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Academic literature on the topic 'Geology – Vermont'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Geology – Vermont"

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Doolan, Barry. "The Geology of Vermont." Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 4 (July 1996): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.9924875.

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Clements, Robert, and Douglas Robinson. "Vermont: Visitor Information." Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 4 (July 1996): 213–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.9924873.

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Carlsen, Ken, and Arlene Bentley. "Early Vermont Mining." Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 4 (July 1996): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.9924884.

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King, Vandall T., and Janet W. Cares. "Vermont Mineral Locality Index." Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 5 (September 1996): 324–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.11761552.

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Dixon, O., R. D. Huber, and P. A. Rowston. "Lake Vermont Geophysical Investigations." Exploration Geophysics 19, no. 1-2 (March 1988): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg988045.

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Robinson, Douglas, Robert Clements, and Peter Nielsen. "Collector's Note: The Finest Baryte in Vermont: Skitchewaug Trail Quarry, Springfield, Windsor County, Vermont." Rocks & Minerals 96, no. 3 (April 26, 2021): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.2021.1875750.

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Cook, Robert B. "Connoisseur's Choice:Rutile-Included Quartz: Waterbury, Vermont." Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 4 (July 1996): 248–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.9924880.

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Clements, Robert, and Douglas Robinson. "The Carlton Quarry: Chester, Windsor County, Vermont." Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 4 (July 1996): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.9924877.

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Weber, Marcelle H., and William A. Henderson. "Through the 'Scope: Searching Vermont for Microminerals." Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 4 (July 1996): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.9924883.

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Merriam, D. "Edwin James-Chronicler of Geology in The American West." Earth Sciences History 13, no. 2 (January 1, 1994): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.13.2.gn02226010571537.

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Edwin James (1797-1861) was born in Weybridge, Addison County, Vermont, just 5 months after James Hutton, founder of modern geology, died in Edinburgh, Scotland. Edwin was the youngest of 13 children born to Deacon Daniel James and wife Mary. He studied medicine with his older brother in Albany, New York, after graduating from Middlebury College (Vermont) at the age of 19. While studying medicine, he became interested in geology and was influenced by Amos Eaton of the Rensselaer School. Upon completing his medical studies. James accepted a position in the spring of 1820 as a botanist/geologist with the Maj. Stephan H. Long Expedition. He was the first man to reach the summit of James' Peak, now named Pike's Peak, and made notes on the geology of the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains. In 1823 "An Account of an Expedition from Pittsburgh to the Rocky Mountains Performed in the Years 1819 and '20," written mostly by James, was published in Philadelphia (2 vols.) and London (3 vols.). This major work, from a Wernerian viewpoint, and five other lesser ones were published between 1820 and 1827. They were the sum total of his geological contributions, but included in the "Account" is the first geological map of the trans-Mississippi region. In 1823 he was commissioned an assistant surgeon in the U.S. Army; after leaving the Army in 1833 he later settled near Burlington, Iowa, where he was engaged in agriculture until his death in 1861.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geology – Vermont"

1

Armstrong, Thomas Robert. "Structural and Petrologic Evolution of Acadian Dome Structures in Southern Vermont." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37857.

