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Journal articles on the topic 'Geologists'
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GHAVI, JAMAL. "TO EXPLORE THE UNEXPLORED—A GEOLOGIST'S PATH A MEMOIR OF JOVAN STÖCKLIN (1921–2008)." Earth Sciences History 38, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 403–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6178-38.2.403.
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ABSTRACT This article provides a brief survey of the life and career of Swiss geologist Jovan Stöcklin (1921–2008) with highlights of some of his important findings and extensive references to his published works. Additionally, it includes exclusive information and photographs provided by the late geologist's family. Dr. Stöcklin belonged to a generation of geologists who believed in field geology and followed their conviction that any theories or models needed to be—above all—based on direct observation of nature. Even early in his career, he hungered to conduct large-scale reconnaissance work in areas that were geologically unknown. That is why his expeditions took him to the most remote parts of Iran, where at that time camels were the only means of transportation. He also trekked through the rugged central mountains of Nepal, accompanied by Nepalese geologists and a column of porters. Fieldwork by Dr. Stöcklin and his teams provides modern geologists with much of what we know today about an area thousands of square kilometers in size extending from Iran (Persia) all the way to the central Himalayas. In addition to his native German tongue, Dr. Stöcklin was fluent in French, English, Russian, and Persian. This allowed him to converse with geologists from many different nations, read and correlate their published research, and exposed him to many ideas he might not otherwise have known about. He published his research in many languages as well. Dr. Stöcklin also acquired a comprehensive knowledge of the geology of the Middle East and Central Asia from his extensive travelling. Today's geologists owe many thanks to Dr. Stöcklin. As the reader of this article will come to discover, we have much we can learn from him.
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Kliueva, Vera P. "NOT FOR WOMEN OR WORK ON AN EQUAL FOOTING? GEOLOGISTS’ NARRATIVES ABOUT FIELD WORKS." Ural Historical Journal 78, no. 1 (2023): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2023-1(78)-133-141.
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The article analyzes the gender aspect of geologists’ field work. The question is raised about cases of management of gender in geological professions. The emphasis on field specifics is made because the work of geologists in society is associated with uncomfortable working conditions. The appeal to the difficulties of fieldwork is an argument for characterizing the profession of a geologist as not suitable for women. Probably, for geologists, going to the field was a way to satisfy the need for extreme emotions. Field experience is perceived as an opportunity to test oneself in difficult conditions. Analysis of the collected narratives shows that gender was secondary in the field. The primary role was played by the professional skills of a field geologist. Although there were cases of sexism. The aspects of organizing field work are discussed in detail: distribution of duties and selection of expedition members; living conditions; informal practices of free time. The main method of data collection is a biographical narrative interview. Interviews were conducted with field geologists who worked in the northern regions of the country during the late Soviet period. These narratives were supplemented by published memoirs. The research was conducted in 2014–2021.
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Kuzko, M. "Levels, Criteria and Indicators of the Quality of Future Geologists’ Professional Training in Higher Education." Zhytomyr Ivan Franko state university journal. Рedagogical sciences, no. 1(87) (April 4, 2017): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/pedagogy.1(87).2017.84-87.
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In the context of globalization and technology development future specialist intended not simply to satisfy the requirements of employers for professional knowledge, skills and set of competencies, but also to be purposeful personality with developed leadership skills and awareness of needs in the process of self-development and self- realization. That is why the development of the natural resources industry, representatives of which the future geologists are, is possible only on the condition of the presence of qualified personnel. And because of this the quality of future geologists’ professional training (which is resulting factor of their professional preparation) needs further consideration.
For studying the outlined problems scientific achievements of national and foreign teachers, and current requirements to future geologists covered in the regulations, were analyzed. The study makes it possible to define the following criteria for quality of training: motivational-value (the attitude of the future geologist to the chosen profession and formation of personal qualities for successful professional activity), cognitive (the degree of mastering of theoretical professional knowledge) and activity (degree of practical professional skills), each of whom series of indicators were proposed. Grouping of indicators according to each criterion was conducted considering the possible levels of quality of future geologists’ training. Therefore, to estimation of quality of future geologists’ professional training we have allocated three levels: low, medium and high. Presented description of levels of quality of future geologists’ professional training is not exhaustive and requires further study, the results of which will determine the future path of modernization of future geologists’ professional training.
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TESTA, STEPHEN M. "DR. THOMAS ANTISELL (1817–1893): 19th CENTURY MEDICAL GEOLOGIST." Earth Sciences History 42, no. 2 (July 1, 2023): 353–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-42.2.353.
