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Germain, Richard James. "Drought management using a geographical information system." Ohio : Ohio University, 1996. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1178651687.
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Ayhan, Saglam. "Developing A Geographical Information System For The Gallipoli Campaign." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606263/index.pdf.
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Geographical Information System (GIS) is a very powerful technique which is used in solving different problems in various fields dealing with spatial information. It can also be used for analyzing wars and campaign. Today’
s modern armies use GIS effectively for different purposes such as determining strategic points and planning attack and defense. GIS can also be used for past wars, and historical GIS includes these kinds of applications. In this study, GIS have been used for analyzing Gallipoli Campaign in the First World War. This campaign started in February on 1915 and Allied troops left the Gallipoli Peninsula on 9th January 1916. Gallipoli Campaign have very important role in Turkish and World history. This study includes two different parts about Gallipoli Campaign. In the first part, selected battles of the campaign are analyzed with different GIS functions. Selected battles are Naval, Ariburnu, Conkbayiri, and 2nd Kirte Battles, and they are selected based on the availability of graphic and attribute data. In the second part, relationship between martyrs and locations are studied. Distributions of the number of soldiers for different criteria, such as province, district, soldier rank, death location and age are shown on maps and pie charts.
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Bae, Sanghoon. "Development of a real-time and geographical information system-based transit management information system." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11242009-020226/.
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Duffy, Timothy Richard. "An environmental information system for planners." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8750.
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This research proposes an on-line Environmental Information System for Planners (EISP). The Environmental Information System for Planners has been developed in collaboration with five local authorities as a web-based system designed to support decision making within the UK planning framework. It has been built as a ‘proof-of-concept’ system to demonstrate the value to urban planning of making information on environmental issues more widely accessible. The EISP has been designed to support three principal planning functions carried out by Local Authorities: Pre-planning enquiries; Development control decisions; and Strategic planning. The system incorporates 12 environmental themes: Air quality (PM10); Shallow undermining; Landslide susceptibility; Groundwater protection; Flood risk; Drainage; Land contamination; Proximity to landfill; Biodiversity; Natural heritage designations; Man-made heritage; and Natural Ground Stability (Geohazards). The design framework is based upon a series of decision flow diagrams, each covering one of the above themes. These decision flows take account of current planning procedures in the UK. Industry-standard web technologies have been employed to integrate the flows and develop the functionality that will allow the planner access to the system through secure web pages. Underpinning the system is an environmental Geographical Information System (GIS) that contains the most up-to-date data, information and models relevant to each of the environmental themes listed. The planning regulations are subject to change and so the system has been designed in a modular way so that new legislation can be accommodated without the need for a complete system rewrite. This modular approach also means that the system can be readily adapted to reflect local priorities and to draw on local datasets. The EISP was successfully tested and the thesis concludes with a costed business case study for commercial implementation and rollout of a production EISP system populated with appropriate environmental data within UK local authorities.
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Gulden, Birsen. "A Geographical Information System Application For Ambulance Routing Services:a Prototype." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605085/index.pdf.
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In public safety, geography plays a significant role. One of the most important front-line elements of public safety is an efficient emergency transport and care system. The capacity to access and process information rapidly and organize resources where needed can be critically important in an emergency situation. Information about the locality of an event or a disaster is often vital in knowing how to respond. A significant operation in handling emergency situations is the routing of ambulances to incident sites and then to the closest appropriate hospitals. One of the important steps to survival in an emergency is quick response time.
The aim of this thesis study is to build an immediate, rapid and efficient emergency medical transport system prototype, called Ambulance Routing Service Application Prototype (ARSAP), to be used in Middle East Technical University
(METU) Emergency Service, Ankara, Turkey. In the study, geographical information systems (GIS) technology is used in assisting the development and implementation of an emergency medical service (EMS) response system.
In this prototype, while choosing a proper facility, the available quantity of beds, respiratory equipments and doctors in a hospital's intensive care room and the best traffic routes to the hospital in hand are also considered. The ARSAP is expected to shorten the commuting time and hence to reduce the damage to the patient to the lowest level and allow the ambulance staff to perform their task better. The results generated using the ARSAP are validated and analyzed by comparing with currently practiced emergency call paths data collected with the help of METU Emergency Service ambulance drivers.
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Gardner, Lesley Ann. "Hypermedia for prototyping and system integration in information systems development." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1991. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1126/.
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This thesis investigates information systems development with special regard to the area of Geographical Information Systems. It addresses the area through the investigation of the software life-cycle development model and its augmentation by the use of prototyping. Observations are made on empirical experiments conducted to assess the usefulness of the new techniques of hypertext and hypermedia and their suitability within this field of study. This investigation is complemented by a case study, the Norfolk and Suffolk Broads Authority. The Norfolk and Suffolk Broads are designated by statute with similar status to the National Parks of Great Britain, and are managed by the Norfolk and Suffolk Broads Authority. Through cooperation with the Norfolk and Suffolk Broads Authority, a prototype information system was created. This system makes use of geographical data from the Broads Authority. The development stages of this system were used to conduct experiments for this thesis. The tools and techniques used for the development of this system are described. These include a hypertext tool called FIELD (Fully Integrated Environment for Layered Development) which has been especially designed for the complete storage of all information for each stage throughout this development. The use of this tool and hypertext for the development of the geographically based information system for the Norfolk and Suffolk Broads Authority are discussed.
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Shi, Zhennan. "A Web-based Geographical Information System for Low Bandwidth Access." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2434.
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The Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become popular tool, used in different fields. The launching of Google Maps offered a new approach of building web based GIS systems; making it possible to integrate external geographically referenced data with the powerful map service supplied by Google. This thesis demonstrates the design and implementation of creating a web based geographic information system. The system is built by adapting the Google Maps API library and building a web server to display and explore agricultural data.
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Yang, Jun Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "TMDS thematic map design advisory system; for geographical information systems and electronic mapping systems." Ottawa, 1993.
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Tecim, Vahap. "A geographical information systems based decision support system for tourism planning and development." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387436.
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Baharom, Mohammad Nizam. "Analysing and Presenting Road Traffic Volume Using Geographical Information System (GIS)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508828.