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Petrologic and thermobarometric studies, coupled with geologic mapping and structural analysis, provide critical evaluation of several different models for Acadian (Late Silurian to Middle Devonian) dome evolution in southern Vermont. Previous models considered diapiric uprise and composite nappe-stage crustal thickening and subsequent diapirism as likely causes of dome formation. Both of these previous models result in symmetrical distribution of P-T values about the dome structures with corresponding coreward increases in temperature, and typically, coreward decrease in associated pressures. Thermobarometric calculations made during this study demonstrate that both P and T increase eastward across the entire region and are not symmetrically distributed about dome axes. The P-T data coupled with petrographically derived relative age relationships and available geochronology also suggest that attainment of peak metamorphic conditions and concurrent dome-stage deformation are diachronous and young from west to east. These relationships are consistent with new geologic mapping and structural analysis which show that all of the domes in southern Vermont are low-amplitude fold interference structures. A current tectonic model indicates that Acadian Barrovian metamorphism in this region was a consequence of west-directed crustal thickening of an eastward dipping tectonic wedge, presumably from the Bronson Hill Terrane; an Ordovician arc sequence. The basal surface of this allochthonous mass projects above the present land surface within this area. Accretion of lower-plate rocks (of this study) into the thrust complex and continued west-directed thrusting of the accreted package over a seismically recognizable east dipping ramp structure provided the necessary geometry and mechanism for dome-stage fabric development, calculated uplift rates (1.2 to 1.7 km/m.y. and west to east younging of Acadian structural and metamorphic evolution. Thermobarometric and geochronologic estimates of metamorphic pressure - temperature (P-T) conditions and metamorphic cooling ages were used to constrain the required thermal and tectonic input parameters for use in one-dimensional thermal modeling of an Acadian (Silurian-Devonian} tectonotherma! regime within the pre-Silurian Taconide zone of southern Vermont. This regime includes: 1) garnet-grade rocks from the eastern flank of an Acadian composite dome structure (Sadawga Dome; the western domain); 2) staurolite/kyanite-grade rocks from the western flank of a second composite structure, the Athens dome (eastern domain). Results from thermal modeling include development of P-T paths, temperature-time (T-t) and pressure-time (P-t) curves, related values of maximum temperature and pressure, pressure conditions at maximum temperature, predicted closure ages for radiogenic phases, and integrated uplift and cooling rates. Thermal modeling results are remarkably similar to independently obtained data for Acadian regional metamorphism in western New England, and provide some important constraints on regional thermal evolution: 1) pressure values contemporaneous with peak temperature on P-T paths may be substantially lower than actual maximum pressure (> 2.5 kbars); 2) differences in peak temperature for rocks initially loaded to similar crustal depths (garnetgrade vs. staurolite-grade), differences in calculated uplift rates, and differences in Ar closure ages, are consequences of variations in durations of isobaric heating events (or "residence periods"), and differences in actual tectonic uplift rates. These modeling results are internally consistent with structural model that suggests west to east younging of specific Acadian deformations and resultant diachroneity of peak metamorphic and Ar closure ages. Regional variations in timing and conditions of metamorphism may be controlled by diachronous deformational events coupled with variations in crustal levels to which rocks were initially loaded during the ca. 400 Ma onset of Acadian orogenesis in western New England.
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2

Engle, Kevin. "A LATE GLACIAL-EARLY HOLOCENE PALEOCLIMATE SIGNAL FROM THE OSTRACODE RECORD OF TWIN PONDS, VERMONT." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1428255554.

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3

Maguire, Henry C. "Application Of Geophysical And Geochronological Methods To Sedimentologic And Stratigraphic Problems In The Lower Cambrian Monkton Formation: Northwestern Vermont." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/938.

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The Monkton Formation of the western shelf stratigraphic sequence in Vermont (VT) is identified as a Lower Cambrian regressive sandstone unit containing parasequences recording tidal flat progradation. Previous workers identified cycles believed to represent parasequences in a portion of a 1034' deep geothermal well drilled at Champlain College in Burlington, Vermont. For this study, both outcrop and well geophysical surveys were completed to better identify gamma emission curves and relative values for parasequences and select lithologies that are indicators of bathymetry and sea level. After using physical stratigraphic techniques to assemble a composite stratigraphic section for the Monkton Formation, analysis of the gamma emission curve and relative gamma values resulted in the identification and characterization of parasequences and select lithologies within the Monkton. Interpretation of bathymetry-sensitive lithologies along with parasequence architecture and thickness trends reveals three distinctive intervals over the thickness of the Monkton. It is recognized that the succession of these intervals represents an overall decreasing rate in accommodation space generation through Monkton deposition. Previous workers have suggested that biostratigraphic relationships of the Monkton Formation to the Potsdam Group in New York (NY) suggest that that they would be at least partially correlative. To further refine age relationships and constrain and compare the provenance of the Vermont stratigraphy locally and regionally, zircon samples were collected from the Monkton and the overlying Danby Formations and radiometric age determinations were completed by laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) at University of Arizona Laserchron Center. Zircon age probability distribution curves show two dominate age peaks between 1.05-1.09 Ga and 1.15-1.18 Ga for the Monkton and Danby suggesting either a continuity of provenance through the Cambrian or the cycling of the Monkton's sand. The 1.05-1.09 Ga age range corresponds to rocks generated during the Ottawan Orogeny while the 1.15-1.18 Ga range is associated with the Shawinigan Orogeny and anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) plutonism. Dominant age peaks in the Vermont samples between 1.15-1.18 Ga are similar to the 1.16 Ga age peak reported by other workers from the Altona and Ausable Formations of the Potsdam Group of New York. The shared dominant age peak and close proximity of the Vermont and New York stratigraphy may suggest a primarily shared provenance.
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4

Aiken, Cheyne. "Geochronologic Constraints On The Timing Of Metamorphism And Exhumation Of The Tillotson Peak Complex In Northern Vermont." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/942.

