Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Géographie du bois'
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Young, Vigneault Emilie. "Étude dendroarchéologique d'une collection de bois associée à des constructions militaires de la fin du 18e siècle, Île aux Noix, Haut-Richelieu, Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27190/27190.pdf.
Full textIdring'i, Ade Nyori. "Problèmes d'approvisionnement des villes tropicales en vivres, eau, bois et charbon de bois : cas de Kisangani, Zaïre." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30023.
Full textA study of supply conditions to Kisangani town in Zaire and the inferences of its growth on agricultural, animal, water and energy (timber, fire wood, charcoal) resources either from the town's outskirts and neighbouring areas in relationship to its harbour or industrial and small scale production from within
Figueroa, Adolfo. "Le bois comme matériau de construction : une alternative au problème de concentration urbaine au Venezuela." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30033.
Full textVenezuela through its historical and geographical evolution presents urban concentration of its population. Wood used as material construction is considered as a solution to the housing problem
Dussaud, Patrice. "Peuplement et occupation du sol des bois de Saintonge occidentale de la fin de l'antiquité au milieu du XVIe siècle." Bordeaux 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR30006.
Full textLaprise, Nathalie. "Utilisation de l'imagerie numérique aéroportée (capteurs Daedalus et Meis) pour identifier différents niveaux de perturbations d'un feu de forêt." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq26833.pdf.
Full textBallet, Alexandra. "L'ornement dans les bordures des panneaux en marqueterie de bois de l'Italie de la Renaissance : histoire, stylistique et géographie artistique d'un répertoire ornemental." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOL021.
Full textWood inlays (the tarsia lignea) were first made in Italy in the fourteenth century Sienese workshops before reaching all cultural centers of the peninsula. The Quattrocento witnesses the development and dissemination of this decorative technique, which applies to its creations and with much precision both perspective and theory of painting (large sets of choirs and sacristy, private furniture) developed during the same period in mathematics.The inlaid panels are highlighted by ornamental borders whose rich and varied repertory is still unknown.Their great diversity reflects an extensive experience of the principles of composition and variation of the basic forms and rationalization, simultaneously, this research does not exclude the free play of the invention to the ideal of varietas
Pelletier, Claude. "Méthodologie de détection des feux de forêt à partir d'images satellitaires NOAA." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62002.pdf.
Full textBigot, Christophe. "Cinématique de décomposition et rôle de protection pare-pierres du bois mort : le cas des rémanents." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058599.
Full textAvocat, Hélène. "Approche géographique des approvisionnements en plaquettes forestières des chaufferies du secteur collectif/tertiaire: Application au Pays Loue-Lison et à la Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Besançon." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00910142.
Full textRaton, Gwenaelle. "Les foires au Mali : de l'approvisionnement urbain à l'organisation de l'espace rural : le cas de la périphérie de Bamako." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934935.
Full textRouaud, Romain. "Les forêts de pente de la haute vallée de la Dordogne : enjeux écologiques et énergétiques d'une ancienne forêt charbonnée (Auvergne, Limousin, France)." Phd thesis, Université de Limoges, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00928478.
Full textMaxe, Charlotte. "Impact d’un élevage en fût de chêne sur les caractéristiques physico-chimiques et organoleptiques des vins de base champenois." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCK026.
Full textThe environmental characteristics of oak wood (geographical origin and species), as well as the cooperage practices, can affect the physico-chemical and molecular properties of barrels, and consequently the wines vinified and aged in them. This impact of wood ageing on champagne base wines has hardly ever been studied to date, whereas this practice has been implemented for several years by some Champagne houses. However, the characteristics of these base wines (acidity, alcohol content) as well as the will to avoid woody aroma like for still wines, require further scientific knowledge on the mechanisms that can contribute, for example, to improve the oxidative stability and the organoleptic complexity of these wines. This thesis project is aimed at characterizing the physico-chemical and sensory impacts of barrel vinification and barrel ageing on champagne base wines, by specifically selecting woods originating from Champagne forests. Different physic-chemical analytical approaches (antioxidant capacity, oenological parameters…), molecular approaches (ellagitannins, metabolome) and sensory approaches will be implemented in model systems and in real conditions of wine ageing in order to develop tools for adapting wood ageing to base wines. Particular attention will be paid to the characterization of discriminant molecular fractions of species and geographical origins of woods from Champagne forests to give a local ecosystem dimension to this project
Montardet, Marc. "Fonctionnement démographique et sélection de l'habitat d'une population en phase d'expansion géographique : cas de la gelinotte des bois dans les alpes du sud, France." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA2066.
