Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geophysics in archaeology

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Geophysics in archaeology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Geophysics in archaeology"

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Geary, Andrew. "Seismic Soundoff: Uncovering the hidden history of Ghana." Leading Edge 42, no. 6 (June 2023): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle42060444.1.

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Cyril D. Boateng discusses his SEG field camp, “Investigating the slave trade in southeastern Ghana using integrated geophysical techniques.” He explains the concept behind “the archaeology of slavery” and describes the various geophysical investigations used across four communities. This conversation highlights the significant value that geophysics brings to a problem. It shows how SEG field camps are an invaluable tool for building the next generation of scientists and providing humanitarian benefits.
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Nelson, Peter A. "The Role of GPR in Community-Driven Compliance Archaeology with Tribal and Non-tribal Communities in Central California." Advances in Archaeological Practice 9, no. 3 (August 2021): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aap.2021.14.

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AbstractFor tribes whose preservation values and mitigation strategies for managing cultural heritage are built on an ethic of avoidance and minimal disturbance, geophysical technologies can be key components of the research design. These technologies, most notably ground-penetrating radar, have been used with great success in identifying and evaluating the depth, extent, and composition of some of those resources for heritage research and management purposes, easing tensions when working with sensitive ancestral places. Additionally, research in archaeological geophysics has shifted from feature finding in order to excavate targets of interest to the recognition that geophysical survey can provide data and interpretations for whole sites and landscapes complementary to or beyond that of excavation, especially regarding the intactness and sensitivity of cultural heritage sites. This use of geophysics as a primary method for research rather than a precursor to archaeological research has empowered tribes with another tool to advocate for low-impact investigation of ancestral sites and landscapes that position tribes as pro-science. Geophysical technologies provide scientifically rigorous yet minimally impactful strategies for investigating heritage while satisfying the requirements of academic and compliance archaeology in ways that can also be culturally appropriate for a much broader spectrum of tribal cultural heritage under consideration.
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Gustavsen, Lars, and Lars Anderson Stamnes. "Arkeologisk geofysikk i Norge – En historisk oversikt og statusevaluering." Primitive Tider, no. 14 (December 11, 2021): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/pt.7225.

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Archaeological geophysics in Norway - an historical overview and status evaluation The introduction of archaeological geophysics to Norway has been relatively slow and the methodologies employed are still very much in their infancy. A recently compiled overview indicates that only about 120 surveys have been conducted in Norway over the last 40 years, which is a relatively low number compared with other countries. In other European countries several hundred surveys are conducted annually and archaeological geophysics is generally considered an integral part of archaeological investigations and evaluations. The article gives a short description of the most commonly used methods in archaeology, and focuses on some of the more important geophysical surveys carried out in Norway. Furthermore, it seeks to explain why the Norwegian archaeological milieu has been reluctant to adopt these methods in their work.
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Driessen, Jan, and Apostolos Sarris. "Archaeology and Geophysics in Tandem on Crete." Journal of Field Archaeology 45, no. 8 (October 19, 2020): 571–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2020.1826749.

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Wynn, Jeffrey C. "Archaeological prospection: An introduction to the Special Issue." GEOPHYSICS 51, no. 3 (March 1986): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442107.

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Archaeological prospection, as the use of geophysical methods in archaeology is known in Europe, is about four decades old (seven decades, if aerial photography of archaeological sites is included). Virtually the entire range of geophysical methods, perhaps excluding only borehole techniques, has found application in the search for archaeological sites unseen or partially known. Pressures by developers, and the public’s growing sensitivity toward the preservation of historic and prehistoric cultural artifacts and sites, has led to an accelerating use of high‐resolution geophysical methods in the archaeological sciences. The archaeogeophysical articles in this Special Issue are reasonably representative of the development of this specialty field of geophysics.
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Boucher, Andrew R. "Archaeological feedback in geophysics." Archaeological Prospection 3, no. 3 (September 1996): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0763(199609)3:3<129::aid-arp49>3.0.co;2-#.

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Hill, Ian. "Field geophysics, John Milsom." Archaeological Prospection 11, no. 2 (April 2004): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arp.226.