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The Tillotson Peak Complex (TPC) in northern Vermont records high-pressure (HP) subduction zone metamorphism that occurred during the Ordovician Taconic Orogeny, and subsequent retrograde metamorphism and deformation that occurred during the Silurian Salinic Orogeny. Previous studies have documented a polymetamorphic history, with peak metamorphic pressures possibly up to 2.5 GPa and temperatures of 550°C. Prior to this research, constraints on the timing of metamorphism in the TPC were limited to a single Middle Ordovician 40Ar/39Ar total fusion age for glaucophane. This study integrates 40Ar/39Ar step heating analyses of multiple mineral phases and U-Pb dating of titanite with field and microstructural observations to further constrain the subduction–exhumation history of the TPC. Microstructural and petrologic analyses in thin section on samples of felsic gneiss, pelitic schist, amphibolite, and blueschist suggest deformation during varied P-T conditions. The earliest and highest-pressure metamorphic event documented in the TPC samples is associated with inclusions in garnet and white mica in S1 quartz microlithons. Inclusions of paragonite, titanite, and omphacite in garnets, locally defining S1, suggest that some blueschist may have formed in the retrograde path in association with the S2 foliation. A greenschist-facies metamorphic overprint in most samples is also associated with S2, primarily defined by epidote, white mica, and chlorite. E-W trending F2 intrafolial folds are commonly rootless in outcrop, locally defined by blueschist–eclogite-facies fold noses. Kinematic indicators relative to S2 and L2 stretching lineations give a predominantly top-to-the-E shear sense. S3 crenulation cleavage development is related to folding about E-W trending F3 folds that define the map pattern of the Tillotson Peak Complex. Locally developed S4 crenulations are axial planar to the NW-trending Gilmore Antiform. Additionally, D4 deformation and metamorphism is recorded by microfractures in garnet and epidote, as well as chlorite pseudomorphs after garnet. 40Ar/39Ar step heating of multiple phases and U-Pb dating of titanite yielded ages corresponding with the Taconian to the Salinic orogenies. Ages of ~485–480 Ma are attributed to prograde–peak metamorphism (M1) and S1 development. Ages that span ~471–456 Ma are interpreted to document retrograde M2 metamorphism through greenschist to locally blueschist-facies metamorphic conditions during exhumation and S2 development. Correlation of D3 microstructures in these samples with map-scale folds suggest that E–W trending folds developed in the range of ~455–445 Ma, recorded by minimum apparent ages in the field area, and locally as plateau ages along the margin of the TPC. Younger ages ~435–405 Ma are observed locally in apparent age gradients, and are interpreted to reflect metamorphic overprinting that resulted in the chlorite pseudomorphs after garnet and the growth of actinolite, which may be related to the timing of folding about the Gilmore Antiform. Results presented here suggest the impact of Acadian retrograde metamorphism and deformation on rocks of the TPC may be less significant than previous work suggests.
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Lagor, Samuel William. "The Relationship Between Magmatism and Deformation During the Acadian Orogeny: A Case Study from Eastern-Central Vermont." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/566.

