Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geological heterogeneity

Academic literature on the topic 'Geological heterogeneity'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Geological heterogeneity"

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Fedorov, A. E., A. A. Amineva, I. R. Dilmuhametov, V. A. Krasnov, and A. V. Sergeychev. "Analysis of geological heterogeneity in geological stochastic modeling." Neftyanoe khozyaystvo - Oil Industry 9 (2019): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-9-24-28.

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Martin, C. D., and N. A. Chandler. "Stress heterogeneity and geological structures." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 30, no. 7 (December 1993): 993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(93)90059-m.

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Bagirov, B. A. "Mathematical methods revealing geological heterogeneity." Mathematical Geology 21, no. 6 (August 1989): 639–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00898124.

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Bockhorn, Britta, Knud Erik Strøyberg Klint, Marina Bergen Jensen, and Ingelise Møller. "Use of geological mapping tools to improve the hydraulic performance of SuDS." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 10 (March 18, 2015): 1492–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.125.

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Most cities in Denmark are situated on low permeable clay rich deposits. These sediments are of glacial origin and range among the most heterogeneous, with hydraulic conductivities spanning several orders of magnitude. This heterogeneity has obvious consequences for the sizing of sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS). We have tested methods to reveal geological heterogeneity at field scale to identify the most suitable sites for the placement of infiltration elements and to minimize their required size. We assessed the geological heterogeneity of a clay till plain in Eastern Jutland, Denmark measuring the shallow subsurface resistivity with a geoelectrical multi-electrode system. To confirm the resistivity data we conducted a spear auger mapping. The exposed sediments ranged from clay tills over sandy clay tills to sandy tills and correspond well to the geoelectrical data. To verify the value of geological information for placement of infiltration elements we carried out a number of infiltration tests on geologically different areas across the field, and we observed infiltration rates two times higher in the sandy till area than in the clay till area, thus demonstrating that the hydraulic performance of SuDS can be increased considerably and oversizing avoided if field geological heterogeneity is revealed before placing SuDS.
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Shuleikin, Vladimir. "Atmospheric Electricity, Geological Heterogeneity and Hydrogeological Processes." Proceedings 1, no. 5 (July 17, 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecas2017-04145.

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Shurygin, D. N., V. M. Kalinchenko, and V. V. Shutkova. "INTERPOLATION ERROR ESTIMATION CONSIDERING GEOLOGICAL SPACE HETEROGENEITY." MINING INFORMATIONAL AND ANALYTICAL BULLETIN 5 (2018): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2018-5-0-113-121.

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Linsel, Adrian, Sebastian Wiesler, Joshua Haas, Kristian Bär, and Matthias Hinderer. "Accounting for Local Geological Variability in Sequential Simulations—Concept and Application." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9060409.

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Heterogeneity-preserving property models of subsurface regions are commonly constructed by means of sequential simulations. Sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS) and direct sequential simulation (DSS) draw values from a local probability density function that is described by the simple kriging estimate and the local simple kriging variance at unsampled locations. The local simple kriging variance, however, does not necessarily reflect the geological variability being present at subsets of the target domain. In order to address that issue, we propose a new workflow that implements two modified versions of the popular SGS and DSS algorithms. Both modifications, namely, LVM-DSS and LVM-SGS, aim at simulating values by means of introducing a local variance model (LVM). The LVM is a measurement-constrained and geology-driven global representation of the locally observable variance of a property. The proposed modified algorithms construct the local probability density function with the LVM instead of using the simple kriging variance, while still using the simple kriging estimate as the best linear unbiased estimator. In an outcrop analog study, we can demonstrate that the local simple kriging variance in sequential simulations tends to underestimate the locally observed geological variability in the target domain and certainly does not account for the spatial distribution of the geological heterogeneity. The proposed simulation algorithms reproduce the global histogram, the global heterogeneity, and the considered variogram model in the range of ergodic fluctuations. LVM-SGS outperforms the other algorithms regarding the reproduction of the variogram model. While DSS and SGS generate a randomly distributed heterogeneity, the modified algorithms reproduce a geologically reasonable spatial distribution of heterogeneity instead. The new workflow allows for the integration of continuous geological trends into sequential simulations rather than using class-based approaches such as the indicator simulation technique.
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Yu, Jiang Tao, Jin Liang Zhang, and Shuang Yan Chen. "Application of Three-Dimensional Fine Geological Modeling in Complex Fault-Block Reservoir with Low Permeability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 511-512 (February 2014): 779–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.511-512.779.

