Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Geopolitics – asia, central'
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1
Mott, Christopher Douglas. "The formless empire : the evolution of indigenous Eurasian geopolitics." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5149.
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This dissertation seeks to make a unique contribution to the study of geopolitics and empire in Central Asia by focusing on both the indigenous developments of grand strategies and their legacies by examining several key points in the history of the region's geopolitics in order to determine the peculiar and specific nature of regional geopolitical evolution, and how its basic concepts can be understood using such a locally based framework. By putting the focus on several key concepts which hold steady through major societal and technological upheavals, as well as foreign incursion and both the inward and outward migrations, which together create the conditions which I have dubbed ‘The Formless Empire', it is possible to see the elements of a regional and homegrown tradition of grand strategy and geopolitical thinking which is endemic to the area of Inner Eurasia, even as this concept adapts from a totality of political policy to merely frontier and military policy over the course of time. This indigenous concept of grand strategy encompasses political, military, and diplomatic aspects utilizing the key concepts of strategic mobility, and flexible or indirect governance. These political power systems originated in their largest incarnations amongst the nomadic people of the steppe and other people commonly considered peripheral in history, but who in a Central Asian context were the original centerpieces of regional politics until technological changes led to their eclipse by the big sedentary powers such as Russia and China. However, even these well-established states took elements of ‘The Formless Empire' into their policies (if largely relegated to frontiers, the military, and a few informal relationships alone) and therefore the influence of the region's past still lingers on in different forms in the present.
2
Spaiser, Olga A. "Exercising influence in a challenging geopolitical environment : the EU’s 'Far Neighborhood’ policy in Central Asia." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0021.
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En s’appuyant sur le cas d’Asie centrale, cette thèse a pour ambition de comprendre les principes, les mécanismes et le fondement du processus de la politique étrangère européenne actuelle par lesquels l’Union européenne s’efforce de construire une politique de « grand voisinage ». L’objectif central est de savoir si l’Union est en mesure de construire des relations stables et cohérentes avec un espace stratégique et dans un environnement géopolitique complexe, audelà de sa politique européenne de voisinage. Il s’agit donc d’un cas d’étude sur le savoirfaire de l’Europe dans le monde. Notre étude a montré que l'UE essaie d'exercer son influence en prenant un rôle de « consultant ». Elle se présente comme un acteur inoffensif qui agit en dehors de tout enjeu géopolitique et qui offre son expertise. Ainsi, elle prend consciemment la position d'un acteur de second rang. Cependant, nous avons argumenté que sa vision de la région ainsi que son approche sont tout à fait de nature géopolitique, ce que l’UE dénie pourtant. Quant à son influence réelle, elle est limitée notamment en ce qui concerne sa politique normative (promotion de droits de l’homme, et d’état de droit). Bien que l'UE ne soit pas en mesure de rivaliser avec les autres acteurs dans la région (Russie, Chine), elle a pourtant des avantages comparatifs: elle est perçue comme inoffensive et occupe les domaines de sécurité qui sont négligés par les autres acteurs (la gouvernance, les conflits liés à l’eau et la gestion des frontières), jouant ainsi, certes d’acteur indispensableCentral Asia is a region beyond the EU’s direct neighborhood and thus an area that allows the EU to demonstrate its desire to enter the global political stage where it needs to cope with other great powers and to pursue its own strategic interests. However, the Central Asian republics have shown little interest for European transition assistance and political norms, unlike other postcommunist countries in Europe’s orbit. Hence, the central question of our study was thus: How does the EU exert influence in such a challenging geopolitical context? Our empirical results suggest that the EU tries to exert influence in such environment by consciously taking the position of a secondtier actor who acts as a “consultant”, rather than a power, and whose influence is confined to niche domains in the security sphere. The EU is eager to project a picture of itself as an honest broker with no geopolitical agenda in order to enhance its legitimacy; however, its vision of Central Asia being its ‘far neighborhood’ and the related approach unveils the geopolitical nature of its policies through which the EU tries to shape its close and wider environment. However, the EU struggles to put into effect its normative agenda beyond the EU’s direct neighborhood where other normative actors’ influence (Russia, China) exceeds that of the EU. The EU is not a great power in the region that is capable of competing with other external actors. Nor it is willing to become one. It does, however, have comparative advantages in being perceived as inoffensive and for occupying areas that are neglected by the other actors, thus playing the role of a niche actor, albeit an indispensable one
3
Xiaodi, Wu. "Back to the heartland? transformation of Chinese geopolitics and the 'renewed' importance of Central Asia /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Peterson, Michael A. "China's great game in Central Asia : implications to U.S. policy in the region /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FPeterson%5FMichael.pdf.
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CANCARINI, DAVIDE. "LA GEOPOLITICA DELL'ENERGIA IN ASIA CENTRALE DOPO IL DISSOLVIMENTO DELL'UNIONE SOVIETICA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/11376.
