Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geology – Nevada – Ruby Mountains

Academic literature on the topic 'Geology – Nevada – Ruby Mountains'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Geology – Nevada – Ruby Mountains"

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Zuza, Andrew V., Charles H. Thorman, Christopher D. Henry, Drew A. Levy, Seth Dee, Sean P. Long, Charles A. Sandberg, and Emmanuel Soignard. "Pulsed Mesozoic Deformation in the Cordilleran Hinterland and Evolution of the Nevadaplano: Insights from the Pequop Mountains, NE Nevada." Lithosphere 2020, no. 1 (August 25, 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/2020/8850336.

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Abstract Mesozoic crustal shortening in the North American Cordillera’s hinterland was related to the construction of the Nevadaplano orogenic plateau. Petrologic and geochemical proxies in Cordilleran core complexes suggest substantial Late Cretaceous crustal thickening during plateau construction. In eastern Nevada, geobarometry from the Snake Range and Ruby Mountains-East Humboldt Range-Wood Hills-Pequop Mountains (REWP) core complexes suggests that the ~10–12 km thick Neoproterozoic-Triassic passive-margin sequence was buried to great depths (>30 km) during Mesozoic shortening and was later exhumed to the surface via high-magnitude Cenozoic extension. Deep regional burial is commonly reconciled with structural models involving cryptic thrust sheets, such as the hypothesized Windermere thrust in the REWP. We test the viability of deep thrust burial by examining the least-deformed part of the REWP in the Pequop Mountains. Observations include a compilation of new and published peak temperature estimates (n=60) spanning the Neoproterozoic-Triassic strata, documentation of critical field relationships that constrain deformation style and timing, and new 40Ar/39Ar ages. This evidence refutes models of deep regional thrust burial, including (1) recognition that most contractional structures in the Pequop Mountains formed in the Jurassic, not Cretaceous, and (2) peak temperature constraints and field relationships are inconsistent with deep burial. Jurassic deformation recorded here correlates with coeval structures spanning western Nevada to central Utah, which highlights that Middle-Late Jurassic shortening was significant in the Cordilleran hinterland. These observations challenge commonly held views for the Mesozoic-early Cenozoic evolution of the REWP and Cordilleran hinterland, including the timing of contractional strain, temporal evolution of plateau growth, and initial conditions for high-magnitude Cenozoic extension. The long-standing differences between peak-pressure estimates and field relationships in Nevadan core complexes may reflect tectonic overpressure.
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HUDEC, MICHAEL R. "Mesozoic structural and metamorphic history of the central Ruby Mountains metamorphic core complex, Nevada." Geological Society of America Bulletin 104, no. 9 (September 1992): 1086–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<1086:msamho>2.3.co;2.

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Litherland, Mairi M., and Simon L. Klemperer. "Crustal structure of the Ruby Mountains metamorphic core complex, Nevada, from passive seismic imaging." Geosphere 13, no. 5 (August 25, 2017): 1506–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges01472.1.

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Wannamaker, Philip E., and William M. Doerner. "Crustal structure of the Ruby Mountains and southern Carlin Trend region, Nevada, from magnetotelluric data." Ore Geology Reviews 21, no. 3-4 (December 2002): 185–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-1368(02)00089-6.

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Zuza, Andrew V., Christopher D. Henry, Seth Dee, Charles H. Thorman, and Matthew T. Heizler. "Jurassic–Cenozoic tectonics of the Pequop Mountains, NE Nevada, in the North American Cordillera hinterland." Geosphere 17, no. 6 (October 27, 2021): 2078–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02307.1.

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Abstract The Ruby Mountains–East Humboldt Range–Wood Hills–Pequop Mountains (REWP) metamorphic core complex, northeast Nevada, exposes a record of Mesozoic contraction and Cenozoic extension in the hinterland of the North American Cordillera. The timing, magnitude, and style of crustal thickening and succeeding crustal thinning have long been debated. The Pequop Mountains, comprising Neoproterozoic through Triassic strata, are the least deformed part of this composite metamorphic core complex, compared to the migmatitic and mylonitized ranges to the west, and provide the clearest field relationships for the Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic evolution. New field, structural, geochronologic, and thermochronological observations based on 1:24,000-scale geologic mapping of the northern Pequop Mountains provide insights into the multi-stage tectonic history of the REWP. Polyphase cooling and reheating of the middle-upper crust was tracked over the range of &lt;100 °C to 450 °C via novel 40Ar/39Ar multi-diffusion domain modeling of muscovite and K-feldspar and apatite fission-track dating. Important new observations and interpretations include: (1) crosscutting field relationships show that most of the contractional deformation in this region occurred just prior to, or during, the Middle-Late Jurassic Elko orogeny (ca. 170–157 Ma), with negligible Cretaceous shortening; (2) temperature-depth data rule out deep burial of Paleozoic stratigraphy, thus refuting models that incorporate large cryptic overthrust sheets; (3) Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Eocene intrusions and associated thermal pulses metamorphosed the lower Paleozoic–Proterozoic rocks, and various thermochronometers record conductive cooling near original stratigraphic depths; (4) east-draining paleovalleys with ∼1–1.5 km relief incised the region before ca. 41 Ma and were filled by 41–39.5 Ma volcanic rocks; and (5) low-angle normal faulting initiated after the Eocene, possibly as early as the late Oligocene, although basin-generating extension from high-angle normal faulting began in the middle Miocene. Observed Jurassic shortening is coeval with structures in the Luning-Fencemaker thrust belt to the west, and other strain documented across central-east Nevada and Utah, suggesting ∼100 km Middle-Late Jurassic shortening across the Sierra Nevada retroarc. This phase of deformation correlates with terrane accretion in the Sierran forearc, increased North American–Farallon convergence rates, and enhanced Jurassic Sierran arc magmatism. Although spatially variable, the Cordilleran hinterland and the high plateau that developed across it (i.e., the hypothesized Nevadaplano) involved a dynamic pulsed evolution with significant phases of both Middle-Late Jurassic and Late Cretaceous contractional deformation. Collapse long postdated all of this contraction. This complex geologic history set the stage for the Carlin-type gold deposit at Long Canyon, located along the eastern flank of the Pequop Mountains, and may provide important clues for future exploration.
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Cooper, Frances J., John P. Platt, and Whitney M. Behr. "Rheological transitions in the middle crust: insights from Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes." Solid Earth 8, no. 1 (February 21, 2017): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-8-199-2017.

