Academic literature on the topic 'Geographical perspective'

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Journal articles on the topic "Geographical perspective"

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Khatiwada, Shambhu Prasad. "Athapahariyas: A Geographical Perspective." NUTA Journal 6, no. 1-2 (March 22, 2019): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nutaj.v6i1-2.23232.

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Cultural geography attempts to real-life situations of Athapahariyas in Dhankuta district. Their sense of place bring to where they live, how they shape their way of living to respond in this place. their socio-economic and political changes are also reshaped by the place or surrounding habitat. In this context, this effort is made a valuable literature for detailed socio-economic and cultural studies as a lane of folklore geography with concerning theories of sense of place. The main objective of this paper is to analyse some aspects of the Athapahariyas and seeks to answer meaning of places as an aspect of environmental experiences.
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Frantál, Bohumil, and Stanislav Martinát. "Brownfields: A Geographical Perspective." Moravian Geographical Reports 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2013-0006.

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Déry, Steve, Walter Leimgruber, and Walter Zsilincsar. "Understanding Marginality: Recent Insights from a Geographical Perspective." Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin 74, no. 1 (September 17, 2012): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21861/hgg.2012.74.01.01.

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Hyvärinen, Matti. "Toward a geographical socionarratology." Frontiers of Narrative Studies 4, no. 2 (November 26, 2018): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fns-2018-0019.

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AbstractNarrative space has attracted increasing attention in recent years, yet this attention only sporadically falls on narrative geography. In this article, I consider the possibility of geographical socionarratology and suggest that a geographical approach is able to enrich the perspective of socionarratology. Correspondingly, a social perspective can enhance the interpretative power of geography. Drawing from Jerome Bruner’s (1990, 1991) narrative theory, “canonicity and breach” as well as Reinhart Kosellek’s (2004) theory on the “existential pair” of expectation and experience, I argue that different geographical locations embody different expectations, emotions, and perspectives of action for characters and storytellers. The contradictory play of contested and conflicting expectations is analyzed more closely by reading Ian McEwan’s The Children Act (2014), a novel portraying competing family cultures and ethical principles. By connecting geography to expectations, I argue, the interpretative advantages of geography in narratology increase substantially.
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Wise, M. J., A. G. Champion, A. R. Townsend, R. J. Johnston, and V. Gardiner. "Contemporary Britain: A Geographical Perspective." Geographical Journal 158, no. 2 (July 1992): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3059793.

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Caviedes, Cesar N., and David J. Keeling. "Contemporary Argentina: A Geographical Perspective." Geographical Review 88, no. 3 (July 1998): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/216029.

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Thisse, Jacques-François. "Geographical Economics: A Historical Perspective." Recherches économiques de Louvain 77, no. 2 (2011): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rel.772.0141.

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Daniell, Christopher. "The Geographical Perspective of Gildas." Britannia 25 (1994): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/526997.

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Johnson, James H., R. W. G. Carter, and A. J. Parker. "Ireland: A Contemporary Geographical Perspective." Geographical Journal 156, no. 2 (July 1990): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/635335.

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Demko, George J., and William B. Wood. "International Refugees: A Geographical Perspective." Journal of Geography 86, no. 5 (September 1987): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221348708979490.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geographical perspective"

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Jarvis, Claire H. "Insect phenology : a geographical perspective." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22349.