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Il dissolvimento dell'Unione Sovietica, alla fine del 1991, ha avuto un impatto di straordinaria rilevanza sull'Asia Centrale. Se il controllo di Mosca sull'area portò alla formazione di entità statuali con confini artificiali e caratterizzate dalla presenza al loro interno di un intricatissimo melting pot etnico, il crollo dell'Urss ha fatto sorgere un inedito scenario geopolitico. Il vuoto di potere registrato nel centro asiatico, infatti, ha generato una serrata competizione diplomatica tra i principali attori del sistema internazionale, ansiosi di accrescere la propria influenza sulla regione. Ciò sulla base dei principali fattori della sua rilevanza strategica, primo fra tutti quello energetico. Prendendo le mosse da tali considerazioni, il progetto di ricerca – utilizzando un approccio storico-politico – mira ad analizzare la geopolitica dell'energia relativamente al Turkmenistan, paese che dispone delle quarte riserve mondiali di gas naturale. Sulla base, da un lato, delle peculiari caratteristiche di tale risorsa e, dall'altro, dell'impatto del suo possesso sulla sfera politica interna e la proiezione internazionale della Repubblica centro asiatica, ci si propone di stabilire se quest'ultima abbia la possibilità di accrescere in futuro il proprio ruolo geopolitico, diventando un attore al centro delle dinamiche strategiche regionali e globali.The crumbling of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991 has represented a decisive moment for Central Asia. Moscow's control over the area favoured the formation of state actors characterized by artificial frontiers and an extraordinary ethnic mix. On the other hand, the soviet dissolution has led to a new geopolitical situation. The lack of power experimented in the region has generated an international diplomatic race, with the main state actors eager to increase their influence over Central Asia. This mainly due to the strategic relevance of the area, especially related to the energy dimension. By starting from these assumptions, the research project aims to analyze – by adopting an historical-political approach – the geopolitics of energy with reference to Turkmenistan, a country that has at its disposal the fourth biggest reserves of natural gas globally. On the basis of the specific properties of this raw material on the one hand, and of the impact of its possession on the turkmen political sphere, on the other, the issue is defined. The goal is to establish whether Turkmenistan has the chance to increase its future geopolitical role, becoming an actor at the heart of regional and global strategic dynamics.
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CANCARINI, DAVIDE. "LA GEOPOLITICA DELL'ENERGIA IN ASIA CENTRALE DOPO IL DISSOLVIMENTO DELL'UNIONE SOVIETICA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/11376.
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Il dissolvimento dell'Unione Sovietica, alla fine del 1991, ha avuto un impatto di straordinaria rilevanza sull'Asia Centrale. Se il controllo di Mosca sull'area portò alla formazione di entità statuali con confini artificiali e caratterizzate dalla presenza al loro interno di un intricatissimo melting pot etnico, il crollo dell'Urss ha fatto sorgere un inedito scenario geopolitico. Il vuoto di potere registrato nel centro asiatico, infatti, ha generato una serrata competizione diplomatica tra i principali attori del sistema internazionale, ansiosi di accrescere la propria influenza sulla regione. Ciò sulla base dei principali fattori della sua rilevanza strategica, primo fra tutti quello energetico. Prendendo le mosse da tali considerazioni, il progetto di ricerca – utilizzando un approccio storico-politico – mira ad analizzare la geopolitica dell'energia relativamente al Turkmenistan, paese che dispone delle quarte riserve mondiali di gas naturale. Sulla base, da un lato, delle peculiari caratteristiche di tale risorsa e, dall'altro, dell'impatto del suo possesso sulla sfera politica interna e la proiezione internazionale della Repubblica centro asiatica, ci si propone di stabilire se quest'ultima abbia la possibilità di accrescere in futuro il proprio ruolo geopolitico, diventando un attore al centro delle dinamiche strategiche regionali e globali.The crumbling of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991 has represented a decisive moment for Central Asia. Moscow's control over the area favoured the formation of state actors characterized by artificial frontiers and an extraordinary ethnic mix. On the other hand, the soviet dissolution has led to a new geopolitical situation. The lack of power experimented in the region has generated an international diplomatic race, with the main state actors eager to increase their influence over Central Asia. This mainly due to the strategic relevance of the area, especially related to the energy dimension. By starting from these assumptions, the research project aims to analyze – by adopting an historical-political approach – the geopolitics of energy with reference to Turkmenistan, a country that has at its disposal the fourth biggest reserves of natural gas globally. On the basis of the specific properties of this raw material on the one hand, and of the impact of its possession on the turkmen political sphere, on the other, the issue is defined. The goal is to establish whether Turkmenistan has the chance to increase its future geopolitical role, becoming an actor at the heart of regional and global strategic dynamics.
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Ferreira, Solange Reis 1964. "Grande estratégia e ordem regional : a política de energia dos Estados Unidos na Ásia Central e no Cáucaso." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280941.
