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Journal articles on the topic 'Geology – Costa Rica – Osa Peninsula'

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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Berrangé, J. P., D. R. Bradley, and N. J. Snelling. "K/Ar age dating of the ophiolitic Nicoya Complex of the Osa Peninsula, southern Costa Rica." Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2, no. 1 (January 1989): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0895-9811(89)90026-6.

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2

Gardner, Thomas W., Donald M. Fisher, Kristin D. Morell, and Matthew L. Cupper. "Upper-plate deformation in response to flat slab subduction inboard of the aseismic Cocos Ridge, Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Lithosphere 5, no. 3 (June 2013): 247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/l251.1.

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3

Berrangé, J. P., and R. S. Thorpe. "The geology, geochemistry and emplacement of the Cretaceous—Tertiary ophiolitic Nicoya Complex of the Osa Peninsula, southern Costa Rica." Tectonophysics 147, no. 3-4 (April 1988): 193–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(88)90187-4.

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4

Cornejo, Xavier, Scott A. Mori, Reinaldo Aguilar, Hannah Stevens, and Francine Douwes. "Phytogeography of the trees of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Brittonia 64, no. 1 (March 2012): 76–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12228-011-9194-0.

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5

KÖHLER, GUNTHER, D. MATTHIAS DEHLING, and JOHANNES KÖHLER. "Cryptic species and hybridization in the Anolis polylepis complex, with the description of a new species from the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica (Squamata: Polychrotidae)." Zootaxa 2718, no. 1 (January 22, 2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2718.1.2.

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Based on differences in hemipenial morphology we recognize two species of anoles related to Anolis polylepis: Anolis polylepis (Pacific versant of central and southern Costa Rica and western Panama, excluding the Osa Peninsula) and a species described herein which is restricted to the Osa Peninsula. The two species differ in hemipenial morphology (hemipenis bilobed in A. polylepis versus unilobed in the species from the Osa Peninsula) but show no discernable differences in external morphology (i.e., morphometrics, scalation, coloration, male dewlap). We therefore consider them to be cryptic species. At the neck of the Osa Peninsula where the ranges of the two species meet we detected a narrow (about 1 km wide) hybridization zone in which only individuals with an intermediate hemipenial morphology occur.

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6

SMITH, ANDREW B. T. "A new species of Phalangogonia Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini) from Costa Rica." Zootaxa 316, no. 1 (October 1, 2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.316.1.1.

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Phalangogonia hawksi sp. n. from the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica is described. The genus Phalangogonia Burmeister now includes nine species. An updated key to the species in this genus is provided to accommodate the new species.

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7

Kennedy, Helen. "New species of Calathea (Marantaceae) endemic to Costa Rica." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 8 (August 1, 1997): 1356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-848.

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Calathea hylaeanthoides Kennedy, Calathea retroflexa Kennedy, and Calathea incompta Kennedy are described as new. All three species are endemic to Costa Rica. Calathea hylaeanthoides and C. incompta are from the Osa Peninsula, while C. retroflexa is from midelevation on the Pacific slope of the Cordillera de Talamanca. Calathea hylaeanthoides belongs to Calathea section Breviscapus, C. retroflexa belongs to Calathea section Calathea, and C. incompta belongs to the "Ornata group" of Calathea. Key words: Marantaceae, Calathea, Costa Rica, endemism.

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8

Morillo, Jhunior A., and Amy Berkov. "Alien Scolytines on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)." Florida Entomologist 102, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0301.

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9

Altrichter, Mariana, and Roberval Almeida. "Exploitation of white-lipped peccaries Tayassu pecari (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Oryx 36, no. 2 (April 2002): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605302000194.

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We studied movements of white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari, Artiodactyla, Tayassuidae) throughout the Osa Peninsula and their use by local people during 1997–2000, using interview techniques. We draw five main conclusions: 1) White-lipped peccaries living on the Osa Peninsula range within Corcovado National Park for most of the year. 2) Peccaries travel beyond the Park boundaries to the north and south-east of the Peninsula at the end of the wet season when a fruit shortage occurs in Corcovado. 3) The local people hunt peccaries as the herds move through the Peninsula. 4) Current small herd sizes observed by locals in the Peninsula and by researchers in the Park may indicate a decline of the peccary population. 5) Peccaries constitute neither an important source of food nor a source of cash income for local people. We suggest that sustainable use of peccaries in this region is neither realistic nor necessary. Instead of trying to legalize and regulate hunting, effective systems to control illegal hunting should be implemented, especially outside the Park boundary from October to January when the animals are on the move.

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10

ERWIN, TERRY L. "The beetle family Carabidae of Costa Rica: The genera of the Cryptobatida group of subtribe Agrina, tribe Lebiini, with new species and notes on their way of life (Insecta: Coleoptera)." Zootaxa 662, no. 1 (October 1, 2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.662.1.1.

