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1
Meißner, Thomas. "George Orwells langes Lungenleiden." CME 11, no. 6 (June 2014): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11298-014-1340-z.
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Albers, Marius. "Orwell lässt grüßen! – Korpuslinguistische Untersuchungen zur Aktualität Orwells in Plenardebatten des Bundestags." Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 51, no. 1 (February 11, 2021): 87–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41244-021-00191-6.
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ZusammenfassungDer Name George Orwell fungiert insbesondere als Synonym für die fiktionale dystopische Vision in seinem Roman 1984 und kann in dieser Hinsicht als Kollektivsymbol aufgefasst werden. Ausgehend davon wird der Name auch in Plenardebatten des Bundestags (und damit im politischen Diskurs) strategisch verwendet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Orwell-Referenzen in den letzten Jahren eine deutlich steigende Tendenz aufweisen. Insbesondere lassen sich solche in Debatten um Datenschutz und Überwachung, aber auch um den Sprachgebrauch finden, in Verbindung mit Warnungs‑, Vorwurfs- und Zurückweisungshandlungen.
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Muico, Earl Jones G. "Uncovering Militaristic Themes in George Orwell’s Animal farm." International Journal of Agriculture and Animal Production, no. 22 (March 30, 2022): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/ijaap.22.30.33.
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Literature is an art form that allows us to explore the complexities of human experience through the written word. One classic example of literature is George Orwell's. Animal Farm George Orwell’s Animal Farm is a tale that encompasses various themes. Different angles provide for an interesting take on the kind of subliminal messages that George Orwell was trying to convey. A literary analysis was used to uncover messages in the short story. It was observed that the short story draws heavily from a militaristic theme. This can be seen from the lines from the characters and even in critical parts in the story. These elements highlight how the George Orwell layered a militaristic theme. Such themes bring about insights in which readers can learn. Animal Farm is a timeless and powerful work that continues to captivate readers with its vivid characters, incisive commentary on political power, and timeless themes of oppression, corruption, and revolution.
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Fajri, Daniel Ahmad, and Romel Noverino. "CRITIQUE OF IDEOLOGY BIN GEORGE ORWELL’S NOVEL 1984: A HANS-GEORG GADAMER’S HERMENEUTICS READING." Journal of Language and Literature 7, no. 2 (2019): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35760/jll.2019.v7i2.2017.
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This study is to analyze George Orwell’s novel 1984 that published in 1949. This study uses descriptive qualitative method. The analysis of this undergraduate thesis focuses on hermeneutical reading of the text. This study aims to find out critique of ideology concept by reading both the text and the researcher (as interpreter) horizons to get a current meaning of the text. This study applies philosophical hermeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer and Jurgen Habermas’s critical theory to analyze the novel. After interprets the horizon of the text with three stages of analysis (understanding, historical consciousness, and history of effect), then the prejudice/presupposition (Habermas’ critique of ideology) appear dialectically as interpreter horizon to read the 1984 in its current context. The result proves that, although the work of structure of power in Orwell's life and interpreter are different - Orwell who live in the tension of world ideologies (with fascism, soviet communism, and other totalitarian power) and interpreter in the late-capitalism era (with liberal consensus domination), but analysis of critique of ideology in the 1984 novel in the current context relates to several things. Among other things are, total domination of the system like distorting symbolic interactions and how power works supported - manifested in high-level technology with its propaganda and supervision of civil society. At this point, to resist against totalitarian system, both Orwell and Habermas are similar as well - a process of rationalization with a communication paradigm with emancipatory mission to give a progressive free individual formation in the society.
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VANINSKAYA, ANNA. "THE ORWELL CENTURY AND AFTER: RETHINKING RECEPTION AND REPUTATION." Modern Intellectual History 5, no. 3 (November 2008): 597–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244308001819.
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The Orwell centenary of 2003 has come and gone, but the pace of academic publications that usually accompany such biographical milestones has not slackened. The Cambridge Companion to George Orwell was released in summer 2007, John Rodden's Every Intellectual's Big Brother: George Orwell's Literary Siblings was published in 2006, On Nineteen Eighty-Four: Orwell and Our Future, the proceedings of a 1999 conference, came out in 2005. The striking thing about many of these publications, not to mention the ones which emerged out of the commemorative activities of 2003 itself, is that they are more concerned with Orwell's reputation and relevance today than with his oeuvre as such. As many as five chapters of the Cambridge Companion have a “posthumous” focus; the proceedings of the largest centenary conference, George Orwell: Into the Twenty-First Century, raise the issue of Orwell and the war in Iraq more frequently than that of Orwell and World War II.The latter is not entirely surprising for an American conference which featured the “liberal hawk” and former Trotskyist journalist Christopher Hitchens as the keynote speaker, and whose proceedings were edited in accordance with a corresponding political agenda, but it is also indicative of a larger phenomenon, a phenomenon most thoroughly examined by John Rodden in books like George Orwell: The Politics of Literary Reputation and Scenes from an Afterlife: The Legacy of George Orwell. Few imaginative writers have been so compulsively remoulded, coopted, and invoked outside of their proper literary sphere; as Rodden's scrupulous documentation shows, no modern crisis from the Cold War to the war on terror has gone by without an Orwell headline to define it. What, one may ask, are the mechanisms behind this astounding popularity? How are reputations on this vast scale made? Looking at “the writer and his work” will only get one so far; one must also look outward, for the world's perception of Orwell is as interesting and intriguing a subject as Orwell himself. Rodden, the most prolific Orwell critic publishing today, has made this reception history his focus.
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McBeath, Neil. "Why Do We Still Read George Orwell?" Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jass.vol5iss2pp15-27.
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This paper approaches Orwell’s writing from the perspective of the 21st century and asks whether Animal Farm, his satirical fable of the USSR, and the dystopian vision of Nineteen Eighty-Four remain relevant. It dismisses the suggestion that these last two novels can be regarded as the natural culmination of Orwell’s earlier work, principally by examining these other writings demonstrates that there is no natural trajectory. The paper also refers to key dates in Orwell’s life and comments on his career at those particular moments. Orwell remains relevant, the paper concludes, because the forces of oppression he so vehemently opposed remain potent today. The residue of Stalinism survives in some countries, while others have become tyrannies where personality cults can flourish. Political doublethink still exists. The very fact that the adjective “Orwellian” remains current in English, and that his metaphors have entered mainstream discourse, are further indications that his work remains important. Far from being a writer of the 1930s, Orwell has been able to transcend both distance and time.
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McBeath, Neil. "Why Do We Still Read George Orwell?" Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53542/jass.v5i2.1071.