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The Silurian-Devonian metasedimentary rocks of the Connecticut Valley-Gaspé trough (CVGT) were subjected to multiple deformational and metamorphic events during the Acadian orogeny in the Middle-Late Devonian. Plutons intruding the Devonian Waits River and Gile Mountain Formations have been considered post-tectonic, but microstructural studies of the intrusions and their metamorphic aureoles indicate some of these plutons intruded syntectonically. This study investigates the relationship between Acadian deformation and intrusion of the Knox Mountain pluton (KMP) of central Vermont. Structural and geochronological data were collected along a c. 15 km transect from the western limit of the CVGT, where the unconformable Richardson Memorial Contact coincides with the Dog River Fault Zone, into the margin of the KMP in the east. Field and microstructural observations indicate the KMP intruded syntectonically. Evidence for Acadian deformation post-dating intrusion includes folded and boudinaged granitic dikes at the margin of the KMP, and microstructures such as flame perthite, myrmekite, deformation twins, and textures associated with grain-boundary migration recrystallization in the granite. In the metamorphic aureole, biotite porphyroblasts overgrow S3, the earliest Acadian secondary foliation, and were deformed during S4 crenulation cleavage development. The KMP intruded at 377±5.2 Ma based on a U-Th-total Pb monazite crystallization age, which is concordant with the published age of the nearby Barre granite. The timing of S4 foliation development in the CVGT is constrained locally by 40Ar/39Ar geochronology at ~365 Ma, consistent with the microstructurally-inferred relative-age relationships. Plateau/weighted mean 40Ar/39Ar ages from across the transect and minimum ages from argon-loss profiles show a general trend of younging towards the east, suggesting these rocks have been affected by Alleghanian and Mesozoic deformation and exhumation.
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Brink, Ryan A. "Sedimentologic Comparison Of The Late/lower Early Middle Cambrian Altona Formation And The Lower Cambrian Monkton Formation." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/370.

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The Altona Formation represents the oldest Cambrian sedimentary unit in northern New York, recording cyclic deposition in shallow marine and fluvial environments under both fair-weather and storm conditions. Five outcrops and one well log were measured and described at the centimeter scale and the top and bottom contacts of the Altona were identified. Based on the recognition of sedimentary structures such as hummocky cross stratification, oscillatory ripples, graded bedding, trough and tabular cross stratification, and bioturbation, as well as subtle lithologic changes, six lithofacies representing non-marine, middle to upper shoreface, offshore, and carbonate ramp environments were identified. The top contact with the overlying Ausable Formation is characterized by inter-tonguing marine to non-marine siltstones and cross stratified medium sandstones. The lowermost Altona is found to lie only one meter above Precambrian basement and is interpreted to be the only non-marine facies in this unit. Throughout the 84-meter thick section, stratigraphy records a transition from upper/middle shoreface to carbonate ramp deposition and offshore muds before cycling between upper shoreface, carbonate ramp and non-marine deposits. Based on parasequence architecture, this section of rock is interpreted to represent the transition from the transgressive systems tract to the highstand systems tract. Thin sections analysis from each lithofacies quantified grain size and composition and identified a provenance. Modal analysis data from clastic lithofacies reveals subarkose to arkose sandstones with an accessory mineral suite including ilmenite, apatite, rutile, and zircon. Integrating the compositional data, particularly the accessory mineral suite, with detrital zircon dates of 1000 - 1300 Ma (Chiarenzelli et al., 2010) suggests that the Grenville Adirondacks in particular the AMCG suit and Lyon Mountain Granite are a likely source rock. Comparison with the Monkton Formations of Vermont suggest that these two units were deposited under similar sea level conditions and are therefore correlative. Provenance study suggests that they were both sourced form the Adirondack Mountains. The major difference is in their depositional environments as the Monkton represents deposition of predominantly tidally influenced deltaic environment. The environmental processes acting on the two units suggests that the paleogeography of the Iapetus margin in this area was an embayed coastline.
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Merson, Matthew. "The Progressive Evolution of the Champlain Thrust Fault Zone: Insights from a Structural Analysis of its Architecture." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/896.

