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Academic literature on the topic 'Geographic Term'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Geographic Term"

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Dudnik, I., О. Borisyuk, and I. Zarya. "Features of socio-geographical methodology to the study of regional tourism market." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 63 (2015): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2015.63.4.

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Grounded directions of methodological provisions of social geography in the study of regional tourist markets (define the essence of the term “regional tourism market,” the use of specific geographic methods to study regional tourist markets, the definition of geographical criteria and indicators for assessment, diagnosis and prognosis of regional tourist markets) to create geographical concept of sustainable development. On the basis of geographical areas when analyzing studies regional tourist markets are the concept of regional marketing. The expediency of development of the theory of social and geographic marketing.
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Nigmatov, Askar, and Odiljon Tobirov. "Scientific And Theoretical Foundations Of The Concepts Of Tourism, Geography And Geographical Tourism." American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research 03, no. 03 (March 13, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/volume03issue03-01.

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In the article, the idea of forming a new direction in the tourism industry – geographic tourism is put forward on the basis of international experience, national practice and long-term research. It substantiates in detail the scientific and theoretical foundations of the concepts of tourism, tourist, geography and geographical tourism.
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Latypova, Z. B., M. K. Omarov, and D. D. Davletberdin. "Ecologization of geographic education and forming of ecological culture." Pedagogicheskiy Zhurnal Bashkortostana 92, no. 2 (2021): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21510/1817-3292-2021-92-2-35-44.

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In recent years geographical education has undergone great changes. Taking into account its significance and current situation, the Concept of the Development of Geographical Education in Russia was adopted. It notes that geography forms the concept of human activity in interaction with the environment at all levels, and geographical information serves as the basis for identifying and solving problems that arise in the process of this interaction. This allows us to conclude that one of the features and tasks of modern geographical education is its greening, which is the subject of this article. As geography and ecology are now closely cooperating, there is a new thread occurring in science. This is geoecology. The article reveals the essence of this term and its conceptual basis. One of the main components of a human culture is the geographic culture. The geographic culture forms thanks to geographical education. Meanwhile, the geographical culture facilitates the formation of the ecological culture. The contemporary literature on geography and ecology often discusses the issue of how the ecological culture is formed. Methodologists are involved in developing various practical extra classes to improve the ecological culture. The major method to study the ecology and geography is a geoecological (ecological) mapping. The mapping facilitates programs and projects aimed at environment protection. The findings of the ecological and geographical researches help create geoecological, landscape and ecological maps. Today researchers are actively developing a unified method for creating such maps. The model or the basis of this method should be a landscape map of a territory. This is particularly urgent these days; regions create charts of their ecological framework. The article also reveals the essence and meaning of a territory’s landscape and ecological framework. Such a complicated system shall be developed by people knowledgeable in geography and ecology. Training such specialist is the top priority of the geographical education.
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Zou, Gao Lu, and K. W. Chau. "Long-Term Equilibrium and Short-Term Dynamics between Metropolitan Housing Markets in China." Advanced Materials Research 905 (April 2014): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.905.343.

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House prices across cities may form long-term relations. Geographic barriers could lead to lack of short-term dynamics. The paper aims to investigate the long-run equilibrium and/or short-run dynamics betweenmetropolitan house pricesin China. The study introduced two cointegration tests and various small-sample corrections. We conductedthe Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality tests. House prices betweencitiesin most regional markets did notshow long-term relations as well as short-term dynamics. Therefore, geographies andtransport costs between cities could reducethe centrifugal forces of city growth. Metropolitan housing markets are typically local.
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Komlenovic, Djurdjica. "Knowledge of geographical map at the end of primary school education in Serbia." Zbornik Instituta za pedagoska istrazivanja 41, no. 2 (2009): 526–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zipi0902526k.

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The paper presents the results of one part of empirical research conducted for the purpose of conceiving the proposal of educational standards for the subject Geography at the end of primary school education. The goal was to determine the extent to which the students were trained to orient themselves and use cartographic method in the process of using geographical map. Research comprised the representative sample of 919 students of the final grade in 159 Serbian primary schools. Achievement Test served for studying the levels of students' knowledge and skills in the field of Geographic Skills. Besides this, the questionnaire studied students' opinion on learning outcomes in this field, and by analyzing contingency tables, the correlation between students' success in geography at the end of the first term of the eighth grade and their opinion about learning outcomes in the afore-mentioned field was determined. The findings of this research indicate that students are not sufficiently trained to orient themselves in space and on geographical map, as well as to use geographical map in instruction. Besides, it was established that there is a correlation between students' success and their opinion on learning outcomes in the field of Geographic Skills.
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Jiang, Bingchuan, Liheng Tan, Yan Ren, and Feng Li. "Intelligent Interaction with Virtual Geographical Environments Based on Geographic Knowledge Graph." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 10 (September 24, 2019): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8100428.

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The core of intelligent virtual geographical environments (VGEs) is the formal expression of geographic knowledge. Its purpose is to transform the data, information, and scenes of a virtual geographic environment into “knowledge” that can be recognized by computer, so that the computer can understand the virtual geographic environment more easily. A geographic knowledge graph (GeoKG) is a large-scale semantic web that stores geographical knowledge in a structured form. Based on a geographic knowledge base and a geospatial database, intelligent interactions with virtual geographical environments can be realized by natural language question answering, entity links, and so on. In this paper, a knowledge-enhanced Virtual geographical environments service framework is proposed. We construct a multi-level semantic parsing model and an enhanced GeoKG for structured geographic information data, such as digital maps, 3D virtual scenes, and unstructured information data. Based on the GeoKG, we propose a bilateral LSTM-CRF (long short-term memory- conditional random field) model to achieve natural language question answering for VGEs and conduct experiments on the method. The results prove that the method of intelligent interaction based on the knowledge graph can bridge the distance between people and virtual environments.
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Ahamer, Gilbert, and Josef Strobl. "Information Technologies Socialise Geographies." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 12, no. 3 (July 2010): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2010070101.

