Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geomagnetic substorm

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Geomagnetic substorm'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Geomagnetic substorm"

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Yagova, Nadezda, Natalia Nosikova, Lisa Baddeley, Olga Kozyreva, Dag A. Lorentzen, Vyacheslav Pilipenko, and Magnar G. Johnsen. "Non-triggered auroral substorms and long-period (1–4 mHz) geomagnetic and auroral luminosity pulsations in the polar cap." Annales Geophysicae 35, no. 3 (March 8, 2017): 365–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-365-2017.

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Abstract. A study is undertaken into parameters of the polar auroral and geomagnetic pulsations in the frequency range 1–4 mHz (Pc5∕Pi3) during quiet geomagnetic intervals preceding auroral substorms and non-substorm background variations. Special attention is paid to substorms that occur under parameters of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions typical for undisturbed days (non-triggered substorms). The spectral parameters of pulsations observed in auroral luminosity as measured by a meridian scanning photometer (Svalbard) in the polar cap and near the polar boundary of the auroral oval are studied and compared with those for the geomagnetic pulsations measured by the magnetometer network IMAGE in the same frequency range. It is found that Pc5∕Pi3 power spectral density (PSD) is higher during pre-substorm time intervals than for non-substorm days and that specific variations of pulsation parameters (substorm precursors) occur during the last 2–4 pre-substorm hours.
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Guineva, Veneta, Irina Despirak, Rolf Werner, Rumiana Bojilova, and Lyubomira Raykova. "Mid-latitude effects of “expanded” geomagnetic substorms: a case study." EPJ Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125401004.

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The goal of this work is to examine the effects of the “expanded” or “high-latitude” substorms at mid-latitudes. These substorms are generated at auroral latitudes and propagate up to geomagnetic latitudes above ∼70° GMLat. They are usually observed during reccurent high-speed streams (HSS) from coronal holes. To identify the substorm activity, data from the networks IMAGE, SuperMAG and INTERMAGNET, and data from the all-sky cameras in Lovozero were used. To verify the interplanetary and geomagnetic conditions, data from the CDAWeb OMNI and from the WDC for geomagnetism at Kyoto were taken. We analyzed one substorm event on 20 February 2017 at ∼18:40 UT, it developed during HSS, in non-storm conditions. Some features of mid-latitude positive bays (MPB) at the European and Asian stations, and in particular at the Scandinavian meridian have been studied: the bay sign conversion from negative to positive values, the longitudinal and latitudinal extent of the MPB. The central meridian of the substorm was determined.
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Lu, Li, Qinglong Yu, Shuai Jia, Zhong Xie, Jian Lan, and Yuan Chang. "Simulation of Dynamic Evolution of Ring Current Ion Flux by a Lunar Base Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) Imaging." Astronomy 2, no. 3 (August 22, 2023): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/astronomy2030011.

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The distribution of energetic ion flux in the ring current region, such as a meteorological cumulonimbus cloud, stores up the particle energy for a geomagnetic substorm. It is helpful to study the geomagnetic substorm mechanism by using a lunar base ENA imaging simulation of the dynamic evolution of the ring current, and establishing the corresponding relationship between key node events of the substorm. Based on the previous observation experience and our simulation results of the dynamic evolution of the ring current, we propose a macroscopic model of substorms related to the dynamic evolution of ring currents and present the possibility of confirming the causal sequence of some of those critical node events of substorms with the lunar base ENA imaging measurement. IBEX, operating in the ecliptic plane, may even give examples of the telemetry of ring current ion fluxes through ENA measurements during substorms/quiets.
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Iyemori, T., and D. R. K. Rao. "Decay of the Dst field of geomagnetic disturbance after substorm onset and its implication to storm-substorm relation." Annales Geophysicae 14, no. 6 (June 30, 1996): 608–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-0608-3.

