Journal articles on the topic 'German language'
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1
Lykov, Egor. "Sprache und Sprachen der Volga German Studies Eine globale Perspektive." Zagreber germanistische Beiträge 28 (2020): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17234/zgb.28.7.
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This paper analyses the language usage in the most recent publications related to Volga German Studies as an interdisciplinary research field dealing with the language, history and culture of Volga Germans. Individual historiographies from the US, Canada, Germany, Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Georgia, Brazil and Argentina will be compared concerning the various languages of scientific publications. Particular attention will be paid to scientific communication between these national research centers, and the role of bilingual publications in the scientific discourse of the discipline will be focused upon. Furthermore, the influence of the increasing role of English in the scientific discourse on Volga German Studies will be discussed.
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SyGaco, Sonia B. "The Shift of the First Language During Migration." Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 5, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/ajir2214.
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Nine teenage Filipino-Germans were challenged to learn two languages when they moved to Dumaguete City, Philippines. These German native speakers were born in Germany and migrated to the Philippines with their German fathers and Filipino mothers. In this new environment, they have been exposed to communicating in Cebuano, the dominant language, and develop their listening, speaking, reading, and writing English skills in school. The Can-do Scale test of Keijzer (2007) demonstrates their ability to learn a second language, with all responders willing to read, speak, and write in Cebuano and English. Short-term Filipino-Germans (who stayed in the Philippines for less than five years) prefer to listen to German on the radio or television, while long-term respondents (those who lived in the Philippines for more than five years) with dwindling German vocabulary favor listening to Cebuano and English. The study concludes that German respondents have gradually acquired Cebuano and English through time. The long-term migrants have forgotten their first language, as seen in their reading, speaking and writing skills. In contrast, the short-term migrants are still proficient in their first language despite the competition of the other two languages.
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Mihułka, Krystyna. "Selbst- und Fremdbilder in der Fremdsprachendidaktik am Beispiel des DaF-Unterrichts in Polen." Glottodidactica 49, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 109–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/gl.2022.49.2.05.
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This article aims at providing an answer to the question of whether, and if so to what extent (intensive) German language learning and exploring German culture leads to a positive change in the image of Germany and Germans in Poland. The article opens with theoretical considerations on the Us–Them dichotomy, the essential components of self-image and the image of the Other, as well as the interpenetration of the self and otherness. In turn, the empirical part of the article, which is directly related to the theoretical one, is devoted to the analysis of the results of a qualitative study conducted among Polish students of German Philology. The results of the analysis of the students’ utterances show that the exploration of German culture and the improvement of one’s German language proficiency at school and during German studies at university, as well as direct contact with the Germans have resulted in a positive change in the respondents’ attitudes towards Germany, Germans and the German language. The article ends with conclusions along with clearly outlined avenues for further research.
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Marta, Czyżewska. "Einige Bemerkungen über die deutsche Sprache zu Beginn des Dritten Jahrtausends im In- und Ausland." Traduction et Langues 11, no. 1 (August 31, 2012): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/translang.v11i1.532.
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Some remarks on the German language at home and abroad at the beginning of the third millennium
The aim of this article is to thoroughly examine the "German - Language of Ideas" campaign launched in 2010 as a project of the Federal Foreign Office together with its partners (Goethe Institute, German Academic Exchange Service, Central Office for Schools Abroad, Deutsche Welle, Institute for Foreign Relations and Pedagogical Exchange Service). A discussion of the reasons, causes and goals of this central focus of German foreign cultural and educational policy is presented and analyzed in this paper.The variety of language-promoting facilities allows us to look positively to the future. In my opinion it is important that they are aware that these efforts must be long-term and comprehensive so that interest in the German language can at least remains at the level attained, if not even grows.German is no longer a world language like it was in the 19th century, and that can no longer be undone. It was the most important scientific language, but in Eastern Europe it still seems to be one of the most popular foreign languages and it can be observed that it is also an important cultural language. Klaus Reichert, President of the German Academy for Language and Poetry, stated in his interview that in Germany itself there is an increasing number of brilliant German authors who have a Turkish, Arabic, Serbian, Croatian, Spanish or Italian background. When asked why they chose German, they have answered that there are opportunities in German that they don't have in their languages. It is also an interesting phenomenon that of the 20 authors who were on the list for the German Book Prize, nine had a background in other languages, and that it was Melinda Nadj Abonji, a Serbian-Hungarian who lives in Switzerland, who received the book award. According to Klaus Reichert, these are phenomena that show us that our assumptions and perceptions are right. If one dares to make a prediction, that German will also change as a result in the long term, these authors would of course bring a different language competency into the bring Germans in. The paper tackled among other aspects issues in relation to Language purism, language maintenance, and language promotion, the German language, and the educational policy adopted for Deutsch development.
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Alekseenko, E. S. "The Status of the German Language in Modern Germany: a Brief Description of the Language Policy in the Federal Republic of Germany." Discourse 9, no. 4 (September 21, 2023): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2023-9-4-176-186.
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Introduction. This article is devoted to the modern language policy in Germany. An analysis of intra- and extra-linguistic factors that influence the steps taken by the state in relation to the languages spoken on the territory of the country makes it possible to characterize the position and status of the language of the titular nation in Germany. Consideration of the current situation can help to draw a conclusion about the effectiveness of the implemented language policy, suggest further ways of the development of the German language, and also understand the underlying causes of the evolution of the language and its current state.Methodology and sources. The article is based on the results of the analysis of modern studies of the role, status and specifics of the German language by such linguists and philologists as Yu.V. Kobenko, S.A. Zhilyuk, V.I. Kozhevnikova, A. Kirkness, W. Hendelmeier, as well as the analysis of the main laws and legal acts in Germany regulating its language policy. For a more complete description of the studied phenomenon, the classic works of N.B. Vakhtin, E.V. Golovko, A.D. Schweitzer, L.B. Nikolskiy devoted to language policy, were considered.Results and discussion. Language policy is a powerful tool of social control. Due to the specifics of the formation of a unified German state, it is possible to talk about a systematically implemented language policy only from the end of the 19th century - the moment the German Empire was founded. The current position of the German language in Germany is determined by many extralinguistic factors, both diachronically (primarily by the role and position of the Third Reich in world history) and synchronically (the trend towards intensive cultural dialogue, openness of borders, priority support for the rights of linguistic minorities).Conclusion. At the moment, the German language is affected by the values of multiculturalism and pluralism cultivated in Europe and the actively ongoing process of globalization. Recognizing the importance of the German language in the process of the formation of German cultural identity, the German government is forced to focus primarily on supporting other languages and dialects common in the country. The question of supporting and securing the German language as a state language at the legislative level is still to be discussed.
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Дубинский and Vladimir Dubinskiy. "Non-verbal communication in Germany." Modern Communication Studies 2, no. 4 (August 20, 2013): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/811.
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The article addresses non-verbal communication presenting the national peculiarities of body language in Germany in close correlation with the stereotypical image of the German nation and the language picture of the world. The author gives a typology of German non-verbal communication on the basis of interpersonal interaction. The article illustrates gender differences in non-verbal communication of Germans giving particular attention to its national and international aspects. The author demonstrates the process of acculturation through non-verbal communication of foreigners living in Germany and of Germans living in Russia.
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Ritter, Anna. "Language choice and language contact in print advertisements for Russian-speaking immigrants in Germany." Russian Journal of Linguistics 25, no. 4 (December 18, 2021): 958–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-4-958-980.