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Eight genera and eighteen species of the Cryptobatida group of subtribe Agrina, Lebiini, living in Costa Rica are diagnosed, described, illustrated or referenced and new species assigned to inclusive genera. Occurrences of some taxa outside of Costa Rica are also reported, these ranging from Texas to Argentina. Subtribe Agrina consists of those species formerly included in the Subtribe Calleidina. Four new species of Aspasiola Chaudoir 1877 are described: A. bonita Erwin, n. sp. (COSTA RICA. PUNTARENAS, Peninsula de Osa, P.N. Corcovado, Estaci n Sirena, 0 100 m, 08 28' 0 N, 083 35' 0 W, LS270500, 508300), A. osa Erwin, n. sp. (COSTA RICA. PUNTARENAS, Peninsula de Osa, P.N. Corcovado, Estaci n Sirena, upper Ollas Trail, 30 150 m, 08 29' 00 N, 083 34' 39 W), A. selva Erwin, n. sp. (COSTA RICA. HEREDIA, Estaci n Biol gica La Selva, 3.0 km S Puerto Viejo, Finca La Selva, 50 150 m, 10 25' 55 N, 084 00' 32 W, LN535500, 268000), A. steineri Erwin n. sp. (COSTA RICA. HEREDIA, Estaci n Biol gica La Selva, 3.0 km S Puerto Viejo, Finca La Selva, 50 150 m, 10 25' 55 N, 084 00' 32 W, LN535500, 268000). Two new species of Hyboptera Chaudoir 1872 are described: H. apollonia Erwin n. sp. (PANAM , COL N, Porto Bello, 113 m, 09 33' 0 N, 079 39' 0 W), H. auxiliadora Erwin n. sp. (USA. TEXAS, Hidalgo County, Mission; Bentsen State Park, 26 10' 22" N, 098 22' 56" W). Alkestis Liebke 1939 is a nomen dubium and possible junior synonym of Lelis Chaudoir 1869. Aspasiola rutilans ignea Bates 1883 is changed to full species, Aspasiola ignea Bates new status. Pseudolebia Basilewsky 1942 is NOT a synonym of Onota Chaudoir 1872. Pseudometabletus Liebke 1930 is a junior synonym of Cylindronotum Putzeys 1846. Pseudotoglossa rufitarsis nigrescens Mateu 1961:177 is a junior synonym of Pseudotoglossa terminalis (Chaudoir). An identification key is provided to the genera of the Cryptobatida Group and additional keys are provided for those genera with more than one species occurring in Costa Rica. Distribution data is provided for all species including their known occurrence outside of Costa Rica in adjacent Panam and Nicaragua, and other countries. Adults of species of Aspasiola, Cryptobatis, Otoglossa and Hyboptera are known to occur on shelf fungi on rotting logs and have also been fogged from the canopy of tropical trees (which probably contained shelf fungi on dead branches); adults of species of Cylindronotum, Onota, Pseudotoglossa, Valeriaaschero have also been fogged from the canopy of tropical trees and likely adults of Onota and Pseudotoglossa collected from rotten logs were associated with fungi.

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11

Lopez Gutierrez, Beatriz, A. M. Almeyda Zambrano, G. Mulder, C. Ols, R. Dirzo, S. L. Almeyda Zambrano, C. A. Quispe Gil, et al. "Ecotourism: the ‘human shield’ for wildlife conservation in the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Journal of Ecotourism 19, no. 3 (November 19, 2019): 197–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14724049.2019.1686006.

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12

Jones, Ronald L., and Humberto Jiménez-Saa. "Conservation assessment of Playa Delfín Rainforest Reserve and Research Station, Costa Rica." Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 11, no. 2 (November 29, 2017): 469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v11.i2.1084.

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Playa Delfín is located in southwestern Costa Rica on the Golfo Dulce coast across from the Osa Peninsula, and occupies an area of 115 ha with elevations ranging up to 145 m. The reserve is privately owned by Patrick and Anne Weston, and was purchased in 1988 to protect one of the last remaining tracts of primary forest in the region. A two-week botanical survey in 2011 aimed at assessing the conservation value of the site resulted in the documentation of 138 taxa of chiefly woody plants. Of these 101 were trees, 24 were shrubs, 6 were lianas, and 7 were herbs. Included in the list are twelve species considered to be rare or of restricted ranges, as well as three species representing first reports for the Osa Peninsula/Golfo Dulce region. Four major habitats are described along with typical species associated with each community. Primary forest occurred in the uplands and stream corridors while the lowland section was more disturbed but still contained a number of large trees. Five non-native species were documented in the lowlands but only Gmelina arborea was particularly invasive. These results suggest that a rich flora occurs at Playa Delfín, and, as it was also known to harbor a rich fauna, provides additional evidence of the high conservation value of the site. Already a part of Costa Rica’s private forest reserve system, Playa Delfín received additional government protection as a result of this and other studies documenting the biological resources at the reserve.

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13

Friedlander, Alan M., Enric Ballesteros, Odalisca Breedy, Beatriz Naranjo-Elizondo, Noelia Hernández, Pelayo Salinas-de-León, Enric Sala, and Jorge Cortés. "Nearshore marine biodiversity of Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica: Where the ocean meets the rainforest." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 28, 2022): e0271731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271731.

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Osa Peninsula in remote southwest Costa Rica harbors 2.5% of global terrestrial biodiversity in only 1,200 km2 and has the largest remaining tract of Pacific lowland wet forest in Mesoamerica. However, little is known about the marine ecosystems of this diverse region. Much of the coastline consists of soft sediment exposed to strong wave action. Three major hard bottom habitat types define this region, including: 1) coral reefs around Isla del Caño Biological Reserve, a no-take marine protected area (MPA) of 52 km2, 2) coastal rocky reefs and islets along the peninsula, including Corcovado National Park, and 3) submerged pinnacles just outside the Isla del Caño MPA. Average coral cover at Isla del Caño was 21%, composed primarily of Porites lobata and Pocillopora elegans. In contrast, coastal rocky reefs were dominated by turf algae (39.8%) and macroalgae (20.7%) with low coral cover (1.1%). Submerged pinnacles were dominated by crustose coralline algae (33.3%) and erect coralline algae (25.7%). Fish assemblage characteristics (species richness, abundance, biomass) were significantly higher at the pinnacles compared to the other habitats and was dominated by schooling species such as Haemulon steindachneri, and the herbivores Kyphosus ocyurus, and Acanthurus xanthopterus. Top predators, primarily Triaenodon obesus, Caranx sexfasciatus, and Lutjanus argentimaculatus, were also most abundant at these pinnacles and accounted for the largest differences in fish trophic structure among habitats. Despite Isla del Caño being fully protected from fishing, biomass was similar to fished areas along the coast and lower than the adjacent submerged pinnacles outside the reserve. Similarly, Corcovado National Park includes 20.3 km2 of no-take MPAs; however, there is limited enforcement, and we noted several instances of fishing within the park. The unique configuration of healthy offshore coral reefs and pinnacles connected to coastal habitats provides corridors for many species including large predators such as sharks and other marine megafauna, which warrants additional protection.