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Abstract. High-strain mylonitic rocks in Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes reflect ductile deformation in the middle crust, but in many examples it is unclear how these mylonites relate to the brittle detachments that overlie them. Field observations, microstructural analyses, and thermobarometric data from the footwalls of three metamorphic core complexes in the Basin and Range Province, USA (the Whipple Mountains, California; the northern Snake Range, Nevada; and Ruby Mountains–East Humboldt Range, Nevada), suggest the presence of two distinct rheological transitions in the middle crust: (1) the brittle–ductile transition (BDT), which depends on thermal gradient and tectonic regime, and marks the switch from discrete brittle faulting and cataclasis to continuous, but still localized, ductile shear, and (2) the localized–distributed transition, or LDT, a deeper, dominantly temperature-dependent transition, which marks the switch from localized ductile shear to distributed ductile flow. In this model, brittle normal faults in the upper crust persist as ductile shear zones below the BDT in the middle crust, and sole into the subhorizontal LDT at greater depths.In metamorphic core complexes, the presence of these two distinct rheological transitions results in the development of two zones of ductile deformation: a relatively narrow zone of high-stress mylonite that is spatially and genetically related to the brittle detachment, underlain by a broader zone of high-strain, relatively low-stress rock that formed in the middle crust below the LDT, and in some cases before the detachment was initiated. The two zones show distinct microstructural assemblages, reflecting different conditions of temperature and stress during deformation, and contain superposed sequences of microstructures reflecting progressive exhumation, cooling, and strain localization. The LDT is not always exhumed, or it may be obscured by later deformation, but in the Whipple Mountains, it can be directly observed where high-strain mylonites captured from the middle crust depart from the brittle detachment along a mylonitic front.
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Long, Sean P., and Matthew J. Kohn. "Distributed ductile thinning during thrust emplacement: A commonly overlooked exhumation mechanism." Geology 48, no. 4 (January 31, 2020): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47022.1.

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Abstract Quantifying the processes that control exhumation is essential for understanding the evolution of mountain belts. In the Cordilleran orogen in Nevada (western United States), rocks exhumed in the Ruby–East Humboldt metamorphic core complex underwent 4 ± 2 kbar of decompression between 85 and 60 Ma, which has been interpreted as a consequence of synorogenic extension. However, evidence for significant normal faulting in this region prior to 45 Ma is lacking. Here, we present an alternative interpretation: that this decompression can be attributed to distributed ductile thinning (DDT) of mid-crustal metamorphic rocks above the basal Cordilleran décollement during eastward translation. Such a process has been documented within the Himalayan Main Central thrust sheet, which locally accommodated up to 15 km of DDT during Miocene translation. Other examples of DDT have been documented in the Alpine and Caledonian orogens (Europe), and the Sanbagawa belt (Japan). DDT may represent a widespread exhumation process that can account for a significant portion of the decompression path of deeply exhumed rocks. As a condition of strain compatibility, thrust-parallel stretching accompanying DDT is expected to enhance displacement magnitude in the transport direction, and is therefore an important component of the deformation field that must be considered for accurate assessment of mass balance in thrust systems.
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Canada, Andrew S., Elizabeth J. Cassel, Daniel F. Stockli, M. Elliot Smith, Brian R. Jicha, and Brad S. Singer. "Accelerating exhumation in the Eocene North American Cordilleran hinterland: Implications from detrital zircon (U-Th)/(He-Pb) double dating." GSA Bulletin 132, no. 1-2 (May 16, 2019): 198–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35160.1.