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This paper approaches Orwell’s writing from the perspective of the 21st century and asks whether Animal Farm, his satirical fable of the USSR, and the dystopian vision of Nineteen Eighty-Four remain relevant. It dismisses the suggestion that these last two novels can be regarded as the natural culmination of Orwell’s earlier work, principally by examining these other writings demonstrates that there is no natural trajectory. The paper also refers to key dates in Orwell’s life and comments on his career at those particular moments. Orwell remains relevant, the paper concludes, because the forces of oppression he so vehemently opposed remain potent today. The residue of Stalinism survives in some countries, while others have become tyrannies where personality cults can flourish. Political doublethink still exists. The very fact that the adjective “Orwellian” remains current in English, and that his metaphors have entered mainstream discourse, are further indications that his work remains important. Far from being a writer of the 1930s, Orwell has been able to transcend both distance and time.
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Haggar, Ellen. "Fighting fake news: exploring George Orwell's relationship to information literacy." Journal of Documentation 76, no. 5 (April 11, 2020): 961–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-11-2019-0223.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse George Orwell's diaries through an information literacy lens. Orwell is well known for his dedication to freedom of speech and objective truth, and his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four is often used as a lens through which to view the fake news phenomenon. This paper will examine Orwell's diaries in relation to UNESCO's Five Laws of Media and Information Literacy to examine how information literacy concepts can be traced in historical documents.Design/methodology/approachThis paper will use a content analysis method to explore Orwell's relationship to information literacy. Two of Orwell's political diaries from the period 1940–42 were coded for key themes related to the ways in which Orwell discusses and evaluates information and news. These themes were then compared to UNESCO Five Laws of Media and Information Literacy. Textual analysis software NVivo 12 was used to perform keyword searches and word frequency queries in the digitised diaries.FindingsThe findings show that while Orwell's diaries and the Five Laws did not share terminology, they did share ideas on bias and access to information. They also extend the history of information literacy research and practice by illustrating how concerns about the need to evaluate information sources are represented within historical literature.Originality/valueThis paper combines historical research with textual analysis to bring a unique historical perspective to information literacy, demonstrating that “fake news” is not a recent phenomenon, and that the tools to fight it may also lie in historical research.
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Antonijevic, Pavle. "ANALIZA ORVELOVIH POGLEDA NA IDEJE SOCIJALIZMA U ŽIVOTINjSKOJ FARMI I 1984." Lipar 22, no. 74 (2021): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/lipar74.067a.
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This paper examines the last two literary works of George Orwell with the aim to analyze his political beliefs. Although these works have remained characterized primarily as critiques of totalitarianism and the Stalinist version of socialism, the pur- pose of this study is to show Orwell’s attitude towards the ideas of socialism in theory with parallel comparison of Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four. Furthermore, in order to consider this problem more comprehensively, it was necessary to research the author’s attitude towards capitalism and liberalism. The article is divided into two main sections. The first section gives a brief overview of Orwell’s political evolution from the second to the fourth decades of 20th century. The second section examines the content of the books which are the subject of research. The article proves that Orwell remained committed to the ideas of democratic socialism in both of his liter- ary works. Portrayal of Orwell as an anti-socialist is unjustified and was formed due to the Cold War context in the West. Additionally, the article concludes that Orwell’s Animal Farm and 1984 contain a critique of capitalism and Western imperialism, which is more pronounced in Animal Farm as compared to 1984.
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Banks, Thomas. "Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Treatise on Tyranny." Political Science Undergraduate Review 3, no. 1 (February 15, 2018): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/psur53.
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George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four portrayed the societal antithesis of modern liberalism, and in so doing, established the adjective "Orwellian" in popular use. Orwell's novel thematically represents conceptual frameworks of tyrannical governance. Recently, questions regarding a crisis of democratic liberalism have prompted debate, discussion, and study. This article investigates how Orwell characterises the processes by which totalitarianism develops, delineates the nature of autocratic governance, and describes how totalitarianism achieves continuity. Further, this article parallels the typologies of tyranny, developed in Nineteen Eighty-Four, with the modern world. I seek to detail the ways in which Orwell's novel is a cautionary, critical commentary of totalitarianism relevant to contemporary society.
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Rehman, Shahab, Shehzad Khan Durrani, and Atteq-ur Rehman. "The Art of Manipulating Masses and Failure of Leadership in Orwells Animal Farm and Pakistani Politics: A Comparative Study." Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/sbsee.v3i3.2001.
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Purpose: The purpose of this research study is to comparatively study George Orwell’s Animal Farm (1945) and Pakistani political scenario. The study attempts to find similarities between the two from various aspects such as economy, freedom of speech, leadership, etc., and their effect on the masses.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is mainly qualitative as the evidence is gathered from the novella Animal Farm and the public speeches, interviews, and from the social media handles of leading politicians. Critical Discourse Model (CDA), developed by Van Dijk (2001), is employed for the analysis and discussion. The selected texts were then contextualized for comparative analysis.
Findings: The textual evidence collected from the novella Animal Farm and the speeches, interviews, and social media posts from the political leaders reveal that there are certain common elements in both parties. The common elements include censorship on freedom of expression, lack of deliverance on the part of leadership, worsening economy, etc.
Implications/Originality/Value: This research study is significant in the sense it is applicable on various levels such as leadership and its role in shaping the fate of society, the importance of freedom of speech as it paves the way for discussion for a better future of a nation. It also discusses the reason for the failure of economy. Furthermore, it is applicable to prevail justice and equality in society in all forms. This study aimed at discussing the common elements between Animal Farm and Pakistani politics. This is, to the best of my knowledge, perhaps, the first attempt in this regard. It is beneficial for readers in the sense that it provides them to relate the fictional world of Animal Farm to the real happenings in society and its impact on members of the society. Furthermore, it is suggestive in the sense that it provides a solution/alternative for the politicians and stakeholders of the state.
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MURADIAN, Gayane. "THE ABUSE AND MISUSE OF THE ENGLISH WORD IN G. ORWELL’S DYSTOPIAN NOVEL NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR." Foreign Languages in Higher Education 21, no. 1 (22) (May 15, 2017): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/flhe/2017.21.1.034.
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George Orwell’s novel “Nineteen Eighty-Four” (first published in 1949) is a totalitarian dystopia in which the focus is on language as a political medium to conceal the truth from the public, to manipulate and brainwash people, to make them accept all propaganda as unmistakable. Orwell succeeds in demonstrating clearly that the modern use of English, more precisely the abuse and misuse of the English word, is a powerful mind-control tool able to destruct human will and spirit, destroy real beauty and happiness in the society. This is exactly done by the new words of the Newspeak language (created by Orwell) which is the object of a discourse stylistics case study in the present paper based on the qualitative stylistic method of analysis to highlight the linguistic features of Orwell’s new words that evoke literary (and emotional) experiences for the readers, to reveal the stylistic peculiarities of Orwell’s word of fiction, as well as the linguistic and extra-linguistic aspects conditioning the creation and functioning of the mentioned linguistic units.