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This study aims to analyze linguistic contact in a written language on a sample of advertisements for Russian-speaking immigrants in the German city of Nuremberg, where there is a well-developed infrastructure for Russian-speaking immigrants, including the availability of periodicals. The study has the following research questions: What functions do Russian and German, as well as other languages, perform in advertisements in periodicals for Russian-speaking immigrants? Is there a correlation between the subject matter of the ads and the language or languages used? What phenomena of language contact found in the spoken language of Russian-speaking immigrants are characteristic of advertisements? A corpus consisting of 443 advertisements, obtained through continuous sampling from periodicals, was collected for the study. The analysis revealed that Russian, German, English, Ukrainian, and Latin fulfil specific functions in the advertisements. It was found that, depending on the subject matter, advertisers choose a particular language or language combination for their ads. At the lexical and morphosyntactic levels were identified borrowings from German and English, entirely or partially grammatically integrated into Russian, and cases of code-switching between Russian and German. Thereby, the study highlights one aspect of the linguistic situation of the Russian-speaking community in Germany and may implicitly serve to assess the vitality of the Russian language in Germany.
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Domizi, Alessandra. "Außenstereotype über die deutsche Sprache und was sich dahinter verbirgt." Studia Linguistica 39 (December 7, 2020): 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1169.39.5.
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The German language is (stereo)typically viewed as a language that is both hard to learn and harsh to the ear, as well as useful and (sometimes overly) precise. Considering a few linguistic studies but focusing on layman manifestations from different countries found in literature, press, television and social networks, the author analyses these stereotypes as to their spread, connection to German culture, possible origins and social connotations. Following a qualitative approach, the analysis highlights how the outside view of Germany and the Germans has been shaped by specific historical events, from the era of the Germans as a people of poets and thinkers to the two World Wars and the modern EU. Finally, the analysis allows the identification of a clear connection between Germany/Germans-related and German-related stereotypes.
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Mihułka, Krystyna. "Zum Stellenwert des Deutschen in Polen." Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics 47, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 53071. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/gl.2020.47.1.04.
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The German language in Poland has a very long tradition dating back to the 18th century. Over the centuries, under the influence of historical, political, economic and social factors, the image of Germany and Germans in Poland as well as the attitude of Poles towards the German language have been subject to continual evolution. The aim of this article is to discuss the position of the German language in Poland, mainly in the 21st century. Particular attention is paid to the discussion of the importance of this language in the Polish educational system in the past two decades, and the changing number of people learning, predominantly in primary and secondary education. Moreover, the reasons for the relatively high level of dislike of the German language among Poles (including learners of German) are presented and analysed. The discussion of the current status of German in our country is preceded by a brief historical outline showing the significance of the German language in Poland as well as the attitude of Poles towards this language over the centuries, beginning with the Old-Polish period
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Cherkasova, Nelly A. "On the issue of formal assimilation of anglicism nouns in the genus category of the german language system and its national variants." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 29, no. 4 (March 29, 2024): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2023-29-4-145-152.
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In the conditions of general globalisation, there is a massive consolidation of Anglicisms in all languages, including the German language with its national variants. The study of this process is topical and corresponds to modern priority scientific directions. Formal assimilation is an aspect of loaning foreign language material by a receptor language. It is this that allows foreign language material to gain a foothold in the system of the borrowing language. However, the German language we consider to be a receptor language, is not a monosystem formation due to its including of national variants. The German literary language is a potential abstract archsystem realised in three directions, sovereign systems of the German language (the German language of Germany, the Austrian and the Swiss varieties of the German literary language). The nature of the German language greatly influences the results of formal assimilation of borrowed material, since they will vary depending on the usage. Fluctuations in national variants arise both at the phonetic, lexical, grammatical, word-formation level, and can manifest themselves in relation to the processes of borrowing and Germanisation of foreign language material. This article studies and describes deviations and variations in the results of the formal assimilation of Anglicisms-nouns in the genus category, functioning in the national varieties of the German language of Austria and Switzerland in comparison with the German language of Germany. The acquisition of generic categorical meaning by borrowed units plays an important role in the German language system, since belonging to a certain grammatical gender is a mandatory and constant indicator of the part of speech “noun” and predetermines the further assimilation of the borrowed unit in the receptor language.
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Tomasouw, Jolanda, Henderika Serpara, and Maria M. Nikijuluw. "BAHASA JERMAN SEBAGAI JEMBATAN BERKARIR DI JERMAN." German für Gesellschaft (J-Gefüge) 1, no. 1 (October 25, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jgefuege.1.1.1-8.
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The best chance for someone to advance their career abroad these days is to be fluent in German. The goals of the virtual community service at SMAN 1 Maluku Tenggara are to (a) enlighten students about employment options in Germany and (b) increase their motivation to learn German through a variety of media. A total of 37 people participated in this activity, including 3 study program lecturers, 30 students majoring in science, social studies, and languages, 3 outstanding German students who were ready to go and work in Germany, and 1 teacher for German courses at the school. German is spoken. The method used in this activity is interactive lectures, wherein each member of the German Language Education Study Program team presents the subject in turn by creating interactive and educative situations in the form of discussions and questions and answers. As well as providing understanding and awareness to students, about how important it is to learn German as a career bridge in Germany, and how to increase motivation to learn German through various media. The evaluation and reflection results revealed that the Community Service activities were enthusiastically welcomed by the students. The data analysis reveals that: (1) Students' perceptions of career opportunities in Germany explain that 54.75% of students are very interested in continuing their studies in Germany; 52.93% of students are very interested in joining the program from the German government for vocational schools; 64% of students are very interested in working in Germany; 54.33% of students are very interested in studying while working at FSJ, and 57.16% are very interested in participating in AuPair program in Germany. This necessitates that German language teachers give these students additional attention and guidance so that they can enhance their understanding of the German language in the study program for German language education or through the available German language courses; (2) Students' satisfaction with their increased motivation to learn German through various media revealed that approximately 59.29% of students were very interested in learning from German books, 56.16% in watching videos and films in German, 62.14% in listening to German songs, 67.95% in watching YouTube in German, and 34.29% in reading Facebook posts on social media in German. In this regard, German language teachers need to provide assistance, so that the information obtained from various media can be explained properly to avoid the wrong concept
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Jolanta, Mędelska, Cieszkowski Marek, and Jankowiak Rutkowska. "About the Word Arbuse as one of the First Russicisms in the Language of Russian Germans." Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis 65, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jazcas-2014-0001.
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Abstract The article presents the process of creation of German island dialects in Russia and in the USSR. Starting in the second half of the 18th century, people from various German regions, primarily farmers and artisans, migrated to Russia. The authorities most frequently settled them in so-called colonies, or in other words, compact country villages, which were typically separated widely from each other. Germans settled in very large numbers along the Volga, in southern Russia, Crimea, the Caucasus, as well as in the St. Petersburg region, Novgorod, Voronezh and Volyn. The arrivals from Germany brought with them a wide range of dialects and local varieties. Arriving in the colonies, they most commonly settled down based on their places of origin in Germany, but sometimes by religious denomination or even on the basis of friendships formed on the way to Russia. In this way, the residents of one colony might speak even dozens of substantially different dialects and local varieties. These native varieties of speech mixed together and created a common code, which nevertheless retained archaisms as a result of the lack of contact with the living German language. Despite the significant degree to which Germans were isolated from Russians, linguistic borrowings from Russian began to appear in their language early on, even during the long journey to the migrants’ new home. Primarily, lexis required for everyday life were borrowed. The authors of this article, in researching the Soviet variety of German in Russia, observed that the Russicism Arbuse appeared frequently in this variety, yet only rarely - as dictionary entries testify - in German used in Germany. Analysis revealed that Arbuse is one of the earliest and most widely spread Russicisms in the language of Germans from Russia. Likely it is through their particular code that the term made its way into German dictionaries.
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Licari, Camilla, and Monica Perotto. "A study of the speech of bilingual children of Russian Germans living in Germany." Russian Language Studies 19, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2021-19-2-180-190.