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AbstractBasins in orogenic hinterlands are directly coupled to crustal thickening and extension through landscape processes and preserve records of deformation that are unavailable in footwall rocks. Following prolonged late Mesozoic–early Cenozoic crustal thickening and plateau construction, the hinterland of the Sevier orogen of western North America underwent late Cenozoic extension and formation of metamorphic core complexes. While the North American Cordillera is one of Earth’s best-studied orogens, estimates for the spatial and temporal patterns of initial extensional faulting differ greatly and thus limit understanding of potential drivers for deformation. We employed (U-Th)/(He-Pb) double dating of detrital zircon and (U-Th)/He thermochronology of detrital apatite from precisely dated Paleogene terrestrial strata to quantify the timing and magnitude of exhumation and explore the linkages between tectonic unroofing and basin evolution in northeastern Nevada. We determined sediment provenance and lag time evolution (i.e., the time between cooling and deposition, which is a measure of upper-crustal exhumation) during an 8 m.y. time span of deposition within the Eocene Elko Basin. Fluvial strata deposited between 49 and 45 Ma yielded Precambrian (U-Th)/He zircon cooling ages (ZHe) with 105–740 m.y. lag times dominated by unreset detrital ages, suggesting limited exhumation and Proterozoic through early Eocene sediment burial (&lt;4–6 km) across the region. Minimum nonvolcanic detrital ZHe lag times decreased to &lt;100 m.y. in 45–43 Ma strata and to &lt;10 m.y. in 43–41 Ma strata, illustrating progressive and rapid hinterland unroofing in Eocene time. Detrital apatite (U-Th)/He ages present in ca. 44 and 39 Ma strata record Eocene cooling ages with 1–20 m.y. lag times. These data reflect acceleration of basement exhumation rates by &gt;1 km/m.y., indicative of rapid, large-magnitude extensional faulting and metamorphic core complex formation. Contemporaneous with this acceleration of hinterland exhumation, syntectonic freshwater lakes developed in the hanging wall of the Ruby Mountains–East Humboldt Range metamorphic core complex at ca. 43 Ma. Volcanism driven by Farallon slab removal migrated southward across northeastern Nevada, resulting in voluminous rhyolitic eruptions at 41.5 and 40.1 Ma, and marking the abrupt end of fluvial and lacustrine deposition across much of the Elko Basin. Thermal and rheologic weakening of the lithosphere and/or partial slab removal likely initiated extensional deformation, rapidly unroofing deeper crustal levels. We attribute the observed acceleration in exhumation, expansion of sedimentary basins, and migrating volcanism across the middle Eocene to record the thermal and isostatic effects of Farallon slab rollback and subsequent removal of the lowermost mantle lithosphere.
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Camilleri, Phyllis, Jack Deibert, and Michael Perkins. "Middle Miocene to Holocene tectonics, basin evolution, and paleogeography along the southern margin of the Snake River Plain in the Knoll Mountain–Ruby–East Humboldt Range region, northeastern Nevada and south-central Idaho." Geosphere 13, no. 6 (September 25, 2017): 1901–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges01318.1.

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Rickart, Eric A., Rebecca J. Rowe, Shannen L. Robson, Lois F. Alexander, and Duke S. Rogers. "Shrews of the Ruby Mountains, Northeastern Nevada." Southwestern Naturalist 56, no. 1 (March 2011): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1894/rts-08.1.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geology – Nevada – Ruby Mountains"

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Maher, Kevin A. Saleeby Jason B. Saleeby Jason B. "Geology of the Jackson Mountains, northwest Nevada /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1989. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06282007-082748.

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Barron, Andrew D. "Paleoseismology of the Osgood Mountains, Northern Basin and Range, Nevada." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1442859.

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Fair, Charles Lawrence. "Structure of the Roberts Mountains allochthon in the Three Bar Ranch Quadrangle, Roberts Mountains, Eureka County, Nevada." California State University, Long Beach, 2013.

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Schuster, Erin B. "Whiterockian (middle Ordovician) graptolites of the Lower Member of the Vinini Formation, Roberts Mountains, Eureka County, Nevada." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585649.

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The Ordovician strata of the Lower Member of the Vinini Formation comprise a sequence of greenstone, sandstone, shale, and siltstone representing the prograding and retrograding of submarine fans along the continental margin. Although graptolites are normally preserved within shale beds in the Lower Member of the Vinini Formation, the greatest abundance of well preserved graptolites is found within the sandstone turbidite beds. These graptolites are uniquely preserved in full relief as opposed to being flattened on shale. It is interpreted based on fragmentation and species composition within the sandstone that the graptolites flourished in an upwelling zone on the continental margin and that as their remains accumulated on the underlying seafloor, were swept downslope in turbidity currents.

Graptolites were collected from 10 beds within the stratigraphic section and represent 33 taxa from 17 genera. There are no new taxa. All taxa are described, illustrated, and compared to other collections.

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Dastrup, Dylan Binder. "Variations in Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Aeolian Dust Deposition to Mountains in Utah and Nevada, USA." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6539.

