Journal articles on the topic 'German 20th century Biography'
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1
Alheit, Peter, and Bettina Dausien. "A brief history of biographical research in Germany." Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa (Auto)biográfica 3, no. 9 (December 20, 2018): 749–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31892/rbpab2525-426x.2018.v3.n9.p749-764.
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The contribution gives a brief historical insight in the beginning and the drastic change of biographical thinking particularly in the educational sphere. Biography is a theme addressed by German educational sciences ever since its historical beginnings in the late 18th century. The discovery of the autonomous, educated, middle-class subject is rooted in that interest in biography, which also shaped the process of “biographisation” of the lower social strata a century later. Even post-modern and post-structural criticism of the ‘subject’ towards the end of the 20th century has a lasting influence on educational science. Understanding the historical background and the consequences of this threefold change of ideas in the concept of “biography” in the German tradition is the aim of this article.
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Becker, Heike. "Writing Genocide." Matatu 50, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): 361–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05002002.
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Abstract In this article I read several recently published novels that attempt to write the early 20th century Namibian experience of colonial war and genocide. Mari Serebrov’s Mama Namibia, Lauri Kubuitsile’s The Scattering and Jaspar Utley’s The Lie of the Land set out to write the genocide and its aftermath. Serebrov and Kubuitsile do so expressly from the perspective of survivors; their main characters are young Herero women who live through war and genocide. This sets Mama Namibia and The Scattering apart from the earlier literature, which—despite an enormous divergence of political and aesthetic outlooks—tended to be written from the perspective of German male protagonists. The Lie of the Land, too, scores new territory in postcolonial literature. I read these recent works of fiction against an oral history-based biography, in which a Namibian author, Uazuvara Katjivena, narrates the story of his grandmother who survived the genocide.
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Schmidt, Henrike. "Zwischen Literaturgeschichte und Zeitgenossenschaft." Zeitschrift für Slawistik 64, no. 1 (March 2, 2019): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2019-0002.
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Summary The article serves as an introduction to the thematic cluster of papers devoted to the work of Bulgarian poet and literary theoretician Pencho Slaveykov (1866–1912), which present the outcomes of a workshop dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the poet at the Department of Slavic and Hungarian Studies, Humboldt University (Berlin 2016; supported by the German Research Foundation DFG). As Slaveykov, while a leading representative of Bulgarian modern literature, is not an established figure in comparative literary studies, the paper sketches briefly the biography of the author, or rather the “biographemes” out of which he constructs his self-representation. In summarizing the main findings of the cluster contributions, it outlines the ways in which Slaveykov and his work—as a phenomenon ‘untimely’ to his era—have been embedded into the narratives of Bulgarian literary history of the 20th and early 21st century, which reach from postmodernism and postcolonialism to new engagement, or to entangled histories.
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Szaruga (Wirpsza), Leszek (Aleksander). "On various kinds of involvement of Avant-Garde." Tekstualia 4, no. 59 (December 20, 2019): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6443.
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The article analyses selected poems and tractates of poetry, with a special focus on the solutions regarding versifi cation, rhythm, and language (dialectological structures, syntactical forms and neologisms characteristic of poetic writing in Polish and Russian, as well as the contexts of English and German languages). Because the author attempts to distinguish the specifi city of poetry and the most important areas of literary biography in selected areas, he asks what the ways of poetry are, trying to present his point of view about the intellectual climate of the end of the 19th century, when the refl ection of language was the strongest and fundamental sign to identity. Besides, he shows what happened in the poetry of Marinetti, Majakowski, Benn, Brecht, Becher, Pound, Jasieński, Brzechwa, and Czyżewski. The article deals with the problem of historical, sociological, political, cultural and religious dialogue in poetry. The dialogue is dedicated to the search of a new language of expression. The author presents what the status of the poetry is at the beginning of the 20th century and what are the ways of poetry spreading and using language as a medium not only of communication, but also an identifi cation of unbelievable, impossibility, and as a consequence what are the strategies in poetry in addition to language (Russian and Polish, but also English and German). All of these paradigms determined functions of lyrics, which can be named an intertextual creativity. The author tries to answer the fundamental question about human condition and identity, the meaning of poetic sign, individual human possibilities towards history and politics, as well as the ways of using different connections with literature, art, religion (especially mysticism), philosophy and intertextual components which described the worldview of poetry.
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Bozhuk, Anton. "To the Question of Chronology of the Organization of the Ukrainian Intelligentsia of Sevastopol "Kobzar" at the Beginning of the 20th Century." Ukrainian Studies, no. 2(83) (July 24, 2022): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.2(83).2022.259388.
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The study is devoted to the question of time, period and forms of existence and changes in the leadership of the organization of the Ukrainian intellectuals “Kobzar”, founded in the early twentieth century in Sevastopol and associated with the name of engineer Levko Matsiievych, who was one of the most prominent Ukrainian activists of national movement in the city in said period of time. According to available data, the secret organization “Kobzar”, nameless at the time, was founded in 1901 on the basis of an amateur workers' theater in the People's House of Sevastopol, which operated as a group of Ukrainian dramatic art lovers under the direction of Levko Matsiievych and Oleksandr Kovalenko. Members of the organization established branches among the employees of the seaport and garrison of Sevastopol, later joining the Ukrainianization of local military units. The organization could be involved in the united autonomous community of Sevastopol, which was part of the General Non-Party Ukrainian Organization. According to available data, in 1905/1906 the organization “Kobzar” either began legal activities under the leadership of Levko Matsiievych or started any at all but data from Matsiievych's biography in 1906–1908 does not allow us to claim that he led the organization “Kobzar” or engaged in public activities in Sevastopol at all. From 1905 to 1907, the organization “Kobzar” was the center of the Ukrainian national and public movement, which united servicemen of the Black Sea Fleet and civilians of Sevastopol. In March–April 1917, virtually all members of the organization “Kobzar” joined the Main Council of the Ukrainian Black Sea Community. Subsequently, existing in various forms under German, Bolshevik, Denikin and Wrangel rule in Crimea, the Ukrainian national formation of Sevastopol ceased to exist in the late 1920s with the establishment of Soviet power on the peninsula.