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Orientador: Sebastião Carlos Velasco e CruzTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Esta tese analisa a política externa de energia dos Estados Unidos na Ásia Central e no Cáucaso após a Guerra Fria. Ambas as regiões foram incluídas na grande estratégia do país, pois o fim da fronteira ideológica criou a oportunidade para que os Estados Unidos estendessem sua hegemonia. Como os recursos energéticos regionais representavam novas opções para o mercado global e condicionavam as relações entre as antigas repúblicas soviéticas, os assuntos de energia tornaram-se o princípio orientador da política externa dos Estados Unidos para essas regiões. Ademais, controlar o comércio global de energia sempre fora parte do processo de construção da Pax Americana. Nos governos Bill Clinton e George W. Bush, o planejamento implicou uma política de "portas abertas" para que o capital internacional não encontrasse barreiras de entrada. O objetivo era desenvolver os setores de petróleo e gás, e a capacidade de exportação dos países produtores. A primeira meta era aumentar a segurança energética europeia, cuja dependência em relação à Rússia interferia nos interesses estratégicos dos Estados Unidos. Tal propósito encontrou inúmeros obstáculos, sendo o principal deles o domínio russo sobre as rotas de distribuição. Diante deste quadro, o plano de ação adquiriu um caráter geopolítico, visando reduzir o monopólio russo e a projeção iraniana nas regiões. A baixa permeabilidade regional à influência da superpotência contribuiu para o fracasso do projeto. Na gestão Obama, as possibilidades surgidas com a "revolução de xisto" nos Estados Unidos indicam que a abordagem geoestratégica poderá ser substituída por uma lógica comercial, com maior foco nas nações consumidoras no entorno da Ásia Central e do Cáucaso
Abstract: This thesis analyses U.S. energy foreign policy in Central Asia and Caucasus after the Cold War. Both Regions became part of the American grand strategy, as the end of the ideological frontier created the opportunity for the extension of U.S. hegemony. Since regional energy resources meant new options for the global market and shaped the relations among the old soviet republics, energy became the guiding principle for U.S. foreign policy in those regions. Besides, the control of global energy trade had always been part of the building process of Pax Americana. In Bill Clinton's and George W. Bush's administrations, the plan implied an "open door" policy for the international capital not to face any barriers. The objective was to develop oil and gas sectors and the export capacity of the producing countries. A primary goal was to increase European energy security, whose dependence towards Russia affected U.S. strategic interests. This purpose encountered several obstacles, the main one being Russian domain over distribution routes. This framework led to a geopolitical action plan aimed to reduce Russian monopoly and Iranian projection. The regional impermeability to an influence from a superpower contributed to the failure of the project. In Obama's administration, the possibilities that arouse with "shale revolution" in U.S. suggest that the geostrategic approach might be replaced by a commercial logic, with a greater focus on consuming nations in the vicinity of Central Asia and the Caucasus
Doutorado
Ciencia Politica
Doutora em Ciência Política
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Stutte, Corey. "An Examination of Central Asian Geopolitics Through the Expected Utility Model: The New Great Game." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2513.
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The New Great Game is a geopolitical competition between regional stakeholders over energy resources in Central Asia. The author seeks to use the expected utility voting model based on Black's median voter theorem for forecasting the New Great Game in Central Asia. To judge the external validity of the voting model, the author uses data from the Correlates of War project data set, to formulate three distinct models based only on the numbers in 1992 and 1993. Capabilities and alliance data were used to develop balance of power positions and compare the outcome of 100 simulations to the actual outcome in 2000 based on Correlates of War project data. This allows us to judge whether the emergence of Russia's weak advantage as well as the continuation of the competition in the New Great Game as of 2000 could have been predicted based on what was known in 1992 and 1993. By using only one year's data to forecast the New Great Game, we are able to eliminate historical and researcher bias and judge the applicability of the model in global policy and strategic analysis.Ph.D.
Other
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs PhD
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Aghaie, Joobani Hossein. "Meta-Geopolitics of Central Asia : A Comparative Study of the Regional Influence of the European Union and the Shanghai Co-operation Organization." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-100397.
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Central Asia has been the focal point of intense geopolitical power struggle throughout history. At the dawn of the 21st century, Central Asia has undergone major changes as the European Union and the China-led Shanghai Co-operation Organization have emerged as two normative powers, both seeking to influence the patterns of security governance in the region. This study aims to delve deep into ‘the black boxes’ of the EU’s and China’s foreign policies toward five CA republics. It starts from the premise that the bulk of research on Eurasian politics tend to concentrate mostly on realist and traditional geopolitical doctrine, which seem to have failed to properly explain the normative and ideational transformations that have taken place in the region as a result of the presence of these two emerging normative agents. By interweaving both realist and constructivist theories of International Relations (IR) into a new all-encompassing analytical framework, termed “meta-geopolitics”, the thesis seeks to trace and examine how geopolitical as well as normative components of the EU and Chinese regional strategies have affected the contemporary power dynamics in the post-Soviet space. I argue that, in contrast to the geopolitical struggle during the 19th and 20th centuries, a clash of normative powers is brewing in the region between China, under the aegis of the SCO, and the EU. The research also concludes that China has relatively been in a better position in comparison to the EU to render its policies as feasible, effective and legitimate to the Central Asian states.
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Zhang, Yike. "La Chine en Asie centrale à travers l’étude de l’Organisation de Coopération de Shanghai." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040255.
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L’émergence de la Chine ajoute une nouvelle donnée dans la reconfiguration géopolitique de l’Asie centrale après la dissolution de l’Union soviétique. Cependant il y a peu de connaissances sur les intentions de la Chine en Asie centrale et la façon dont la politique chinoise se développe vers cette région. Tout en partant de la méthodologie géopolitique, et empruntant quelques théories des relations internationales, l’étude analyse le positionnement de la Chine en Asie centrale. Nous constatons que la Chine s’adapte de plus en plus à la nouvelle situation centrasiatique par l’adoption de l’approche multilatérale dans sa politique étrangère. Ses activités dans la région sont principalement soutenues par l’Organisation de Coopération de Shanghai, dont le prédécesseur est le Shanghai Cinq visant à résoudre la démarcation et la démilitarisation des zones frontalières. La Chine est ainsi devenue un acteur majeur et flexible, qui a relativement bien réalisé ses intérêts nationaux, tels que la stabilité du Xinjiang, la sécurité des frontières, le développement économique et l’importation énergétiqueThe emergence of China adds a new data in the geopolitical reconfiguration of Central Asia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. However, there is little knowledge about the intentions of China in Central Asia and how China’s policy is developing towards the region. Using the geopolitical methodology and borrowing some theories of international relations, the study examines the positioning of China in Central Asia. We noticed that China is becoming increasingly better adapted to the new Central Asian situation by adopting a multilateral approach in its foreign policy. Its activities in the region are mainly supported by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, whose predecessor is the Shanghai Five to resolve the demarcation and demilitarization issues of the border areas. China has become a major and flexible player, which has relatively well achieved its national interests, such as Xinjiang’s stability, border security, economic development and energy imports
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Zhang, Yike. "La Chine en Asie centrale à travers l’étude de l’Organisation de Coopération de Shanghai." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040255.