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Three dimensional geologic modeling is a powerful tool for reservoir development stages of geological study, it can solves many traditional problems existing in geological research through the establishment of precise three dimensional geologic modeling and represents an important direction for the further development of oilfield geological research. Low permeability and thin interbed reservoir of complex fault block have the characteristics of severe heterogeneity, complex relations of oil-water distribution, poor development effect, it is necessary to built high precision three dimensional geologic modeling in the process of oilfield exploration and to fine reservoir description and prediction on this basis, finally reach the purpose of reduce the risk of development and improve the economic benefit. This paper makes geological modeling research and builds structural models sedimentary micro-facies models and phased property model for Zhuzhuang block of Jiangsu oilfield by utilizing three dimensional geologic modeling technique and petrel geology modeling software on the basis of integrated using of geology, logging, oil production test, production of dynamic information, thus it provide a solid basis for reservoir's development and adjustment.
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Colucci, Francesca, and Fabio Moia. "Thermal Response Tests and effects of geological heterogeneity." Rendiconti online della Società Geologica Italiana 32 (November 2014): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3301/rol.2014.142.

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Nguyen, Hung Quoc, and Lan Cao Mai. "ON THE INVESTIGATION OF UPSCALING METHODS WITH THE PURPOSE OF RETAINING THE GEOLOGICAL HETEROGENEITY IN THE SIMULATION MODEL FOR TE GIAC TRANG FIELD." Science and Technology Development Journal 14, no. 2 (June 30, 2011): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v14i2.1915.

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Geological model is normally built with huge number of grid cells (106 – 107 cells) in order to model in details the geological heterogeneity of an oil field. Although increasingly developed nowadays, modern computers would be faced with substantial problems size in reservoir simulation. Upscaling the geological model before running numerical simulation, therefore, is greatly important to reduce the simulation model size while retaining the geological heterogeneity of the oil field. This paper presents an overview of fundamental background on upscaling methods and reports research results in applying various upscaling methods as well as suggests the most suitable methods for Te giac trang oilfield.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geological heterogeneity"

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Matti, Boris. "Geological heterogeneity in landslides : characterization and flow modelling /." Lausanne : EPFL, 2008. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=4156.

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Thèse Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, no 4156 (2008), Faculté de l'environnement naturel, architectural et construit ENAC, Programme doctoral Environnement, Institut des infrastructures, des ressources et de l'environnement ICARE (Laboratoire de géologie de l'ingénieur et de l'environnement GEOLEP). Dir.: Aurèle Parriaux, Laurent Tacher.
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Mohammed, Mubeen Lee Jejung. "Effect of geological heterogeneity on permeable reactive barriers in groundwater remediation." Diss., UMK access, 2006.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Dept. of Geosciences. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2006.
"A thesis in urban environmental geology." Typescript. Advisor: Jejung Lee. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Jan. 29, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-62). Online version of the print edition.
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Taggart, Samantha. "Quantifying the impact of geological heterogeneity on hydrocarbon recovery in marginal aeolian reservoirs." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504905.

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Tian, Liang. "CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers : Models for geological heterogeneity and large domains." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-279382.

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This work presents model development and model analyses of CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers. The goal has been two-fold, firstly to develop models and address the system behaviour under geological heterogeneity, second to tackle the issues related to problem scale as modelling of the CO2 storage systems can become prohibitively complex when large systems are considered. The work starts from a Monte Carlo analysis of heterogeneous 2D domains with a focus on the sensitivity of two CO2  storage performance measurements, namely, the injectivity index (Iinj) and storage efficiency coefficient (E), on parameters characterizing heterogeneity. It is found that E and Iinj are determined by two different parameter groups which both include correlation length (λ) and standard deviation (σ) of the permeability. Next, the issue of upscaling is addressed by modelling a heterogeneous system with multi-modal heterogeneity and an upscaling scheme of the constitutive relationships is proposed to enable the numerical simulation to be done using a coarser geological mesh built for a larger domain. Finally, in order to better address stochastically heterogeneous systems, a new method for model simulations and uncertainty analysis based on a Gaussian processes emulator is introduced. Instead of conventional point estimates this Bayesian approach can efficiently approximate cumulative distribution functions for the selected outputs which are CO2 breakthrough time and its total mass. After focusing on reservoir behaviour in small domains and modelling the heterogeneity effects in them, the work moves to predictive modelling of large scale CO2  storage systems. To maximize the confidence in the model predictions, a set of different modelling approaches of varying complexity is employed, including a semi-analytical model, a sharp-interface vertical equilibrium (VE) model and a TOUGH2MP / ECO2N model. Based on this approach, the CO2 storage potential of two large scale sites is modelled, namely the South Scania site, Sweden and the Dalders Monocline in the Baltic Sea basin. The methodologies developed and demonstrated in this work enable improved analyses of CO2 geological storage at both small and large scales, including better approaches to address medium heterogeneity. Finally, recommendations for future work are also discussed.
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Aldhuwaihi, Abdulaziz. "Upscaling polymer flooding to model sub-grid block geological heterogeneity and compensate for numerical dispersion." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45364.