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The rate of insect development (phenology) is strongly associated with temperature. Within the biological literature, phenologies are estimated largely on the basis of sparsely located point meterological data. The significance of incorporating a geographical dimension was explored in two application areas where phenologies are used, pest risk assessment (PRA) and integrated pest management (IPM). Colorado beetle (leptinotarsa decemlineata) and codling moth (Cydia pomonella) were used as representative non-indigenous and indigenous test organisms. To ensure relevance to both pest risk assessment and integrated pest management applications, phenology models were run using daily meterological data throughout England and Wales. Interpolation was chosen as an efficient means to create spatial temperature 'surfaces' from distributed daily maximum and minimum temperature data observed at a subset of 174 meteorological stations. Because insect pests are known to be highly sensitive to temperature, considerable attention was paid to minimising the errors generated as part of this process relative to that in previous applied agricultural studies. Comparisons between the commonly used trend surface and inverse distance weighting methods of interpolation were made with partial thin plate splines and ordinary kriging. Unlike earlier work, automatic parameter selection was used to calibrate all the interpolation techniques and care was taken to ensure the comparability of estimated temperature values. Error in estimates by all methods was reduced using a number of guiding topo-climate and land cover covariates. The most favourable estimates of maximum and minimum temperatures throughout the country and over the annual cycle were partial thin plate splines, with daily average r.m.s. accuracies computed using jack-knife cross-validation of 0.8°C and 1.13°C respectively. Partial thin plate splines were also found to be more computationally efficient than both inverse distance weighting and de-trended ordinary kriging. This use of jack-knife cross-validation was assessed using a fully independent data set of a further 100 data points, and was found to be statistically comparable. Providing the interaction between phenology models and sequences of geographically relevant temperature data at this daily step and national coverage necessitated the construction of tailor made research software for the project. The coupled temperature interpolation/phenology modelling system was used to provide a range of outputs to explore the accuracy of predicted phenologies over space and time.
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Holmes, Erin Alison. "Mandatory Disease Notification and Underascertainment: A Geographical Perspective." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geography, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1378.

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Mandatory notification of disease forms the backbone of disease surveillance in New Zealand and overseas. Notification data is used by public health professionals and academics to identify cases requiring public health control, monitor disease incidence and distribution, and in epidemiological research. However, there is emerging evidence that notification rates do not accurately reflect the true extent of notifiable diseases within the community, resulting in the underascertainment of many notifiable cases. While adequate surveillance does not necessarily require that all cases of notifiable disease be captured, the systematic underascertainment of disease can have significant implications for perceived spatial and demographic trends in disease prevalence; potentially threatening the credibility of spatial epidemiological research by under or overestimating the burden of disease in different populations. There is evidence that systematic underascertainment occurs as a result of the differential actions of laboratories and general practitioners. It has also been recognised that that underascertainment can be influenced by a patient's willingness to seek medical attention and participate in laboratory tests. However, few studies have investigated whether these factors systematically influence notification either in New Zealand or overseas. Furthermore, the discipline of health geography has been slow to engage with this topic of public health importance, despite the inherently spatial nature of the processes involved, and the close ties to the geographic literature on health service utilization and healthcare provision. This thesis explores the spatial and temporal variation in notification rates in New Zealand for the period 1997-2005 and the potential relationships between notification rates and different variables. Unlike many underascertainment studies, which have used individual data and capture-recapture methods, data constraints inspired a unique ecological approach to investigating the factors which may be associated with notification in New Zealand. Variables were divided into categories based on Anderson's behavioural model for healthcare utilization and the influence of these variables on notification was determined through multiple regression analyses. The main findings of this research indicate that in New Zealand notification rates have increased during the period 1997-2005 and that there is a north-south gradient in notifications, with substantially lower rates in the North Island than in the South Island. Furthermore, it is also evident that the variables associated with notification vary according to disease, spatial aggregation and spatial scale. Notification rates are significantly associated with a range of predisposing and enabling factors which might influence patient choice to consult for many frequently underascertained diseases. More variation in enteric diseases is explained by the independent variables analysed than the variation in non-enteric diseases. However, further research into these relationships, and underascertainment in general, is required before firm conclusions can be drawn.
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Kirkham, Janet Dorothea. "Plant closure in multiplant firms : a geographical perspective." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326868.

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Qureshi, Yasmeen. "Environmental issues in British Columbia : an historical-geographical perspective." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31325.