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One of the ethical tasks and practical effects of IT is bridging and spanning different locations, thereby “socialising” across diverse “geographies of understanding”. A dozen documented case studies use IT (especially Geographic Information Sciences) in distance learning. The underlying conceptual model of a network society combined with empirical research on long-term civilisational and economic evolution leads to a general understanding of Information Technologies as facilitators of a multi-perspectivist and multi-disciplinary construction of world views (m:n type of science). Such a synopsis of education, structural evolution, social spaces and institutional change provides insight into IT’s strategic role of facilitating consensus building and constructing common world views that can socially converge (“socialise”) isolated cultures of understanding. “Geography” is here seen as a provider of world views that emerge from communicative action. The presented cases in this paper span both geographic locations as well as constructed cultures of understanding.
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Desmet, Klaus, Dávid Krisztián Nagy, and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg. "Asia's Geographic Development." Asian Development Review 34, no. 2 (August 2017): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/adev_a_00093.

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This paper studies the impact of spatial frictions on Asia's long-term spatial development. Using the framework provided in Desmet, Nagy, and Rossi-Hansberg ( 2016 ), we analyze the evolution of Asia's economy and the relative performance of specific regions and countries. We then perform a number of counterfactual experiments and find that a worldwide drop in transport costs of 40% increases the present discounted value of real income by 70.7% globally and 78% in Asia. These figures are much larger than those found in standard quantitative trade models because they include dynamic effects and take into account intracountry transport costs. We also perform exercises in which we upgrade Asia's road network or relax migratory restrictions between locations in Asia. These exercises emphasize the important role of spatial frictions in the development of Asia's economy.
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DAMBUEV, I. A. "GEOGRAPHIC TERM ТОЛГОЙ IN THE TOPONYMY OF ETHNIC BURYATIA." Najdakov Readings 4, no. 1 (2018): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30792/2222-7547.2018.023-025.

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Ringbaek, Thomas J., Peter Lange, and Kaj Viskum. "Geographic Variation in Long-term Oxygen Therapy in Denmark." Chest 119, no. 6 (June 2001): 1711–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.119.6.1711.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geographic Term"

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Delnord, Marie. "Understanding geographic and temporal variations in preterm birth rates and trends : an international study in 34 high-income countries." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB059/document.

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La prématurité, définie par une naissance avant 37 semaines d’aménorrhées (SA), est une cause majeur de mortalité et de morbidité infantile. Comparés aux enfants nés à terme, les prématurés font face à des risques importants de troubles moteurs et cognitifs durant l'enfance, ainsi que de maladies chroniques et décès prématurés à l’âge adulte. La prématurité constitue un enjeu important de santé publique et en Europe, les taux varient entre 5 et 10%. Notre objectif pour cette thèse était de mieux comprendre les sources d’hétérogénéité des taux à l’échelle des pays. Dans un premier temps, nous avons effectué une revue exhaustive de la littérature qui montre que les caractéristiques maternelles, les pratiques médicales, et les méthodes d'estimation de l'âge gestationnel ont un impact sur les taux de prématurité. Cependant, ces facteurs n'expliquent pas l’ampleur des différences observées entre les pays. Puis, en utilisant des données sur les femmes enceintes, les nouveau-nés et les mort-nés dans 34 pays à revenus élevés de 1996 à 2010, nous avons établi que: 1) les différences d'enregistrement des naissances dans les pays à revenus élevés ont un impact limité sur les taux, sauf pour les naissances à 22-23 SA, 2) les tendances de PTB dans les pays sont associées à des variations plus importantes dans la distribution des âges gestationnels 3) et enfin, en utilisant les données d'un échantillon représentatif des naissances en France en 2010, qu’il existe des facteurs de risques maternels prénatals et socio-démographiques communs aux naissances avant terme (<37SA) et proche du terme à 37-38 SA. Viser à réduire les facteurs de risques de la naissance proche du terme et de la prématurité dans une approche conjointe pourrait apporter un nouvel élan à la prévention de la prématurité. Comparés aux enfants prématurés, les enfants nés proche du terme sont individuellement moins à risque, mais à l’échelle des pays ces enfants représentent environ une naissance sur quatre et ils contribuent de manière importante au fardeau de morbi-mortalité néonatale et infantile. Au niveau national, élargir les efforts de prévention de la prématurité à cette nouvelle population-cible pourrait avoir un plus grand impact sur la santé publique
Preterm birth (PTB), defined as birth before 37 weeks, is a leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity. Compared to term infants, preterm infants face important risks of motor and cognitive impairments throughout childhood, as well as chronic diseases and premature death later in life. PTB represents a significant public health burden and in Europe, rates range between 5 and 10%. Such wide differences suggest that reductions may be possible, but there are few effective interventions, and these tend to target selected groups of high-risk pregnancies, based on clinical risk factors. Our aim for this thesis was to better appraise sources of population-level PTB rate variations and trends. First, we conducted an exhaustive review of the literature and found that maternal characteristics, reproductive policies, medical practices and methods of gestational age (GA) estimation affected PTB rates, but could not explain observed differences across countries. Next, using population-based data on pregnant women, newborns and stillbirths in 34 high-income countries from 1996 to 2010, we showed that: 1) reporting criteria for births and deaths affected PTB rates at early gestations and PTB rankings, but differences between countries with high and low rates are not just due to artefact 2) PTB trends were associated with broader shifts in countries’ gestational age GA distribution of births, and 3) using data from a representative sample of births in France in 2010, that there were shared maternal prenatal and socio-demographic risk factors for deliveries that did not reach full term, at 39 weeks GA. Our work confirms that recording differences in high-income countries have a limited impact on PTB rate variations. However, a broader focus on earlier delivery, including early term birth at 37-38 weeks, could shed light on the determinants of low PTB rates and provide a useful public health prevention paradigm
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Wang, Xiao-Yu. "Spatial analysis of long-term exposure to air pollution and cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane, Australia." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16627/.

