Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geometric quantile

Academic literature on the topic 'Geometric quantile'

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Published: 1 June 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Geometric quantile":

1

Cheng, Yebin, and Jan G. De Gooijer. "On the uth geometric conditional quantile." Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 137, no. 6 (June 2007): 1914–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspi.2006.02.014.

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Sathar, E. I. Abdul, and Veena L. Vijayan. "Quantile Based Geometric Vitality Function of Order Statistics." Mathematical Methods of Statistics 32, no. 1 (March 2023): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1066530723010040.

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Kim, Hyuk Joo. "A Study on Computing Sample Quantiles of Discrete Probability Distributions." Korean Data Analysis Society 26, no. 1 (February 29, 2024): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2024.26.1.175.

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In this paper, we studied the methods of computing sample quantiles for the case of discrete probability distributions. There are two main methods which are introduced in statistics textbooks. We compared these two methods by simulation from practical and educational necessity. We considered some cases of Poisson, binomial, geometric, negative binomial, and discrete uniform distributions by setting up the parameters, and for each distribution we performed 10,000 times of simulation of drawing random samples of size 20 and 50. At each time of simulation, we computed the difference between the population quantile and the sample quantile obtained by each method. We compared the two methods by using two criteria: one is the mean square error over 10,000 times of simulation, and the other is the frequency of obtaining closer sample quantile to the population quantile than the competing method. We also obtained the estimated probabilities of exact estimation of population quantiles for the two methods, and performed the tests of homogeneity on the probability distribution of under-estimation, exact estimation, and over-estimation of the population quantiles.
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Khare, Kshitij, and James P. Hobert. "Geometric ergodicity of the Gibbs sampler for Bayesian quantile regression." Journal of Multivariate Analysis 112 (November 2012): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmva.2012.05.004.

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Arshad, Rana Muhammad Imran, Christophe Chesneau, and Farrukh Jamal. "The Odd Gamma Weibull-Geometric Model: Theory and Applications." Mathematics 7, no. 5 (May 2, 2019): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7050399.

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In this paper, we study a new four-parameter distribution called the odd gamma Weibull-geometric distribution. Having the qualities suggested by its name, the new distribution is a special member of the odd-gamma-G family of distributions, defined with the Weibull-geometric distribution as baseline, benefiting of their respective merits. Firstly, we present a comprehensive account of its mathematical properties, including shapes, asymptotes, quantile function, quantile density function, skewness, kurtosis, moments, moment generating function and stochastic ordering. Then, we focus our attention on the statistical inference of the corresponding model. The maximum likelihood estimation method is used to estimate the model parameters. The performance of this method is assessed by a Monte Carlo simulation study. An empirical illustration of the new distribution is presented by the analyses two real-life data sets. The results of the proposed model reveal to be better as compared to those of the useful beta-Weibull, gamma-Weibull and Weibull-geometric models.
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Li, Shuang, and Jie Shan. "Adaptive Geometric Interval Classifier." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 8 (July 31, 2022): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11080430.

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Quantile, equal interval, and natural breaks methods are widely used data classification methods in geospatial analysis and cartography. However, when applied to data with skewed distributions, they can only reveal the variations of either high frequent values or extremes, which often leads to undesired and biased classification results. To handle this problem, Esri provided a compromise method, named geometric interval classification (GIC). Although GIC performs well for various classification tasks, its mathematics and solution process remain unclear. Moreover, GIC is theoretically only applicable to single-peak (single-modal), one-dimensional data. This paper first mathematically formulates GIC as a general optimization problem subject to equality constraint. We then further adapt such formulated GIC to handle multi-peak and multi-dimensional data. Both thematic data and remote sensing images are used in this study. The comparison with other classification methods demonstrates the advantage of GIC being able to highlight both middle and extreme values. As such, it can be regarded as a general data classification approach for thematic mapping and other geospatial applications.
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Peng, Bo, Zhengqiu Xu, and Min Wang. "The Exponentiated Lindley Geometric Distribution with Applications." Entropy 21, no. 5 (May 20, 2019): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21050510.

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We introduce a new three-parameter lifetime distribution, the exponentiated Lindley geometric distribution, which exhibits increasing, decreasing, unimodal, and bathtub shaped hazard rates. We provide statistical properties of the new distribution, including shape of the probability density function, hazard rate function, quantile function, order statistics, moments, residual life function, mean deviations, Bonferroni and Lorenz curves, and entropies. We use maximum likelihood estimation of the unknown parameters, and an Expectation-Maximization algorithm is also developed to find the maximum likelihood estimates. The Fisher information matrix is provided to construct the asymptotic confidence intervals. Finally, two real-data examples are analyzed for illustrative purposes.
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Huang, Mei Ling, and Xiang Raney-Yan. "A Method for Confidence Intervals of High Quantiles." Entropy 23, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23010070.

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The high quantile estimation of heavy tailed distributions has many important applications. There are theoretical difficulties in studying heavy tailed distributions since they often have infinite moments. There are also bias issues with the existing methods of confidence intervals (CIs) of high quantiles. This paper proposes a new estimator for high quantiles based on the geometric mean. The new estimator has good asymptotic properties as well as it provides a computational algorithm for estimating confidence intervals of high quantiles. The new estimator avoids difficulties, improves efficiency and reduces bias. Comparisons of efficiencies and biases of the new estimator relative to existing estimators are studied. The theoretical are confirmed through Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, the applications on two real-world examples are provided.
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Ramires, Thiago, Edwin Ortega, Gauss Cordeiro, and Gholamhoss Hamedani. "The beta generalized half-normal geometric distribution." Studia Scientiarum Mathematicarum Hungarica 50, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 523–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/sscmath.50.2013.4.1258.