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Abstract. In order to investigate the causal relationship between magnetic storms and substorms, variations of the mid-latitude geomagnetic indices, ASY (asymmetric part) and SYM (symmetric part), at substorm onsets are examined. Substorm onsets are defined by three different phenomena; (1) a rapid increase in the mid-latitude asymmetric-disturbance indices, ASY-D and ASY-H, with a shape of so-called `mid-latitude positive bay\\'; (2) a sharp decrease in the AL index; (3) an onset of Pi2 geomagnetic pulsation. The positive bays are selected using eye inspection and a pattern-matching technique. The 1-min-resolution SYM-H index, which is essentially the same as the hourly Dst index except in terms of the time resolution, does not show any statistically significant development after the onset of substorms; it tends to decay after the onset rather than to develop. It is suggested by a simple model calculation that the decay of the magnetospheric tail current after substorm onset is responsible for the decay of the Dst field. The relation between the IMF southward turning and the development of the Dst field is re-examined. The results support the idea that the geomagnetic storms and substorms are independent processes; that is, the ring-current development is not the result of the frequent occurrence of substorms, but that of enhanced convection caused by the large southward IMF. A substorm is the process of energy dissipation in the magnetosphere, and its contribution to the storm-time ring-current formation seems to be negligible. The decay of the Dst field after a substorm onset is explained by a magnetospheric energy theorem.
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Belova, E., S. Kirkwood, and H. Tammet. "The effect of magnetic substorms on near-ground atmospheric current." Annales Geophysicae 18, no. 12 (December 31, 2000): 1623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-001-1623-z.

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Abstract. Ionosphere-magnetosphere disturbances at high latitudes, e.g. magnetic substorms, are accompanied by energetic particle precipitation and strong variations of the ionospheric electric fields and currents. These might reasonably be expected to modify the local atmospheric electric circuit. We have analysed air-earth vertical currents (AECs) measured by a long wire antenna at Esrange, northern Sweden during 35 geomagnetic substorms. Using superposed epoch analysis we compare the air-earth current variations during the 3 h before and after the time of the magnetic X-component minimum with those for corresponding local times on 35 days without substorms. After elimination of the average daily variation we can conclude that the effect of substorms on AEC is small but distinguishable. It is speculated that the AEC increases observed during about 2 h prior to the geomagnetic X-component minimum, are due to enhancement of the ionospheric electric field. During the subsequent 2 h of the substorm recovery phase, the difference between "substorm" and "quiet" atmospheric currents decreases. The amplitude of this "substorm" variation of AEC is estimated to be less than 50% of the amplitude of the diurnal variation in AEC during the same time interval. The statistical significance of this result was confirmed using the Van der Waerden X-test. This method was further used to show that the average air-earth current and its fluctuations increase during late expansion and early recovery phases of substorms.Key words: Ionosphere (electric fields and currents) · Magnetospheric physics (storms and substorms) · Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (atmospheric electricity)
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Куражковская, Надежда, Nadezhda Kurazhkovskaya, Борис Клайн, and Boris Klain. "Effect of geomagnetic activity, solar wind and parameters of interplanetary magnetic field on regularities in intermittency of Pi2 geomagnetic pulsations." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 1, no. 3 (September 27, 2015): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11551.

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We present the results of investigation of the influence of geomagnetic activity, solar wind and parameters of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) on properties of the intermittency of midlatitude burst series of Pi2 geomagnetic pulsations observed during magnetospheric substorms on the nightside (substorm Pi2) and in the absence of these phenomena (nonsub-storm Pi2). We considered the index α as a main characteristic of intermittency of substorm and nonsubstorm Pi2 pulsations. The index α characterizes the slope of the cumulative distribution function of Pi2 burst amplitudes. The study indicated that the value and dynamics of the index α varies depending on the planetary geomagnetic activity, auroral activity and the intensity of magnetospheric ring currents. In addition, the forms of dependences of the index α on the density n, velocity V, dynamic pressure Pd of the solar wind and IMF Bx-component are different. The behavior of the index α depending on the module of B, By- and Bz-components is similar. We found some critical values of V, Pd, B, By- and Bz-components, after reaching of which the turbulence of the magnetotail plasma during substorm development is decreased. The revealed patterns of the intermittency of Pi2 pulsations can be used for qualitative assessment of turbulence level in the magnetotail plasma depending on changing interplanetary conditions.
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Wild, J. A., E. E. Woodfield, and S. K. Morley. "On the triggering of auroral substorms by northward turnings of the interplanetary magnetic field." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 9 (September 25, 2009): 3559–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-3559-2009.

