Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geophysical and environmental fluid flows

Academic literature on the topic 'Geophysical and environmental fluid flows'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Geophysical and environmental fluid flows"

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Caulfield, C. P. "Layering, Instabilities, and Mixing in Turbulent Stratified Flows." Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 53, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 113–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-042320-100458.

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Understanding how turbulence leads to the enhanced irreversible transport of heat and other scalars such as salt and pollutants in density-stratified fluids is a fundamental and central problem in geophysical and environmental fluid dynamics. This review discusses recent research activity directed at improving community understanding, modeling, and parameterization of the subtle interplay between energy conversion pathways, instabilities, turbulence, external forcing, and irreversible mixing in density-stratified fluids. The conceptual significance of various length scales is highlighted, and in particular, the importance is stressed of overturning or scouring in the formation and maintenance of layered stratifications, i.e., robust density distributions with relatively deep and well-mixed regions separated by relatively thin interfaces of substantially enhanced density gradient.
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Deleersnijder, Eric, Fabien Cornaton, Thomas W. N. Haine, Marnik Vanclooster, and Darryn W. Waugh. "Tracer and timescale methods for understanding complex geophysical and environmental fluid flows." Environmental Fluid Mechanics 10, no. 1-2 (January 7, 2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10652-009-9164-1.

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Hughes, Graham O. "Inside the head and tail of a turbulent gravity current." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 790 (February 1, 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.704.

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Gravity currents are an important buoyancy-driven flow in environmental, geophysical and industrial settings. Turbulence and mixing is commonplace in these flows, but is typically overlooked in theoretical models and predictions. Sher & Woods (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 784, 2015, pp. 130–162) have quantified the velocity and density structure in turbulent gravity currents by combining high-quality experimental data with new theory. Their insights are set to stimulate significant advances in the area.
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Mallory, K., M. A. Hsieh, E. Forgoston, and I. B. Schwartz. "Distributed allocation of mobile sensing swarms in gyre flows." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 20, no. 5 (September 16, 2013): 657–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-20-657-2013.

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Abstract. We address the synthesis of distributed control policies to enable a swarm of homogeneous mobile sensors to maintain a desired spatial distribution in a geophysical flow environment, or workspace. In this article, we assume the mobile sensors (or robots) have a "map" of the environment denoting the locations of the Lagrangian coherent structures or LCS boundaries. Using this information, we design agent-level hybrid control policies that leverage the surrounding fluid dynamics and inherent environmental noise to enable the team to maintain a desired distribution in the workspace. We discuss the stability properties of the ensemble dynamics of the distributed control policies. Since realistic quasi-geostrophic ocean models predict double-gyre flow solutions, we use a wind-driven multi-gyre flow model to verify the feasibility of the proposed distributed control strategy and compare the proposed control strategy with a baseline deterministic allocation strategy. Lastly, we validate the control strategy using actual flow data obtained by our coherent structure experimental testbed.
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Momen, Mostafa, Zhong Zheng, Elie Bou-Zeid, and Howard A. Stone. "Inertial gravity currents produced by fluid drainage from an edge." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 827 (August 29, 2017): 640–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.480.

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We present theoretical, numerical and experimental studies of the release of a finite volume of fluid instantaneously from an edge of a rectangular domain for high Reynolds number flows. For the cases we considered, the results indicate that approximately half of the initial volume exits during an early adjustment period. Then, the inertial gravity current reaches a self-similar phase during which approximately 40 % of its volume drains and its height decreases as $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}^{-2}$, where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$ is a dimensionless time that is derived with the typical gravity wave speed and the horizontal length of the domain. Based on scaling arguments, we reduce the shallow-water partial differential equations into two nonlinear ordinary differential equations (representing the continuity and momentum equations), which are solved analytically by imposing a zero velocity boundary condition at the closed end wall and a critical Froude number condition at the open edge. The solutions are in good agreement with the performed experiments and direct numerical simulations for various geometries, densities and viscosities. This study provides new insights into the dynamical behaviour of a fluid draining from an edge in the inertial regime. The solutions may be useful for environmental, geophysical and engineering applications such as open channel flows, ventilations and dam-break problems.
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LIU, M. B., G. R. LIU, and Z. ZONG. "AN OVERVIEW ON SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS." International Journal of Computational Methods 05, no. 01 (March 2008): 135–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021987620800142x.