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The beta generalized half-normal distribution is commonly used to model lifetimes. We propose a new wider distribution called the beta generalized half-normal geometric distribution, whose failure rate function can be decreasing, increasing or upside-down bathtub. Its density function can be expressed as a linear combination of beta generalzed half-normal density functions. We derive quantile function, moments and generating unction. We characterize the proposed distribution using a simple relationship between wo truncated moments. The method of maximum likelihood is adapted to estimate the model parameters and its potentiality is illustrated with an application to a real fatigue data set. Further, we propose a new extended regression model based on the logarithm of the new distribution. This regression model can be very useful for the analysis of real data and provide more realistic fits than other special regression models.
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Ramadan, Ahmed T., Ahlam H. Tolba, and Beih S. El-Desouky. "A Unit Half-Logistic Geometric Distribution and Its Application in Insurance." Axioms 11, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11120676.

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A new one parameter distribution recently was proposed for modelling lifetime data called half logistic-geometric (HLG) distribution. In this paper, appropriate transformation is considered for HLG distribution and a new distribution is derived called unit half logistic-geometric (UHLG) distribution for modelling bounded data in the interval (0, 1). Some important statistical properties are investigated with a closed form quantile function. Some methods of parameter estimation are introduced to evaluate the distribution parameter and a simulation study is introduced to compare these different methods. A real data application in the insurance field is introduced to show the flexibility of the new distribution modelling such data comparing with other distributions.
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geometric quantile":

1

Romon, Gabriel. "Contributions to high-dimensional, infinite-dimensional and nonlinear statistics." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAG013.

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Trois problèmes sont abordés dans cette thèse: l'inférence en régression multi-tâche de grande dimension, les quantiles géométriques dans les espaces normés de dimension infinie, et les moyennes de Fréchet généralisées dans les arbres métriques. Premièrement, nous considérons un modèle de régression multi-tâche avec une hypothèse de sparsité sur les lignes de la matrice paramètre. L'estimation est faite en haute dimension avec l'estimateur Lasso multi-tâche. Afin de corriger le biais induit par la pénalité, nous introduisons un nouvel objet dépendant uniquement des données que nous appelons matrice d'interaction. Cet outil nous permet d'établir des résultats asymptotiques avec des lois limites normales ou chi². Il en découle des intervalles de confiance et des ellipsoïdes de confiance, qui sont valides dans des régimes de sparsité qui ne sont pas couverts par la littérature existante. Deuxièmement, nous étudions le quantile géométrique, qui généralise le quantile classique au cadre des espaces normés. Nous commençons par fournir de nouveaux résultats sur l'existence et l'unicité des quantiles géométriques. L'estimation est effectuée avec un M-estimateur approché et nous examinons ses propriétés asymptotiques en dimension infinie. Quand le quantile théorique n'est pas unique, nous utilisons la théorie de la convergence variationnelle pour obtenir des résultats asymptotiques sur les sous-suites dans la topologie faible. Quand le quantile théorique est unique, nous montrons que l'estimateur est consistant pour la topologie de la norme dans une large classe d'espaces de Banach, en particulier dans les espaces séparables et uniformément convexes. Dans les Hilbert séparables nous démontrons des représentations de Bahadur-Kiefer de l'estimateur, dont découle immédiatement la normalité asymptotique à la vitesse paramétrique. Finalement, nous considérons des mesures de tendance centrale pour des données vivant sur un réseau, qui est modélisé par un arbre métrique. Les paramètres de localisation que nous étudions sont appelés moyennes de Fréchet généralisées: elles sont obtenues en remplaçant le carré dans la définition de la moyenne de Fréchet par une fonction de perte convexe et croissante. Nous élaborons une notion de dérivée directionnelle dans l'arbre, ce qui nous aide à localiser et caractériser les minimiseurs. Nous examinons les propriétés statistiques du M-estimateur correspondant: nous étendons le concept de moyenne collante au contexte des arbres métriques, puis nous obtenons un théorème collant non-asymptotique et une loi des grands nombres collante. Pour la médiane de Fréchet, nous établissons des bornes de concentration non-asymptotiques et des théorèmes central limite collants
Three topics are explored in this thesis: inference in high-dimensional multi-task regression, geometric quantiles in infinite-dimensional Banach spaces and generalized Fréchet means in metric trees. First, we consider a multi-task regression model with a sparsity assumption on the rows of the unknown parameter matrix. Estimation is performed in the high-dimensional regime using the multi-task Lasso estimator. To correct for the bias induced by the penalty, we introduce a new data-driven object that we call the interaction matrix. This tool lets us develop normal and chi-square asymptotic distribution results, from which we obtain confidence intervals and confidence ellipsoids in sparsity regimes that are not covered by the existing literature. Second, we study the geometric quantile, which generalizes the classical univariate quantile to normed spaces. We begin by providing new results on the existence and uniqueness of geometric quantiles. Estimation is then conducted with an approximate M-estimator and we investigate its large-sample properties in infinite dimension. When the population quantile is not uniquely defined, we leverage the theory of variational convergence to obtain asymptotic statements on subsequences in the weak topology. When there is a unique population quantile, we show that the estimator is consistent in the norm topology for a wide range of Banach spaces including every separable uniformly convex space. In separable Hilbert spaces, we establish novel Bahadur-Kiefer representations of the estimator, from which asymptotic normality at the parametric rate follows. Lastly, we consider measures of central tendency for data that lives on a network, which is modeled by a metric tree. The location parameters that we study are called generalized Fréchet means: they obtained by relaxing the square in the definition of the Fréchet mean to an arbitrary convex nondecreasing loss. We develop a notion of directional derivative in the tree, which helps us locate and characterize the minimizers. We examine the statistical properties of the corresponding M-estimator: we extend the notion of stickiness to the setting of metrics trees, and we state a non-asymptotic sticky theorem, as well as a sticky law of large numbers. For the Fréchet median, we develop non-asymptotic concentration bounds and sticky central limit theorems
2

Razaaly, Nassim. "Rare Event Estimation and Robust Optimization Methods with Application to ORC Turbine Cascade." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX027.

