Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geometric solid modelling

Academic literature on the topic 'Geometric solid modelling'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Geometric solid modelling"

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Bates, J. P., A. J. Morris, and P. N. Payne. "Knowledge-based geometric modelling of aircraft structures." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 211, no. 4 (April 1, 1997): 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954410971532677.

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Aerospace engineering offers a challenging test environment for advanced design systems and methods. Focusing particularly on knowledge-based engineering (KBE) systems, this paper demonstrates their application in automating the solid modelling of aircraft structures. The principles are illustrated through a case study example in which a description is given of the knowledge-based geometric modelling of light alloy fuselage frame sectors. The business benefits of using KBE systems in an aerospace engineering programme are quantified. Recommendations for the extended application of the technology to achieve strategic market advantage are also given.
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Stobart, R. K. "Geometric tools for the off-line programming of robots." Robotica 5, no. 4 (October 1987): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700016295.

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SUMMARYOff-line programming of robots has a number of clear advantages over traditional ‘teach1’ methods which require the robot to be taken out of production. However, off-line programming techniques require extensive geometric facilities which are ideally provided by a geometric modelling system.The use of modelling covers the planning of the robot workcell, as well as the detailed planning of the robot operations. Assembly, in particular, requires detailed geometric information concerning geometric features and solid properties.
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Al Qahtani, Waleed M. S., Salah A. Yousief, and Mohamed I. El-Anwar. "Recent Advances in Material and Geometrical Modelling in Dental Applications." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 6 (June 17, 2018): 1138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.254.

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This article touched, in brief, the recent advances in dental materials and geometric modelling in dental applications. Most common categories of dental materials as metallic alloys, composites, ceramics and nanomaterials were briefly demonstrated. Nanotechnology improved the quality of dental biomaterials. This new technology improves many existing materials properties, also, to introduce new materials with superior properties that covered a wide range of applications in dentistry. Geometric modelling was discussed as a concept and examples within this article. The geometric modelling with engineering Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) system(s) is highly satisfactory for further analysis or Computer-Aided-Manufacturing (CAM) processes. The geometric modelling extracted from Computed-Tomography (CT) images (or its similar techniques) for the sake of CAM also reached a sufficient level of accuracy, while, obtaining efficient solid modelling without huge efforts on body surfaces, faces, and gaps healing is still doubtable. This article is merely a compilation of knowledge learned from lectures, workshops, books, and journal articles, articles from the internet, dental forum, and scientific groups' discussions.
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Lámer, Géza. "Continuous and discrete models in the mechanics of deformable solid bodies." MATEC Web of Conferences 184 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818401004.

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The study provides an overview of modelling possibilities for the mechanical behaviour of media. The discrete, continuous or differential geometric as well as the discrete nature and continuous description grid continuum model in particular are highlighted. We point out that the differential geometric model is based on the concept of continuity and interprets a continuous medium model. We reveal that the grid continuum model is based on the application of numerical method and interprets a discrete medium model.
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Chieslar, J. D., and A. Ghali. "Solid to shell element geometric transformation." Computers & Structures 25, no. 3 (January 1987): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(87)90136-2.

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Baldwin, A. T., and M. M. Rashid. "A geometric model of decohesion in solid continua." International Journal of Fracture 180, no. 2 (February 5, 2013): 205–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10704-013-9811-x.

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Łukaszewicz, Andrzej, and Kanstantsin Miatliuk. "Reverse Engineering Approach for Object with Free-Form Surfaces Using Standard Surface-Solid Parametric CAD System." Solid State Phenomena 147-149 (January 2009): 706–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.147-149.706.

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In this paper the reverse modelling process for mapping and reconstructing the geometric characteristics of element with free-form surfaces as virtual CAD model is described. The basic approach in reverse modelling process in middle range standard parametric 3D modeler such as SolidWorks system is presented. The digitizing process was performed on the coordinate measuring machine. Using surface-solid modelling tools the virtual solid models were created. They are based on prepareing 3D curves from cloud of points as a sectional profiles. As the next step, it is possible to realize various CAx applications based on 3D feature-based model. In our case an abrasive wear of rotor blade was estimated.
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Biradar, Rohitkumar S. "Finite Element Modelling and Analysis of Pressure Vessel." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 910–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46770.