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This paper presents an overview on smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), which is a meshfree, particle method of Lagrangian nature. In theory, the interpolation and approximations of the SPH method and the corresponding numerical errors are analyzed. The inherent particle inconsistency has been discussed in detail. It has been demonstrated that the particle inconsistency originates from the discrete particle approximation process and is the fundamental cause for poor approximation accuracy. Some particle consistency restoring approaches have been reviewed. In application, SPH modeling of general fluid dynamics and hyperdynamics with material strength have been reviewed with emphases on (1) microfluidics and microdrop dynamics, (2) coast hydrodynamics and offshore engineering, (3) environmental and geophysical flows, (4) high-explosive detonation and explosions, (5) underwater explosions, and (6) hydrodynamics with material strength including hypervelocity impact and penetration.
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Grobbe, N., and S. Barde-Cabusson. "Self-Potential Studies in Volcanic Environments: A Cheap and Efficient Method for Multiscale Fluid-Flow Investigations." International Journal of Geophysics 2019 (October 20, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2985824.

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We demonstrate the value of using the self-potential method to study volcanic environments, and particularly fluid flow in those environments. We showcase the fact that self-potential measurements are a highly efficient way to map large areas of volcanic systems under challenging terrain conditions, where other geophysical techniques may be challenging or expensive to deploy. Using case studies of a variety of volcano types, including tuff cones, shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes, and monogenetic fields, we emphasize the fact that self-potential signals enable us to study fluid flow in volcanic settings on multiple spatial and temporal scales. We categorize the examples into the following three multiscale fluid-flow processes: (1) deep hydrothermal systems, (2) shallow hydrothermal systems, and (3) groundwater. These examples highlight the different hydrological, hydrothermal, and structural inferences that can be made from self-potential signals, such as insight into shallow and deep hydrothermal systems, cooling behavior of lava flows, different hydrogeological domains, upwelling, infiltration, and lateral groundwater and hydrothermal fluid flow paths and velocities, elevation of the groundwater level, crater limits, regional faults, rift zones, incipient collapse limits, structural domains, and buried calderas. The case studies presented in this paper clearly demonstrate that the measured SP signals are a result of the coplay between microscale processes (e.g., electrokinetic, thermoelectric) and macroscale structural and environmental features. We discuss potential challenges and their causes when trying to uniquely interpret self-potential signals. Through integration with different geophysical and geochemical data types such as subsurface electrical resistivity distributions obtained from, e.g., electrical resistivity tomography or magnetotellurics, soil CO2 flux, and soil temperature, it is demonstrated that the hydrogeological interpretations obtained from SP measurements can be better constrained and/or validated.
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Eggenhuisen, Joris T., Matthieu J. B. Cartigny, and Jan de Leeuw. "Physical theory for near-bed turbulent particle suspension capacity." Earth Surface Dynamics 5, no. 2 (May 17, 2017): 269–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-269-2017.

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Abstract. The inability to capture the physics of solid-particle suspension in turbulent fluids in simple formulas is holding back the application of multiphase fluid dynamics techniques to many practical problems in nature and society involving particle suspension. We present a force balance approach to particle suspension in the region near no-slip frictional boundaries of turbulent flows. The force balance parameter Γ contains gravity and buoyancy acting on the sediment and vertical turbulent fluid forces; it includes universal turbulent flow scales and material properties of the fluid and particles only. Comparison to measurements shows that Γ = 1 gives the upper limit of observed suspended particle concentrations in a broad range of flume experiments and field settings. The condition of Γ > 1 coincides with the complete suppression of coherent turbulent structures near the boundary in direct numerical simulations of sediment-laden turbulent flow. Γ thus captures the maximum amount of sediment that can be contained in suspension at the base of turbulent flow, and it can be regarded as a suspension capacity parameter. It can be applied as a simple concentration boundary condition in modelling studies of the dispersion of particulates in environmental and man-made flows.
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Devi, Kalpana, Prashanth Reddy Hanmaiahgari, Ram Balachandar, and Jaan H. Pu. "A Comparative Study between Sand- and Gravel-Bed Open Channel Flows in the Wake Region of a Bed-Mounted Horizontal Cylinder." Fluids 6, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6070239.