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Cette thèse vise à formuler des méthodes innovantes de quantification d'incertitude (UQ) à la fois pour l'optimisation robuste (RO) et l'optimisation robuste et fiable (RBDO). L’application visée est l’optimisation des turbines supersoniques pour les Cycles Organiques de Rankine (ORC).Les sources d'énergie typiques des systèmes d'alimentation ORC sont caractérisées par une source de chaleur et des conditions thermodynamiques entrée/sortie de turbine variables. L'utilisation de composés organiques, généralement de masse moléculaire élevée, conduit à des configurations de turbines sujettes à des écoulements supersoniques et des chocs, dont l'intensité augmente dans les conditions off-design; ces caractéristiques dépendent également de la forme locale de la pâle, qui peut être influencée par la variabilité géométrique induite par les procédures de fabrication. Il existe un consensus sur la nécessité d’inclure ces incertitudes dans la conception, nécessitant ainsi des méthodes UQ et un outil permettant l'optimisation de form adapté.Ce travail est décomposé en deux parties principales. La première partie aborde le problème de l’estimation des événements rares en proposant deux méthodes originales pour l'estimation de probabilité de défaillance (metaAL-OIS et eAK-MCS) et un pour le calcul quantile (QeAK-MCS). Les trois méthodes reposent sur des stratégies d’adaptation basées sur des métamodèles (Kriging), visant à affiner directement la région dite Limit-State-Surface (LSS), contrairement aux methodes de type Subset Simulation (SS). En effet, ces dernières considèrent différents seuils intermédiaires associés à des LSSs devant être raffinés. Cette propriété de raffinement direct est cruciale, car elle permet la compatibilité de couplage à des méthodes RBDO existantes.En particulier, les algorithmes proposés ne sont pas soumis à des hypothèses restrictives sur le LSS (contrairement aux méthodes de type FORM/SORM), tel que le nombre de modes de défaillance, cependant doivent être formulés dans l’espace standard. Les méthodes eAK-MCS et QeAK-MCS sont dérivées de la méthode AK-MCS, et d'un échantillonnage adaptatif et parallèle basé sur des algorithmes de type K-Means pondéré. MetaAL-OIS présente une stratégie de raffinement séquentiel plus élaborée basée sur des échantillons MCMC tirés à partir d'une densité d'échantillonage d'importance (ISD) quasi optimale. Par ailleurs, il propose la construction d’une ISD de type mélange de gaussiennes, permettant l’estimation précise de petites probabilités de défaillance lorsqu’un grand nombre d'échantillons (plusieurs millions) est disponible, comme alternative au SS. Les trois méthodes sont très performantes pour des exemples analytiques 2D à 8D classiques, tirés de la littérature sur la fiabilité des structures, certaines présentant plusieurs modes de défaillance, et tous caractérisés par une très faible probabilité de défaillance/niveau de quantile. Des estimations précises sont obtenues pour les cas considérés en un nombre raisonnable d'appels à la fonction de performance
This thesis aims to formulate innovative Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) methods in both Robust Optimization (RO) and Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO) problems. The targeted application is the optimization of supersonic turbines used in Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power systems.Typical energy sources for ORC power systems feature variable heat load and turbine inlet/outlet thermodynamic conditions. The use of organic compounds with a heavy molecular weight typically leads to supersonic turbine configurations featuring supersonic flows and shocks, which grow in relevance in the aforementioned off-design conditions; these features also depend strongly on the local blade shape, which can be influenced by the geometric tolerances of the blade manufacturing. A consensus exists about the necessity to include these uncertainties in the design process, so requiring fast UQ methods and a comprehensive tool for performing shape optimization efficiently.This work is decomposed in two main parts. The first one addresses the problem of rare events estimation, proposing two original methods for failure probability (metaAL-OIS and eAK-MCS) and one for quantile computation (QeAK-MCS). The three methods rely on surrogate-based (Kriging) adaptive strategies, aiming at refining the so-called Limit-State Surface (LSS) directly, unlike Subset Simulation (SS) derived methods. Indeed, the latter consider intermediate threshold associated with intermediate LSSs to be refined. This direct refinement property is of crucial importance since it enables the adaptability of the developed methods for RBDO algorithms. Note that the proposed algorithms are not subject to restrictive assumptions on the LSS (unlike the well-known FORM/SORM), such as the number of failure modes, however need to be formulated in the Standard Space. The eAK-MCS and QeAK-MCS methods are derived from the AK-MCS method and inherit a parallel adaptive sampling based on weighed K-Means. MetaAL-OIS features a more elaborate sequential refinement strategy based on MCMC samples drawn from a quasi-optimal ISD. It additionally proposes the construction of a Gaussian mixture ISD, permitting the accurate estimation of small failure probabilities when a large number of evaluations (several millions) is tractable, as an alternative to SS. The three methods are shown to perform very well for 2D to 8D analytical examples popular in structural reliability literature, some featuring several failure modes, all subject to very small failure probability/quantile level. Accurate estimations are performed in the cases considered using a reasonable number of calls to the performance function.The second part of this work tackles original Robust Optimization (RO) methods applied to the Shape Design of a supersonic ORC Turbine cascade. A comprehensive Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) analysis accounting for operational, fluid parameters and geometric (aleatoric) uncertainties is illustrated, permitting to provide a general overview over the impact of multiple effects and constitutes a preliminary study necessary for RO. Then, several mono-objective RO formulations under a probabilistic constraint are considered in this work, including the minimization of the mean or a high quantile of the Objective Function. A critical assessment of the (Robust) Optimal designs is finally investigated
3

Jung, Hoon. "Optimal inventory policies for an economic order quantity models under various cost functions /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3012983.

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Polavieja, Gonzalo Garcia de. "Geometric phase and angle for noncyclic adiabatic change, revivals and measures of quantal instability." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325986.

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5

Martins, Andrey Gomes. "\"Evoluções discretas em sistemas quânticos com coordenadas não-comutativas\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-07052007-144956/.