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Major and trace metal loading to mountains in the western US depends on dust sources, intensity of storms and their availability for transport during snowmelt and runoff. Previous work has been conducted on dust production, composition, and its affect on solar radiation and timing of snow melt. This study was conducted to 1) examine temporal and spatial variability in dust chemistry; 2) evaluate form and availability of major and trace elements in dust; and 3) identify potential dust sources affecting mountains in Utah and Nevada. Spring and summertime dust was collected across northern Utah over the course of three years (2013-2015). Additional dust samples were collected from eastern Nevada for comparison. All samples were analyzed for mineralogy. The spring dust samples were also leached with 1 M acetic acid, 0.8 M nitric acid, and aqua regia and analyzed for 87Sr/86Sr ratios and concentrations of 40+ trace and major elements. Nearly all dust samples were enriched in playa-associated elements (U, Mg, Li, Ca, Sr, As) and anthropogenic elements (Sb, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Se, Cd) relative to average upper continental crust. Leachate results showed that nearly 60% Ca, Sr, and Cd mass is potentially available for transport during snowmelt and that the rare earth elements could be mobilized under lower pH conditions in the soil zone. A major dust event on 17 March 2014 that was sampled across the study area showed spatially variable trace element concentrations and 87Sr/86Sr ratios, indicating that dust deposited to mountain snowpack originated from multiple upwind desert dust source areas. The NOAA HYSPLIT model was used to calculate back trajectories for this dust event and showed potential dust sources ranged from the Sevier, West and Great Salt Lake deserts in Utah and the Snake River Plain in Idaho. In contrast, multivariate statistical analysis showed that over the course of the study samples had unique geochemical signatures within each sample area. These findings suggest that spatial variability is more important than temporal variability in terms of the chemistry of dust deposition. With increasing populations and land use change in the western US, the short and long term effects of aeolian dust deposition to mountain environments need to continual monitored and constrained.
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Klug, Christopher Allen. "Lower Permian through Lower Trassic [sic] paleontology, stratigraphy, and chemostratigraphy of the Bilk Creek Mountains of Humboldt County, Nevada." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1184878826.

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Satarugsa, Peangta 1960. "Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Ruby Mountains metamorphic core complex and adjacent basins: Results from normal-incidence and wide-angle multicomponent seismic data." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282541.

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Seismic studies in the area of the Ruby Mountains metamorphic core complex and adjacent basins of northeast Nevada provide new evidence for Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Ruby Mountains. Results from interpretation of industry seismic data show that (1) asymmetric basins flanking the Ruby Mountains were created by normal faults beginning in the late Eocene-early Oligocene; (2) the metamorphic core complex detachment fault system was cut by the normal fault system; and (3) total subsidences of Huntington and Lamoille basins, and Ruby basins are ∼4.5 and ∼5.0 km. Analysis of crustal-scale 3-component normal-incidence to wide-angle seismic data shows that (1) the crust along the eastern flank of the Ruby Mountains can be divided into three layers corresponding to the upper, middle and lower crust; (2) upper crustal rocks likely consist of metaquartzite, schist, granite gneiss, and granite-granodiorite with P-wave velocities (Vp) of 5.80-6.25 km/s, S-wave velocities (Vs) of 3.20-3.72 km/s, Poisson's ratios (sigma) of 0.22-0.25, and anisotropy of 0.6-2.5%; (3) possible middle crustal rocks are paragranulite, felsic granulite, felsic amphibolite gneiss, granite-granodiorite, and mica-quartz schist with Vp of 6.35-6.45 km/s, Vs of 3.70-3.75 km/s, and σ of 0.24; (4) lower crustal rocks most likely consist of granulite- rather than amphibolite-facies rocks with Vp of 6.60-6.80 km/s, Vs of 3.85-3.92 km/s, σ of 0.24-0.25, and anisotropy of less than 3%; (4) depth to the Moho varies irregularly between 30.5 and 33.5. Interpretation of these results suggests that (1) Cenozoic extension of the Ruby Mountains and adjacent basins began by late Eocene-early Oligocene; (2) depth to Moho does not reflect local surface relief on the eastern flank of the Ruby Mountains and adjacent basin; (3) fluid-filled fractures and mafic large-scale underplating are unlikely in the lower crust; (4) the present seismic velocities of highly extended core complex crust and normally extended Basin and Range crust are similar; and (5) orientations of fast shear waves near the surface and in the upper crust are parallel to sub-parallel to the regional maximum horizontal compressive stress in the Nevada part of the Basin and Range province.
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Schnell, Andrew J. "Petrology of Hydrothermal Zebra Dolomite at the Cove Mine, McCoy Mining District: Northern Fish Creek Mountains, Lander County, Nevada." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1399035893.

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Nelson, Jennifer. "Geology, Geochemistry, and Geochronology of the Nathrop Volcanics: A Comprehensive Look at the History and Formation of Ruby and Sugarloaf Mountains." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1626900507074039.

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Ferry, Nicholas. "Role of a Rigid Bedrock Substrate on Emplacement of the Blue Diamond Landslide, Basin and Range Province, Eastern Spring Mountains, Southern Nevada." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1595848435400303.