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Davidson, Lawrence. "Orwellianism and the Kafkaesque in the Israeli-Palestinian Discourse." Holy Land Studies 3, no. 2 (November 2004): 195–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/hls.2004.3.2.195.
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Israeli perceptions and Palestinian conditions of life can be understood in terms of the literary worlds created by George Orwell and Franz Kafka. For Israel the relevant literary environment is that of George Orwell's novel 1984. Here Orwell pictures a community psychologically closed in by the twisted use of language and an incapacity for critical self-analysis. In the case of the Palestinians, the relevant literary world is that created in many of the novels of Franz Kafka. Kafka's literary world is characterised by unpredictability. It depicts oppressed societies in which the individual is subject to the arbitrary will of a greater power whose bureaucratic rules are beyond his comprehension. This essay demonstrates how Orwellian and Kafkaesque depictions define current Israeli perceptions of the Palestinians, and Palestinian life under Israeli occupation.
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Michael Roberts, John. "Reading Orwell Through Deleuze." Deleuze Studies 4, no. 3 (November 2010): 356–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/dls.2010.0104.
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George Orwell has often been accused of articulating a naive version of empiricism in his writings. Naive empiricism can be said to be based on the belief that an external objective world exists independently of us which can nevertheless be studied and observed by constructing atomistic theories of causality between objects in the world. However, by revisiting some of Orwell's most well-known writings, this paper argues that it makes more sense to place his empiricism within the contours of Deleuze's empiricist philosophy. By recourse to Deleuze's ideas the paper argues that far from being a naive empiricist Orwell in fact engages in a reflexive exploration of his virtual affects through the particular events he writes about. The assemblage that is ‘George Orwell’ is thus comprised by a whole array of affects from this unique middle-class socialist as he crosses through particular events. Orwell subsequently acts as a ‘schizoid nomad’ who transverses the affects of others. As a result Orwell takes flight from his own middle-class surroundings in order to reterritorialise his identity within the affects, habits and sensations of others. By becoming a schizoid nomad Orwell is able to construct a critical and passionate moral standpoint against forces of domination.
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Rodden, John. "“The Rope That Connects Me Directly with You”: John Wain and the Movement Writers' Orwell." Albion 20, no. 1 (1988): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4049798.
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No British writer has had a greater impact on the Anglo-American generation which came of age in the decade following World War II than George Orwell. His influence has been, and continues to be, deeply felt by intellectuals of all political stripes, including the Marxist Left (Raymond Williams, E. P. Thompson), the anarchist Left (George Woodcock, Nicolas Walter), the American liberal-Left (Irving Howe), American neoconservatives (Norman Podhoretz), and the Anglo-American Catholic Right (Christopher Hollis, Russell Kirk).Perhaps Orwell's broadest imprint, however, was stamped upon the only literary group which has ever regarded him as a model: the Movement writers of the 1950s. Unlike the above-mentioned groups, which have consisted almost entirely of political intellectuals rather than writers—and whose members have responded to him as a political critic first and a writer second—some of the Movement writers saw Orwell not just as a political intellectual but also as the man of letters and/or literary stylist whom they aspired to be.The Movement writers were primarily an alliance of poet-critics. The “official” members numbered nine poets and novelists; a few other writers and critics loomed on the periphery. Their acknowledged genius, if not leading publicist, was Philip Larkin, who later became Britain's poet laureate. Orwell's plain voice influenced the tone and attitude of Larkin's poetry and that of several other Movement poets, especially Robert Conquest and D. J. Enright. But Orwell shone as an even brighter presence among the poet-novelists, particularly John Wain and Kingsley Amis, whose early fictional anti-heroes were direct descendants of Gordon Comstock in Keep the Aspidistra Flying (1936) and George Bowling in Coming Up for Air (1939).
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McQuade, Brendan. "“The road from Mandalay to Wigan is a long one and the reasons for taking it aren’t immediately clear”: A World-System Biography of George Orwell." Journal of World-Systems Research 21, no. 2 (August 31, 2015): 313–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2015.7.
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George Orwell is one the best known and highly regarded writers of the twentieth century. In his adjective form—Orwellian—he has become a “Sartrean ‘singular universal,’ an individual whose “singular” experiences express the “universal” character of a historical moment. Orwell is a literary representation of the unease felt in the disenchanted, alienated, anomic world of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. This towering cultural legacy obscures a more complex and interesting legacy. This world-system biography explains his contemporary relevance by retracing the road from Mandalay to Wigan that transformed Eric Blair, a disappointing-Etonian-turned-imperial-policeman, into George Orwell, a contradictory and complex socialist and, later, literary icon. Orwell’s contradictory class position—between both ruling class and working class and nation and empire—and resultantly tense relationship to nationalism, empire, and the Left makes his work a particularly powerful exposition of the tension between comsopolitianism and radicalism, between the abstract concerns of intellectuals and the complex demands of local political action. Viewed in full, Orwell represents the “traumatic kernel” of our age of cynicism: the historic failure and inability of the left to find a revolutionary path forward between the “timid reformism” of social democrats and “comfortable martyrdom” of anachronistic and self-satisfied radicals.
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Ali, Inst Suaad Hussein. "The Role of Propaganda in George Orwell's Animal Farm." Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences 60, no. 2 (July 9, 2021): 27–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v60i2.1605.
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Animal Farm is a novel of pure propaganda. Orwell himself admits that he writes this novel in order to be a propaganda against the 'Soviet's myth', to expose Stalin's propaganda and Stalin's Communism. As propagandist, Orwell shows his ideas and opinions towards the dictatorial regimes. This study presents the outstanding role of different types and techniques of propaganda used in the novel by the characters, and how these techniques' persuasion influences are various from one another. The paper also traces the propagandists' ways and methods to make use of people's emotions by appealing to their profound fears and great dreams to befool and deceive them. Orwell gives the most devastating image of a propagandist through the character of Squealer who is crushingly effective to convince the animals and make them believe in everything he says. The paper also sheds light on Orwell's actual efforts to warn people from the tactics used by political regimes, and his attempt to show the effects of illiteracy and lack of education in supporting propagandists' purposes for exploiting people and make them victims of an evil propaganda.