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Mitlyanskaya, Maria. "Rectorship of Martin Heidegger: Historical and Philosophical Analysis." Ideas and Ideals 12, no. 3-1 (September 23, 2020): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2020-12.3.1-121-133.
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The idea of reorganizing a German university was revealed in the correspondence of the young Martin Heidegger and his friend Karl Jaspers. Prominent thinkers critically analyze the contribution of contemporaries and representatives of the previous generation of scientists and philosophers. Ambitious and confident in their abilities, they hatched a plan, as it seemed to them, for the most important mission: the revival of the spirit of genuine philosophy within the walls of German universities. Repeatedly emphasized in their correspondence in the 1920s - such a high goal will require the reduction of professors of philosophy and "cleansing" of universities from the prospering mediocrity. Despite spiritual aspirations, these philosophers were aware of the need for career growth. Without a proper position, it was impossible to, at least, make any changes in the current system of higher German education and academic philosophy. The author of this article believes that the same thoughts of Heidegger lay at the basis of the ideas expressed in correspondence with Jaspers and in the decision to accept the post of the rector of the University of Freiburg, which played a fatal role in his biography. The period of the duties of the rector Martin Heidegger is covered by the so-called «Black Notebooks». The author of the article departs from the widely used biographical approach in favor of a historical and philosophical analysis of passages of that creation time. The main objective of this work is to identify the basic categories of the being-historical concept of M. Heidegger, manifested in criticism of the academic university philosophy of German universities at the beginning of the 20th century. The philosophy of being history is first touched upon in the aforementioned Black Notebooks. In the volumes of the collected works “Beiträge zur Philosophie”, “Das Ereignis”, “Die Geschichte des Seyns”, addressed by the author of the article, the main part of the being-historical concept is revealed. The leading research method is historical philosophical, which determines the relationship between the fundamental ontological intuitions of the German master and his analysis of factuality, in particular, criticism of German university philosophy. In the framework of this article, the historical philosophical method includes the hermeneutical method, which is necessary when working with the specific language of Heidegger's works, which requires a thorough interpretation.
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Dedinkin, M. O. "Friedrich Wilhelm Brass, Creator of the Genossenschaft for Proletarian Art in Berlin: the First Experience of a Biography." Art & Culture Studies, no. 3 (August 2022): 38–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.51678/2226-0072-2022-3-38-63.
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The purpose of this article is to study the life and activity of Friedrich Wilhelm Brass, founder of Genossenschaft for Proletarian Art in Berlin (1920). Friedrich Wilhelm Brass (1873–1931) throughout his life sought to combine the commercial interests of a contemporary art dealer with the ideas of the social reorganization of the world. One of the first to call himself a communist in Germany, he created in 1920 in Berlin the Genossenschaft for Proletarian Art, the collection of which became the first contemporary western art brought to Soviet Russia. On the basis of this collection kept in the Hermitage and the Russian Academy of Arts, archival materials and work in museum collections in Germany, the history of the emergence of the Genossenschaft in Berlin in 1920, the composition of the participants and the biography of its creator are reconstructed. The relevance and novelty of the article is due to the lack of scientific research on this issue discovered by the author in his works. The life path of F.W. Brass is consistently considered. Trained as a craftsman in Krefeld, Brass made several attempts to establish an art trade there, primarily aimed at the workers’ milieu. A member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, he tried to interest the party in the prospect of such educational and agitational work. These initiatives proved to be financially untenable. Brass later worked at the German Workshops Hellerau, where the manufacturer Karl Schmidt implemented a project for the mass production of furniture designed by leading European designers and oriented to the widest and most democratic market. During the First World War, Brass was mobilized and spent several years in captivity in Russia, where he met the revolution and returned to Germany in 1919 as a convinced supporter of the communist reorganization of the world. After the November Revolution, several artistic organizations arose in Berlin, whose activities were directed towards the proletariat (the Workers’ Council for Art, the Association of Socialist Artists, the Union for Proletarian Culture, the Proletarian Theatre of Erwin Piscator, etc.). Among them was the Genossenschaft for Proletarian Art of the communist Brass, who collected the works of left-wing artists, mainly expressionists of the first and second generation. Like most of these artistic initiatives, the Brass Genossenschaft could not survive the economic crisis. The unique collection of the Genossenschaft was acquired during a trip to Germany by Comintern Chairman G. Zinoviev in October 1920 and brought to Soviet Russia. Later, during the years of the Weimar Republic, Brass no longer undertook such ambitious projects, continuing to trade in the works of left-wing artists. He worked in Hagen and Düsseldorf, where he died in 1931. The author comes to the conclusion that the figure of Brass represents a new type of entrepreneur for the art market of the 20th century, focused primarily on the promotion of the latest art among the workers, agitation for a new life in the language of art.
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Kersffeld, Daniel. "Beyond the borders. Ahmed Hassan Mattar and his activism between Africa and South America." Culture & History Digital Journal 11, no. 2 (November 16, 2022): e025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2022.025.
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The biography of Ahmed Hassan Mattar expressed the multiple identity lines assumed by those revolutionary cadres of the first decades of the 20th century, who emerged in a colonial and neocolonial world and developed their political activity in different settings and distant spheres of their own culture. The story of A. H. Mattar is, therefore, that of a militant and journalist of Sudanese origin who developed his political work in Africa, especially in Morocco, together with Abd el-Krim, the warlord of the Rif, as well as in European countries such as France and Germany, once incorporated into the Communist International. However, it would be in South America, in countries like Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, where he would stand out not only in anti-imperialist struggles but also as a chronicler and community leader of communities of Arab origin, even producing original empirical and statistical research. In sum, Mattar’s course can be seen as that of an activist who understood the social reality of a certain time and who assumed politics as a commitment to fight against colonialism and imperialism.
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Gieda, Aurelijus. "Augustinas Voldemaras: intelektualinės biografijos eskizas ir kai kurie tarpdisciplininės orientacijos pavyzdžiai." Sociologija. Mintis ir veiksmas 33, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 159–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/socmintvei.2013.2.3805.