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Books on the topic "Geology – Nevada – Ruby Mountains"

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Castor, Stephen B. Borates in the Muddy Mountains, Clark County, Nevada. Reno, Nev: Mackay School of Mines, University of Nevada, Reno, 1993.

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C, White Michael. 50 classic hikes in Nevada: From the Ruby Mountains to Red Rock Canyon. Reno: University of Nevada Press, 2006.

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Bray, E. A. Du. Stratigraphic identification of middle Tertiary ash-flow tuffs using trace-element abundances, Worthington Mountains, Nevada. [Denver, CO]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Conrad, James E. Mineral resources of the La Madre Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Clark County, Nevada. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Bray, E. A. Du. Stratigraphic identification of middle Tertiary ash-flow tuffs using trace-element abundances, Worthington Mountains, Nevada. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Bray, E. A. Du. Mineral resources, geology, and geophysics of the Worthington Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Lincoln County, Nevada. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Ehman, Kenneth D. Upper Proterozoic-middle Cambrian miogeoclinal stratigraphy of the Bull Run Mountains, northern Nevada: Implications for the early evolution of the Cordilleran rifted margin. Reno, Nev: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno, 1990.

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Stewart, John Harris. Stratigraphy, tephrochronology, and structure of part of the Miocene Truckee Formation in the Trinity Range-Hot Springs Mountains area, Churchill County, west-central Nevada. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999.

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Anderson, R. Ernest. Heterogeneous neogene strain and its bearing on horizontal extension and horizontal and vertical contraction at the margin of the extensional orogen, Mormon Mountains area, Nevada and Utah. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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S, Harwood David, Miller M. Meghan 1957-, Geological Society of America. Cordilleran Section., and Geological Society of America. Rocky Mountain Section., eds. Paleozoic and early Mesozoic paleogeographic relations: Sierra Nevada, Klamath Mountains, and related terranes. Boulder, Colo: Geological Society of America, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geology – Nevada – Ruby Mountains"

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Kistler, R. W., E. D. Ghent, and J. R. O'neil. "Petrogenesis of Garnet Two-Mica Granites in the Ruby Mountains, Nevada." In 1989, Granites and Rhyolites, 10591–606. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118782057.ch27.

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Snoke, A. W., A. J. McGrew, P. A. Valasek, and S. B. Smithson. "A Crustal Cross-Section for a Terrain of Superimposed Shortening and Extension: Ruby Mountains-East Humboldt Range Metamorphic Core Complex, Nevada." In Exposed Cross-Sections of the Continental Crust, 103–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0675-4_5.

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"13. The Mountains Tremble." In Geology of the Sierra Nevada, 363–92. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520936942-016.

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Sarna-Wojcicki, Andrei M., Raymond Sullivan, Alan Deino, Laura C. Walkup, J. Ross Wagner, and Elmira Wan. "Late Cenozoic tephrochronology of the Mount Diablo area within the evolving plate-tectonic boundary zone of northern California." In Regional Geology of Mount Diablo, California: Its Tectonic Evolution on the North America Plate Boundary. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.1217(16).

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ABSTRACT We present a tephrochronologic/chronostratigraphic database for the Mount Diablo area and greater San Francisco Bay region that provides a spatial and temporal framework for geologic studies in the region, including stratigraphy, paleogeography, tectonics, quantification of earth surface processes, recurrence of natural hazards, and climate change. We identified and correlated 34 tephra layers within this region using the chemical composition of their volcanic glasses, stratigraphic sequence, and isotopic and other dating techniques. Tephra layers range in age from ca. 65 ka to ca. 29 Ma, as determined by direct radiometric techniques or by correlation to sites where they have been dated. The tephra layers are of Quaternary or Neogene age except for two that are of Oligocene age. We correlated the tephra layers among numerous sites throughout northern California. Source areas of the tephra layers are the Snake River–Yellowstone hotspot trend of northern Nevada, southern Idaho, and western Wyoming; the Nevadaplano caldera complex of central Nevada; the Jemez Mountains–Valles Caldera in northwestern New Mexico; the Southern Nevada volcanic field and related source areas in eastern California and west-central Nevada; the Quien Sabe–Sonoma volcanic centers of the California Coast Ranges; and the young Cascade Range volcanic centers of northeastern California and Oregon.
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Fleming*, Zachariah, Terry Pavlis*, and Ghislain Trullenque*. "Unraveling the multi-phase history of southern Death Valley geology." In Field Excursions from Las Vegas, Nevada: Guides to the 2022 GSA Cordilleran and Rocky Mountain Joint Section Meeting, 67–83. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.0063(04).