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Secondary polymer flooding can significantly improve oil recovery over that obtained by waterflooding. This is achieved principally by improving the water-oil mobility ratio and thus reducing channelling. There are, however, several polymer-specific mechanisms (such as adsorption, mixing, permeability reduction, non-Newtonian flows) that make it more difficult to model numerically compared with waterflooding. Upscaling reservoir properties for reservoir simulation is one of the most important steps in the workflow for building robust dynamic simulation models. It is necessary to reduce computing time and resources when it is not possible to run multiple high resolution models (e.g. as in evaluating the impact of geological uncertainty). This is normally achieved by modifying the inputs to reservoir simulation to represent the influence of sub-grid block heterogeneities on large scale flow and also to compensate for numerical dispersion. At the time of writing there are no accepted methods for upscaling polymer flooding. This study investigates the possibility of creating a methodology to upscale the permeability, the relative permeability, and polymer properties such as adsorption and non-Newtonian flow index. This helps to better represent the secondary polymer flood process by accounting for sub-grid block heterogeneity and compensate for numerical dispersion. The proposed methodology consists of four stages: First, the absolute permeability is upscaled using any of the available upscaling techniques in the literature. This will allow representing the effects of geological heterogeneity on pressure. Second, the effective relative permeability curves are calculated to represent these heterogeneities on the flood front conformance. Third, traditional dynamic pseudo methods are used to compensate for numerical dispersion. Finally, upscale polymer properties to better represent the average polymer concentration distribution in the reservoir. An experimental design has been conducted to identify which polymer property have the most effect in polymer flood simulation. Both the experimental design and the proposed methodology have been demonstrated on a series of 1D and 2D runs with various heterogeneity levels. An alternative method is also presented which is based on volume averaging of properties. This is similar to the pseudoization techniques used for the upscaling the relative permeability with the addition of pseudoizing both adsorption and polymer viscosity in order to accurately represent track the polymer front in the coarse grid model. this method is also tested using several 1D and 2D cases with different permeability distributions.
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Olofsson, Christofer. "The significance of heterogeneity for spreading of geologically stored carbon dioxide." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-155474.

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The demand for large scale storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) grows stronger as incentives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are introduced. Geological storage sites such as depleted oil and gas reservoirs, unminable coal seams and deep saline water-saturated aquifers are a few of many possible geological storage sites. Geological formations offer large scale storage potential, hidden locations and are naturally occurring world wide. A disadvantage is the difficulty to investigate the properties of storage material over large areas. Reservoir simulation studies addressing issues of heterogeneous reservoirs are growing in number. There is still much to investigate however this study adds to the field by investigating the significance of the heterogeneity in hydraulic conductivity based on core sample data. The data was received from the main CO2 injection site Heletz, Israel in the European Union Seventh Framework Programme for research and technological development (EU FP7) project MUSTANG (CO2MUSTANG, 2011-03-13). By developing models using iTOUGH2/ECO2N, the aim of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of how the average permeability, variance in permeability and spatial correlation of the reservoir properties affect the distribution of CO2 within the deep saline aquifer target layer. In this study a stochastic simulation approach known as the Monte Carlo method is applied. Based on core sample data, geostatistical properties of the data are determined and utilized to create equally probable realizations where properties are described through a probability distribution described by a mean and variance as well as a constructed semivariogram. The results suggest that deep saline aquifers are less storage effective for higher values of average permeability, variance in permeability and spatial correlation. The results also indicate that the Heletz aquifer, with its highly heterogeneous characteristics, in some extreme cases can be just as storage effective as a deep saline aquifer ten times as permeable consisting of homogeneous sandstone.
Incitament för minskningar av växthusgaser har på senare tid ökat efterfrågan för storskalig lagring av koldioxid (CO2). Geologiska lagringsplatser som exploaterade olje- och gasreservoarer, svårutvunna kollager och djupt belägna salina akvifärer är exempel på potentiella lagringsplatser. Sådana geologiska formationer erbjuder storskalig lagring, dold förvaring och är naturligt förekommande världen över. Dock finns det stora svårigheter i att undersöka de materiella egenskaperna för hela lagringsområden. Simuleringsstudier som hantera frågor gällande reservoarers heterogenitet växer i antal. Det finns fortfarande mycket kvar att undersöka och denna studie bidrar till detta forskningsområde genom att undersöka betydelsen av heterogenitet i hydraulisk konduktivitet för spridningen av koldioxid med hjälp av uppmätt brunnsdata. Data erhölls från lagringsplatsen Heletz i Israel som är den huvudsakliga lagringplatsen i projektet MUSTANG är en del av den Europeiska Unionens sjunde ramprogram för forskning och teknisk utveckling (EU FP7), (CO2MUSTANG, 2011/3/13). Genom att utveckla modeller med hjälp av programvaran iTOUGH2/ECO2N är syftet med denna studie att bidra till en bättre förståelse för hur den genomsnittliga permeabilitet, varians i permeabilitet samt rumslig korrelation av reservoaregenskaper påverkar fördelningen av CO2 i den djupa saltvattenakvifären Heletz. Denna studie använde sig av stokastisk simulering genom att tillämpa Monte Carlo-metoden. Med hjälp av tidigare uppmätt brunnsdata kunde geostatistiska egenskaper bestämmas för att skapa ekvivalent sannolika realiseringar. De geostatistiska egenskaperna beskrevs med en sannolikhetsfördelning genom medelvärde och varians samt ett konstruerat semivariogram. Resultaten tyder på att djupa saltvattenakvifärer är mindre lagringseffektiva vid högre värden av genomsnittlig permeabilitet, varians i permeabilitet och rumslig horisontell korrelation. Resultaten visar även att Heletz akvifär, med dess mycket heterogena egenskaper, i extrema fall kan vara lika lagringsineffektiv som en djupt belägen saltvattenakvifär med tio gånger högre genomsnittlig permeabilitet.
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Rasoazanamparany, Christine. "Chemical and Isotopic Studies of Monogenetic Volcanic Fields: Implications for Petrogenesis and Mantle Source Heterogeneity." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1442325486.