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Air pollution is ranked by the World Health Organisation as one of the top ten contributors to the global burden of disease and injury. Epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to air pollution is associated with cardiorespiratory diseases. However, most of the previous studies have looked at this issue using air pollution data from a single monitoring site or average values from a few monitoring sites in a city. There is increasing concern that the relationships between air pollution and mortality may vary with geographical area, particularly for a big city. This thesis consisted of three interlinked studies that aimed to examine the spatial variation in the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollution and cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane, Australia. The first study evaluated the long-term air pollution trends in Brisbane, Australia. Air pollution data used in this study were provided by the Queensland Environmental Protection Agency (QEPA). The data comprised the daily average concentrations of particulate matter less then 10 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 2004 in two monitoring sites (i.e. Eagle farm and Rocklea), and in other available monitoring sites between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2004. Computerised data files of daily mortality between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2004 in Brisbane city were provided by the Office of Economic and Statistical Research of the Queensland Treasury. Population data and the Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) data in 2001 were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) for each statistical local area (SLA) of the Brisbane city. The long-term air pollution (the daily maximum 1-hour average or daily 24-hour average concentrations of NO2, O3 and PM10) trends were evaluated using a polynomial regression model in two monitoring sites (Eagle Farm and Rocklea) in Brisbane, Australia, between 1980 and 2003. The study found that there were significant up-and-down features for air pollution concentrations in both monitoring sites in Brisbane. Rocklea recorded a substantially higher number of days with concentrations above the relevant daily maximum 1-hour or 24-hour standards than that in Eagle Farm. Additionally, there was a significant spatial variation in air pollution concentrations between these areas. Therefore, the results indicated a need to examine the spatial variation in the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollution and cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane. The second study examined the spatial variation of SO2 concentrations and cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane between 1999 and 2001. Air pollutant concentrations were estimated using geographical information systems (GIS) techniques at a SLA level. Spatial distribution analysis and a multivariable logistic regression model were employed to investigate the impact of gaseous air pollution on cardiorespiratory mortality after adjusting for potential confounding effects of age, sex, calendar year and SEIFA. The results of this study indicate that for every 1 ppb increase in annual average SO2 concentration, there was an estimated increase of 4.4 % (95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.4 - 7.6 %) and 4.8 % (95 % CI: 2.0 - 7.7 %) in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory mortality, respectively. We estimated that the excess number of cardiorespiratory deaths attributable to SO2 was 312 (3.4% of total cardiorespiratory deaths) in Brisbane during the study period. Our results suggest that long-term exposure to SO2, even at low levels, is a significant hazard to population health. The final study examined the association of long-term exposure to gaseous air pollution (including NO2, O3 and SO2) with cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane, Australia, 1996 - 2004. The pollutant concentrations were estimated using GIS techniques at a SLA level. Logistic regression was used to investigate the impact of NO2, O3 and SO2 on cardiorespiratory mortality after adjusting for potential confounding effects of age, sex, calendar year and SEIFA. The study found that there was an estimated 3.1% (95% CI: 0.4 - 5.8%) and 0.5% (95% CI: -0.03 - 1.3 %) increase in cardiorespiratory mortality for 1 ppb increment in annual average concentration of SO2 and O3, respectively. However there was no significant relationship between NO2 and cardiorespiratory mortality observed in the multiple gaseous pollutants model. The results also indicated that long-term exposure to gaseous air pollutants in Brisbane, even at the levels lower than most cities in the world (especially SO2), were associated with cardiorespiratory mortality. Therefore, spatial patterns of gaseous air pollutants and their impact on health outcomes need to be assessed for an evaluation of long-term effects of air pollution on population health in metropolitan areas. This study examined the relationship between air pollution and health outcomes. GIS and relevant mapping technologies were used to display the spatial patterns of air pollution and cardiorespiratory mortality at a SLA level. The results of this study show that long-term exposure to gaseous air pollution was associated with cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane and this association appeared to vary with geographic area. These findings may have important public health implications in the control and prevention of air pollution-related health effects, since now many countries and governments have paid more attention to control wide spread air pollution and to protect our environment and human health.
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3

Wang, Xiao Yu. "Spatial analysis of long-term exposure to air pollution and cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane, Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16627/1/Xiao-Yu_Wang_Thesis.pdf.