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In nature, environmental and geophysical flows frequently encounter submerged cylindrical bodies on a rough bed. The flows around the cylindrical bodies on the rough bed are very complicated as the flow field in these cases will be a function of bed roughness apart from the diameter of the cylinder and the flow velocity. In addition, the sand-bed roughness has different effects on the flow compared to the gravel-bed roughness due to differences in the roughness heights. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to compare the mean velocities and turbulent flow properties in the wake region of a horizontal bed-mounted cylinder over the sand-bed with that over the gravel-bed. Three experimental runs, two for the sand-bed and one for the gravel-bed with similar physical and hydraulic conditions, were recorded to fulfil this purpose. The Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV) probe was used for measuring the three-dimensional (3D) instantaneous velocity data. This comparative study shows that the magnitude of mean streamwise flow velocity, streamwise Reynolds normal stress, and Reynolds shear stress are reduced on the gravel-bed compared to the sand-bed. Conversely, the vertical velocities and vertical Reynolds normal stress are higher on the gravel-bed than the sand-bed.
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Matulka, A., P. López, J. M. Redondo, and A. Tarquis. "On the entrainment coefficient in a forced plume: quantitative effects of source parameters." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 21, no. 1 (February 24, 2014): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-21-269-2014.

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Abstract. The behavior of a forced plume is mainly controlled by the source buoyancy and momentum fluxes and the efficiency of turbulent mixing between the plume and the ambient fluid (stratified or not). The interaction between the plume and the ambient fluid controls the plume dynamics and is usually represented by the entrainment coefficient αE. Commonly used one-dimensional models incorporating a constant entrainment coefficient are fundamental and very useful for predictions in geophysical flows and industrial situations. Nevertheless, if the basic geometry of the flow changes, or the type of source or the environmental fluid conditions (e.g., level of turbulence, shear, ambient stratification, presence of internal waves), new models allowing for variable entrainment are necessary. The presented paper is an experimental study based on a set of turbulent plume experiments in a calm unstratified ambient fluid under different source conditions (represented by different buoyancy and momentum fluxes). The main result is that the entrainment coefficient is not a constant and clearly varies in time within the same plume independently of the buoyancy and the source position. This paper also analyzes the influence of the source conditions on the mentioned time evolution. The measured entrainment coefficient αE has considerable variability. It ranges between 0.26 and 0.9 for variable Atwood number experiments and between 0.16 and 0.55 for variable source position experiments. As is observed, values are greater than the traditional standard value of Morton et al. (1956) for plumes and jets, which is about 0.13.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geophysical and environmental fluid flows"

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Woods, Andrew W. "Geophysical fluid flows." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306472.

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Paleo, Cageao Paloma. "Fluid-particle interaction in geophysical flows : debris flow." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/27808/.

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Small scale laboratory experiments were conducted to study the dynamic mor- phology and rheological behaviour of fluid-particle mixtures, such as snout-body architecture, levee formation, deposition and particle segregation effects. Debris flows consist of an agitated mixture of rock and sediment saturated with water. They are mobilized under the influence of gravity from hill slopes and channels and can reach long run-out distance and have extremely destructive power. Better understanding of the mechanisms that govern these flows is required to assess and mitigate the hazard of debris flows and similar geophysical flows. Debris flow models are required to accurately deal with evolving behaviours in space and time, to be able to predict flow height, velocity profiles and run-out distances and shapes. The evolution of laboratory debris flows, both dry glass beads and mixtures with water or glycerol, released from behind a lock gate to flow down an inclined flume, was observed through the channel side wall and captured with high speed video and PIV analysis to provide velocity profiles through out the flow depth. Pore pressure and the normal and shear stress at the base of the flow were also measured. Distinct regions were characterized by the non-fluctuating region and the in- termittent granular cloud surrounding the flows. The extent of these regions was shown to be related to flow properties. The separation of these two regions allowed the systematic definition of bulk flow characteristics such as characteristic height and flow front position. Laboratory flows showed variations in morphology and rheological characteristics under the influence of particle size, roughness element diameter, interstitial fluid viscosity and solid volume fraction. Mono-dispersed and poly-dispersed components mixed with liquids without fine sediments, reveal a head and body structure and an appearance similar to the classic anatomy of real debris flows. Unsaturated fronts were observed in mono-dispersed flows, suggesting that particle segregation is not the only mechanism. A numerical simulation of laboratory debris flows using the computer model RAMMS (RApid Mass Movements Simulation) was tested with dry laboratory flows, showing close similarity to calculated mean velocities.
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Higgins, Erik Tracy. "Multi-Scale Localized Perturbation Method for Geophysical Fluid Flows." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99889.