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Sech, Richard Paul. "Quantifying the Impact of Geological Heterogeneity on Gas Recovery and Water Cresting, with Application to the Columbus Basin Gas Fields, Offshore Trinidad." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487286.

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Numerous gas field developments worldwide have maximised profitability by utilising high productivity, large-bore horizontal completions. However, this production strategy is associated with significant risk in reservoirs with a large component of water-drive, particularly if the gas column is thin, the structural relief is small, and the reservoir is producing from only one or two wells. Rapid water influx ('cresting') can lead to early water breakthrough which effectively 'kills' the well. Predicting the time to breakthrough requires proper consideration of the interaction between reservoir properties and production strategy. We present an integrated geoscience and engineering study to quantify the impact of depositional heterogeneity on gas-water fluid flow behaviour when horizontal wells are produced at high rates in the presence of a bottom water aquifer. Gas production is simulated from a reservoir model of a single shoreface-shelf parasequence, that is conditioned to' high-resolution outcrop data. Novel surface-based modelling techniques ensure that cr\rical heterogeneities are captured without recourse to upscaling. The model is representative of gas reservoirs in the Columbus Basin, offshore Trinidad and Tobago, which are currently being developed using a small number of high rate horizontal wells. We find that an understanding of well location with respect to the spatial distribution of non-reservoir. units is critical to managing production rate and delaying water break1hrough. This is because enhanced recovery occurs when heterogeneity is suppressing cresting, rather than because production is 'outrunning' the aquifer. Furthermore, when the well is protected from water cresting, aquifer support is actually observed to improve ultimate recovery. Simulation models should possess sufficient geological detail to describe the location and 3D architecture of baffles to flow. Other aspects of the reservoir description, such as permeability contrasts between facies, are much less significant. Our results explain how material balance approaches can be interpreted to improve predictions of production performance when there is a significant risk of water cresting, or the aquifer response is modified by depositional heterogeneity.
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Mahmoudzadeh, Batoul. "Modeling Solute Transport in Fractured Rocks-Role of Heterogeneity, Stagnant Water Zone and Decay Chain." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Kemisk apparatteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-141778.

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A model is developed to describe solute transport and retention in fractured rocks. It accounts for the fact that solutes not only can diffuse directly from the flowing channel into the adjacent rock matrix composed of different geological layers but can also at first diffuse into the stagnant water zone occupied in part of the fracture and then from there into the rock matrix adjacent to it. Moreover, the effect of radioactive decay-chain has also been studied in the presence of matrix comprising different geological layers. In spite of the complexities of the system, the analytical solution obtained for the Laplace-transformed concentration at the outlet of the flowing channel can conveniently be transformed back to the time domainby use of e.g. De Hoog algorithm. This allows one to readily include it into a fracture network modelorachannelnetwork model to predictnuclide transport through channels in heterogeneous fracturedmedia consisting of an arbitrary number of rock units withpiecewise constant properties. Simulations made in this study indicate that, in addition to the intact wall rock adjacent to the flowing channel, the stagnant water zone and the rock matrix adjacent to it may also lead to a considerable retardation of solute in cases with a narrow channel. The results further suggest that it is necessary to account for decay-chain and also rock matrix comprising at least two different geological layers in safety and performance assessment of the repositories for spent nuclear fuel. The altered zone may cause a great decrease of the nuclide concentration at the outlet of the flowing channel. The radionuclide decay, when accounted for, will drastically decrease the concentration of nuclides, while neglecting radioactive ingrowth would underestimate the concentration of daughter nuclides.