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Deiana, R., G. Leucci, and R. Martorana. "New Perspectives on Geophysics for Archaeology: A Special Issue." Surveys in Geophysics 39, no. 6 (September 22, 2018): 1035–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-018-9500-4.

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Reynolds, Richard L. "Palaeomagnetism: Principles and applications in geology, geophysics and archaeology." Tectonophysics 111, no. 1-2 (January 1985): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(85)90081-2.

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Bondar, K., S. Vyzhva, I. Sheiko, and R. Kozlenko. "ARCHAEOLOGICAL GEOPHYSICS IN THE WORLD AND IN UKRAINE: BEGINNING, DEVELOPMENT, PRESENT." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 4 (99) (2022): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.99.02.

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The article describes the history of the development of geophysical methods in archaeological studies in Europe, the USA, the former USSR and Ukraine. In the 1950s the researchers quickly proceeded from the first sampling to the mass magnetic and electric measurements. In the 1980s there was a transition to digital registration during field studies, as well as rapid development of data processing. This led to the introduction of some geophysical methods in archaeology, which require complex calculations when processing the signal and inversion of data, such as georadar method, electrical resistivity tomography, induction method, etc. At the current stage, there is a need to interpret these more and more detailed and largescale geophysical data in the context of the differentiation of more and more weak in contrast physical properties, and small-scale inhomogeneities in the soil cover. Confirmation of the anthropogenic and technogenic occurrence of geophysical anomalies is searched for using direct measurement and modeling of physical parameters of soil and archaeological materials. The work also presents the achievements of domestic geophysicists, as they became the basis for the great modern archeological projects and made the archeological geophysics the fundamental part of the cultural heritage research in Ukraine.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geophysics in archaeology"

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Pierce, Christian William. "Three-dimensional geophysics and visualisation in archaeology." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272182.

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Persson, Kjell. "Integrated geophysical-geochemical methods for archaeological prospecting." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279.

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Rice, Matthew R. "Geophysical and archaeological investigations in northern Kualoa Ahupua'a, O'ahu, Hawai'i." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596473.

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I conducted geophysical and archaeological investigations on O'ahu Island, Hawai'i alongside the University of Hawai'i Kualoa Field School. Previous research identified Polynesian colonization of the Hawaiian Islands occurring simultaneously with the accretion of Kualoa peninsula. Because of this we conducted investigations north of the peninsula in an attempt to research initial colonization. Previous archaeological excavations used a sampling strategy that resulted in discontinuous evidence with a lack of knowledge about site architecture and settlement expansion prior to and during peninsula accretion. We employed Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) to perform a continuous subsurface survey over a large area with minimal cost to the environment and labor. GPR identified an anomaly on the northern Kualoa coast that we subsequently excavated and identified as a possible structural complex. It appears and is likely that there was some kind of extension from Kualoa peninsula to the northern Kualoa coastal plain. It seems logical that the northern Kualoa coast was occupied before the southern peninsula stabilized and as the peninsula grew south occupation followed.

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Grabowski, Radoslaw. "Uppåkra: environmental archaeology and Iron Age settlement in southern Sweden." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Miljöarkeologiska laboratoriet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61644.

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Lengyel, Stacey Nicole. "Archaeomagnetic research in the United States midcontinent." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290039.