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14

Taylor, Philip, Gregory Asner, Kyla Dahlin, Christopher Anderson, David Knapp, Roberta Martin, Joseph Mascaro, et al. "Landscape-Scale Controls on Aboveground Forest Carbon Stocks on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." PLOS ONE 10, no. 6 (June 10, 2015): e0126748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126748.

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15

Moyer, Pamela A., Susan L. Bilek, and W. Scott Phillips. "Apparent stress variations near the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica, influenced by subducted bathymetric features." Geophysical Research Letters 38, no. 2 (January 2011): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010gl045955.

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16

Balzotti, Christopher S., Gregory P. Asner, Philip G. Taylor, Rebecca Cole, Brooke B. Osborne, Cory C. Cleveland, Stephen Porder, and Alan R. Townsend. "Topographic distributions of emergent trees in tropical forests of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Ecography 40, no. 7 (June 22, 2016): 829–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecog.02062.

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17

Sak, Peter B., Donald M. Fisher, and Thomas W. Gardner. "Effects of subducting seafloor roughness on upper plate vertical tectonism: Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Tectonics 23, no. 1 (February 2004): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002tc001474.

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18

Mazzolari, Ana Clara, Laín Pardo, Otto Monge, Víctor Montalvo, Dora Armero-Durán, Juan Carlos Cruz-Díaz, Nancy Orias-Hidalgo, et al. "Percepción sobre la vida silvestre desde diversas visiones religiosas: Una herramienta para promover la educación ambiental en la Península de Osa." UNED Research Journal 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/urj.v4i2.11.

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En la península de Osa, al sur de Costa Rica, la cacería y el comerciode la fauna silvestre son prácticas extendidas que ponen en riesgo suconservación. Los líderes religiosos podrían ser actores importantes sise integra en sus discursos ideas sobre esta problemática, pues ellostienden a crear enlaces profundos con la comunidad. Con el objetivo deconocer la percepción de los líderes religiosos frente a la problemáticaambiental local, se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad. En generalmostraron sensibilidad hacia la naturaleza y los problemas ambientalesactuales. Existió una aceptación sobre la caza de subsistencia, pero no asíde la caza deportiva ni comercial. Se encontró una buena disposición deaprender sobre la problemática ambiental y las vías para su mitigación,así como elementos en sus doctrinas que pueden usarse para canalizarestrategias de educación ambiental.ABSTRACTPerception of wildlife from various religious views: A tool to promoteenvironmental education in the Osa Peninsula. In the Osa peninsula insouthern Costa Rica, hunting and wildlife trade are common practicesthat threaten biodiversity conservation. Religious leaders could playan important role if they integrate in their speeches ideas aboutthese issues, as they tend to create deep links with the community. Inorder to understand the perception of religious leaders against localenvironmental issues they were interviewed in depth. In general theyshowed sensitivity to nature and the current environmental problems.They showed an acceptance on subsistence hunting, but not forcommercial or sport hunting. Also religious leaders showed a willingnessto learn about environmental issues and ways to mitigate them, as wellas elements in their doctrines that can be used to channel environmentaleducation strategies.

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19

Kameda, Jun, Robert N. Harris, Mayuko Shimizu, Kohtaro Ujiie, Akito Tsutsumi, Minoru Ikehara, Masaoki Uno, et al. "Hydrogeological responses to incoming materials at the erosional subduction margin, offshore Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 16, no. 8 (August 2015): 2725–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015gc005837.

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20

Beal, Maxwell R. W., Parker J. Matzinger, Guido Saborío-R., Jonathan Noguera Bristan, and Erik R. Olson. "Survey of medium-sized and large mammals of Piedras Blancas National Park, Costa Rica." Check List 16, no. 4 (July 31, 2020): 939–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/16.4.939.

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Piedras Blancas National Park, in southern Costa Rica, is an important component of two biological corridors connecting the Osa Peninsula (Corcovado National Park) and La Amistad International Park. Understanding the mammal community composition of Piedras Blancas will provide baseline data to evaluate the success of conservation efforts. We used camera traps and opportunistic observations to describe the medium-sized and large mammals of the park. We deployed camera traps for 1,440 trap nights (2016-2018). We detected 19 mammal species from seven orders and 13 families. Five species are globally threatened: Leopardus wiedii (Schinz, 1821), Saimiri oerstedii (Linnaeus, 1758), Ateles geoffroyi (Kuhl, 1820), Alouatta palliata (Gray, 1849), and Tapirus bairdii (Gill, 1865). We did not detect two locally threatened species, Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tayassu pecari (Link, 1795). Our research highlights a need for critical conservation work within the proposed biological corridor to support Costa Rica’s most threatened wildlife.

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Morera Beita, Carlos, Luis Fernando Sandoval Murillo, and Josep Pinto Fusaba. "Transformaciones espacio-temporales de la cobertura vegetal en el Parque Nacional Corcovado, 1960- 2014." Revista de Biología Tropical 66, no. 1 (December 13, 2017): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v66i1.28925.