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An alternative formulation of the governing equations of a dynamical system, called the multi-scale localized perturbation method, is introduced and derived for the purpose of solving complex geophysical flow problems. Simulation variables are decomposed into background and perturbation components, then assumptions are made about the evolution of these components within the context of an environmental flow in order to close the system. Once closed, the original governing equations become a set of one-way coupled governing equations called the "delta form" of the governing equations for short, with one equation describing the evolution of the background component and the other describing the evolution of the perturbation component. One-way interaction which arises due to non-linearity in the original differential equations appears in this second equation, allowing the background fields to influence the evolution of a perturbation. Several solution methods for this system of equations are then proposed. Advantages of the delta form include the ability to specify a complex, temporally- and spatially-varying background field separate from a perturbation introduced into the system, including those created by natural or man-made sources, which enhances visualization of the perturbation as it evolves in time and space. The delta form is also shown to be a tool which can be used to simplify simulation setup. Implementation of the delta form of the incompressible URANS equations with turbulence model and scalar transport within OpenFOAM is then documented, followed by verification cases. A stratified wake collapse case in a domain containing a background shear layer is then presented, showing how complex internal gravity wave-shear layer interactions are retained and easily observed in spite of the variable decomposition. The multi-scale localized perturbation method shows promise for geophysical flow problems, particularly multi-scale simulation involving the interaction of large-scale natural flows with small-scale flows generated by man-made structures.
Master of Science
Natural flows, such as those in our oceans and atmosphere, are seen everywhere and affect human life and structures to an amazing degree. Study of these complex flows requires special care be taken to ensure that mathematical equations correctly approximate them and that computers are programmed to correctly solve these equations. This is no different for researchers and engineers interested in studying how man-made flows, such as one generated by the wake of a plane, wind turbine, cruise ship, or sewage outflow pipe, interact with natural flows found around the world. These interactions may yield complex phenomena that may not otherwise be observed in the natural flows alone. The natural and artificial flows may also mix together, rendering it difficult to study just one of them. The multi-scale localized perturbation method is devised to aid in the simulation and study of the interactions between these natural and man-made flows. Well-known equations of fluid dynamics are modified so that the natural and man-made flows are separated and tracked independently, which gives researchers a clear view of the current state of a region of air or water all while retaining most, if not all, of the complex physics which may be of interest. Once the multi-scale localized perturbation method is derived, its mathematical equations are then translated into code for OpenFOAM, an open-source software toolkit designed to simulate fluid flows. This code is then tested by running simulations to provide a sanity check and verify that the new form of the equations of fluid dynamics have been programmed correctly, then another, more complicated simulation is run to showcase the benefits of the multi-scale localized perturbation method. This simulation shows some of the complex fluid phenomena that may be seen in nature, yet through the multi-scale localized perturbation method, it is easy to view where the man-made flows end and where the natural flows begin. The complex interactions between the natural flow and the artificial flow are retained in spite of separating the flow into two parts, and setting up the simulation is simplified by this separation. Potential uses of the multi-scale localized perturbation method include multi-scale simulations, where researchers simulate natural flow over a large area of land or ocean, then use this simulation data for a second, small-scale simulation which covers an area within the large-scale simulation. An example of this would be simulating wind currents across a continent to find a potential location for a wind turbine farm, then zooming in on that location and finding the optimal spacing for wind turbines at this location while using the large-scale simulation data to provide realistic wind conditions at many different heights above the ground. Overall, the multi-scale localized perturbation method has the potential to be a powerful tool for researchers whose interest is flows in the ocean and atmosphere, and how these natural flows interact with flows created by artificial means.
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San, Omer. "Multiscale Modeling and Simulation of Turbulent Geophysical Flows." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28031.