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Near Burlington, Vermont, the Champlain Thrust fault placed massive Cambrian dolostones over calcareous shales of Ordovician age during the Ordovician Taconic Orogeny. Although the Champlain Thrust has been studied previously throughout the Champlain Valley, the architecture and structural evolution of its fault zone have never been systematically defined. To document these fault zone characteristics, a detailed structural analysis of multiple outcrops was completed along a 51 km transect between South Hero and Ferrisburgh, Vermont. The Champlain Thrust fault zone is predominately within the footwall and preserves at least four distinct events that are heterogeneous is both style and slip direction. The oldest stage of structures—stage 1—are bedding parallel thrust faults that record a slip direction of top-to-the-W and generated localized fault propagation folds of bedding and discontinuous cleavages. This stage defines the protolith zone and has a maximum upper boundary of 205 meters below the Champlain Thrust fault surface. Stage 2 structures define the damage zone and form two sets of subsidiary faults form thrust duplexes that truncate older recumbent folds of bedding planes and early bedding-parallel thrusts. Slickenlines along stage 2 faults record a change in slip direction from top-to-the-W to top-to-the-NW. The damage zone is ~197 meters thick with its upper boundary marking the lower boundary of the fault core. The core, which is ~8 meters thick, is marked by the appearance of mylonite, phyllitic shales, fault gouge, fault breccia, and cataclastic lined faults. In addition, stage 3 sheath folds of bedding and cleavage are preserved as well as tight folds of stage 2 faults. Stage 3 faults include thrusts that record slip as top-to-the-NW and -SW and coeval normal faults that record slip as top-to-the-N and -S. The Champlain Thrust surface is the youngest event as it cuts all previous structures, and records fault reactivation with any top-to-the-W slip direction and a later top-to-the-S slip. Axes of mullions on this surface trend to the SE and do not parallel slickenlines. The Champlain Thrust fault zone evolved asymmetrically across its principal slip surface through the process of strain localization and fault reactivation. Strain localization is characterized by the changes in relative age, motion direction along faults, and style of structures preserved within the fault zone. Reactivation of the Champlain Thrust surface and the corresponding change in slip direction was due to the influence of pre-existing structures at depth. This study defines the architecture of the Champlain Thrust fault zone and documents the importance of comparing the structural architecture of the fault zone core, damage zone, and protolith to determine the comprehensive fault zone evolution.
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8

Tam, Evan. "Geochronological Constraints On The Timing Of Deformation: An Examination Of The Prospect Rock Fault Footwall In North-Central Vermont." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/940.

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The Prospect Rock Fault (PRF) is key to our understanding of the regional tectonic evolution of Vermont during the Taconic, Salinic, and Acadian Orogenies, and may have played an important role in the exhumation of blueschist and eclogite-facies rocks in the Tillotson Peak Complex (TPC) during the Taconic Orogeny. The TPC is in the footwall of the PRF in the eastern limb of the Green Mountain Anticlinorium. In the TPC, the dominant foliation is S2 and E-W trending F2 folds parallel L2 stretching lineations, which trend orthogonal to regional N-S trending folds associated with the Taconic Orogeny. The PRF itself is folded by F2 folds. Presently, there is a lack of consensus about the role of the PRF in the exhumation of the TPC, and studies have not reconciled the formation of the E-W folds and lineations to a regional model. Oriented samples and structural data were collected from the footwall of the PRF over several transects. Samples were processed into orthogonal thin sections for microstructural analyses and for 40Ar/39Ar step heating of white mica. The dominant foliations in the PRF samples were identified through microstructural analysis and correlating the age of deformation as S2 and S3. These were defined in thin section by mica and quartz microlithons, and oriented mica grains. S1, and in some samples S2, are locally preserved in some mica domains and albite/garnet inclusion trails. S4 appears as crenulations of S3, with no significant new mineral crystallization. In the field, L2 and L3 lineations are defined by mineral and quartz rods, and L4 lineations are defined as intersection lineations on S2 surfaces. 40Ar/39Ar analyses yielded plateau ages ranging from 458.6 ± 2.0 Ma to 419.0 ± 2.4 Ma (1σ). The oldest plateau ages are just slightly younger, yet concordant, with published and new 40Ar/39Ar ages from the TPC and come from the structurally highest portions of the footwall in the northern part of the study area. Virtually all apparent age spectra show age gradients. Results from this study suggest the PRF played a role in exhumation of the TPC and ages obtained are closely aligned with deformation ages constrained from 40Ar/39Ar dating in southern Quebec for the Taconic D2 and Salinian D3 deformation. These dates may aid correlatation of ages and structures regionally and further refining of tectonostratigraphic models describing southern Quebec and New England.
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Gavin, Bronwyn Patricia. "The microstructural and metamorphic history preserved within garnet porphyroblasts from southern Vermont and northwestern Massachusetts." Thesis, 2004. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/1377/1/01front.pdf.

