Academic literature on the topic 'Geology England Midlands'

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Journal articles on the topic "Geology England Midlands"

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Pharaoh, T. C., T. S. Brewer, and P. C. Webb. "Subduction-related magmatism of late Ordovician age in eastern England." Geological Magazine 130, no. 5 (September 1993): 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800020951.

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AbstractDeep boreholes show that plutonic and volcanic igneous rocks comprise an important component of the Caledonian basement in eastern England. The isotopic compositions of these rocks reveal that many of them are of late Ordovician age (440–460 Ma), and their geochemical compositions suggest calc–alkaline affinities. The intermediate (diorite-tonalite) plutonic rocks are associated with a prominent northwest–southeast trending belt of aeromagnetic anomalies extending from Derby to St Ives, Hunts., which is interpreted to work the plutonic core of a calc-alkaline magmatic arc. It is inferred that this arc was generated by the subduction of oceanic lithosphere, possibly from the Tornquist Sea, in a south or southwest direction beneath the Midlands Microcraton in late Ordovician times. The age and geochemical composition of concealed Ordovician volcanic rocks in eastern England, and hypabyssal intrusions of the Midlands Minor Intrusive Suite in central England, is compatible with such a hypothesis.
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RAY, DAVID C., CARLTON E. BRETT, ALAN T. THOMAS, and ADRIAN V. J. COLLINGS. "Late Wenlock sequence stratigraphy in central England." Geological Magazine 147, no. 1 (July 28, 2009): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756809990197.

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AbstractThe late Wenlock Series (Homerian Stage) of the northern Midland Platform (central England) comprises silty mudstones and limestones of the upper part of the Coalbrookdale and overlying Much Wenlock Limestone formations. Based on outcrop studies and borehole data, the sequence stratigraphical interpretation developed for the inliers of the West Midlands is slightly revised, and extended to the stratotype sections along Wenlock Edge. A single third-order cycle of sea-level change is identified, punctuated by a regressive–transgressive episode associated with a higher-order glacioeustatic cycle, allowing the upper Wenlock Series of the area to be divided into two subsequences (A and B). Subsequence A and the early transgressive systems tract began with regression associated with the basal sequence boundary in late Cyrtograptus lundgreni Biozone times. This was followed by a period of slow transgression or stillstand, allowing shallower water carbonate environments to prograde. A minor phase of regression followed, resulting in the generation of the shallowest water deposits of both the Lower Quarried Limestone and Farley members (of the Much Wenlock Limestone and Coalbrookdale formations, respectively). The overlying Subsequence B and the late transgressive systems tract are marked by transgression and a period of rapid sea-level fluctuation and are likely contained within the Gothograptus nassa Biozone. A minor highstand is widely recognizable at this time. The rest of Subsequence B consists of an initial phase of weak progradation (highstand systems tract), followed by a marked regression (falling stage systems tract) culminating in an erosive upper sequence boundary at or close to the top of the Monograptus ludensis Biozone, but within the uppermost Much Wenlock Limestone Formation. Above Subsequence B is a marked transgression into the Lower Elton Formation and the Ludlow Series. Both late Wenlock lowstands and the succeeding flooding events have been recognized on other palaeocontinents, reflecting the eustatic nature of sea-level changes reported here.
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RAY, DAVID C., ADRIAN V. J. COLLINGS, GRAHAM J. WORTON, and GAVIN JONES. "Upper Wenlock bentonites from Wren's Nest Hill, Dudley: comparisons with prominent bentonites along Wenlock Edge, Shropshire, England." Geological Magazine 148, no. 4 (April 19, 2011): 670–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756811000288.