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Estudamos a Mecânica Quântica não-relativística de sistemas físicos caracterizados pela presença de um grau de liberdade extra, que não comuta com a coordenada temporal. Na linguagem da Geometria Não-Comutativa, tratamos de sistemas descritos por uma álgebra da forma F(Q) X \"A IND.\"teta\"\"(R X \"S POT.1\"), onde F(Q) é a álgebra de funções sobre o espaço de configurações usual \"Q\" e \"A IND.\"teta\"\"(R X \"S POT.1\") é uma deformação de F(R X \"S POT.1\"), conhecida como cilindro não-comutativo. Do ponto de vista geométrico, os geradores do cilindro não-comutativo correspondem à coordenada temporal e a uma coordenada espacial (extra) compacta, em analogia com o caso das teorias do tipo Kaluza-Klein. Mostramos que, como resultado da não-comutatividade entre o tempo e a dimensão extra, a evolução temporal dos sistemas descritos por F(Q) X \"A_t(R X S 1) é discretizada. Ao desenvolver a teoria de espalhamento para sistemas definidos nesse espaço-tempo, verificamos o aparecimento de um efeito inexistente no caso usual: transições entre um estado \"in\" com energia \"E IND.\"alfa\"\" e um estado \"out\" com energia \"E IND.\"beta\"\" (diferente de \"E IND.\"alfa\"\") passam a ser possíveis. Mais especificamente, transições serão possíveis sempre que \"E IND.\"beta\" -\" E IND.\"alfa\" = 2\"pi\"/\"teta\"n, com n \'PERTENCE A\' aos inteiros. As conseqüências desse fato são investigadas de maneira qualitativa, no caso específico de uma barreira uni-dimensional do tipo delta. Essa análise é baseada na aproximação de Born para a matriz de transição
We study the nonrelativistic Quantum Mechanics of physical systems characterized F(Q) X \"A IND.\"teta\"\"(R X \"S POT.1\"), by the presence of an extra degree of freedom which does not commute with the time coordinate. In the language of Noncommutative Geometry, we deal with systems described by an algebra of the form F(Q) X \"A IND.\"teta\"\"(R X \"S POT.1\"),, where F(Q) is the algebra of functions over the usual con¯guration space \"Q\" e \"A IND.\"teta\"\"(R X\"S POT.1\") is a deformation of F(R X \"S POT.1\"), known as noncommutative cylinder. From a geometric viewpoint, the generators of the noncommutative cylinder correspond to the time coordinate and to an extra compact spatial coordinate, just like in Kaluza-Klein theories. We show that because of the noncommutativity between the time coordinate and the extra degree of freedom, the time evolution of systems described by F(Q) X \"A_t(R X S 1) is discretized. We develop the scattering theory for such systems, and verify the presence of a new e®ect: transitions from an in state with energy \"E IND.\"alfa\"\" and an out state with energy \"E IND.\"beta\"\" (diferente de \"E IND.\"alfa\"\") are now allowed, in contrast to the usual case. In fact, transitions take place whenever \"E IND.\"beta\" -\" E IND.\"alfa\" = 2\"pi\"/\"teta\"n,, with n \'PERTENCE A\'. The consequences of this result are investigated in the case of a one-dimensional delta barrier. Our analysis is based on the Born approximation for the transition matrix.
6

Tilly, David. "Probabilistic treatment planning based on dose coverage : How to quantify and minimize the effects of geometric uncertainties in radiotherapy." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medicinsk strålningsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-304180.

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Traditionally, uncertainties are handled by expanding the irradiated volume to ensure target dose coverage to a certain probability. The uncertainties arise from e.g. the uncertainty in positioning of the patient at every fraction, organ motion and in defining the region of interests on the acquired images. The applied margins are inherently population based and do not exploit the geometry of the individual patient. Probabilistic planning on the other hand incorporates the uncertainties directly into the treatment optimization and therefore has more degrees of freedom to tailor the dose distribution to the individual patient. The aim of this thesis is to create a framework for probabilistic evaluation and optimization based on the concept of dose coverage probabilities. Several computational challenges for this purpose are addressed in this thesis. The accuracy of the fraction by fraction accumulated dose depends directly on the accuracy of the deformable image registration (DIR). Using the simulation framework, we could quantify the requirements on the DIR to 2 mm or less for a 3% uncertainty in the target dose coverage. Probabilistic planning is computationally intensive since many hundred treatments must be simulated for sufficient statistical accuracy in the calculated treatment outcome. A fast dose calculation algorithm was developed based on the perturbation of a pre-calculated dose distribution with the local ratio of the simulated treatment’s fluence and the fluence of the pre-calculated dose. A speedup factor of ~1000 compared to full dose calculation was achieved with near identical dose coverage probabilities for a prostate treatment. For some body sites, such as the cervix dataset in this work, organ motion must be included for realistic treatment simulation. A statistical shape model (SSM) based on principal component analysis (PCA) provided the samples of deformation. Seven eigenmodes from the PCA was sufficient to model the dosimetric impact of the interfraction deformation. A probabilistic optimization method was developed using constructs from risk management of stock portfolios that enabled the dose planner to request a target dose coverage probability. Probabilistic optimization was for the first time applied to dataset from cervical cancer patients where the SSM provided samples of deformation. The average dose coverage probability of all patients in the dataset was within 1% of the requested.
7

Yang, Kang. "Geometric Aspects in the Hamiltonian Theory of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS425.