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Rapid urbanisation in Kuala Lumpur over the past 25 years has brought its share of problems such as traffic congestion, urban sprawl, rise in noise. pollution, flooding and other environmental issues. The increase in population in developing countries has resulted in increased traffic volumes, and traffic congestion has been a serious problem for citizens of Malaysia for many years. Every year the Ministry of Works Malaysia, through its Highway Planning Unit (HPU). has spent considerable amounts of money to collect census data on traffic volume. After processing the data, HPU publishes its Annual Traffic Volume guide. From 1996 to 1998, for example, the total number of motor vehicles registered increased from 7.7 to 9.1 million, a dramatic increase in the volume of traffic. It is therefore vital to have decision support systems that provide information from the latest traffic-volume database systems. The main objective of this study is to research, design and develop a database structure for traffic volume in Selangor, using a Geographical Information System (GIS) to analyse road traffic volumes in certain areas; it will enable calculation of traffic congestion and provide basic information for road pavement work for future road maintenance. The use of GIS and associated techniques can play an important role in decision-making activities for route transportation systems. GIS techniques have a significant role in the storage, analysis and reporting of data sets. In the traffic volume situation, GIS also allows for the integration of different databases relating to traffic congestion, including both traffic-based data and related land use, demographic, topographic and environmental data. This thesis presents research into GIS processes that will enable us to monitor traffic volumes and the condition of the road pavement in Selangor. The research focuses on GIS development and traffic data collection. The principal objective of this thesis is to propose the development of a system that will help to analyse traffic volume, by using GIS to link data sets by area, thus facilitating interdepartmental information sharing and communication. Both traffic volume and the road transportation system have a strong spatial existence; therefore GIS is an obvious system for use in finding a solution. The results demonstrate that GIS has a crucial role in analysing specific areas of traffic volume for future road maintenance planning. The distribution of congestion in a region is important, and the use of GIS software for database integration, data analysis and data display is extremely advantageous. More specifically, the research considers the use of GIS as a means of analysing the location of traffic factors. including congestion and road surface damage. Furthermore, the identification of traffic volume zones can be displayed on GIS and the identification of alternative routes to alleviate traffic congestion can then be made to avoid further damage to road pavement.
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Smit, Christian. "Geographical information system for integrated management of agriculture and the environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95795.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The agricultural sector plays a valuable role in the South African economy. However, agriculture is embedded in the natural environment. The research problem revolves around the lack of an information management system, capable of integrated agricultural and environmental management to promote sustainable agricultural development on farm level. This study aimed to develop a spatial information management system to aid with integrated agricultural and environmental management. The study area consisted of a seven-farm production unit, Howbill Properties, which provided the necessary agricultural and environmental elements for this study. Spatial data requirements were identified by unpacking the relevant imperatives directing integrated agricultural and environmental management. Data was collected with a recreational outdoor GPS device, digitised from remotely sensed images and obtained from various sources. Spatial data consisted of infrastructure data, such as water pumps, power lines, and fruit orchard boundaries, whereas environmental spatial data consisted of natural resource data, and topographic data. The study further details the process of selecting the necessary components for an enterprise GIS and building the system. PostgreSQL with the PostGIS spatial extension was selected as the spatial database and QGIS was selected as the desktop GIS application. It was found that the prototype integrated spatial information system could be effectively applied to assist integrated agricultural and environmental management. The prototype spatial information system was able to serve the needs of novice to advanced users. However, insufficient spatial data were identified as a limitation, and spatial data should be improved and updated regularly.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Landbou speel „n belangrikke rol in die Suid-Afrikaanse ekonomie. Landbou is egter vervat in die natuurlike omgewing. Die probleem wentel om die gebrek aan 'n geografiese inligtingstelsel wat in staat is om geïntegreerde landbou- en omgewingsbestuur op plaasvlak te bevorder. Hierdie studie het ten doel gehad om 'n ruimtelike inligtingsbestuurstelsel te ontwikkel om die voorafgaande probleem aan te spreek. Die studie area bestaan uit 'n sewe-plaas produksie-eenheid, Howbill Properties, wat die nodige landbou- en omgewingselemente vir hierdie studie bevat het. Ruimtelike datavereistes is geïdentifiseer deur die relevante internasionale, nasionale, provinsiale, en mark vereistes wat geïntegreerde landbou en omgewingsbestuur rig, te ondersoek. Data is ingesamel met 'n behulp van „n GPS-toestel, gedigitaliseer van afstandswaarnemingsdata en ingesamel van verskeie bronne. Ruimtelike data het bestaan uit infrastruktuur data, soos water pompe, kraglyne, en vrugte boord grense, terwyl die ruimtelike omgewing data bestaan het uit natuurlike hulpbron data en topografiese data. Verder behandel die studie die proses van hoe die nodige komponente vir 'n ondernemings GIS gekies was en hoe die stelsel ontwikkel was. PostgreSQL met die PostGIS ruimtelike uitbreiding is gekies as die ruimtelike databasis en QGIS is gekies as die GIS program. Daar is gevind dat die prototipe geïntegreerde ruimtelike inligtingstelsel doeltreffend toegepas kan word vir geïntegreerde landbou en omgewingsbestuur. Die prototipe ruimtelike inligtingstelsel was in staat om aan die behoeftes van „n beginner gebruiker sowel as gevorderde gebruikers te voorsien. Daar was ook bevind dat onvoldoende ruimtelike data die stelsel beperk, en dat data sal voordurend verbeter en opgedateer moet word.
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Lake, Iain Richard. "Using a Geographical Information System (GIS) to implement the Hedonic pricing." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266754.
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Hedonic pricing (HP) is an economic technique for placing monetary values upon costs or benefits which do not have market prices. This thesis applies the HP method to the valuation of road transport and visual disamenity impacts, as reflected in variations within property prices. In order to carry out such a study one has to determine not only the magnitude of the environmental impact at each property, but also structural, neighbourhood and accessibility variables characterising each property. These have to be controlled for before the portion of the property price attributable to the environmental variable can be observed. In the past all these variables have been calculated using labour intensive techniques such as house to house surveys. These led to high study costs and limited the scope of such research. This thesis circumvents these problems through the use of large scale digital data and a Geographical Information System (GIS). This study demonstrates how a GIS can significantly improve a HP study through the calculation of a wider range of more sophisticated variables. However the calculation of such a large number of variables causes difficulties when these data are modelled. This study illustrates how these problems can be overcome through a combination of Principal Components Analysis and a Multiple Regression. The final model had a higher degree of explanation and a lower incidence of collinearity than in previous research vindicating the use of GIS. Prices and values for a range of road transport and visual disamenity impacts are presented. The main limitations upon the research was the time and effort required to obtain data and to convert them into a GIS format. This took half of the research time. Various developments that might improve this situation in the future are presented, along with ways in which the study could be extended.
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Darnell, Amii Rebecca. "Application of geographical information systems to lahar hazard assessment on an active volcanic system." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/47533/.