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ABSTRACT In America, Dr. Thomas Antisell (1817–1893) is best known for his work as a geologist with the Pacific Railroad Survey under Lt. Parke. Prior to his participation with the survey, his background was in medicine, chemistry and geology, with accomplishments in all three areas, notably writing on the geology and soils of his native Ireland. As a political outcast, his arrival in America in 1854 found him teaching chemistry and practicing medicine, until his relationship with fellow Irish botanist and physician John Torrey landed him a position as geologist with that part of the survey exploring portions of southern California, notably the Coastal Range, and southern portions of Arizona and New Mexico. Although his involvement with the survey would be his last large-scale federally-sponsored geological endeavor, he would continue to pursue interests in applied geology, among his other varied interests in medicine and chemistry. These interests would include federal positions as Chemical Examiner with the United States Patent Office, Capital Chemist with the United States Department of Agriculture, surgeon during the Civil War, consultant as a Foreign Advisor in Japan, and Professor at Georgetown University, among other schools of medicine. Although many early American geologists received their academic education at medical schools, and were physicians that made career moves to geology and remained professional geologists throughout their career, Antisell was primarily a physician, with varied interests in applied chemistry and applied geology as evident from his writings. Thus, Antisell is one of America’s early Medical Geologists; a term that would not become familiar and commonplace to the geological community until the 1990s. Moreover, as with other geologists of his time, he got some things right, and others not so, but his work set a geological foundation in new regions of the country, and raised questions that would eventually be addressed more fully by later investigators.
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Frost, Carol, and John Reed. "Dr. John C. Reed, Jr.: Pioneering Geologist, Mountaineer, and Author of Creation of the Teton Landscape." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 36 (January 1, 2013): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2013.3973.
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Few geologists today possess the mountaineering skills to study rocks exposed in the topographically challenging terrain of the Tetons. Even fewer can claim the accomplishment of making the first geologic map of an entire mountain range. One of these pioneering geologists is John C. Reed, Jr., who joined the U.S. Geological Survey in 1953, and who is now scientist emeritus at the U.S. Geological Survey in Denver (Figure 1). In addition to his field geology expertise, Dr. Reed also has a special talent for communicating complex geologic concepts to the public. The purpose of this project was to profile this pioneering mountaineer-geologist and accomplished writer, and to archive his maps, field notes, and photographs for use by future scientists and for the public, particularly park visitors.
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Picard, M. Dane. "Retreating Geologists." Journal of Geological Education 34, no. 2 (March 1986): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5408/0022-1368-34.2.124.
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Cooper, Barry J. "Geologists(’) Travel." Metascience 17, no. 3 (August 27, 2008): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11016-008-9224-z.
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ŞENGÖR, A. M. C. "EDUARD SUESS AND PALAEONTOLOGY: HIS ILLUSTRATIONS." Earth Sciences History 40, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 461–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-40.2.461.
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The very first scientific paper by the great Austrian geologist Eduard Suess (1831–1914), the dean of geologists internationally during his lifetime, treats the graptolites of Bohemia (the ‘Barrandian’). This paper and most of his subsequent papers on palaeontology are accompanied by superb drawings of his observations in which Suess took great care not to insert himself between Nature as he perceived it in the framework of the knowledge of his day and his readers. In his drawings, he exercised what the great German geologist Hans Cloos later called ‘the art of leaving out’. This meant that in the drawings, the parts not relevant to the discussion are left only in outline, whereas parts he wished to highlight are brought to the fore by careful shading; but even the parts left only in outline are not schematic, instead they are careful reconstructions true to Nature as much as the material allowed it. This characteristic of Suess’ illustrations is seen also in his later field sketches concerning stratigraphy and structural geology and also in his depiction of the large tectonic features of our globe representing a guide to his manner of thinking. His illustrations in his early palaeontological work foreshadowed the later global geologist’s approach to our planet (and the Moon!) as a whole.
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Orlov, Viktor, Evgeny Kiselev, Andrey Morozov, Evgeny Farrakhov, Aslambek Germakhanov, Alexander Chernykh, Evgeniya Sidorova, et al. "Youth geological movement as a factor of staff formation within the Russian geological industry." Domestic geology, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47765/0869-7175-2021-10001.
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The paper reviews the background of the Russian youth movement. Succession of children’s and school education in geosciences for over 150 years is shown. For the past 55 years, the Russian geological olympiad of young geologists has been among the most significant events to improve geological education level in school, share experience and promote geological job. Features of organization, holding, judging and team participation in the Russian young geologist olympiads at the current stage are characterized. It's shown the important role played by Rosnedra, ROSGEO and teachers of numerous young geologist clubs in providing school students with ideas of geologist work features and basic geological knowledge for national economy development. Program features and results of the latest XII young geologist olympiad are presented. Information is provided on the most prominent young geologist schools from Perm, Chelyabinsk, Moscow, Krasnoyarsk and other cities
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Davies, Gordon L. Herries. "Geologists in conflict." Nature 316, no. 6028 (August 1985): 491–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/316491a0.