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The article presents the relevant issue of analysing the common features of the grammar of Russian as language inherited by the second or third generation of migrant children in Europe and in the world. The novelty of the study is in the fact that it compares the speech of children with different dominant languages and, in particular, studies the speech of a group of children from families of Russian Germans living in Germany under dual language inheritance. Their parents have a very rich migration history, as they are, in turn, also heritage speakers of German, the language, which they spoke in their family. In the present paper, the main task will be to identify the common features determined by the contact between Russian as a heritage language and other languages, especially at morphological and lexical levels. For this purpose, a field research project was conducted at the Learning and Integration Centre Dialog e. V. in Reutlingen. The analysis of oral and written works of bilingual children of the last generation of Russian Germans showed not only the common elements of erosion identified in the heritage grammar, but also the special linguistic features caused by the transition from German-Russian to Russian-German inheritance. The influence of their parents language distinguishes them from other groups of Russian students, emphasizes the importance of studying not only childrens, but also their parents speech, as well as teaching standard Russian in the framework of non-formal education.
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Chechetka, V. I., L. V. Lukina, and A. V. Pilevtseva. "THE DYNAMICS OF ANGLICISMS IN THE MODERN GERMAN LANGUAGE." Modern Linguistic and Methodical-and-Didactic Researches, no. 2(37) (December 31, 2022): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/mlmdr.2022.20.78.008.
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Statement of the problem. Our research is aimed at considering the problem of borrowing English words (anglicisms) in German. On the basis of modern German texts of different genres (slogans of firms and enterprises, speeches of public figures in the media, etc.), an attempt is made to analyze some of the problems dealing with distortions of the standard German language. Results. Over the centuries, as a result of political and economic changes in the German-speaking countries, the German language has been significantly influenced by other languages, and a large number of foreign words have entered its vocabulary. Today, in the lexical system of the German language, there is an excessive amount of English borrowings. Some linguists and vocabulary researchers classify and treat German as a recipient language. At present, there are cases when English words are used as a standard, and even the term Denglisch has appeared, i.e. combination of two languages (Deutsch+Englisch = German + English). The article deals with the problems of the phenomena of linguistic purism, analyzes the research of the German Linguistic Society (VDS), which opposes the excessive dominance of foreign words. Every year, the Society awards prizes for the creation of new words by mixing German and foreign languages, in particular English, and the peculiarities of their translation. We have identified the “words of the year” that influenced the German language in one way or another, and we also consider problems that have a negative impact on the standard German language. Conclusion. Due to the rapid development of new technologies and industries, the role of English as the language of international communication in German society is growing. The influence of the English language on the language situation in Germany has been observed for several centuries. In the 21st century, this process is not weakening, but on the contrary, it is expanding. As a result of the study, it is concluded that the English language certainly has an impact on the development of the German language, but does not violate its uniqueness and naturalness of the lexical system.
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Dołowy-Rybińska, Nicole. "Informal bilingual teachers’ language practices and the consequences on pupils’ language choices in a situation of unequal bilingualism: The case of an Upper Sorbian education system." Multilingua 39, no. 2 (March 26, 2020): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/multi-2018-0101.
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AbstractThis paper investigates how bilingual Upper Sorbian-German teachers who belong to the Sorbian speech community (Lusatia, Germany) introduce the minority language during German language lessons in an Upper Sorbian school. In Lusatia, as well as in Sorbian schools, bilingualism is not of equal character; minority language speakers are all bilingual while the German language speakers are not encouraged to speak Sorbian. The language policy of Upper Lusatia gives Sorbs the right to use their language in public life in principle but due to the strained Sorbian-German relations, language ideologies, and hostile attitudes towards the use of minority language in the presence of Germans Sorbs do not benefit from it in practice. The school language policy divides Sorbian-speakers from pupils of German-speaking families and keeps the teaching of Sorbian separate for both groups. Only during the last two years of school are all language groups mixed. Based on participant observation of and in-depth interviews with bilingual teachers during lessons with students of the 11th grade in one Upper Sorbian school this article discusses how teachers negotiate top-down language policy in their classrooms and, introduce bilingualism; and how their language choices affect students’ language practices.
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Belinskaya, Elena, Tatiana Martsinkovskaya, Vasilisa Orestova, Ekaterina Kiseleva, and Evgenia Kriger. "Dynamics of sociocultural and linguistic identity in the process of socialisation in a multicultural society." Global Journal of Sociology: Current Issues 10, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjs.v10i1.4752.
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The relevance of the problem of socialisation in multicultural space is extremely high. Its significance is connected with the processes of globalisation and increasing migration. In this situation, the sociocultural and, especially, linguistic identity can be analysed as a bonding and bridging social capital that helps or complicates socialisation, depending on the specifics of the social situation. These assumptions were checked in the empirical research of the sociocultural and linguistic identity of the three groups of ethnic Germans: living in Russia, in the CIS and those who moved to Germany. The obtained data showed the bilingualism of the majority of respondents. At the same time, respondents from Russia and Germany consider both Russian and German languages as native, while respondents from the CIS no longer regard German as their mother language. For them, ethnic, not linguistic, identity is the most essential for socialisation in a multicultural society. For Germans living in Russia, on the contrary, both languages help in communication and in professional activity. For the Germans, who now live in Germany, the Russian language helps in understanding their sociocultural specifics. The future is associated with the German language. Our respondents answer that the main group of socialisation for them is the family. This was especially marked in the answers of respondents living in Russia and Germany. So, we can state that in a complex multicultural environment, the family for them is not only a group for socialisation, but also an object of identity, partly playing the role of psychological defence and support in a changing world. The obtained results also showed a tendency towards individualisation. For the respondents from Russia and Germany, the main identity groups, besides family, are professional groups and groups with common interests. Thus, it can be concluded that linguistic identity plays the role of both bonding and bridging social capital. In positive socialisation, sociocultural identity plays the role of a bridging rather than a connecting capital. Mixed linguistic identity is predominantly a positive moment, increasing socialisation in a multicultural environment.
Keywords: Socialisation, transitivity, identity, multicultural world.
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Vasilyeva, Galina. "The German Language in the International Cultural Space." Ideas and Ideals 12, no. 3-2 (September 23, 2020): 314–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2020-12.3.2-314-336.
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The author considers the factors, which determine interest to the German language in different regions of the world. The object of research is the role of the German language in international sociocultural contacts and the humanitarian sphere development, in the world educational space formation. The subject matter is practical experience of mastering the German language, linguistic achievements and problems of specific nations in this area. The author considers practical application of the German language in the language policy of several countries, studies intercultural interaction difficulties, analyses international research projects in ethno-social dynamics. The goal of the research determined the tasks: to present a socio-anthropological approach to the consideration of the language situation in the countries, to comment on the institutional aspects of the German language dissemination, to substantiate the multilingualism significance as a tool of intercultural education. The chronological framework of the study covers the first decades of the XXI century. At the same time, if we consider the problem in a historical aspect, we will inevitably turn to the earlier periods. A systematic approach allows us to establish a logical relationship and interdependence of these periods, traces changes in the status of the official language in Germany. This issue is not only linguistic, but also historical and cultural. The author analyzes the problems of the ethnolinguistic situation associated with the study of the German language in a number of countries: among them, the United Kingdom, in which other languages (but English) have a lesser degree of social prestige and are being squeezed out of the language space. The French Republic, along with the Federal Republic of Germany, as the leader of Europe, has always been on the axis of European construction. The country continues the policy of promoting internationalization of the French language. At the same time, Francophonie is a movement for cultural diversity. The Kingdom of Belgium and the Swiss Confederation are related to Germany in institutional architecture. It is necessary to study the situation in these ethnically heterogeneous and multilingual federal states, where German is one of the official languages. The author appeals to the history of Spain and the Republic of Korea because the citizens of these countries participated in the reconstruction of Germany after the Second World War. Issues related to the individual linguistic rights implementation determine national and political processes, educational and cultural policies. Learning several languages forms the idea that a multilingual society is the standard model of communication.