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Garnet porphyroblasts from southern Vermont and northwestern Massachusetts typically preserve multiple generations of inclusion trails, reflecting a potentially complex deformation and metamorphic growth history. Textural discontinuities, such as inclusion trail truncations or deflection planes, are commonly preserved within these complex inclusion trails and they are dominantly sub-vertically and sub-horizontally oriented. This observation cannot be adequately explained using the rotational model of spiral inclusion trail formation, leading to the conclusion that the trails were formed by the inclusion of multiple sub-vertical and sub-horizontal foliations during episodic garnet growth without porphyroblast rotation. Foliation inflection/intersection axes preserved within porphyroblasts (FIAs) provide important information about the kinematics of deformation, particularly the direction of bulk shortening at the time they formed. Samples from this study preserve a succession of six FIA sets resulting from a progressive change in the direction of bulk shortening through time. The distribution of these FIA sets across the field area indicates that the deformation was heterogeneously partitioned and occurred at different scales throughout orogenesis. Localization of deformation is an important control on garnet growth and repartitioning during successive deformation events resulted in a heterogeneous spatial distribution of garnet growth through time. The episodic nature of garnet growth is reflected in compositional zoning anomalies in garnet porphyroblasts from the Hoosac Formation. Zones of manganese enrichment, accompanied by calcium depletion, reveal pauses in garnet growth that may have been accompanied by fluid infiltration, garnet dissolution-reprecipitation and metasomatism at crystal or greater scales. The metamorphic history of these samples was further investigated using P-T pseudosections constructed via THERMOCALC. The mineral assemblages predicted are in good agreement with the observed mineralogy of the samples and estimates of P-T conditions at the time of garnet core growth were made using compositional isopleths based on microprobe analyses of garnet core composition. The samples do not show a clear relationship between the P-T data and the FIA data, suggesting that the preservation of different FIAs is not simply a function of P-T conditions. In samples where initial garnet appears to have occurred at temperature and/or pressure conditions higher than the minimum P-T conditions predicted for garnet stability, deformation probably played an essential role in garnet nucleation and growth. These “overstepped” samples indicate a progressive increase in pressure through the different phases of orogenesis. This study reveals that garnet porphyroblasts in southern Vermont and northwestern Massachusetts grew during a complex history of deformation involving the production of multiple sub-horizontal and sub-vertical foliations with garnet growth primarily controlled by deformation partitioning, resulting in a heterogeneous spatial distribution through time. FIAs allow the relative age of different phases of garnet growth to be established and provide a framework for interpreting the relationship between deformation and metamorphism. Compositional zoning anomalies reflect the episodic nature of garnet growth and P-T modelling suggests that deformation took place under conditions of increasing pressure.
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Gavin, Bronwyn Patricia. "The microstructural and metamorphic history preserved within garnet porphyroblasts from southern Vermont and northwestern Massachusetts." 2004. http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/1377/1/01front.pdf.