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Regional studies evaluating spatial-temporal transformations of vegetation in Costa Rica, especially within National Parks, are scarce. Therefore, this paper analyses the vegetation distribution during 1960, 1976, 1997 and 2014 in the Corcovado National Park. This protected area is located in the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica, and represents the Northern most tropical rain forest on the Pacific coast of America. This area offers a great wealth of biodiversity due to its geological formation, isolation for long time periods, and its particular climatic conditions that generate unique ecosystems such as cloud forests associated with ocean situated close to hill breezes located over 500 m a.s.l., as well as dense tropical forest. This study evaluates the spatial distribution of vegetation based on maps that resulted from the process of photo-interpretation of 1960, 1976, 1997 and 2012, as well as from the landscape index analysis. It concludes that during the study period, the vegetation changes have been minimal. Instead, in the few areas impacted by human activity (small-scale agriculture and pasture lands) an ecological restoration has occurred during recent decades. In addition, this research suggests that the recovering forest cover within the park and even within the Osa Peninsula has been expanding the cloud forest. An increase and contraction relationship between the different categories (Cloud forest and forests as well of flooded forest and forest in flat zones) was found. Furthermore, this study suggests the need of permanent plots in order to monitor vegetation and identify the factors that explain this previous process.

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22

SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, DANIEL, REINALDO AGUILAR FERNÁNDEZ, and HENK VAN DER WERFF. "Beilschmiedia osacola (Lauraceae) a new species from the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Phytotaxa 498, no. 3 (April 30, 2021): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.498.3.5.

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We describe and illustrate a new species of Beilschmiedia, from the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica. It is distinguished by its small flowers, which are turbinate to campanulate, with six fertile stamens and pubescent ovary, in addition it has alternate leaves along the twigs, with the lower leaf surface glabrous and not glaucous. In the field, it can be recognized by its stature, a very large tree, with the bark reddish, and peeling in large plates. Among described congeners it is superficially similar to B. hexanthera, from French Guiana, which also has six fertile stamens, and staminodes of whorl III columnar, but differs in having a pubescent ovary and larger, more branched inflorescences.

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23

Nuñez Escalante, Raby, Luis Acuña Obando, Yeudi Salgera García, Henry Sandi Amador, and Robin Gloor. "First record of the Collared Pygmy Snake (Trimetopon pliolepis) from the Peninsula de Osa, Costa Rica." Reptiles & Amphibians 28, no. 1 (May 13, 2021): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v28i1.15340.

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24

Santamaría-Aguilar, Daniel, and Reinaldo Aguilar Fernández. "Three New Species ofSloanea(Elaeocarpaceae) from Costa Rica, with Emphasis on the Species from the Osa Peninsula." Harvard Papers in Botany 20, no. 2 (December 2015): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v20iss2.2015.n5.

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25

Rocha, Oscar J., Braulio Vílchez, and Ana L. Araya Anchetta. "A mast fruiting episode of the tropical tree Peltogyne purpurea (Caesalpinaceae) in the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Revista de Biología Tropical 54, no. 4 (March 28, 2014): 1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v54i4.14090.

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26

Zambrano, Angelica M. Almeyda, Eben N. Broadbent, and William H. Durham. "Social and environmental effects of ecotourism in the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica: the Lapa Rios case." Journal of Ecotourism 9, no. 1 (February 2, 2010): 62–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14724040902953076.

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27

Hunt, Carter A., William H. Durham, Laura Driscoll, and Martha Honey. "Can ecotourism deliver real economic, social, and environmental benefits? A study of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 23, no. 3 (October 21, 2014): 339–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2014.965176.

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28

Sierra, Rodrigo, and Eric Russman. "On the efficiency of environmental service payments: A forest conservation assessment in the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Ecological Economics 59, no. 1 (August 2006): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.10.010.

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ECHAVARRIA, MARCO A. ZUMBADO, EDWIN A. BARRANTES BARRANTES, CHARLES R. BARTLETT, ERICKA E. HELMICK, GERNOT KUNZ, and BRIAN W. BAHDER. "A new species of planthopper in the genus Haplaxius from Osa Peninsula in Costa Rica (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae)." Zootaxa 5209, no. 2 (November 16, 2022): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.2.6.

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Haplaxius is a large genus of New World cixiid planthoppers. The genus is of particular interest because Haplaxius crudus can transmit palm infecting phytoplasmas and the recent discovery of additional Haplaxius on palms during survey work highlights the need to fully understand the diversity of this genus on palms. Herein, a new species, Haplaxius cotinga sp. n., is described from the Osa Peninsula in Costa Rica. This species is most similar to H. deleter from southern Panama, from which it differs mostly by features of the male terminalia. Molecular data for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 18S rRNA, and histone 3 (H3) gene is provided and demonstrates supplemental support for placing the novel taxon in Haplaxius.

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30

Reeves, R. D., A. J. M. Baker, and R. Romero. "The ultramafic flora of the Santa Elena peninsula, Costa Rica: A biogeochemical reconnaissance." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 93, no. 3 (June 2007): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2007.04.002.

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31

Laidre, Mark E., and Geerat J. Vermeij. "A biodiverse housing market in hermit crabs: proposal for a new biodiversity index." UNED Research Journal 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/urj.v4i2.5.