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The accurate and efficient numerical simulation of geophysical flows is of great interest in numerical weather prediction and climate modeling as well as in numerous critical areas and industries, such as agriculture, construction, tourism, transportation, weather-related disaster management, and sustainable energy technologies. Oceanic and atmospheric flows display an enormous range of temporal and spatial scales, from seconds to decades and from centimeters to thousands of kilometers, respectively. Scale interactions, both spatial and temporal, are the dominant feature of all aspects of general circulation models in geophysical fluid dynamics. In this thesis, to decrease the cost for these geophysical flow computations, several types of multiscale methods were systematically developed and tested for a variety of physical settings including barotropic and stratified wind-driven large scale ocean circulation models, decaying and forced two-dimensional turbulence simulations, as well as several benchmark incompressible flow problems in two and three dimensions. The new models proposed here are based on two classes of modern multiscale methods: (i) interpolation based approaches in the context of the multigrid/multiresolution methodologies, and (ii) deconvolution based spatial filtering approaches in the context of large eddy simulation techniques. In the first case, we developed a coarse-grid projection method that uses simple interpolation schemes to go between the two components of the problem, in which the solution algorithms have different levels of complexity. In the second case, the use of approximate deconvolution closure modeling strategies was implemented for large eddy simulations of large-scale turbulent geophysical flows. The numerical assessment of these approaches showed that both the coarse-grid projection and approximate deconvolution methods could represent viable tools for computing more realistic turbulent geophysical flows that provide significant increases in accuracy and computational efficiency over conventional methods.
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Amooie, Mohammad Amin. "Fluid Mixing in Multiphase and Hydrodynamically Unstable Porous-Media Flows." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1532012791497784.

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Zidikheri, Meelis Juma, and m. zidikheri@bom gov au. "Dynamical Subgrid-scale Parameterizations for Quasigeostrophic Flows using Direct Numerical Simulations." The Australian National University. Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, 2008. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20090108.112027.

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In this thesis, parameterizations of non-linear interactions in quasigeostrophic (QG) flows for severely truncated models (STM) and Large Eddy Simulations (LES) are studied. Firstly, using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS), atmospheric barotropic flows over topography are examined, and it is established that such flows exhibit multiple equilibrium states for a wide range of parameters. A STM is then constructed, consisting of the large scale zonal flow and a topographic mode. It is shown that, qualitatively, this system behaves similarly to the DNS as far as the interaction between the zonal flow and topography is concerned, and, in particular, exhibits multiple equilibrium states. By fitting the analytical form of the topographic stationary wave amplitude, obtained from the STM, to the results obtained from DNS, renormalized dissipation and rotation parameters are obtained. The usage of renormalized parameters in the STM results in better quantitative agreement with the DNS.¶ In the second type of problem, subgrid-scale parameterizations in LES are investigated with both atmospheric and oceanic parameters. This is in the context of two-level QG flows on the sphere, mostly, but not exclusively, employing a spherical harmonic triangular truncation at wavenumber 63 (T63) or higher. The methodology that is used is spectral, and is motivated by the stochastic representation of statistical closure theory, with the ‘damping’ and forcing covariance, representing backscatter, determined from the statistics of DNS. The damping and forcing covariance are formulated as 2 × 2 matrices for each wavenumber. As well as the transient subgrid tendency, the mean subgrid tendency is needed in the LES when the energy injection region is unresolved; this is also calculated from the statistics of the DNS. For comparison, a deterministic parameterization scheme consisting of 2×2 ‘damping’ parameters, which are calculated from the statistics of DNS, has been constructed. The main difference between atmospheric and oceanic flows, in this thesis, is that the atmospheric LES completely resolves the deformation scale, the energy and enstrophy injection region, and the truncation scale is spectrally distant from it, being well in the enstrophy cascade inertial range. In oceanic flows, however, the truncation scale is in the vicinity of the injection scale, at least for the parameters chosen, and is therefore not in an inertial range. A lower resolution oceanic LES at T15 is also examined, in which case the injection region is not resolved at all.¶ For atmospheric flows, it is found that, at T63, the matrix parameters are practically diagonal so that stratified atmospheric flows at these resolutions may be treated as uncoupled layers as far as subgrid-scale parameterizations are concerned. It is also found that the damping parameters are relatively independent of the (vertical) level, but the backscatter parameters are proportional to the subgrid flux in a given level. The stochastic and deterministic parameterization schemes give comparably good results relative to the DNS. For oceanic flows, it is found that the full matrix structure of the parameters must be used. Furthermore, it is found that there is a strong injection of barotropic energy from the subgrid scales, due to the unresolved, or partially resolved, baroclinic instability injection scales. It is found that the deterministic parameterization is too numerically unstable to be of use in the LES, and instead the stochastic parameterization must be used to obtain good agreement with the DNS. The subgrid tendency of the ensemble mean flow is also needed in some problems, and is found to reduce the available potential energy of the flow.
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Nielsen, Adam C. "Computational fluid dynamics applications for the Lake Washington Ship Canal." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1043.