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ABSTRACT This field trip is designed to highlight recent findings in regard to the tectonic history of the southern Death Valley region. During the first day, stops will take place in the Ibex Hills and adjacent Ibex Pass area. These stops were chosen to emphasize recent work that supports multiple phases of extension in the region, and is recorded by the interactions of complexly overprinted normal faults. Mapping of the Ibex Hills revealed an older set of normal faults that have a down-to-the-SW sense of movement and are cross-cut by down-to-the-NW style normal faults. Additionally, the Ibex Pass basin poses a number of questions regarding its stratigraphy and how it relates to the timing and kinematics of the region. Multiple stops within the basin will show the variation of volcanic and sedimentary units across Ibex Pass. The second day of the field trip is focused more so on the more recent transtensional and strike-slip history of southern Death Valley. In particular, recent mapping has correlated features in the Avawatz and Owlshead Mountains that indicate ~40k m of offset along the Southern Death Valley Fault Zone (SDVFZ). Stops will take place along traces of the SDVFZ in the Avawatz Mountains and the Noble Hills. The final stop of the trip is in the Mormon Point turtleback, where the implications of the SDVFZ offset are discussed, alongside the metamorphic rocks at the stop, suggesting the restoration of the Panamint Range partially atop the Black Mountains.
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Dobak, Paul J., François Robert, Shaun L. L. Barker, Jeremy R. Vaughan, and Douglas Eck. "Chapter 15: Goldstrike Gold System, North Carlin Trend, Nevada, USA." In Geology of the World’s Major Gold Deposits and Provinces, 313–34. Society of Economic Geologists, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.23.15.

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Abstract The Eocene Goldstrike system on the Carlin Trend in Nevada is the largest known Carlin-type gold system, with an endowment of 58 million ounces (Moz) distributed among several coalesced deposits in a structural window of gently dipping carbonate rocks below the regional Roberts Mountains thrust. The 3.5- × 2.5-km Goldstrike system is bounded to the east by the Post normal fault system and to the south by the Jurassic Goldstrike diorite stock and is partly hosted in the favorable slope-facies apron of the Bootstrap reef margin that passes through the system. The carbonate and clastic sedimentary sequence is openly folded, cut by sets of reverse and normal faults, and intruded by the Jurassic Goldstrike stock and swarms of Jurassic and Eocene dikes, establishing the structural architecture that controlled fluid flow and distribution of Eocene mineralization. A proximal zone of permeability-enhancing decarbonatization with anomalous gold (&gt;0.1 ppm) extends a few hundreds of meters beyond the ore footprint and lies within a carbonate δ18O depletion anomaly extending ~1.4 km farther outboard. The full extent of the larger hydrothermal system hosting Goldstrike and adjacent deposits on the northern Carlin Trend is outlined by a 20- × 40-km thermal anomaly defined by apatite fission-track analyses. The bulk of the mineralization is hosted in decarbonatized sedimentary units with elevated iron contents and abundant diagenetic pyrite relative to background. Gold is associated with elevated concentrations of As, Tl, Hg, and Sb, and occurs in micron-sized arsenian pyrite grains or in arsenian pyrite overgrowths on older, principally diagenetic pyrite, with sulfidation of available iron as the main gold precipitation mechanism. The intersection of a swarm of Jurassic lamprophyre dikes with the edge of the limestone reef provided a favorable deeply penetrating structural conduit within which a Jurassic stock acted as a structural buttress, whereas the reef’s slope-facies apron of carbonate units, with high available iron content, provided a fertile setting for Carlin-type mineralization. The onset of Eocene extension coupled with a southwestward-sweeping Cenozoic magmatic front acted as the trigger for main-stage gold mineralization at 40 to 39 Ma. All these factors contributed to the exceptional size and grade of Goldstrike.
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Munroe, Jeffrey S., Matthew F. Bigl, Annika E. Silverman, and Benjamin J. C. Laabs. "Records of late Quaternary environmental change from high-elevation lakes in the Ruby Mountains and East Humboldt Range, Nevada." In From Saline to Freshwater: The Diversity of Western Lakes in Space and Time. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2018.2536(03).

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Bradley, Mark A., L. Page Anderson, Nathan Eck, and Kevin D. Creel. "Chapter 16: Giant Carlin-Type Gold Deposits of the Cortez District, Lander and Eureka Counties, Nevada." In Geology of the World’s Major Gold Deposits and Provinces, 335–53. Society of Economic Geologists, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.23.16.