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AbstractThe upper Wenlock Series (Homerian Stage) of the northern Midland Platform, England, contains numerous volcanic bentonite clay layers. At Wren's Nest Hill, Dudley, 15 bentonites have been investigated and comparisons with the type-Wenlock have been made by means of two key sections along Wenlock Edge, Shropshire. In total 22 bentonites have been investigated and their clay and sand-grade mineralogies determined. Rare earth element (REE) and yttrium concentrations of apatite grains contained within ten of the bentonites have been established allowing geochemical fingerprinting as an indication of provenance of source magmas and identification of geochemical marker beds. Based on the analysis of REE and yttrium concentrations it seems likely that the majority of these bentonites originated from a granodiorite magmatic source. Comparisons with published Llandovery and lower Wenlock age bentonites indicate generally more enrichment in light REEs relative to heavy REEs. In addition, close geochemical similarities between bentonites along Wenlock Edge and at Wren's Nest Hill strongly argue for their presence as precise stratigraphic equivalents within the upper Much Wenlock Limestone Formation. These correlations are further supported by geophysical data from borehole wire-line logs across the West Midlands. Finally, a chemically distinct mid-Homerian episode of volcanism is identified and represents a potentially important marker interval between the study area and other similarly aged bentonites reported from the Island of Gotland, Sweden.
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GLOVER, B. W., and A. M. O'BEIRNE. "Anatomy, hydrodynamics and depositional setting of a Westphalian C lacustrine delta complex, West Midlands, England." Sedimentology 41, no. 1 (February 1994): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1994.tb01394.x.

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Busby, J. P., G. S. Kimbell, and T. C. Pharaoh. "Integrated geophysical/geological modelling of the Caledonian and Precambrian basement of southern Britian." Geological Magazine 130, no. 5 (September 1993): 593–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800020896.

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AbstractQuantitative modelling of potential field data has been used to test and extend geological sections constructed for the new British Geological Survey Tectonic Map of Britain and Ireland. Three of the profiles cross part of the Anglo-Brabant Massif and provide new information on the nature of the pre-Mesozoic basement. A profile across southern England (passing just to the west of London) suggests that a significant contribution to observed gravity variations in the region results from changes in the thickness of relatively low density Lower Palaeozoic rocks. It also identifies a major deep-seated body with relatively high magnetic susceptibility and low density which is interpreted as a Precambrian cratonic core underlying the southeastern part of the Midlands Microcraton. Profiles across central and eastern England reveal major boundaries within the Precambrian basement, some of which coincide with structures mapped at surface. A number of intrusions of probable Caledonian age have been recognized, including bodies beneath the Widmerpool Gulf and The Wash. Those beneath The Wash appear to lie in a discrete basement region which separates belts of more magnetic basement lying to the northwest and southeast.
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Merriman, R. J., T. C. Pharaoh, N. H. Woodcock, and P. Daly. "The metamorphic history of the concealed Caledonides of eastern England and their foreland." Geological Magazine 130, no. 5 (September 1993): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800020914.

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AbstractWhite mica (illite) crystallinity data, derived mostly from borehole samples, have been used to generate a contoured metamorphic map of the concealed Caledonide fold belt of eastern England and the foreland formed by the Midlands Microcraton. The northern subcrop of the fold belt is characterized by epizonal phyllites and quartzites of possible Cambrian age, whereas anchizonal grades characterize Silurian to Lower Devonian strata of the Anglian Basin in the southern subcrop of the fold belt. Regional metamorphism in the Anglian Basin resulted from deep burial and Acadian deformation beneath a possible overburden of 7 km, assuming a metamorphic field gradient of 36 °C km-1. Late Proterozoic volcaniclastic rocks forming the basement of the microcraton show anchizonal to epizonal grades that probably developed during late Avalonian metamorphism. Cambrian to Tremadoc strata, showing late diagenetic alteration, rest on the basement with varying degrees of metamorphic discordance. During early Palaeozoic times, much of the microcraton was a region of slow subsidence with overburden thicknesses of 3.3–5.5 km. However, concealed Tremadoc strata in the northeast of the microcraton reach anchizonal grades and may have been buried to depths of 7 km beneath an overburden of uncertain age.
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Smelror, Morten. "https://2dgf.dk/xpdf/bull39-03-04-83-89.pdf." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 39 (December 20, 1991): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-1991-39-02.