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Air pollution is ranked by the World Health Organisation as one of the top ten contributors to the global burden of disease and injury. Epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to air pollution is associated with cardiorespiratory diseases. However, most of the previous studies have looked at this issue using air pollution data from a single monitoring site or average values from a few monitoring sites in a city. There is increasing concern that the relationships between air pollution and mortality may vary with geographical area, particularly for a big city. This thesis consisted of three interlinked studies that aimed to examine the spatial variation in the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollution and cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane, Australia. The first study evaluated the long-term air pollution trends in Brisbane, Australia. Air pollution data used in this study were provided by the Queensland Environmental Protection Agency (QEPA). The data comprised the daily average concentrations of particulate matter less then 10 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 2004 in two monitoring sites (i.e. Eagle farm and Rocklea), and in other available monitoring sites between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2004. Computerised data files of daily mortality between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2004 in Brisbane city were provided by the Office of Economic and Statistical Research of the Queensland Treasury. Population data and the Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) data in 2001 were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) for each statistical local area (SLA) of the Brisbane city. The long-term air pollution (the daily maximum 1-hour average or daily 24-hour average concentrations of NO2, O3 and PM10) trends were evaluated using a polynomial regression model in two monitoring sites (Eagle Farm and Rocklea) in Brisbane, Australia, between 1980 and 2003. The study found that there were significant up-and-down features for air pollution concentrations in both monitoring sites in Brisbane. Rocklea recorded a substantially higher number of days with concentrations above the relevant daily maximum 1-hour or 24-hour standards than that in Eagle Farm. Additionally, there was a significant spatial variation in air pollution concentrations between these areas. Therefore, the results indicated a need to examine the spatial variation in the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollution and cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane. The second study examined the spatial variation of SO2 concentrations and cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane between 1999 and 2001. Air pollutant concentrations were estimated using geographical information systems (GIS) techniques at a SLA level. Spatial distribution analysis and a multivariable logistic regression model were employed to investigate the impact of gaseous air pollution on cardiorespiratory mortality after adjusting for potential confounding effects of age, sex, calendar year and SEIFA. The results of this study indicate that for every 1 ppb increase in annual average SO2 concentration, there was an estimated increase of 4.4 % (95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.4 - 7.6 %) and 4.8 % (95 % CI: 2.0 - 7.7 %) in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory mortality, respectively. We estimated that the excess number of cardiorespiratory deaths attributable to SO2 was 312 (3.4% of total cardiorespiratory deaths) in Brisbane during the study period. Our results suggest that long-term exposure to SO2, even at low levels, is a significant hazard to population health. The final study examined the association of long-term exposure to gaseous air pollution (including NO2, O3 and SO2) with cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane, Australia, 1996 - 2004. The pollutant concentrations were estimated using GIS techniques at a SLA level. Logistic regression was used to investigate the impact of NO2, O3 and SO2 on cardiorespiratory mortality after adjusting for potential confounding effects of age, sex, calendar year and SEIFA. The study found that there was an estimated 3.1% (95% CI: 0.4 - 5.8%) and 0.5% (95% CI: -0.03 - 1.3 %) increase in cardiorespiratory mortality for 1 ppb increment in annual average concentration of SO2 and O3, respectively. However there was no significant relationship between NO2 and cardiorespiratory mortality observed in the multiple gaseous pollutants model. The results also indicated that long-term exposure to gaseous air pollutants in Brisbane, even at the levels lower than most cities in the world (especially SO2), were associated with cardiorespiratory mortality. Therefore, spatial patterns of gaseous air pollutants and their impact on health outcomes need to be assessed for an evaluation of long-term effects of air pollution on population health in metropolitan areas. This study examined the relationship between air pollution and health outcomes. GIS and relevant mapping technologies were used to display the spatial patterns of air pollution and cardiorespiratory mortality at a SLA level. The results of this study show that long-term exposure to gaseous air pollution was associated with cardiorespiratory mortality in Brisbane and this association appeared to vary with geographic area. These findings may have important public health implications in the control and prevention of air pollution-related health effects, since now many countries and governments have paid more attention to control wide spread air pollution and to protect our environment and human health.
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Gonçalves, Daniel Ruiz Potma. "Soil carbon balance in long-term no-till in a sub-tropical environment." Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 2018. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2525.

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Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2018-06-05T17:14:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Daniel Ruiz Potma.pdf: 3450096 bytes, checksum: 03d21d00bc051ccb6c35ac3df1c5fe14 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-05T17:14:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Daniel Ruiz Potma.pdf: 3450096 bytes, checksum: 03d21d00bc051ccb6c35ac3df1c5fe14 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-18
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Solos podem ser uma fonte ou um dreno de CO2 atmosférico, dependendo do seu sistema de manejo. Atualmente, o uso do solo e mudança de uso do solo emitem 1,3 ± 0,5 Pg C ano-1, equivalente a 8% das emissões globais. Técnicas como a agricultura de baixa emissão de C têm sido desenvolvidas para sequestrar C nos solos e reduzir a emissão de gases do efeito estufa. Porém, além dos desafios políticos e sociais envolvendo a doção destes sistemas, ainda há muita incerteza sobre o seu real potencial de mitigação. Assim, os objetivos desse estudo foram: i) Quantificar as fontes históricas e atuais de emissão de gases do efeito estufa na região dos Campos Gerais do Paraná, Brasil; ii) quantificar o potencial das melhores práticas de manejo agrícola baseadas nos três pilares da agricultura de conservação: Solo permanentemente coberto, plantio direto e rotação de culturas, em longo prazo (30 anos) para sequestrar carbono no solo, utilizando a fazenda Paiquerê (localizada na região dos Campos Gerais) como um modelo de sucesso; iii) estimar o impacto da adoção das melhores práticas de manejo nas áreas agrícolas da região e globalmente onde adequadas pelos próximos 100 anos utilizando os modelos Century e Roth-C. As fontes de gases do efeito estufa foram apresentadas como um inventário e mostraram que as emissões históricas (1930 – 2017) foram 412,18 Tg C, no qual as mudanças de uso do solo contribuíram com 91% (376,2±130 Tg C). As florestas sequestraram 51.7 ± 23.9 Tg C em 0.6 Mha em 47 anos (1.8 Tg C Mha-1 ano-1) e o plantio direto sequestrou 30.4 ± 23.9 Tg C em 1.9 Mha em 32 anos (0.5 Tg C Mha-1 ano-1). Ambos os modelos tiveram uma boa performance e o modelo Century foi mais eficiente em simular os estoques de carbono do solo, o resíduo médio da simulação foi 10 Mg C ha−1 (13%) para n = 91. O resíduo do modelo aumentou com a quantidade de óxidos no solo, sugerindo que a inclusão do controle mineralógico pode reduzir o viés de simulação. As predições do Century mostraram que o sistema tem potencial para mitigar 13 anos de emissões regionais (330 Tg C em 100 anos) ou 105 anos de emissões do setor agricultura, floresta e pecuária (40 Tg em 100 anos) na região. Da mesma forma, globalmente o sistema apresenta um potencial para sequestrar 2,5 ± 0.02 Pg C na profundidade 0–20 cm e 11,7 ± 3 Pg C na profundidade 0-100 cm em 86 milhões de ha distribuídos por todo o mundo. Este valor é equivalente à 11% das emissões globais dos setores agricultura, floresta e pecuária e mudanças de uso do solo. Assim, a nossa metodologia possa ser utilizada como um modelo para divulgar o potencial da agricultura conservacionista em sequestrar C nos solos e suportar políticas públicas que visem à mitigação das emissões de gases do efeito estufa.
Soils can be a source or sink of atmospheric CO2, according to land use and management. Currently the land use and land use change (LULUC) emits 1.3 ± 0.5 Pg carbon (C) year-1, equivalent to 8% of the global annual emission. Techniques such as low carbon agriculture, has been developed to sequester C in soils and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, besides political and social challenges for the system adoption, there’s still great uncertainty related to its real mitigation potential. This study aimed: i) Quantify the historical and current main sources of GHG emissions for Campos Gerais region in Paraná state, Brazil; ii) quantify the potential of long term (30 years) agricultural best management practices, based on the three pillars of conservative agriculture: permanent soil cover, crop rotation and no-till, to sequester C in soils, using Paiquerê farm (located in Campos Gerais region) as a successful model; iii) estimate the impact of best management practices adoption in the region croplands and globally for the next 100 years where is suitable using Century and Roth-C models. The GHG emission sources were presented as an inventory and showed that historical (1930 – 2017) GHG emissions in the region was 412.18 Tg C, in which LULUC contributes 91% (376.2±130 Tg C). Forestry sequestered 51.7 ± 23.9 Tg C in 0.6 Mha in 47 years (1.8 Tg C Mha-1 year-1) and no-till sequestered 30.4 ± 23.9 Tg C in 1.9 Mha in 32 years (0.5 Tg C Mha-1 year-1). Both models performed well, and Century was more efficient for simulate the SOC stocks, the mean residue was 10 Mg C ha−1 (13%) for n = 91. The model residue increased along with the oxides content in the soil clay fraction, suggesting that mineralogical control inclusion can reduce the model simulation bias. Century predictions showed that the system currently practiced at Paiquerê farm have the potential to mitigate 13 years of regional total emissions (330 Tg C in 100 years) or 105 years of agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector emissions (40 Tg in 100 years) in the region. In the same way, it has the potential to sequester 2.5±0.02 Pg C at 0-20 cm and 11.7±3 Pg C at 0-100 cm soil depth in 86 million ha globally. This is equivalent to 11% of global annual emissions from LULUC sector. In this way, our methodology can be used as a model to access the potential of conservation agriculture to sequester C and support public policies aiming to mitigate GHG emissions.
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Hunnicutt, Jacob N. "Opioid Use and Safety in United States Nursing Homes." eScholarship@UMMS, 2018. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/975.