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Abstract The Cortez district is in one of the four major Carlin-type gold deposit trends in the Great Basin province of Nevada and contains three giant (&gt;10 Moz) gold orebodies: Pipeline, Cortez Hills, and Goldrush, including the recently discovered Fourmile extension of the Goldrush deposit. The district has produced &gt;21 Moz (653 t) of gold and contains an additional 26 Moz (809 t) in reserves and resources. The Carlin-type deposits occur in two large structural windows (Gold Acres and Cortez) of Ordovician through Devonian shelf- and slope-facies carbonate rocks exposed through deformed, time-equivalent lower Paleozoic siliciclastic rocks of the overlying Roberts Mountains thrust plate. Juxtaposition of these contrasting Paleozoic strata occurred during the late Paleozoic Antler orogeny along the Roberts Mountains thrust. Both upper and lower plate sequences were further deformed by Mesozoic compressional events. Regional extension, commencing in the Eocene, opened high- and low-angle structural conduits for mineralizing solutions and resulted in gold deposition in reactive carbonate units in structural traps, including antiforms and fault-propagated folds. The Pipeline and Cortez Hills deposits are located adjacent to the Cretaceous Gold Acres and Jurassic Mill Canyon granodioritic stocks, respectively; although these stocks are genetically unrelated to the later Carlin-type mineralization event, their thermal metamorphic aureoles may have influenced ground preparation for later gold deposition. Widespread decarbonatization, argillization, and silicification of the carbonate host rocks accompanied gold mineralization, with gold precipitated within As-rich rims on fine-grained pyrite. Pipeline and Cortez Hills also display deep supergene oxidation of the hypogene sulfide mineralization. Carlin-type mineralization in the district is believed to have been initiated in the late Eocene (&gt;35 Ma) based on the age of late- to postmineral rhyolite dikes at Cortez Hills. The Carlin-type gold deposits in the district share common structural, stratigraphic, alteration, and ore mineralogic characteristics that reflect common modes of orebody formation. Ore-forming fluids were channeled along both low-angle structures (Pipeline, Goldrush/Fourmile) and high-angle features (Cortez Hills), and gold mineralization was deposited in Late Ordovician through Devonian limestone, limy mudstone, and calcareous siltstone. The Carlin-type gold fluids are interpreted to be low-salinity (2–3 wt % NaCl equiv), low-temperature (220°–270°C), and weakly acidic, analogous to those in other Carlin-type gold deposits in the Great Basin. The observed characteristics of the Cortez Carlin-type gold deposits are consistent with the recently proposed deep magmatic genetic model. Although the deposits occur over a wide geographic area in the district, it is possible that they initially formed in greater proximity to each other and were then spatially separated during Miocene and post-Miocene regional extension.
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Gooley, Jared T., Marty Grove, and Stephan A. Graham. "Tectonic evolution of the central California margin as reflected by detrital zircon composition in the Mount Diablo region." In Regional Geology of Mount Diablo, California: Its Tectonic Evolution on the North America Plate Boundary. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.1217(14).

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ABSTRACT The Mount Diablo region has been located within a hypothesized persistent corridor for clastic sediment delivery to the central California continental margin over the past ~100 m.y. In this paper, we present new detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and integrate it with previously established geologic and sedimentologic relationships to document how Late Cretaceous through Cenozoic trends in sandstone composition varied through time in response to changing tectonic environments and paleogeography. Petrographic composition and detrital zircon age distributions of Great Valley forearc stratigraphy demonstrate a transition from axial drainage of the Klamath Mountains to a dominantly transverse Sierra Nevada plutonic source throughout Late Cretaceous–early Paleogene time. The abrupt presence of significant pre-Permian and Late Cretaceous–early Paleogene zircon age components suggests an addition of extraregional sediment derived from the Idaho batholith region and Challis volcanic field into the northern forearc basin by early–middle Eocene time as a result of continental extension and unroofing. New data from the Upper Cenozoic strata in the East Bay region show a punctuated voluminous influx (&gt;30%) of middle Eocene–Miocene detrital zircon age populations that corresponds with westward migration and cessation of silicic ignimbrite eruptions in the Nevada caldera belt (ca. 43–40, 26–23 Ma). Delivery of extraregional sediment to central California diminished by early Miocene time as renewed erosion of the Sierra Nevada batholith and recycling of forearc strata were increasingly replaced by middle–late Miocene andesitic arc–derived sediment that was sourced from Ancestral Cascade volcanism (ca. 15–10 Ma) in the northern Sierra Nevada. Conversely, Cenozoic detrital zircon age distributions representative of the Mesozoic Sierra Nevada batholith and radiolarian chert and blueschist-facies lithics reflect sediment eroded from locally exhumed Mesozoic subduction complex and forearc basin strata. Intermingling of eastern- and western-derived provenance sources is consistent with uplift of the Coast Ranges and reversal of sediment transport associated with the late Miocene transpressive deformation along the Hayward and Calaveras faults. These provenance trends demonstrate a reorganization and expansion of the western continental drainage catchment in the California forearc during the late transition to flat-slab subduction of the Farallon plate, subsequent volcanism, and southwestward migration of the paleodrainage divide during slab rollback, and ultimately the cessation of convergent margin tectonics and initiation of the continental transform margin in north-central California.
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Barker, Graeme. "Weed, Tuber, and Maize Farming in the Americas." In The Agricultural Revolution in Prehistory. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199281091.003.0012.