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Cuantificar la variación de la biodiversidad es un objetivo importantede la biología. Sin embargo, debido a que tales inventarios, en especialpara la biodiversidad marina, son costosos, difíciles y consumenmucho tiempo, hay un gran valor en indicadores simples que permitandeterminar la biodiversidad de una región determinada de maneraeficiente. Hicimos un inventario de las conchas usadas como casasmóviles terrestres por los cangrejos ermitaños (Coenobita compressus)en la Península de Osa, Costa Rica, un “punto álgido” de biodiversidad.Se registraron 41 especies, el mayor número registrado en cualquierpoblación de cangrejos ermitaños. Proponemos que la “diversidad delmercado de vivienda” en los cangrejos ermitaños puede proporcionarun índice de biodiversidad ecosistémica conveniente, lo que podríafacilitar las comparaciones entre sitios.ABSTRACTQuantifying variation in biodiversity is an important goal of biology.However, because inventorying biodiversity, especially marinebiodiversity, is costly, difficult, and time consuming, there is great valuein simple metrics that can reliably indicate a given region’s biodiversityand that can be efficiently gathered. We inventoried shells used asportable houses by terrestrial hermit crabs (Coenobita compressus) inOsa Peninsula, Costa Rica, a biodiversity hotspot. Forty-one species wererecorded, the largest number registered for any hermit crab population.We propose that housing market diversity in hermit crabs might providea convenient biodiversity index of ecosystems, potentially facilitatingcomparisons across different sites.

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32

Sanchez-Azofeifa, G. Arturo, Benoit Rivard, Julio Calvo, and Inian Moorthy. "Dynamics of Tropical Deforestation Around National Parks: Remote Sensing of Forest Change on the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica." Mountain Research and Development 22, no. 4 (November 2002): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1659/0276-4741(2002)022[0352:dotdan]2.0.co;2.

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Altrichter, Mariana. "Importancia de los mamíferos silvestres en la dieta de los pobladores de la Península de Osa, Costa Rica." Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología (Nueva Epoca) 4, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ie.20074484e.1999.4.1.84.

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Resumen: Estimé la importancia que la carne de mamíferos silvestres tiene en la dieta de pobladores de la Península de Osa, cercanos al Parque Nacional Corcovado. Visité 16 pueblos y la Comunidad Indígena Guaymí e hice entrevistas a un 55 % de las familias. La carne de monte se consume en quinto lugar, siendo el tepezcuintle Agouti paca el mamífero silvestre más consumido, seguido por el chancho cariblanco Tayassu pecari y el saíno T. tajacu (H=128, p<0.01). El tepezcuintle se consume en promedio 3 veces por año por familia y el chancho una vez cada 3 años (U = 128.5, p< 0.01). Se consume significativamente más chanchos en los pueblos que limitan con el parque, mientras que el consumo de saíno aumenta con la distancia al parque. La cacería de chanchos está concentrada en dos momentos del año, mientras que los tepezcuintles y los saínos son cazados durante todo el año. La carne de monte no es la principal fuente de proteínas en esta región. La cacería de mamíferos es altamente selectiva y responde más al sabor de la carne que a una necesidad económica. La cantidad de chanchos cazados es baja, sin embargo, los chanchos que son cazados provienen del Parque Nacional Corcovado, por lo que toda la población es susceptible al efecto de la cacería. Se debería intensificar el control de la misma en los pueblos más cercanos al PNC, especialmente durante el final de la época húmeda (octubre a diciembre).Abstract: I evaluated the importance of wild mammals’ meat in the diet of villagers of the Osa Peninsula, near to Corcovado National Park. I visited 16 towns and the Guaymí Indian Reserve. I interviewed 55 % of the families of the area. Among all the consumed meats, the wild meat takes a fifth place. The agouti Agouti paca is the wild mammal more consumed, followed by the white-lipped Tayassu pecari and the collared peccary T. tajacu (H=128, p<0.01). The agouti is consumed on average three 3 times per year per family and the white-lipped peccary once every year (U = 128.5, p< 0.01). The consumption of white-lipped peccaries is significantly higher in communities closer to the park, while the consumption of collared peccaries is higher in communities distant to the park. The hunt of white-lipped peccaries occurs twice in the year, while agoutis and collared peccaries are hunted throughout the year. The wild meat is not the main source of protein in this region. People are very selective to consume wild meat. The consumption of wild meat is rather related to flavor that to economic need. The amount of white-lipped peccaries hunted by the peninsula residents is low. However, white-lipped peccaries that are actually hunted came from the Park, thus, the whole population is vulnerable. The control of hunting should increase in the closer towns to the park and specially at the end of the wet season (from October to December).Palabras clave: Cacería, carne de monte, Costa Rica, mamíferos, Península de Osa, subsistencia, Tayassu pecari.

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Andjić, Goran, Peter O. Baumgartner, and Claudia Baumgartner-Mora. "Collision of the Caribbean Large Igneous Province with the Americas: Earliest evidence from the forearc of Costa Rica." GSA Bulletin 131, no. 9-10 (March 20, 2019): 1555–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35037.1.

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AbstractThe Cretaceous period was marked by the most voluminous episodes of oceanic plateau volcanism in the Phanerozoic Eon. Primarily affecting the Pacific, mantle plumes generated oceanic plateaus during three main phases (ca. 145–140 Ma, ca. 122–115 Ma, and ca. 100–90 Ma). Central America is one of the very few circum-Pacific margins where remnants of these Cretaceous plateaus were accreted. The study of their onland exposures provides a highly valuable insight into the complexity and diversity of oceanic plateau histories, from their eruption to their accretion. Exposed in northern Costa Rica, the plateau remnants of the Nicoya Peninsula originated from a Jurassic oceanic crust over-thickened by Early and Late Cretaceous hotspots. These sheared-off pieces of the Farallon Plate testify to the early tectonic interaction of the Caribbean Large Igneous Province (CLIP, ca. 94–89 Ma) with North America, initiated <5 m.y. after the onset of CLIP eruption. By combining our results with previously published data, we propose an updated tectono-stratigraphic framework that divides the Nicoya Peninsula into two oceanic plateau terranes. (1) The accretion timing of the Aptian to Turonian Manzanillo Terrane is constrained by the Coniacian (ca. 89–86 Ma) base of the overlapping Loma Chumico Formation. The proximal tuffaceous forearc deposits of the Loma Chumico Formation are the oldest evidence of a volcanic arc in Costa Rica—called here the Berrugate Arc—as revealed by new biostratigraphic and geochemical data. (2) The Nicoya Complex s. str. is a composite plateau remnant containing rocks of Bajocian to earliest Campanian age. Its accretion occurred during the middle Campanian (ca. 79–76 Ma) and shut down the Berrugate Arc. In contrast to the collision of CLIP with North America, onset of the collision of CLIP with South America began much later, during the latest Campanian (ca. 75–73 Ma).