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Strenge, Hans, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, and Luh Ketut Suryani. "Random Number Generation in Bilingual Balinese and German Students: Preliminary Findings from an Exploratory Cross-Cultural Study." Perceptual and Motor Skills 109, no. 1 (August 2009): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.109.1.61-75.
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Verbal random number generation is a procedurally simple task to assess executive function and appears ideally suited for the use under diverse settings in cross-cultural research. The objective of this study was to examine ethnic group differences between young adults in Bali (Indonesia) and Kiel (Germany). 50 bilingual healthy students, 30 Balinese and 20 Germans, attempted to generate a random sequence of the digits 1 to 9. In Balinese participants, randomization was done in Balinese (native language L1) and Indonesian (first foreign language L2), in German subjects in the German (L1) and English (L2) languages. 10 of 30 Balinese (33%), but no Germans, were unable to inhibit habitual counting in more than half of the responses. The Balinese produced significantly more nonrandom responses than the Germans with higher rates of counting and significantly less occurrence of the digits 2 and 3 in L1 compared with L2. Repetition and cycling behavior did not differ between the four languages. The findings highlight the importance of taking into account culture-bound psychosocial factors for Balinese individuals when administering and interpreting a random number generation test.
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Huffines, Marion Lois. "Acquisition Strategies in Language Death." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 13, no. 1 (March 1991): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100009712.
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Nonsectarian Pennsylvania Germans who are the first generation in their families to learn English natively, often attempt to learn the Pennsylvania German that their families no longer regularly use. This study assesses the process of acquiring a dying language by investigating learners' use of the Pennsylvania German dative case. Learning strategies are remarkably free of reliance on English rules. Evidence indicates that speakers rely on what they have learned and seek analogies within Pennsylvania German, resorting to English only when other strategies fail. The search for near-congruity identified as operative across languages operates within the learner language as internal analogy. Learners also seek to maximize the distance between English and Pennsylvania German and emphasize the distinctiveness of each.
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DALLER, MICHAEL H., JEANINE TREFFERS-DALLER, and REYHAN FURMAN. "Transfer of conceptualization patterns in bilinguals: The construal of motion events in Turkish and German." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 14, no. 1 (October 6, 2010): 95–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728910000106.
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In the present article we provide evidence for the occurrence of transfer of conceptualization patterns in narratives of two German–Turkish bilingual groups. All bilingual participants grew up in Germany, but only one group is still resident in Germany (n = 49). The other, the returnees, moved back to Turkey after having lived in Germany for thirteen years (n = 35). The study is based on the theoretical framework for conceptual transfer outlined in Jarvis and Pavlenko (2008) and on the typology of satellite-framed and verb-framed languages developed by Talmy (1985, 1991, 2000a, b) and Slobin (1987, 1996, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006). In the present study we provide evidence for the hypothesis that language structure affects the organization of information structure at the level of the Conceptualizer, and show that bilingual speakers’ conceptualization of motion events is influenced by the dominant linguistic environment in both languages (German for the group in Germany and Turkish for the returnees). The returnees follow the Turkish blueprints for the conceptualization of motion, in both Turkish and German event construals, whereas the German-resident bilinguals follow the German blueprints, when speaking German as well as Turkish. We argue that most of the patterns found are the result of transfer of conceptualization patterns from the dominant language of the environment.
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Shlegel, Elena A. "Dialects of the Germans of Russia and Kazakhstan." Journal of Frontier Studies 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2023): 61–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/jfs.v8i1.496.
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The linguistic diversity of the Germans in Russia and Kazakhstan is due to the migration of ethnic groups to the territory of the Russian Empire from the lands of Germany and subsequent migrations within the country. Some ethnic Germans use the dialect in speech, for them it is their native language, the rest of the Germans speak literary German to varying degrees, and Russian is considered their native language. Today, it is impossible to uniquely identify one native language for an ethnic group, as Germans speak different dialects of German. The purpose of the study is to determine the states of the modern dialect language of the Germans of Russia and Kazakhstan, to consider how dialects were historically spread throughout the country, and how dialects are preserved now. The article considers the territorial distribution of dialects in Russia, primarily Siberia, where the majority of Germans live, as well as the circulation of German dialects in Kazakhstan after the deportation of Germans. The central part of the article is devoted to the modern state of dialects, which are preserved primarily in places of compact settlement of Germans. The article makes use of the results of ethno-sociological surveys of Germans in Russia and Kazakhstan on the issues of dialects, and analyzes contemporary methods of preserving and translating the language. Conclusions: dialects are preserved where Germans live compactly. The author notes that there are negative trends in the process of preserving dialects, but German public organizations today solve many problems concerning dialects.
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Pajević, Marko. "Sprachabenteuer: Yoko Tawadas exophone Erkundungen des Deutschen." Interlitteraria 26, no. 1 (August 31, 2021): 173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2021.26.1.12.
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Adventures in Language: Yoko Tawada’s Exophonic Explorations of German. Yoko Tawada (1960) is for good reason one of the prime examples for contemporary German exophonic literature. She is a very successful writer in Japanese and in German and provides in her Germanophone writings an ethnography of the German worldview, as Wilhelm von Humboldt famously called languages, or of the German language-mindset. This article focuses on her 2010 poetry volume Abenteuer der deutschen Grammatik (‘Adventures of German Grammar’) to demonstrate how exophonia can allow us to develop an acute awareness of the ways in which language structures shape our patterns of thinking. Coming from a very differently organised language, Japanese, Tawada comments in playful ways on the implications of German, and compares it translinguistically with Japanese. Looking at German from an outside position enables her to be very creative and to make Germans discover their language with new eyes. Translingual writing, even though also present in a real mixing of languages in Tawada, appears here as a way to understand how much our ideas are shaped by our linguistic structures, and that there are alternative worldviews. It thus contributes greatly to a relativisation of one’s own perspective and helps to open up to difference and creativity.
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Kostomarov, Petr, and Yurij Kobenko. "The Language Situation in the Russian German Ethnic Community of Molchanovo District, Tomsk Region." Nizhny Novgorod Linguistics University Bulletin, no. 50 (June 30, 2020): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47388/2072-3490/lunn2020-50-2-27-39.
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This article presents the analysis of the language situation, done as part of sociolinguistic study among representatives of the German etnic minority in the Molchanovo district of Tomsk region which has been a place of concentrated residence of German immigrants since the second half of the 20th century. Using recorded monologic and dialogic speech as well as questionnaire data, the authors identify subject-specific areas that have communicative significance in the speech behavior of Russian Germans in the area. The purpose of this article is to examine the functioning of the German dialect in the speech of representatives of the German ethnic minority from the Molchanovo district of Tomsk region as an exogloss component of the language situation. The study uses data from a sociolinguistic analysis of the language situation conducted on the territory of the Molchanovo district of Tomsk region in 2017. The main research methods are observation, comparison and interpretation, oral interviews and questionnaires. The analysis of the language situation in the indicated region has revealed a significant dominance of the Russian language over German in all areas of everyday communication. Thus, 99% of the Russian German surveyed use the Russian language, which has become their native language (54%) and serves as the main means of communication among the informants. Since, due to its long-term residence in a Russian-speaking environment, the Molchanovo German ethnic minority has been isolated from the German-speaking parent community in Germany, this has brought about a widespread use of Russian in oral (72%) and written (63%) speech as well as communication in the workplace (72%). Of no small importance is the belief of these Russian Germans in the importance of the Russian language for the development of Tomsk region (63%) as well as the use of Russian in religious practice when reading texts and prayers (45%), caused by more than fifty years of living in the area dominated by a different religious tradition (Russian Orthodox). Thus the language situation among Russian Germans in the Molchanovo district of Tomsk region is characterized by a significant dominance of the Russian language as its endoglossic exponent.