QC 20140224

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PETER, COSTANZO. "Capturing reservoir production uncertainty for channelized reservoirs using channel amalgamation indexes." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2644036.

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One of the main concerns in reservoir studies is to accurately define the internal architecture and the geological characteristics of the reservoir so as to estimate the amount of hydrocarbons that could be recovered for a given development strategy. This can represent a major challenge especially during the appraisal stage of a reservoir, because the information available is still very limited, or in the presence of geological heterogeneities, which increase the architectural complexity and the uncertainty associated to the internal description, such as in channelized depositional settings. At the appraisal stage of a reservoir study, all the uncertainties affecting the quantity and distribution of hydrocarbons in the reservoir should be captured and accounted for in the evaluation of the final hydrocarbon recovery to properly assess the viability of any development plan. A typical modeling workflow accounting for geological uncertainties consists in creating a large set of 3-D stochastic geological (static) models from a set of geological input parameters. Subsequently, a few representative reservoir realizations are selected out of this set based on the calculated hydrocarbons originally in place and simulated to estimate future production so as to propagate the uncertainty onto the final recovery factors. However, even in homogeneous reservoirs, the estimation of the hydrocarbon stored in the reservoir can be affected by uncertainties because it is calculated mostly from local petrophysical parameters, which might not be representative of the rock properties at the reservoir scale. This especially applies to channelized reservoirs characterized by depositional elements with high geological heterogeneity, both in the lateral and in the vertical directions. Thus for these depositional settings a more attractive criterion for the model selection is offered by the study of the connectivity layout of the reservoir elements. In the technical literature, connectivity is defined through numerical indexes that account for geological connectivity between reservoir elements, which might not be indicative of reservoir production performance. In fact, the latter is influenced by the degree of connectivity among sand bodies and only deep merging of the channels guarantees that the reservoir can be efficiently drained by just a few wells. Therefore, in the first place, the present study was aimed at thoroughly investigating the validity of the indexes previously proposed in the technical literature by evaluating the reservoir production uncertainty associated to sets of synthetic equi-probable models of channelized oil reservoirs. Secondly, the goal of the research was to develop new indexes to express the channel connectivity, capable of incorporating information on the quality of the connectivity through the evaluation of channel amalgamation. When applied to the same set of reservoir equi-probable realizations, these indexes proved that a more effective selection of the geological realizations can be made to capture the uncertainty affecting the forecasted reservoir production performance.
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Books on the topic "Geological heterogeneity"

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Fogg, Graham E. Reservoir modeling of restricted platform carbonates: Geologic/geostatistical characterization of interwell-scale reservoir heterogeneity, Dune Field, Crane County, Texas. Austin, Tex: Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas at Austin, 1990.

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Rubin, Yoram. Applied Stochastic Hydrogeology. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195138047.001.0001.

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Stochastic Subsurface Hydrogeology is the study of subsurface, geological heterogeneity, and its effects on flow and transport process, using probabilistic and geostatistical concepts. This book presents a rational, systematic approach for analyzing and modeling subsurface heterogeneity, and for modeling flow and transport in the subsurface, and for prediction and decision-making under uncertainty. The book covers the fundamentals and practical aspects of geostatistics and stochastic hydrogeology, coupling theoretical and practical aspects, with examples, case studies and guidelines for applications, and provides a summary and review of the major developments in these areas.
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With, Kimberly A. Essentials of Landscape Ecology. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198838388.001.0001.