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Abstract. Some studies over the last decade have indicated that the instability responsible for substorm expansion phase onset may require an external trigger such as a northward turning of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Statistical investigations have lead to contrasting interpretations regarding the relationship between proposed solar wind triggers and substorm onsets identified from geomagnetic data. We therefore present the results of a study into the possible triggering of 260 substorms between 2001–2005, exploiting data from the Cluster and IMAGE satellite missions. We find that only a small fraction (<25%) of the substorms studied are associated with northward turnings of the IMF. However, the majority of the observed onsets are associated with a growth phase characterised using a subset of the criteria employed to define northward-turning IMF triggers. Based upon a case-by-case investigation and the results of an analysis using the statistics of point processes, we conclude that northward-turning structures in the IMF, while sometimes coinciding with the initial phase of individual substorms, are not required to trigger the magnetospheric instability associated with substorm expansion phase onset.
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Wang, H., and H. Lühr. "The efficiency of mechanisms driving Subauroral Polarization Streams (SAPS)." Annales Geophysicae 29, no. 7 (July 20, 2011): 1277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-1277-2011.

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Abstract. We have investigated the seasonal and diurnal variation of SAPS (Subauroral Polarization Streams) occurrence based on 3663 SAPS events identified in DMSP ion drift observations in the Northern Hemisphere during July 2001 and June 2003. Their relationships with high latitude convection electric field, substorm, and ionospheric conductivity have been addressed. SAPS occurrences show a clear seasonal and diurnal variation with the occurrence rates varying by a factor of 5. It is found that the convection electric field might play a dominant role in association with SAPS occurrence. Peak convection electric fields mark the occurrence maximum of SAPS. Substorm might play a secondary role related to SAPS occurrence. It account for the secondary maximum in SAPS occurrence rate during December solstice. Our work demonstrates that the substorm induced electric field can develop SAPS during relatively low global convection. Somewhat low fluxtube-integrated conductivity is favorable for SAPS to develop. Another topic is the temporal relationship between SAPS and substorm phases. SAPS can occur at substorm onset, substorm expansion and recovery phases. Most probably SAPS tend to occur 60 min/45 min after substorm onset during quiet/more disturbed geomagnetic activity, respectively. This indicates that enhanced global convection helps SAPS to develop quicker during substorms. The peak plasma velocity of SAPS is increased on average only by 5–10 % by the substorm process.
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Guineva, Veneta, Irina Despirak, and Natalia Kleimenova. "Substorms manifestation at high and mid-latitudes during two large magnetic storm." Aerospace Research in Bulgaria 31 (2019): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/arb.v31.e03.

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The dynamics of magnetic substorms at high and middle latitudes during two severe geomagnetic storms: on 17March 2015 and on 22–23 June2015has been analyzed. The storms were rather similar: both storms were a result of the solar wind Sheath impact and both storms were characterized by a strong intensity (SYM/Hmin<–200nT). We studied the magnetic substorms during these storms on the base of the INTERMAGNET and IMAGE networks data. The attendant solar wind and Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) parameters were taken from the OMNI data base. The spatial-temporal dynamics of three substorms was studied in detail: at 17:29 UT and at 22:55 UT during the first storm and at 18:33 UT during the second storm. The substorms on 17.03.2015originated during the main storm phase, and the onset of the substorm on 22.06.2015 followed the storm sudden commencement (SSC) of the second storm. All three substorms were characterized by a sharp poleward expansion of the westward electrojet simultaneously with a slower motion to lower latitudes. They were observed also at middle and low latitudes as positive magnetic bays. The westward electrojet reached ~71°CGMLat during the first two substorms and surpassed 75°CGMLat during the third substorm. Therefore, the first two events were “classical” substorms, and the third one –an “expanded” substorm. We suggested that this behavior is related to the different solar wind conditions: the “classical” substorms developed under magnetic cloud (MC) conditions, and the “expanded” –under the Sheath region effect.
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Pulkkinen, A., A. Thomson, E. Clarke, and A. McKay. "April 2000 geomagnetic storm: ionospheric drivers of large geomagnetically induced currents." Annales Geophysicae 21, no. 3 (March 31, 2003): 709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-709-2003.