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Background: Opioids are often used in nursing homes to manage non-malignant pain, but little is known about their long-term use, initiation, and comparative safety. Methods: We used the Minimum Data Set 3.0 from 2011-2013 merged to Medicare and facility characteristics data to study opioid use and safety among older, long-stay residents. The specific aims were to examine the 1) prevalence of long-term opioid use; 2) geographic variation in the initiation of commonly used opioids (oxycodone, hydrocodone, tramadol); and 3) comparative safety of commonly used opioids and fracture hospitalizations. Results: One in seven long-stay residents were prescribed opioids long-term. There was extensive geographic variation in the initiation of commonly used opioids, with oxycodone (9.4%) initiated less frequently than hydrocodone (56.2%) or tramadol (34.5%) but varying most extensively across the United States, with the majority of variation in prescribing explained by state of residence. Compared to hydrocodone initiators (7.9 fracture hospitalizations per 100-person years), those initiating tramadol had lower rates of fracture hospitalizations (subdistribution hazard ratio [HRSD] = 0.67, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.56-0.80), whereas oxycodone initiators had similar rates of fracture hospitalizations (HRSD=1.08, 95% CI: 0.79-1.48). Conclusion: The prevalence of long-term opioid use was twice as common in nursing homes as community settings, with initiation patterns varying extensively by region and being strongly driven by state of residence. Although initiating tramadol was associated with lower rates of fractures than hydrocodone, questions on opioid risks and benefits remain and are especially pertinent given the high mortality rates in this population.
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Mack, Deborah Sara. "Statin Pharmacotherapy in U.S. Nursing Homes." eScholarship@UMMS, 2020. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/1104.

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Background: Statins have questionable benefits among older adults with life-limiting illness. Statin use is widespread among U.S. older adults, but little is known about use in nursing homes. This dissertation was designed to identify the prevalence and predictors of statin pharmacotherapy use and discontinuation in U.S. nursing homes. Methods: Data sources (2011-2016) included: Minimum Data Set 3.0, Medicare administrative claims data, Provider of Service files, and Dartmouth Atlas files. Analyses included: descriptive statistics, multilevel modeling, and proportional change in cluster variations with adjustments to reduce confounding and model misspecification. Results: Approximately 36% of older adults admitted to U.S. nursing homes between 2015 – 2016 were actively using statins at the time of admission. Among long-stay residents with life-limiting illness, 34% were on statins at one time (2016; aged 65-75 years: 44%, >75 years: 31%). Statin use varied significantly by hospital referral regions, with most variation in the >75 age group. Limiting the sample to statin users, 20% discontinued statins within 30 days of nursing home admission. While discontinuation was positively associated with severity of life-limiting condition, the majority of residents remained on statins 30 days post-admission, including those with a < 6-month prognosis. Conclusion: Statin use is pervasive across US nursing homes and persists with life-limiting illness. Geographic variation appeared to coincide with clinical uncertainty, especially among adults >75 with few national guidelines. More needs to be done to prioritize statin deprescribing in nursing homes with research that identifies ways to facilitate improved patient-provider awareness and engagement in the discontinuation process.
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Toumi, Narjess. "Essays on the performance of initial public offerings." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC0005.