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Lahars (highly dynamic mixtures of volcanic debris and water) have been responsible for some of the most serious volcanic disasters and have killed tens of thousands of people in recent decades. Despite considerable lahar model development in the sciences, many research tools have proved wholly unsuitable for practical application on an active volcanic system where it is difficult to obtain field measurements. In addition, geographic information systems are tools that offer a great potential to explore, model and map hazards, but are currently under-utilised for lahar hazard assessment. This research pioneered a three-tiered approach to lahar hazard assessment on Montserrat, West Indies. Initially, requirements of potential users of lahar information (scientists and decision-makers) were established through interview and evaluated against attainable modelling outputs (given flow type and data availability). Subsequently, a digital elevation model, fit for modelling lahars, was used by a path of steepest descent algorithm and a semi-empirical debris-flow model in the prediction of lahar routes and inundation areas. Limitations of these established geographical information system (GIS) based models, for predicting the behaviour of (relatively under-studied) dilute lahars, were used to inform key parameters for a novel model, also tightly coupled to a GIS, that simulated flow routes based on change in velocity. Importantly, uncertainty in model predictions was assessed through a stochastic simulation of elevation error. Finally, the practical utility of modelling outputs (visualisations) was assessed through mutual feedback with local scientists. The new model adequately replicated past flow routes and gave preliminary predictions for velocities and travel times, thus providing a short-term lahar hazard assessment. Inundation areas were also mapped using the debris-flow model to assist long-term planning. Ultimately, a GIS can support ‘on the ground’ planning decisions, but efficacy is limited by an active volcanic system which can restrict feedback to and from end-users.
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Yeang, Chen-Hsiang 1969. "Implementation of a virtual environment system based on geographical information system and environmental models." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40227.
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Craig, Victoria Dawn. "A methodological paradigm shift to augment a geographical information system planning framework." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446408.
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Aranha, Jose Tadeu Marques. "An integrated Geographical Information System for the Vale do Alto Tâmega (GISVAT)." Thesis, Kingston University, 1998. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20358/.
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During the last fifteen years the landscape of the Vale do Alto Tâmega, a region in Northern Portugal, has been subjected to environmental pressure leading to a change in land cover from predominantly forest to a mixture of shrub and rock outcrops. Both natural (e.g. wild fires) and anthropogenic (e.g. timber harvesting) factors have contributed to this change. Practical management techniques are necessary to preserve and manage this important environmental resource. New technologies, such as Geographical Information Systems (GIS), the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Remote Sensing (RS) provide tools that can be used for forest management and wild fire protection. This thesis explores the suitability of these technologies for managing forests located in the Vale do Alto Tamega region. It focuses on the development of data sets and models that can be used to assess the susceptibility of forests to fire hazards. The GIS analysis reveals that more than half of the study area presents a high fire hazard and nearly a third of the Pinus pinaster stands were burnt between 1986 and 1995. The GIS results also show that much forest land is occupied by unsuitable species (e.g. coniferous instead of deciduous trees), which contribute to restricted timber production and a high fire hazard. GPS was used to survey both the location of sampling plots and to map the boundaries of burnt areas or of post-fire recover areas, associated with traditional forest mapping and measurement techniques. These data were then used to update GIS and to support satellite image classification. Remote sensing derived data were used for mapping, providing up¬to-date land cover maps, and to derive predictive relationships which can be used to estimate forest biophysical variables (e.g. Leaf Area Index or Biomass) that can be used by forest managers. The results of the research demonstrate that GIS, GPS and RS could be used together in forest management and protection, such as in the classification of the land cover in order to calculate fire hazard indices or in the analysis of forests dynamics.
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Nuutinen, Tuula. "Timber sale and logging planning : using a geographical information system based methodology." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21448.
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There is increasing pressure to integrate the economics of timber sale and logging planning with environmental considerations and strategic sustainability. Some forestry organisations are hoping to replace pre-harvesting inventory with a database designed for periodical inventory and long-term timber production planning to facilitate continuous (rolling) planning. The aim of this study is to analyse the possibilities of integrating different forest planning levels with each other and a Geographical Information System (GIS), and replacing the pre-harvesting inventory with a GIS. An integrated GIS and planning system is implemented. Firstly, the production system is analysed to define the system requirements in detail. Then the data model and processes together with system architecture are designed. A new concept of treatment stand is adopted for modelling site-specific restrictions into the calculation units of a Finnish forest simulator, MELA. Thereafter corresponding databases are defined and implemented. System interfaces are developed to provide data flow between subsystems. Additional modules for economic analyses are developed to sit on top of the linear programming (LP) package. A case study is undertaken to test the functionality of the integrated planning system. In the case study, forest inventory data and GIS-analyses are used for modelling both site-specific restrictions and harvesting conditions. New LP-formulations are defined and implemented using a Finnish LP-package, JLP. The 'production possibility frontiers' (extremes of possible production) are used to estimate the value of GIS in taking into account the effects of site-specific constraints. The results from a combinatorial model are compared with the results of a standard model to measure the benefits of GIS in timber sale and logging planning.
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Silva, Frederica Nishakumari de. "CEMPS - spatial decision support system for evacuation planning : an operational research - geographical information systems approach." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242839.
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Pierce, Todd M. "A GIS-compatible, active computer algorithm for American congressional redistricting." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335030.
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Gu, Xuan. "Selective Data Replication for Distributed Geographical Data Sets." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2545.
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The main purpose of this research is to incorporate additional higher-level semantics into the existing data replication strategies in such a way that their flexibility and performance can be improved in favour of both data providers and consumers. The resulting approach from this research is referred to as the selective data replication system. With this system, the data that has been updated by a data provider is captured and batched into messages known as update notifications. Once update notifications are received by data consumers, they are used to evaluate so-called update policies, which are specified by data consumers containing details on when data replications need to occur and what data needs to be updated during the replications.
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Blinn, Christopher Michael. "Creation of a Spatial Decision Support System as a Risk Assessment Tool Based on Kentucky Tornado Climatology." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1153.
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Tornadoes are one of Mother Nature’s deadliest phenomena. They affect a large region of the United States. The risk of tornadoes is contingent on dynamic atmospheric conditions that are most likely during spring but which can occur anytime of the year, making the storms challenging to forecast. Using geographical information systems (GIS), a web-based spatial decision support system (SDSS) was created to help understand the spatial dimension of tornado risk assessment. The risk values are calculated using Tornado Days rather than taking a crude density measurement. The SDSS hosts GIS web services that are displayed on an Adobe Flex application. The web application allows users to view, research, query and extract information from the attributes of the GIS files. There is also a dynamic risk tool which gives users the ability to click anywhere inside the study area and get the percentage of risk that a tornado will occur within 25 miles of that very point. The web application eliminates users and viewers from conducting their own research and GIS work. In addition, automated updating models and macros were created to update the tornado database on an annual basis.