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This dissertation combines archaeomagnetic and independent chronometric data from 240 archaeological features to develop a regional secular variation curve for the U.S. midcontinent. These data were obtained from features located between 31.5-40.5° N latitude and 82.5-93.5° W longitude that have been dated to between 60 and 10,700 cal BP. The archaeomagnetic samples were collected from 41 sites within this region over the past 35 years under the direction of four different researchers: Robert DuBois (University of Oklahoma), Daniel Wolfman (University of Arkansas and New Mexico State Museum), Wulf Gose (University of Texas at Austin), and myself. In this project, the data are initially smoothed through the moving windows method to form the first approximation of the curve. Outlier analyses and pairwise statistical comparisons are utilized to refine the smoothed curve, and the results are compared to other Holocene-aged secular variation records from North America. These analyses indicate that the final curve should be treated as three distinct segments with different precision and use recommendations. First, the 850-75 cal BP segment can be used to date archaeomagnetic sample from the project area with expected temporal precision of 100-200 years. Second, the 2528-850 cal BP segment can be used cautiously to date archaeomagnetic samples with an expected temporal precision of 200-300 years. Third, the 9755-4650 cal BP segment should be used for contextual dating purposes only, in that an undated sample can be put into a regional context through comparison with the segment's constituent samples. Finally, three archaeological problems are addressed through the archaeomagnetic data. First, archaeomagnetic data are used to resolve the temporal conflict between an eastern Tennessee structure's morphology and a much earlier radiocarbon date obtained for the structure. Then, archaeomagnetic data are used to address a number of internal chronology questions regarding three Powers phase sites in eastern Missouri. Finally, the sequencing of several protohistoric and historic sites in eastern Tennessee is examined through a series of archaeomagnetic data.
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Grap, Rachel. "Landscape-Scale Geophysics at Tel Shimron, Jezreel Valley, Israel." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3295.

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Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetometry were used at Tel Shimron, an archaeological site in Israel’s Jezreel Valley. GPR primarily measures electric properties while magnetometry measures magnetic properties, making them complementary methods for subsurface prospection. Magnetometry can be collected and processed quickly, making it an ideal landscape-scale reconnaissance tool. It takes more time to collect, process, and interpret GPR data, but the result is a higher resolution dataset. In addition, GPR often works better than magnetometry in desert environments such as the Jezreel Valley. Conventional wisdom suggests that GPR should not be used as a landscape-scale reconnaissance tool unless there is ample time to process and interpret the data. Despite this, GPR was used at Tel Shimron with standardized, semi-automated processing routines and eight field technicians to produce an end product. The GPR survey revealed more about the subsurface than magnetometry, including three potential dwellings and a Bronze Age city gate.
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Wiewel, Adam S. "Geophysical and bioarchaeological investigations at the Box Elder Springs site." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1663116421&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Harris, Jane C. "Pieces of a Puzzle: Fitting Electromagnetic Induction into Geophysical Strategies to Produce Enhanced Archaeological Characterisation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/15743.

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Electromagnetic induction (EM) methods have been utilised in a recent surge of archaeological applications across continental Europe, Ireland and Scandinavia. Development of multi-exploration depth instruments and improvements to instrument stability have improved its reputation as an effective method for mapping archaeological remains. Despite these advances, EM methods are comparatively lacking in rigour when for British sites. Through a structured scheme of experimental analysis and fieldwork, this thesis develops an understanding of the responses of EM instruments over a range of British archaeology, including earthworks, field systems, burials, modern remains, and a Cistercian abbey; the results of which demonstrate its effective over a diversity of environments. The impact of instrument-based issues on the collected measurements was quantified through a scheme of experiments targeting instrument drift, calibration and elevation. Dedicated instrument operation and processing workflows were developed based on the collective field and experimental results, which recommend best practice guidelines for improving the quality and accuracy of collected data. The link between instrument measurements and buried archaeology was further developed through a structured analysis of the EM datasets with complementary earth resistance and magnetic results. The integration of the EM, earth resistance and magnetic datasets was utilised to develop an enhanced archaeological characterisation of subsurface features. While the earth resistance and magnetic methods generally responded to different aspects of the buried archaeology, the EM surveys were able to detect a range of responses evident in the results of the former methods. Therefore, the role of EM methods within this characterisation are shown to “bridge the gap” between the earth resistance and magnetic methods, while providing a comprehensive characterisation of the remains in their own right.
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Rezos, Mary. "CONTROLLED RESEARCH UTILIZING GEOPHYSICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE SEARCH FOR BURIED FIREARMS AND MISCELLANEOUS WEAPONS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2756.