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L’émergence de la Chine ajoute une nouvelle donnée dans la reconfiguration géopolitique de l’Asie centrale après la dissolution de l’Union soviétique. Cependant il y a peu de connaissances sur les intentions de la Chine en Asie centrale et la façon dont la politique chinoise se développe vers cette région. Tout en partant de la méthodologie géopolitique, et empruntant quelques théories des relations internationales, l’étude analyse le positionnement de la Chine en Asie centrale. Nous constatons que la Chine s’adapte de plus en plus à la nouvelle situation centrasiatique par l’adoption de l’approche multilatérale dans sa politique étrangère. Ses activités dans la région sont principalement soutenues par l’Organisation de Coopération de Shanghai, dont le prédécesseur est le Shanghai Cinq visant à résoudre la démarcation et la démilitarisation des zones frontalières. La Chine est ainsi devenue un acteur majeur et flexible, qui a relativement bien réalisé ses intérêts nationaux, tels que la stabilité du Xinjiang, la sécurité des frontières, le développement économique et l’importation énergétiqueThe emergence of China adds a new data in the geopolitical reconfiguration of Central Asia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. However, there is little knowledge about the intentions of China in Central Asia and how China’s policy is developing towards the region. Using the geopolitical methodology and borrowing some theories of international relations, the study examines the positioning of China in Central Asia. We noticed that China is becoming increasingly better adapted to the new Central Asian situation by adopting a multilateral approach in its foreign policy. Its activities in the region are mainly supported by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, whose predecessor is the Shanghai Five to resolve the demarcation and demilitarization issues of the border areas. China has become a major and flexible player, which has relatively well achieved its national interests, such as Xinjiang’s stability, border security, economic development and energy imports
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Nascimento, Flávio Augusto Lira [UNESP]. "Federação Russa e OTAN: uma análise das políticas de Moscou em relação a Aliança Ocidental." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96019.
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A presente dissertação faz um estudo sobre as ações de Moscou em relação à Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte – OTAN – desde a concepção desta, em 1949, até o último governo de Vladimir Putin, findo em 2008. O trabalho pretende, além de identificar tais atitudes, apresentar as razões pelas quais a Rússia pode ser a favor ou contrária às ações da OTAN. Os materiais utilizados para a confecção desta dissertação compreendem livros e revistas especializados em Rússia, Eurásia, Geopolítica e Relações Internacionais, periódicos, documentos oficiais e não-oficiais e mapas, havendo, após sua coleta, uma análise histórica.
The current dissertation carries out a study on Moscow’s actions concerning the North Atlantic Treaty Organization – NATO – since its inception, in 1949, until Vladimir Putin’s last administration, which ended in 2008. Besides identifying such behavior, this work seeks to present the reasons why Russia can be in favor or against NATO’s actions. The making of this dissertation was based on books and journals specialized in Russia, Eurasia, Geopolitics and International Relations, periodicals, official and nonofficial documents and maps, all of these being followed by a historical analysis.
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Gunduc, Yildirim. "Energy Security And Central Asian Geopolitics." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615176/index.pdf.
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Energy security has become an important part of national security policies in the last decades. Policies concerning energy security are designed and implemented in different ways by countries based on their geographical, political and economic imperatives.
This thesis analyzes the securitization of energy resources in Central Asia and the roles of the US, China, India and Russia as major actors of the Central Asian energy politics in the post-Soviet period. The conditions shaping Central Asian countries decision making process&rsquoas well as the policies and priorities of the US, China, India and Russia are analyzed in the light of latest energy policy developments and related pipeline projects in the region. While doing so, this thesis aims to compare and contrast the practices and policies of the US, China, India and Russia in securing access to energy resources of Central Asia.
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Nascimento, Flávio Augusto Lira. "Federação Russa e OTAN : uma análise das políticas de Moscou em relação a Aliança Ocidental /." Marília : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96019.
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Orientador: Suzeley Kalil MathiasBanca: Hector Luís Saint-Pierre
Banca: Samuel Alves Soares
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"
Resumo: A presente dissertação faz um estudo sobre as ações de Moscou em relação à Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte - OTAN - desde a concepção desta, em 1949, até o último governo de Vladimir Putin, findo em 2008. O trabalho pretende, além de identificar tais atitudes, apresentar as razões pelas quais a Rússia pode ser a favor ou contrária às ações da OTAN. Os materiais utilizados para a confecção desta dissertação compreendem livros e revistas especializados em Rússia, Eurásia, Geopolítica e Relações Internacionais, periódicos, documentos oficiais e não-oficiais e mapas, havendo, após sua coleta, uma análise histórica.