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Abstract: In recent years, most of the sectors replace conventional materials with aluminium matrix materials. Various mechanical studies have been done, such as tensile, impact, flexural, and hardness. For the same geometrical parameters of the steel pressure vessel, FE Analysis of Structural Steel pressure vessel is carried out, and stresses for internal pressures are determined. And the Geometric Modelling is carried out in design software solid works and analyse in ANSYS workbench. The Structural analysis of pressure vessel was carried out. The validation for Hoop stress, Longitudinal stress& Maximum shear stress was done. Cylindrical pressure vessels are widely used for commercial, under water vehicles and in aerospace applications. And the Geometric Modelling is carried out in solid works. And analysed in ANSYS Workbench. The Comparison has done between FEM results and Theoretical results for Validation purposes. The Calculations for Hoop Stress, Longitudinal Stress & Maximum Shear Stress was Calculated for theoretical. The boundary conditions and dimensions for Modelling of a Pressure vessel was taken from the paper and same Boundary conditions was applied for analysis purposes. For Structural steel the design is safe because the stress value is within range of yield strength. The Material properties used are structural properties of steel for the analysis Purposes.
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Ikeuchi, Daiki, Alejandro Vargas-Uscategui, Xiaofeng Wu, and Peter C. King. "Neural Network Modelling of Track Profile in Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing." Materials 12, no. 17 (September 2, 2019): 2827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172827.

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Cold spray additive manufacturing is an emerging technology that offers the ability to deposit oxygen-sensitive materials and to manufacture large components in the solid state. For further development of the technology, the geometric control of cold sprayed components is fundamental but not yet fully matured. This study presents a neural network predictive modelling of a single-track profile in cold spray additive manufacturing to address the problem. In contrast to previous studies focusing only on key geometric feature predictions, the neural network model was employed to demonstrate its capability of predicting complete track profiles at both normal and off-normal spray angles, resulting in a mean absolute error of 8.3%. We also compared the track profile modelling results against the previously proposed Gaussian model and showed that the neural network model provided comparable predictive accuracy, even outperforming in the predictions at cold spray profile edges. The results indicate that a neural network modelling approach is well suited to cold spray profile prediction and may be used to improve geometric control during additive manufacturing with an appropriate process planning algorithm.
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Fan, Jun. "Computer Data Structure for Geological Entities Modelling Based on OO-Solid Model." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 2484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2484.

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In the long evolution of the earth formation often form a complex geological structure, modeling for these complex geological entities (such as thinning-out, bifurcation, reverse, etc.) still require in-depth 3D modeling study. Because of discontinuity, complexity and uncertainty of distribution of 3D geo-objects, some models only are suitable for regular, continuous and relatively simple spatial objects, and some are suitable for discontinue, complex and uncertain geo-objects, but some improvements on these models, such as, updating of model, maintenance of topological and seamless integration between models, are still to be made. OO-Solid model, put forward by writer in 2002, is an object- oriented topological model based on sections. The OO-Solid Model is an object-oriented 3D topologic data model based on component for geology modeling with fully considering the topological relations between geological objects and its geometric primitives, Comparatively, it accords with the actual requirements of three-dimensional geological modeling . The key issue of 3D geology modeling is the 3D data model. Some data models are suitable for discontinue, complex and uncertain geo-objects, but the OO-Solid model is an object-oriented 3D topologic data model based on component for geology modeling with fully considering the topological relations between geological objects and its geometric primitives. OO-Solid model and data structure are designed. At last, 3D complex geological entities modeling based on OO-Solid are studied in this paper. These study is important and one of the core techniques for the 3DGM.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geometric solid modelling"

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Rockwood, A. P. "Blending surfaces in solid geometric modelling." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234923.