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Essentials of Landscape Ecology is a new, comprehensive text that presents the principles, theory, methods, and applications of landscape ecology in an engaging and accessible format, supplemented by numerous examples and case studies from a variety of systems, including freshwater and marine “scapes.” Human activity has transformed landscapes worldwide on a scale that rivals or exceeds even the largest of natural forces, giving rise to a new geological age, the Anthropocene. As humans alter the structure and function of landscapes, the biological diversity and ecological relationships within those landscapes are also inevitably altered, to the extent that this may interfere with humanity’s efforts to sustain the productivity and multifunctional use of these landscapes. Landscape ecology has thus emerged as a new, multidisciplinary science to investigate the effects of human land use and environmental heterogeneity on ecological processes across a wide range of scales and systems: from the effects of habitat or resource distributions on the individual movements, gene flow, and population dynamics of plants and animals; to the human alteration of landscapes affecting the structure of biological communities and the functioning of entire ecosystems; to the sustainable management of natural resources and the ecosystem goods and services upon which society depends.
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Facies Variability and Geologic Controls on Reservoir Heterogeneity in Deepwater Slope Reservoirs in the Pennsylvanian Cisco Group, Lake Trammel South Field, Nolan County, Texas. University of Texas at Austin Bureau of Economic Geology, 2022.

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Claussen, Martin, Anne Dallmeyer, and Jürgen Bader. Theory and Modeling of the African Humid Period and the Green Sahara. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.532.

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There is ample evidence from palaeobotanic and palaeoclimatic reconstructions that during early and mid-Holocene between some 11,700 years (in some regions, a few thousand years earlier) and some 4200 years ago, subtropical North Africa was much more humid and greener than today. This African Humid Period (AHP) was triggered by changes in the orbital forcing, with the climatic precession as the dominant pacemaker. Climate system modeling in the 1990s revealed that orbital forcing alone cannot explain the large changes in the North African summer monsoon and subsequent ecosystem changes in the Sahara. Feedbacks between atmosphere, land surface, and ocean were shown to strongly amplify monsoon and vegetation changes. Forcing and feedbacks have caused changes far larger in amplitude and extent than experienced today in the Sahara and Sahel. Most, if not all, climate system models, however, tend to underestimate the amplitude of past African monsoon changes and the extent of the land-surface changes in the Sahara. Hence, it seems plausible that some feedback processes are not properly described, or are even missing, in the climate system models.Perhaps even more challenging than explaining the existence of the AHP and the Green Sahara is the interpretation of data that reveal an abrupt termination of the last AHP. Based on climate system modeling and theoretical considerations in the late 1990s, it was proposed that the AHP could have ended, and the Sahara could have expanded, within just a few centuries—that is, much faster than orbital forcing. In 2000, paleo records of terrestrial dust deposition off Mauritania seemingly corroborated the prediction of an abrupt termination. However, with the uncovering of more paleo data, considerable controversy has arisen over the geological evidence of abrupt climate and ecosystem changes. Some records clearly show abrupt changes in some climate and terrestrial parameters, while others do not. Also, climate system modeling provides an ambiguous picture.The prediction of abrupt climate and ecosystem changes at the end of the AHP is hampered by limitations implicit in the climate system. Because of the ubiquitous climate variability, it is extremely unlikely that individual paleo records and model simulations completely match. They could do so in a statistical sense, that is, if the statistics of a large ensemble of paleo data and of model simulations converge. Likewise, the interpretation regarding the strength of terrestrial feedback from individual records is elusive. Plant diversity, rarely captured in climate system models, can obliterate any abrupt shift between green and desert state. Hence, the strength of climate—vegetation feedback is probably not a universal property of a certain region but depends on the vegetation composition, which can change with time. Because of spatial heterogeneity of the African landscape and the African monsoon circulation, abrupt changes can occur in several, but not all, regions at different times during the transition from the humid mid-Holocene climate to the present-day more arid climate. Abrupt changes in one region can be induced by abrupt changes in other regions, a process sometimes referred to as “induced tipping.” The African monsoon system seems to be prone to fast and potentially abrupt changes, which to understand and to predict remains one of the grand challenges in African climate science.
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Book chapters on the topic "Geological heterogeneity"

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Kobranova, V. N. "Heterogeneity of Geological Bodies." In Petrophysics / ПЕТРОФИЗИКА, 19–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09244-6_2.

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Geehan, G. W., and A. J. Pearce. "Geological Reservoir Heterogeneity Databases and Their Application to Integrated Reservoir Description." In North Sea Oil and Gas Reservoirs — III, 131–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0896-6_10.

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Luther, Emmanuel E., Seyed M. Shariatipour, Michael C. Dallaston, and Ran Holtzman. "Solute Driven Transient Convection in Layered Porous Media." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 3–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63916-7_1.