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YOUNG, BRIAN. "Confusing future geologists." Geology Today 6, no. 3 (May 1990): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2451.1990.tb00711.x.
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BUTLER, TOBY. "We are geologists." Geology Today 11, no. 4 (July 1995): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2451.1995.tb00940.x.
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HALSTEAD, BEVERLY. "Geologists' Association response." Nature 346, no. 6283 (August 1990): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/346406a0.
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Evans, JOHN M. "Geologists' Association response." Nature 346, no. 6283 (August 1990): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/346406b0.
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Treagus, Susan H. "Physics for Geologists." Journal of Structural Geology 18, no. 4 (April 1996): 530–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8141(96)80006-x.
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Andel, Tjeerd. "EDUCATING GEOLOGISTS FOR???" Terra Nova 7, no. 4 (July 1995): 474–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1995.tb00547.x.
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Philp, R. P. "Biomarkers for geologists." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 57, no. 19 (October 1993): 4862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(93)90206-c.
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Rose, Arthur W. "Biomarkers for Geologists." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 48, no. 3 (August 1993): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(93)90014-d.
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Spencer, Jon. "The First Geologists?" GSA Today 34, no. 3-4 (February 2024): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/gsatg581a.1.
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Melosh, H. J. "Impact geologists, beware!" Geophysical Research Letters 44, no. 17 (September 9, 2017): 8873–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017gl074840.
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Kalenskyi, Andrii A., and Viktor V. Melnyk. "КРИТЕРІЇ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ГЕОЛОГІВ ДО ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ГЕОІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ." Information Technologies and Learning Tools 67, no. 5 (October 30, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v67i5.2232.
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The article substantiates the criteria for assessing the preparedness of future geologists from college graduates - to use geoinformation systems (hereinafter - GIS) and technologies (hereinafter - GIT) in their future professional activities and defines the indicators of these criteria. We have proved that when purposeful implementation of the system of pedagogical conditions regarding their preparation for the use of GIS there are significant potential opportunities for geologists to form geo-informational competence in them as an integral part of their information competence as a professional subject. Proving the readiness to use GIS, taking into account the structure and content of geo-informational competence, we have taken into account the theoretical and practical aspects of their preparation. The process of mastering the complex of intellectual, activity and subjective capabilities and the formation of the main types of readiness (professional, personal, psychological) for the application of GIS in the process of realizing their competences for a specific post is described. These are the following criteria: value-motivational, professional-cognitive, technological, individual-psychological and subjective. We have proved that such a system of criteria makes it possible to comprehensively diagnose the preparedness of future geologists for the professional use of GIS in their professional activities. In particular, these criteria give an opportunity to find out their positive attitude to the chosen specialty - the geologist and to the application of GIS and GIT in the process of professional activity as a subject of geological existence; formation and development of internal motivation to master this specialty and its modern information technologies, including directly geological; the formation and development of a system of special professional knowledge, skills and abilities in many branches of science, which forms the basis of the theoretical ability of a geologist to work on modern GIS; formation and development of special practical abilities of GIT as a subject of specific - geological - being; formation of professionally important qualities and professional, informational and geoinformational - thinking of a geologist, necessary for work on modern GIS; formation the subject of geoinformation activity in the field of geology. We discovered that due to the fact that the geologist at the same time is a geological subject (in the direction of preparation), such geoinformation activities (as an expert in the field of geology) of activities, he must have formed professionally important qualities that contribute to the successful implementation of official competencies in the information society as a geological worker.
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Baars, Christian. "The fossil collections of Sir Thomas Franklin Sibly (1883-1948), geologist and gifted administrator." Geological Curator 9, no. 7 (July 2012): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc72.
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National Museum Wales in Cardiff houses a collection of approximately 560 fossils from the Carboniferous Limestone collected by Sir Thomas Franklin Sibly during a five-year period when he was Professor of Geology at University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire in Cardiff. Throughout his career as a geologist, Sibly authored and co-authored almost a dozen publications on the Carboniferous geology of the Mendips, the Forest of Dean and South Wales. He worked with and learned from geologists such as Arthur Vaughan (1868-1915) and Charles Lapworth (1842-1920), and himself influenced the research choices of eminent geologists such as Frank Dixey (1892-1982), Arthur Trueman (1894-1956) and Thomas Neville George (1904-1980). Sibly later became a university administrator but retained a professional interest in geology and continued some of his research. He donated rocks and fossils to various British museums and universities although it seems that only a fraction of these survives to this day.
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Gupta, Deepak Parkash. "Role of Geologists During Tunnel Construction and Face Mapping to Decide the Required Tunnel Support." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 2080–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38320.