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Mechanical CAD/CAM (computer aided design/manufacturing) as a field research concerns itself with the algorithms and the mathematics necessary to simulate mechanical parts of the computer, that is to produce a computer model. Solid modelling is a subdiscipline in which the computer model accurately simulates volumetric, i.e. 'solid', properties of mechanical parts. This dissertation deals with a particular type of free-form surface, the blending surface, which is particularly well-suited for solid modelling. A blending surface is one which replaces creases and kinks in the original model with smooth surfaces. A fillet surface is a simple example. We introduce an intuitive paradigm for devising different types of blending forms. Using the paradigm, three forms are derived: the circular, the rolling-ball, and the super-elliptic forms. Important mathematical properties are investigated for the blending surfaces, e.g. continuity, smoothness, containment etc. Blending on blends is introduced as a notion which both extends the flexibility of blending surfaces and allows the blending of multiple surfaces. Blending on blends requires one to think about the way in which the defining functions act as a distance measure from a point in space to a surface. The function defining the super-elliptic blend is offered as an example or a poor distance measure. The zero surface of this function is then embedded within a function which provides an improved distance measure. Mathematical properties are derived for the new function. A weakness in the continuity properties of above blending form is rectified by defining another method to embed the super elliptic blend into a function with better distance properties. This is the displacement form. The concern with this form is its computational reliability which is, therefore, considered in more depth. In the process of integrating the blending surface geometry into a solid modelling environment so it was usable, it was discovered that three other formidable problems needed some type of resolution. These were the topological, the intersection and the display problems. We report on the problems, and solutions which we developed.
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Solomon, B. J. "Surface intersections for solid modelling." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372283.

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Whayeb, Shakir M. "Free-form blending surfaces in solid modelling." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302740.

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Li, Yan Bin. "Extraction of machining features through reconstruction of solid geometry from orthographic representations." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317042.

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Chan, King-chung. "Solid modelling of parts with quadric and free-from surfaces /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1236454X.

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陳敬忠 and King-chung Chan. "Solid modelling of parts with quadric and free-from surfaces." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3123107X.

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Cui, Song. "Hardware mapping of critical paths of a GaAs core processor for solid modelling accelerator /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc9661.pdf.

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Foretník, Jan. "Architektura, geometrie a výpočetní technika." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233224.

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The topic of this thesis is geometry, its practical usage in architect’s profession (especially its application in computer design and realization of buildings) and its current way of teaching at schools of architecture. The thesis systematically describes geometric objects’ construction and properties, its modelling in CAD systems and examples of its usage in architecture, in some cases including the way of its realization. Geometric objects are systematically organized into chapters about point, curves, surfaces and solids. The outcome of the thesis is a concept of geometry courses modification in the way that they encourage the spatial imagination development instead of “drill” and the gained knowledge is directly useful in architect’s profession. A supplementary research (in appendix) analyses the state-of-the-art of teaching of geometry at selected schools of architecture in Europe and its effect to spatial imagination development. The research was focused at contents and form of the selected geometry courses and its influence to spatial imagination.
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Siegkas, Petros. "Static and dynamic performance of Ti foams." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:68938d12-d104-4637-8b08-d1c126ddca84.

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Titanium (Ti) foams of different densities 1622-4100 Kgm-3 made by a powder sintering technique were studied as to their structural and mechanical properties. The foams were tested under static and dynamic loading. The material was tested quasi statically and dynamically under strain rates in the range of 0.001-2500 s-1 and under different loading modes. It was found that strain rate sensitivity is more pronounced in lower density foams. Experiments were complimented by virtual testing. Based on the Voronoi tessellations a computational method was developed to generate stochastic foam geometries. Statistical control was applied to produce geometries with the microstructural characteristics of the tested material. The generated structures were numerically tested under different loading modes and strain rates. Voronoi polyhedrals were used to form the porosity network of the open cell foams. The virtually generated foams replicated the geometrical features of the experimentally tested material. Meshes for finite element simulations were produced. Existing material models were used for the parent material behaviour (sintered Ti) and calibrated to experiments. The virtual foam geometries of different densities were numerically tested quasi statically under uniaxial, biaxial and triaxial loading modes in order to investigate their macroscopic behaviour. Dynamic loading was also applied for compression. Strain rate sensitive and insensitive models were used for the parent material model in order to examine the influence of geometry and material strain rate sensitivity under high rates of deformation. It was found that inertial effects can enhance the strain rate sensitivity for low density foams and numerical predictions for the generated foam geometries were in very good agreement with experimental results. Power laws were established in scaling material properties with density. The study includes: 1. Information on the material behaviour and data for macroscopically modelling this type of foams for a range of densities and under different strain rates. 2. A proposed method for virtually generating foam geometries at a microscopic scale and examine the effect of geometrical characteristics on the macroscopic behaviour of foams.
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Shao, Peihui. "Reliable Solid Modelling Using Subdivision Surfaces." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9990.