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Incorporating geophysical technologies into forensic investigations has become a growing practice. Oftentimes, forensic professionals rely on basic metal detectors to assist their efforts during buried weapons searches, perhaps being used by someone with negligible or limited training, in turn slowing down investigation time and destroying the scene. This has created a need for research in the area of weapons searches, specifically to formulate guidelines for advanced geophysical methods that may be appropriate for locating weapons that have been discarded or buried by criminals attempting to conceal their involvement in a crime. This research project was the first to demonstrate the utility of geophysical technologies at a crime scene or a suspected weapon burial site by detecting and identifying specific types of buried metal targets, including an array of firearms. Controlled testing of 32 buried targets (including sixteen decommissioned street-level firearms, six pieces of assorted scrap metals, and ten blunt or bladed weapons) was conducted using a basic all-metal detector, an advanced metal detector, and a magnetic locator. Overall, a number of important conclusions were drawn from the research project. All forensic targets included in the project were detected with the basic all-metal detector, but only down to the shallower depths. The magnetic locator provided the deepest detection for the largest firearms, scrap metals, and miscellaneous weapons. However, not all forensic targets included in the project were detected due to the detection capabilities inherent to the magnetic locator (i.e. only detecting ferromagnetic items). The advanced metal detector was best suited for detecting the handguns and was able to detect most of the targets, excluding a number of items comprised of iron, down to deeper depths using the factory presets.
M.A.
Department of Anthropology
Sciences
Anthropology MA
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Grabowski, Radoslaw. "Fulachta Fiadh in County Cavan : A study of the use of archaeobotanical, geochemical and geophysical methods on burnt mounds in County Cavan, Ireland." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Miljöarkeologiska laboratoriet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61645.

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This thesis aims at investigating whether archaeobotanical investigations, combined with geochemical (phosphate) and geophysical (magnetic susceptibility) soil surveys, can provide valid data concerning the functional aspects of several burnt mounds detected in County Cavan, Ireland, during the realignment of a local road (N3 between Cavan Town and Belturbet). The results show that the methods can indeed be used to gain data concerning the formation, use and post-depositional aspects governing the nature of these sites. With the exception of one site (which is proven by the analyses not to represent “traditional” burnt mound activities) the sites display indications of animal produce processing as well as some sparse evidence for cereal based activities. The results are not entirely conclusive but indicate that an extended archaeobotanical, geochemical and geophysical investigation coupled with further analyses with methods belonging to environmental archaeology (such as palynology and insect analysis) may potentially be very useful in providing comprehensive information concerning the function of burnt mound sites in County Cavan and Ireland in general.
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Books on the topic "Geophysics in archaeology"

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C, Wynn J., ed. Geophysics in archaeology. Tulsa, Okla: Society of Geophysicists, 1986.

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Oswin, John. A Field Guide to Geophysics in Archaeology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76692-6.

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International Summer School in Archaeology (15th : 2006 : Grosseto, Italy), ed. Seeing the unseen: Geophysics and landscape archaeology. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2009.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. A Field Guide to Geophysics in Archaeology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.

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Anthony, Clark. Seeing beneath the soil: Prospecting methods in archaeology. London: B.T. Batsford, 1996.

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Hašek, Vladimír. Methodology of geophysical research in archaelogy. Oxford, England: Archaeopress, 1999.

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John, Gater, Ovenden Susan, and Institute of Field Archaeologists, eds. The use of geophysical techniques in archaeological evaluations. Reading: Institute of Field Archaeologists, 2002.

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Gaffney, C. F. The use of geophysical techniquesin archaeological evaluations. Birmingham: Institute of Field Archaeologists, 1991.

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1958-, Goodman Dean, ed. Ground-penetrating radar: An introduction for archaeologists. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, 1997.

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Zhurbin, I. V. Geofizika v arkheologii: Metody, tekhnologii︠a︡ i rezulʹtaty primenenii︠a︡. Izhevsk: Udmurtskiĭ in-t istorii, i︠a︡zyka i literatury UrO RAN, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geophysics in archaeology"

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Thiesson, Julien, Christophe Benech, Christian Camerlynck, Michel Dabas, Guillaume Hulin, Vivien Mathé, Christophe Petit, François Xavier Simon, and Quentin Vitale. "Variety in Archaeo-Geophysics: The French Example." In One World Archaeology, 245–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57900-4_9.