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Abstract: The stability of underground structures is an important aspect during design, construction and execution Phase. Depending on the geotechnical conditions and influencing factors, different failure modes during execution mode can be expected, and depending on the potential failure modes, boundary conditions and specific construction measures to ensure stability have to be chosen. The most important is developing a realistic estimate of the expected ground conditions and their potential behaviour/failure modes as a result of the excavation. The variability of the geological conditions including local ground structure, ground parameters, stress and ground water conditions requires that a consistent and specific procedure is used. The other is to design an economic and safe excavation and support method for the determined ground behaviours. The discussion of role of geologists during design stage is beyond the scope of the present study. The main objective of this study is to present the role of geologists during the construction stage. Keywords: Geologist, Stress, Behaviour, RMR, Q Value, RQD, Rock Mass
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Tchoumatchenco, Platon, Michel Durand-Delga, Jean Ricour, and Michel Wiazemsky. "Geologists of Russian origin in the francophone countries." Boletín Geológico y Minero 127, no. 2-3 (September 30, 2016): 711–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.127.2-3.029.
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Many ethnic Russian geologists have lived and worked in Francophone countries. We describe in this paper the life and career of geologists (i.e. all Earth scientists - geologists, mineralogists, tectonicians, geophysicists, geochemists, paleontologists, mining and drilling engineers, hydrogeologists, cosmos - geologists, etc.), regardless of their original nationality (Russians, Ukrainians, Tatars, Germans, etc.) born in the territory of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union or the Russian Federation.
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Williams, Dean K. "Capture Codes for Better Geology." SEG Discovery, no. 128 (January 1, 2022): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/segnews.2022-128.fea-01.
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Abstract Automated core logging technology is starting to replace geologists in the core shed. Often-cited justifications for this include increased speed, multivariate sensors, and the perception that manual logging can be subjective and produces inconsistent data. An alternative is to keep the geologists and replace subjectivity with objectivity. The common practice of selecting lithology from a predetermined list of rock types can force subjective decisions. These lead to data inconsistencies that tend to increase as the rocks become progressively hydrothermally altered. A system of capture codes following the maxim, “first observe, then interpret,” is proposed as a tool to improve coding consistency and collect geologic data with greater resolution. The codes capture empirical geologic observations in a systematic and comprehensive fashion to produce a compact, computer-friendly format that facilitates data synthesis, analysis, and 3-D visualization. Capture codes do not replace any existing project or standardized company summary codes for rock types, alteration facies, or degree and style of mineralization. They capture the underlying, specific geologic observations required to make correct and consistent summary code categorizations. In other words, capture codes are empirical data, while summary codes are often subjective labels. Utilization of the codes improves the understanding of the project geology and consistency in coding between geologists, while simultaneously strengthening their field skills. After reading this article, a geologist should be able to pick up any rock and capture code the lithology and, if applicable, its alteration and mineralization as well.
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ROSE, EDWARD P. F. "PROMOTING MILITARY GEOLOGY FOR 200 YEARS: SENIOR GEOLOGISTS OF THE BRITISH ARMY 1826 TO 2026." Earth Sciences History 42, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-42.1.1.
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ABSTRACT During the nineteenth century, geology was perceived by the British Army as a military science, and two geological survey departments outside Great Britain were pioneered by Royal Engineer officers in the rank of captain: J. W. Pringle, J. E. Portlock and Henry James nearly successively in Ireland between 1826 and 1846; H. G. Lyons in Egypt from 1896 to 1898 and then, as a civilian, until 1909. During World War I, the Welsh-born Australian T. W. Edgeworth David and the Canadian R. W. Brock served on attachment to the Royal Engineers in the rank of major, David as the senior of two geologists in appointment as such with the British Army in France and Belgium 1916–1919, Brock in Palestine 1918–1919. (David was rewarded by promotion to lieutenant-colonel ten days before the end of hostilities). During World War II, between 1939 and 1945, W. B. R. King, F. W. Shotton, J. V. Stephens, W. A. Macfadyen, J. L. Farrington and D. R. A. Ponsford plus the South Africans H. F. Frommurze and G. L. Paver (and possibly also H. Digby Roberts) all achieved the rank of major whilst in appointment as geologists serving with British forces, complemented in the Far East by Majors A. J. Haworth and A. N. Thomas supervised by E. J. Bradshaw for the Indian Army. (King was rewarded with promotion to lieutenant-colonel in October 1943, when released from the Army to take up appointment as Woodwardian Professor of Geology at the University of Cambridge). During the remaining twentieth century, N. L. Falcon, D. R. A. Ponsford, A. W. Woodland, A. F. Fox, Frank Moseley, R. M. S. Perrin, S. C. L. Hobden, L. R. M. Cocks and J. C. Eaton became geologist majors in the British reserve army, and five majors were promoted to be geologist lieutenant colonels: T. G. Miller 1964–1967, N. F. Hughes 1967–1970, P. I. Manning 1971–1972, E. P. F. Rose 1978–1987 (colonel 1987–1990) and M. S. Rosenbaum 1995–2001. Thereafter, a post for a geologist lieutenant colonel became established in the British reserve army, an appointment held by R. I. L. Dow 2006–2011, S. R. S. Matthews 2011–2014, M. H. K. Bulmer 2014– 2019, A. G. Craig 2019–2022, and S. R. S. Matthews again from 2022, each supported by one or two geologist majors. In 200 years, about 21 British military geologists achieved the final rank of major and only 11 the higher rank of lieutenant colonel (the highest rank yet to be attained by a geologist to serve operationally as such in the British Army). Overall, they helped to pioneer and to promote an innovative range of military applications of geology.