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Concern for the state of the natural environment has been growing throughout the world in recent years as it becomes clear that the world is in the midst of an environmental crisis. In B.C., this has led to widespread public controversy over issues such as pollution, logging, and the preservation of wilderness areas. This thesis seeks to bring present conflicts into perspective by examining the historical roots of the various discourses on the environment in B.C. Present environmental controversies take place within a legislative framework, therefore some understanding of the historical development of that legislation and the predominant attitudes that helped shape it is necessary. The first two chapters of this thesis provide this background, focusing on forest policy and parks and wilderness policy. The third chapter addresses the outdoor recreationists, the sport hunters and anglers of B.C., who, although often contributing to the depletion of wildlife populations, also helped shape wildlife policy and worked for the preservation of wildlife habitats. With the foundations for the environmental movement set, the fourth chapter deals with the rise of the environmental movement and environmental interest groups during the 1960's and 70's. This includes a discussion of the counter culture, general social changes of the period, the rise of ecology, and protests in Strathcona Park during the late 1980's. The final chapter considers the reactions of the forest industry to the environmental movement. The forest industry has never had to be so aware of public opinion and so cautious about the image it projects as it is now. The focus is on one major company, MacMillan Bloedel, and the evolution of its public relations policies during the 1960's and 70's.
Arts, Faculty of
Geography, Department of
Graduate
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Perry, Martin. "The provision of small industrial premises : a geographical perspective." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1825.

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McNally, Nicholas James. "The environment, lifestyle and atopic eczema : a geographical perspective." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297751.

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Wang, Tan. "The development of China's financial centres : a geographical perspective." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2002. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/457.

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Parr, S. J. "Changing provision for the elderly mentally ill : A geographical perspective." Thesis, Keele University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371156.

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Irvine, Philippa Margaret. "Post-apartheid racial integration in Grahamstown : a time-geographical perspective." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005521.

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This research is situated within the context of the post-apartheid era in South Africa, which includes the dominant ideologies and policies that have shaped the urban landscape of the past and present. It investigates the extent and patterns of integration that exist twenty years after the country’s political transition and it uses Grahamstown, a small education and cultural centre in the Eastern Cape Province, as its case study. The investigation incorporates the traditional geographical focus of residential and educational integration, using conventional means of investigation such as segregation indices, dissimilarity indices, percentages and maps. However, in identifying the broader nature of ‘segregation’ and ‘integration’, the study moves beyond these foci and approaches. It adopts the timegeographical framework to reveal the dynamic use of urban space that reflects the lived space of selected individuals from the community of Grahamstown: the extent and patterns of their behavioural integration or spatial linkages. Together, these approaches reveal that Grahamstown is still a city divided by race and, now, class. Schools and residential areas remain tied to the apartheid divisions of race and the white community exists almost entirely within the bounds of apartheid’s blueprint of urban space. Rhodes University, which is located within Grahamstown, has experienced admirable levels of integration within the student body and within the staff as a whole, but not within the staff’s different levels. In essence, where integration has occurred it has been unidirectional with the black community moving into the spaces and institutions formerly reserved for whites. The limited behavioural integration or spatial linkages are shown to be tied to city structure and, within the white group, to perceptions of ‘otherness’ held by the individuals interviewed. While the study shows limited differences in the time-spatial movements between members of different races who are resident in the former white group area, it highlights the differences between those more permanently resident in the city and the temporary educational migrants or students. The study argues that the slow pace of change is related to the nature of South Africa’s democratic transition and its attending political and economic policies.
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Kim, Myung-Hee Anna. "China-to-South Korea ethnic labour migration: A human geographical perspective." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485455.