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The American continent extends over 12,000 kilometres from Alaska to Cape Horn, and encompasses an enormous variety of environments from arctic to tropical. For the purposes of this discussion, such a huge variety has to be simplified into a few major geographical units within the three regions of North, Central, and South America (Fig. 7.1). Large tracts of Alaska and modern Canada north of the 58th parallel consist of tundra, which extends further south down the eastern coast of Labrador. To the south, boreal coniferous forests stretch eastwards from Lake Winnipeg and the Red River past the Great Lakes to the Atlantic, and westwards from the slopes of the Rockies to the Pacific. The vast prairies in between extend southwards through the central United States between the Mississippi valley and the Rockies, becoming less forested and more open as aridity increases further south. South of the Great Lakes the Appalachian mountains dominate the eastern United States, making a temperate landscape of parallel ranges and fertile valleys, with sub-tropical environments developing in the south-east. The two together are commonly referred to as the ‘eastern Woodlands’ in the archaeological literature. On the Pacific side are more mountain ranges such as the Sierra Nevada, separated from the Rockies by arid basins including the infamous Death Valley. These drylands extend southwards into the northern part of Central America, to what is now northern Mexico, a region of pronounced winter and summer seasonality in temperature, with dryland geology and geomorphology and xerophytic vegetation. The highlands of Central America, from Mexico to Nicaragua, are cool tropical environments with mixed deciduous and coniferous forests. The latter develop into oak-laurel-myrtle rainforest further south in Costa Rica and Panama. The lowlands on either side sustain a variety of tropical vegetation adapted to high temperatures and frost-free climates, including rainforest, deciduous woodland, savannah, and scrub. South America can be divided into a number of major environmental zones (Pearsall, 1992). The first is the Pacific littoral, which changes dramatically from tropical forest in Colombia and Ecuador to desert from northern Peru to central Chile. This coastal plain is transected by rivers flowing from the Andes, and in places patches of seasonal vegetation (lomas) are able to survive in rainless desert sustained by sea fog.
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Conference papers on the topic "Geology – Nevada – Ruby Mountains"

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Dee, Seth M., and Benjamin J. Laabs. "LIDAR BASED GEOLOGIC MAPPING AND TERRESTRIAL COSMOGENIC NUCLIDE EXPOSURE DATING TO CHARACTERIZE FAULT SLIP RATES AND THE AGE OF GLACIATION IN THE RUBY MOUNTAINS - EAST HUMBOLDT RANGE, NEVADA." In 115th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019cd-329127.

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Nolt-Caraway, Sarah Ann, and Ryan C. Porter. "MAPPING CRUSTAL DEFORMATION USING SEISMIC ANISOTROPY, RUBY MOUNTAINS, NEVADA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-340503.

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Sackett, Hannah, Benjamin J. C. Laabs, Jeffrey S. Munroe, and Samantha W. Eckes. "CLIMATE CHANGE DURING DEGLACIATION OF THE OVERLAND CREEK VALLEY, RUBY MOUNTAINS, NEVADA, U.S.A." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272821.

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Mueller, Carlton, James R. Metcalf, and Allen J. McGrew. "THERMOCHRONOLOGIC CONSTRAINTS ON THE COOLING AND EXHUMATION OF THE NORTHERN RUBY MOUNTAINS, NEVADA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-337836.

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5

Reimers, Alexander, and Benjamin Laabs. "CLIMATE CHANGE DURING DEGLACIATION INFERRED FROM NUMERICAL GLACIER MODELING IN THE RUBY MOUNTAINS, NEVADA." In 52nd Annual North-Central GSA Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018nc-313256.

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Griffin, Kayla M., and Willis Hames. "THE PRE-MIOCENE REGIONAL EXHUMATION HISTORY OF DEEP CRUST EXPOSED IN THE RUBY MOUNTAINS METAMORPHIC CORE COMPLEX, NEVADA." In 66th Annual GSA Southeastern Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017se-290844.

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Metcalf, James, and Allen McGrew. "THERMOCHRONOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR EOCENE EXHUMATION IN THE RUBY MOUNTAINS - EAST HUMBOLDT RANGE - WOOD HILLS METAMORPHIC CORE COMPLEX, NE NEVADA." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-383440.

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McGrew, Allen J., James R. Metcalf, Alexander J. Carte, and Joseph W. Jeruc. "NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE TIME-TRANSGRESSIVE EXTENSIONAL EXHUMATION HISTORY OF THE RUBY MOUNTAINS-EAST HUMBOLDT RANGE METAMORPHIC CORE COMPLEX, NEVADA." In 115th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019cd-329870.

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McGrew, Allen, and James Metcalf. "EPISODIC LATE EOCENE TO RECENT EXTENSION IN THE VICINITY OF THE RUBY MOUNTAINS AND EAST HUMBOLDT RANGE, ELKO COUNTY, NEVADA." In Cordilleran Section-117th Annual Meeting-2021. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021cd-363293.

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Camilleri, Phyllis A., Jack E. Deibert, and Michael E. Perkins. "THE ROLE OF THE ~ 16 -5 MA KNOLL- EAST HUMBOLDT-RUBY MOUNTAINS FAULT SYSTEM IN THE EVOLUTION OF THE RUBY–EAST HUMBOLDT-WOOD HILLS METAMORPHIC CORE COMPLEX, NORTHEAST NEVADA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-277274.

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Reports on the topic "Geology – Nevada – Ruby Mountains"

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Mineral resources, geology, and geophysics of the Worthington Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Lincoln County, Nevada. US Geological Survey, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b1728a.

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