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Abstract. Geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) flowing in technological systems on the ground are a direct manifestation of space weather. Due to the proximity of very dynamic ionospheric current systems, GIC are of special interest at high latitudes, where they have been known to cause problems, for example, for normal operation of power transmission systems and buried pipelines. The basic physics underlying GIC, i.e. the magnetosphere – ionosphere interaction and electromagnetic induction in the ground, is already quite well known. However, no detailed study of the drivers of GIC has been carried out and little is known about the relative importance of different types of ionospheric current systems in terms of large GIC. In this study, the geomagnetic storm of 6–7 April 2000 is investigated. During this event, large GIC were measured in technological systems, both in Finland and in Great Britain. Therefore, this provides a basis for a detailed GIC study over a relatively large regional scale. By using GIC data and corresponding geomagnetic data from north European magnetometer networks, the ionospheric drivers of large GIC during the event were identified and analysed. Although most of the peak GIC during the storm were clearly related to substorm intensifications, there were no common characteristics discernible in substorm behaviour that could be associated with all the GIC peaks. For example, both very localized ionospheric currents structures, as well as relatively large-scale propagating structures were observed during the peaks in GIC. Only during the storm sudden commencement at the beginning of the event were large-scale GIC evident across northern Europe with coherent behaviour. The typical duration of peaks in GIC was also quite short, varying between 2–15 min.Key words. Geomagnetism and paleo-magnetism (geomagnetic induction) – Ionosphere (ionospheric disturbances) – Magnetospheric physics (storms and substorms)
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geomagnetic substorm"

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Uwamahoro, Jean. "An analysis of sources and predictability of geomagnetic storms." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005236.

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Solar transient eruptions are the main cause of interplanetary-magnetospheric disturbances leading to the phenomena known as geomagnetic storms. Eruptive solar events such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are currently considered the main cause of geomagnetic storms (GMS). GMS are strong perturbations of the Earth’s magnetic field that can affect space-borne and ground-based technological systems. The solar-terrestrial impact on modern technological systems is commonly known as Space Weather. Part of the research study described in this thesis was to investigate and establish a relationship between GMS (periods with Dst ≤ −50 nT) and their associated solar and interplanetary (IP) properties during solar cycle (SC) 23. Solar and IP geoeffective properties associated with or without CMEs were investigated and used to qualitatively characterise both intense and moderate storms. The results of this analysis specifically provide an estimate of the main sources of GMS during an average 11-year solar activity period. This study indicates that during SC 23, the majority of intense GMS (83%) were associated with CMEs, while the non-associated CME storms were dominant among moderate storms. GMS phenomena are the result of a complex and non-linear chaotic system involving the Sun, the IP medium, the magnetosphere and ionosphere, which make the prediction of these phenomena challenging. This thesis also explored the predictability of both the occurrence and strength of GMS. Due to their nonlinear driving mechanisms, the prediction of GMS was attempted by the use of neural network (NN) techniques, known for their non-linear modelling capabilities. To predict the occurrence of storms, a combination of solar and IP parameters were used as inputs in the NN model that proved to predict the occurrence of GMS with a probability of 87%. Using the solar wind (SW) and IP magnetic field (IMF) parameters, a separate NN-based model was developed to predict the storm-time strength as measured by the global Dst and ap geomagnetic indices, as well as by the locally measured K-index. The performance of the models was tested on data sets which were not part of the NN training process. The results obtained indicate that NN models provide a reliable alternative method for empirically predicting the occurrence and strength of GMS on the basis of solar and IP parameters. The demonstrated ability to predict the geoeffectiveness of solar and IP transient events is a key step in the goal towards improving space weather modelling and prediction.
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Yamamoto, Kazuhiro. "Excitation of High-m Poloidal ULF Waves in the Inner Magnetosphere during Geomagnetic Storms and Substorms: Importance of Radial Gradient of Proton Distributions in Drift-Bounce Resonance." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253099.

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Tsareva, Olga. "Variabilité temporelle du champ magnétique terrestre et son influence sur l'environnement spatial proche." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30122.