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South Korea, one of the early newly industrialising and labour surplus emigration economies has emerged as a core economy of global migration in a matter of twenty years. Yet the dynamics of the country's transition experience remains overly simplified or obfuscated in the literature of international migration. International labour migration in the Asian Pacific region· as a whole has become far more dynamic in its composition rather than in the sheer magnitude of human mobility that characterised the earlier era of the migration-development transition in so-called the 'tiger economies'. This thesis deals with key themes of the unexplored dimensions of international migration in post-1990 Korea in the four-paper format. In particular, the thesis investigates a key but little known feature of the new Korean migration economy: the in-movement ofundocumented ethnic Koreans from the People's Republic of China. Core arguments of the thesis reappraise the following issues of international migration in the country from multi-disciplinary perspectives: • First, the post-industrial demographic and migration transitions in Korea. • Second, the economic dimension of ethnic migration from post-reform Northeast China to South Korea. • Third, the identity transformations ofKorean-Chinese ethnic migrants. • Fourth, the South Korean versus German approach to the post-cold war @ethniclabour migration from China and the former Soviet Union. The first and second papers bring a global comparative overview of commonalities in the patterns of demographic and emigration transition found between the late urbanised and industrial Korean society and that of the European (old industrial) counterpart. All core papers of the thesis deal with nationally specific yet globally observable problematique of ethnic migration from socialist transition economies. In Chapter six, German migration politics with focus on its Sptitaussiedlerpolitk is examined as a parallel case to the Korean experience. The chapter attempts to expose the unrecognised commonality which the western and eastern nation states share in their experiences with the ethnic migration influx in the context of the post-socialist changing geopolitical regimes of international migration. Their findings suggest that the so-called return movement no longer epitomise a romantic ethno-national myth of the nations. Rather the unconventional South-North and East-West population movements manifest a post-socialist and post-industrial emergent form of international labour migration. The issues have been previously bounded in the national and regional.debate without recognition of their wider generic characteristics. The thesis contributes to bringing a geo-politically wider perspective on the dynamic inter-regional labour flows around the Korean peninsula. In doing so, the thesis makes a plea for the need of a global approach to the emerging migration-development system in post-industrial East Asian economies.
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Books on the topic "Geographical perspective"

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Henry, Buller, ed. Rural development: A geographical perspective. London: Croom Helm, 1987.

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Keith, Hoggart, and Buller Henry, eds. Rural development, a geographical perspective. Totowa, N.J: Barnes & Noble Books, 1987.

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Gersmehl, Carol. Minnesota water: A geographical perspective. St. Paul, Minn: Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1986.

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S, Pisano Vittorfranco, and International Association of Chiefs of Police., eds. Terrorist dynamics: A geographical perspective. Arlington, Va: International Association of Chiefs of Police, 1988.

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1961-, Hall Colin Michael, and Lew Alan A, eds. Sustainable tourism: A geographical perspective. Harlow, England: Longman, 1998.

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Champion, A. G. Contemporary Britain: A geographical perspective. London: E.Arnold, 1990.

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1939-, Townsend Alan R., ed. Contemporary Britain: A geographical perspective. London: New York, 1990.

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Bill, Carter, and Parker A. J, eds. Ireland: A contemporary geographical perspective. London: Routledge, 1989.

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Keeling, David J. Contemporary Argentina: A geographical perspective. Boulder, Colo: WestviewPress, 1997.

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Sustainable ocean governance: A geographical perspective. London: Routledge, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geographical perspective"

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Nijkamp, Peter. "Geographical information systems in perspective." In The GeoJournal Library, 241–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1677-2_21.

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Zhao, Shenglin, Michael R. Lyu, and Irwin King. "Understanding Human Mobility from Geographical Perspective." In SpringerBriefs in Computer Science, 29–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1349-3_2.

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Childs, Peter. "Salman Rushdie: A Long Geographical Perspective." In Contemporary Novelists, 186–208. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-27229-4_10.

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Vij, MoniKa. "Geographical Perspective of Crime in Delhi." In Sustainable Smart Cities in India, 731–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47145-7_44.

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Wilkinson, John, and Claire Cerdan. "A Brazilian Perspective on Geographical Indications." In Territorial Governance, 143–58. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2422-3_8.

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Van den Berghe, Lutgart. "Corporate Governance in a Geographical Perspective." In International Standardisation of Good Corporate Governance, 39–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5185-0_7.

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Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. P. Da Rosa. "1. A Historical and Geographical Perspective." In The Portuguese in Canada, 1–17. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442688827-004.

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Luc, Małgorzata. "Approaches in Sustainable ‘Landscaping’—A Geographical Perspective." In Springer Geography, 201–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13527-4_12.

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Kellerman, Aharon. "Time-Space Homology: A Societal-Geographical Perspective." In The GeoJournal Library, 20–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2287-7_2.

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Brunet, Ferran. "Geographical Dimension and Historical Perspective of Catalonia." In The Economics of Catalan Separatism, 25–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14451-6_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Geographical perspective"

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Mooses, Veronika. "Geographical perspective in city sensing." In UbiComp '13: The 2013 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2494091.2499221.