Abstract: The current dissertation carries out a study on Moscow's actions concerning the North Atlantic Treaty Organization - NATO - since its inception, in 1949, until Vladimir Putin's last administration, which ended in 2008. Besides identifying such behavior, this work seeks to present the reasons why Russia can be in favor or against NATO's actions. The making of this dissertation was based on books and journals specialized in Russia, Eurasia, Geopolitics and International Relations, periodicals, official and nonofficial documents and maps, all of these being followed by a historical analysis.
Mestre
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De, Favari Lodovica <1997>. "La competizione geopolitica in Asia Centrale: sfide ed ambizioni del potere normativo europeo." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21458.
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L’elaborato mira ad analizzare le azioni di politica estera intraprese dall’Unione Europea (UE) nei confronti delle cinque Repubbliche del territorio centroasiatico, nel contesto della nuova competizione geopolitica formatasi nella regione a partire dalla dissoluzione dell’Unione Sovietica (URSS) e la conseguente dichiarazione d’indipendenza delle Repubbliche di Kazakhistan, Uzbekistan, Tagikistan, Kirghizistan e Turkmenistan. Invero, il territorio centroasiatico ha acquisito un ruolo rilevante nelle relazioni internazionali in virtù delle grandi risorse energetiche presenti nella regione, e della posizione geografica tra due potenze mondiali come Cina e Russia, e paesi sensibili per la sicurezza internazionale come Afghanistan e Iran. In questo contesto, le politiche europee basate sul potere normativo dell'UE, si sono differenziate dalle azioni delle altre potenze mondiali che mirano ad instaurare delle sfere di influenza nell’area. La presente tesi, analizzando gli aspetti che caratterizzano la politica, l’economia e la società dei Paesi dell’Asia Centrale, ha l’obiettivo di studiare le ambizioni e i limiti delle politiche europee dirette al territorio con lo scopo di esportare le pratiche, le regole, ed i valori fondamentali europei, come la pace, la democrazia, lo stato di diritto e il rispetto dei diritti umani.
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Stutte, Corey T. "An examination of Central Asian geopolitics through the expected utility model the new great game /." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002861.
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Yusifov, Shahin. "La Turquie dans la politique de l'Azerbaïdjan en 1992-1998 : aspects politique, institutionnel et sécuritaire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG011.
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L’écroulement de l’URSS à la fin du XX siècle a donné naissance à quinze nouveaux États indépendants sur un large territoire eurasien. Tel est le cas de l’Azerbaïdjan, l’un des pays du Caucase du sud, qui a regagné son indépendance après l’effondrement du système socialiste en 1991. Grâce à sa situation géographique et à ses richesses énergétiques (pétrole et gaz), l’Azerbaïdjan occupe une place stratégique et fait l’objet d’un « jeu » géopolitique, aussi bien à l’échelle régionale que mondiale entre de grandes puissances telles que les États-Unis, l’Union Européenne, la Russie, la Turquie et quelques autres. En retour, il essaie de jouer son atout, en appliquant une politique étrangère multivectorielle. Parmi eux, la Turquie occupe une place privilégiée dans la politique étrangère de l’Azerbaïdjan, grâce à son histoire, sa langue, sa religion et leurs traditions communes. Cette thèse s’est fixée pour objectif d’analyser les relations qui se sont établies entre l’Azerbaïdjan et la Turquie, en se basant sur trois axes qui constituent les pivots principaux des relations bilatérales entre les deux États: politique, économique (commercial) et sécuritaire (stratégique)The collapse of the USSR at the end of the twentieth century has been followed by the creation of fifteen new independent States in the large Eurasian territory. Such is the case of Azerbaijan, which has declared its independence in 1991. Thanks to its geographical position and energy resources (oil and gas) Azerbaijan occupies a geopolitically strategic position and is subject to a geopolitical « game », which implies both regional (Turkey) and great world powers (such as the US, EU and Russia). Consequently, Azerbaijan has adopted a multi-vector foreign policy with its neighbors. Among its neighbors, Turkey, sharing a common history, language, religion and traditions has an important place in the foreign policy of Azerbaijan. In terms of the geopolitical « game », this thesis analyses the relations between Azerbaijan and Turkey. It is based on three axes, as these are the main pillars of bilateral relations between both states. These are political, institutional (commercial) and strategic (security)
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Cain, Tyler Joshua. "Central Asian energy policy : cooperative non-zero sum policy on legal status and pipeline issues benefit local and global actors." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1068.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Sciences
Political Science
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Sinkaya, Bayram. "Conflict And Cooperation In Turkey-iran Relations:1989-2001." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1260457/index.pdf.
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This study sought to answer why conflict in Turkey-Iran relations increased
in the covered period, considering &ndashrelatively- smooth relations between Turkey and Iran in the 1980s, and thermidorizing of Iran in the 1990s. Indeed, ideology has had an important place in bilateral relations between Iran and Turkey for a long time. Ideological factors constituted the immediate reasons for conflict between Turkey and Iran in the 1990s as well. However, ideological differences between the two countries did not cause any serious conflict in the 1980s. Then, the question arises, why and how did ideological reasons led to severe frictions between Iran and Turkey in the 1990s. In this regard, this thesis paid attention to two factors that have profound effects on the foreign policies of Turkey and Iran
changing internal conditions, and the changing geopolitics of Turkey and Iran after the dissolution of the USSR and the Gulf War of 1991.