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Sushil Ghimire. "Animal Imagery in George Orwell's novel “Animal Farm”." Journal of Balkumari College 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jbkc.v10i1.42105.
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The present paper is a literary stylistic study that illustrates in George Orwell's novel Animal Farm the imagery, the allegorical meaning, linguistic exploitation or manipulation of words. One of the most traditional features of the Animal Farm and an integral part of its imagery is Orwell 's sophisticated sensitivity to political abuse of language Inwardly, this novel is an allegory that relates to power struggle, usurpation, coercion, manipulation, hypocrisy, oppression, political racket and fear of the ruling classes in any shape they may exist (human or animal). It seems to be a simple tale of animals. However severe the subject is, through his vivid imagery and artful use of literary instruments, Orwell has made it imaginative and humorous. With its clear, deceptively simple, but creatively honed prose style and expressive language, the novel is a source of great aesthetic and intellectual pleasure and political insight.
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Wicher, Andrzej. "A comparison between the concept of Newspeak in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel and the way of thinking about language in C.S. Lewis’s That Hideous Strength." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica 58, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 477–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.58.25.
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The aim of the article is to investigate some of the possible sources of inspiration for Orwell’s concept of the artificial language called Newspeak, which, in his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, is shown as an effective tool of enslavement and thought control in the hands of a totalitarian state. The author discusses, in this context, the putative links between Newspeak and really existing artificial languages, first of all Esperanto, and also between Orwell’s notion of “doublethink”, which is an important feature of the totalitarian mentality, and Czesław Miłosz’s notion of “ketman”, developed in his book The Captive Mind. But the main emphasis is on the connection between Orwell’s book and the slightly earlier novel by C.S. Lewis, That Hideous Strength. It is well known that Orwell knew Lewis’s book and expressed his mixed feelings about it. There are many specific, though far from obvious, similarities between the two books, but what seems to have been particularly inspiring for Orwell was Lewis’s vision of a thoroughly degenerate language that is used for political manipulation rather than for communication.
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Amer, Mohammed Mosheer A., and Nour O. El-Borno. "Analyzing An-Nabhan’s and Ash-Shami’s Translations of Neologisms in George Orwell’s 1984." Bulletin of Advanced English Studies 7, no. 2 (December 2022): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31559/baes2022.7.2.1.
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George Orwell’s 1984 is a challenging literary text where manipulating the language is an integral part of the novel’s theme. Orwell invents a new form of English, changes the writing style of the main character, and uses intentional incorrect grammatical structures in dialogues. This study examines the translations of neologisms in George Orwell’s well-known novel 1984. Drawing on Vinay and Darbelnet’s (1995) seven translation procedures, the researchers analyzed the strategies used by Ash-Shami and An-Nabhan in their translations of neologisms in Orwell’s 1984 and offered translations where necessary to provide examples for the possible ways to tackle language manipulations. The results show that in translating neologisms, Ash-Shami used Explicitation the most (24%), but An-Nabhan used Literal Translation and Adaptation (27% each). They both had a preference for domesticating neologisms to the Arabic reader, which was not always successful. The researchers’ suggested translations are intended to intrigue the ideas of the translators and researchers in this field such that the standard language is used when necessary, and other variations are also used when the ST demands it. Translators should always consider the purposeful changes in the language of the text they translate and develop strategies that tackle them in line with the purpose and context of the text.
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Glassford, John. "Orwell's ‘Barbarous’ Patriotism." Scottish Affairs 25, no. 3 (August 2016): 372–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2016.0140.
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It is not always clear what the well-spring of patriotic feeling might be, and ‘patriots’ often have difficulty articulating the origins of their passion, though sources are seldom mysterious. In this article, it is suggested that George Orwell was one such example. With the Lacanian proposition that the unconscious is structured like a language as a default position, it is evident that Orwell's texts on nationalism, patriotism, and education clearly exhibit confusion. More specifically, it is when Orwell tries to disentangle ‘Englishness’ from ‘Scottishness’ that we see that despite his apparent sophistication as a journalist and propagandist, his account of Englishness is little more than patriarchal, nationalist chauvinism of the kind he claimed to despise. The attentive reader can see it in his texts, but he was blind to the contradiction.
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Haroon, Harshita Aini, and Zul Azhar Zahid Jamal. "UniMAP 2025: Foresighting for a Frenzied Future." Asian Higher Education Chronicles 1, no. 1 (November 5, 2018): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ahec.1.1.13-22.
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George Orwell, the English author, in his book called “Nineteen Eighty Four” wrote about life set in the year 1984, painting a depressing picture of a world filled with propaganda, never-ending war, and a life occupied with pervasive scrutiny of one’s life by others. One of the tools Winston, the protagonist in the dystopian novel, has to contend with is the telescreen. Its functions are to monitor a person’s movement and capture their conversation where ever they may be, including in private places such as one’s own home. What is very compelling about the book, we find, is that it was written in 1949. Orwell was able to predict rather splendidly what he thought life would be like 35 years ahead of the time he wrote the book. Now, fast forward 69 years later, Orwell’s telescreen is really not very different from our smartphones and other social media devices. Our smartphones now not only keep information about us once we log in, but are able to gather information from our speeches even when we are not talking into it! Orwell’s 1984 is an epitome of foresight, as it is not only the telescreen in the novel that we can identify with in the 21st century, but many other aspects of the current sociopolitical goings-on in the world. If Orwell were still alive today, we would like to ask him – what would higher education be like in the next ten years?
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Muradian, Gaiane. "Imagery in Action: G. Orwell’s “Animal Farm”." Armenian Folia Anglistika 12, no. 1 (15) (April 15, 2016): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2016.12.1.017.
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The present paper is a literary stylistic analysis that highlights the imagery, the allegorical significance, linguistic manipulation or abuse of language in the novel Animal Farm by George Orwell. Orwell’s sophisticated exposure of political abuse of language is one of the most typical characteristics of Animal Farm and an indispensable part of his imagery. Seemingly a plain story of animals, inwardly this novel is an allegory that refers to power struggle, usurpation, intimidation, exploitation, hypocrisy, corruption, political racket and terror of the ruling classes in whatever form they may appear (human or animal). However serious the theme is, Orwell has made it fictitious and amusing through his vivid imagery and artful use of literary devices. With its clear, deceptively simple, but creatively honed prose style and expressive language, the novel is a source of great aesthetic and intellectual pleasure and political insight.
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Risdianto, Faizal, Noor Malihah, and Agung Guritno. "The problem of Presupposition in George Orwell’s Novella Animal Farm." Journal of Pragmatics Research 1, no. 1 (February 6, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/jopr.v1i1.1-12.