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AbstractAs a result of a long history in both archaeology and geophysics, France exhibits a wide panel of practices in archaeo-geophysics, going from archaeologists using geophysics as a supplementary tool for understanding their sites to applied geophysicists using archaeological sites as better constrained features and potential ground feedback. This chapter tries to scan this variety in the practices which overlap with a variety of contexts. After a brief overview of the backgrounds which control the practices in France, we show several examples that illustrate this diversity. Firstly, we will show a set of surveys of rural areas coming from both public and private institutions. Secondly, we will present how archaeological sites in urban areas are assessed with the geophysical techniques. Thirdly, we will address what can be done in what we define as the “specific” context. In each context, we will highlight how geophysical techniques could improve itselves with the help of archaeological sites took as the place for an intensive interdisciplinary research. We conclude that archaeology can be a way to make geosciences progress by bringing together geology, soil science, geotechnics, geochemistry, and geophysics.
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Zhao, Wenke, and Bangbing Wang. "Archaeological Geophysics in China – A Historical Perspective." In One World Archaeology, 93–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57900-4_4.

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AbstractGeophysical methods can efficiently identify and map archaeological features or changes in the matrix of a site. They have been extensively used in Chinese archaeological prospection since the survey for the Mausoleum of the Emperor Wanli of Ming Dynasty in mid-1950s. The evolution of archaeo-geophysics in China is closely linked to advances in emerging geophysical technology, the needs of non-destructive detection from the archaeological community and Chinese fast-growing economy. Throughout the past 70 years, researchers and practitioners witnessed the rapid development of geophysics in the field of Chinese Archaeology. In this chapter, we introduce some key archaeo-geophysical events, for example, a multi-geophysical project was performed by China Geological Survey (CGS), to evaluate the applicability and the effectiveness for archaeological characterisation at the Mausoleum of Qinshihuang, i.e. the first Emperor of the Qin Dynasty, during 2002 and 2003, the scale of which has been the largest in Chinese archaeo-geophysics so far. Besides, we divide these events into four periods, i.e. embryonic stage (1950s–1980), initial stage (1980–2000), development stage (2000–2010), and internationalisation stage (2010–present). Moreover, we also provide some significant case studies, namely ancient city sites and ancillary building remains, ancient tombs, cultural heritage protection, urban underground remains, and underwater archaeology. In a word, the development has paved the way to regular use of geophysical methods in almost all types of potential archaeological interests in China.
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Lowe, Kelsey M., and Ian Moffat. "Has Anything Changed? The Current Roleof Archaeo-geophysics in Australian Archaeological Research and Cultural Heritage Management." In One World Archaeology, 3–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57900-4_1.

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AbstractIn 2012, Australian Archaeology published the paper entitled ‘Review of Geophysical Applications in Australian Archaeology’. The goals of the article were to examine the history of archaeo-geophysics in Australian archaeological research and cultural heritage management (CHM) and consider what factors may have prevented these methods from being utilised in many archaeological investigations to date. It concluded that considerations such as cost, time, instrument availability and lack of theoretical knowledge contributed to the limited uptake of these techniques. This paper also offered suggestions on how geophysical applications were used internationally and whether there was potential for their more extensive use in Australian archaeology. Ten years have passed since this review. Since then, there has been a major increase in the uptake of geophysics in Australian archaeology and CHM. This paper discusses these changes and improvements, and what new opportunities have emerged since 2012. This includes a significant increase in the availability of training in archaeo-geophysics in Australian universities, a deeper engagement with Indigenous communities and the increased availability of equipment.
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Jrad, Abir, Stephen A. Collins-Elliott, Aomar Akerraz, and Hamden Ben Romdhane. "The State of Archaeo-geophysics in the Maghreb: Case Studies from Tunisia and Morocco." In One World Archaeology, 367–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57900-4_14.