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Les propriétés topologiques des systèmes quantiques de Hall ont bien été étudiées au cours des trente dernières années. En contraste, les aspects géométriques des systèmes quantiques de Hall sont loin d’être pleinement compris. Dans cette thèse, je vais étudier les aspects géométriques de la vue de la théorie Hamiltonienne de fermions composites et tester la réponse de les états quantiques de Hall sous perturbation anisotrope. Je trouve dans le présence d'anisotropie, les fermions composites reçoivent des effets de mélange entre les différents niveaux de Landau de fermions composites. Une métrique variationnelle peut être définié aux fermions composites afin de minimiser un tel effet. Les gaps d'activation et les gaps collectifs neutres sont calculé pour un système quantique à effet Hall avec champ magnétique incliné. Le premier se présente une robustesse tandis que le dernier est susceptible de perturbation anisotrope. Les états d'onde de densité de charge sous masse anisotropes sont également étudiés. La phase de bulle se révèle être fortement supprimé par l'anisotropie de masse. Toute les transitions de phase du premier ordre dans le cas isotrope sont remplacées par des transitions de phase continues dans le cas anisotrope
The topological properties in quantum Hall systems are thoroughly studied in the past thirty years. In constrast, the geometric aspects of quantum Hall systems are far from being fully understood. In this thesis, I am going to investigate the geometric aspects from the view of the composite fermion Hamiltonian theory and test the response of quantum Hall states under anisotropic perturbation. I find in the presence of anisotropy, composite fermions receive mixing effects between different composite fermion Landau levels. A variational metric can be combined to the composite fermions in order to minimize such an effect. The activation gaps and neutral collective gaps are calculated for a quantum Hall system with tilted magnetic field. The former exhibits a robustness while the latter is susceptible to anisotropic perturbation. The charge density wave states under mass anisotropy are also studied. The bubble phase is found to be strongly suppressed by the mass anisotropy. All the first-order phase transitions present in the isotropic case are replaced by continuous phase transitions in the anisotropic case
8

Javelle, Jérôme. "Cryptographie Quantique : Protocoles et Graphes." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM093/document.

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Je souhaite réaliser un modèle théorique optimal pour les protocoles de partage de secret quantique basé sur l'utilisation des états graphes. Le paramètre représentatif d'un partage de secret à seuil est, entre autres la taille du plus grand ensemble de joueurs qui ne peut pas accéder au secret. Je souhaite donc trouver un famille de protocoles pour laquelle ce paramètre est le plus petit possible. J'étudie également les liens entre les protocoles de partage de secret quantique et des familles de courbes en géométrie algébrique
I want to realize an optimal theoretical model for quantum secret sharing protocols based on graph states. The main parameter of a threshold quantum secret sharing scheme is the size of the largest set of players that can not access the secret. Thus, my goal is to find a collection of protocols for which the value of this parameter is the smallest possible. I also study the links between quantum secret sharing protocols and families of curves in algebraic geometry
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Hessmo, Björn. "Quantum optics in constrained geometries." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Quantum Chemistry, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-1208.

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When light exhibits particle properties, and when matter exhibits wave properties quantum mechanics is needed to describe physical phenomena.

A two-photon source produces nonmaximally entangled photon pairs when the source is small enough to diffract light. It is shown that diffraction degrades the entanglement. Quantum states produced in this way are used to probe the complementarity between path information and interference in Young's double slit experiment.

When two photons have a nonmaximally entangled polarization it is shown that the Pancharatnam phase is dependent on the entanglement in a nontrivial way. This could be used for implementing simple quantum logical circuits.

Magnetic traps are capable of holding cold neutral atoms. It is shown that magnetic traps and guides can be generated by thin wires etched on a surface using standard nanofabrication technology. These atom chips can hold and manipulate atoms located a few microns above the surface with very high accuracy. The potentials are very versatile and allows for highly complex designs, one such design implemented here is a beam splitter for neutral atoms. Interferometry with these confined de Broglie is also considered. These atom chips could be used for implementing quantum logical circuits.

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Andreata, Mauro Antonio. "Processos quânticos em cavidades com a geometria variável." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4904.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:15:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseMAA.pdf: 847552 bytes, checksum: 1f35674def3677059714a3443eb6fe70 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-03-11
Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos
In this thesis, we study the quantum de ection of ultracold particles by mirrors, the shrinking of free wave packets, the tunnelling of narrow Gaussian packets through delta potentials and the entanglement between the modes of electromagnetic eld in a vibrating cavity.
Nesta tese, estudamos a de exão quântica de partículas ultrafrias por espelhos, o encolhimento de pacotes de ondas de matéria livres, o tunelamento de estreitos pacotes de ondas gaussianos através de potenciais do tipo delta de Dirac e o emaranhamento entre os modos do campo eletromagnético numa cavidade vibrante.
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Books on the topic "Geometric quantile":

1

Rosenberg, Alex. Noncommutative algebraic geometry and representations of quantized algebras. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995.

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Colloque geometrie et physique (1986 Paris, France). Physique quantique et géométrie: Formulation mathématique cohérente des phénoménes quantiques : Colloque Géométrie et Physique de 1986 en l'honneur d'André Lichnerowicz. Paris: Hermann, 1988.

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I, Manin I͡U. Gauge field theory and complex geometry. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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I, Manin I͡U. Gauge field theory and complex geometry. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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Derbyshire, John. Unknown Quantity: A Real and Imaginary History of Algebra. Washington, DC, USA: Joseph Henry Press, 2006.

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Derbyshire, John. Unknown quantity: A real and imaginary history of algebra. Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Press, 2006.

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Laudal, Olav Arnfinn. Geometry of time-spaces: Non-commutative algebraic geometry, applied to quantum theory. Singapore: World Scientific, 2011.

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Neher, Erhard. Geometric representation theory and extended affine Lie algebras. Providence, R.I: American Mathematical Society, 2011.

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Neher, Erhard, Alistair Savage, and Weiqiang Wang. Geometric representation theory and extended affine Lie algebras. Providence, R.I: American Mathematical Society, 2011.

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Hu, Sen. Lecture notes on Chern-Simons-Witten theory. Singapore: World Scientific, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geometric quantile":

1

Mundy, Brent. "Quantity, Representation and Geometry." In Patrick Suppes: Scientific Philosopher, 59–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0776-1_4.

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Vescovi, Edoardo. "Geometric Properties of Semiclassically Quantized Strings." In Springer Theses, 51–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63420-3_3.

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Taylor, Alexander John. "Geometry and Scaling of Vortex Lines." In Analysis of Quantised Vortex Tangle, 75–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48556-0_3.

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Bohm, Arno, Ali Mostafazadeh, Hiroyasu Koizumi, Qian Niu, and Joseph Zwanziger. "Quantal Phase Factors for Adiabatic Changes." In The Geometric Phase in Quantum Systems, 5–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10333-3_2.