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Santrauka. Viena kontroversiškiausių tarpukario Lietuvos asmenybių ir šiandien lieka Augustinas Voldemaras (1883–1942). Stipriai įvairuoja ne tik jo politinės, tačiau ir akademinės veiklos vertinimai. A. Voldemaras turėjo klasikinės filologijos išsilavinimą, domėjosi visuotine ir Lietuvos istorija, buvo neabejingas filosofiniams ir sociologiniams klausimams. Šio straipsnio tikslas – išryškinti tuos A. Voldemaro intelektualinės biografijos kontekstus, kuriuose itin stipriai persipina tam tikros tarpdisciplininės aspiracijos. Straipsnyje žvelgiama į ankstyvą A. Voldemaro susidomėjimą istorijos teorijos ir metodologijos problematika, į A. Voldemaro intelektualinius impulsus Peterburgo ir Permės laikotarpiais (1900–1917), į akademinius mokytojus, kuriuos vienas pirmųjų lietuvių Peterburgo universiteto docentų vėliau ne kartą pagarbiai prisimindavo. III deš. A. Voldemaras įsitraukė į vienu iš naujosios istorijos (nouvelle histoire) tėvų vadinamo Henri Berro nuo 1925 m. inicijuotą Tarptautinį sintezės centrą (Centre International de Synthèse), kuris tuometinėje Europoje tapo vienu ryškiausių tarpdisciplininių studijų centrų. Nors ir nėra pakankamai duomenų, leidžiančių pagrįstai svarstyti apie šio įsitraukimo mastą, viena aišku, kad Voldemaras priklausė Tarptautinio sintezės centro Istorinės sintezės sekcijos narių grupei, taip bent formaliai įsiterpdamas tarp ryškių to meto Europos istorikų, sociologų ir filosofų. Tai įgalina ir provokuoja įsigilinti į tuos A. Voldemaro biografijos momentus, kuriuose ryškėja jo intelektualinė pozicija, laiduojanti ar numatanti artimesnius ryšius tarp humanitarinių ir socialinių mokslų.
Pagrindiniai žodžiai: Voldemaras, intelektualinė biografija, istorijos teorija, tarpisciplinariškumas, integruotas žinojimas, Tarptautinis sintezės centras.
Key words: Voldemaras, intellectual biography, theory of history, interdisciplinarity, integrated knowledge, Centre International de Synthèse.
ABSTRACT
AUGUSTINAS VOLDEMARAS: A SKETCH OF INTELLECTUAL BIOGRAPHYAND CERTAIN EXAMPLES OF INTERDISCIPLINARY ORIENTATION
The article takes a look at one of the most controversial personalities of inter-war Lithuania. Augustinas Voldemaras (1883–1942) was educated in classical philology, had a keen interest in universal history and the history of Lithuania and an additional concern in philosophical and sociological issues. A consistent search for integrated and synthetic knowledge, openness to philosophical questions and his disposition to polylogical cooperation of disciplines are some of the principal moments in his intellectual biography. Therefore, the present study attempts to highlight certain contexts of Voldemaras’ intellectual biography, witnessing the tightly intertwining interdisciplinarity, aspirations of some type.While a student, Voldemaras found himself in the environment where the problems of ancient history were addressed at the European level and where attempts were made to bring the research on the classical era carried out in pre-revolutionary Russia closer to Germany, being the leader in this sphere.The openness to interdisciplinary search, postulates of integrated and synthetic knowledge that manifested over a long-term, not to mention his philosophical quests and attempts in the field of history, brought Voldemaras closer to the prominent European philosophical movement Centre International de Synthèse founded by Henri Berr, linked by special ties with the formation of one of the most outstanding 20th century schools of history The Annales School. Voldemaras belonged to the History Section of Henri Berr’s Centre International de Synthèse, thus finding a niche among the distinguished representatives of social sciences and the humanities of that time. There is no wonder that in this respect, Voldemaras established himself in Lithuanian historiography as one of the pioneer figures attempting to overcome the disciplinary isolation of sciences, their one-sided empiricism or the lack of a broader approach towards history. The attention paid by Voldemaras to the philosophical issues of identification of history as a science, deliberate attribution of an important role to theory in social sciences and the humanities, the highlight of interdisciplinary initiatives in these sciences are what add the aspect of appeal to his intellectual biography. Voldemaras himself becomes one of the most interesting Lithuanian intellectuals of the first half of the 20th century.
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Radaeva, E. A. "EXPRESSIONIST WORLDVIEW IN THE CONTEXT OF CULTURE OF THE 1960S. (BASED ON THE WORK OF T. BERNHARD)." Izvestiya of the Samara Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Social, Humanitarian, Medicobiological Sciences 23, no. 81 (2021): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/2413-9645-2021-23-81-89-97.
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In this article, the author examines the features of the expressionist worldview in the context of the culture of the second half of the 20th century, specifically, the 1960s. And in this regard, it is most appropriate to turn first of all to the most prominent representative of the Austrian literature of those years (Austria, Germany - the historical birthplace of expressionism) - Thomas Bernhard. The author comes to the conclusion that despite the epoch-making discoveries of those years and scientific and technological progress, mostly positive changes in the world, there is always a place for a confused consciousness: modern man, in the words of V. Worringer, uttered back in 1909, “about -opposes the image of the universe as lost, as helpless as primitive man. In the bosom of the 1960s, when other creative personalities around the world protest and rebellion have a fairly clear direction, the expressionist supposedly sums up all the world's discontent and gives it out through the "violent register of his feelings" (although often this discontent is caused by facts exclusively of his own biography, childhood traumas), thereby organically fitting into the era. The material of the study was the work of the above-mentioned writer of the early 1960s: the novel "The Cold", the stories "Culterer" and "Preferance".
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Wincencjusz-Patyna, Anita. "Attractive lives on attractive pages. Polish illustrated biographical books for young readers." Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji 34, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.4847.