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Michalska, Weronika. "Transport of wild animals to zoological gardens. Geographical perspective." In 3rd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT. Publishing House of The University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/icdsupl3.a034.

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Nikonorova, Inna V. "RESULTS OF OGE ON GEOGRAPHY IN THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC." In Treshnikov readings – 2021 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-08-2-2021-118-120.

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The article discusses, from a statistical and analytical perspective, problems and ways to improve the preparation of students for passing the main state geography exam in the 9th grade of the school.
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Anisimova, Elena Y., and Iraida E. Kantserova. "RELIGIOUS TOURISM AS A PERSPECTIVE TYPE OF TOURISM OF THE ULYANOVSK REGION AND A MEANS OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN." In Treshnikov readings – 2021 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-08-2-2021-94-95.

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Yu, Zhao, and Zhang Jun. "Visualization Analysis of Regional Innovation Network from the Innovative Geographical Perspective." In ICIIP '18: 2018 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Information Processing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3232116.3232121.

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"Using a geographical information system for property valuation: A European perspective." In ERES Conference - Amsterdam, The Netherlands: ERES Conference 1994. ERES, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres1994_121.

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Ponsard, Christophe, and Mounir Touzani. "Extending Land Administration Domain Models with a Goal Perspective." In 3rd International Conference on Geographical Information Systems Theory, Applications and Management. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006350202440249.

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Pajrin, Rani, Jamal Wiwoho, Moch Imanullah, and Pujiyono Pujiyono. "Legal Protection of Geographical Indications in Indonesia from the Perspective of UU Number 20, 2016 concerning the Trademarks and Geographical Indications." In Proceedings of the 1st Tidar International Conference on Advancing Local Wisdom Towards Global Megatrends, TIC 2020, 21-22 October 2020, Magelang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-10-2020.2311867.

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Kulikov, V. S., and E. V. Kuznetsova. "«THE CZAR'S ROAD» – PERSPECTIVE HISTORICAL, TOURISTICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SUBJECT OF THE RUSSIAN VALUES." In Prirodopol'zovanie i ohrana prirody: Ohrana pamjatnikov prirody, biologicheskogo i landshaftnogo raznoobrazija Tomskogo Priob'ja i drugih regionov Rossii. Izdatel'stvo Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-954-9-2020-97.

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Some significant episodes of Peter 1's activity in the North of Russia are considered. The creation in 1702 of the"Osudareva road" (White sea – Onega lake) with a length of at least 190 km and the transfer of troops, ammunition and two yachts to storm the Swedish fortress of Noteburg, contributed to Russia's access to the Baltic sea and the intensive development of the North-West of the country. Recommended the continuation of studies of the road and search its supplementary relics.
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Firdaus, Winci. "Partial Lectical Innovation in Devayan Language: Lingual data review in a geographical perspective." In Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on Applied Linguistics (CONAPLIN 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/conaplin-18.2019.105.

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Reports on the topic "Geographical perspective"

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Stewart, Joel. A Geographical Perspective on the Territorial Conflict in the East China Sea: The Implications for International Political Relations between China and Japan. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/geogmaster.17.

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Gustafsson, Marcus, and Stephanie Cordova. Värdeskapande av koldioxid från biogasproduktion. Linköping University Electronic Press, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789180753838.