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Larsson, Mattias. "Geographical Visualization Within Augmented Reality : Using visualization of geographical data through augmented reality to locate nearby city services." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231962.
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Augmented Reality is today one of the most popular upcoming technologies most commonly known for its use within games and advertising. The technology is also used in other less known fields such as task support, navigation and sightseeing but still has additional usages to be discovered. This thesis investigates how Augmented Reality can be used to improve locating city services such as public toilets by visualizing data with the technology instead of more traditional 2D means. To establish a basis on how known Augmented Reality is compared to other visualization methods, a quantitative form was set up and answered by 105 persons. A qualitative study was also conducted that included an experiment with ten users, they were interviewed separately and their answers were recorded when they interacted with the Augmented Reality prototype using a think-aloud approach. The experiment was set up to gain more in-depth knowledge about how users experience using an Augmented Reality product to find nearby objects. The experiment was designed based on information content, functionality and performance, presentation and interaction. The experiment ended with a semistructured interview to gather additional results from what the users had experienced during the interaction with the prototype. The participants of the experiment were people that had used a smartphone before and were selected to create diversity for the study based on gender, age and occupation. The results were negative based on the prototype performance but positive towards a functional product according to both the quantitative and qualitative interview results. The conclusion formed was therefore that Augmented Reality has potential to replace conventional 2D means of finding nearby city services but not in its current state.Augmented Reality är idag en av de mest populära och uppkommande teknikerna och mest känt för dess användning inom spel och annonsering. Teknologin används också inom andramindre kända områden som uppgift support, navigation och sightseeing men har fortfarande flera användningsområden som inte blivit upptäckta. Den här uppsatsen kommer att undersöka hur Augmented Reality kan användas för att förbättra lokalisering av närliggande stadstjänster som offentliga toaletter genom att visualisera det i Augmented Reality istället för traditionella 2D-tekniker. För att etablera hur väl känt Augmented Reality är jämfört med mer kända visualiseringsmetoder utformades ett kvantitativt formulär som besvarades av 105 personer. En kvalitativ studie var också utför som innehöll ett experiment med tio deltagare som intervjuades individuellt. Deras svar spelades medan de fick interagera med en Augmented Reality prototyp och utföra en think-aloud metod. Experimentet var designat baserat på informationsinnehåll, funktionalitet och prestanda, presentation och interaktion. Experimentet avslutades med en semistrukturell intervju för att samla ytterligare resultat från vad användarna upplevde under interaktionen med prototypen. Experimentets deltagare baserades på användare som använt en smartphone förut och var utvalda för att skapa mångfald baserat på kön, ålder och sysselsättning. Resultaten var negativa baserat på prototypens prestation men positiva mot en mer funktionell produkt enligt både de kvantitativa och kvalitativa intervjuresultaten. Slutsatsen är därav att Augmented Reality har potential till att ersätta traditionella 2D-tekniker för att hitta närliggande stadstjänster men inte i sitt nuvarande stadie.
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Shekhawat, Pururajsingh. "Geographical Information System (GIS) web applications for data visualization of Drinking Water pipelines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/84529.
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Robust decision support tools that aid water utilities to make informed, swift and precise decisions are becoming the need of the hour. Application of sophisticated models to aid the process of condition assessment and risk analysis on water pipelines have been limited owing to the lack of scalability, inability to incorporate external open source datasets and mathematically complicated output results. Interactive visualization of resultant model output is the key element in extracting valuable information to support decision making. This thesis presents a framework for visualization of data related to drinking water pipelines. Critical components of strategic, tactical and operational level decision making are explored in context with data presentation and information depiction. This thesis depicts various aspects of developing GIS web applications and their important functionalities for query and visualization of data. Multiple facets of data storage, standardization and application development are highlighted in this document. Publishing of application geo processing services in web environment is done through Virginia Tech enterprise geodatabase. Risk assessment and Performance models developed by a utility are projected in the application environment through help of widgets. Applications are coded into links on a Drupal website (www.pipeid.org) for model dissemination and utility engagement purposes.Master of Science
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Appunni, Sandhya. "Design and Development of Geographical Information System (GIS) Map for Nuclear Waste Streams." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1667.
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A nuclear waste stream is the complete flow of waste material from origin to treatment facility to final disposal. The objective of this study was to design and develop a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) module using Google Application Programming Interface (API) for better visualization of nuclear waste streams that will identify and display various nuclear waste stream parameters. A proper display of parameters would enable managers at Department of Energy waste sites to visualize information for proper planning of waste transport. The study also developed an algorithm using quadratic Bézier curve to make the map more understandable and usable. Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 and Microsoft SQL Server 2012 were used for the implementation of the project. The study has shown that the combination of several technologies can successfully provide dynamic mapping functionality. Future work should explore various Google Maps API functionalities to further enhance the visualization of nuclear waste streams.
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Crechiolo, Angela Louise. "Teaching secondary school geography with the use of a geographical information system (GIS)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq21877.pdf.
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Papathoma, Maria. "Tsunami vulnerability assessment using a geographical information system with special reference to Greece." Thesis, Coventry University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251854.
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Tsunami are rare geological phenomena but their impacts are frequently catastrophic. Greece is the European country that has been affected most frequently by tsunami. Whilst tsunami hazard and risk within Greece have been studied, tsunami vulnerability has not. Previous studies and hazard mapping of tsunami flood prone areas around the world imply that populations, buildings and infrastructure within a potential inundation zone are uniformly vulnerable to impact. However, vulnerability is a dynamic factor and is a function of a number of parameters, since vulnerability of any physical, structural or socio-economic element is the probability of it being damaged, destroyed or lost. This dissertation identifies two coastal segments within Greece known to be at risk from tsunami flooding; reviews the historical record of events and determines a worse case tsunami event for both locations. A new methodology for assessing vulnerability of these coastal communities is then developed and applied to each location. The methodology incorporates multiple parameters that contribute to tsunami vulnerability and identifies and demonstrates the vulnerability of different components of the community (human, economic and the built environment). Using a Multi Criteria Evaluation Method the vulnerability of individual buildings and open spaces within the potential inundation zone are assessed and the results are displayed in map form with the aid of a Geographical Information System (GIS). The primary database may be used by various end-users, such as emergency planners, insurance companies, individuals, local authorities and scientists, in order to produce maps that could enable them to make recommendations regarding response plans or mitigation measures. Finally, a framework for Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment is introduced which integrates this vulnerability assessment methodology. Through this framework, the Greek Civil Protection system is outlined, its weaknesses are discussed and recommendations are made.