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Les surfaces de subdivision fournissent une méthode alternative prometteuse dans la modélisation géométrique, et ont des avantages sur la représentation classique de trimmed-NURBS, en particulier dans la modélisation de surfaces lisses par morceaux. Dans ce mémoire, nous considérons le problème des opérations géométriques sur les surfaces de subdivision, avec l'exigence stricte de forme topologique correcte. Puisque ce problème peut être mal conditionné, nous proposons une approche pour la gestion de l'incertitude qui existe dans le calcul géométrique. Nous exigeons l'exactitude des informations topologiques lorsque l'on considère la nature de robustesse du problème des opérations géométriques sur les modèles de solides, et il devient clair que le problème peut être mal conditionné en présence de l'incertitude qui est omniprésente dans les données. Nous proposons donc une approche interactive de gestion de l'incertitude des opérations géométriques, dans le cadre d'un calcul basé sur la norme IEEE arithmétique et la modélisation en surfaces de subdivision. Un algorithme pour le problème planar-cut est alors présenté qui a comme but de satisfaire à l'exigence topologique mentionnée ci-dessus.
Subdivision surfaces are a promising alternative method for geometric modelling, and have some important advantages over the classical representation of trimmed-NURBS, especially in modelling piecewise smooth surfaces. In this thesis, we consider the problem of geometric operations on subdivision surfaces with the strict requirement of correct topological form, and since this problem may be ill-conditioned, we propose an approach for managing uncertainty that exists inherently in geometric computation. We take into account the requirement of the correctness of topological information when considering the nature of robustness for the problem of geometric operations on solid models, and it becomes clear that the problem may be ill-conditioned in the presence of uncertainty that is ubiquitous in the data. Starting from this point, we propose an interactive approach of managing uncertainty of geometric operations, in the context of computation using the standard IEEE arithmetic and modelling using a subdivision-surface representation. An algorithm for the planar-cut problem is then presented, which has as its goal the satisfaction of the topological requirement mentioned above.
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Books on the topic "Geometric solid modelling"

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Cecil, Armstrong, Geometric Modelling Society, and Information Geometers Ltd, eds. Djinn: A geometric interface for solid modelling : specification and report. Winchester: Information Geometers, 2000.

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CSG, Conference (1994 Winchester England). CSG 94: Set-theoretic solid modelling techniques and applications. Winchester: Information Geometers, 1994.

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CSG Conference (1996 Winchester, England). CSG 96: Set-theoretic solid modelling : techniques and applications. Winchester: Information Geometers, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geometric solid modelling"

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Ochiai, Yoshihiro. "Solid Modeling Using Boundary Integral Equations." In Geometric Modelling, 209–20. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35490-3_14.

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Roller, D. "Solid Modeling with Constrained Form Features." In Geometric Modelling, 275–84. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7584-2_19.

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Pratt, M. J. "Cyclide Blending in Solid Modelling." In Theory and Practice of Geometric Modeling, 235–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61542-9_15.

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Bloor, M. I. G., and M. J. Wilson. "Functionality in Solids Obtained from Partial Differential Equations." In Geometric Modelling, 21–42. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6916-2_2.

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Stroud, Ian Anthony, and Hildegarde Nagy. "Geometry." In Solid Modelling and CAD Systems, 257–313. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-259-9_5.

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Xu, Xun. "Geometric Modelling and Computer-Aided Design." In Integrating Advanced Computer-Aided Design, Manufacturing, and Numerical Control, 1–31. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-714-0.ch001.