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The Seattle District wants to better manage the Ballard Locks and structures along the Lake Washington Ship Canal (LWSC) in a way that will maintain the environmental sustainability and biodiversity in the area. Due to strict salt water intrusion regulations in the LWSC, the Seattle District is working on upgrading their management practices such that they will resolve two inter-related problems. First, to improve the fish passage conditions for migrating salmon; and second, to learn how to better manage the salt wedge that forms and intrudes upstream. Based on the hydrodynamic and water quality results that are produced by this research, the Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Portland Office will use their Eulerian-Lagrangian-Agent-Model (ELAM) to analyze fish patterns, looking for the most beneficial management schemes that assist salmon in migrating upstream. This research implemented CFD engineering techniques to help better understand the effectiveness of the hydraulic structures in the area, as well as come up with management practices that both mitigate the salt water intrusion from Puget Sound, and improve the migrating passages for salmon.
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Chipongo, Kudzai. "Effects of lateral inflow on oxygen transfer and hydraulics in open channel flows." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2018. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2053.

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The design of channels or hydraulic structures requires the correct prediction of flow properties such as depth of flow. In uniform open channel flows, a one dimensional (1-D) approach which assumes hydrostatic pressure distribution, negligible air entrainment and uniform velocity in the direction of flow is often used. Spatially varied flow (SVF) is a special type of open channel flow in which the discharge increases or decreases along the channel due to lateral inflow or outflow, respectively. As a result, this intricate flow is associated with momentous turbulence and velocity fluctuations in all three directions of flow. Researchers have proven that using the 1-D approach for predicting SVF properties yields erroneous results. This thesis details research conducted (i) to improve the accuracy of the current one-dimensional equation, (ii) to quantify the amount of oxygen transferred by lateral inflow and (iii) to predict turbulence characteristics using three-dimensional turbulence model. First, it is proposed that SVF due to lateral inflow, which is the focus of this study, can be likened to multiple jets in crossflow and open channels with emergent vegetation. In these two cases, the multiple jet and the vegetation stems resemble a solid cylindrical object blocking the crossflow thus effects of the drag force are vital. Similar to open channel with emergent vegetation studies, a new equation accounting for the drag force was developed and tested for different arrangements of SVF. Results indicated significant improvements in predicting water surface profiles. Second, similar to weir flow the amount of oxygen transferred by lateral inflow was measured under different flow conditions and various modes of lateral inflow entry to the channel. The amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) in a body is vital for improving water quality. Results indicated that increasing jet velocity, discharge height and number of jets at optimum water depth in the receiving channel enhances oxygen transfer. Finally, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of an open channel receiving inflow from multiple jets in tandem issuing from a circular nozzle was conducted using the relatively low cost Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models namely the realizable k-ε, shear stress transport (SST) k-ω and the Reynolds stress model (RSM) based on their prominence in jet in crossflow studies. RANS models failed to predict turbulence characteristics within the lateral inflow region although average velocities in the longitudinal direction were acceptable. On the leeward side of the jet, RANS models failed to capture the downward velocity vectors resulting in major deviations in vertical velocity. It can be concluded that standard turbulence models are incapable of predicting the complex characteristics of SVF. However, turbulence models remain superior to the 1-D approach.
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Ghanbarian-Alavijeh, Behzad. "Modeling Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Disordered Porous Media: Applications from Percolation Theory and Fractal Geometry." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1401380554.

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Grisouard, Nicolas. "Réflexions et réfractions non-linéaires d'ondes de gravité internes." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENU023.