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Knill, J. L. "The engineering geologist as an expert witness." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 4, no. 1 (1987): 629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1987.004.01.80.
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AbstractThere is an increasing role for the engineering geologist to act as an expert witness in matters involving planning, arbitration and litigation. The witness, whether of opinion or fact, has the duty to provide evidence clearly and honestly in assisting the hearing to come to balanced decision. Illustrative examples are drawn upon to highlight aspects of importance. The adversarial legal system in England and Wales provides a framework within which the principles, philosophy and adequacy of the work of engineering geologists can be challenged.
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Lark, R. M., S. Thorpe, H. Kessler, and S. J. Mathers. "Interpretative modelling of a geological cross section from boreholes: sources of uncertainty and their quantification." Solid Earth 5, no. 2 (November 28, 2014): 1189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-5-1189-2014.
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Abstract. We conducted a designed experiment to quantify sources of uncertainty in geologists' interpretations of a geological cross section. A group of 28 geologists participated in the experiment. Each interpreted borehole record included up to three Palaeogene bedrock units, including the target unit for the experiment: the London Clay. The set of boreholes was divided into batches from which validation boreholes had been withheld; as a result, we obtained 129 point comparisons between the interpreted elevation of the base of the London Clay and its observed elevation in a borehole not used for that particular interpretation. Analysis of the results showed good general agreement between the observed and interpreted elevations, with no evidence of systematic bias. Between-site variation of the interpretation error was spatially correlated, and the variance appeared to be stationary. The between-geologist component of variance was smaller overall, and depended on the distance to the nearest borehole. There was also evidence that the between-geologist variance depends on the degree of experience of the individual. We used the statistical model of interpretation error to compute confidence intervals for any one interpretation of the base of the London Clay on the cross section, and to provide uncertainty measures for decision support in a hypothetical route-planning process. The statistical model could also be used to quantify error propagation in a full 3-D geological model produced from interpreted cross sections.
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de Graff, Jerome V. "Ensuring Successful Landslide Investigation During an Emergency Response." Environmental and Engineering Geoscience 25, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/eeg-2165.
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ABSTRACT When a destructive landslide happens, geologists may be recruited to be part of the team carrying out the emergency response. An emergency response situation requires geologists to quickly acquire needed geologic information during an intense and stressful assignment. There are five significant operational approaches that are essential to ensure success in this situation. First, the geologists should fully understand and remain focused on the objectives of the response mission. Second, the landslide area must be accessed safely when collecting needed data. From a team standpoint, an injury negatively affects available data and time. Third, the landslide information that is developed must be reliable within the context of the mission and be obtainable within a limited time. Fourth, given the constraints on data collection imposed by an emergency response situation, the degree of uncertainty associated with the findings will need to be explained to ensure subsequent decision-making is done on a sound basis. Fifth, the information needs to be communicated to different audiences, who will range from individual team members to groups of people affected by the landslide. Whether providing documentation or making a presentation, the geologist will need to engage them by explaining the landslide information so it speaks to their needs. Experience gained serving on teams for a huge landslide damming a river in Dominica, West Indies, in 1997 and a large rock slide that buried a major highway in California in 2006 illustrate these important aspects for ensuring success when investigating landslides during an emergency response.
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Salvesen, Christopher, and John Wyatt. "Wordsworth and the Geologists." Modern Language Review 93, no. 1 (January 1998): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3733665.
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Ogawa, M. "MANTLE CONVECTION FOR GEOLOGISTS." American Mineralogist 99, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2014.621.
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Bichteler, Julie. "Geologists and Gray Literature." Science & Technology Libraries 11, no. 3 (May 14, 1991): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j122v11n03_04.
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Oldroyd, David. "The Substrata of Geologists." Metascience 13, no. 1 (March 2004): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:mesc.0000023274.03555.41.
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Brahic, Catherine. "Mystery hum puzzles geologists." New Scientist 197, no. 2644 (February 2008): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(08)60450-9.
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Worth, D. H. "Planning for engineering geologists." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 4, no. 1 (1987): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1987.004.01.02.