Full textMontadert, Marc. "Fonctionnement démographique et sélection de l'habitat d'une population en phase d'expansion géographique. Cas de la Gélinotte des bois dans les Alpes du Sud, France." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00337937.
Full textAvocat, Helene. "Approche géographique des approvissionnements en plaquettes foréstières des chaufferies du secteur collectif/tertiaire : application au Pays Loue-Lison et à la Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Besançon." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1048.
Full textIn a context of strong increase of fuelwood demand in the collective sector, the supply issue becomes central to all stakeholders, raising many issues relating to land and forestry planning, local development, environment ... Meanwhile, questions emerge: how much energy can be mobilized sustainably? Does the spatial and structural configuration of forests influence the supply process? Do we seek to minimize transport distances? Can we observe spatial competition between the boilers ? To understand the current organization of supplies, we analyzed two sets of data traceability of wood chips. Then, we have developed a model of local supply basins, considering constraints of renewability of the resource, and conflicts of use, by combining various information sources: vegetation index derived from satellite imagery, forest mapping and production tables. The objective of this approach was dual : to determine the quantity of forest chips workable on a territory, and to highlight the spatial competition between the different basins supply, and the contribution of different tree species. This has enabled to show the importance of the energy potential of isolated trees, to our knowledge not previously evaluated in a sub-regional scale
Avocat, Helene. "Approche géographique des approvisionnements en plaquettes forestières des chaufferies du secteur collectif/tertiaire : application au pays Loue-Lison et à la communauté d'agglomération du grand Besançon." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1048/document.
Full textIn a context of strong increase of fuelwood demand in the collective sector, the supply issue becomes central to all stakeholders, raising many issues relating to land and forestry planning, local development, environment ... Meanwhile, questions emerge: how much energy can be mobilized sustainably? Does the spatial and structural configuration of forests influence the supply process? Do we seek to minimize transport distances? Can we observe spatial competition between the boilers ? To understand the current organization of supplies, we analyzed two sets of data traceability of wood chips. Then, we have developed a model of local supply basins, considering constraints of renewability of the resource, and conflicts of use, by combining various information sources: vegetation index derived from satellite imagery, forest mapping and production tables. The objective of this approach was dual : to determine the quantity of forest chips workable on a territory, and to highlight the spatial competition between the different basins supply, and the contribution of different tree species. This has enabled to show the importance of the energy potential of isolated trees, to our knowledge not previously evaluated in a sub-regional scale
Moulin, Bertrand. "Variabilité spatiale et temporelle du bois mort dans le réseau hydrographique de l'Isère à l'amont de Grenoble." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00532671.
Full textMathieu, Valentin. "Wood, Cities, and Trade : An Economic Analysis of the Global Urban Demand for Wood Products and the Dynamics of International Wood Trade." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0267.