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One of the key activities in any product design process is to develop a geometric model of the product from the conceptual ideas, which can then be augmented with further engineering information pertaining to the application area. For example, the geometric model of a design may be developed to include material and manufacturing information that can later be used in computer-aided process planning and manufacturing (CAPP/CAM) activities. A geometric model is also a must for any engineering analysis, such as finite elopement analysis (FEA). In mathematic terms, geometric modelling is concerned with defining geometric objects using computational geometry, which is often, represented through computer software or rather a geometric modelling kernel. Geometry may be defined with the help of a wire-frame model, surface model, or solid model. Geometric modelling has now become an integral part of any computer-aided design (CAD) system. In this chapter, various geometric modelling approaches, such as wire-frame, surface, and solid modelling will be discussed. Basic computational geometric methods for defining simple entities such as curves, surfaces, and solids are given. Concepts of parametric, variational, history-based, and history-free CAD systems are explained. These topics are discussed in this opening chapter because (a) CAD was the very first computer-aided technologies developed and (b) its related techniques and methods have been pervasive in the other related subjects like computer-aided manufacturing. This chapter only discusses CAD systems from the application point of view; CAD data formats and data exchange issues are covered in the second chapter.
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Ranshi, T. "The role of geometric solid modelling in integrating design and manufacture." In CIM – Mechanical Aspects, 121–42. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-034116-3.50013-7.

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Ho Ba Tho, M. C. "Bone and joints modelling with individualized geometric and mechanical properties derived from medical image." In Computational Fluid and Solid Mechanics 2003, 1719–22. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044046-0.50419-x.

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HOBATHO, M. "Bone and joints modelling with individualized geometric and mechanical properties derived from medical imageapplication to the evaluation of osteoarticular pathology." In Computational Fluid and Solid Mechanics 2003, 1719–22. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044046-0/50419-x.

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Piekarski, Wayne. "Real-Time 3D Design Modelling of Outdoor Structures Using Mobile Augmented Reality Systems." In Mobile Computing, 937–51. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-054-7.ch076.

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This chapter presents a series of new augmented reality user interaction techniques to support the capture and creation of 3D geometry of large outdoor structures. Named construction at a distance, these techniques are based on the action at a distance concepts employed by other virtual environments researchers. These techniques address the problem of AR systems traditionally being consumers of information, rather than being used to create new content. By using information about the user’s physical presence along with hand and head gestures, AR systems can be used to capture and create the geometry of objects that are orders of magnitude larger than the user, with no prior information or assistance. While existing scanning techniques can only be used to capture existing physical objects, construction at a distance also allows the creation of new models that exist only in the mind of the user. Using a single AR interface, users can enter geometry and verify its accuracy in real-time. Construction at a distance is a collection of 3D modelling techniques based on the concept of AR working planes, landmark alignment, constructive solid geometry operations, and iterative refinement to form complex shapes. This chapter presents a number of different construction at a distance techniques, and are demonstrated with examples of real objects that have been modelled in the physical world.
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Conference papers on the topic "Geometric solid modelling"

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Saia, A., M. S. Bloor, and A. de Pennington. "On the Integration of Parametric Polynominal Surface Representations Into CSG Based Solid Modelling." In ASME 1989 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1989-0027.

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Abstract The integration of sculptured surface and solid modelling techniques across a common geometric domain continues as an active source of research and development in computer aided geometric design. Although much progress has been made, fundamental difficulties remain due to the differing approaches to shape representation and subsequent evaluation found in the two modelling paradigms. The first part of the paper reviews some of the issues arising when addressing the integration of existing sculptured surface representations into a Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) based solid modeller. The second part describes work at Leeds which proposes the use of a new evaluation technique known as ISOS (Inner Set Outer Set) for CSG defined objects which incorporate both quadric and B-spline surface geometry.
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Karra, C., and T. A. Phelps. "Geometric Feature Recognition by Object Decomposition." In ASME 1989 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1989-0020.

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Abstract Design engineers have traditionally have had inadequate manufacturing information. One method of getting that information to them is through its inclusion in computer-based design tools such as geometric solid modelling programs. Analysis of geometry requires methods such as feature recognition. A new approach to feature recognition has been developed which recognizes features by taking apart the original solid object into prismatic primitives. This approach already covers a very large portion of what is currently manufactured. The expected applications of this approach include automatic manufacturability analysis, design for assembly, process planning, etc.
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Letter, John G., and Zhi-Kui Ling. "Interference/Collision Detection Using Geometric Halfspaces." In ASME 1991 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1991-0026.