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Bohm, Arno, Ali Mostafazadeh, Hiroyasu Koizumi, Qian Niu, and Joseph Zwanziger. "Quantal Phases for General Cyclic Evolution." In The Geometric Phase in Quantum Systems, 53–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10333-3_4.

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Ocneanu, Adrian. "Graph Geometry, Quantized Groups and Non-Amenable Subfactors." In Differential Geometric Methods in Theoretical Physics, 117. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9148-7_12.

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Pinkall, Ulrich, and Oliver Gross. "Surfaces and Riemannian Geometry." In Compact Textbooks in Mathematics, 87–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39838-4_6.

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AbstractThe most simple quantity of a one-dimensional curve $$\gamma \colon [a,b]\to \mathbb {R}^n$$ γ : [ a , b ] → ℝ n is its speed $$|\gamma '|\colon [a,b]\to \mathbb {R}$$ | γ ′ | : [ a , b ] → ℝ .
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Losev, Ivan. "Representation Theory of Quantized Gieseker Varieties, I." In Lie Groups, Geometry, and Representation Theory, 273–314. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02191-7_11.

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Goldin, Gerald A., Ralph Menikoff, and David H. Sharp. "Quantized vortex filaments in incompressible fluids." In The Physics of Phase Space Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Geometric Quantization, and Wigner Function, 363–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-17894-5_380.

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Cuntz, Joachim. "Representations of Quantized Differential Forms in Non-Commutative Geometry." In Mathematical Physics X, 237–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77303-7_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Geometric quantile":

1

Ramirez-Nafarrate, Adrian, and David F. Muñoz. "Quantile estimation for a non-geometric ergodic Markov chain." In 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2013: ICNAAM 2013. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4825810.

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Zhang, Ying. "Nonparametric Quantile Estimation: A Geometric Framework for Laplacian Manifold Regularization." In 2015 International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/itms-15.2015.334.

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Shen, Zhongyang. "Cluster Quantity Distinguished by Geometric Angle Measurement." In 2020 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Information and Communication (ICAIIC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaiic48513.2020.9065253.

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Siddiqui, Shabnam, and Julio Gea-Banacloche. "Geometric phase gate with a quantized driving field." In Defense and Security Symposium, edited by Eric J. Donkor, Andrew R. Pirich, and Howard E. Brandt. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.665010.

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Lee, Chang-Shen, Nicolo Michelusi, and Gesualdo Scutari. "Finite Rate Quantized Distributed optimization with Geometric Convergence." In 2018 52nd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2018.8645345.

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de Vries, Charlotte M., and Matthew B. Parkinson. "Modeling the Variability of Glenoid Geometry in Intact Shoulders." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59934.

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The objective of this research is to model the geometric variability of the glenoid (the “socket” component of the “ball and socket” connection of the shoulder joint) of the scapula. The model must capture the observed variability with sufficient resolution such that it informs operative and design decisions. This required the quantification of variability in landmark locations and relevant bone geometry. Landmarks were placed on the existing glenoid meshes, such that they provided enough information to represent the geometry, while being consistent across each glenoid. Additionally, the surface geometry of the glenoid vault was modeled. This required the application of existing mathematical and statistical modeling approaches, including geometric fitting, radial basis functions, and principal component analysis. The landmark identification process represented the glenoid in new manner. The work was validated against existing approaches and CT scans from 42 patients. A range of information on shoulder geometries can assist with preoperative planning, as well as implant design, for Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (TSA). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to quantify the variability of shape across the glenoid landmarks, and synthesize new glenoid models. The process of creation of these shoulder geometries may possibly be useful for the study of other joints. The models created will help surgeons and engineers to understand the effects of osteoarthritis on bone geometry, as well as the range of variability present in healthy shoulders.
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Bonneau, Olivier, Victor Lucas, and Jean Frene. "Influence of Geometric Parameters on Annular Fluid Seal Characteristics." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0511.

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Abstract The numerical prediction of the dynamical behavior of turbopumps is very important. The space technology and the field of energy products are in constant development and it is necessary to quantify the influence of each component. The dynamical characteristics of annular seals must be calculated with accuracy. The aim of this work is to quantify the influence of geometric parameters on the dynamical behavior of the shaft. Three parameters will be studied: the duct loss parameter (at the seal entrance), a conical seal, and a misaligned seal. The two last geometrical defects have a direct influence on the film thickness. It is important to insist on the influence of the entrance duct loss which governs, in large part, the stiffness calculus (and then the stability). The most difficult problem is to evaluate this duct loss which depends on the seal geometry, Reynolds number and fluid characteristics... This study shows the important rôle played by geometrical parameter of a seal. The conicity and the misalignment modify the dynamical behavior of the shaft. These effects are essentially due to the axial flow which generates a pressure field due to axial film geometry. It should be noted that in the case of predominant circumferential flow these conclusions are totally different.
8

Gupta, Raj K. "In-Situ Test Structures for Metrological and Mechanical Characterization of MEMS." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-1149.

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Abstract Separating geometrical dependence from extracted mechanical stiffness parameters to obtain fundamental mechanical properties, such as the Young’s Modulus E and the internal (residual) stress σ within 10%, is difficult. Mechanical stiffness, obtained from an intermediate measured quantity, generally depends on high powers of structural geometry, but only linearly with mechanical property. For example, the maximum deflection of a uniformly loaded beam under linear-elastic conditions is proportional to L4 and 1/t3, where L is the beam length and t is the thickness, but is only linearly proportional to E. Secondly, geometric measurements to sub-micron precision as required for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) require error-free techniques and metrological calibration standards. In this talk, methods for error-reduction, using techniques for detecting errors in measured geometry and a proposed method for in-situ wafer-level electrical measurement of geometry, are presented.
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Garzon, Victor E., and David L. Darmofal. "Impact of Geometric Variability on Axial Compressor Performance." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38130.