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Escuder-Viruete, Javier, and Peter O. Baumgartner. "Structural evolution and deformation kinematics of a subduction-related serpentinite-matrix mélange, Santa Elena peninsula, northwest Costa Rica." Journal of Structural Geology 66 (September 2014): 356–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2014.06.003.

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Smith, Chris, Andy Whitworth, Elizabeth Brunner, and Mateo Pomilia. "Habitat selection and diet of the Neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis) on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica, and range-wide monitoring recommendations." Neotropical Biodiversity 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2020.1739453.

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Steeb, P., S. Krause, P. Linke, C. Hensen, A. W. Dale, M. Nuzzo, and T. Treude. "Efficiency and adaptability of the benthic methane filter at Quepos Slide cold seeps, offshore Costa Rica." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 11 (November 25, 2014): 16033–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-16033-2014.

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Abstract. Large amounts of methane are delivered by fluids through the erosive forearc of the convergent margin offshore Costa Rica and lead to the formation of cold seeps at the sediment surface. Besides mud extrusion, numerous cold seeps are created by landslides induced by seamount subduction or fluid migration along major faults. Most of the dissolved methane reaching the seafloor at cold seeps is oxidized within the benthic microbial methane filter by anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Measurements of AOM and sulfate reduction as well as numerical modeling of porewater profiles revealed a highly active and efficient benthic methane filter at Quepos Slide site; a landslide on the continental slope between the Nicoya and Osa Peninsula. Integrated areal rates of AOM ranged from 12.9 ± 6.0 to 45.2 ± 11.5 mmol m-2 d-1, with only 1 to 2.5% of the upward methane flux being released into the water column. Additionally, two parallel sediment cores from Quepos Slide were used for in vitro experiments in a recently developed Sediment-F low-Through (SLOT) system to simulate an increased fluid and methane flux from the bottom of the sediment core. The benthic methane filter revealed a high adaptability whereby the methane oxidation efficiency responded to the increased fluid flow within 150–170 days. To our knowledge, this study provides the first estimation of the natural biogeochemical response of seep sediments to changes in fluid flow.

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Steeb, P., S. Krause, P. Linke, C. Hensen, A. W. Dale, M. Nuzzo, and T. Treude. "Efficiency and adaptability of the benthic methane filter at Quepos Slide cold seeps, offshore of Costa Rica." Biogeosciences 12, no. 22 (November 25, 2015): 6687–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6687-2015.

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Abstract. Large amounts of methane are delivered by fluids through the erosive forearc of the convergent margin offshore of Costa Rica and lead to the formation of cold seeps at the sediment surface. Besides mud extrusion, numerous cold seeps are created by landslides induced by seamount subduction or fluid migration along major faults. Most of the dissolved methane migrating through the sediments of cold seeps is oxidized within the benthic microbial methane filter by anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Measurements of AOM and sulfate reduction as well as numerical modeling of porewater profiles revealed a highly active and efficient benthic methane filter at the Quepos Slide site, a landslide on the continental slope between the Nicoya and Osa Peninsula. Integrated areal rates of AOM ranged from 12.9 ± 6.0 to 45.2 ± 11.5 mmol m−2 d−1, with only 1 to 2.5 % of the upward methane flux being released into the water column. Additionally, two parallel sediment cores from Quepos Slide were used for in vitro experiments in a recently developed sediment-flow-through (SLOT) system to simulate an increased fluid and methane flux from the bottom of the sediment core. The benthic methane filter revealed a high adaptability whereby the methane oxidation efficiency responded to the increased fluid flow within ca. 170 d. To our knowledge, this study provides the first estimation of the natural biogeochemical response of seep sediments to changes in fluid flow.

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Pacheco-Polanco, Juan Diego, Lenin Oviedo Correa, Marc Fernandez, and David Herra-Miranda. "Spatial analysis on the occurrence of inshore and offshore bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Osa Peninsula waters and Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica." IWC Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 20, no. 1 (September 17, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47536/jcrm.v20i1.233.

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The aim of this assessment is to advance our understanding in the spatial ecology of the resident inshore and offshore population of bottlenosedolphins in Golfo Dulce (GD) and Osa Peninsula Waters (OPW). Our approach used niche-based models (Phillips et al., 2006, Thorne et al., 2012,Friedlaender et al., 2011), which provided details of how dolphins use coastal and oceanic habitats, describing the factors that influence theirdistribution in the study area and identifying the critical habitats to be considered for management and conservation. Our analyses indicate severalimportant aspects of the distribution of these two ecotypes of bottlenose dolphins. As expected in the study area, these two ecological races occurin close proximity, but differ in the structural factors of the habitat they occupy. The inshore population uses areas close to the mouths of the riversas critical foraging habitats, being influenced by tidal cycles and seasonal changes in water temperature and salinity. The offshore population inoceanic habitats must rely on prey species found in rare but profitable patches, therefore pelagic dolphins in the open ocean would often need totravel long distances searching for these patches. Distribution models illustrating the difference in habitat use presented in this assessment are keyto effective management of the marine mammals’ diversity in Costa Rica.