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This paper focuses on an exceptionally interesting kind of books dedicated to young readers, quite popular recently in Poland, namely picture biography books for children and teenagers. Polish publishing houses, especially Muchomor from Warsaw, for the last few years have been coming up with a number of intriguing titles, both in the matter of words, and also in their graphic contents, especially the series “Gdansk Trilogy”. Brave ideas, young talents, novel artistic solutions, and original illustrations make the lives of famous people, not so very well-known figures and some unknown names – from both far and near, homeland and neighbourhood history – attractive reading matter. The author also looks back at the history of Polish illustrations included in biographies published in the second half of the 20th century. By combining the traditions of Polish applied graphic art with its up-to-date condition the author wants to trace the impact of the old and the novelty of contemporary books. She wants to stress the expressive power of an image turning illustrations into independent works of art. The number of illustrations and the graphic concept of an up-to-date language of visual forms make them genuine picture stories (especially in the designs by Ignerska). By means of comparative analyses of form and style, as well as a theory of image, she is going to focus on features of the visual side of the aforementioned books. The author would also like to stress the change in the way of perceiving the common history of places with such a complicated history as Gdańsk itself (in which Elisabeth and Johannes Hevelius, Fahrenheit, Schopenhauer, despite their German roots, are treated as part of the common heritage).
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Kaleda, V. I. "Christiaan N. Barnard (1922–2001) and his path to heart transplantation." Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya 21, no. 3S (September 22, 2017): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2017-3s-92-100.
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<p>First human-to-human heart transplantation performed on the 3th of December 1967 in Cape Town has become one of the most striking events in the history of medicine in 20th century. It also made an unknown surgeon Christiaan Barnard a world celebrity. Nowadays heart transplantation has become a routine procedure in many countries. Nevertheless, the happenings which took place 50 years ago are still exciting with the determination, courage and charisma of those who were related to this history. This paper describes the circumsances of the first heart transplantation and provides the biography of Ch. Barnard whose name is inextricably linked to this event.</p><p>Received 4 September 2017. Accepted 7 October 2017.</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> The study did not have sponsorship.<br /><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> The author declares no conflict of interest.<br /><strong>Acknowledgements:</strong><br />I express my gratitude to prof. Vladimir V. Alexi-Meskishvili (Berlin, Germany), Р. Тоов из Архивов Университета Миннесоты (Миннеаполис, США), К. Петерсон из Национального музея американской истории (Вашингтон, США), Д. Смит из Хелс энд Медикал Паблишинг Гроуп (Претория, ЮАР) and Sergey Yu. Boldyrev (Krasnodar, Russia) for the illustrations used in this paper.</p>
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Woltanowska, Martyna, Piotr Woltanowski, Andrzej Wincewicz, and Magdalena Woltanowska. "Heritage of Stanisław Ostrowski - the only one medical doctor who became State Polish President - Patriae Semper Fidelis." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 91, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-883.
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Aim. Our purpose was to write a biography of Stanisław Ostrowski that would address in the first place the medical aspect of his professional life, with a comprehensive approach of others fields of his activity.Methods. We essentially grounded the paper on primary resources that were papers authored by Ostrowski including his scientific publications, memories, speeches as well as contemporaneous official documents that referred to Ostrowski. Second resources were also used to double check some data from primary resources and to place the biography of Stanisław Ostrowski in a proper background with special care to social, professional and political context. In this study, second resources comprised papers, that were prepared after the death of Stanisław Ostrowski.Results. Stanisław Ostrowski, MD was a meticulous military medical doctor with an academic engagement at the King John Casimir University of Lvov. In addition, he was an excellent organizer, who soon got involved in politics to serve the local community with essential projects in public health particularly anti-tuberculosis campaigns in Lvov district. His quiet and proficient nature made him an ideal statesman with incredible skills to reconcile social, national and political enemies. Ostrowski was elected a member of parliament three times. He also held the position of President of the city of Lvov until World War Two. During the war, he was imprisoned and deported to Siberia, Soviet Union, in years 1939-1941. Subsequently he fought against Nazi Germans in the Polish II Corps. Ostrowski survived the war providing medical service in the various military units. Afterwards, he ran his medical practice in the UK. Stanisław Ostrowski was the only dermatologist who became a state president. He held an office of state president of the Polish Republic on exile in London.Discussion and conclusion. His life is not a simple story, but a great lesson that provides clear guidelines how to find a stable ground for lifetime being a medical doctor in the turbulent times of the 20th century even during wartime.
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Bosiljka, Lalević-Vasić M. "Biography of Dr. Đorđe-Đurica Đorđević, Founder of the Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade/Biografija dr Đorđa - Đurice Đorđevića, osnivača Klinike za dermatovenerologiju i venerologiju u Beogradu." Serbian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjdv-2014-0004.
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Abstract Đorđe Đorđević, a Serb from Croatia, was born in Grubišno polje (Croatia) on April 22, 1885. He studied medicine in Vienna and graduated in 1909. Till 1912, he advanced his knowledge working at dermatology clinics with Prof. Finger and Prof. Arning, as well as with Prof. Weichselbaum, professor of pathological anatomy and bacteriology. From 1912 he worked in Zagreb, at the Dermatology Department of the Brothers of Mercy Hospital, and during World War I as a military doctor at the Dermatology Department and the Zagreb Outpatient Department (Second kolodvor). After the war, in 1918, he moved to Belgrade, where he was the Head of the Polyclinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases, and in 1922 he became an Assistant Professor of Dermatology at the School of Medicine in Belgrade. In the same year, he founded the Department of Dermatovenereology at the School of Medicine in Belgrade and the Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases, of which he was also the Head. In 1923, he became an Associate Professor, and in 1934 a Full Professor. He is given credit for passing legislation on prostitution and banning brothels. The professional work of Prof. Đorđe Đorđević encompasses all areas of dermatology, including his special interest in experimental studies in the field of venereology. He organized medical-research trips to study people’s health status, and his teams visited the South Serbia (today Macedonia), Sandžak and Montenegro. In 1927, he founded the Dermatovenereology Section of the Serbian Medical Society (19) and the Association of Dermatovenereologists of Yugoslavia. He was the chairman of the I, II and III Yugoslav Congress of Dermatology in Belgrade, and of the II Congress of the Pan-Slavic Association of Dermatovenereologists with international participation. He was an honorary member of the Bulgarian, Czechoslovakian, Polish and Danish Dermatological Societies, as well as a regular member of the Association of French Speaking Dermatologists, and of French, German and Biology Society. He was the Vice dean of the School of Medicine. He died suddenly on April 27, 1935, shortly after his 50th birthday, and was mourned by colleagues, friends and students. On the first anniversary of his death, his family, friends and colleagues established a ”Foundation of Dr. Đorđe-Đurica Đorđević” meant for ”doctors and health workers”. Unfortunately, the foundation was disestablished in the early eighties of the 20th century.