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Chapman, Matthew. "Spatial forecasting of air pollution in urban environments : a geographical information system approach." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271974.
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Graham, Sarah. "Optimisation of the network delivery of marine energy using a Geographical Information System." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12060.
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There are a variety of marine energy converters under development with full-scale prototypes currently being tested in the open sea. One of the most important steps to help the devices reach the commercial market is to find the optimal sites for development. This involves identifying areas of suitable marine energy resource, determining a route to network and locating network capacity for the new generation. Network access is a major constraint to the development of marine energy so it is essential to select areas that make the best use of the resource and network capacity available to get the first generation of devices into the water. This study has addressed these challenges to advance the understanding of the recoverable resource and encourage investment and confidence in the new marine energy industry. The work reported describes the assembly of a new Geographical Information System (GIS) model that contains a comprehensive range of data for the marine environment. Spatial analysis techniques were employed to analyse the data subject to the majority of the constraints on siting wave energy converters (WECs). This enables the location and quantification of the recoverable wave energy resource. Least cost path analysis was utilised to optimise the route of the submarine cable from WEC to shore while taking bathymetric, seabed, environmental and economic constraints into account. Power flow analysis was carried out on sections of the Scottish electricity network to determine the location and amount of available network capacity for new generation. This analysis was integrated with the GIS to create a unique GIS/power flow model that is utilised to optimise the network integration of wave energy. The model has been used to identify the wave energy resource in closest proximity to available network capacity. Economic analysis is also carried out to provide an economic appraisal of wave energy projects and the route to the network. The outcomes of the study using the developed GIS model allow optimisation of the delivery of marine energy to the electricity network and are used to provide an appraisal of wave energy development in Scotland.
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Camargo, Marcel Pinton de. "Aerial machine vision, geographical information system and hue for pattern classification in agriculture." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11152/tde-17012019-180101/.
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In this research we aim to achieve cybernetic cohesion information flow in precision agriculture, integrating machine learning methods, computer vision, geographical information system and UAV-photogrammetry in an irrigated area with slaughterhouse wastewater, under five treatments (W100 - irrigation with superficial water and 100% of nitrogen mineral fertilization, E0, E33, E66 and E100 - irrigation with treated effluent from slaughterhouse and addition of 0, 33, 66 and 100% of nitrogen mineral fertilization, respectively) and four replications on grassland (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.). Several images (between one hundred and two hundred) with red, green, blue (RGB) color model were captured using a quadcopter flying at 20 meter altitude and obtaining spatial resolution of 1 centimeter on a surface of approximately 0.5 ha. The images were orthorectified together with nine ground control points done by differential global positioning system (GPS), both processed in the Agisoft PhotoScan software. Thirteen photogrammetric projects were done over time with 30-day revisit, the root mean squared error (RMSE) was used as accuracy measurement, and reached values lower than 5 centimeters for x, y and z axis. The orthoimage obtained with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry was changed from RGB to hue, saturation, value (HSV) color model, and the hue color space was chosen due to independence of illumination, beyond it has a good description of exposure of soil and vegetation, but it is dependent of light source temperature, so difficult to estabilish a static threshold, so we selected an unsupervised classification method, K-Means, to classify the unknown patterns along the area. Polygons were drawn delimiting the area represented by each portion and a supervised classification method based on entropy was used, the decision tree, to explore and find patterns that recognize each treatment. These steps are also displayed in forms of georeferenced thematic maps and were executed in the open source softwares Python, QGIS and Weka. The rules defined on the hue color space reached an accuracy of 100% on the training set, and provided a better understanding about the distribution of soil and vegetation on the parcels. This methodology shows a great potential for analysis of spectral data in precision agriculture.Nesta pesquisa pretendemos alcançar a coesão cibernética no fluxo de informações dentro da agricultura de precisão, integrando métodos de aprendizagem de máquinas, visão computacional, sistema de informação geográfica e aerofotogrametria em uma área irrigada com efluente de matadouro, sob cinco tratamentos (W100 - irrigação com água superficial e 100 % de adubação mineral nitrogenada, E0, E33, E66 e E100 - irrigação com efluente tratado de abatedouro e adição de 0, 33, 66 e 100% de adubação mineral nitrogenada, respectivamente) e quatro repetições em pastagem (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) Várias imagens (entre cem e duzentas) com modelo de cor vermelho, verde e azul (RGB) foram capturadas por um quadricóptero voando a 20 metros de altitude, e obtendo resolução espacial de 1 centímetro em uma superfície de aproximadamente 0.5 ha. As imagens foram ortorretificadas juntamente com nove pontos de controle, realizados pelo sistema de posicionamento global diferencial (GPS), ambos processados no software Agisoft PhotoScan. Treze projetos fotogramétricos foram realizados ao longo do tempo com revisita de 30 dias, a raiz do erro quadrático médio (RMSE) foi usada como medida de acurácia e atingiu valores menores que 5 centímetros para os eixos x, y e z. A ortoimagem obtida com a fotogrametria do veículo aéreo não tripulado (UAV) foi alterada de RGB para matiz, saturação, valor (HSV) e o espaço de cor matiz foi escolhido devido a independência da iluminação, além de ter boa descrição da exposição do solo e vegetação. Entretanto este é dependente da temperatura da fonte de luz, portanto difícil de se estabelecer um limiar estático, logo selecionamos um método de classificação não supervisionado, o K-Means, para classificar os padrões desconhecidos ao longo da área. Polígonos foram traçados delimitando a área representada por cada parcela e um método supervisionado de classificação baseado na entropia foi utilizado, a árvore de decisão, para explorar e encontrar padrões que reconheçam cada tratamento. Essas etapas também são exibidas em formas de mapas temáticos georeferenciados e foram executadas nos softwares de código aberto Python, QGIS e Weka. As regras definidas no espaço de cor matiz atingiram uma acurácia de 100% no conjunto de treinamento e proporcionaram um melhor entendimento sobre a distribuição do solo e da vegetação nas parcelas. Esta metodologia mostra um grande potencial para análise de dados na agricultura de precisão.
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Kawar, Ra'ed Suhail. "The Dead Sea transform fault system : an integrated geophysical study." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309407.