Full textTo achieve sustainable development and sustainable natural resource management, a thorough understanding of the various factors that contribute to the wood economy, as well as an accurate forecast of wood supply and demand, are essential. Such analyses rely on models, referred to in this thesis as "wood trade flow models" when studying wood production, trade and consumption. The use of models to explain and predict economic phenomena comes up against several methodological difficulties. Given these difficulties, how can we assess a model's ability to conduct such analyses? This thesis considers three essential and interdependent aspects of modeling to assess a model's ability to achieve its objectives. The first is whether the theoretical framework of models can be tested empirically. The second aspect is to determine whether a model takes into account factors that are important for the heuristic and predictive analysis of economic phenomena. The third aspect concerns the availability and quality of data on which a theory can be tested and from which factors can be identified and quantified. This thesis is structured around these three aspects and is divided into four chapters. The first two chapters deal with two of the modeling aspects considered: (i) the factors taken into account or to be taken into account in modeling the wood economy, and (ii) the development of models based on empirically testable theories. The last two chapters deal with the third aspect of modelling: data quality and its implications for modelling. The aim of this thesis is to conduct a review of the factors considered in modeling wood trade flows, and to propose an economic analysis of urban demand for wood and international trade in wood products. Chapter 1 presents a meta-analysis of wood trade flow modeling concepts. It concludes that economic models rely on a narrow set of factor categories, thus neglecting other important factors, such as urbanization. Chapter 2 develops a spatial model of urban demand for wood. By taking urbanization into account as a factor in the global wood economy, the model offers a realistic and accurate representation of forest economic phenomena, suggesting a crucial role of urban dynamics in shaping the global wood economy. Chapter 3 highlights several discrepancies between export and import data, and proposes a method for accounting for measurement errors in trade analyses. This chapter suggests that these discrepancies are significant, and that failing to correct models for errors in trade data biases model results. Chapter 4 performs a network analysis of the roundwood trade. Although this analysis is primarily descriptive, it provides a realistic and mechanistic model for assessing the structure of the trade network and its dynamics. The scientific contributions of this thesis are threefold: it proposes new methods for modeling the global wood economy, integrates urban dynamics as a factor shaping the global wood economy, and highlights a need for best practices in the analysis of wood product trade. It addresses global issues by highlighting the need to anticipate future urban demand for wood, questions the effectiveness of economic regulation policies applied to forests and wood products, and suggests commercial strategies aimed at minimizing market risks
Hajj, Fadi. "Utilisation des isotopes stables et radiogéniques du strontium pour tracer la provenance des bois : application à des épaves sous-marines." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0334.
Full textIn the Early Modern Age (16th - 18th centuries), the construction of ocean-going ships was paramount to the development of cultural encounters in what became the Age of Discovery and European expansion. Spain was one of the biggest forces of that time. The European project “ForSEAdiscovery” seeks answers in this context to the following key questions: Could Spanish forest resources sustain the increasing demand of timber, or were the wood imported from elsewhere? If Spanish forests were not the only wood supplier, how were the trade networks organized? This project will address these questions through a multidisciplinary and innovative training research program to improve the understanding of our historical past, our cultural heritage, and our knowledge of the use of resources for shipbuilding. The objective of this PhD thesis, taking part of this project, is to identify the provenance of the Iberian shipbuilding wood using geochemical tracers. The hypothesis is that trees growing on contrasted rocks and soils have specific geochemical signatures, which can be an indicator of geographic provenance. In this context, the Sr isotopic signature (87Sr/86Sr) was characterized in shipwreck wood samples and wood from living trees, soils and rocks collected from the Spanish forest stands indicated as potential source of wood between the 16th - 18th centuries. The δ88/86Sr signatures were also characterized in the samples. The rock types and ages were characterized at the selected sites and the link between the 87Sr/86Sr and δ88/86Sr in rocks, soils and trees was studied on the sampled Spanish sites. The local signature of Spanish potential sites was determined for provenance of wood. Our results indicate that 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios in trees reflect the signature of the corresponding soil exchangeable pool while δ88/86Sr was shown to be affected by mass-dependent fractionation with trees taking up lighter (86Sr) isotopes, leaving the soil exchangeable pool enriched with the heavier isotopes (88Sr). This fractionation observed for oak trees, was not found in pines suggesting that the isotopic fractionation during tree uptake is species dependent. The contamination of wood from shipwrecks by seawater elements was identified. Marine Sr was found to be adsorbed on the wood or included in the precipitated minerals in the waterlogged wood. Several extraction experiments were tested and an adapted protocol was developed to extract the seawater elements and retrieve the original signature of the archaeological wood. We succeeded to validate an extraction protocol and retrieve the original signature of one wood sample. This result underline the potential and importance of a new method combining 87Sr/86Sr and δ88/86Sr values for future provenance studies on wood or other materials. However, our results also indicated that most of our shipwreck wood samples did not conserve their original Sr. Therefore, preconizations were suggested in order to extend the use of this tracer in future provenance studies on archaeological wood from shipwrecks
Moundossa, Antoine. "Forêts, savanes et déforestation : le Congo et la région du Pool." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF20039.