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Namiki, Yuka, Akito Tsutsumi, Kohtaro Ujiie, and Jun Kameda. "Frictional properties of sediments entering the Costa Rica subduction zone offshore the Osa Peninsula: implications for fault slip in shallow subduction zones." Earth, Planets and Space 66, no. 1 (2014): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1880-5981-66-72.

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Matlaga, Tanya J. Hawley. "Mechanisms underlying the occurrence of species in complex modified tropical landscapes: a case study of amphibians in the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Journal of Tropical Ecology 34, no. 1 (January 2018): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467417000396.

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Abstract:The mechanisms underlying occupancy patterns of species in modified tropical landscapes are poorly understood. The presence of adults in a modified habitat may not necessarily indicate the quality of the habitat for sub-adult stages. These issues were addressed by examining patterns in breeding-site use by adult frogs and tadpole performance across a pasture-forest gradient in the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. The use of artificial pools by adult frogs for breeding activity was quantified along three transects, with a pool located at the edge (0 m) and 10, 30 and 50 m into forest and pasture. Next, survival, size at metamorphosis and time to metamorphosis were quantified for tadpoles of Engyptomops pustulosus and Dendrobates auratus in artificial pools at the edge, pasture and forest. Adult frogs used breeding pools non-randomly; two species used pools only in pasture, whereas three species used pools only in forest. In addition, Smilisca phaeota used pools in pasture and at the edge while E. pustulosus used pools across the pasture-forest gradient. The habitat where adults used breeding pools generally also yielded high performance of their tadpoles, with some exceptions. Tadpole survival to metamorphosis was low in pastures (<5%) and higher in edge and forest (>18%) for D. auratus; in contrast, survival of E. pustulosus was over 80% in each habitat. Metamorphs of D. auratus were largest in edges but larval period did not differ among habitats. Metamorphs of E. pustulosus were 18% larger and larval period was 27% shorter in pastures compared with forest. These results suggest that modified habitats represent an ecological jackpot for some species, such that offspring performance is enhanced compared with that in forest habitat. Populations of other species may be restricted to forest habitat because of intolerable abiotic conditions in modified habitats. The results of this study indicate that adult breeding site use and tadpole performance contribute to mechanisms that underlie patterns of species occupancy in modified tropical landscapes.

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Howard, Andrew F. "A linear programming model for predicting the sustainable yield of timber from a community forest on the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica." Forest Ecology and Management 61, no. 1-2 (October 1993): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(93)90188-s.

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Haave-Audet, Elène, Doris Audet, Michelle Monge-Velazquez, Eleanor Flatt, and Andrew Whitworth. "Unexpected Diversity in Regenerating Sites Stresses the Importance of Baselines: A Case Study With Bats (Order Chiroptera) on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Tropical Conservation Science 14 (January 2021): 194008292110281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19400829211028118.

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Introduction: Background and Research Aims: Assessing biodiversity recovery is key to determine whether the objectives of habitat restoration for conservation are met. Many restoration initiatives use cross-sectional comparisons of wildlife communities to infer restoration impact instead of longitudinal assessments from a baseline state. Using an indicator of biodiversity in the neotropics— bats— we demonstrate how assessing community diversity and composition in an area targeted for restoration prior to implementation, and when compared to surrounding intact forest, provides the groundwork to track changes in the community post-restoration. Methods We assessed bat communities by 1) using mist-net surveys to identify species in the family Phyllostomidae (leaf-nosed bats), and 2) conducting acoustic surveys to identify non-phyllostomid species (aerial insectivores). Results For both groups, we found that areas targeted for restoration had similar diversity as the surrounding forest, but the two habitat types differed in community composition. Phyllostomids were captured at higher rates in forest, but aerial insectivores were detected at higher rates in restoration habitat. Conclusion Our baseline assessment revealed unexpected diversity in areas targeted for restoration. The presence of all trophic groups in restoration habitat suggests that bats provide key ecosystem services in the restoration process, such as through seed dispersal, pollination and insect pest control. Implications for Conservation: Conducting a baseline survey of bats in areas targeted for restoration demonstrated that the community was not species poor at the baseline and was different from the surrounding forest, allowing us to better track restoration success and the effects of different restoration treatments.

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ERWIN, TERRY L. "The beetle family Carabidae of Costa Rica and Panam : Descriptions of four new genera and six new species with notes on their way of life (Insecta: Coleoptera)." Zootaxa 537, no. 1 (June 14, 2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.537.1.1.

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A new genus and two new species of Bembidiini, Tachyina, (type localities in parentheses) Tachysbembix sirena Erwin new genus, new species (P.N. Corcovado, Llorona, 20 km N Estaci n Sirena, 1 100 m, 08 37 N 083 42 W, LS 270500,508300) and Tachysbembix wendyporrasae Erwin new genus, new species (Guanacaste, Nandayure, Estero Jabilla, sea level, 10 02 N 085 11 W, LN 199225,395300), two new genera and two new species of Lachnophorini, Pseudophorticus puncticollis new genus, new species (Lim n, Hamburg Farm, Rio Reventazon, Ebene, 100 m, 10 15' N, 083 28' W) and Guatemalteca virgen Erwin new genus, new species (Heredia, 16.0 km SSE La Virgen, 1050 1150 m, 10 16' N, 84 05' W, LN527381,257085), and a new genus and two new species of Lebiini, Agrina, Valeriaaschero flora Erwin new genus, new species (Guanacaste, P.N. Guanacaste, Estaci n Pitilla, Santa Cecilia, 700 m, 10 59' 33" N, 085 25' 46' W, LN330200,380200) and Valeriaaschero nigrita Erwin new genus, new species (Puntarenas, Peninsula de Osa, Rancho Quemado, 200 m, 8 40' 44" N, 83 34' 00" W, LS292500,511000) are diagnosed, described and illustrated. Thus far, all species are known only from Costa Rica except Valeriaaschero flora Erwin which also occurs in northwestern Panam . The bembidiines live at the sea shore; the lachnophorines live amongst leaf litter in lowland or cloud forests; the lebiines are arboreal in lowland forests. This paper validates the names of the new genera and species so that information about them can be made available for enhancing the National Biodiversity Inventory Project of Costa Rica. In addition, the following species described originally in the genera Euphorticus or Lachnophorus are transferred to Pseudophorticus: Pseudophorticus semirufa (Bates) from Lachnophorus (Bates 1878); Pseudophorticus lucidus (Bates) from Lachnophorus (Bates 1883); Pseudophorticus subauratus (Bates) from Euphorticus (Bates 1884), new combinations.