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Le champ magnétique terrestre connaît une forte variabilité temporelle avec des périodes caractéristiques aussi courtes que la dizaine de secondes (sous-orages magnétosphériques responsables du déclenchement des aurores polaires) et aussi longues que le million d'années (inversions de la polarité nord-sud). Ses variations temporelles, bien que d'origine et de caractéristiques très différentes, affectent la dynamique de l'environnement spatial proche de la Terre : précipitation de particules dans la haute atmosphère, modification des flux de particules cosmiques, échappement atmosphérique. La première partie de cette thèse est dédiée au développement d'une nouvelle théorie cinétique des instabilités dans la queue magnétosphérique qui pourrait expliquer l'origine des sous-orages. En partant d'une théorie connue des instabilités de dérive liées à la présence d'un gradient de pression dans la queue magnétosphérique, le modèle proposé dans cette these inclut le mouvement de rebond des électrons piégés dans le champ géomagnétique qui peuvent entrer en résonance avec les modes de dérive (drift-Alfvén instability) si le gradient de densité dans la queue devient important. La prise en compte de ce mouvement de rebond augmente significativement le taux de croissance de cette instabilité universelle. Pour tenter de valider ce nouveau modèle, un exemple d'observation aurorale par la mission THEMIS (3 février 2008) a été analysé. Cet événement a été choisi car il correspond à un arc auroral isolé observé à la fois par les caméras All-sky situées au sol et par les satellites THEMIS orbitant à 10 RE. Cette activation aurorale semble bien avoir été déclenchée par une soudaine compression de la queue magnétosphérique vers 10 RE augmentant sensiblement le gradient de pression et provoquant des fluctuations importantes du champ magnétique. Les ordres de grandeur de la période et du taux de croissance de ces oscillations sont compatibles avec les courbes de dispersion déduites du modèle théorique. La deuxième partie de la thèse étudie l'influence du renversement des polarités du champ magnétique sur l'environnement radiatif de la Terre. En particulier, nous avons calculé les variations du flux de protons cosmiques lors d'une inversion géomagnétique pour déduire les doses de rayonnement auxquelles la population humaine et les astronautes pourraient être exposés. [...]
The Earth's magnetic field undergoes strong temporal variabilities with characteristic periods as short as ten seconds (magnetospheric substorms triggering the polar aurora) and as long as a million years (geomagnetic reversals). Its temporal variations, although of very different origin and characteristics, affect the dynamics of the near-Earth space environment.The first part of this thesis is dedicated to the development of a new kinetic theory of instabilities in the magnetospheric tail which could explain the origin of substorms. Starting from a known theory of drift instabilities linked to the presence of a pressure gradient in the magnetotail, the proposed model includes trapped bouncing electrons which can enter into resonance with drift Alfvén instability modes if the density gradient in the tail becomes large. Taking this the bouncing motion into account significantly increases the growth rate of this universal instability. To try to validate this new model, an example of an auroral observation by the THEMIS mission (February 3, 2008) was analyzed. This event was chosen because it corresponds to an isolated auroral arc observed both by the All-sky cameras located on the ground and by the THEMIS satellites orbiting at 10 RE. This auroral activation seems to have been triggered by a sudden compression of the magnetospheric tail towards 10 RE significantly increasing the pressure gradient and causing significant fluctuations in the magnetic field. The orders of magnitude of the period and the growth rate of these oscillations are compatible with the dispersion curves deduced from the theoretical model.Second part of the thesis is devoted to changes in the radiation situation on Earth, the radiation belts and the terrestrial atmosphere during Earth's magnetic field reversal. We calculated the variations in galactic cosmic proton flux during a geomagnetic reversal to infer the radiation doses to which human population and astronauts could be exposed. The radiation background should increase by a factor of about three during the solar minimum period, and the elevated radiation regions should be redistributed and their areas will apparently increase due to the dipole field decrease, such radiation doses are not dangerous for humans and other living creatures. At the same time, for astronauts aboard the ISS orbiting at 400 km above the ground, during a reversal period a 14-fold radiation increase can be dangerous. Undoubtedly, in this case, a correction of the orbits of space vehicles would be required. Classical Störmer theory was generalized to the case of an axisymmetric superposition of dipole and quadrupole fields. [...]
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Spencer, Edmund Augustus. "Analysis of geomagnetic storms and substorms with the WINDMI model." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2604.

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Mays, Mona Leila. "The study of interplanetary shocks, geomagnetic storms, and substorms with the WINDMI model." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/10703.

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WINDMI is a low dimensional plasma physics-based model of the coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere system. The nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations describes the energy balance between the basic nightside components of the system using the solar wind driving voltage as input. Of the eight dynamical variables determined by the model, the region 1 field aligned current and ring current energy is compared to the westward auroral electrojet AL index and equatorial geomagnetic disturbance storm time Dst index. The WINDMI model is used to analyze the magnetosphere-ionosphere system during major geomagnetic storms and substorms which are community campaign events. Numerical experiments using the WINDMI model are also used to assess the question of how much interplanetary shock events contribute to the geoeffectiveness of solar wind drivers. For two major geomagnetic storm intervals, it is found that the magnetic field compressional jump is important to producing the changes in the AL index. Further, the WINDMI model is implemented to compute model AL and Dst predictions every ten minutes using real-time solar wind data from the ACE satellite as input. Real-Time WINDMI has been capturing substorm and storm activity, as characterized by the AL and Dst indices, reliably since February 2006 and is validated by comparison with ground-based measurements of the indices. Model results are compared for three different candidate input solar wind driving voltage formulas. Modeling of the Dst index is further developed to include the additional physical processes of tail current increases and sudden commencement. A new model, based on WINDMI, is developed using the dayside magnetopause and magnetosphere current systems to model the magnetopause boundary motion and the dayside region 1 field aligned current which is comparable to the auroral upper AU index.
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Books on the topic "Geomagnetic substorm"