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Garnet porphyroblasts from southern Vermont and northwestern Massachusetts typically preserve multiple generations of inclusion trails, reflecting a potentially complex deformation and metamorphic growth history. Textural discontinuities, such as inclusion trail truncations or deflection planes, are commonly preserved within these complex inclusion trails and they are dominantly sub-vertically and sub-horizontally oriented. This observation cannot be adequately explained using the rotational model of spiral inclusion trail formation, leading to the conclusion that the trails were formed by the inclusion of multiple sub-vertical and sub-horizontal foliations during episodic garnet growth without porphyroblast rotation. Foliation inflection/intersection axes preserved within porphyroblasts (FIAs) provide important information about the kinematics of deformation, particularly the direction of bulk shortening at the time they formed. Samples from this study preserve a succession of six FIA sets resulting from a progressive change in the direction of bulk shortening through time. The distribution of these FIA sets across the field area indicates that the deformation was heterogeneously partitioned and occurred at different scales throughout orogenesis. Localization of deformation is an important control on garnet growth and repartitioning during successive deformation events resulted in a heterogeneous spatial distribution of garnet growth through time. The episodic nature of garnet growth is reflected in compositional zoning anomalies in garnet porphyroblasts from the Hoosac Formation. Zones of manganese enrichment, accompanied by calcium depletion, reveal pauses in garnet growth that may have been accompanied by fluid infiltration, garnet dissolution-reprecipitation and metasomatism at crystal or greater scales. The metamorphic history of these samples was further investigated using P-T pseudosections constructed via THERMOCALC. The mineral assemblages predicted are in good agreement with the observed mineralogy of the samples and estimates of P-T conditions at the time of garnet core growth were made using compositional isopleths based on microprobe analyses of garnet core composition. The samples do not show a clear relationship between the P-T data and the FIA data, suggesting that the preservation of different FIAs is not simply a function of P-T conditions. In samples where initial garnet appears to have occurred at temperature and/or pressure conditions higher than the minimum P-T conditions predicted for garnet stability, deformation probably played an essential role in garnet nucleation and growth. These “overstepped” samples indicate a progressive increase in pressure through the different phases of orogenesis. This study reveals that garnet porphyroblasts in southern Vermont and northwestern Massachusetts grew during a complex history of deformation involving the production of multiple sub-horizontal and sub-vertical foliations with garnet growth primarily controlled by deformation partitioning, resulting in a heterogeneous spatial distribution through time. FIAs allow the relative age of different phases of garnet growth to be established and provide a framework for interpreting the relationship between deformation and metamorphism. Compositional zoning anomalies reflect the episodic nature of garnet growth and P-T modelling suggests that deformation took place under conditions of increasing pressure.
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Books on the topic "Geology – Vermont"

1

Ratté, Charles A. A bibliography of Vermont geology. 2nd ed. Waterbury, VT: Vermont Geological Survey, Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, 1985.

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2

New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference. Guidebook for field trips in Vermont: Volume 2 : October 16,17 and 18, Montpelier, Vermont. Edited by Westerman David S and New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference. Meeting. Montpelier, Vt: N.E.I.G.C., 1987.

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Roadside geology of Vermont and New Hampshire. Missoula: Mountain Press Pub. Co., 1987.

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Strehle, Barbara A. A comparison of fault zone fabrics in northwestern Vermont. [Burlington]: Vermont Geological Survey, 1986.

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5

Meeting, New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference. Guidebook for field trips in Vermont volume 2. Northfield, Vt: Norwich University, 1987.

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6

Marcou, Jules. The Taconic and Lower Silurian rocks of Vermont and Canada. [Boston?: s.n.], 1985.

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Marcou, Jules. The Taconic and Lower Silurian rocks of Vermont and Canada. [Boston?: s.n.], 1985.

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8

Walsh, Gregory J. Bedrock geology of the Fayston--Buels Gore area, central Vermont. [Waterbury, VT]: Vermont Geological Survey, 1992.

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Hitchcock, Charles H. Description of geological sections crossing New Hampshire and Vermont. [Concord, N.H.?: s.n.], 1987.

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Lapp, Eric T. Bedrock geology of the Mt. Grant - South Lincoln area central Vermont. [Montpelier]: Vermont Agency of Environment Conservation, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geology – Vermont"

1

Lyons, John B. "Day 5—Geology of central New Hampshire." In A Transect Through the New England Appalachians: Burlington, Vermont to Durham, New Hampshire July 2–8, 1989, 54–58. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ft162p0054.

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Bothner, Wallace A. "Day 6—Geology of southeastern and coastal New Hampshire." In A Transect Through the New England Appalachians: Burlington, Vermont to Durham, New Hampshire July 2–8, 1989, 59–64. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ft162p0059.

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Conference papers on the topic "Geology – Vermont"

1

Smerekanicz, Jay R. "APPLIED ENGINEERING GEOLOGY CASE HISTORIES FROM VERMONT: FIELD GEOLOGY'S VITAL ROLE IN SOLVING GEOTECHNICAL PROBLEMS." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-310640.

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Waring, Allison L., and Stephen F. Wright. "SURFICIAL GEOLOGY OF THE JOINER BROOK AND WINOOSKI RIVER VALLEYS, BOLTON, VERMONT." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-310790.

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Drebber, Jason, Abigail M. Baker, Evan S. Choquette, Cate J. Hogan, Caitlin O. Farkas, Remy Farrell, Ryan J. Mistur, Will W. Vanderlan, and Stephen F. Wright. "MAPPING SURFICIAL GEOLOGY AND INTERPRETING THE GLACIAL HISTORY OF THE BROOKFIELD QUADRANGLE IN NORTH-CENTRAL VERMONT." In Northeastern Section - 57th Annual Meeting - 2022. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022ne-375311.