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Étudier les ondes internes est crucial pour comprendre le mélange dans l'océan. Dans cette thèse, un attracteur d'ondes 2D est tout d'abord simulé de manière directe, appuyé par une bonne comparaison avec une expérience préexistante. Nous dérivons un modèle simple de la largeur de l'attracteur et mettons en évidence des effets non-linéaires. Nous réalisons dans une deuxième partie une étude expérimentale de la réflexion d'ondes planes sur une paroi inclinée. Les résonances prédites entre différents harmoniques n'apparaissent pas mais en revanche, un fort écoulement moyen horizontal apparaît, courbant les caractéristiques des ondes par effet Doppler. 70 à 80% du flux d'énergie incident sont dissipés ou convertis en écoulement moyen, ce dernier semblant alimenté par la dissipation des ondes. La génération d'ondes solitaires consécutive à la réflexion d'ondes sur une pycnocline est ensuite étudiée numériquement dans la troisième partie. Dans un premier temps, une étude académique, 2D est réalisée à l'aide de simulations directes. Nous montrons que des ondes solitaires de différents modes et piégées dans la pycnocline peuvent être générées. Deux critères pour comprendre la sélection d'un mode donné, l'un portant sur les différentes vitesses de phase, l'autre sur des arguments géométriques, sont définis. Ces critères sont dans un second temps comparés aux conditions du Golfe de Gascogne en été. Nous montrons qu'un rayon d'ondes internes seul ne peut générer des ondes solitaires correspondant aux observations, ce qui est corrigé en tenant compte de l'écoulement présent dans la pycnocline et indépendant du rayon d'ondes internes
Internal wave studies are crucial to the understanding of deep-ocean mixing. In this thesis, we first describe a 2D direct numerical simulation of a wave attractor and validate it against pre-existing experimental data. We then propose a model for the thickness of the attractor along the direction of propagation of energy. We eventually study nonlinear effects induced by the attractor. In a second part, we describe an experimental study of the reflection of plane waves on a sloping wall. Unexpectedly, resonances between different wave harmonics are not observed. However, a horizontal mean flow is generated and the wave characteristics are curved, due to the Doppler effect. 70 to 80% of the incident energy flux is dissipated and transferred to the mean flow, the latter being seemingly generated by wave dissipation. In a third part, we perform a numerical study of the generation of internal solitary waves by an impinging wave beam. We first present direct numerical simulations of this process and show that different solitary wave modes can be excited. Criteria for the selection of a particular mode are put forward, the first one being in terms of phase speeds and the second one based on geometrical arguments. Results are compared with the configuration of the Bay of Biscay in summer. We show that a beam impinging on a thermocline initially at rest cannot generate solitary waves which features agree with oceanic observations. This can be corrected by considering the background flow around the thermocline as found in the Bay of Biscay and independent of the internal wave beam
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Books on the topic "Geophysical and environmental fluid flows"

1

R, Grimshaw, ed. Environmental stratified flows. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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Bernard, Guerts, Clercx H. J. H, and Uijttewaal Wim S. J, eds. Particle-laden flow: From geophysical to Kolmogorov scales. Dordrecht: Springer, 2007.

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B, Weiss J., and Provenzale A, eds. Transport and mixing in geophysical flows. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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Kantha, L. H. Small scale processes in geophysical fluid flows. San Diego: Academic Press, 2000.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Fronts, Waves and Vortices in Geophysical Flows. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.

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NATO Advanced Study Institute on Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows (1997 Pforzheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany). Buoyant convection in geophysical flows: [proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows, Pforzheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, 17-27 March 1997]. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Division, 1998.

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International, Symposium on Modeling Environmental Flows (1985 Albuquerque N. M. ). International Symposium on Modeling Environmental Flows. New York, N.Y. (345 E. 47th St., New York 10017): American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1985.

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Zhou, Jian Guo. Lattice Boltzmann Methods for Shallow Water Flows. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004.

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Tosaka, Hiroyuki. Chiken mizu junkan no sūri: Ryūiki mizu kankyō no kaisekihō = Geosphere environmental fluid flows : theories, models and applications. Tōkyō: Tōkyō Daigaku Shuppankai, 2006.

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American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Winter Meeting. Mixed convection and environmental flows: Presented at the Winter Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Dallas, Texas, November 25-30, 1990. New York, N.Y: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geophysical and environmental fluid flows"

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Hunt, J. C. R., and M. Galmiche. "Dynamics of Layers in Geophysical Flows." In Fluid Mechanics and the Environment: Dynamical Approaches, 121–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44512-9_7.

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Gray, William G., and Cass T. Miller. "Single-Fluid-Phase Flow." In Advances in Geophysical and Environmental Mechanics and Mathematics, 327–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04010-3_9.