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Cette thèse est composée de trois essais qui étudient le déroulement des introductions en bourse. Dans le premier essai, nous examinons l’effet de la séparation propriété-contrôle sur la performance des offres publiques initiales (IPO) à long terme en France. En utilisant un échantillon de 351 entreprises françaises introduites en bourse sur la période 1997-2011, nous constatons que la séparation entre les droits de vote et les droits de propriété des actionnaires majoritaires est négativement associée à la performance à long terme des introductions en bourse. Cette constatation indique que les IPO ayant une structure de propriété dispersée sont moins performantes que les autres entreprises au cours de la période allant de 1 à 5 ans suivant l'offre initiale. Cette séparation incite les actionnaires dominants à retirer des avantages privés de contrôle au détriment des actionnaires minoritaires.Dans le deuxième essai, nous examinons le rôle des clauses de lock-up sur la précision des prévisions de résultat publiées dans le prospectus d'introduction en bourse. En utilisant un échantillon de 303 prévisions des entreprises françaises introduites en bourse entre 1997 et 2013, nous apportons la preuve que les introductions en bourse ayant plus d'actions à détenir, ainsi que celles qui choisissent des périodes de lock-up plus longues, sont plus susceptibles de divulguer des prévisions de résultats conservatrices et précises. Ces résultats sont robustes à un certain nombre de tests de sensibilité.Dans le troisième essai, nous étudions l'impact de la localisation géographique sur la sous-évaluation à court terme des introductions en bourse françaises. Les résultats montrent que les entreprises situées à proximité du centre financier parisien sont moins sous-estimées que les entreprises distantes. Ces résultats fournissent un support empirique à l'argument selon lequel l'incertitude sur la valeur des IPO augmente proportionnellement à la distance de Paris. En d'autres termes, la proximité géographique améliore la qualité des informations collectées sur les entreprises, ce qui réduit leurs coûts d'introduction en bourse et diminue le niveau des rendements initiaux
This dissertation consists of three essays. In the first essay, we investigate whether the control-ownership divergence can explain IPO long-run performance in France. Using data from a sample of 351 French IPOs during 1997-2011, we find that the separation between ownership and control rights of the largest shareholder is negatively associated with long-term performance of French IPOs. This finding indicates that IPOs with disproportional ownership structure underperform other firms in the one- to five-year period following the initial offering. Such separation induces controlling shareholders to extract private benefits of control to the detriment of minority shareholders.In the second essay, we examine the effect of lockup agreements on management earnings forecasts in initial public offering (IPO) prospectuses. Using a sample of 303 forecasts of French firms that went public over the period 1997–2013, we find that IPOs with lockup clauses are more likely to disclose conservative profit forecasts. Moreover, we provide evidence that IPOs with more shares to lock up, as well as those selecting longer lockup periods, have more accurate management earnings forecasts. These results are robust to a number of sensitivity tests.In the third essay, we examine the impact of geographic location on the short–run underpricing of French initial public offerings (IPOs). The results show that firms located in close proximity to the financial centre, Paris, are less underpriced than distant ones. These findings provide empirical support to the argument that uncertainty about IPO value increases with distance from Paris. In other words, geographic proximity improves the quality of collected information on IPO firms, which lowers their costs of going public and decreases the level of initial returns
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Lanzara, Gianandrea <1986&gt. "Essays in Economic Geography and Long-Term Development." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9528/1/thesis_final.pdf.

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This dissertation has two main themes: first, the economic impact of tourism on cities and, secondly, the determinants of European long-run development, with a focus on the pre-Industrial era. The common thread is the attempt to develop economic geography models that incorporate spatial frictions and are liable to be given empirical content. Chapter 1, written in conjunction with G. Alfredo Minerva, provides an empirical analysis of the relationship between tourism and economic activity across Italian municipalities, and lays down the basic elements of an urban theory of tourism in an a-spatial setting. Chapter 2 extends these ideas to a quantitative urban framework to study the economic impact and the welfare consequences of tourism into the city of Venice. The model is given empirical content thanks to a large collection of data at the Census tract level for the Municipality of Venice, and then used to perform counterfactual policty analysis. In chapter 3, with Matteo Santacesaria, we consider a setting where agents are continuously distributed over a two-dimensional heterogeneous geography, and are allowed to do business at a finite set of markets. We study the equilibrium partition of the economic space into a collection of mutually-exclusive market areas, and provide condition for this equilibrium partition to exist and to be unique. Finally, chapter 4 "The rise of (urban) Europe: a Quantitative-Spatial analysis", co-authored with Matteo Cervellati and Alex Lehner, sets up a quantitative economic geography model to understand the roots of the Industrial Revolution, in an attempt to match the evolution of the European urban network, and the corresponding city-size distribution, over the period A.D. 1000-1850. It highlights the importance of agricultural trade across cities for the emergence of large manufacturing hubs.
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Chubachi, Natsuko. "Geographies of nisei Japanese Canadians and their attitudes towards elderly long-term care." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0001/MQ42599.pdf.

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Barnett, Sarah Anne Louise. "An application of multilevel modelling techniques to the study of geographical variations in health outcome measures." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327258.

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Books on the topic "Geographic Term"

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Environmental Management Technical Center (National Biological Survey), ed. Long Term Resource Monitoring Program standard operating procedures. [Onalaska, Wis.]: National Biological Service, Environmental Management Technical Center, 1995.

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Wright, J. Patrick. A pilot for long-term monitoring of resources on the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon using geographic information systems. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Group, Environmental Resources Leadership Team, Technical Service Center, 1995.

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Shepard, M. P. Long-term trends in the contributions of salmon from different geographic areas to the commercial fisheries of the North Pacific. Vancouver, B.C: Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, Regional Planning and Economics Branch, 1985.

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Long-term changes of nutrient fluxes in the drainage basin of the gulf of Finland: Application of the PolFlow model. Tallinn: TUT Press, 2007.

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Piirimäe, Kristjan. Long-term changes of nutrient fluxes in the drainage basin of the gulf of Finland: Application of the PolFlow model. Tallinn: TUT Press, 2007.

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Parker, W. H. Seed zone delineation for jack pine in the former northwest region of Ontario using short-term testing and geographic information systems. Sault Ste. Marie, Ont: Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1996.

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Parker, W. H. Seed zone delineation for jack pine in the former northwest region of Ontario using short-term testing and geographic information systems. Sault Ste. Marie, Ont: Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1996.

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Maktab al-Dāʼim li-Tansīq al-Taʻrīb fī al-ʻĀlam al-ʻArabī., ed. Unified dictionary of geographical terms: English, French, Arabic. [Tunis]: Arab League Educational Cultural and Scientific Organization, Bureau of Coordination of Arabization, 1994.