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Abstract Analyzing engineering problems with solid modelling has significantly increased in popularity in recent years. One of the areas of analyses is interference and collision detection between solid objects. Interference is defined as a condition in which two objects share a portion of space at the same instance of time. Collision is defined as a condition in which the surfaces of two objects are in contact. This paper presents a method of determining interferences and collisions between objects defined by geometric halfspaces. Specifically, it is implemented in a process of determining collision free paths of a three degree of freedom manipulator installed in a recirculating nuclear steam generator. Possible interference / collision between the components of the manipulator and generator are examined. Halfspaces are used to construct solid objects for the purpose of determining interferences and collisions between any two objects. Halfspaces are defined as simple point sets that have characteristic functions. The halfspaces presented in this paper are planes, cylinders, and spheres. Definition points, which are a set of discrete points on the surface of the object, approximate the shape of the object. Halfspaces and definition points are the information required for the interference / collision detection analysis. The technique addressed in this paper checks the relative location of the definition points of one object with the geometric halfspaces of another object. The result of each analysis determines if the objects are either interfering with, in contact with, or separated from each other.
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Seed, G. M., and G. E. Cardew. "CFEL: A Finite Element Library." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/cie-9051.

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Abstract An overview of an object-oriented class library, CFEL, for finite element modelling is presented. The structure and class hierarchies of CFEL are presented and how the library forms part of a larger computational modelling class framework, CML. The CML framework is a move towards a general framework for geometric computational modelling which unifies traditionally separate disciplines such as stress analysis and fluid flow. CML consists of the following set of core libraries for modelling: i) data structures, ii) element and structure geometric modelling, iii) material and geometric characteristics and iv) solid and fluid finite element modelling, of which CFEL is a member.
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Ceran, Murat, and B. Serpil Acar. "A Three Dimensional Parametric Human Spine Model Generation." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58328.

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The human spine is a geometrically, non-linear complex structure. Solid models are widely used in spine modelling studies. There is a need for developing a generic parametric spine model to be employed in biomechanical modelling of the spine to reduce the complexity of the dimensions and orientations. In this proposed parametric model, the geometric complexity of the vertebrae is simplified by associating the geometry of the significant anatomic properties of the spine. This is achieved by identifying and employing the key parameters of geometric components. The features of each vertebra are generated by using these key parameters. These features are then combined to generate the model of a particular vertebra. The variables of this generic vertebra can then be edited to model the whole spinal column. The proposed technique helps the potential user to edit the variables with less effort, in order to form a realistic model of the full spine to represent different groups of people with different dimensions and postures.
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Hui, K. C., and Y. M. Kan. "Data Partitioning for Parallel Intersection of Solids." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dfm-1407.

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Abstract Set-theoretic operation in solid modelling is a basis for various applications in design and manufacturing such as interference detection and NC tool path verification. However, evaluating set-theoretic operation is one of the most time consuming process in solid modelling. Considerable amount of time is required for performing boolean operations on complex objects consisting of large amount of geometric data. It is thus desirable to increase the speed of set-theoretic operations in order to widen the scope of applications of solid modelling systems. This paper presents a method for distributing various entities of two solid models in an array of processors for parallel intersection tests in evaluating set-theoretic operations. A recursive spatial subdivision technique is adopted for partitioning and distributing entities for parallel intersection computation. Parallel algorithms are developed for distributing entities among an array of processors which are mapped to a set of 3-D rectangular regions in the object space. Test results on an experimental system implemented on a DECmpp 12QQQ/Sx/8K distributed memory SIMD computer show that the data partitioning and distribution process requires O(N) time on the average, where N is the number of entities involved.
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7

El-Mounayri, Hazim A., Behnam M. Imani, Mohamed A. Elbestawi, and Allan D. Spence. "Closing the Gap Between CAD/CAM and Machining Process Simulation: A Generic Solution." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-1144.