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This research attempts to investigate the pragmatics presupposition in George Orwell’s Novella Animal Farm. Specifically, it tries to identify and classify the presupposition used in conversation in Orwell’s novella. The identification is based on the presupposition triggers and classification based on six type of presupposition. The research also attempts to analyze the function in the use of presupposition in conversation. The data in this research are in form of utterances containing presupposition. Based on the classification of six presupposition types according to Yule's theory (1996), 180 presuppositions are found: 69 (38,3%) existential triggered by definite description and possessive construction, 35 (19,4%) lexical triggered by change of state verb; implicative predicate; iterative, 53 (29,4%) structural triggered by WH-question, 4 (2,2%) factive triggered by factive verb/predicate aware glad and 19 (10,6%) non-factive triggered by the verb dream imagine. Based on the six language function by Jakobson (1960), there are 5 functions of presupposition in the novella which are, 57 (47, 9%) referential, 33(27,7%) emotive, 25(21,1%) conative, 3(2,5%) poetic and 1 (0,8%) phatic. In this research, the practice of referential function in applying presupposition is considered as the most frequent.Keywords: Presupposition, presupposition triggers, Novella, George Orwell
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Bambrough, Renford. "Fools and Heretics." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 28 (March 1990): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246100005348.
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‘Where two principles really do meet which cannot be reconciled with one another, then each man declares the other a fool and a heretic’ This sentence from Wittgenstein's On Certainty (OC, 611) is the source of my title. A passage in George Orwell's Shooting an Elephant might have prompted the same choice: ‘The Catholic and the Communist are alike in assuming that an opponent cannot be both honest and intelligent. Each of them tacitly claims that “the truth” has already been revealed, and that the heretic, if he is not simply a fool, is secretly aware of “the truth” and merely resists it out of selfish motives’ (Orwell, 1950, 177).
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Shabanirad, Ensieh, and Seyyed Mohammad Marandi. "Edward Said’s Orientalism and the Representation of Oriental Women in George Orwell’s Burmese Days." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 60 (September 2015): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.60.22.
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Edward Said’s groundbreaking text, Orientalism is a contrapuntal reading of imperial discourse about the non-Western Other. It indcates that the Western intellectual is in the service of the hegemonic culture. In this influential text, Said shows how imperial and colonial hegemony is implicated in discursive and textual production. Orientalism is a critique of Western texts that have represented the East as an exotic and inferior other and construct the Orient by a set of recurring stereotypical images and clichés. Said’s analysis of Orientalism shows the negative stereotypes or images of native women as well. As a result, Orientalism has engendered feminist scholarship and debate in Middle East studies. For Said, many Western scholars, orientalists, colonial authorities and writers systematically created the orientalist discourse and the misrepresentation of the Orient. George Orwell as a Western writer experienced imperialism at first hand while serving as an Assistant Superintendent of Imperial Police in Burma from 1922 to 1927. One of Orwell’s major concerns during his life was the issue of imperialism and colonialism which is reflected in his first published novel, BurmeseDays. Orwell’s own political purpose in this novel was to convince the reader that imperialism was morally wrong. Although he saw imperialism as one of the major injustices of his time and had declared himself against Empire, in Burmese Days, Orwell, consciously and unconsciously, repudiated his views and followed the Orientalist discourse. In this study, the authors demonstrate how Orwell maintains a white male Eurocentric imperialist viewpoint. The authors attempt to examine how the ‘female subalterns’ are represented in Burmese Days. While Oriental women are represented as the oppressed ones, they are also regarded as being submissive, voiceless, seductive and promiscuous.
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Perkins, Marla. "Orienting the reader." Literary Linguistics 3, no. 1 (June 3, 2013): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ld.3.1.05per.
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This study examines strategies that authors can use in texts to keep readers active and accurate participants in the literary conversation and sets forth a taxonomy of those strategies: initiating the literary conversation, anticipating, preventing and correcting possible misunderstandings, and keeping readers engaged as interlocutors. A case study on Burmese Days, by George Orwell, reveals a pattern of interactions between stated information and assumed knowledge. Orwell’s strategies indicate that he assumes that readers are competent, participatory readers (literary conversants), and he uses that assumption to convey locational information. Among these strategies are the following main categories: emphasizing closed-class semantics over open-class implicatures; providing more detail about more important information and less detail about less important information; reviewing the most important information from multiple perspectives; and perhaps most importantly, leaving some information for readers to infer. All of Orwell’s strategies assume the best about readers’ knowledge and willingness to participate and leave room for a pragmatically productive give-and-take that closely resembles conversation.
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Rikma Dewi, Nenden, Aquarini Priyatna, and Yati Aksa. "MASKULINITAS KULIT PUTIH DALAM BURMESE DAYS DAN SHOOTING AN ELEPHANT KARYA GEORGE ORWELL (The Masculinity of White Men in George Orwell’s Burmese Days and Shooting An Elephant)." METASASTRA: Jurnal Penelitian Sastra 6, no. 2 (March 14, 2016): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26610/metasastra.2013.v6i2.103-114.
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Orwell menjadikan pengalaman hidupnya sebagai bagian dari setiap karyanya dan menggunakannya untuk menyampaikan berbagai gagasannya. Melalui novel Burmese Days dan sebuah esai berjudul Shooting an Elephant yang keduanya saling berkaitan, Orwell mengemukan gagasannya mengenai wacana kolonialisme di wilayah koloni Inggris di Burma. Isu yang terkadang luput dalam pembacaan karya Orwell adalah isu gender. Oleh karena itu, kajian ini akan menganalisis bagaimana maskulinitas laki-laki kulit putih dipaparkan dan faktor-faktor pendorong atau penghalang maskulinitas tersebut. Agar dapat menganalisis isu tersebut, kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan yang ditawarkan Mosse, Bhabha dan Sinha mengenai maskulinitas dalam wacana poskolonial. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, kajian ini dapat menunjukkan bahwa maskulinitas laki-laki kulit putih koloni Inggris di wilayah Burma, khususnya Kyauktada disebabkan oleh konsep mereka mengenai isu superioritas dan inferioritas.Abstract:Orwell made his life experiences as a part of his works and used them to convey a variety of his ideas. Through his novel entitling Burmese Days and his essay called Shooting an Elephant, both of them were related to, Orwell wrote his ideas about discourse of colonialism in the British colony in Burma. A peculiar issue in Orwell’s work is the gender issue. Therefore, this study shows masculinity of white men, and the factors motivating or obstructing such masculinity. In order to analyze these issues, this study applies George Mosse’s (1996), Homi K. Bhabha’s (1995) and Mrinalini Sinha’s (1995) approach on masculinity in postcolonial discourse. Based on the analy- sis, this study is to provide the assumption that masculinity of white men in the British colony in Burma, particularly Kyauktada, was caused by their concept of superiority and inferiority.