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Sergay, Timothy D. ""A Music of Letters": Reconsidering Eikhenbaum's "Melodics of Verse"." Slavic and East European Journal 59, no. 2 (2015): 194–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.30851/59.2.002.
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Boris Eikhenbaum’s daring study of verse intonation, The Melodics of the Russian Lyric Verse [Melodika russkogo liricheskogo stikha], published by OPOIAZ in 1922, was a landmark text in Eikhenbaum’s biography and the history of Russian Formalism. This retrospective review-essay sets Melodics in multiple contexts. These include the “phonocentrism” of early 20th-century Russian culture, the interest in Germano-American Ohrenphilologie (aural or acoustic philology) shared by scholars of the Institute of the Living Word; Eikhenbaum’s estrangement from both the linguistics of Eduard Sievers and the circumspect academicism represented by his friend Viktor Zhirmunsky; his attraction to the early Formalist concepts of Viktor Shklovsky and Osip Brik; and even, despite his initial revulsion for Futurism, his acceptance in verse-study methodology of a Futurist concept of considerably desemanticized poetic language. A methodological critique of Melodics and related articles correlates Eikhenbaum’s interest in verse declamation with the concept of osmyslennaia intonatsiia [“meaningful or conceptualized intonation”] then being developed by the musicologist Boris Asafyev. Eikhenbaum, a serious student of the violin and piano, and the composer-theorist Asafyev noted one another’s work on speech intonation with great sympathy. They shared an interest in Mussorgsky’s conscious derivation of melos from speech, but their models of intonation, it is argued here, proved incompatible, even antithetical. A review of logical conundrums in Melodics, partly supported by Zhirmunsky’s contemporary review, focuses on a contradictory relationship to a causative model of linguistics and “technical” empiricism, and a fundamental petitio principii in Eikhenbaum’s presumption that in verses of “the melodious type” “the melodic use of speech intonation is the fundamental factor in their composition” (Melodics 17). What remains of permanent value in Melodics is a body of brilliant syntactical observations on Zhukovsky, Pushkin, Lermontov, Tiutchev, and Fet. As Eikhenbaum himself argued: “theories perish or change, but the facts discovered and established with their help remain” (Melodics 195).
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Lazirko, Nataliia. "GEORGE KAISER’S WRITING IN THE RECEPTION OF YURI KLEN." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 35 (2019): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2019.35.201-206.
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The given article deals with Klen’s research of the German dramatist George Kaiser. The main parameters of artistic universe of this author are presented in the article. There are also outlined the methodological strategies of research the German dramatist’s creativity by Yuri Klen – a well-known Ukrainian literary critic. Georg Kaiser is one of the brightest representatives of theatrical and literary expressionism. His plays are the unique phenomenon in the 20th century drama. His expressionism appeared to be the special one and the global and scope of plots allowed scientists to call G. Kaiser a «new myth creator». Among world scientists, who comprehended the features of author manner of this sign artist for history of world drama, a main place belongs to the Ukrainian literary critic – Yuri Klen. In his scientific work there is the article «George Kaiser», which an author compositionally divides into seven parts. Its pre-condition is an original metaphorical lineation (vivid registration of which is adopted from astronomy), structural-semiotics assertion that every writer creation has a basic idea or favourite main image, that can be found in many writings of the author. However, in the Ukrainian literary critic’s opinion, it is not impossible to say it on the first sight about George of Kaiser because every work of this author has a new incarnate idea, new and unexpected development of a plot, new and original interpretation of that problem which has been solved in his previous works. In the article “George Kaiser” by Yuri Klen the biographic approach can be highlighted while analyzing creative works of the German dramatist. The Ukrainian literary critic also outlines the secrets of psychology of the German artist creation in expressionism manner. Expressionism drama is always drama of ideas; therefore acting persons of this drama are not individuals, but types which helps writer to lead the general action of the characters. Yuri Klen asserts transformation of images in dramas by George of Kaiser, their original reduction up to separate characters and allegories: his characters lost the outlines of people and become symbols of idea, super individual creatures, typical samples, and logic of acting can be sacrificed for the sake of the higher logic – logic of composition and dramatic construction. Few times a researcher accents on closeness an artistic world view of the German dramatist to cubism: characters mainly don’t have the names, but appear on the stage under the names: a «father», «multimillionaire», «black», «yellow» – they are structural formulas. Summarizing these the structural-semiotics searches, Yuri Klen marks once again that in George Kayiser’s works can be found: 1) central idea of man renewing which is peculiar for all his creative work; 2) leading motive of escape-chasing and 3) element of contingency which manages events, that is a case-shove which suddenly gives dynamic of action and sets fire before a man as a distant lighthouse – dream about renewal. It is also possible to assert that researches of expressionism by some authors whose creation correlates with expressionism views demonstrates complete maturity of Yuri Klen to be a serious literary critic armed by the newest methodological approaches to study literature as theoretician and practician of literature studies.
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Toftgaard, Anders. "Landkort over en samling. Hvad katalogposterne kan fortælle om Otto Thotts håndskriftsamling – og om katalogisering." Fund og Forskning i Det Kongelige Biblioteks Samlinger 58 (March 9, 2019): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/fof.v58i0.125301.
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Anders Toftgaard: Mapping a collection. What the catalogue records can tell us about Otto Thott’s manuscript collection and about manuscript cataloguing.