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AbstractCommencing with a brief historical outline of past planning of towns this paper considers in outline the land use planning process as decision making in the use of land. It considers the legal basis for planning in England and Wales (parallel legislation exists in Scotland) and discusses the functions of planning authorities in plan making, control of development and research and intelligence. It comments on the qualifications and education of planners with particular reference to recent changes of particular relevance to communication of technical (particularly engineering geology) information to planners. It indicates the political nature of planning decision making by elected representation.
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Ivanov, Alexander S., and Vasily V. Rashevsky. "THE NORTH IN THE “BIG” AND “GRAND” NARRATIVES OF GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION." Ural Historical Journal 74, no. 1 (2022): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2022-1(74)-164-172.
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Based on the analysis of a series of biographical interviews, the article attempts to present the elaboration of the socio-cultural concept of “North” as part of the socially determined process of structuring the biographies of members of the professional team of geologists, to include the memory of the team of geologists in the broad socio-cultural context of the era. The analysis of various types of narratives (“big” and “grand”) of geological exploration allows the authors to trace the creation of a chain of interconnected stories that connect us with the community of historical origin and the totality of their experiences. The article shows that the abstract images of the North, in the stories of ordinary geologists, as a territory of progress and advanced development, are replaced by the metaphor of “construction through whole life”, which connects their individual northern experiences, linking them to buildings, organizations and figures of the past and present. F. K. Salmanov was a figure of memory who integrated the “big” narratives of the participants of geological exploration into the “pyramid” of narratives of All-Russian memory. His “grand” version of the narratives goes beyond the “North”. The post-Soviet texts are imbued with the motives of the emancipation of the geological community, and Salmanov himself is represented in them as the creator of a professional community with not only northern, but a unique Siberian experience. The geologist’s use of scale-switching practices marks steps towards transforming the “big” narrative of F. K. Salmanov’s contribution to the “grand” history on a national scale, and texts in the service of the present and future of geological community and the entire country.
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Lindsay, Debra. "Prototaxites Dawson, 1859 or Nematophycus Carruthers, 1872: Geologists V. Botanists in the Formative Period of the Science of Paleobotany." Earth Sciences History 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 35–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.24.1.w17736157821482p.
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A fossil plant found in the Devonian rocks of the Gaspé Peninsula of Canada provoked a heated debate in the late 19th century. When geologist John William Dawson identified it as an early land plant resembling a conifer (1859), he was challenged by botanist William Carruthers who argued it was a giant alga (1872). Until recently most scientists have tended to agree with Carruthers, but recent analysis suggest that neither Carruthers nor Dawson were fully correct. This paper focuses on the historical origins of the Prototaxites-Nematophycus debate, specifically on the role the debate played in the process of establishing methods within a new sub-field of paleontology. In large measure, Dawson and Carruthers disagreed over the identity and classification of this specimen because of their scientific training and areas of specialization. Carruthers and other botanists argued that the geologists who tended to dominate paleontology knew little about plant morphology and even less about the crucial identifying characteristics of the organs of fruitification. Alternatively, geologists, such as Dawson, had provided concepts and methods (eg. stratigraphy, mineralogy, geological time-scale) to paleontology, and they were not about to relinquish authority earned in previous decades.
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Beaton, Brian. "Crafting a Work Persona in 1970s Petroleum Geology." Persona Studies 1, no. 2 (October 30, 2015): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/ps2015vol1no2art468.
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Taking inspiration from a 1972 study by Allan Sekula that concerned everyday shifts in subjectivity among a set of industrial and technical workers, this paper looks at work persona production in petroleum geology, a profession at the centre of the global oil industries and oil capitalism. Persona production is part of how petroleum geologists explain themselves and their controversial work to one another, and how they manage individual celebrity within their expert community. Taking as its data source obituaries and death notices that circulated inside the profession over the course of the 1970s, the paper concentrates on a specific persona created by petroleum geologists as part of their ritualized mourning practices. Findings presented within the paper show that obituaries and death notices were used to collaboratively craft a work persona that is thoroughly disconnected from energy politics and controversy: the imagined figure of the petroleum geologist that emerges is someone who is rugged, righteous, loving, fraternal, and deeply connected to nature. The stakes of this research concern not only work personas and their histories, but also the material underpinnings of contemporary cultural production and ongoing debates over energy forms and futures.
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Erz, Emily. "Unmanned aerial systems, geology’s newest aerial technology." Mountain Geologist 59, no. 3 (August 15, 2022): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.59.3.261.