Full textWe have tried to understand the distribution of plants throughout Congo, especially in the southern area where Brazzaville, the capital city is located. Very important at the national scale, the pool region is the first supply source for Brazzaville. The area is partly occupied by savannas which are commonly against agriculture. Though the climate is good for forests, these savannas prevail but are riddled with shadowy forests and gallery forests. Two different assumptions care called upon to explain the origin of this phenomenon: natural origin: the Congolese savannas would have appeared thanks to the changes in the climate at the tropical areas which took place during the quaternary age. As a result, forests have disappeared because of drought. Anthropical origin: constant deforestation since the neolithic age. In order to discuss these different assumptions, our arguments are based upon maps relating the distribution of plants, population and climate. The aerial photos have revealed that cause of recent savannas is deforestation and fire
Jolly, Anne. "Estimation par télédétection satellitaire de la récolte annuelle en bois dans la futaie pure de pin maritime du massif des Landes de Gascogne : apports pour la prévision de la ressource forestière." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30144.
Full textBodin, Jeanne. "Observed changes in mountain vegetation of the Alps during the XXth century - Role of climate and land-use changes." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00592144.
Full textRiverin, Stéphane. "Dynamique d'installation de la regénération dans une pessière ouverte à cladonie localisée dans la zone pessière noire fermée nord du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean (Québec)." Thèse, 1994. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1237/1/1509543.pdf.
Full textRoch, Alain. "Les flux de transport du bois et des pâtes et papiers au Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean-Chibougamau : les effets de la distance entre les aires de coupe et les usines de transformations [sic]." Thèse, 2005. http://constellation.uqac.ca/537/1/24605442.pdf.
Full textBrisson, Carl. "Discours, législations et pratiques de la gestion polyvalente des milieux forestiers publics sagamiens, 1960-1994." Thèse, 1994. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1226/1/1513528.pdf.
Full textTchéchoupard, Hilaire. "Les enjeux entourant la gestion décentralisée des aires protégées en Centrafrique : le cas de la forêt de Bangassou." Thèse, 2017. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4358/1/TchxE9choupard_uqac_0862D_10365.pdf.
Full textMcLaughlin, Stephan. "Évaluation de la densité (tiges/ha.) et caractérisation de la défoliation d'un territoire forestier boréal à l'aide de la vidéographie aérienne multispectrale (VAM)." Thèse, 1998. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1035/1/11640602.pdf.
Full textCarrier, André. "Contribution de l'imagerie satellitaire NOAA à la cartographie des grands feux de forêt du Québec boréal : 1972 à 1994." Thèse, 1996. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1150/1/1525786.pdf.
Full textQuessy, Sylvain. "Utilisation d'une image LANDSAT et d'un système d'information géographique (SIG) pour la détermination de sites potentiels à la coupe d'éclaircie précommerciale en forêt boréale." Thèse, 1996. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1161/1/1525756.pdf.
Full textMercier, Marc. "Forêt habitée et développement durable : le cas d'un parc expérimental de la nordicité à Ville de La Baie." Thèse, 2002. http://constellation.uqac.ca/860/1/13856156.pdf.
Full textBoucher, Brigitte. "Un essai d'utilisation d'information écologique à l'aide d'un sig dans une perspective d'aménagement intégré d'un territoire forestier : le cas de Girardville." Thèse, 1996. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1135/1/1529506.pdf.
Full textRoyer, Marie-Jeanne S. "L'interaction entre les savoirs écologiques traditionnels et les changements climatiques : les Cris de la Baie-James, la bernache du Canada et le caribou des bois." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9095.