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Farkas, Caitlin O., Remy Farrell, Ryan J. Mistur, Will W. Vanderlan, Jason Drebber, Evan S. Choquette, Cate J. Hogan, and Stephen F. Wright. "MAPPING SURFICIAL GEOLOGY AND INTERPRETING THE GLACIAL HISTORY OF THE NORTHERN HUNTINGTON RIVER VALLEY, WESTERN GREEN MOUNTAINS, VERMONT." In Northeastern Section - 57th Annual Meeting - 2022. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022ne-375401.

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Larson, Sophia K., Angelica Quintana, James H. Kellogg, Heather Pembrook, Marjorie Gale, and Scott Wixscom. "STYLIZED FACTS RELATING WATERBODY ACIDIFICATION TO HYDROLOGY, BEDROCK AND SURFICIAL GEOLOGY, SOIL AND ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS IN THE LYE BROOK WILDERNESS, VERMONT." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-307923.

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Quesnell, Timothy J., Frank Piasecki, Frank Piasecki, Samuel A. Knapp, Samuel A. Knapp, Ryan M. Van Horn, Ryan M. Van Horn, Stephen F. Wright, and Stephen F. Wright. "SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC MAP AND CROSS-SECTIONS OF RICHMOND, VERMONT." In 54th Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019ne-328596.

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Gale, Marjorie H., Jonathan J. Kim, George E. Springston, and Colin Dowey. "GEOLOGIC MAPPING, HAZARDS AND WATER: VERMONT GEOLOGICAL SURVEY'S IMPACT ON PUBLIC ISSUES." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-310619.

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Czyzyk, Katelyn A., Amanda M. Rossi, Justin P. Sarkis, and Stephen F. Wright. "SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC MATERIALS AND INTERPRETATIONS IN THE LITTLE RIVER VALLEY, NORTHERN VERMONT." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-311294.

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Wright, Stephen F., William K. Vincett, Garrett D. Hazebrouck, Mitchell A. Miers, and Stephen Maglio. "SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC MAP OF WEATHERSFIELD, VERMONT: GLACIAL HISTORY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR GROUNDWATER RESOURCES." In Joint 52nd Northeastern Annual Section and 51st North-Central Annual GSA Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017ne-291541.

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Orndorff, Randall, and Mercer Parker. "CAMBRIAN-ORDOVICIAN STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SOUTHERN CHAMPLAIN VALLEY, NEW YORK AND VERMONT: RECONCILING GEOLOGIC MAPPING OF FORMATIONS." In Northeastern Section - 57th Annual Meeting - 2022. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022ne-373885.

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Reports on the topic "Geology – Vermont"

1

A study of rock stresses and engineering geology in quarries of the Barre Granite of Vermont. US Geological Survey, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b1593.

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Geology, geochemistry, and mineral resource assessment of the Big Branch and Peru Peak wildernesses and the Wilder Mountain Roadless Area, Rutland and Bennington counties, Vermont. US Geological Survey, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b1955.

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Bedrock geologic map of the Chester Quadrangle, Windsor County, Vermont. US Geological Survey, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/i2598.

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Bedrock geologic map of the Cavendish quadrangle, Windsor County, Vermont. US Geological Survey, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/gq1773.

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Geologic map of the Belvidere Mountain area, Eden and Lowell, Vermont. US Geological Survey, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/i1560.

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Geologic and geochemical survey of the Bristol Cliffs Wilderness, Addison County, Vermont. US Geological Survey, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/mf1593a.

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Bedrock geologic map of the Sunderland Quadrangle, Bennington and Windham counties, Vermont. US Geological Survey, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/mf2224.

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Bedrock geologic map of the Woodford quadrangle, Bennington and Windham Counties, Vermont. US Geological Survey, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/gq1687.

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Bedrock geologic map of the Rochester Quadrangle, Rutland, Windsor, and Addison counties, Vermont. US Geological Survey, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/i2626.

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Bedrock geologic map of the West Dover and Jacksonville quadrangles, Windham County, Vermont. US Geological Survey, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/i2552.

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