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Joao, Elsa Maria Martins Silva. "Causes and consequences of map generalisation." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283733.
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Hajdinjak, Matic. "Towards a mobile user interface used for monitoring purposes in context of a Geographical Information System." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-95231.
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Mobile Geographical Information Systems are becoming a more and more important tool for presenting geographical data. They are used to support decision making processes, present an overview of distributed information or are in a form of location based services. The problem lies in the fact that mobile devices have limited resources and should still be able to present massive amounts of content. Ideally, the user and the conditions in which the program runs are well defined, but this is usually not the case. This thesis provides a sample prototype implementation of a mobile GIS developed as an alternative to an existing web-based user interface (UI). It focuses on specific conditions present on mobile devices, ways of presenting the data and possibilities of reusing existing elements from the web UI that could be suitable for the mobile environment.
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Alkhawaja, Mortadha Ali. "Semantic Geospatial Search and Ranking in the Context of the Geographical Information System TerraFly." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/60.
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Modern Web based GIS systems have responded significantly to semantic Web technology as it offers opportunities to overcome interoperability and integration problems. There are abundant needs especially for the systems intending to provide more than just a map with basic geographical information. More sophisticated systems can offer more than navigation services and can integrate with several data sources, thereby providing a richer, wider and highly usable information service to be used in business, governmental and different life domains. Search is an essential part of any GIS system because of the huge amount of data representing different meanings that are stored in one or distributed data sources. A model is presented which focuses on searching for geospatial information to answer query semantics rather than query syntax. This model used the most recent and approved standards among the semantic Web communities, and was applied on TerraFly a GIS system. Since ranking is a critical factor in measuring the quality of any search engine, a ranking algorithm is also proposed and evaluated.
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Ford, Francois Yorke. "A geographical information system for fire management by the Western Cape Nature Conservation Board /." Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1641.
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Ibrahim, Norkhair. "An analysis of the sensitivity of soil erosion models within a geographical information system." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243472.
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Dimyati, Khoiri Mohd. "Transportation planning in Klang Valley, Malaysia : an integrated approach based on geographical information system." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387472.
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Ford, Francois York. "A Geographical Information System for Fire Management by the Western Cape Nature Conservation Board." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1519.
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Thesis (MSc (Geography and Environmental Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.A multitude of unique fauna and flora exist within the Western Cape of South Africa. Fire plays an intricate role in the conservation and extinction of many of these species. It is therefore imperative to understand this delicate relationship in order to help preserve the province’s uniquely balanced ecosystem. The Western Cape Nature Conservation Board (WCNCB) expressed the need for a system that would allow reserve managers to produce basic fire frequency and veld age maps with considerable ease. These maps are needed for intelligent decisionmaking regarding the management of veldfires. Information concerning vegetation and historical veldfires in the Western Cape, collected over a period of 50 years exist in tabular format in databases of the WCNCB. Some of these tables contain spatial information elements, such as areas affected by fires. Tabular data with spatial elements can be converted to a geographical information system (GIS) format, extracting value previously shielded from the user. Using GIS techniques and the programming language Avenue, two tools with powerful decision-making qualities were created to extract value from these datasets. One tool shows the fire history of a specified area as a digital map. This map shows areas with varying occurrences of fires over time, thereby highlighting hot spots within the specified location. The ability to view various fire scar datasets spatially over a specified period, as opposed to records in a table, enables the user to understand the extent to which areas have been repeatedly exposed to fire and quickly identify areas most affected. The second tool shows vegetation age in a similar fashion, allowing the user to see the current spatial distribution of vegetation and its age. Knowledge about the age of indigenous vegetation, such as fynbos, in a predetermined area, facilitates the reserve manager in decisions related to block burning. This is an accepted practise in areas where vegetation requires fire to stimulate germination. Both tools provide decisionmaking support to reserve managers regarding the most suitable course of action in terms of the implementation of a proactive or passive approach towards fires. This study satisfies the needs of the WCNCB by exploring the hidden value within their datasets. GIS supported by the programming language, Avenue, was successfully utilised in the development of a system capable of extracting information from current datasets to support reserve managers in their critical decision-making processes.
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Borba, Laiza Meira de. "The Geographical Information System (GIS) as a strategy in logistics decisions of physical distribution." Universidade de Taubaté, 2011. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=521.
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The concept of logistics, which until the mid-50 was limited to physical distribution - transport docks and warehouses due to its beginnings in the great empires and armies, has become much more complex and comprehensive. Nowadays it integrates processes involving the entire geographic scope, encompassing material flows, information and products from the point of origin (suppliers) to the point of consumption (client), among several companies throughout the supply chain. Thus, this chain management has become essential for survival, where the changes occur within a dynamic, unstable and evolving scenario. Consumers are increasingly demanding and product life cycles are shrinking. Companies seek to optimize their processes by creating a competitive advantage with perceived value, reducing operational costs, managing effectively and efficiently throughout the flow to exceed the customers expectations. This thesis aims to investigate whether the geographic information system (GIS) supports the distribution centers in the physical distribution logistics decisions. The study is based on literature review and field research covering 36 distribution centers in the region of Greater Sao Paulo that interact with the region of Vale do Paraíba Paulista, distribution centers that use geographic information system (GIS) as strategy in the physical distribution chain and 12 distribution centers that do not use this system. The research result allows the discussion of the advantages of using Geographic Information System (GIS) in the physical distribution logistics decisions in the distribution centers studied. It is concluded that the use of GIS can support and facilitate the decision making of Physical Distribution Logistics positive influence on reducing logistics costs, the risk of lack of materials and delivery lead time, extending its benefits to an improvement in their performance resulting in an increase in market share. The use of GIS can also be useful and valuable for analysis and decision making in Public Transport Sector in order to improve the infrastructure of Brazilian modal transportation and create more efficient multimodal networks, ensuring the flow of materials for domestic and foreign markets.O conceito de Logística, que até meados dos anos 50 restringia-se à distribuição física armazéns e docas de transporte, em razão da prática nos seus primórdios, à época dos grandes impérios e exércitos da Antiguidade, tornou-se hoje muito mais complexo e abrangente. O conceito atual integra os processos, em todo o escopo geográfico, decorrente dos fluxos de materiais, produtos e informações, desde o ponto de origem (fornecedores) até o ponto de consumo (cliente) e entre as diversas empresas de toda a cadeia de suprimentos. Assim, a gestão dessa cadeia tornou-se fundamental para a sobrevivência das empresas, em um cenário dinâmico, instável e evolutivo. Os consumidores estão cada vez mais exigentes e os produtos com ciclos de vida cada vez menores, o que faz com que as empresas busquem otimizar seus processos criando uma vantagem competitiva com valor percebido, reduzindo os custos operacionais, controlando de forma eficaz e eficiente todo o fluxo, a fim de superar as expectativas de seus clientes. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo investigar se o Sistema de Informação Geográfica (GIS) apoia os Centros de Distribuição nas decisões logísticas de distribuição física. O estudo tem como base a revisão bibliográfica, a pesquisa de campo englobando 36 Centros de Distribuição da região da Grande São Paulo que interagem com a região do Vale do Paraíba Paulista, Centros de Distribuição que utilizam o sistema de informação geográfica (GIS) como estratégia na cadeia de distribuição física e, 12 Centros de Distribuição que não utilizam esse sistema. O resultado da pesquisa indica haver vantagens na utilização do Sistema de Informação Geográfica (GIS) nas decisões logísticas de distribuição física nos Centros de Distribuição estudados. Conclui-se que a utilização do GIS pode apoiar e facilitar a tomada de decisão logística de Distribuição Física influenciando positivamente na redução de custos logísticos, do risco da falta de materiais e no lead time de entrega, estendendo seus benefícios para uma melhoria em seu desempenho, resultando em um crescimento da participação de mercado. O uso do GIS pode, ainda, ser útil e valioso para a análise e tomada de decisão em Políticas Públicas do Setor de Transportes com o objetivo de melhorar a infraestrutura de modais de transportes Brasileira e criar redes multimodais mais eficientes, garantindo o escoamento de materiais para o mercado interno e externo.