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AbstractNorth Africa possesses a rich archaeological heritage, which to a significant degree remains to be investigated. This chapter reviews the current state of archaeo-geophysical research in Tunisia and Morocco, tracing its earliest development in the 1970s up to the present. While geophysical surveys were implemented in both countries within a fairly short amount of time, the uptake has been slow, increasing only in recent decades. Archaeo-geophysical research has also largely been focused on ancient and medieval contexts. From the perspective of rescue archaeology, many sites are threatened by increasing urbanisation and modern development. Geophysical survey offers a key tool to obtain fast, economical, and non-destructive observations on subsurface archaeological remains, allowing for targeted archaeological excavations in the future. Developing training programs in geophysics for archaeologists will help to promote the continuity and health of the field of archaeo-geophysics in both countries in the future.
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Drahor, Mahmut Göktuğ, and Meriç Aziz Berge. "The Place of Archaeo-Geophysics in Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Site Investigations in Turkey." In One World Archaeology, 437–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57900-4_17.

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AbstractThe first examples of archaeo-geophysical investigations in the territory of Turkey, are seen in the 1960s. Archaeo-geophysical studies, which came to an important place in archaeological site investigations and documentation of cultural heritage sites after the 1990s, have taken place in many legislations in the country today. Recently, the employment of non-destructive geophysical techniques in Turkey’s archaeological sites has been drastically increasing. This chapter presents the history of archaeo-geophysical studies, methodological developments, educational and commercial advances. Additionally, widespread commercial applications, how archaeological site types are handled, verification of the relationship between geophysics and excavation results, and good practice examples are also summarised. In addition to the soil variations encountered in archaeological sites, the interpretation of the results of the geophysical techniques used in the determination of the archaeological context, which is highly complex due to ancient earthquakes in archaeological sites in Turkey, is also discussed in this chapter. Although archaeo-geophysics is an essential part of the study of archaeological and cultural heritage sites in Turkey, soil prospecting is limited and there appears to be a lack of integration in comparing geophysical results with the soil prospecting results.
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Stamnes, Arne Anderson, Carmen Cuenca-García, Lars Gustavsen, Tim Horsley, Ómar Valur Jónasson, Satu Koivisto, Søren Munch Kristiansen, et al. "A Review on the Development and Current Role of Ground-Based Geophysical Methods for Archaeological Prospection in Scandinavia." In One World Archaeology, 141–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57900-4_6.

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AbstractThis chapter provides an extensive overview of the use of geophysics in archaeological research and cultural heritage management in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Iceland. It discusses the current status, role and acceptance of geophysical methods in each country, and outlines the state-of-the-art based on a synthesis of existing knowledge and experience. The authors consider the past, present and future of archaeo-geophysics in the individual regions, taking into account the academic, curatorial and commercial aspects of their use. This, in turn, serves as the basis for a discussion of the reasons for the varying degrees of acceptance and integration of the methods in each country, and aid the distribution of knowledge and experience gained across Scandinavia and beyond. The practical experience, application and general acceptance are not similar in the different Scandinavian countries. There is a general lack of integrating geophysical (and by extension non-intrusive methods) within the archaeological practice and guidelines. The case studies presented here show a range of archaeological applications of geophysics in Scandinavia, demonstrating how geophysical methods should by no means be considered “new” or “untested”. While there is a need for targeted research, there has also been a challenge in disseminating the already generated knowledge and experiences to other actors within the archaeological community. Some of this can be explained by a lack of trained personnel, domestic competence and archaeological institutions undertaking research into the applicability of geophysical methods, and data-sharing and making reports accessible.
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Verhegge, Jeroen, Philippe De Smedt, Erwin Meylemans, Dominique Bosquet, Lieven Verdonck, and Wim De Clercq. "The Application of Geophysical Survey in Archaeological Research in Belgium: Current State and Future Perspectives." In One World Archaeology, 27–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57900-4_2.