This article deals with the manuscript collection of Count Otto Thott (1703-1785) and with manuscript cataloguing. Otto Thott was the single greatest private book collector in the history of Denmark and of inestimable importance for the Royal Danish Library, since he bequeathed his collection of manuscripts (4154 catalogue numbers) and books printed before 1531 (6059 catalogue numbers) to the Royal Library. In the manuscript collection, the inclusion of his collection marks the division between the Old Royal Collection (GKS) and the New Royal Collection (NKS). Many of the treasures in the rare books collection come from his library, and his definition of paleotypes (books printed before 1531) has (in the 20th c.) determined the definition of the collection of post-incunabula. Otto Thott did not write owners’ marks or notes in his books and he left very little archival material concerning the ways in which he created his library. Regrettably, the literary correspondence mentioned in his will has not survived. The article analyses a data set consisting of all catalogue records (in MARC format) concerning manuscripts from Otto Thott’s manuscript collection. These catalogue records in the library system derive from the catalogue made by Rasmus Nyerup (excluding oriental manuscripts) and published in 1795. When, towards the end of the 19th centrury, the alphabetical and the systematical catalogues of the collection of western manuscripts were produced, the entries in Nyerup’s catalogue were copied by hand without being revised. After the IT revolution, when the catalogue records of the systematical catalogue were transferred to a digital database of records, these records were copied once again without revision. It is shown what kind of errors from the catalogue of 1795 were still present in the on line catalogue in 2019. The quantitative analysis shows that the bulk of the manuscripts in Thott’s manuscript collection are manuscripts in Danish and German from Thott’s own century. The subject headings with most entries are Theology, History, History of Denmark, Danish Biography and Literature. As to provenances there is information concerning the manuscript’s provenance before the inclusion in Otto Thoot’s library in 17 % of the catalogue records. The analysis shows that Otto Thott’s manuscript collection was a universal collection with no specific preferences. The conclusion argues that it is necessary to get information from the various printed catalogs of the manuscript collection into the digital library system and that parts of Thott’s manuscript collection deserve revisiting and recataloguing. The Royal Danish Library’s manuscript collection might explore alternatives to the MARC-format for manuscript cataloguing. In a wider context, it is argued that Otto Thott’s library should be considered a knot in a network, and that data from the many book auction catalogues should be extracted and used for mapping the destinies of specific books and manuscripts.
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Pierce, Marc, David Benseler, Craig Nickisch, and Cora L. Nollendorfs. "Teaching German in 20th Century America." Die Unterrichtspraxis / Teaching German 35, no. 2 (2002): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3530963.
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Moll, Helmut. "Becoming a martyr in China: The Steyl Missionary Father Paul Buhl (1902-1944)." International Journal of Sino-Western Studies 20 (July 14, 2021): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37819/ijsws.20.119.
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To counteract oblivion. Pope John Paul II. ( 1920—2005 ) initiated a comprehensive reappraisal of the Christian victims of violence in the 20th century. The German Bishops' Conference took up this idea and asked the author of this article to compile the German Martyrology, together with 170 experts. The two-volume magnum opus “Witnesses for Christ. The German Martyrology of the 20th Century“ is available since 2019 in its seventh revised and updated edition.
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Ančić, Tanja Brešan. "German Language in Dalmatia in the Early 20th Century." Zeitschrift für Slawistik 60, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2015-0002.
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Scholl, Lars U. "Book Review: German Ocean Liners of the 20th Century." International Journal of Maritime History 1, no. 2 (December 1989): 373–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387148900100226.
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Nentwig, Lutz. "LeMO: A virtual exhibition of 20th century German history." Computer Networks 31, no. 21 (November 1999): 2237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1389-1286(99)00099-7.
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Khulap, Vladimir Fedorovich. "German Protestant Theology of History in the 20th Century." Христианское чтение, no. 4 (2022): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47132/1814-5574_2022_4_148.
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Ebanoidse, Igor А. "Karl Jaspers’ “Question of German Guilt” in the Context of the German Self-Criticism." History of Philosophy Yearbook 27 (December 28, 2022): 36–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0134-8655-2022-37-36-57.
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On the example of German philosophical thought of the first half of the 20th century, the paper examines the problem of collective guilt of the nation for the actions of its state. Particular attention is paid to the formation of the revanchist ideology that led to the domination of National Socialism. The paper also addresses the history of the criticism of the German imperial statehood, which had developed by the end of the 19th century.
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Schultz, Julia. "The influence of German on the English lexicon in the 20th century." English Today 33, no. 1 (June 17, 2016): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078416000304.
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While there is a multitude of studies on the influence English has exerted on German, the converse language contact scenario has been comparatively neglected. German borrowings which have recently been assumed into English have as yet received little attention in current research. The present paper intends to shed light on the impact of German on the English vocabulary in the 20th century. The various German words and meanings taken over into English in the last few decades will be divided into manifold subject areas in order to give a rounded picture of the different domains and spheres of life enriched by German in the recent past.
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Fremdling, Rainer. "German national accounts for the 19th and early 20th Century." Scandinavian Economic History Review 43, no. 1 (January 1995): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03585522.1995.10415896.
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Ernst, E. "August Bier and German homoeopathy in the early 20th century." British Homeopathic Journal 85, no. 01 (January 1996): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-0785(96)80053-6.
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AbstractAt the end of the last century, debate on the pros and cons of homoeopathy was lively in Germany. By 1920 it had died down almost entirely and homoeopathy seemed to have gone into a decline. In 1925 the prominent surgeon August Bier published a paper which immediately revived the discussion and helped homoeopathy become a prevalent form of treatment again in Germany. His paper and the at times emotional exchanges that followed were directly responsible for a change of climate in the discussion between homoeopaths and representatives of the conventional school, a number of clinical investigations into the question of clinical efficacy and the creation of a university chair of homoeopathy in 1929. Reading this story one can hardly help being impressed and amused by similarities between then and now.
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Arnold, H. "German neurosurgery in the first half of the 20th century." Zentralblatt für Neurochirurgie Vol. 62, no. 01 (December 31, 2001): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-16334.
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Golder, W., U. Pörksen, and K. J. Wolf. "German as a language of science in the 20th century." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 173, no. 9 (September 2001): 773–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-16986.
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Kudryavtseva, Tamara V., and Alla A. Strelnikova. "On the Monograph by E.A. Zachevskij “The Man who Lied while telling the Truth. Life and Work of Wolfgang Koeppen” (St. Petersburg, Kriega, 2019. 752 p.)." Studia Litterarum 5, no. 4 (2020): 518–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2020-5-4-518-527.
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E.A. Zachevsky’s book is the first study about the Western German author Wolfgang Koeppen (1906–1996). For the first time in the national and international literary studies, the monograph offers a detailed survey of the writer’s life and work as well as defines his place and role in the 20th century German literature. The author analyzes philosophic views as well as the properties of his fictional world and highlights the key moments of his peculiar poetic manner. The book touches upon the main issues of the German literary process and integrates Koeppen’s work into this process which allows us to read the volume as a mini-history of 20th century German literature.