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Soviet-Finnish Auroral Workshop (1st 1984 Leningrad, R.S.F.S.R.). Proceedings of the first Soviet-Finnish Auroral Workshop, October 1-6, 1984 in Leningrad, USSR. Helsinki: Finnish Academy of Science and Letters, Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, 1986.

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Finnish-American Auroral Workshop (3rd 1985 Sodankylä, Finland). Proceedings of the third Finnish-American Auroral Workshop, October 14-18, 1985 in Sodankylä, Finland. Sodankylä, Finland: Finnish Academy of Science and Letters, Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, 1986.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Magnetospheric substorms and tail dynamics: Final technical report. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1998.

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Soviet-Finnish Auroral Workshop (2nd 1986 Murmansk, R.S.F.S.R.). Proceedings of the Second Soviet-Finnish Auroral Workshop, Murmansk, October 20-25, 1986. Edited by Bösinger T, Tanskanen P. J, and Uspenskiĭ M. V. Helsinki: Commission for Scientific and Technical Co-operation between Finland and the USSR, 1987.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Ion drift meter research: Final report 1 January 1992 - 31 December 1993. Richardson, TX: The University of Texas at Dallas, 1994.

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Moore, T. E. The geopause. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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C, Delcourt D., and George C. Marshall Space Flight Center., eds. The geopause. Huntsville, Ala: NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, 1995.

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Dorman, Lev I. Plasmas and Energetic Processes in the Geomagnetosphere: Plasmas/Magnetic and Current Sheets, Reconnections, Particle Acceleration, and Substorms. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2017.

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Burch, James L., and Vassilis Angelopoulos. THEMIS Mission. Springer New York, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geomagnetic substorm"

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Hanumath Sastri, J., R. Sridharan, and Tarun Kumar Pant. "Equatorial ionosphere-thermosphere system during geomagnetic storms." In Disturbances in Geospace: The Storm-Substorm Relationship, 185–203. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/142gm16.

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Baker, D. N., and X. Li. "Relativistic electron flux enhancements during strong geomagnetic activity." In Disturbances in Geospace: The Storm-Substorm Relationship, 217–30. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/142gm18.

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Vassiliadis, D., A. J. Klimas, J. A. Valdivia, and D. N. Baker. "Substorm Expansion as Seen from the Ground: Models of the Geomagnetic Signature." In Substorms-4, 73–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4798-9_14.

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Baishev, D. G., E. S. Barkova, S. I. Solovyev, and K. Yumoto. "Response of Eastward Electrojet and IPDP Geomagnetic Pulsations to the Substorm Expansion Phase." In Substorms-4, 577–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4798-9_120.

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Kleimenova, N. G., O. V. Kozyreva, M. Bitterly, and J. Bitterly. "Substorm Onset Effect in the Dayside Polar Cusp 1–5 mHz Geomagnetic Pulsations." In Substorms-4, 597–600. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4798-9_125.

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Kamide, Y., J. H. Shue, and M. Brittnacher. "Effects of solar wind density on the auroral electrojets and global auroras during geomagnetic storms." In Disturbances in Geospace: The Storm-Substorm Relationship, 15–22. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/142gm02.

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Grande, M., C. H. Perry, A. Hall, J. Fennell, R. Nakamura, and Y. Kamide. "What is the effect of substorms on the ring current ion population during a geomagnetic storm?" In Disturbances in Geospace: The Storm-Substorm Relationship, 75–89. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/142gm08.

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Lin, N., R. J. Walker, R. L. McPherron, and M. G. Kivelson. "Magnetic islands in the near geomagnetic tail and its implications for the mechanism of 1054 UT CDAW 6 substorm." In Physics of Magnetic Flux Ropes, 647–54. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm058p0647.