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A probabilistic methodology to quantify the impact of geometric variability on compressor aerodynamic performance is presented. High-fidelity probabilistic models of geometric variability are derived using a Principal-Component-Analysis (PCA) of blade surface measurements. This probabilistic blade geometry model is then combined with a compressible, viscous blade-passage analysis to estimate the impact on the passage loss and turning using a Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, a mean-line multi-stage compressor model, with probabilistic loss and turning models from the blade-passage analysis, is developed to quantify the impact of the blade variability on overall compressor efficiency and pressure ratio. The methodology is applied to a flank-milled Integrally-Bladed Rotor (IBR). Results demonstrate that overall compressor efficiency can be reduced by approximately 1% due to blade-passage effects arising from representative manufacturing variability.
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Panna, Alireza R., Mattias Kruskopf, Albert F. Rigosi, Martina Marzano, Dinesh K. Patel, Shamith U. Payagala, Dean G. Jarrett, David B. Newell, and Randolph E. Elmquist. "Superconducting Contact Geometries for Next-Generation Quantized Hall Resistance Standards." In 2020 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2020). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpem49742.2020.9191753.

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Reports on the topic "Geometric quantile":

1

Leis and Zhu. PR-003-103603-R01 Assessing Corrosion Severity for High-Strength Steels. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010821.

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This project was directed at isolating the effects of the metal-loss geometry and the properties of the steels, as the basis to quantify the effects of the metal loss geometry and to seamlessly consolidate the databases and integrate severity criteria for the vintage and higher-strength grades, to make corrosion management seamless across grade.
2

Leis, Brian, Xian-Kui Zhu, and Tom McGaughy. PR-185-133739-R01 Quantifying Re-Rounding in Pipeline Damage Severity Models. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011479.

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The objective of this work was to quantify re-rounding effects on mechanically damaged pipelines. This was done to determine if curvature suffices to identify where the effects of re-rounding are localized. It also was done to establish a framework that could be calibrated through subsequent analysis as an input to guidelines for damage severity assessment. Recognizing the expanding role of ILI and related in-the-ditch evaluation tools to help size and characterize damage, brief consideration was also given to ongoing work within the PRCI Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Program. This was done regarding the use of such technologies to assess metallurgical changes in the damaged zone and their integration into model development and sensitivity analysis. Key conclusions for the analysis completed for this project and its validation by comparison to full-scale data include: - Re-rounding can cause significant nonlinear effects in otherwise simple pressure cycling, due in part to localized strain hardening and localized kink formation when it occurs within dents and/or gouges; - Metal-loss due to gouging can be simply idealized without jeopardizing the utility of analysis of the effects of re-rounding, as shown by three validation cases benchmarked against full-scale test-ing; - Re-rounding showed a first-order dependence on pipe geometry and pressure; and - Curvature change appears adequate to quantify re-rounding, but is inadequate to quantify local damage severity in a Level 1 damage screening tool: this also requires consideration of membrane strain (stress) and wall thinning where it is evident. The dependence of re-rounding on pipe geometry and pressure should be broadly quantified, with analyses to trend the role of membrane stress included to build the basis for an ILI-based model to screen damage severity.
3

Meidani, Hadi, and Amir Kazemi. Data-Driven Computational Fluid Dynamics Model for Predicting Drag Forces on Truck Platoons. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-036.

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Fuel-consumption reduction in the truck industry is significantly beneficial to both energy economy and the environment. Although estimation of drag forces is required to quantify fuel consumption of trucks, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to meet this need is expensive. Data-driven surrogate models are developed to mitigate this concern and are promising for capturing the dynamics of large systems such as truck platoons. In this work, we aim to develop a surrogate-based fluid dynamics model that can be used to optimize the configuration of trucks in a robust way, considering various uncertainties such as random truck geometries, variable truck speed, random wind direction, and wind magnitude. Once trained, such a surrogate-based model can be readily employed for platoon-routing problems or the study of pavement performance.
4

Saltus, Christina, Todd Swannack, and S. McKay. Geospatial Suitability Indices Toolbox (GSI Toolbox). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41881.

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Habitat suitability models are widely adopted in ecosystem management and restoration, where these index models are used to assess environmental impacts and benefits based on the quantity and quality of a given habitat. Many spatially distributed ecological processes require application of suitability models within a geographic information system (GIS). Here, we present a geospatial toolbox for assessing habitat suitability. The Geospatial Suitability Indices (GSI) toolbox was developed in ArcGIS Pro 2.7 using the Python® 3.7 programming language and is available for use on the local desktop in the Windows 10 environment. Two main tools comprise the GSI toolbox. First, the Suitability Index Calculator tool uses thematic or continuous geospatial raster layers to calculate parameter suitability indices based on user-specified habitat relationships. Second, the Overall Suitability Index Calculator combines multiple parameter suitability indices into one overarching index using one or more options, including: arithmetic mean, weighted arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and minimum limiting factor. The resultant output is a raster layer representing habitat suitability values from 0.0 to 1.0, where zero is unsuitable habitat and one is ideal suitability. This report documents the model purpose and development as well as provides a user’s guide for the GSI toolbox.
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Saltus, Christina, S. McKay, and Todd Swannack. Geospatial suitability indices (GSI) toolbox : user's guide. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45128.

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Habitat suitability models have been widely adopted in ecosystem management and restoration to assess environmental impacts and benefits according to the quantity and quality of a given habitat. Many spatially distributed ecological processes require application of suitability models within a geographic information system (GIS). This technical report presents a geospatial toolbox for assessing habitat suitability. The geospatial suitability indices (GSI) toolbox was developed in ArcGIS Pro 2.7 using the Python 3.7 programming language and is available for use on the local desktop in the Windows 10 environment. Two main tools comprise the GSI toolbox. First, the suitability index (SIC) calculator tool uses thematic or continuous geospatial raster layers to calculate parameter suitability indices using user-specified habitat relationships. Second, the overall suitability index calculator (OSIC) combines multiple parameter suitability indices into one overarching index using one or more options, including arithmetic mean, weighted arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and minimum limiting factor. The result is a raster layer representing habitat suitability values from 0.0–1.0, where zero (0) is unsuitable habitat and one (1) is ideal suitability. This report documents the model purpose and development and provides a user’s guide for the GSI toolbox.
6

Witzig, Andreas, Camilo Tello, Franziska Schranz, Johannes Bruderer, and Matthias Haase. Quantifying energy-saving measures in office buildings by simulation in 2D cross sections. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541623658.