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Nicholson, Robert Lawrence. "Central-Asia energy geoeconomics and geopolitics : Central Asia’s pursuit of sovereignty and prosperity." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/19647.
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The former-Soviet states that make up Central Asia are among the most challenging group of countries to understand in the twenty-first century geopolitical and geoeconomic context. As one of the last of the world’s frontiers, much of this regions’ energy potential in oil and natural gas has yet to be tapped or, even, be found; and the region’s strategic position make Central Asia a significant region for energy markets and global affairs. The last few decades in Central Asia have been shaped by the determination to develop their energy sectors with a balance between attracting foreign energy firms and preserving its authority over its energy assets. States have also struggled to protect their sovereignty over their political and economic affairs from militant, nationalist or sectarian groups as well as from great powers like Russia and China.
In spite of its many challenges, Central Asia has many opportunities to develop those institutions, regional relationships and positive economic and political practices that will promote a productive energy sector and a thriving economy. Central-Asian states must achieve its goals of establishing an energy policy that secures prosperity for all, promoting productive energy relations with all Central-Asian states, reducing undue foreign influence but promoting foreign cooperation that benefits Central-Asia’s global relationships, and establishing peace and stability that protect energy infrastructure, production and exports.
The future of Central-Asian energy relations can take many different paths and is dependent on the fate of its neighbors Russia, Afghanistan, South Asia and Iran. Russia’s needs for Central Asia’s neighbors to become unstable or inhospitable to energy development, but peace in Afghanistan and Pakistan can open new markets for Central Asia; and changes in Iran can unlock new opportunities to ship oil and gas to Western markets around Russia. For all that the region has endured since independence, the world should apply greater value on this region as its energy prowess and strategic importance make Central Asia an influential player in twenty-first century global relations.text
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TSAI, CHIA-LING, and 蔡佳玲. "China's Central Asia Strategy in the Post Cold War-Viewpoints of Geopolitics." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93055687405569740944.
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碩士開南大學
公共事務管理學系
98
The disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1992, giving rise to the independence of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, had an significant change in Central Asia circumstance. From then on, these five countries became nation-states with full sovereignty. With the rapid growth of economy, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has been playing an important role in the global community since the policy of reform and opening up was started in 1978. And since then China has changed its view of the world: Under the concept of “Five Principles”, China transfers her policy from “tao guang yang hui” (韜光養晦) to “peaceful rise and peaceful development” （和平崛起與和平發展）. This thesis applies an approach of geopolitics, in which geography is the foundation of national security strategy, to discuss how China to develop its Central Asian strategy. The proverb said by Napoleon Bonaparte, “when you understand the geography of one nation, you can understand its foreign policy” is absolutely correct. A detailed research to Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is discussed in this thesis. Being founded on China’s regional security strategy, SCO both prevents from the independence of Xinjiang and provides the regional security in Central Asia. In the meantime, through developing economic relationship with Central Asia, the affluent supply of petroleum resource of that area will accelerate the steps of China’s “Western Development” policy. Above all, these will indeed keep the balance of power with the United States in Eurasia. To the author, the role of SCO is extremely important to PRC to which SCO can procure its goal on regional security strategy in Central Asia.
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Chu, Wei-Yun, and 朱韋昀. "Reconstructure New Order in Central Asia: geopolitics, great power engagement and Regional Security." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57069245791663101354.
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Chen, Chang-Hua, and 陳章華. "The Research on the Energy Cooperation between Central Asia and China from the Geopolitics Viewpoint." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80801874066814368107.
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碩士清雲科技大學
中亞研究所
100
The energy is humanity's livelihood foundation,Recent years various countries grew day by day to the petroleum and the natural gas demand,And China has become the world second big petroleum country of consumption,In 2011 consumes the petroleum the approximately 468,000,000 tons, the petroleum foreign degree of dependency also reaches 54.8%, to guarantee that its national overall benefit.Separately with areas and so on Middle East, Africa, South America and Central Asia, South Asia launches the cooperation in the field of energy. Central Asia located at northwest region of China, the petroleum and the natural gas output are rich, has become world might and so on US, Russia, European Union, Japan to compete with the cooperation object,China based on the geography superiority. from 2006 to 2011 with Khazakhstan, Turkmenistan has completed the crude oil and the natural gas transportation pipeline cooperation separately success.It reduce largely to the Mideast petroleum dependence for China, and may also avoid the sea transportation energy the risk.NO doubt today China and the Central Asia cooperation in the field of energy entered the essence, the integrity stage,This thesis conduct the mothodoloy have of the new geopolitics theory from politics, the geography, the economy and ideology to discusses China and the Central Asia cooperation in the field of energy the best benefit.
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Dresler, Jan. "Vodní zdroje Kyrgyzstánu jako geopolitický nástroj." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-368295.
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The thesis deals with the importance of water resources and their influence on political development with the example of Kyrgyzstan. The main objective was to find out the role of water resources in domestic politics, how water influences the relationship between Kyrgyzstan and its neighbors, and whether water resources are of interest to the world's superpowers. Geopolitical analysis was carried out on three levels. At national level, water scarcity, uneven distribution and obsolete water systems are a cause of civil discontent. Corruption in the state sphere negates the possibility of modernization of existing water facilities. Water management is dependent on non-governmental associations and foreign financial assistance. At regional level, there is constant tension between Kyrgyzstan, where all the important rivers of the region rise, and the states lying downstream of these rivers. The cause of this tension is different demands of individual states on water use. International treaties address the situation, but are mostly non-functional in the long term. At the supra-regional level, the interests of especially Russia and China collide. Both superpowers seek to prevent US influence in the region. At the same time, they gain a dominant position in Kyrgyzstan in the economic and security spheres....