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AbstractCO2 geological sequestration has been proposed as a climate change mitigation strategy that can contribute towards meeting the Paris Agreement. A key process on which successful injection of CO2 into deep saline aquifer relies on is the dissolution of CO2 in brine. CO2 dissolution improves storage security and reduces risk of leakage by (i) removing the CO2 from a highly mobile fluid phase and (ii) triggering gravity-induced convective instability which accelerates the downward migration of dissolved CO2. Our understanding of CO2 density-driven convection in geologic media is limited. Studies on transient convective instability are mostly in homogeneous systems or in systems with heterogeneity in the form of random permeability distribution or dispersed impermeable barriers. However, layering which exist naturally in sedimentary geological formations has not received much research attention on transient convection. Therefore, we investigate the role of layering on the onset time of convective instability and on the flow pattern beyond the onset time during CO2 storage. We find that while layering has no significant effect on the onset time, it has an impact on the CO2 flux. Our findings suggest that detailed reservoir characterisation is required to forecast the ability of a formation to sequester CO2.
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Baouche, Rafik, K. Boutaleb, and R. Chaouchi. "Effect of Petrophysical and Sedimentological Properties on the Heterogeneity of Carbonate Reservoirs: Impact on Production Parameters." In Latest Advancements in Underground Structures and Geological Engineering, 118–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34178-7_10.

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Walsh, Deirdre A., Javier López-Cabrera, and Tom Manzocchi. "The Suitability of Different Training Images for Producing Low Connectivity, High Net:Gross Pixel-Based MPS Models." In Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences, 127–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19845-8_10.

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AbstractPixel-based multiple-point statistical (MPS) modelling is an appealing geostatistical modelling technique as it easily honours well data and allows use of geologically-derived training images to reproduce the desired heterogeneity. A variety of different training image types are often proposed for use in MPS modelling, including object-based, surface-based and process-based models. The purpose of the training image is to provide a description of the geological heterogeneities including sand geometries, stacking patterns, facies distributions, depositional architecture and connectivity. It is, however, well known that pixel-based MPS modelling has difficulty reproducing facies connectivity, and this study investigates the performance of a widely-available industrial SNESIM algorithm at reproducing the connectivity in a geometrically-representative, idealized deep-water reservoir sequence, using different gridding strategies and training images. The findings indicate that irrespective of the sand connectivity represented in the training image, the MPS models have a percolation threshold that is the same as the well-established 27% percolation threshold of random object-based models. A more successful approach for generating poorly connected pixel-based MPS models at high net:gross ratios has been identified. In this workflow, a geometrical transformation is applied to the training image prior to modelling, and the inverse transformation is applied to the resultant MPS model. The transformation is controlled by a compression factor which defines how non-random the geological system is, in terms of its connectivity.
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Zhang, Jinpeng, Zhibin Liu, Songyu Liu, Qibing Wei, Yi Wang, and Liangliang Lu. "Study on Influence of Geological Heterogeneity on Migration of LNAPL in Contaminated Site Through Numerical Analysis." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 834–41. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2221-1_95.

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Karson, Jeffrey A., and Gail L. Christeson. "Comparison of Geologic and Seismic Structure of Uppermost Fast-Spreading Oceanic Crust: Insights From a Crustal Cross-Section at the Hess Deep Rift." In Heterogeneity in the Crust and Upper Mantle, 99–129. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0103-9_4.

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Tashiro, Takashi. "Landscape Sequence and Fluvial Ecosystem of the Kushida River with Particular Reference to Its Basin Geologic Heterogeneity." In Basic and Clinical Environmental Approaches in Landscape Planning, 99–111. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54415-9_6.

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Slatt, Roger M., Sandra Phillips, Jeremy M. Boak, and Martin B. Lagoe. "Scales of Geologic Heterogeneity of a Deep-Water Sand Giant Oil Field, Long Beach Unit, Wilmington Field, California." In Frontiers in Sedimentary Geology, 263–92. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0160-9_12.

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Anderson, Mary P. "Characterization of geological heterogeneity." In Subsurface Flow and Transport, 23–43. Cambridge University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511600081.003.

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Conference papers on the topic "Geological heterogeneity"

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R. Olhoeft, Gary. "Geophysical Observations Of Geological, Hydrological And Geochemical Heterogeneity." In 7th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.208.1994_009.

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Olhoeft, Gary R. "Geophysical Observations of Geological, Hydrological and Geochemical Heterogeneity." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 1994. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2922059.

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Audigane, P. D., D. Guerillot, S. Viseur, E. Mouche, and J. Rohmer. "H-CUBE Project - Hydrodynamics, Heterogeneity, and Homogeneization in CO2 Storage Modeling." In Fourth EAGE CO2 Geological Storage Workshop. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20140079.

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Wen, R. "Geological Process-Oriented Heterogeneity Modeling – Methodology and Case Study." In EAGE Conference on Petroleum Geostatistics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201403108.

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D. Gates, I., and D. Gotawala. "Correlation between SAGD Steam Chamber Growth and Geological Heterogeneity." In IOR 2009 - 15th European Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201404849.