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Kobiałka, Dawid. "Difficult Heritage of the 20th Century from the Perspective of the Biography of Things." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica, no. 34 (December 30, 2019): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.34.02.
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This paper discusses the concept of difficult/dark heritage from a theoretical perspective known as the biography of things. First, I analyse Polish archaeological research on difficult/dark heritage. Second, I describe in greater detail the biography of things as a tool for studying relationships between people, things and places. The last part of the paper is a case study presenting the biographies of three objects found in the grounds of a prisoner-of-war camp in Czersk. I aim to prove the following theses: 1) archaeologies of the recent past cannot be understood simply as the archaeology of martyrdom; 2) material culture from the recent past allows us to create different kinds of narratives connected with dark heritage.
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Mikulajová, Marína. "Bluma V. Zeigarnik – život ako zrkadlo dejín psychológie 20. storočia." Ceskoslovenska psychologie 65, no. 6 (December 29, 2021): 638–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51561/cspsych.65.6.638.
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This short sketch commemorates Bluma V. Zeigarnik (1901-1988). Her professional and personal life path was unusual and dramatic. Her contribution to psychology – Zeigarnik effect and pathopsychology studies – became world-famous. Her biography reflects a history of the European psychology of 20th century.
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Cienki, Alan. "19th and 20th century theories of case." Historiographia Linguistica 22, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1995): 123–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.22.1-2.06cie.
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Summary This article considers the similarities and differences between two types of semantically-based approaches to the study of grammatical case. One approach, which views the basic meanings of cases as spatial, stems from the localist hypothesis, which claims that spatial expressions serve as structural templates for other expressions. This view was most strongly espoused by certain German linguists in the 19th century, but has found support in the 20th century as well. The range of localist theories of case and the extent of the claims made by different localists are considered. These are compared and contrasted with contemporary approaches subsumed under the banner of ‘cognitive linguistics’. Research in this vein has focussed on the role of spatial notions in the semantics of case, but within a broader framework of human conceptualization. According to this view, space is only one of several domains which are basic to cognitive representation.
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Dinu, Elena Steluţa. "THE BIOGRAPHY OF DOCTOR CHARLES LAUGIER (1875- 1830)." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 87, no. 4 (November 12, 2014): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-370.
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This paper presents the life and works of the famous doctor, hygienist, folklore researcher and sanitary mentor, Charles Laugier, whose contribution to the development of the medical system of Oltenia marked the beginning of the 20th century. He is noted for his research in hygiene, in the treatment of some diseases like: tuberculosis, malaria, pellagra, and also as the founder of numerous societies which contributed to the cultural and scientific development of the region of Oltenia and even of its small localities.
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Kraevsky, A. A. "Pitirim Sorokin’s sociology and German jurisprudence." RUDN Journal of Sociology 22, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 749–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2022-22-4-749-763.
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The article considers the connection between the social-legal theory of P.A. Sorokin and the main directions of the German jurisprudence in the 17th - early 20th century: natural-legal school, historical school, jurisprudence of interests and the theory of the revived natural law. The genesis of Sorokin’s sociological ideas is usually considered in the context of the general development of sociology in the second half of the 19th century - early 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, when Sorokin was turning into an independent scholar, sociological issues were discussed in the teaching of other disciplines, in particular legal ones, which Sorokin studied at the Faculty of Law of the Saint Petersburg University. Sorokin’s study of legal sciences, especially of criminal and state law, affected his further research. The author argues that some important aspects of Sorokin’s sociology of law are closely connected with the main directions of the legal thought of his time, in particular with the works of German jurists and philosophers of law. The ideas of all four directions of German jurisprudence are reflected in Sorokin’s works, primarily in the theory of organized groups as a basis of his sociology of law. The classic school of natural law is represented by the social contract theory and corresponds to the purposeful organization of groups. The concept of the organic development of law by the leader of the historical school F.C. von Savigny is reflected in the spontaneous organization of groups. The jurisprudence of interests with R. von Jhering’s idea of the struggle for law anticipated the idea of purposeful formation of law in a social conflict. R. Stammler’s concept of the revived natural law contains a general idea of the organizing role of law. The elements of the first three theories are used by Sorokin in his theory of the origin of organized groups, while Stammler’s idea is close to the general understanding of the social function of law by Sorokin and one of his teachers L.I. Petrażycki.
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Jabpar, Abdul. "MUHAMMAD’S LIFE HISTORY: A GENEALOGICAL DISCOURSE THROUGH WESTERN 18 - 20 CENTURY VIEWS." Imtiyaz: Jurnal Ilmu Keislaman 3, no. 1 (August 10, 2019): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46773/imtiyaz.v3i1.24.
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This paper describes the discourse of the image and biography of Prophet Muhammad in the view of Western scholars from the 18th century to the 20th century. Photographing the dynamics and development of their thinking in Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach, through Foucault’s genealogy. The discourse focused on the features and characteristics of three important scholars of his time: Edward Gibbon, R. Bosworth Smith, and W. Montgomery Watt
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Kim, Hakie. "The Emotions of the German in the 19th and 20th Century." Korean Journal of German Studies 30 (November 30, 2015): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17995/kjgs.2015.11.30.97.
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Erb, Dorottya. "The history of a Hungarian-German community in the 20th century." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego. Acta Politica 51 (2021): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/ap.2021.51-02.
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LIEBHART, Karin. "Images of the Mediterranean in Late 20th Century German Quality Press." Journal of European Integration History 21, no. 1 (2015): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0340-8574-2015-1-33.
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LIEBHART, Karin. "Images of the Mediterranean in Late 20th Century German Quality Press." Journal of European Integration History 21, no. 1 (2015): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0947-9511-2015-1-33.
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Laversuch, Iman Makeba. "Translation and Interpreting in the 20th Century: Focus on German (review)." Language 77, no. 1 (2001): 174–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2001.0018.
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Doleschal, Ursula. "Gender, Grammar and Discourse: the Case of German." Journal of Psycholinguistic, no. 3 (October 1, 2021): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30982/2077-5911-2021-49-3-74-85.