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arbon dioxide (CO₂) has a negative impact on the climate, but it also has several practical areas of use. Many industrial processes emit CO₂ in high concentrations, which could be captured to mitigate emissions while also creating valuable products. One example of such a process is biogas upgrading – a process separating renewable gases, where methane is taken care of for use as vehicle fuel or industrial energy carrier, while CO₂ is released into the atmosphere. The aim of this project has been to chart alternatives and technologies for taking care of green CO₂ from biogas upgrading, so-called carbon capture and utilization (CCU), and to investigate the conditions for applying these in a Swedish context. The work has been guided by the following research questions: * How large is the current and future potential for CCU from biogas production? * What are the possible areas of use for CO₂ from biogas production? * What factors influence the choice of areas of use for CO₂ from biogas production? * How large is the environmental benefit of CCU from biogas production? To answer these questions, calculations of potentials, a multi-criteria assessment and a life cycle assessment were carried out, based on the Swedish biogas production. A reference group comprising representatives for large Swedish companies within biogas production and biogas upgrading technology was used to enable coproduction and networking between the research group and the business sector. The production of CO₂ from biogas was estimated to 160,000 ton/year in 2020, with potential to increase to 540,000 – 840,000 ton/year in a few years and 790,000 – 1,230,000 ton/year in a longer perspective, as a consequence of an expected increase in the Swedish biogas production. A large share of the CO₂ is however produced at relatively small upgrading facilities, which could limit the feasibility for CCU due to high costs for investment and operation. Adding hydrogen to transform all the CO₂ into methane could potentially increase the methane production from biogas from 2 to 3 TWh/year in a short-term perspective and from 11 to 17 TWh/year in a long-term perspective, given sufficient access to hydrogen. Other ways of utilizing CO₂ from biogas include production of biomass or chemicals, concrete curing, pH control of process water and use as a refrigerant. The choice of CCU options can be influenced by environmental, technical, economic and policy-related aspects. From the biogas producers’ perspective, methanation is the option that is the most compatible with the existing production system and business model, while other solutions usually involve another actor taking care of the CO₂. Hydrogen is required for methanation as well as for production of chemicals. Another limiting factor are the high purity requirements on all CO₂ that is distributed and sold on the market. The geographical distribution of the production plants can also be a challenge. Several CCU options can improve the environmental performance of biogas by replacing fossil-based products. The potential climate impact is the lowest if the CO₂ is methanized with renewable hydrogen or mineralized in concrete, but other forms of environmental impact can also be reduced by applying these or other CCU options. For comparison, permanent storage of CO₂ in geological formations (carbon capture and storage, CCS) only reduces the climate impact, while it increases other forms of environmental impact. Furthermore, permanently storing biogenic CO₂ can make it difficult to reduce the use of fossil CO₂ and transition to a more sustainable society. The need for carbon in many essential processes and products suggests that biogenic CO₂ should be utilized and not stored.
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3

Milbrandt, A. Geographic Perspective on the Current Biomass Resource Availability in the United States. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861485.

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Randall, Linda, Louise Ormstrup Vestergård, and Mari Wøien Meijer. Rural perspectives on digital innovation: Experiences from small enterprises in the Nordic countries and Latvia. Nordregio, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/pb2020:3.2001-3876.

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Digitalisation holds considerable potential for rural areas. It offers thepromise of overcoming geographical distance, ensuring equal access toopportunity regardless of where people live. At the same time, rural andsparsely populated areas are thought to lag behind their urban counterpartswhen it comes to the provision of digital infrastructure and the developmentof digital knowledge and skills. These urban-rural disparities areoften referred to as the digital divide and can prevent rural communitiesfrom unlocking the opportunities associated with digitalisation.
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Giacometti, Alberto, Mari Wøien Meijer, and Hilma Salonen. Who drives green innovation in the Nordic Region? A change agency and systems perspective. Nordregio, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2024:101403-2503.