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Iyemori, T. "Substorms as a Dissipation Process in Geomagnetic Storms." In Substorms-4, 99–101. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4798-9_20.

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Shirapov, D. Sh, V. M. Mishin, V. D. Urbanovich, and V. V. Mishin. "Some Problems of the Polar Cap and Geomagnetic Tail Dynamics." In Substorms-4, 413–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4798-9_87.

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Conference papers on the topic "Geomagnetic substorm"

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Kleimenova, N. G., J. Manninen, T. Turunen, L. I. Gromova, Yu V. Fedorenko, A. S. Nikitenko, and O. M. Lebed. "Unexpected high-frequency “birds”-type VLF emissions." In Physics of Auroral Phenomena. FRC KSC RAS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2588-0039.2020.43.008.

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The new typeof daytime natural VLF whistler mode emissions of the magnetospheric origin was recently found in the VLF observations at Kannuslehto station (L ~ 5.5) in Northern Finland.These VLF events occurred at the frequencies above 4-5 kHzeven up to 15 kHz. Here we present the different spectra of this peculiar daytime high-frequency VLF emissions observed under quiet geomagnetic conditions at auroral latitudes at Kannuslehto (Finland) and Lovozero (Russia) stations. These high-frequency waves cannot be attributed to typical well known VLF chorus and hiss. They became visible on the spectrograms only after the filtering out sferics originating by the lightning discharges and hiding all natural high-frequency signals. After this filtering, it was found a large collection of different natural VLF signals observed as a sequence of right-polarized short (less than 1-2 minutes) patches at frequencies above 4-5 kHz, i.e. at higher frequencythan a half the equatorial electron gyrofrequency at the L-shell of Kannuslehto and Lovozero. These emissions were called “birds” due to their chirped sounds. It was established that the “birds” are typically occur during the daytime only under quiet space weather conditions. But in this time, small magnetic substorms were could be observed in the night sector of the Earth. Here we also show the recently observed series of the “bird-mode” emissions with various bizarre quasi-periodic dynamic spectra, sometimes consisting of two (and even more) frequency bands. The “birds” occur simultaneously at Kannuslehto and Lovozero with similar spectral structure demonstrating their common source. It seems that the “birds” emissions are generated deep inside the magnetosphere at the low L-shells. But the real nature, the generation region and propagation behavior of these VLF emissions remain still unknown. Moreover, nobody can explain how the waves could reach the ground at the auroral latitudes like Kannuslehto and Lovozero as well as which magnetospheric driver could generate this very complicated spectral feature of the emissions.
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Reports on the topic "Geomagnetic substorm"

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BARKHATOV, NIKOLAY, and SERGEY REVUNOV. A software-computational neural network tool for predicting the electromagnetic state of the polar magnetosphere, taking into account the process that simulates its slow loading by the kinetic energy of the solar wind. SIB-Expertise, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0519.07122021.

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The auroral activity indices AU, AL, AE, introduced into geophysics at the beginning of the space era, although they have certain drawbacks, are still widely used to monitor geomagnetic activity at high latitudes. The AU index reflects the intensity of the eastern electric jet, while the AL index is determined by the intensity of the western electric jet. There are many regression relationships linking the indices of magnetic activity with a wide range of phenomena observed in the Earth's magnetosphere and atmosphere. These relationships determine the importance of monitoring and predicting geomagnetic activity for research in various areas of solar-terrestrial physics. The most dramatic phenomena in the magnetosphere and high-latitude ionosphere occur during periods of magnetospheric substorms, a sensitive indicator of which is the time variation and value of the AL index. Currently, AL index forecasting is carried out by various methods using both dynamic systems and artificial intelligence. Forecasting is based on the close relationship between the state of the magnetosphere and the parameters of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). This application proposes an algorithm for describing the process of substorm formation using an instrument in the form of an Elman-type ANN by reconstructing the AL index using the dynamics of the new integral parameter we introduced. The use of an integral parameter at the input of the ANN makes it possible to simulate the structure and intellectual properties of the biological nervous system, since in this way an additional realization of the memory of the prehistory of the modeled process is provided.
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Kleimenova, Natalia G., A. Odzimek, S. Michnowski, and M. Kubicki. Geomagnetic Storms and Substorms as Space Weather I nfluence on Atmospheric Electric Field Variations. Balkan, Black Sea and Caspian Sea Regional Network on Space Weather Studies, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31401/sungeo.2018.01.14.

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