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The original geologist toolkit includes: a hand lens, compass, rock hammer, writing instrument and a field notebook, paired with a love for the outdoors and the desire to understand the earth and the processes that shape it. Today, the latter part remains true, but the toolkit has innumerous variations that can provide multitudes of new information, by enhancing accuracy, altering perspectives, and offering completely new capabilities. It has been said that in the last 100 years humanity has entered a ‘technological renaissance.’ This rapid period of innovation and exploration includes a significant amount of observation equipment like digital cameras, global positioning systems (GPS), satellites, drones, and even smartphones. Widespread, accessible surveillance devices certainly pose a serious threat to privacy, but the ‘eye(s) in the sky’ can be used for good as well. The foundation of science is solid observation and geologists have many things to observe. Geologists work tirelessly to evaluate and mitigate geologic hazards such as floods, mass movements, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) also known as drones, can carry observatory equipment into the most dangerous or inaccessible places during and after these catastrophic events without compromising safety to gather data.
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Kravitz, Gadi. "Analogical arguments in geology." Forestry Research and Engineering: International Journal 5, no. 1 (July 27, 2022): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/freij.2022.05.00101.
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Analogical inference is widely used in geology research as a crucial technique for deriving conclusions and constructing hypotheses about the geology of Earth and other planetary bodies. Deriving conclusions by analogical reasoning in geology is no trivial matter and can even be quite complex, especially when applied to processes which occurred in the distant past (deep time) or to geological processes that are taking place (or have taken place) on other planetary bodies. In such cases, analogical reasoning might lead the geologist astray, to the extent of his reaching mistaken conclusions. Many geologists, like most people, use analogy intuitively, without always being aware of how the process works or of its pitfalls. Lack of such knowledge often leads to hasty, incorrect analogical argument, and consequently to incorrect conclusions. Since it is my view that some of these mistakes can be prevented through a better understanding of analogical inferencing and the problems involved, I develop in this paper key issues relating to analogical argument, and suggest means for preventing bad analogies. It is to be hoped that the following presentation will increase awareness among geologists and perhaps thereby succeed in preventing incorrect analogical inferences.
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Read, John, and Alan Guest. "Role of Exploration Geologists in Geotechnical Engineering of Open-Pit Mines." SEG Discovery, no. 133 (April 1, 2023): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/geo-and-mining-19.
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Abstract The process followed by geotechnical engineers when designing open-pit mine slopes requires a specialized knowledge of the geology of a prospective orebody and the host terrain. The sooner this information is obtained, the earlier that geotechnical engineers will be able to prepare conceptual slope designs, which will enable the deposit owner to assess whether the project is technically feasible and economically viable. The first information will usually come from early district- to mine-scale outcrop mapping and drilling by exploration geologists. To be of maximum use to geotechnical engineers, the data collected by exploration geologists must be recorded in a manner that supports the rock mass classification and strength assessment used by geotechnical engineers for mine design studies. The essentials that exploration geologists need to know when performing this task underscore why close working relationships between exploration geologists and engineering geologists are essential to improve the geotechnical outcomes in open-pit mines. Our objective is to encourage exploration geologists to extract the maximum mining-related data and information possible from rock outcrops and exploration drill holes, within the limitation of the exploration budget for discovery and mineral resource definition. The types of data that geotechnical engineers use in open-pit slope design include geologic, structural, rock mass strength, and hydrogeological data. Most exploration geologists are not trained as geotechnical engineers, and collecting geotechnical data of the quality required by engineers will be beyond the responsibility and experience of many of them. However, early discussion with a geotechnical engineer will assist exploration geologists in designing a drill core logging format that will collect the most important data that the engineer requires, within the constraints of discovering and defining the mineral resource.
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Oreskes, Naomi. "Why I Am a Presentist." Science in Context 26, no. 4 (October 30, 2013): 595–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026988971300029x.
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Both geologists and historians study the past, but they have divergent views of the present. Geologists are unambiguously presentist. They believe that the observable present is a crucial resource in understanding the past, because in the observable present we can see and study the processes that have occurred in the unobservable past. For geologists, it is largely uncontroversial that the past not only can but should be interpreted with reference to the present.
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Newcorab, Sally. "The Ideas of A.G. Werner and J. Hutton in America." Earth Sciences History 9, no. 2 (January 1, 1990): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.9.2.vwv66j323567vv13.
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American geologists of the early 19th century became proficient in field and laboratory work. They read widely and were in contact with other American geologists as well as those in Europe. In the first 20 years of the century lectures in mineralogy and geology were begun, study collections formed, and laboratories and equipment became available. The ideas of James Hutton on igneous origin for rocks, and those of Abraham Gottlob Werner on rock deposition from water solution or suspension, were part of the reasoning of geologists working in America. Those geologists, as exemplified by T. Cooper, Wm. Maclure, S.L. Mitchill, A. Bruce, B. Silliman, and P. Cleaveland, added to the descriptive literature in geology, and evaluated theory from their experience.