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Zaichenko, O. "Wie Feuer und Wasser: differences and similarities of similes in the German and Ukrainian languages." Studia Philologica 2, no. 17 (2021): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2021.175.
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The paper focuses on the main features of similes in the German language as well as the translation issues related to them. The comparative analysis of similes in the German and Ukrainian languages has been carried out to reveal the structural and semantic aspects of similes resulting in extended typology of similes in the German language. The analysis of the corpora of similes in the German and Ukrainian languages has demonstrated the presence of both similar and divergent semantic features inherent in them which stem from differences in mentalities of Germans and Ukrainians. Unique, specific fixed similes are observed in the in the idiomatic space of the German language. Similes can be rendered into the target language by the fully equivalent units, partial lexical equivalents, analogous counterparts, word-for-word patterns. The article pays special attention to the educational issues for foreign students to study German similes. Studies of similes extend to functioning of such units in the modern German language as some of them have turned to be outdated, got transformed, or changed their denotative meaning. The article confirms that similes as a special part of phraseology are productive, topical, valuable in terms of communication, as well as open for development. The research can result in compiling a dictionary of similes which will facilitate the studies of lexicology, stylistics, cultural studies, and practical course of translation for students specializing in German or those learning German as a second foreign language.
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Ludanyi, Renate. "Can German Remain a Vital Heritage Language in the United States?" Heritage Language Journal 10, no. 3 (December 30, 2013): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46538/hlj.10.3.3.
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The demise of German as a pervasive language for 300 years in the United States is due to historical and demographic reasons. Creating an awareness of Germany as an important country and strengthening the role of German teaching has gained advocates in educational and political circles in Germany as well as in the United States. Less understood and supported is the situation of German as a heritage language,despite a multitude of native German speakers who reside in the United States, in part due to global economic needs and who continue to be attracted to German as a language of use. This article describes the work of private German language schools to develop language proficiency, opportunities to use German, and a desire to speak it,and pleads for more research on German as a heritage language and interest in German language conservation.Although Austria and Switzerland also contribute to the preservation of their culture and language abroad by maintaining schools, cultural forums, etc., this article will focus primarily on Germany’s efforts to develop German language instruction in the U.S.
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COŞKUN, HASAN. "USING EDUCATIONAL MARBLE GAMES IN GERMAN LANGUAGE TEACHING." Journal of Education Culture and Society 6, no. 1 (January 5, 2020): 167–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20151.167.184.
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The aim of this article is to show how German students can be motivated by learning games. Apart from the development and didacticisation of the learning game “Marbles”, the attitude of Turkish families and language teaching educational establishments and the support of the DaF lessons by German mediating institutions in Turkey will be considered. The attitude of Turkish families to learning foreign languages is mostly positive. Turkish educational authorities and those responsible for education take various measures to expand foreign language teaching availability in the schools. German institutions which provide teachers (Goethe-Institut, ZfA, DAAD) promote the improvement of German teaching in Turkey. Nevertheless, the quality of German teaching is not satisfactory mostly because the available teachers are not adequately qualified, teacher training is remote from practice, the quality of text books and teaching materials, the traditions of learning, the excessively large classes, inadequate learning environment (language cabinets and equipment), the nature and method of central examinations (multiple choice) and their significance in the Turkish educational system. In the long-term, this leads to frustration in both teachers and students. The Turkish educational authorities initially took measures to expand the availability of language teaching in the course of harmonisation of the Turkish educational system to that of the EU e.g. the introduction of a second foreign language. German mediating institutions ensure reasonable further training for teachers locally and in Germany and support the creation of teaching materials etc.
The Ministry of Education in Turkey, has started to take measures for students to learn other languages such as German, French, Russian, Spanish, Japanese, Italian, Arabic, ethnic languages in Turkey, et cetera in the educational institutions in addition to English. For example, in the Anatolian high schools two foreign languages are taught. The Board for Higher Education in Turkey, has introduced second foreign language lessons in foreign language teacher programs, envisioned to be taken for three semesters, in order for the language teachers to gain experience in the field of two languages. Private education institutes are emphasizing that they are teaching more than one foreign language in order to draw more students. Families make an economic sacrifice for their children in order for them to learn foreign languages. It is observed that in some districts of certain major cities, teaching of foreign languages has started to be given as early as at kindergarten level. In Turkey, German is preferred as the second foreign language in general. Nowadays, German is the second preferred language from primary to high school in Turkey. The quality of German language lessons should be increased for more students to select German as the second foreign language in the coming years. Despite all these efforts, teaching foreign language is not up to the desired level in Turkey (Bayraktaroğlu, 2014, pp. 9-14; Demircan, 2014, pp. 17-22). For that reason, it is important that motivating teaching methods and teaching materials be developed for German teaching.
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Alekseenko, E. S. "On the Fate of Loanwords in a Language (the Case of the German Language)." Discourse 9, no. 3 (June 21, 2023): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2023-9-3-176-187.
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Introduction. The article discusses loanwords as one of the ways to expand lexis, the attitude towards foreign language units in the German language community, in particular, purist movements and efforts to preserve purity of the language, a brief analysis of loanwords in modern German is carried out. Currently, loanwords, especially those form English, have a crucial role in the process of lexis evolution. Analyzing this phenomenon and its perception by native speakers might help to suggest how the German language will evolve.Methodology and sources. In the course of the study, such concepts as “language evolution”, “loanwords”, “purism” were analyzed and described. The materials for the study were the articles of such linguists as E.D. Polivanov and M.D. Stepanova on the development and expansion of lexis, in particular the one of the German language, the works of sociolinguists, L.P. Krysin and I.V. Belikov, in particular, related to language evolution, as well as modern studies of the German language.Results and discussion. The article highlights modern sociolinguistic ideas about language evolution, considers loanwords as a significant part of this process. The diachronic and synchronic analysis of foreign language elements in the lexis of the German language is carried out, the main milestones in the development of purism in Germany are presented. The development of a language, like the development of any society, is inevitably influenced by foreign cultures that bring something new; isolated development is practically impossible. At different stages, the language borrows missing elements from the languages of those communities that have achieved greater success in one area or another. The perception of borrowed elements is directly influenced by the mood in the language community, the political situation and other extralinguistic factors. The conducted research suggests that despite the not always positive attitude of members of the language community to loanwords, the process of including words from other languages into the lexis is inevitable.Conclusion. Borrowings are an inevitable consequence of linguistic evolution taking place in close contact with other languages and cultures. At the moment, borrowings are an integral part of the lexis of the German language and are an essential element of its development.
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Moskvina, Tatiana Nikolajevna. "Linguistic and cultural aspects of the semantics of dialect vocabulary (based on island German dialects in Siberia)." Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 17, no. 5 (May 21, 2024): 1544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240222.
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Island German dialects that exist in certain regions of Russia and partially retain the status of the everyday family language in Russian German families are a unique linguistic phenomenon from the point of view of the history of the development of the German language and its regional variants and language contacts as factors of influence on the language system. Island German dialects develop in a foreign language environment, preserving many archaic language elements. The aim of the study is to present aspects of the study of dialectal vocabulary in a new perspective, from the standpoint of linguoculturology and historical semantics, based on the accumulated scientific experience in German studies and dialectology of various languages. As the linguocultural aspects based on the material of German dialects outside the main language area have been developed in German studies fragmentarily, the scientific novelty lies in the approaches to the consideration of the semantics of vocabulary of island German dialects in terms of its significance as a representative of the linguoculture of Russian Germans and substantiates the need to consider island variants of the German language in an interdisciplinary aspect. As a result of the analysis of theoretical aspects of cultural linguistics and dialectology, an attempt is made to show what ethnoculturally significant information is reflected in the semantics of dialect units, and to determine the perspective of further dialectological research in the field of island German dialectology.