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Grevemeyer, Ingo, Achim J. Kopf, Noemi Fekete, Norbert Kaul, Heinrich W. Villinger, Martin Heesemann, Klaus Wallmann, et al. "Fluid flow through active mud dome Mound Culebra offshore Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica: evidence from heat flow surveying." Marine Geology 207, no. 1-4 (June 2004): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2004.04.002.

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Nuñez Escalante, Raby, and Dennis Atencio Valverde. "First report of predation by Bright-rumped Attila (Attila spadiceus) on a Red-eyed Treefrog (Agalychnis callidryas) on the Peninsula de Osa, Costa Rica." Reptiles & Amphibians 28, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 300–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v28i2.15619.

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Solís-Hernández, Wendy, and Eric-J. Fuchs. "Effective gene flow patterns across a fragmented landscape in southern Costa Rica for Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae); a species with mobile seed and pollen dispersers." Revista de Biología Tropical 67, no. 2SUPL (May 13, 2019): S95—S111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v67i2supl.37209.

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In tropical trees, forest fragmentation has been shown to affect mating and gene flow patterns. Mobile dispersal vectors should be less sensitive to fragmented landscapes and may ameliorate the genetic effects of forest fragmentation on plant populations. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed gene flow patterns in Symphonia globulifera, a tropical tree species with highly mobile pollinators and seed dispersers in the Osa Peninsula in southern Costa Rica. We used microsatellites to study genetic diversity and realized gene flow patterns between a continuous forest and a forest fragment. We found high levels of genetic diversity in adults and seedlings at both sites. Parentage analyses suggest near-neighbor matings and frequent long-distance gene flow events. Half the progeny beneath an adult was not sired by that tree and the majority of established seedlings were the result of long-distance gene dispersal. Gene flow from the forest into the fragment was more common than from the fragment into the continuous forests. Despite long distance gene flow events, seedling spatial genetic structure was stronger and extended further in the forest fragment likely due to limited seed dispersal. We conclude that fragmentation affects gene flow in this tropical tree and may compromise its genetic diversity in forest fragments even for a species with mobile pollen and seed vectors.

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Vannucchi, P., K. Ujiie, and N. Stroncik. "IODP Expedition 334: An Investigation of the Sedimentary Record, Fluid Flow and State of Stress on Top of the Seismogenic Zone of an Erosive Subduction Margin." Scientific Drilling 15 (March 1, 2013): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-15-23-2013.

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The Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project (CRISP) is an experiment to understand the processes that control nucleation and seismic rupture of large earthquakes at erosional subduction zones. Integrated Ocean Drililng Program (IODP) Expedition 334 by R/V <i>JOIDES Resolution</i> is the first step toward deep drilling through the aseismic and seismic plate boundary at the Costa Rica subduction zone offshore the Osa Peninsula where the Cocos Ridge is subducting beneath the Caribbean plate. Drilling operations included logging while drilling (LWD) at two slope sites (Sites U1378 and U1379) and coring at three slope sites (Sites U1378–1380) and at one site on the Cocos plate (Site U1381). For the first time the lithology, stratigraphy, and age of the slope and incoming sediments as well as the petrology of the subducting Cocos Ridge have been characterized at this margin. The slope sites recorded a high sediment accumulation rate of 160–1035m m y<sup>−1</sup> possibly caused by on-land uplift triggered by the subduction of the Cocos Ridge. The geochemical data as well as the <i>in situ</i> temperature data obtained at the slope sites suggest that fluids are transported from greater depths. The geochemical profiles at Site U1381 reflect diffusional communication of a fluid with seawater-like chemistry and the igneous basement of the Cocos plate (Solomon et al., 2011; Vannucchi et al., 2012a). The present-day <i>in situ</i> stress orientation determined by borehole breakouts at Site U1378 in the middle slope and Site U1379 in the upper slope shows a marked change in stress state within ~12 km along the CRISP transect; that may correspond to a change from compression (middle slope) to extension (upper slope). <br><br> doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2204/iodp.sd.15.03.2013" target="_blank">10.2204/iodp.sd.15.03.2013</a>

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Vannucchi, Paola, David W. Scholl, Martin Meschede, and Kristin McDougall-Reid. "Tectonic erosion and consequent collapse of the Pacific margin of Costa Rica: Combined implications from ODP Leg 170, seismic offshore data, and regional geology of the Nicoya Peninsula." Tectonics 20, no. 5 (October 2001): 649–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000tc001223.

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Bolz, Angela, and Claudio Calvo. "Eocene resedimented limestone deposits from the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica: slope-apron accumulation in a volcanic forearc environment." Facies 65, no. 2 (January 11, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10347-018-0549-9.

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