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Sandilya, Hrishabh. "Determinanty indické geopolitické strategie ve Střední Asii." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-350134.
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Teze disertační práce Pracoviště: Institut politologických studií FSV UK Praha Jméno studenta: Hrishabh Sandilya Název disertační práce: The Geopolitical Determinants of India's Central Asia Strategy Školitel: prof. PhDr. Bořivoj Hnízdo, Ph.D. Oponenti: prof. RNDr. Vladimír Baar, CSc.; Mgr. Martin Riegl, Ph.D. Termín a místo obhajoby: FSV UK, 11/2015 Osnova tezí: 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Research Method & Design 4. Contributions to Literature 5. Organization of Chapters 6. Conclusions 7. Selected Bibliography 8. Interviewees 1. Abstract This dissertation aims to identify the drivers and determinants of Indian strategy and policy with regard to the five post-Soviet, Central Asian states of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan within a geopolitical framework. Contemporary scholarship recognizes three determinants (drivers) of Indian strategy in the region - security and strategic necessity, energy diversification given Central Asia's abundant natural resources, and, economic engagement and connectivity. Using this identification as a stepping-stone, the dissertation seeks to rest the validity of these assumptions, and explore these determinants in detail. In addition, it attempts to identify other determinants of Indian strategy, and offers a conceptual framework through which...
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Vosátková, Veronika. "Geopolitika Ruska - její konstanty a proměny v období po rozpadu SSSR." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-341532.
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As the diploma's thesis it was chosen the theoretical analysis of the geopolitical position of Russia. The primary objective of this study is the evaluation of current geopolitics of the Russian Federation after the collapse of Soviet Union and outlines its future development. This work tries to answer a few basic questions. What is the current geopolitical situation in Russia, in what direction it develops, and whether we can declare a major shift to any direction. The work is divided into several main parts. Introduction is followed by a theoretical grasp of key concepts and the main actors involved in geopolitics. The other two parts contain an analysis of the relationship of Russia to key actors such as the US and NATO, the EU, China, Ukraine, the near neighborhood in Central Asia and the Transcaucasia and geopolitics of oil and natural gas. The last is practical part, in which the information from the previous sections is applied to specific examples in Russian foreign policy. Keywords: Geopolitics, Russia, eurasianism, foreign policy, the US, the EU, China, Central Asia, Ukraine, NATO, energy policy, oil, natural gas
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Lídl, Václav. "Zahraniční politika Uzbekistánu (2001-2012): kyvadlová diplomacie mezi USA a Ruskem." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-333069.
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This diploma thesis deals with the creation of Uzbekistan's foreign policy. It attempts to answer three main research questions: What were the chief goals of Tashkent's foreign policy? What were the factors that influenced the creation of Uzbekistan's foreign policy? Which factors and causes played the decisive role in the case of Uzbekistan's most significant foreign policy turnovers in 2001, 2005 and 2012? It claims the principal aims of Uzbekistan's foreign policy were threefold. Firstly, it was the preservation of Uzbekistan's independence. Secondly, it was the strengthening and securing of Karimov's regime. Finally, it was the attempt to become the regional leader in Central Asia. Subsequently, the study maintains that the foreign policy formulation was altered by four processes or challenges which the regime in Tashkent had to cope with. These were namely the challenge of geopolitical position, establishing of a viable political system, transforming the command economy, and the threat of radical or political Islam. Uzbekistan's pendulum diplomacy between the US and Russia is a new term coined for the purposes of this study. I argue that Tashkent was prone to change abruptly its strategic partner in order to secure its three strategic imperatives. Hence, there occurred three turnovers of...
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KO, WEN-CHIN, and 柯文金. "The Central Asia Geopolitical Strategy of the People’s Republic of China." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/296b7n.
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碩士國防大學
戰略研究所
107
Due to Central Asia owns abundant energy resources, which attracts international powers to these huge interests. China’s rapid economic development that doubts about its energy security, and China will not naturally miss the opportunity to compete for energy in Central Asia. On the other hand, Central Asian region has long been filled with the “three strengths” and its geographical location adjacent to China, which has made China feel shocked by its surrounding security and economic development, especially in Xinjiang, where is the key area for maintaining security in the northwestern border. Therefore, the analysis of China's geostrategic goals, strategies in terms of perimeter security, economic development and energy security in Central Asia will be important agenda of this study. There are three main findings in this study. Firstly, the core idea of China's geostrategy: continuing to create a safe geographical environment with the neighboring countries through the “good neighborly friendship policy.” Secondly, Central Asia's geostrategic environment changes: With the independence of the five Central Asian countries, their comprehensive national strengths have gradually grown. The ruling authorities have adopted flexible, pragmatic, diversified and flexible diplomatic strategies and international powers. This new type of geostrategic environment will become a more comprehensive international political structure and stabilize the situation in Central Asia. Thirdly, exploring China's geostrategic strategy: the China's geostrategic strategy for Central Asia is very clear, that hopes to maintain stable bilateral relations with Central Asia and to create a geostrategic environment conducive to its own economic development. China will continue to expand its economic and trade cooperation with the Central Asian region through the economic cooperation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, providing a space for the CCP’s Western Development Policy and the Silk Road Economic Belt Initiative, both in terms of domestic economic development and geo-economic Far-reaching geostrategic significance.