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Palynomorph assemblages recovered from the Cyrtograptus centrifugus graptolite zone on Bornholm contain moderately diverse acritarchs and prasinophycean algae, and minor chitinozoans and miospores. The generally poor preservation is due mainly to a high thermal alteration of the sediments. The indentified Early Wenlock (Sheinwoodian) palynomorph assemblages are closely related to those de-scribed from contemporaneous deposits elsewhere in northwest Europe and U.S.S.R., and they are characterized by common representatives of the genera Leiosphaeridia, Diexallophasis, Oppilatala, Salo­pidium and Michystridium. The palynomorph assemblages herein described are similar to the marine floras from the open marine deep water deposits of the Wenlock carbonate shelf of the Welsh Borderland and Midlands of England as described by Dorning and Bell (1987) (the Saliopidium granuliferum Assemblage). The presence of Doinasia elongata and Domasia trispinosa, together with ?Deunffia sp. confirm that the Early Wenlock deposits on Bornholm are coeval with the Deunffia - Domasia facies proper as defined by Cramer (1970, 1971, 1971a).
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BUSBY, J. P., and N. J. P. SMITH. "The nature of the Variscan basement in southeast England: evidence from integrated potential field modelling." Geological Magazine 138, no. 6 (November 2001): 669–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756801005751.

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The Variscides of southeast England are buried beneath post-Carboniferous cover. Interpretations of the basement are based mainly on deep boreholes. Geophysical signatures from the basement are contained within the regional gravity and magnetic data. A gravity stripping exercise has been undertaken to remove the gravitational effect of the post-Variscan cover to generate a residual gravity map. This map is interpreted along with integrated potential field modelling along four long interconnected profiles and compared with a revised pre-Permian subcrop map. The magnetic evidence suggests that Precambrian magnetic basement of the Midlands Microcraton has been buried southwards by north-vergent Variscan thusting over the foreland. North of the Variscan Front, short-wavelength anomalies superimposed upon this deep Precambrian source are due to shallower Silurian and Carboniferous volcanic rocks. Many residual gravity lows within the Rhenohercynian zone may be related to thick, low-density Devonian basins. In the English Channel a change in geophysical signature occurs north of the Portland–Wight Fault, coinciding with phyllites in the basement. Models are presented in which the English Channel magnetic anomalies originate within the pre-Permian basement. Comparisons with anomalies in the Southwestern Approaches suggest that the Portland–Wight Thrust is a terrane boundary, possibly a subduction-related suture, implying southerly directed Variscan subduction.
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Bell, F. G. "A survey of the engineering properties of some anhydrite and gypsum from the north and midlands of England." Engineering Geology 38, no. 1-2 (December 1994): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(94)90021-3.

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Smith, N. J. P., and A. W. A. Rushton. "Cambrian and Ordovician stratigraphy related to structure and seismic profiles in the western part of the English Midlands." Geological Magazine 130, no. 5 (September 1993): 665–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800020975.

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AbstractIn England the Cambrian successions include relatively continuous, dominantly argillaceous sequences (Nuneaton area, > 900 m thick) and arenaceous successions punctuated by hiatuses (Malvern, Shropshire). The Tremadoc (lower Ordovician) succeeds paraconformably; it is widespread, dominantly argillaceous and locally very thick (> 2000 m). Deposition of the lower Tremadoc is thought to have been rapid. Uplift of regional extent occurred in early Ordovician (post-Tremadoc) times and inversion of the basins, such as the Tremadoc Worcester Graben, occurred during the Variscan Orogeny. The disposition of the Cambrian–Tremadoc beneath the Upper Llandovery unconformity is thought to reflect the arrangement of basins and highs at that time. Evidence from seismic profiles indicates deposition in half-grabens. In the Welsh Borderland, evidence from outcrops and boreholes suggests that the St David's Series (Middle Cambrian) is locally thickened against syn-depositional faults. The thinning and local absence of the St David's Series across such faults is attributed to the influence of tilt-block highs. Rifting and tilting allowed thick Tremadoc to accumulate (e.g. in a precursor Worcester Graben), but evidence for the direction of thickening is masked by lack of seismic markers and by the effect of pre-landovery erosion.
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Book chapters on the topic "Geology England Midlands"

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Smith, K., and N. J. P. Smith. "Geology of the East Midlands." In Metallogenic models and exploration criteria for buried carbonate-hosted ore deposits—a multidisciplinary study in eastern England, 5–11. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7184-5_2.

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