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Abstract In this paper, an enhanced CAD/CAM system for simulating 3-axis milling of complex parts is proposed. The system consists of the conventional CAD/CAM system enhanced with a milling process simulator. The latter includes a geometric module and a physical module. The geometric simulator integrates solid, surface and curve modelling to accurately represent the geometric entities involved in the milling simulation and extract the geometric information required for predicting different process parameters. The physical simulator is composed of force models for flat and ball end mills which compute instantaneous cutting forces. The applicability of the approach is demonstrated for the case of 3-axis milling using a ball end tool. The validity is shown by predicting cutting forces and comparing them with experimental measurements. This system can be used to verify and optimize NC codes, thus contributing to improving the reliability, accuracy, and productivity of NC machining.
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Gerolymos, Georges A., and Isabelle Vallet. "Contribution to Single-Point-Closure Reynolds-Stress Modelling of Inhomogeneous Flows." In ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2003-45346.

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The purpose of this paper is to present recent advances on the development of fully single-point-closure Reynolds-stress models, for flows with strong inhomogeneities, such as solid-wall effects or strong streamwise gradients (eg. shockwave/turbulent-boundary-layer-interaction). As a starting point it is shown that several recently developed wall-normal-free (wall-topology-free) RSMs, using gradients of turbulence length-scale and of anisotropy-invariants to replace geometric normals, can be interpreted as a generalization of well-known redistribution closures but with coefficients that are not scalars but fourth-order tensors. These tensorial coefficients are function of anisotropy-invariants and of their gradients (which indicate the direction of inhomogeneity). In view of the above result, it is suggested that the theory of the redistribution tensor closure should be revisited, with emphasis on inhomogeneity effects. Four baseline sets of coefficient values are given, and the proposed models are applied for various flows (developing flow in a square duct, 2-D and 3-D separated flows).
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Fu, X. P., and T. A. Dean. "Development of a Knowledge-Based Sequence Design System for Cross Wedge Rolling." In ASME 1994 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exhibition and the ASME 1994 8th Annual Database Symposium collocated with the ASME 1994 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1994-0402.

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Abstract A prototype knowledge-based system of sequence design for cross wedge rolling (CWR) is described. This is a part of a complete system developed for cross wedge rolling process. Parts are catalogued with a hybrid solid rotational part classification and coding system utilizing the principles of group technology, together with metal-flow features. The proper knowledge representation of the rolled part and wedge tool configurations is incorporated into an expert system. Given a part code and its geometric data via the text input, the rolling sequence and wedge tool configurations are automatically determined by the system. Wedge tool feature patterns are embedded into the knowledge representation to match a corresponding rolled part. Examples demonstrated in this paper show that this system has been applied to modelling sequence designs and these designs have assisted the modelling die design activities for the CWR process.
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Grimes, M. K., Y. S. Lee, and M. C. Downer. "Solid to Plasma Transition in fs-Laser-Irradiated Fe: Collapse of the Spin-Orbit Gap." In Applications of High Field and Short Wavelength Sources. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/hfsw.1997.the33.

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Quantitative measurements of the optical conductivity of iron under earth core conditions are important in modelling geomagnetism[1]. We approximate such conditions transiently[2] by exciting an Fe, and a control Al, surface in a vacuum or helium environment with 620 nm, 120 fs FWHM laser pulses with 105 peak-background contrast ratio at .6 ps focussed to peak intensities 1011 < I < 1015 W/cm2 on target. Figs. 1 and 2 present p- and s- polarized self-reflectivity R p,s (θ,I) for constant incident angle θ and peak intensity I, respectively. Geometric correction for the dependence of spot shape on θ has been made in plotting the data. Using very linear pulse energy reference monitors, reproducibility to within ΔR/R ≤ 0.1% was achieved. This allowed measurement of very slight reflectivity changes, as shown in the inset of Fig. 1. This figure also shows that the reflectivities of Fe and Al in the solid to plasma transition region (1013 – 1015 W/cm2) approach each other as I increases, consistent with their similar total conduction electron densities (ne ≃ 1.8 × 1023 cm−3) when the Fe d-electrons are included. This suggests qualitatively that progressive unbinding of the d-electrons dominates the changes in optical properties of Fe in this regime. Fig. 2 provides evidence that a density gradient develops during the laser pulse. It is well known[3] that θ min , the angle at which the minumum p-polarized reflectivity occurs, shifts toward smaller angles as the density gradient scale length grows. Although the largest angle of incidence attainable in the experiment was smaller than θ min under these conditions, the data clearly indicate a shift toward smaller values, seen for Fe in Fig. 2 as a crossing of the p-polarized data sets.
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