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AbstractSince its earliest applications in the 1970s, geophysical survey has been applied increasingly in Belgian archaeology. This was particularly the case within Flanders over the past decade. Academic archaeological research has played a fundamental role in disseminating available techniques, such as electrical resistance and magnetometer survey, and in advancing the use of electromagnetic induction- and ground penetrating radar instruments for archaeological prospection specifically. However, the dissemination of this expertise remains in its infancy and adoption in Brussels and Wallonia lingers behind. Although Flanders has seen a strong increase in such surveys over the past decade, the share that geophysical techniques take up in development-led archaeology pales to significantly wider used invasive prospection methods. Both a lack of tradition in archaeological geophysics as well as the dominance of systematic trial trenching as a prospection method underlie this slow uptake of geophysical approaches in development-led archaeology. In contrast, geophysical survey does play a significant role in academic (landscape) archaeological research and in the investigation of archaeological sites for scheduling. Within this general situation, the use of geophysical methods in Belgium is geared primarily towards specific expected types of sites, but, within the heterogeneous geological landscape, spans a wide range of environments.While progress has been made continually over the past decade, much room remains for further optimisation of the use of geophysical methods in Belgian archaeology. Here, improving protocols for the integration of complementary, invasive and non-invasive, survey methods adapted to the diverse geological and archaeological circumstances remains a key challenge. To enable these advances, current efforts to provide such a methodological framework, along with existing expertise across the nation, have to be disseminated beyond academic circles through initiatives, such as dedicated (post-)academic training and inclusion of both archaeologists and archaeological geophysicists. Hereby, the consolidation of a robust legislative framework, adhering to EAC guidelines, is required for implementing geophysics in (development-led) archaeology sustainably, similar to e.g. trial trenching. This should safeguard the quality, archiving, accessibility, and interoperability of resultant data.
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Jones, Richard. "Geophysical Survey in the Archaeology of Scotland: Recent Developments and Results." In One World Archaeology, 415–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57900-4_16.

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AbstractThis paper reviews the current state of geophysics in Scottish archaeology, considering the scope of the surveys, the range of targets investigated and techniques deployed, as well as the practitioners and commissioners of surveys. Several issues of methodology and interpretation are illustrated through case studies taken from mainland Scotland, Orkney and the Isle of Lewis. One of these focuses on the relative frequency of poor magnetic and earth resistance responses recorded over ditch and pit features due to drift geology and soil conditions, and the efforts to explain those responses in terms of soil properties. This leads to the recommendation that archaeo-geophysics can only benefit from aligning itself on a regular basis with geoarchaeology since their respective subject areas often converge more than is usually recognised. Another recommendation is the need for fuller dissemination of the graphical output of surveys as well as access to raw data to encourage a more critical view of how interpretations of individual geophysical anomalies are made.
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Barone, Pier Matteo. "Geophysics and Archaeology at Crime Scenes." In Multidisciplinary Approaches to Forensic Archaeology, 41–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94397-8_3.

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Parker, Lucy, Tom Richardson, Chloe Hunnisett, and Kayt Armstrong. "On a Commercial Scale – Archaeological Geophysics in England." In One World Archaeology, 215–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57900-4_8.

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AbstractGeophysical prospection for archaeology was first trialled in England over 75 years ago and, as the profession has matured, a dedicated research community has developed in the country. For over 30 years, archaeological geophysics has played a major role in developer-funded archaeology. Whilst no official figures exist for active archaeo-geophysicists in England, it is likely that the number of practitioners is in the 100s, and is perhaps one of the largest communities worldwide. Standards and Guidance are available to support the profession, but it is a challenge for these to keep pace with advancements in technology and methodologies. The balance between improving cost effectiveness, mainly through increased speed of field data acquisition, whilst maintaining research to increase the level of information gained by such investigations remains an important question for both the commercial and academic archaeological sectors.
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Conference papers on the topic "Geophysics in archaeology"

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"Archaeology: Short Abstracts." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2019. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/sageep.32-001.

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Morelli, G., G. Pagano, S. Floris, M. Pelorosso, M. Di Nezza, G. A. Pichardo, F. Cecchini, S. Margottini, and M. Di Filippo. "A Multi-Methodological Approach for Archaeology." In Second International Conference on Engineering Geophysics. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20131882.

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Baradello, L., A. Bratus, and D. N. Yabar. "GPR and ERT – Integrated Geophysical Methods in Archaeology." In Near Surface 2004 - 10th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.10.p005.