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Ciolac, Valeria, Casiana Mihut, Adalbert Okros, Lucian Dragomir, and Diana-Alina Bodea. "STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF THE GEOLOGICAL SUBSTRATUM ON VEGETATION USING MODERN METHODS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/2.1/s11.52.

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The main objective of the study is the analysis of the effects of the geological substrate and of the geomorphological diversity on the characteristics of the vegetation (the diversity of species, the diameter of the trees). The study area is made up of the Cioclovina karst area and the crystalline area near it, which are located in the Dacian Plateau in the ?ureanu Mountains. Within the study, a series of geomorphological variables were calculated to establish geomorphological heterogeneity, namely: slope, slope exposition, soil drainage, land humidity index, and water erosion power. These variables were calculated using the SAGA GIS program. After the variables were derived, they were divided into classes, transformed from raster into polygon and aggregated into a single layer using the union function, to get all variables in the attribute table. Subsequently, the layer resulting from the unification of the variables was, in turn, united by using the union function with a Grid with a 2-ha resolution made with the function Created fishnet. Finally, each cell of the grid was classified into high geomorphological heterogeneity or low geomorphological heterogeneity. These operations were performed in the ArcGIS Desktop program version 10.7.1. In the two analysis areas located in the ?ureanu Mountains, for areas with high/low morphological heterogeneity values correspond to values of diversity indices of high/low forest species. Within the analysis performed, the results between the correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and diversity indices were different between the karst area and the crystalline area. In the karst area, the correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and the Shannon index is positive. Also, in the karst area, the correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and the dominance of species and that between species heterogeneity and the average diameter is negative. In the crystalline area, the correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and the richness of species as well as that between heterogeneity and the Shannon diversity index is negative. The correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and the dominance of species as well as between heterogeneity and the average diameter is positive, because the land humidity index is high.
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Ashraf, M., K. A. Lie, H. M. Nilsen, and A. Skorstad. "Impact of Geological Heterogeneity on Early-stage CO2 Plume Migration." In 12th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20145012.

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Tamayo-Mas*, E., H. Mustapha, and R. Dimitrakopoulos. "Testing Alternative Geological Heterogeneity Representations for Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques." In Petroleum Geostatistics 2015. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201413613.

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Senters, Chad, Swathika Jayakumar, Mark Warren, Robert Woodroof, and Richard Leonard. "Engineering Fracture Geometry by Acknowledging Geological Heterogeneity to Maximize Productivity." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201443-ms.

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Chafiq, Tarik, Rida Azmi, Hassane Jarar Oulidi, and Ahmed Fekri. "The integrity of the schematic heterogeneity of Moroccan geological databases." In 2017 International Conference on Wireless Technologies, Embedded and Intelligent Systems (WITS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wits.2017.7934621.

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Reports on the topic "Geological heterogeneity"

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Phillips, F., J. Wilson, and A. Gutjahr. A geological approach to characterizing aquifer heterogeneity. Completion report, 1990--1994. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/656638.

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Myers, S., S. Larsen, J. Wagoner, B. Henderer, D. McCallen, J. Trebes, P. Harben, and D. Harris. Applying Seismic Methods to National Security Problems: Matched Field Processing With Geological Heterogeneity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15009742.

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Scammell, R. J., R. G. Berman, G. J. Pringle, and J. A. R. Stirling. Automated microprobe analysis of compositional zoning and heterogeneity in thin section: a facility for making high-resolution compositional maps at the Geological Survey of Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/205212.

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Menzie, D. E. Dispersion measurement as a method of quantifying geologic characterization and defining reservoir heterogeneity. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/71301.

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Brown, Stephen R. Heterogeneity and Scaling in Geologic Media: Applications to Transport in the Vadose and Saturated Zones. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/838403.

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Brown, Stephen R. Heterogeneity and Scaling in Geologic Media: Applications to Transport in the Vadose and Saturated Zones. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/838441.

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Menzie, D. E. Dispersion measurement as a method of quantifying geologic characterization and defining reservoir heterogeneity. Annual report, July 12, 1990--September 12, 1991. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10192980.

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Menzie, D. E. Dispersion measurement as a method of quantifying geologic characterization and defining reservoir heterogeneity. [Quarterly] report, July 12, 1993--October 12, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10131416.

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Menzie, D. E. Dispersion measurement as a method of quantifying geologic characterization and defining reservoir heterogeneity. Annual report, July 12, 1992--July 12, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10133117.

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Kopaska-Merkel, D. C., S. D. Mann, and B. H. Tew. Geologic setting, petrophysical characteristics, and regional heterogeneity patterns of the Smackover in southwest Alabama. Draft topical report on Subtasks 2 and 3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10163799.

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