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In addressing the critical challenge of systemic sustainability, this report explores the need for more than a one-size-fits-all approach in the Nordic Region. It investigates the role of change agency processes and the impact of policies and framework conditions on green transition changes in business sectors. Our two case studies reveal some of the bottlenecks and drivers of innovation and explore them from a systemic perspective and in different geographic scales, both from a place-based and place-less perspective. The methodology adopted in the report is comprehensive, including a deep dive into the evolution of innovation theory and policy, following by an in-depth analysis of green innovation in two sectoral developments, including multi-storey wood construction and the so-called ‘protein shift’. It examines the roles of different stakeholders, including governments, businesses, and communities, in fostering an environment conducive to systemic change. The report relies on the academic and policy evolution of innovation theory and practice, identifying, what is argued to be, an emerging generation of innovation policies focused not only on economic but also on societal and environmental goals, which has generated a heated debate. To add nuance to this debate, our report utilised sector-based case studies relying on expert interviews to shed light on the roles of different agents in producing, not only technological but systems innovation. Against the background of systems innovations theory, this study provides some insights into the relevance of place, and proximity – not just geographic, but cognitive, institutional, organisational and social proximity. regional innovation landscape. Key findings reveal that systemic green innovations in the Nordic region happen as a result of the sum of multiple actors intentionally and unintentionally driving change in place-based and place-less settings. Several obstacles hinder setting a clear direction to innovation and path creation as these barriers are deeply entrenched in governance complexities, social institutions, and place-based industrial and structural path dependencies. Disrupting technological and systems ‘lock-ins’, is therefore, not the role of single agents but the result of multiple ones acting on a place-based or technology-based setting, and requires enhanced policy frameworks, and entrepreneurial public institutions moving beyond setting the ‘rules-of-the-game’ to actively orchestrating action, mobilising stakeholders and facilitating co-operation. The report emphasizes the significance of knowledge exchange and the creation of trust-based networks to accelerate the adoption of green innovations. It concludes by demonstrating that different green innovations develop under very different conditions and processes.
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Cavicchia, Rebecca, Jonas Kačkus Tybjerg, Hilma Salonen, Maja Brynteson, Nicola Wendt-Lucas, Sæunn Gísladóttir, and Hjalti Jóhannesson. Ten-year Regional Outlook: Future Perspectives for Electric Aviation in the Nordic Region. Nordregio, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2024:81403-2503.

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Electric aviation has gained momentum in the Nordic region in recent years. Given its unique geographical features and strong commitment to climate-neutral transport, the Nordic region represents an ideal testing ground for electric aviation. In five to ten years from now, electric aviation has the potential to become reality, so it is crucial to explore which factors may affect its implementation and how regional development may be impacted. The “Electric Aviation and the Effects on the Nordic Region” project presents a ten-year future scenario for electric aviation in the Nordic region. In this report, we explore future scenarios for five selected Nordic routes and identify the key driving forces behind that transformative shift, as well as the positive and negative impacts of electric aviation. The scenarios were developed through focus group discussions conducted with key stakeholders from each of the five Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden). The main findings of the study show that electric aviation is generally perceived positively in the various Nordic countries. However, there are also certain contextual differences relating to whether electric aviation is viewed as a pathway to achieving climate targets and removing emissions, stimulating regional development and accessibility of remote areas, or as a new travel option compared to conventional flights. Even though the general attitude towards electric aviation seems to be positive, scepticism and questions regarding the social acceptance of the new technology emerged, as well as the uncertainty around who will be the investors to kick-off the new technology. Furthermore, the future scenarios suggest that a high level of support from local and national governing bodies is required in order to make electric aviation a viable air transport mode in the Nordic region. The insights of this report are intended both to inform decision-makers and to provide nuanced observations from each Nordic country and explore future pathways towards a sustainable and more integrated Nordic region in line with the 2030 vision of the Nordic Council of Ministers.
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Khene, Caroline, and Kevin Hernandez. Digitalisation of State Services in Bangladesh. Institute of Development Studies, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clear.2024.001.

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The government-led digital strategy in Bangladesh began well before the Covid-19 pandemic; the pandemic itself simply accelerated the digitalisation of public services globally. This report examines digital innovations across essential public services in Bangladesh, particularly those spurred on by the Covid-19 pandemic. It highlights major accountability and access outcomes, especially for marginalised groups across different capacities, identities, and geographic regions. The report looks at digitalisation experiences in key areas, including education, health, social protection, accountability, and addressing violence against women. While the pandemic accelerated these efforts, it also revealed persistent digital inequalities in terms of access, capacity, and structural factors such as human capital, political economy, and social and cultural norms. Rather than framing technology as an automatically efficiency-enhancing tool, the report illustrates on the ground realities and constructs a more nuanced perspective. It positions technology as an enabler in realising better futures together, while also underscoring challenges around digital rights and government oversight. The report calls for deliberative approaches in designing digital public services, enabling digital ethics in regulation, and gathering critical data on minority groups, connectivity, and actual digital service users. This frames technology as part of a broader, inclusive development agenda, rather than an ends in itself.
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Ruzante, Juliana M., Ellen Thomas Shumaker, Sidney Holt, Susan Mayer, Adam Kokotovich, Maude Cuchiara, Andrew R. Binder, Jennifer Kuzma, and Khara Grieger. Eliciting Stakeholder Perceptions Using a Novel Online Engagement Platform: A Case Study on Nano-Agrifoods. RTI Press, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2022.op.0071.2201.