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Cheng, GU, and 程穀. "China''s Oil Diplomacy Towards the Central Asia-Form Viewed the Geopolitical Perspective." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33233143271821796838.
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碩士國立中興大學
國際政治研究所
96
Abstract Since the execution of reformation in 1978, China’s economy has been soaring and so has its demand of oil. China used to be self-sufficient in oil. Until 1993 when it started to import oil. In 2004, China imported more than one hundred tons of oil. For the time being, China has already become the second largest energy resources consumer in the world. It is said that around 2020, the import of oil might reach the amount of three hundred tons and China would be the largest petrol importer. In order to have enough oil supply, China keeps finding oil sources in the International market through many ways. For example, china zealously develops trade relationship with some Mid-Asian countries, such as Kirghizia and Kazakhstan, and collaborates with them to develop oil resources. This thesis discuss mainly about 3 points. First, the background and the feature of China’s petrol diplomacy. Second, how China deals with their oil diplomacy. Third, what challenges and effect China faces while competing with other strong countries, such as the U.S. , Russia.,Japan,India. This thesis analyses these points by geopolitics, and reaches to four conclusions. Firstly, China develops oil diplomacy with countries in the Mid-Asian area and aims to actively take part in the world exploitation of oil reserves. Therefore, the Mid-Asian areas, which adjacent to China, become China’s first choice. Secondly, the feature of China’s oil diplomacy is to build a diverse oil supply system; hence, the Mid- Asian area is where China attains the goal of having diverse oil import sources to build the basis of China’s oil safety. Thirdly, China’s oil diplomacy is to control the oil in the Mid-Asian area through Shanghai Cooperate Organization, build a harmonious area in the Mid-Asian area to consolidate the oil resources, and strive for the right to exploit the energy in the Mid-Asian area through state-run Corporation. Lastly, the biggest challenge China faces while developing its petrol diplomacy in the Mid-Asian area is the profit conflicts with other strong countries. Therefore, China can be the crucial country to curb other countries, such as the U.S. and Russia, in the Mid-Asian are.
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Dimelis, Konstantinos. "Geopolitické směřování zahraniční politiky Turecka : možnosti a perspektivy." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-322005.
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1 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze the contemporary Turkish foreign policy and to determine whether it is becoming increasingly distant from the West. To answer this question, the thesis maps and analyzes the Turkish international relations with the three main geopolitical regions of the Turkish foreign policy direction: the European Union, central Asia and the Muslim world, especially the Middle East. The direction of the Turkish foreign policy is also illustrated by the empiric part of the thesis - a quantitative event data analysis of the second half of 2012. The analysis leads to the conclusions that negotiations for accession to the European Union gives the impression that Turkey is not being invited. In central Asia Turkey promotes itself in the economic and culture areas only. The contemporary Turkish foreign policy, when Turkey increasingly identifies itself with an Islamic identity, is becoming more independent and its main focus is on the Middle East region. Turkey's ambition is to represent the whole Muslim world. Despite this fact, it cannot be said that Turkey is completely breaking away from the West. On the contrary, Turkey is now closer to the West, facing the increasing influence of Iran.
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Ko, Yi, and 葛一. "The Construction of Geopolitical Strategy for Central Asia in China in terms of the “New Security View”." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22670999222512862768.
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博士中國文化大學
中山與中國大陸研究所博士班
104
After the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the five newly emerged Central Asian countries lost the protection of their home countries and faced with serious obstacles from within and without on their way of development. In terms of its domestic problems, the five Central Asian states face the historical legacy of structural problems that are uneasy to solve: the confrontation between the political parties and the secular government, the incomplete economic structure by nature, as well as the issue of drug abuse,and the complex ethnic and religious conflicts involved in the nation building doctrine of radical Islam.In terms of the external challenges, from the geopolitical point of view and the view of power politics,the collapse of the Soviet Union represents the decline of the Russian forces, which results in a power vacuum in this area. Its rich energy and superior geopolitical position may attract big power competition for this area. From the day of its independence, Central Asia, with its unique geopolitical position, its energy of high economic value, its sensitive religious and cultural characteristics, is destined to become a region targeted by the world’s great powers for its global strategic interests. After the September 11 terrorist attacks, by attacking Afghanistan in the name of global action against terrorism, the United States took the opportunity to strengthen close working relationships with Central Asian countries to ensure its influence in the region and to restrain Communist China. Under the influence of advocating a view of a harmonious world and implementing the Good Neighbor Policy, Central Asia has become one of the major concerns of China, where Shanghai Cooperation Organization was established to strengthen the partnership with the Central Asian countries, especially in the aspects of politics, security, trade, and energy. On the one hand, the organization aims to promote regional peace and stability and maintain the Communist Chinese Party’s national interests; on the other hand, the organization helps to have a breakthrough in countering the U.S. containment strategy. The study concludes that Communist China, as a newly developing world power, has emphasized her regional interests in Central Asia. China leaders’ views on the national security situation determine the main variables in her geopolitical strategy toward Central Asia. Communist China plans their Central Asia policies in accrodrance with the Central Asia’s geopolitical factor and their geostrategies. Different strategic thinking will have a great influence on the Communist Chinese Party’s diplomacy and strategy culture.