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Chau, K. T. "Geophysical Fluid Flows." In Applications of Differential Equations in Engineering and Mechanics, 433–94. Boca Raton:Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, [2019] | bibliographical references and indexes.|: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429470646-8.

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Nycander, Jonas. "Stable Vortices as Maximum or Minimum Energy Flows." In Nonlinear Processes in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, 71–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0074-1_5.

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Gray, William G., and Cass T. Miller. "Single-Fluid-Phase Species Transport." In Advances in Geophysical and Environmental Mechanics and Mathematics, 373–420. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04010-3_10.

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Yang, Huijun. "Evolution of the Wave Packet in Barotropic Flows." In Wave Packets and Their Bifurcations in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, 49–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4381-4_3.

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Gray, William G., and Cass T. Miller. "Microscale Closure for a Fluid Phase." In Advances in Geophysical and Environmental Mechanics and Mathematics, 167–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04010-3_5.

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González-López, R., H. Ramírez-León, H. Barrios-Piña, and C. Rodríguez-Cuevas. "Turbulence Model Validation in Vegetated Flows." In Fluid Dynamics in Physics, Engineering and Environmental Applications, 329–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27723-8_29.

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Le Gal, Patrice. "Waves and Instabilities in Rotating and Stratified Flows." In Fluid Dynamics in Physics, Engineering and Environmental Applications, 25–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27723-8_2.

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Soria, Alberto, and Elizabeth Salinas-Rodríguez. "Assessing Significant Phenomena in 1D Linear Perturbation Multiphase Flows." In Fluid Dynamics in Physics, Engineering and Environmental Applications, 93–110. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27723-8_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Geophysical and environmental fluid flows"

1

Monteys, X., X. Garcia, R. Evans, M. Szpak, B. Kelleher, and D. Hardy. "Shallow Geophysical Characterization and Fluid Flow Processes in Two Large Pockmarks on the Malin Shelf, NW Ireland." In Near Surface 2009 - 15th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20147055.

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Hassan, B., S. D. Butt, and C. A. Hurich. "Evaluation of Time Lapse Acoustic Monitoring of Immiscible Fluid Flows in Near Surface by Attenuation Examination Method." In Near Surface Geoscience 2014 - 20th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142005.

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Lipinski, Douglas M., and Kamran Mohseni. "The Interaction of Hyperbolic and Shear Stretching in Geophysical Vortex Flows." In 43rd AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-2874.

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Mizunaga, H., T. Tanaka, K. Ushijima, and N. Ikeda. "Fluid‐Flow Monitoring by a 4‐D Geoelectrical Techniques." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2006. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2923611.

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Mizunaga, H., T. Tanaka. K. Ushijima, and N. Ikeda. "FLUID-FLOW MONITORING BY A 4-D GEOELECTRICAL TECHNIQUES." In 19th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.181.153.

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Versteeg, Roelof, and Shan Wei. "1D Inversion of 4D Radar Data to Image Fluid Flow." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2001. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2922893.

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Versteeg, Roelof, and Shan Wei. "1D Inversion Of 4D Radar Data To Image Fluid Flow." In 14th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.192.gp1_5.

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Hanafy, Sherif, Jing Li, and Gerard Schuster. "TIME-LAPSE MONITORING OF SUBSURFACE FLUID FLOW USING PARSIMONIOUS SEISMIC INTERFEROMETRY." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2017. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/sageep.30-047.

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Pfeifer, M. C., and H. T. Andersen. "DC‐Resistivity Array to Monitor Fluid Flow at the INEL Infiltration Test." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 1995. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2922193.

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Schima, Susan, Douglas J. LaBrecque, and Michela Miletto. "Tracking Fluid Flow in the Unsaturated Zone Using Cross‐Borehole Resistivity and IP." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 1993. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2922031.

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Reports on the topic "Geophysical and environmental fluid flows"

1

Samelson, Roger M. Predictability and Dynamics of Geophysical Fluid Flows. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612199.

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Samelson, Roger M. Predictability and Dynamics of Geophysical Fluid Flows. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630164.

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Kirwan, A. D., Grosch Jr., Holdzkom II C. E., and J. J. A Particle-in-Cell Model for Geophysical Fluid Flows. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada300184.

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Samelson, Roger M. Predictability in Unstable, Continuous Systems/Predictability and Dynamics of Geophysical Fluid Flows. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441768.

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