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Belyaev, Andrei N. "German-Slavic toponymic contacts in East Germany." Neophilology, no. 27 (2021): 434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2021-7-27-434-443.
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We consider the issues of the relationship between the German language and the Sorbian language. The material of the study is the toponyms that are common in the territory that extends in the east to the course of the rivers Bober, Quays and Oder, in the north – to the vicinity of Berlin, and in the west goes beyond the Saale River. The relevance of the study is due to the desire for a more in-depth study of German-Slavic language contacts issues. The novelty of the work lies in the consideration of the issue in various aspects: language levels, sociolinguistic, areal. We study the mechanisms and properties of adaptation of Slavic toponyms at all linguistic levels, clarify the methodology for describing the integration process of borrowed toponyms, describe the phase’s characteristic of the integration process. We show that among the Slavs and Germans, semantic parallelism in the acts of nomination is often noted, due to the geographical environment. We establish that the linguo-geographic relations that developed during the German-Lusatian to-ponymic interaction are heterogeneous in nature. We conclude that interlanguage contacts in the field of toponymy were complex and did not have a monolithic character, as was previously be-lieved. As a prospect for further research, it is planned to study the Slavic Germanic place names in the Slavic languages.
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Qizi, Uralova Feruza Faxriddin. "USEFUL WAYS LEARNING GERMAN LANGUAGE." American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 03, no. 05 (May 1, 2023): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/volume03issue05-13.
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This article explores effective and useful ways to learn the German language. Learning German offers various benefits, including expanded travel opportunities, academic pursuits, and career advancements. The article provides a comprehensive overview of methods such as language classes, immersion in German media, conversational practice, online resources, reading German literature, cultural immersion, goal setting, and tracking progress. It also emphasizes the importance of utilizing flashcards, joining online language communities, writing in German, engaging with German culture, utilizing language exchange apps, and seeking professional language tutoring. By incorporating these strategies, language learners can enhance their German language skills and achieve fluency in an engaging and efficient manner.
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Sadivakasovna, Rahimova Shaxlo. "DESCRIPTION OF GERMAN LANGUAGE DICTIONARIES." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 4, no. 4 (April 1, 2024): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-04-04-28.
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The functioning of language is associated with the disappearance of certain words, with the emergence of new ones, with the change in the meaning or stylistic status of words. Each of the ways of developing the vocabulary of the German language has its own characteristics. The paper draws attention to these features. The paper describes verbal neoplasms not registered in dictionaries until the middle of the 20th century, selected from the texts of the German newspapers “Süddeutsche Zeitung”, “Frankfurter Allgemeine”, “Der Spiegel”, “Joe”, “Alles für die Frau”, “GEO” and others. The study considers the linguistic material of some dictionaries published in the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, including dictionaries of colloquial youth vocabulary. So, the main idea of this article is to highlight the peculiarities of word formation in German linguistics through the history.
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Sadivakasovna, Rahimova Shaxlo. "DESCRIPTION OF GERMAN LANGUAGE DICTIONARIES." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 4, no. 4 (April 1, 2024): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-04-04-29.
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The paper defines the ways and peculiarities of word formation in modern German language. The paper deals with one of theways of enriching the verb vocabulary in the modern German language, in particular wordbuilding. In the result of the analysis of the language material, the most productive models and means of the word-building of the verbs are emphasized including word-building models borrowed from other languages. The vocabulary of the language, being a system, is in constant motion. The functioning of language is associated with the disappearance of certain words, with the emergence of new ones, with the change in the meaning or stylistic status of words. Each of the ways of developing the vocabulary of the German language has its own characteristics. The paper draws attention to these features. The paper describes verbal neoplasms not registered in dictionaries until the middle of the 20th century, selected from the texts of the German newspapers “Süddeutsche Zeitung”, “Frankfurter Allgemeine”, “Der Spiegel”, “Joe”, “Alles für die Frau”, “GEO” and others. The study considers the linguistic material of some dictionaries published in the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, including dictionaries of colloquial youth vocabulary. So, the main idea of this article is to highlight the peculiarities of word formation in German linguistics through the history.
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Adler, Astrid. "Language, or Dialect, That Is the Question. How Attitudes Affect Language Statistics Using the Example of Low German." Languages 6, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages6010040.
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This paper explores how attitudes affect the seemingly objective process of counting speakers of varieties using the example of Low German, Germany’s sole regional language. The initial focus is on the basic taxonomy of classifying a variety as a language or a dialect. Three representative surveys then provide data for the analysis: the Germany Survey 2008, the Northern Germany Survey 2016, and the Germany Survey 2017. The results of these surveys indicate that there is no consensus concerning the evaluation of Low German’s status and that attitudes towards Low German are related to, for example, proficiency in the language. These attitudes are shown to matter when counting speakers of Low German and investigating the status it has been accorded.
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Merlan, Aurelia. "Rumänisch im deutschen Migrationskontext." Romanistisches Jahrbuch 72, no. 1 (November 17, 2021): 63–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/roja-2021-0003.
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Abstract The migration of Romanian nationals to Germany has a rather long history, but it has gained intensity in the last fifty years. There are almost 780.000 Romanians now living in Germany making them the second-largest group of foreign EU citizens residing in this country. If we also include naturalised citizens as well as the “old” and “new” ethnic German immigrants (the German Romanians), the total number of immigrants originating from Romania exceeds one million individuals. Despite this, migratory linguistic studies are almost non-existent. This article examines the sociolinguistic situation of Romanian as an extraterritorial language in Germany and the discourse behaviour of Romanian migrants to which it correlates. Special attention is paid to the second generation. The focus is on the following aspects: the acquisition of the language of origin and the territorial language, the migrants’ language competence in Romanian compared to their language competence in German, the use of these languages by domains and the translinguistic markers in discourse. The empirical study — which is preceded by a brief description of Romanian migration to Germany — is based on data obtained using qualitative and quantitative methods.
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Bestaeva, E. V. "Russian Language in German socio-linguistic space as an Object of Russian Language state Policy." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 11, no. 3 (August 20, 2021): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2021-11-3-39-46.
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Today about 110 thousand people are learning Russian in Germany, and almost 2 million people are learning German in Russia The apparent contradiction is that if ethnic Germans do not constitute the dominant non-autochthonous group in Russia, then Russian in Germany is defnitely one of the most widespread languages among the residents and citizens of immigrant origin According to some sources, it even takes the leading position in this segment Its popularization can (and should) serve to preserve the ethnolinguistics identity of the Russian-speaking community abroad The Russian language is undoubtedly an effective instrument of ‘soft power’ in Russian policy abroad, contributing to the creation/ preservation of an attractive image of Russia in the international arena, the establishment of economic, academic, and ethnocultural relations, the construction of a comfortable feld of objective information exchange, the development of the ‘Russian world’ in its current large-scale understanding The answer, in the author’s opinion, is unequivocal The success of efforts undertaken by public and academic organisations of our states; the implementation of projects initiated by German educational institutions and offcial institutions in the framework of international cooperation should not only be supported but to a large extent ensured by the Russian side The article gives an up-to-date assessment of the role of the Russian language and Russian-speaking community in the sociopolitical space of Germany in the course of education, integration, electoral and other processes, the activities of certain actors in striving to reverse the frightening trend of losing Russian language and Russian cultural traditions outside Russia, the problems and prospects of the external direction of contemporary Russian language policy.
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Tsepel, M. G. "THE STATUS OF THE GERMAN LANGUAGE IN MODERN UNIVERSITIES." Современная высшая школа инновационный аспект, no. 1 (2022): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7442/2071-9620-2022-14-1-64-71.