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Sandison, Daniel C. "Using a four-dimensional geographical information system to visualise the environmental impact of smog." Thesis, Curtin University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2630.
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This research was developed to investigate the potential environmental impacts of poor air quality in Perth. This involved improving existing vegetation maps (through satellite image analysis techniques) for biogenic or forest emissions as a precursor to smog in Perth. Further, to visualise potential environmental impacts associated with poor air quality, a four- dimensional (volumetric over time) animation was created which clearly shows the path and extent of smog in Perth throughout an entire day.Computer mapping of vegetation using Landsat TM data was performed to create an updated inventory of forest types in Perth as input into a photochemical smog model. By improving the inventory of forest cover, the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) in Perth can calculate up to date biogenic emission estimates for the photochemical smog model.Outputs from the DEP's photochemical smog model were integrated into a Geographical Information System (GIS) and subsequently visualised to show plume movement and potential environmental impact. Two datasets (nitrogen oxides and ozone) were provided to investigate the volumetric and dynamic temporal movement of photochemical smog in Perth on one day, March 16, 1994.Nitrogen oxide sources can range from industry and petroleum refining to motor vehicle exhaust emissions, and are a major precursor to photochemical smog (ozone) formation in Perth. Natural emission sources (forest or biogenic emissions) can also be an important contributing factor to the photochemical smog mix in Perth. Biogenic emissions are comprised of Reactive Organic Chemicals (ROC) or Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) which act as a catalyst to aid the nitrogen oxide conversion to ozone.Three-dimensional and four-dimensional GIS techniques were used to highlight both plume movement and environmental impact. These two sets of visualisations have differing chemical levels (higher and lower, respectively) to show movement and interaction effectively. Visualisation of the chemicals allows for a greater understanding of the mostly invisible chemical movement over the course of a day and its potential impact to humans and vegetation.The spatial and temporal interaction of the plumes was investigated by creating a series of animations that can be viewed over the Internet. By using multimedia capabilities, these results can be easily distributed to a wide range of decision makers and people generally interested in smog in Perth.
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Sandison, Daniel C. "Using a four-dimensional geographical information system to visualise the environmental impact of smog." Curtin University of Technology, School of Spatial Sciences, 1999. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=11884.
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This research was developed to investigate the potential environmental impacts of poor air quality in Perth. This involved improving existing vegetation maps (through satellite image analysis techniques) for biogenic or forest emissions as a precursor to smog in Perth. Further, to visualise potential environmental impacts associated with poor air quality, a four- dimensional (volumetric over time) animation was created which clearly shows the path and extent of smog in Perth throughout an entire day.Computer mapping of vegetation using Landsat TM data was performed to create an updated inventory of forest types in Perth as input into a photochemical smog model. By improving the inventory of forest cover, the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) in Perth can calculate up to date biogenic emission estimates for the photochemical smog model.Outputs from the DEP's photochemical smog model were integrated into a Geographical Information System (GIS) and subsequently visualised to show plume movement and potential environmental impact. Two datasets (nitrogen oxides and ozone) were provided to investigate the volumetric and dynamic temporal movement of photochemical smog in Perth on one day, March 16, 1994.Nitrogen oxide sources can range from industry and petroleum refining to motor vehicle exhaust emissions, and are a major precursor to photochemical smog (ozone) formation in Perth. Natural emission sources (forest or biogenic emissions) can also be an important contributing factor to the photochemical smog mix in Perth. Biogenic emissions are comprised of Reactive Organic Chemicals (ROC) or Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) which act as a catalyst to aid the nitrogen oxide conversion to ozone.Three-dimensional and four-dimensional GIS techniques were used to highlight both plume movement and environmental impact. These two sets of visualisations have differing ++chemical levels (higher and lower, respectively) to show movement and interaction effectively. Visualisation of the chemicals allows for a greater understanding of the mostly invisible chemical movement over the course of a day and its potential impact to humans and vegetation.The spatial and temporal interaction of the plumes was investigated by creating a series of animations that can be viewed over the Internet. By using multimedia capabilities, these results can be easily distributed to a wide range of decision makers and people generally interested in smog in Perth.
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Kammer, Annelene. "Using geographical information systems to investigate the bushmeat phenomenon in KwaZulu-Natal." Diss., Pretoria ; [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03292007-153153.
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Zhang, Aining Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "Knowledge acquisition and system design for an expert advisory system for statistical analysis (EASSA) for electronic mapping and geographical information systems." Ottawa, 1991.
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Hamsis, Omar. "Flattened hierarchal interface in a Geographical Information System : Designing a system for creating and preparing maps for aviation." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131451.