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Gohn, Carlos. "George Orwell e os desdobramentos literários de uma presença no front." Aletria: Revista de Estudos de Literatura 19, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096.19.2.217-224.
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Resumo: Esse trabalho apresenta as circunstâncias que rodeiam a ida de George Orwell como combatente voluntário à Espanha e a redação de Homage to Catalonia após seu retorno à Inglaterra.Palavras-chave: George Orwell; Homenagem a Catalunha; Guerra Civil Espanhola.Abstract: This paper presents the circumstances under which George Orwell went to Spain as a volunteer fighter and the writing of Homage to Catalonia after his return to England.Keywords: George Orwell; Homage to Catalonia; Spanish Civil War.
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Fajrina, Dian. "Character Metaphors in George Orwell’s Animal Farm." Studies in English Language and Education 3, no. 1 (March 13, 2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v3i1.3391.
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Animal Farm was written by George Orwell in 1944 to criticize the Soviet Union leaders and their administration represented by animal characters. The objective of this study was to find out the resemblances between the character of Soviet Union leaders at the time the novel was written and those depicted in the novel. In analysing the objective of this study, content analysis was used. The data are the dialogues and other information in the novel concerning the metaphors of characters between the Soviet Union leaders of the 20th century and those in Animal Farm. The writer finds out that Jones metaphors Nicholas II, the last Tsar of Russian Monarchy, Old Major with his speech metaphors Karl Marx with his Communist Manifesto, Napoleon as Stalin, Snowball as Trotsky, Squealer as Pravda, the Russian Newspaper at that time, Frederick as German and Boxer as the type of gullibility proletariat. Indeed, George Orwell’s timeless work reminds us that totalitarianism could be harmful to one society.
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Marks, Peter. "George Orwell." Political Quarterly 70, no. 1 (January 1999): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-923x.00207.
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Meissner, T. "George Orwell." Heilberufe 69, no. 3 (February 27, 2017): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00058-017-2707-9.
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Pittock, M. "George Orwell." Cambridge Quarterly 39, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/camqtly/bfp024.
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Pordzik, Ralph. "George Orwell’s Imperial Bestiary: Totemism, Animal Agency and Cross-Species Interaction in “Shooting an Elephant”, Burmese Days and “Marrakech”." Anglia 135, no. 3 (September 6, 2017): 440–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2017-0045.
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AbstractThis essay argues that Orwell’s representation of animals as companion species offers a strikingly new, as-yet largely neglected view of animal agency and interiority in his work. In “Shooting an Elephant”, Burmese Days and “Marrakech”, the writer’s focus on the social reject is supplemented by a marked sense of community implying human tragedy yet framing it within precariously situated human-animal, colonial or urban-imperial transitions that visualise animals as agents of change and co-shaping species interdependent with the lives of the humans that utilize and domineer them. Animals are required whenever Orwell aspires to shift from isolation to communality, from the self-conscious outsider to the larger realm of ideas framing the world in which his characters strive to overstep the accepted lines of social performance and conformity. Read in and around disciplinary structures of rationalization, Orwell’s animals appear to secure themselves, quite paradoxically, a place within the normative anthropocentric framework excluding them. They extend beyond anthropomorphising or allegorical modes of description and open up bio-political perspectives within and across regimes of knowledge and empathy. Orwell’s writings thus present a challenge to the culturally accredited fantasy of human exceptionalism, collapsing any epistemic space between humans and animals and burying the idea of sustaining radical species distinction.
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Rabbi, Shakil. "A Rhetoric of Decency:." Crossings: A Journal of English Studies 6 (December 1, 2015): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.59817/cjes.v6i.194.
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Theorists of writing have called for it “to be placed within the different practices that actualize the mental process” (Clark & Ivanic ̌93). In my presentation I will look at the writings of George Orwell to articulate a textual understanding of writing as placed within different practices that actualize the mental process. I will especially present an analysis of the term decency as occupying a central place in Orwell’s writings about Spain, shuttling between a concept descriptive naming the Spanish character enabling identification for his English audience in Homage to Catalonia to a criticalnormative on which the writer argues for a form of socialism in “Looking Back on the Spanish Civil War.” To make this argument I will look at Orwell’s two published writings on Spain in the context of literacy theory and writing studies scholarship, and situate his overall composition process in terms of the contextual information provided in the letters he wrote in connection to the two works. Subsequently, I will extrapolate my analysis of Orwell’s works to present the theory of literacy as “exquisite circumspection” (Ong) as a necessary corollary to the notion of “recursive thinking process” in writing in terms of a predisposition to continuously inquire and imaginatively translate ideas through the act of writing down based on context and newly emergent goals.
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Pardy, Bruce. "Animal Farm Revisited: An Environment Allegory." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 30, no. 1 (June 1, 1999): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v30i1.6016.
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In 1945, George Orwell wrote Animal Farm, a story about barnyard animals who overthrow their tyrannical human master but end up creating an equally oppressive hierarchy. "All animals are equal", reads the seminal line in the book, "but some animals are more equal than others". Animal Farm was an allegory about the Soviet Union under Stalin, although Orwell intended it to have wider application also. "It is" wrote Orwell in the blurb for the first edition, "the history of a revolution that went wrong – and of the excellent excuses that were forthcoming at every step for the perversion of the original doctrine". In "Animal Farm Revisited" Orwell's template has been applied to the environmental question. In a multitude of countries, including New Zealand, and in the international sphere, environmental law suffers from a plethora of good intentions and a paucity of concrete principles. Indeed, the history of environmental protection could be described as the story of an intention gone astray – and of the excellent explanations that have been forthcoming for the qualification of its purpose. "Animal Farm Revisited" is a kind of environmental Rorschach test: at what moment do actions become environmentally inappropriate? Many answers are possible. The story is not specifically about the Resource Management Act 1991, but its themes are relevant to the Act and its interpretation.
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Chen, Hua. "Exploring Human Nature: A Comparative Analysis of William Golding's Lord of the Flies and George Orwell's Animal Farm." Communications in Humanities Research 32, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): None. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/32/20240072.