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Centre for Network System and Spatial Data Standardization (Indonesia). Division of Spatial Dataset Standardization., ed. Dictionary of terms related to feature names used in geographic information. [Cibinong]: Division of Spatial Dataset Standardization, Centre for Network System and Spatial Data Standardization, Deputy for Spatial Data Infrastructure, National Coordinating Agency for Surveys and Mapping, 2006.

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Centre for Network System and Spatial Data Standardization (Indonesia). Division of Spatial Dataset Standardization., ed. Dictionary of terms related to feature names used in geographic information. [Cibinong]: Division of Spatial Dataset Standardization, Centre for Network System and Spatial Data Standardization, Deputy for Spatial Data Infrastructure, National Coordinating Agency for Surveys and Mapping, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geographic Term"

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Zimmerer, Karl S. "Geographic Approaches to LTSER: Principal Themes and Concepts with a Case Study of Andes-Amazon Watersheds." In Long Term Socio-Ecological Research, 163–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1177-8_8.

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Grofman, Bernard, and Neil Sutherland. "Gubernatorial Term Limits and Term Lengths in Historical Perspective, 1790–1990: Geographic Diffusion, Non-Separability, and the Ratchet Effect." In Legislative Term Limits: Public Choice Perspectives, 279–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1812-2_18.

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Semple, Tara. "Methodology and Methods." In Kultur und gesellschaftliche Praxis, 35–53. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-39536-0_2.

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AbstractThe Hipster as an ideal type does not exist as a sociologically identifiable form, but much rather as a discursive, vague and diffuse term. It is a typological term used in social and medial discourse to describe ideal types that differ greatly across various geographic and demographic discourses, and that have subtle but significant differences in meaning. One option is to look at what these definitions have in common, which would be difficult to achieve as there are so many discourses taking place and the term itself is indefinite.
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Criscuolo, Laura, Paola Carrara, Alessandro Oggioni, Alessandra Pugnetti, and Massimo Antoninetti. "Can VGI and Mobile Apps Support Long-Term Ecological Research? A Test in Remote Areas of the Alps." In Mobile Information Systems Leveraging Volunteered Geographic Information for Earth Observation, 53–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70878-2_3.

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Fischer, Johanna, Alexander Polte, and Meika Sternkopf. "Introduction of Long-Term Care Systems: The Nascent Diffusion of an Emergent Field of Social Policy." In Networks and Geographies of Global Social Policy Diffusion, 139–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83403-6_6.

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AbstractThe introduction of social protection schemes for long-term cares that is assistance with daily living activities in case of extended impairments, constitutes a comparably recent development. Taking a birds-eye perspective, this chapter explores which international interdependencies and national constellations contributed to the establishment of long-term case systems from 1945 to 2010. In particular, we investigate the relevance of channels of horizontal diffusion, that is, geographic proximity, cultural similarity, and colonial ties, the influence of the European Union as well as domestic factors such as problem pressure and women’s political empowerment.
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Nastula, J., O. Kotreleva, B. Kołaczek, and W. Kosek. "Time-Frequency Characteristics of the Pressure Term of the Eaam Excitation Functions in Some Geographic Regions." In Geodesy on the Move, 339–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72245-5_52.

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Paxton, John. "Geographical Terms." In The Statesman’s Year-Book World Gazetteer, 654–93. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21382-5_2.

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Hall, Margeret, Christian Haas, Johanna Schacht, and Steven O. Kimbrough. "The Socialoid: A Computational Model of a City." In Market Engineering, 199–219. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66661-3_12.

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AbstractA socialoid (our term) is an integrated collection of data and models about a society. As such, and accepting that it can never be complete, it is a computational model of a society. We are in the early stages of building a socialoid for Philadelphia, PA. We call it the Philadelphioid. The Philadelphioid is a diachronic (temporal), mashed, geographic information system (GIS) with an extensive integrated library of integrated analytics tools. The purpose of this chapter is to articulate our design rationale for the Philadelphioid and to illustrate its underlying concepts and premises. Central among these concepts is the principle of solution pluralism, which enjoins us to use analytics and visualization to create and explore multiple solutions to decision problems. We illustrate an application of this philosophy by discussing analysis pertaining to food deserts carried out with the Philadelphioid.
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Clark, Gordon L., and Ashby H. B. Monk. "Long-Term Investment Management." In The Routledge Handbook of Financial Geography, 263–85. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge companions in business, management & marketing: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351119061-15.

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Bednarz, Sarah W., and Roger M. Downs. "Geography Education." In Geography in America at the Dawn of the 21st Century. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233923.003.0041.

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The evolution of the profession of geography as an academic discipline has been intertwined with the teaching of geography in schools and colleges (Warntz 1964; Blouet 1981; Cormack 1997; Douglas 1998). Even today, the largest proportion of members of the Association of American Geographers (AAG) is employed in higher education and is charged with teaching high school graduates. The short-term fortunes of academic Departments of Geography are a direct function of student credit hours generated. Therefore, the long-term viability of Departments is a function of significant numbers of students being willing—or required—to take college geography courses. Motivation for optional or mandatory participation in geographic learning at all levels of instruction is a cause of and a response to society’s valuation of geographic knowledge. Over the past two decades, American society has placed an increasing value on geographic literacy, although what it means to be geographically literate remains subject to debate. In this chapter, we use the definition from the National Geography Standards (hereafter referred to as the Standards) (Geography Education Standards Project 1994: 34), “The outcome of Geography for Life is a geographically informed person (1) who sees meaning in the arrangement of things in space; (2) who see relations between people, places, and environments; (3) who uses geographic skills; and (4) who applies spatial and ecological perspectives to life situations.” The increasing valuation of geographic knowledge has been facilitated by an infrastructure ranging from the National Geographic Society’s (NGS) state alliance network to the AAG’s Commission on College Geography, publicized through activities such as the National Geographic Bee, and Environmental Science Research Institute (ESRI)’s “Geography Matters” campaign, and codified through public commitment to programs such as the Standards and the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). In light of the changing role of geography in American society, the Geography Education Specialty Group (GESG) adopted a revised mission statement in 1999. Its goal is, “To promote research on the lifelong development of knowledge about the world through geography; to develop the theory and foster the practice of teaching and learning geography in formal and informal educational contexts; and to be an advocate for geographic literacy” (AAG GESG 1999: 1).
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Conference papers on the topic "Geographic Term"

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Leveling, Johannes. "Exploring term selection for geographic blind feedback." In the 4th ACM workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1316948.1316961.