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In the modern world in the context of internationalization, the status of a foreign language is largely determined by its demand in the field of higher education and science. The main tasks of the university’s activities include the development of academic mobility of students and staff, the creation of joint educational programs with foreign universities, and the expansion of international research cooperation. The fulfillment of these tasks is impossible without knowledge of a foreign language. The German language with a once high status, which is one of the main European languages of culture and science, found itself in the era of globalization and internationalization in a difficult situation due to the predominance of English in the educational space of universities not only in Russia, but also in Germany. The author analyzed the cooperation of leading universities with scientific and educational organizations in Germany, made an overview of activities aimed at maintaining and developing the German language, contributing to raising its communicative status in the educational space of universities. The article substantiates the need to preserve the German language in the educational space, since Germany has rich scientific traditions, is open to Russian specialists in the field of education and science, and is a promising partner for Russian universities.
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Dementyeva, Тamara М. "German as a Second Foreign Language for Russian Students – A Dilemma of Choice: Classical or Pluricentric German?" Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 464 (2021): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/464/21.
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The article raises the problem of teaching German as a second foreign language within the framework of a pluricentric approach. Its relevance for the Russian undergraduate and graduate students is dictated by the modern needs and opportunities to obtain further education in the Common European higher institutions of Germany (D), Austria (A), the German-speaking part of Switzerland (CH), as well as the opportunity to participate in various international student exchange support programs of these countries. The aim of this article is to assess the willingness of the bachelor’s and master’s students undertaking the Foreign Languages and Intercultural Communication course not only to study the classical German language but also to get familiar with the features of the standard German language in Austria and Switzerland. The pluricentric approach is based on the generally recognized theory of pluricentrism, according to which the German language is considered as a single language incorporating the national linguistic specifics in the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, and the German-speaking part of Switzerland. The article conveys the main ideas of the pluricentric theoretical research studies and covers the linguodidactic and methodological foundations in teaching pluricentric German developed by a special research group and described in the so-called ABCB theses. The readiness of students to learn German in the diversity of the linguistic and cultural national specifics of the DACH-Länder is one of the basic requirements of the pluricentric approach. The conducted research allowed assessing the readiness of the bachelor’s and master’s students to study the classical German language, taking into account the existing distinctive linguistic features of the standard German language in Austria and Switzerland. The research was based on the questionnaire method in the form of a written poll. Given the results of the research, students of the bachelor’s and master’s programs are equally willing to learn the standard Austrian and Swiss German vocabulary in the German language classes. Among bachelors, 70% prefer the vocabulary of the Austrian version and 65% of the Swiss version of German; among master’s students, 75% want to learn the vocabulary of both the Austrian and the Swiss versions of German. Besides, knowledge of the features of the standard German language DACH-Länder is considered as a prerequisite for traveling and further education in these countries. These statistics confirm the high motivation of the bachelor’s and master’s students to study German applying the pluricentric approach. The students also demonstrated the thoughtful choice of the Second Language Country Studies as a discipline for studying German, taking into account the diversity of the linguistic and cultural national specifics of DACH-Länder.
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Fiedler, Sabine, and Agnes Wohlfarth. "Language choices and practices of migrants in Germany." Language Problems and Language Planning 42, no. 3 (June 28, 2018): 267–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00023.fie.
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Abstract The language uses of twenty migrants in Germany who have English in their language repertoires are investigated through semi-structured interviews and qualitative content analysis. The findings suggest that in occupation-related situations and daily life, these migrants resort to English in situations that are too difficult to handle in German. For most of them this is only temporary, before they have a sufficient command of German. Whether and how well migrants learn German depends on factors such as the planned length of stay, the demand for the language in their professional field, previous migration experiences, and personality. Most of the interviewees had taken language classes and were highly motivated to learn German, as English is not always a viable option for communication in Germany and because they considered proficiency in German a sign of respect. The use of German and English as a lingua franca were the two major mediation strategies, along with language technologies like Google Translate, while some interviewees reported successful use of intercomprehension.
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SAKOVETS, Svetlana Aleksandrovna, Sofya Vladimirovna KUDRYASHOVA, and Marina Georgievna KALININA. "ASPECTS OF TEACHING TRANSLATION IN THE FIELD OF PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION (ON THE MATERIAL OF LEGAL TEXTS IN GERMAN AND SPANISH)." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 177 (2018): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2018-23-177-16-29.
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We analyze methods of teaching foreign legal vocabulary, legal texts translation that are important for the student translation skills development as well as to compare the linguistic and national cultural specifics of German, Spanish and Russian legal texts. The research material is jurisprudence area in German and Spanish and national legal systems since specialized translation requires preliminary (background) knowledge to understand a legal text properly. The students of the legal Spanish/German language must have the language competence allowing to make a translation close to the original text. The research material is the criminal and civil codes of Germany and Spain, dictionaries of legal German and Spanish languages, publications of periodicals, linguistic scientific articles and monographs. The need of study the methods of teaching foreign legal language and translating legal texts is quite evident on the universal contemporary background of the dynamic development of cross-cultural communication. The specifics of the German and Spanish legal languages, their structural and semantic features, functioning and methods of translating the legal texts are not studied thoroughly. This makes our study highly relevant to present works. In the given research we used descriptive and comparative methods, the method of lexicographic selection developed in the analysis of German verbs of possession as well as the interpretative analysis of legal German and Spanish languages.
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Fries-Dieckmann, Marion. "Beckett and the German Language: Text and Image." Samuel Beckett Today / Aujourd'hui 18, no. 1 (October 1, 2007): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757405-018001015.
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The significance of German, which is Beckett's third language, is an as yet unconsidered issue in Beckett research. This article aims at illustrating Beckett's affinities to German and his strong influence on the German translations of his works. I would like to argue that this is above all due to the transparency of the German lexicon. This becomes evident from Beckett's own productions in Germany. Serving two levels of images – the images evoked by language and the images presented on stage – he deliberately plays text and image off against each other. Thus German holds a key position in his work.
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Zabarjad, Kakhorova. "The Role Of Language Competence In The German Language." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 02, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 404–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue12-69.
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Sarakaeva, Elina. "Review of the Butler’s edition of “German Cuisine: Refined, Soulful and Delicious (Mini Recipe-Book)”." Studia Alimentaria 1, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/saj.v1i1.7.
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This work reviews a cookbook published in the Butler series “German cuisine: exquisite, soulful and delicious (mini recipe book)”. Germany: Naumann and Göbel. Volume: 240 pages. Illustrations: 138. Date of publication: December 15, 2010. ISBN: 978-3625126881. Hard cover. Language: German1
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Særheim, Inge. "Low German influence on the Scandinavian languages in late medieval times – some comments on loan words, word-forming, syntactic structures and names." AmS-Skrifter, no. 27 (January 6, 2020): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/ams-skrifter.v0i27.270.
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There was a strong influence from the Low German language on the languages in Scandinavia in late medieval times due to the considerable economical and cultural contact and interaction between northern Germany and the Scandinavian countries in this period, especially the Hanse trade. The vocabulary was especially affected, but also the grammatical structure and names. Some place-names from south-western Norway seem to reflect Low German influence. The loans from Low German are well integrated and adjusted to the structure of the Scandinavian languages.
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Hanna, Аdamova, Yevtimova Diana, Plokhotna Valeriia, Zahura Oksana, and Chernenko Tetiana. "Functioning of Directive Speech Acts in Modern German Linguistic Culture." World Journal of English Language 12, no. 8 (October 17, 2022): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v12n8p212.