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This in-depth comparative analysis embarks on a captivating journey into the exploration of human nature as depicted in two enduring literary masterpieces: William Golding's timeless Lord of the Flies and George Orwell's thought-provoking Animal Farm. Through a meticulous dissection of character interactions, allegorical motifs, and underlying themes, this study unveils the intricate ways in which both authors delve into the depths of human behavior and societal constructs. Golding's narrative plunges readers into the primal instincts that sur-face within a group of stranded boys, shedding light on the raw potential for violence and chaos inherent in humanity. Meanwhile, Orwell's allegorical farm animals serve as a lens through which to dissect the insidious influence of power and the erosion of ideals in the face of totalitarian regimes. As we delve further in-to the nuances of these literary works, we discover the distinct artistic lenses through which Golding and Orwell examine human nature. Golding's exploration of the fragility of order within a microcosm reflects the precarious balance be-tween civilization and savagery, while Orwell's satirical depiction unravels the mechanisms by which authority morphs into tyranny. This comparative analysis ultimately underscores the authors' unique yet complementary endeavors to illuminate the complexities of human behavior and the profound impact of societal structures. In doing so, it reaffirms the enduring significance of these narratives as windows into the human experience, resonating across time and culture.
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Fang, Karen. "Rethinking the Orwellian Imaginary through Contemporary Chinese Fiction." Surveillance & Society 17, no. 5 (December 10, 2019): 738–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v17i5.13458.
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Although George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four ([1949] 2003) and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World ([1932] 2006) have long offered contrasting paradigms in surveillance theory, little attention has been paid to how race and cultural difference operate in their respective regimes. This oversight is surprising given race’s centrality in surveillance theory and practice, and it is increasingly anachronistic in light of contemporary geopolitics and the rising power of non-Western states. By contrast, the best-selling and critically acclaimed novels The Fat Years (Koonchung 2013), The Three-Body Problem (Liu 20014), and Death of a Red Heroine (Xiaolong 2000) are all set in modern China and portray issues of surveillance technology, policy, implementation, and resistance previously associated with Western powers. Yet while these later novels’ Chinese settings offer radically different scenarios than our previous touchstones of surveillance imagery, their global popularity also demonstrates their vast resonance and accessibility. Indeed, in strong reaffirmation of Orwell’s and Huxley’s ongoing value—and the value of literature to surveillance theory more generally—these recent China-set novels collapse the Orwell and Huxley dichotomy to offer surprising glimpses into the more culturally diversified twenty-first century global surveillance society.
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Majetic, Senka. "Animal Farm by George Orwell "Speech Act" Detection and Alienation Motif Symbol Operator Corpus Analysis Discussion." Eximia 12 (September 12, 2023): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/eximia.v12i1.341.
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The article Animal Farm by George Orwell "Speech Act" Detection and Alienation Motif Symbol Operator Corpus Analysis Discussion is a practical presentation of the parallel interaction between Language and Society! Speech/Social Acts (according to Searle) Classification Operator and Alienation Motif Symbol Corpus Analysis Operator have been exploited. The test sample, chapter 1 of the novel Animal Farm (pages 4-10) by George Orwell 1944, is being analysed! Null hypothesis: Declarations dominate in the novel Animal Farm by George Orwell 1944 and Null hypothesis Alienation is the background of the novel Animal Farm by George Orwell 1944 are being tested. Marx´s classification of alienation from the product of labour, alienation from the activity of labour, alienation from humanity and society corpus analysis operator have been tested and presented.
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Mullen, Lisa J. "‘The few cubic centimetres inside your skull’: a neurological reading of George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." Medical Humanities 45, no. 3 (June 25, 2018): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2017-011404.
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Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), George Orwell’s political satire on state surveillance and mind control, was written between 1946 and 1948, at a time when new thinking in forensic psychiatry coincided with scientific breakthroughs in neurology to bring questions of criminality, psychotherapy and mental health to the forefront of the popular imagination. This paper examines how Nineteen Eighty-Four inverts psychiatric paradigms in order to diagnose what Orwell sees as the madness of totalitarian regimes. It then goes on to place the novel’s dystopian vision of total surveillance and mind control in the context of the neurological research and brain scanning techniques of the mid-20th century. Not only does this context provide new insight into the enduring power of Orwell’s novel, it also locates it within a historical moment when technological interventions into the brain seemed to offer a paradigm of mental health and illness as a simple, knowable binary. Nineteen Eighty-Four complicates this binary, and deserves to be acknowledged as an early example of what might be called ‘electric shock’ literature, within a mid-20th century canon that includes Harold Pinter’s The Caretaker (1960), Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1962), and Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar (1963).
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Regis, Halessa Fabiane. "1984 George Orwell." Revista Letras Raras 1, no. 1 (April 23, 2013): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35572/rlr.v1i1.51.
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Resumo: Esta resenha traz o mundo utópico negativo que George Orwell criou no ano de 1948, quando escreveu o livro chamado 1984. O livro conta com o protagonista Winston Smith para guiar os leitores pelas páginas de alegria e sofrimento. Ele tenta guiar as pessoas para a compreensão dos poderes por trás de um ideal político, como também pode servir como uma inspiração para que as pessoas lutem por seus direitos humanos. Esta resenha foi escrita depois de feitas leitura do livro, reflexões sobre o ser humano e analogias entre sistemas, logo, levanta questões sobre a caracterização dos seres humanos. Por exemplo, os seres humanos são fracos? As pessoas conseguem suportar o poder e uma forte ideologia? As pessoas podem superar novos’ Big Brothers’? Se sim, por quanto tempo ou o que poderia ser o custo disso? Muitas perguntas ainda precisam ser respondidas, embora o livro mostre sugestões, é difícil entendê-las como a única verdade sobre a natureza humana em relação ao o poder e tecnologia. Nesta resenha há uma introdução, as partes detalhadas do livro 1984, capítulo por capítulo e as reflexões finais. Palavras-chave: 1984, George Orwell, Resenha, Big BrotherAbstract: This review brings the negative utopian world that George Orwell created in 1948 when he wrote the book called 1984. The book counts on the protagonist Winston Smith to guide readers through the pages of joy and suffering. It has tried to guide people to the full understanding of the hidden powers within a specific political view as well as to serve as an inspiration for them to be better prepared to stand for their human rights when needed. This review was written after all the readings, reflections on the human nature and analogies between systems and thus raises questions about the characterization of human beings. For instance, are human beings weak? Can people stand power and a strong ideology? Can people stand new Big Brothers? If so, for how long or what could be the cost of it? Many questions are still to be answered, although the book shows suggestions, it is difficult to understand them as the only truth about human nature in relation to power and technology. In this review there is an introduction, the detailed parts of the book 1984, chapter by chapter and the final reflections. Keywords: 1984, George Orwell, Review, Big Brother.
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Demaitre, Ann. "George Orwell: L'Engagement." History of European Ideas 9, no. 1 (January 1988): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-6599(88)90072-1.