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A methodology is presented to analyse the thermal behaviour of buildings with the goal to quantify energy saving measures. The solid structure of the building is modelled with finite elements to fully account for its ability to store energy and to accurately predict heat loss through thermal bridges. Air flow in the rooms is approximated by a lumped element model with three dynamical nodes per room. The dynamic model also contains the control algorithm for the HVAC system and predicts the net primary energy consumption for heating and cooling of the building for any time period. The new simulation scheme has the advantage to avoid U-values and thermal bridge coefficients and instead use well-known physical material parameters. It has the potential to use 2D and 3D geometries with appropriate automatic processing from BIM models. Simulations are validated by comparison to IDA ICE and temperature measurement. This work aims to discuss novel approaches to disseminating building simulation more widely.
7

Clapham. L52206 3D Details of Defect-Induced MFL and Stress in Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011358.

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The following report represents a continuation of our ongoing efforts to understand and quantify the effect of stress on MFL signals from oil and gas transmission line inspection tools. Earlier GRI funding has enabled us to develop an unprecedented understanding of stress effects on magnetic behaviour in pipeline steels, and this understanding is now further enhanced and applied to specific problems such as MFL signals from interacting defects and also MFL signals produced from mechanical damage. This report summarizes the result of the 2002 studies. These studies focused on 3 main areas: MFL signals from interacting defects � examined how magnetic behaviour is altered when two pits are sufficiently close that their stress and magnetization fields interact. This produces MFL signal effects that differ from those of isolated defects. MFL signal dependence on elastic, plastic and residual strain � this continues our fundamental investigation into stress effects. By combining applied uniaxial strain and stress-relief heat treatments, we have been able to show how magnetic behaviour and MFL signals respond to different types of deformation. Specifically, we have found the elastic deformation has a significant effect, but that plastic deformation does not. This is a fundamental result on which our further modeling and experimental studies are based. MFL signals from mechanical damage � this is the first year we have turned our attention to this specific area, however our earlier results have laid the groundwork for these studies. MFL signals from dents contain geometry and stress components. We have conducted experimental and finite element modeling studies of MFL signals from dented samples, and have shown that the MFL signal from shallow dents arises from the residual stress pattern, while severe dent signals are mainly related to dent geometry. This work forms the main part of a continuing study.
8

George. PR-015-13603-R01 Meter Station Design Procedures to Minimize Pipe Flow-Induced Pulsation Error. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010099.

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This project explored the sources of flow-induced pulsations in natural gas meter stations and the detrimental effects the pulsations have on the measurement capabilities of three types of gas custody transfer meters: orifice meters, turbine meters, and ultrasonic meters. To supplement the PRCI-funded research on the effect of compressor pulsations on ultrasonic flow measurement, Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has performed a study to identify best practices for meter station piping design that avoid generating or amplifying flow-induced pulsations. This study involved a literature review to identify features of meter station piping that (1) generate pulsations independently of compressors or (2) amplify pulsating flows entering station piping. Where possible, the study also worked to quantify the effect of flow-induced pulsations on meter accuracy. This information has been used to create best practices and methodologies for minimizing metering errors caused by pulsation. As a result of this research, various design techniques able to reduce or eliminate pulsations in meter station piping systems have been compiled. Mitigation practices specific to obstructions, flow restrictions, piping geometries, gaps, acoustically-induced pulsation, and flow-induced turbulence are discussed. Additionally, common methods of filtering high-frequency pulsations are discussed in detail.
9

Dinovitzer, Aaron, Sanjay Tiku, and Amin Eshraghi. PR-214-153739-R01 ERW Fatigue Life Integrity Management Improvement-Phase III. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011574.

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While the general fracture mechanics methodology for calculating fatigue lives is well documented and validated, its application in the definition of pipeline system fatigue lives have differed from field experience. The source and magnitude of the conservatism inherent in the calculated fatigue life estimates are a concern when establishing integrity management programs. Of particular interest, are the fatigue life estimates used in the integrity management programs for Electric resistance welding (ERW) pipeline systems that are primarily concerned with pipe wall anomalies oriented along the pipe axis. In this project, fatigue crack growth rate parameters were generated for pipe body and ERW. Axial flaws of different sizes were machined in pipe body and weld center line of two different pipe geometries and subjected to cyclic pressure tests. Fatigue crack growth rate of the flaws in the full-scale fatigue tests was monitored. The full-scale fatigue tests results were compared to existing codified treatments to quantify the level of conservatism inherent in the current state of practice. Recommendations were provided to enhance the precision and manage conservatism in fatigue crack growth rate calculations used in integrity management. This report has a related webinar.
10

Honegger. L51990 Extended Model for Pipe Soil Interaction. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010152.

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This program contributes to maintaining and improving the integrity and safety of existing pipelines with regard to ground movement hazards, and reducing the capital costs of new pipeline systems. The research program focused on the axial, lateral and complex loading of pipeline due to soil movements. It includes (1) a literature review: it presents significant issues related to modeling pipe-soil interaction with a focus to recent development since ASCE (1984); (2) axial loading: it includes a summary of the methods to estimate the axial soil forces on pipeline and recent field measurements on decommissioned pipe sections in weak to desiccated, cohesive to sandy silts in California; (3) lateral loading of buried pipeline: it covers the effects of cover depth, soil strength, loading rate, trench geometry and backfill strength on pipe-soil interaction; (4) complex loading of buried pipeline: the interaction between the lateral and axial soil forces on pipeline are studied; and (5) quantification of mitigative methods: a physical testing program including a total of 20 laterally loaded pipelines are used to identify and quantify the effects of various mitigative methods on reducing lateral loads transferred to a buried pipeline.

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