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The speakers have a large amount of personal freedom when expressing their opinions in German. In general, Germans do not feel the need to say what you should or should not do/have in a direct manner. This can be seen through many different types of linguistic behaviors such as mimicking and directive speech acts (DSAs). The DSAs are called directive, because they often include an order or command in the speaker's words. The way how people use these DSAs varies in German culture depending on situational factors and social norms. The development of the linguistic culture in Germany, i.e., change in attitudes toward language use, has made directive speech acts more and more acceptable over time. This is illustrated by a comparison of two representative surveys conducted twenty years apart. The first representative study on directive speech acts focuses on directives addressed to learners of German as a foreign language, while the other deals with directives addressed to tourists visiting Germany.
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Coşkun, Hasan. "A lesson design of the subject of local cuisine as a course unit in language teaching." Journal of Education Culture and Society 12, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 479–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs2021.1.479.503.
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Aim. In Turkey, German ranks second after English as a foreign language in private courses, schools, and universities. There is an important relation between the selection of the subject of German courses, i.e., the detailed planning of the courses, and the implementation of the appropriate method. In this research, the subject of cuisine was planned for teaching German at universities. The purpose of this research is the preparation, implementation and evaluation of a sample lesson focused on the selection of the subject of cuisine for German courses taught in the universities. Methods. This research on cuisine was qualitative in nature. The document analysis technique was used in the research (Kuş, 2007; Yıldırım & Şimşek, 2008). During the 2018/2019 academic year the researcher taught on the subject of cuisine selection in his German courses. The implementation and evaluation of the subject of cuisine are developed by Hasan Coşkun (2020) in accordance with the lesson planning model previously prepared. The materials used in this lesson are prepared according to the model developed by Coşkun (2020). The unit on cuisine has been revised for this article. Result and Conclusion. The success of the lesson planning model mentioned in this article was also observed in the activities conducted earlier. It was also seen that the students who attended German courses in connection with education or work in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland exerted efforts in establishing contact with the instructor and with other students attending the class. It was observed that participants talked about the Turkish, German, and Chinese cuisine in their families, peer groups, restaurants, and snack bars. In addition to the subject discussed in the class, the method implemented in the lesson and the planning of the course according to the method, play an important role in the continuation of the students’ interest. Therefore, effective lesson planning models should be developed. This lesson model is also applicable to other languages. Originality. German is offered as a foreign language in Turkish schools in the second grade. Consequently, German is usually chosen as a second foreign language after English. Students from all the departments of the university may attend the elective German language classes to study or work in Germany. The condition for participation in the courses “German for Erasmus” and “German for Communication,” taught by the researcher, aims to prepare the students to read and speak German at the A2 level. It is frequently observed that the participants speak German at different levels. The overseas experience of the participants, the level of their German and their knowledge of other languages play an important role in this respect. In recent years, the number of course participants from Germany and other countries have increased. The students who had been in German speaking countries within the Erasmus program participate in German courses to maintain their fluency in the German language. To conduct the courses effectively, a suitable method should be developed and such an approach will help the participants who come from different countries and students with different levels of fluency. It is believed that this inter-disciplinary research will contribute to the use of the active method during German lessons.
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Bukharov, V. M., and O. V. Baykova. "Interaction and Interference of Languages in Bilingual Germans of the Vyatka Region of Russia." NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 19, no. 2 (June 9, 2021): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2021-19-2-5-18.
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The article examines the interaction of the German and Russian languages in the speech of bilingual Germans who were born and live in a Russian-speaking environment in the Vyatka region of Russia. This task involves the study of their usage, interference (including phonetic, lexical and syntactic assimilation), as well as borrowings and code-switching. The dialects of the Russian Germans of the Vyatka region have a status of migrant and belong to a category of vanishing supraregional linguistic entities. The function of this variety of language is to provide a link between the native German language of the immigrants (L1) and Russian, their major surrounding language (L2). In addition, the German language of the Vyatka region reflects new linguistic contacts caused by multiple forced migrations during the Second World War. As a result of these mass relocations, some new processes in interaction of dialects arose, not observed in their mother colonies. The resulting variety of usage can be referred to as a German-Russian interlanguage. Before the World War II, all German dialects for more than two centuries have been confined in Russia to enclaves (or dialect islands). After mass deportations, they transformed both geographically and, for certain dialects, in terms of social composition. Taking this into account, the study of their interactions acquires greater importance for understanding similar processes associated with modern intercultural language contacts, in general. These changes in the language environment boosted linguistic interference at all levels; they also account for the tendency to bilingual behavior common both for speakers of standard and dialectal German. Our analysis of these processes is based on the interviews with bilingual Germans of the Vyatka region of Russia recorded during dialectological trips to this enclave. The study identifies and describes phonetic interactions (both segmental and supersegmental), morphological and syntactic interferences in the Russian and German speech of the Germans of this dialect island. All these processes in L1 and L2, as well as their distortion and mixing, are typical for the mechanisms governing their bilingual performance as well as the degree of its stability.
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Shesterina, E. A. "Aesthetic perception of the Russian sound speech by Germans (a case study of German internet forums)." Linguistics & Polyglot Studies 7, no. 5 (January 3, 2022): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2021-5-29-102-110.
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The article is devoted to the aesthtic assessment of the sound of Russian speech as reflected in German Internet forums. Segmental and suprasegmental features of Russian pronunciation which evoke in native speakers of German empathy and / or antipathy towards Russian sounding speech, are described. The ordinary Germans' naive assessment of Russian souding speech differs from that by professional linguists. Germans who are not familiar with the theoretical basis of the phonetic structure of the Russian language pay attention, first of all, to those pronunciation features that are not characteristic of the phonetic basis of the German language. Among them on segmental level are the following: trembling sonant [r̥], vowel [ᵻ] and back-lingual slit [ɣ] after vowels [e], [i] and consonants [lʲ], [nʲ], [j], the pronunciation of which in German in this position is pronounced as ich-Laut [ç]. The Germans also seem to dislike clusters of consonants that are absent in the German language, for example, -рск-, -здр- etc. The presence of these sounds in the Russian language allows ordinary Germans to characterize Russian sounding speech as rude, despite the remarks of the Germans that there are many “soft” sounds i.e. palatalized consonants in the Russian language. The main difference at the suprasegmental level, which in the scientific literature is designated as the opposition of the German “staccato” and Russian “legato”, finds its confirmation in the statements of German members of the forum. The rhythmic organization of Russian speech is assessed by common Germans as discordant and indistinct, since, unlike German speech, Russian speech is characterized by relaxed articulation, non-forced vocalization, an extended melodic range and an irregular rhythmic patterns. In addition, the use of different pitch movements in friendly and aggressive communication encourages Germans to qualify the speech of Russian speakers in obvious situations of friendly communication as confrontational.
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Kamusella, Tomasz. "The Jewess Hana, or Antisemitism in the Soviet Bloc." Narracje o Zagładzie, no. 1(7) (May 18, 2021): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/noz.2021.07.17.
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The article is devoted to the first novel of the Sorbian writer Jurij Koch entitled Židowka Hana [The Jewess Hana], published in 1963. Curiously, it contains in its title the ethnonym “Jewess,” which breached the antisemitic line then adopted across the Soviet bloc. Perhaps, this ideological transgression explains why this novel was not translated into German or the bloc’s other languages during the communist period. Sorbian-language novels were (and still are) few and apart, so the East German authorities, for the sake of the official promotion of minority cultures, supported thetranslation of them into German and other “socialist languages.” But not in this case. The important work languished half-forgotten in its Upper Sorbian original and in the 1966 Lower Sorbian translation. Only three decades after the fall of communism and the reunification of Germany, the author prepared and successfully published the German-language version of this novel in 2020.
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Russ, Charles V. J. "GERMAN STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 57, no. 1 (January 2, 1995): 627–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2222-4297-90000771.
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Russ, Charles V. J. "GERMAN STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 58, no. 1 (December 22, 1996): 681–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90000135.
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