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Da Silva, Lourisvaldo Borges. "1984 - George Orwell." Língu@ Nostr@ 4, no. 1 (September 5, 2016): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22481/lnostra.v4i1.13259.
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984 é o último romance escrito por George Orwell, pseudônimo assumido por Eric Artur Blair (1903-1950), escritor de origem indiana e educação tradicional inglesa, responsável pela criação, magistral, desta que é uma das obras mais importantes do sé-culo XX. Escrito nos últimos anos de vida e publicado em 1949, alguns meses antes da morte de Orwell, 1984, com 65 traduções, está entre os 10 livros mais traduzidos de toda história. A edição da Companhia das Letras, do ano de 2009, tem tradução de Ale-xandre Hubner e Heloisa Jahn e ainda traz os posfácios de Erich Fromm (1961), Bem Pimlott (1989) e Thomas Pynchon (2003).
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Martins, Miriam Mendonça. "George Orwell e a Esquerda Inglesa." Revista Eletrônica História em Reflexão 16, no. 32 (September 30, 2022): 134–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30612/rehr.v16i32.15457.
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Este artigo objetiva analisar as interlocuções entre a obra de George Orwell e a esquerda inglesa, aqui representada por E.P. Thompson e Raymond Williams. Embora estes autores tenham negado a importância de George Orwell para o pensamento crítico de esquerda, acreditamos que suas ideias se entrecruzam através da práxis e do romantismo. Baseando-nos nas pesquisas de Michael Löwy e Robert Sayre acerca do romantismo como uma visão de mundo, pretendemos evidenciar o quanto o projeto político de George Orwell dialoga com o pensamento de autores consagrados pela tradição marxista. Assim como Walter Benjamin e Antonio Gramsci, o literato inglês respondera ao chamado de sua época, comprometendo-se política e socialmente com o combate ao fascismo. Ainda que a sua perspectiva política tenha alternado, ao longo das décadas de 30 e 40, entre a revolução e o reformismo, George Orwell reafirmaria o seu compromisso com o socialismo democrático até a sua morte.
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Blair, Richard. "Entrevista Richard Blair." Intelligere, no. 13 (October 27, 2022): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2447-9020.intelligere.2022.203740.
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Akter, Shammi. "Shooting an Elephant: A study of Hypocrisy; not Heroics." Journal of English Language and Literature 8, no. 1 (August 31, 2017): 595–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v8i1.326.
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Hypocrisy is the practice of engaging in the behavior or activity for which one critics the other. George Orwell’s ‘Shooting an Elephant’ is an essay where hypocrisy is exposed. Because in one side Orwell claims that imperialism is an evil thing and he hates it more bitterly and at the end of the story he establishes himself as an example of a genuine imperialist by performing his noble duty- that really carries his true identity as a hypocrite. It is an act of hypocrisy not heroics in a sense that he shows no courage to express the truth publicly and likes to impose it on the natives. As an agent of British imperialism Orwell shows the tendency of an act of hypocrite by wearing the musk of imperialism and finally unfolded it through the actions and his attitudes. So this paper is a modest attempt to show how hypocrisy is focused through the actions and the descriptions of the narrator who is bold enough in speaking the truth and exposing the lies. Actually the writer as an agent of the British Raj at first knows what he should do to the natives but he tries to show his innocence which becomes an issue here.
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Dr. S. Franklin Daniel. "Novus Ordo Seclorum: The Reality of Orwell’s 1984." Creative Launcher 4, no. 5 (December 31, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2019.4.5.01.
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Are we currently living in the reality of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four? The novel has a definite ring due to the many Orwellian words and concepts that have become part of our parlance, especially the political vocabulary – terms like “Big Brother”, “Doublethink” and “Newspeak” that have gained enormous significance in the present dispensation. The central theme of Nineteen Eighty-Four is the State’s imposition of will upon thought and truth. The world that Orwell envisages does not allow privacy for the individual and does not allow the individual to have a personal identity and also aspires to falsify history. The novel in essence raises disturbing nevertheless pertinent questions with regard to power structure, motives behind the moves of the governments, war, and class distinctions based on economic criteria. There is an invasion on our privacy as the Government is closely monitoring us constantly and more so with the advent of Aadhaar card and the seeding of bank accounts, Pan cards, etc. And quite significantly, we perceive the exact scenario that has been portrayed in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four. The novel has elements of postmodernism because the reader is left in a quandary questioning, whether “Big Brother is real?” and “what apparently is real and what is not”, as a matter of fact, perceptible realities are only social constructs. This paper proposes to revisit Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four by highlighting these pertinent questions of the past– with special reference to the power structure, Big Brother”, “Doublethink” and “Newspeak” and its contemporary significance to today’s society.
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Prudius, Irina G. "Features of Dystopia in P. Christen and S. Verdier’s Graphic Novel Orwell." Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 25, no. 4 (2023): 136–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2023.25.4.065.
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This article analyses the graphic novel Orwell (2019) by French authors Pierre Christin and Sebastian Verdier from the point of view of its genre affiliation, i.e. a dystopia. The author aims to reveal the dystopian characteristics of the texts of this genre in the twentieth century and their transformation in the texts of the early twenty-first century. The author of the article presents an analysis of the graphic novel which examines the history, life, and conditionality of the life position of the writer George Orwell in relation to the reality of his most famous novel, 1984 (1948). In accordance with the aim, the author uses the analysis and synthesis of theoretical information regarding dystopia as a genre, as well as structural-typological and comparative methods as research methods. As a result of the analysis, the author reveals the following characteristics of dystopia in the biographical graphic novel about the life of the English writer: the image of the anti-humanistic society which Orwell lived in, his loneliness and detachment as a confrontation with the imperfect surrounding world filled with fear and despair, the writer’s fight with a totalitarian world order, and the opposition of violence and love. A distinctive characteristic of the graphic novel was the combination of Orwell’s image with the images of rebels from his dystopias which allowed the authors, P. Christen and S. Verdier, to present the English writer as a person struggling with an unacceptable world order with the help of literature. The authors of the early twenty-first century consider Orwell a prophetic figure and bring the writer to the foreground of their graphic novel, thus emphasising the continuity of his views in modern literature which also often shows dystopian features that characterise the instability of the present which we exist in.
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Spiller, Leroy. "George Orwell's Anti-Catholicism." Logos: A Journal of Catholic Thought and Culture 6, no. 4 (2003): 150–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/log.2003.0047.
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MacKillop, Ian. "George Orwell's Expeditionary Force." Cambridge Quarterly XIX, no. 2 (1990): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/camqtly/xix.2.179.
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