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Stakeholder engagement is an important component in developing policies on critical issues such as the use and development of novel methods and technologies, including biotechnologies and nanotechnologies. Understanding the perspectives, needs, and concerns of stakeholder groups can facilitate the development of transparent and trusted policy recommendations. Innovative online research platforms have been developed as alternatives to typical stakeholder engagement methods such as in-person focus groups, interviews, and online and paper surveys. These platforms facilitate the engagement of geographically and linguistically (i.e., individuals who speak different languages) diverse stakeholders using a wide range of methods, from virtual focus groups to surveys. Stakeholders can participate at their own leisure and anonymously, which can facilitate more open interactions on issues where viewpoints may differ. In this work, we used an online stakeholder engagement platform (OSEP) to engage stakeholders and capture their perceptions and views about the application of nanotechnology in food and agriculture (nano-agrifood) and the role of responsible innovation in the development of nano-agrifood products. The OSEP provided a reliable and interactive environment for stakeholders to share their views and exchange ideas. Such OSEPs should be further explored as novel tools for engaging stakeholders on a range of issues from emerging technologies to public health.
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Kiodis, T., W. Jia, T. Stoikidou, M. Walker, and M. H. Gowland. Food allergy awareness champions: Improving food safety standards in online food procurement for people with food hypersensitivities. Food Standards Agency, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.zzx336.

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Food allergies and intolerances are increasingly common in the UK, and 4% of population may be affected (FSA, 2023). These conditions range from mild to severe and can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life. Procurement of ready prepared meals, such as takeaways, is challenging for those with food hypersensitivity (FHS), with many opting to reduce the risk by avoiding them entirely when possible. How ready prepared meals are purchased has also changed, with the rise of online food delivery platforms, whose use during the global pandemic increased, particularly among younger consumers. There is uncertainty about the degree to which businesses who sell ready prepared meals operate and meet the needs of people with food hypersensitivity, whilst still meeting regulatory labelling requirements to provide information at the point of selection and when the food is collected or delivered. It is also unknown if information provided meets the needs of the food hypersensitivity community with regards to safety. This project aimed to improve understanding of the safety, efficacy, practices, and behaviours of FHS consumers when buying ready to eat food online. Both takeaway and delivered food were examined from the perspective of people with food hypersensitivities using a citizen science methodology. Citizen science is an increasingly popular and impactful methodology endorsed by the European Commission for Research, Science and Innovation that can offer large amounts of data that are geographically diverse.
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Howard, Jo. Understanding Intersecting Vulnerabilities Experienced by Religious Minorities Living in Poverty in the Shadows of Covid-19. Institute of Development Studies, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.012.

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The purpose of this study, conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic between November 2020 and March 2021 in India and Nigeria, is to explore the direct and indirect effects of Covid-19 on religiously marginalised groups experiencing intersecting vulnerabilities. The findings provide recognition of the impact of Covid-19 on targeting and encroachments faced by these groups in order to inform policy so that it includes their perspectives in building back better and promoting inclusive development. Policymakers need to understand both the direct and indirect impacts of Covid-19 in order to coordinate effective support and avert deepening marginalisation. This research demonstrates how religious inequalities intersect with other inequalities of power – historical, structural, and socially determined characteristics (class, ethnicity, caste, gender, age) – to shape how people experience the Covid-19 pandemic. Both India and Nigeria manifest high levels of authoritarianism, an absence of press freedom, targeting of religiously marginalised groups, and unequal access to public services and the protection of the state by religiously marginalised groups, according to geographic location. The findings of this report reveal the appalling everyday realities as well as the great courage of religious minorities living in poverty during the pandemic. Greater sensitivity to the critical intersection of vulnerabilities is essential for the longer-term recovery of these groups, who otherwise face slipping deeper into intergenerational poverty. Deepening poverty and proliferating ethno-religious injustices are fuelling tensions and conflict, and the risks of neglecting these issues are immense.
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