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Atlasova, S. S. "Kimberlite team at the XIV all-Russian open field Olympiad for young geologists." Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University Series "Earth Sciences", no. 4 (December 19, 2023): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25587/2587-8751-2023-4-5-11.
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This article is about the XIV All-Russian open field Olympiad for young geologists. Subject Olympiads are a competition of students where participants demonstrate their skills and knowledge in certain disciplines. The children's and youth geological movement in Russia has a very rich history. Today, in the country, the promotion of geological knowledge among schoolchildren is carried out in accordance with the training program, innovative programs introduced as part of the implementation of the priority national project "Education". The All-Russian fields Olympiads for young geologists are held by the Federal Agency for Subsoil Use in different regions of Russia every two years. The organizers of the Olympiad hope that thanks to the movement of young geologists, a new generation of highly professional specialists will grow up. The novelty of the article is the description of the participation in 2023 of a team of schoolchildren from Yakutia in the XIV All-Russian Field Olympiad in Geology in Tatarstan. The experience of the Yakut team Kimberlit should help the next participants of the Olympiad from the republic. Competitions and contests of the Olympiad are original, require non-standard thinking and flexibility of mind. However, many of the tasks of the Olympiad are composed by analogy with previous years. Therefore, an effective way to prepare is to know the specifics of the tasks of the Olympiads of previous years. Observation of the Kimberlite team during the competition allows us to state that the Geology Olympiad provides not only knowledge and skills, but also the experience of human communication, physical training, and everything that is necessary for a real geologist. Participation in the Olympiad is a great responsibility, especially for a representative of a subject of the federation.
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Rose, Edward P. F. "‘Abstract from Geology at the Western Front’ by T. W. Edgeworth David." Earth Sciences History 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-34.1.1.
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The central text of this paper has been transcribed directly from the handwritten, unpublished ‘Abstract of Notes' by Tannatt William Edgeworth David (1858–1934), an Australian geologist of great distinction, from which he lectured at the Geological Society of London on 26 February 1919. He was then en route home to Australia after serving on the Western Front, across parts of Belgium and northern France, in the First World War—as the senior of two geologists at General Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force. His text provides the first overall account of military applications of geology on a battlefield by any geologist to serve as such in action with British troops. An introduction, illustrations, references, footnotes and concluding discussion have been added by E. P. F. Rose to amplify (and slightly amend) David's hastily-compiled personal record.
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Kovářová, Kateřina, Jan Schröfel, and Svatoslav Chamra. "Role of the Geologists in the Process of Monuments Ashlar Masonry Repair." Advanced Materials Research 688 (May 2013): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.688.93.
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The aim of the contribution is introduce the role of the geologist in the process of the restoration of monuments ashlars masonry. Within the frame of our project, we participate on the reconstruction of battlements of the castle Kost, which were built predominantly from sandstones. These stones undergo to weathering processes and so they are damaged. Therefore, it has been necessary to restore and even change some blockstones. In cooperation with the experts from other branches, especially restorers and preservationists, the building blocks suitable for exchange were selected and the new replacement rock material was chosen. As it is obvious from the process of this reconstruction, the participation of geologists is indispensable.
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Brush, Stephen. "The Age of the Earth in the Twentieth Century." Earth Sciences History 8, no. 2 (January 1, 1989): 170–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.8.2.l555205161r6pvu3.
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At the end of the nineteenth century, Lord Kelvin's upper limit of only 20 or 30 million years for the age of the Earth was challenged by the American geologist T. C. Chamberlin, who showed that Kelvin's model of an Earth gradually cooling from an initial molten state was not the only possible one. Kelvin's limit was soon afterwards repealed by the new science of radioactivity, which yielded ages of a few billion years. While some geologists resisted this expanded time-scale, Chamberlin was the only one who could provide a comprehensive cosmogonical theory that did not submit to the epistemological superiority of physics and astronomy. In the 1940s, as radiometric age determinations improved in accuracy, they came into conflict with the expanding-universe cosmology — a conflict which the cosmologists eventually avoided by expanding their distance and time scales. In 1953, Patterson announced the result 4.5 billion years, which is still accepted as the best estimate for the age of the Earth. But geologists, liberated from Kelvin's limit, define the epoch of the Earth's formation as being outside the scope of their science, and their textbooks rarely give credit to the person who established the number that once seemed so important to accounts of the Earth's history.
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Murphy, Phillip J. "The geologist down your street: three famous geologists from a small town in Lancashire, England." Geology Today 36, no. 3 (May 2020): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gto.12303.
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Burns, Marjorie. "Geologists' Use of Dynamic Language." Journal of Geological Education 34, no. 3 (May 1986): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.5408/0022-1368-34.3.195.
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Natal’in, B. A. "Edward Suess and Russian geologists." Geodynamics & Tectonophysics 2, no. 3 (2011): 289–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.5800/gt-2011-2-3-0047.
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