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El-Bassiony, A., and A. Weller. "Regularized Focused Inversion of Magnetic Gradient Measurements in Archaeology." In Near Surface 2005 - 11th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.13.b027.

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Sapunov, V. A., A. Yu Denisov, V. V. Saveliev, E. D. Narkhov, A. V. Sergeev, A. L. Fedorov, A. A. Shirokov, et al. "Field Tests of The POS-Aero Quantum Overhauser UAV Magnetometer-Gradiometer Designed for Geophysics and Archaeology." In Engineering and Mining Geophysics 2021. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202152080.

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Bigman, Daniel P., Kevin Hurley, and Ross Johnson. "Multi‐Purpose Magnetic Data Sets in Archaeology and Archaeological Park Managment." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.4721893.

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Novo, Alexandre, Guido Manacorda, and Alessandro Simi. "MULTICHANNEL 3D GPR ARRAY SYSTEMS: RECENT RESULTS IN ENGINEERING AND ARCHAEOLOGY." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2013. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/sageep2013-156.1.

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Abu Zeid, N., E. Corradini, S. Bignardi, N. Morandi, V. Nizzo, and G. Santarato. "Unusual Geophysical Techniques in Archaeology - HVSR and Induced Polarization, A Case History." In Near Surface Geoscience 2016 - 22nd European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201602027.

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Ranieri, Gaetano. "GEOPHYSICS - AN ESSENTIAL TOOL FOR MODERN ARCHAEOLOGY. A CASE FROM MONTE PRAMA (SARDINIA, ITALY)." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/sageep.29-012.

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Ranieri, G., A. Trogu, F. Loddo, L. Piroddi, and R. Zucca. "Geophysics - An Essential Tool for Modern Archaeology. A Case from Monte Prama (Sardinia, Italy)." In Near Surface Geoscience 2015 - 21st European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201413771.

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Reports on the topic "Geophysics in archaeology"

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Somers, Lewis E., Michael L. Hargrave, and Janet E. Simms. Geophysical Surveys in Archaeology: Guidance for Surveyors and Sponsors. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada429240.

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Hunter, Fraser, and Martin Carruthers. Scotland: The Roman Presence. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.104.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Scotland in the Roman world: Research into Roman Scotland requires an appreciation of the wider frontier and Empire-wide perspectives, and Scottish projects must be integrated into these wider, international debates. The rich data set and chronological control that Scotland has to offer can be used to inform broader understandings of the impact of Rome.  Changing worlds: Roman Scotland’s rich data set should be employed to contribute to wider theoretical perspectives on topics such as identity and ethnicity, and how these changed over time. What was the experience of daily life for the various peoples in Roman Scotland and how did interactions between incomers and local communities develop and change over the period in question, and, indeed, at and after its end?  Frontier Life: Questions still remain regarding the disposition and chronology of forts and forces, as well as the logistics of sustaining and supplying an army of conquest and occupation. Sites must be viewed as part of a wider, interlocking set of landscapes, and the study of movement over land and by sea incorporated within this. The Antonine Wall provides a continuing focus of research which would benefit from more comparison with frontier structures and regimes in other areas.  Multiple landscapes: Roman sites need to be seen in a broader landscape context, ‘looking beyond the fort’ and explored as nested and interlocking landscapes. This will allow exploration of frontier life and the changing worlds of the Roman period. To do justice to this resource requires two elements: o Development-control archaeology should look as standard at the hinterland of forts (up to c.1 km from the ‘core’), as sensitive areas and worthy of evaluation; examples such as Inveresk show the density of activity around such nodes. The interiors of camps should be extensively excavated as standard. o Integrated approaches to military landscapes are required, bringing in where appropriate topographical and aerial survey, LIDAR, geophysics, the use of stray and metal-detected finds, as well as fieldwalking and ultimately, excavation.  The Legacy of Rome: How did the longer term influence of the Romans, and their legacy, influence the formation, nature and organisation of the Pictish and other emergent kingdoms?
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