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In this article, we try to show how the discourse about grammatical and natural gender has changed over time starting with grammars from the 16th and 17th century, where we find a neutral and symmetric presentation of the genders, through the 18th and 19th centuries, when this discourse radically changes, up to the end of the 20th century, where we again reach a neutral presentation which is less symmetrical, though.
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Chauvin, Jean Pierre. "Subversão pelo humor: A «Pequena história da República» de Graciliano Ramos." e-Letras com Vida: Revista de Estudos Globais — Humanidades, Ciências e Artes 08 (June 30, 2022): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53943/elcv.0122_26-38.
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In this essay we intend to comment Graciliano Ramo’s «Pequena história da República», in a way to observe the satiric mode and the didactic character of this biography about Brazil. During the analysis, we have stablished dialogues between Ramos’s work and other manuals that have been produced along 20th century in Brazil.
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Sergeev, Sergey. "At the origins of leningrad school of engineering psychology: Sukhodolsky Gennady Vladimirovich." Ergodesign, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/2658-4026-2022-1-72-76.
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The scientific biography and the role of Professor Sukhodolsky Gennady Vladimirovich in forming and developing Leningrad School of Ergonomics and Engineering Psychology in the 80s of the 20th century are considered. The circle of authors who formed the core of Leningrad (St. Petersburg) scientific school of engineering psychology and ergonomics is outlined.
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Furmanik, Martin, and Barbora Kaľavská. "Národnostný vývoj spišských Nemcov v 20. a 21. storočí." Geografická revue 17, no. 2 (January 2, 2023): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24040/gr.2022.18.2.44-55.
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Presented study deals with the demographic development of German minority in the area of cultural-historical Spiš region in eastern Slovakia. The focus is set specifically on the time period of 20th and 21st century. In the text, a brief history of Germans living in Spiš region is described. Subsequently, individual years of census and data of a German population of Spiš region are analysed as well as compared with the data of the whole German population in Slovakia. The reasons for increases and decreases of the values caused by different historical events are explained in this entry. Conclusion focuses on the prediction of a further possible development. The aim is the analysis of a national development of Spiš region German in 20th and 21st century. According to the analysis of the issue, it was discovered that a number of German of Spiš region is decreasing. The least of them lived in the areas approximately in 1980 and their current population is around 1139.
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Kiehnle, Arndt. "The long journey of ‘Privatautonomie’." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 87, no. 4 (December 19, 2019): 473–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-00870a09.
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SummaryIndividual autonomy was rediscovered in modernity when it came to the persecution of dissenters in Germany after the Reformatio n. Since the 18th century the ‘Privatautonomie’ of the individual has been established in German private law. Later, in the 19th century, the term autonomy gained ground in the legal terminology of French private law, also thanks to the German emigrant Foelix. In the 20th century autonomy, not least thanks to German-speaking jurists who fled from the Nazis, became a legal term also used in the private law of the USA and Great Britain.
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Kovářová, Helena. "Travels by the Czech teacher and school director František Slaměník in the footsteps of Comenius in Poland and the Netherlands as evidence of commitment to the comeniology." Siedleckie Zeszyty Komeniologiczne, seria PEDAGOGIKA VI (December 22, 2019): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6264.
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At the turn of the 20th century, the interest in John Amos Comenius’ legacy was on the rise. While various basic monographs and studies were published at the time, his biography still contained a lot of uncertainties and the list of his works was incomplete. In addition to histori-ans, some teachers who admired Comenius engaged in searching for new facts that would con-tribute to answering some issuable questions. One of them was František Slaměník, the founder of the oldest Comenius Museum. This paper focuses in detail on Slaměník’s reports from his private travels abroad to places linked to Comenius’ life. Slaměník’s texts are interesting evi-dence of comeniological discourse in the Czech lands at the last quater of 19th century with overlap to the beginning of 20th century.
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Pilipetchi, Serghei. "THE BIOGRAPHY OF M. CEBOTARI IN MONOGRAPHIC STUDIES." Studiul artelor şi culturologie: istorie, teorie, practică, no. 1(42) (August 2022): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.55383/amtap.2022.1.08.
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The article contains information about the monographic studies, which investigate the biography of the outstanding singer and film actress of the first half of the 20th century - Maria Cebotari. This subject constituted a field of research both for the authors of monographs contemporary to the prima donna and those of our days - representatives of different countries and specializations. In this context, the most important of their works (books, brochures, articles), which have scientific value are described and analyzed. Although M. Cebotari`s biography is widely presented, it can be supplemented with new investigations, thanks to the immense artistic heritage of the diva.
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Dominiak, Łukasz M. "O socjologii twórczości naukowej na marginesie biografii Norberta Eliasa." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 59, no. 1 (February 10, 2015): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2015.59.1.2.
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This text contains initial reflections on the subject of the academic biography of Norbert Elias from the perspective of the theory of ritual interactions. The author outlines the spatial-temporal conditions that produced the emotional energy in Elias’s works and to a large degree determined his great popularity in the second half of the 20th century and now.
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Pouyet, Emeline, Monica Ganio, Aisha Motlani, Abhinav Saboo, Francesca Casadio, and Marc Walton. "Casting Light on 20th-Century Parisian Artistic Bronze: Insights from Compositional Studies of Sculptures Using Hand-Held X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy." Heritage 2, no. 1 (February 21, 2019): 732–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2010047.
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In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Paris was home to scores of bronze foundries making it the primary European center for the production of artistic bronzes, or bronzes d’art. These foundries were competitive, employing different casting methods—either lost-wax or sand casting—as well as closely guarded alloy and patina recipes. Recent studies have demonstrated that accurate measurements of the metal composition of these casts can provide art historians of early 20th-century bronze sculpture with a richer understanding of an object’s biography, and help answer questions about provenance and authenticity. In this paper, data from 171 20th-century bronzes from Parisian foundries are presented revealing diachronic aspects of foundry production, such as varying compositional ranges for sand casting and lost-wax casting. This new detailed knowledge of alloy composition is most illuminating when the interpretation of the data focuses on casts by a single artist and is embedded within a specific historical context. As a case study, compositional analyses were undertaken on a group of 20th-century posthumous bronze casts of painted, unbaked clay caricature portrait busts by Honoré-Victorin Daumier (1808–1879).