Full textThis thesis intends to identify the effects of climate change as it relates to the traditional activities of the Eastern James Bay Cree. Numerous studies have analysed climate change, however relatively few have studied its socioeconomic and socio-cultural effects on the subarctic populations of Quebec as does this one. Exploring the integration mechanisms between scientific knowledge and traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), this combination of knowledge being presented by many researchers as the next step in TEK research, this thesis utilizes the various perceptions that the hunters of the Cree Trappers Association have of the impacts of climate change. Emphasis was placed on their traditional activities in connection with the Canada goose and the woodland caribou, two culturally important species The study uses an approach combining the theoretical aspects of ethnoecology with the practical aspects of case studies. Various methods of data collection were used: literary and cartography reviews, questionnaires and long and short interviews. The research demonstrates a variation in Cree observations of climate change and in their perceptions of the effects of these changes based on the location of the community in the James Bay region. Certain effects are perceived in all communities, for instance participants from all communities worried about the dangers associated with an increased fragility of the ice formed on lakes and rivers. However, it was primarily members of the coastal communities who worried over the Canada geese moving further inland. Members of the coastal communities were also the only ones to not notice a reduction in the numbers of woodland caribou on their traplines. Climate change seems to have an impact on the Cree’s traditional way of life associated with the Canada goose and woodland caribou and to affect the transmission of their traditional knowledge to the newer generations as it pertains to the woodland caribou. Also highlighted is the fact that a combination of TEK and scientific data allows for a broader picture of climate and species evolution (e.g.: climate variations between the coast and the interior of the territory, presence of white-tailed deers and coyotes on the territory) and suggests new research questions and hypothesis (e.g.: causes for a change in the ice structure, evolution in the range and distribution of Canada geese subspecies, impact of bloodsucking insects on caribou health). It also allows for a better identification and understanding of the stakes and adaptation processes currently going on in Eastern James Bay communities (e.g.: decrease in caribou consumption, maintenance of geese consumption, increased dangers during travel due to an increase in ice fragility or in unusual climatic events). The combined use of TEK and scientific knowledge allows for a better understanding of the effects of climate change and the complex sociocultural and environmental dynamics at play in the Eastern James Bay.
Rousson, Vincent. "La nature des représentations sociales des enseignantes du primaire à l’égard du domaine de l’univers social et de son enseignement : étude de cas à la Commission scolaire de l’Or-et-des-Bois." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10883.
Full textThis research is intended to bring to light the nature of elementary school teach-ers’ social representations in regard to the disciplines related to the social studies field, as well as the teaching of these disciplines within a provincial school board. This project came to exist following a number of interventions in elementary school classes as a practicum supervisor, and after discussions with teachers about the teaching of social studies. The foundations of this project are based on the following observation: at the elementary level, the teaching of knowledge and competencies in the social studies field is lacking and does not completely meet the expectations prescribed by the ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport. Teachers at the elementary level teach very little of the knowledge and competencies in the social studies field in Quebec. As such, students are poorly equipped when they enter secondary school. Previous research targeted some of the factors, allowing an explanation of this observation. However, the researcher supposed that there were other reasons that could explain this phenomenon, and the researcher believed that the analysis of teachers’ social representations could contribute important information to the analysis of this issue. This analysis of social representations is based on the works and on the theories of Abrics’ central core theory (Abric, 1994a). It was constructed around an exploratory research done within a regional school board, where 21 teachers were interviewed. Using a qualitative methodology, with an approach specifically intended for the educational sciences (Merriam, 1998), the results of the research enable us to identify three determining factors in the creation of teachers’ social representations, with regard to history, geography and citizenship education. These factors also lead teachers to modify their teaching and didactic approaches. Moreover, this research allowed for a better understanding of the creation of teachers’ social representations as regards to the disciplines related to social studies and allowed several determining factors in the reluctance to teach this material to students.
Larouche, Ursula. "Entre le développement durable et l’acceptabilité sociale : pour une éthique de la gestion des ressources naturelles : le cas d’Arianne Phosphate inc." Thèse, 2016. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4155/1/Larouche_uqac_0862N_10314.pdf.
Full textMasse, Vincent. "Sublimés des Nouveaux Mondes – Évocation des lieux de l'expansion européenne dans les imprimés français, des origines à 1560." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/19202.
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