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GIS have been plagued by complicated interfaces for some time but is improving. This thesis researches whether an interface with a flattened hierarchy is better suited for a geographical information system rather than a ribbon interface. Two interfaces were built for a system used to supply geographical data to aircraft and Mission support systems. A pre-study was conducted with the existing users and developers to synthesize initial requirements and conclude what is troublesome in the existing system and the workflow process. It was found that there was a lack of consistency in the current system and that the workflow felt ad-hoc. Two prototypes were developed as add-in in Esri’s newly launched ArcGIS Pro and usability tested, one using the ribbon interface and one with the flattened hierarchal interface. Using the subjective workload NASA TLX questionnaire, time on task and a questionnaire regarding the participants’ attitude towards the interface, it was able to see how the workload, efficiency and attitude for the different interfaces were. The usability testing of these interfaces showed no significant difference in time. There was only one significantly difference for the workload, it was in the physical scale. Users that first tested the ribbon interface and later the flattened hierarchal interface found the second interface to be significantly more demanding physically. An attitude questionnaire showed also that participants felt that the flattened hierarchal interface was significantly more overwhelming and would be more discouraged to use it compared to a ribbon interface.
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Charlebois, Daniel. "A planning system based on plan re-use and its application to geographical information systems and remote sensing." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq20994.pdf.
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Brass, Andrew Robert. "The use of a geographical information system for mapping landslide potential in the West Indies." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306173.
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Knight, Jane. "A geographical information system-based synthesis of the Labrador Sector of the Laurentide Ice Sheet." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265578.
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Fischer, Manfred M., Zoltan Daroczi, Georg Magenschab, and Petra Staufer-Steinnocher. "The Geographical Information System WIGeo-GIS at the Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1991. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4218/1/WSG_DP_1591.pdf.
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Al, Mansoori Mouza. "Application of geographical information system in decision making for sustainable water supplies in Abu Dhabi, UAE." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=238775.
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Aldosari, Hussein. "An analysis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in Aldawadmi Governorate, Saudi Arabia, using Geographical Information System (GIS)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/53368/.
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Leishmaniasis has been described by the World Health Organisation as a ‘neglected disease’ and not well understood, which reflects the variations in transmission cycle, reservoirs, vectors, clinical manifestations, and its associations with many human factors. One country where Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a major health issue is Saudi Arabia. This thesis investigates factors influencing the prevalence of CL in Al-Dawadmi Governorate, Saudi Arabia in the period between January 2006 and April 2011 from a multidisciplinary perspective. Meteorological data were used to investigate the influence of climatic variables on the seasonality of CL in the study area. The research also involved surveys of land use / cover around six communities in the protectorate and a case-control study of 125 CL cases and 125 controls to assess the role of socio-economic factors. Additionally, an assessment was made of CL cases that were not officially reported to the health authority. Four main factors were found to influence the prevalence of CL cases in the governorate. There was a very strong, temporally-lagged, relationship between monthly temperature and rainfall and reporting of CL cases. Within individual communities, the case-control results indicated there was a strong association between the presence of certain land cover types or land uses within 300 metre and the probability of contracting CL. A number of socio-economic and demographic factors were also found to be correlated with a higher risk of contracting CL. In addition, socio-economic factors and contrasts in accessibility to health services influenced the reporting of CL cases to the authorities. Overall, the results suggest that a multi-faceted approach to reducing the prevalence of CL is required. Public authorities need to be aware of the meteorological trigger conditions, undertake reservoir eradication activities in certain circumstances, improve access to key diagnostic health services and, most cost-effectively, undertake initiatives to improve public awareness of the key risk factors, relevant mitigation measures and the advantages of seeking prompt treatment.
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Holland, Henry. "A collated digital, geological map database for the central Namaqua Province using geographical information system technology." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005548.
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The genlogy of the Namaqua Province is notoriously difficult to map and interpret due to polymetamorphic and multiple deformation events and limlted outcrop. Current maps of the Province reflect diverse interpretations of stratigraphy as a consequence of these difficulties. A Geographic Information System is essentially a digital database and a set of functions and procedures to capture, analyse and manipulate spatially related data. A GIS is therefore ideally suited to the study and analysis of maps. A digital map database was established, using modem GIS technology, to facilitate the collation of existing maps of an area in the Central Namaqua Province (CNP). This database is based on a lithological classification system similar to that used by Harris (1992), rather than on an interpretive stratigraphic model. In order to establish the database, existing geological maps were scanned into a GIS, and lines of outcrop and lithological contacts were digitised using a manual line following process, which is one of the functions native to a GIS. Attribute data were then attached to the resultant polygons. The attribute database consists of lithological, textural and mineralogical data, as well as stratigraphical classification data according to the South African Committee for Stratigraphy (SACS), correlative names assigned to units by the Precambrian Research Unit, the Geological Survey of South Africa, the Bushmanland Research group and the University of the Orange Free State. Other attribute data included in the database, are tectonic and absolute age information, and the terrane classification for the area. This database reflects the main objective of the project and also serves as a basis for further expansion of a geological GIS for the CNP. Cartographic and database capabilities of the GIS were employed to produce a collated lithological map of the CNP. A TNTmipsTM Spatial Manipulation Language routine was written to produce a database containing two fields linked to each polygon, one for lithology and one for a correlation probability factor. Correlation factors are calculated in this routine from three variables, namely the prominence a worker attached to a specific lithology within a unit or outcrop, the agreement amongst the various workers on the actual lithology present within an outcrop, and the correspondence between the source of the spatial element (mapped outcrop) and the source of the attribute data attached to it. Outcrops were displayed on the map according to the lithology with the highest correlation factor, providing a unique view of the spatial relationships and distribution patterns of lithological units in the CNP. A second map was produced indicating the correlation factors for lithologies within the CNP. Thematic maps are produced in a GIS by selecting spatial elements according to a set of criteria, usually based on the attribute database, and then displaying the elements as maps. Maps created by this process are known as customised maps, since users of the GIS can customise the selection and display of elements according to their needs. For instance, all outcrops of rock units containing particular lithologies of a given age occurring in a specific terrane can be displayed - either on screen or printed out as a map. The database also makes it possible to plot maps according to different stratigraphic classification systems. Areas where various workers disagree on the stratigraphic classification of units can be isolated, and displayed as separate maps in order to aid in the collation process. The database can assist SACS in identifying areas in the CNP where stratigraphic classification is still lacking or agreements on stratigraphic nomenclature have not yet been attained. More than one database can be attached to the spatial elements in a GIS, and the Namaqua-GIS can therefore be expanded to include geochemical, geophysical, economic, structural and geographical data. Other data on the area, such as more detailed maps, photographs and satellite images can be attached to the lithological map database in the correct spatial relationship. Another advantage of a GIS is the facility to continually update the database(s) as more information becomes available and/or as interpretation of the area is refined.