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Vasiliev, Alexander B. "SOME PROBLEMS OF OPTIMIZATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL COMPETENCE IN THE TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS." In Treshnikov readings – 2022 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-88-4-2022-255-256.

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The author gives high priority of terms traditional interpretation as objective, impersonal “concept” in it negative influence. Scientific term as a verbal phenomenon is a symbol of private views on realty. The problem is related with scientific language correct adoption in education process.
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Li, Tong. "Short-term Load Forecasting Based On Geographic Information System." In 2016 6th International Conference on Machinery, Materials, Environment, Biotechnology and Computer. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mmebc-16.2016.151.

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Sun, Yiwen, Yulu Wang, Kun Fu, Zheng Wang, Changshui Zhang, and Jieping Ye. "Constructing Geographic and Long-term Temporal Graph for Traffic Forecasting." In 2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412506.

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Mieses, Alejandrio. "Synthesizing the Gaseous State: Mapping the Geographic Convergence of Knowledge." In 2017 ACSA Annual Conference. ACSA Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.amp.105.27.

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Synthesizing the Gaseous State is an ongoing research effort that uses neural networks to map word relations, hierarchies, gaps, and foci of terms within large data sets of architecture and urban theory, as they are graphed geographically by epoch. It chooses to extend the usual application of algorithms from structural, physical, spatial, or mathematical purposes, to include theoretical concerns. The methodology employed in order to achieve this relies on each term stored according to its contextual relations (words directly surrounding the term in a sentence) that are referenced according to their place in multiple texts and occurrences within the same text.
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McBee, K. D., D. Bukofzer, J. Chong, and S. Bhullar. "Forecasting Long-term Electric Vehicle Energy Demand in a Specific Geographic Region." In 2020 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm41954.2020.9282045.

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Stepanidou, Liountmila, Dionysis Grigoriadis, Thomas Katagis, Dimitris Stavrakoudis, Ioannis Gitas, Eleni Dragozi, Alexandra Stefanidou, and Maria Tompoulidou. "Mid-term fire danger index based on satellite imagery and ancillary geographic data." In Fifth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2017), edited by Giorgos Papadavid, Diofantos G. Hadjimitsis, Silas Michaelides, Vincent Ambrosia, Kyriacos Themistocleous, and Gunter Schreier. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2278214.

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Mills, Andrew D., and Ryan H. Wiser. "Implications of geographic diversity for short-term variability and predictability of solar power." In 2011 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2011.6039888.

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Huang, Longji, Jianbin Huang, and He Li. "Long-term multi-dimensional spatial-temporal graph convolution for urban sensors imputation and augmentation." In SIGSPATIAL '22: The 30th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3557915.3561010.

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Costello, Bridget McKenney. "Travel as pedagogy: embodied learning in short-term study abroad." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11312.

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In this paper I discuss a model for creating embodied learning opportunities in study abroad curricula, which purposefully uses students’ physical movement through foreign landscapes to inform and enhance their understanding of local social, political, economic, cultural, and historical phenomena. Pedagogical tactics include: challenging and reframing the common distinction between “important” and “unimportant” instructional times and places; loosely structured itineraries that allow for greater student autonomy and collaboration; seeking multiple vantage points (both geographic and textual) from which to observe and analyze locations; purposeful and attentive travel between study locations that helps connect cognitive to visceral experience. These tactics help students cultivate the ability to read landscapes, a skill that them to understand a landscape not only as historical narrative but also as a social actor that influences and is influenced by the everyday practices of people who inhabit it. To demonstrate these strategies, I discuss how they were implemented in a recent short-term study abroad program to various sites within the former Yugoslavia.
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Reports on the topic "Geographic Term"

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Mills, Andrew, and Ryan Wiser. Implications of Wide-Area Geographic Diversity for Short- Term Variability of Solar Power. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/986925.

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Albert, James, Carina Hoorn, Yadvinder Malhi, Oliver Phillips, Andrea C. Encalada, Hans ter Steege, John Melack, et al. The multiple viewpoints for the Amazon: geographic limits and meanings. UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55161/hkfz7577.

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The geographic term “Amazon” describes several distinct but overlapping hydrological, geological, biological, and geopolitical entities located in northern South America (Albert et al. 2018). It is therefore useful to distinguish the Amazon as a drainage basin, a sedimentary basin, a biodiversity province, and a geopolitical unit. This report describes the multiple boundaries and definitions of the geographical area called "the Amazon".
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Akresh, Richard, German Daniel Caruso, and Harsha Thirumurthy. Medium-Term Health Impacts of Shocks Experienced In Utero and After Birth: Evidence from Detailed Geographic Information on War Exposure. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20763.

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Sparrow, Kent, Joseph Gutenson, Mark Wahl, and Kayla Cotterman. Evaluation of climatic and hydroclimatic resources to support the US Army Corps of Engineers Regulatory Program. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45484.

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Short-term climatic and hydrologic interactions, or hydroclimatology, are an important consideration when delineating the geographic extent of aquatic resources and assessing whether an aquatic resource is a jurisdictional water of the United States (WOTUS) and is therefore subject to the Clean Water Act (CWA). The now vacated 2020 Navigable Waters Protection Rule (NWPR) required the evaluation of precipitation and other hydroclimatic conditions to assess the jurisdictional status of an aquatic resource based on normal hydroclimatic conditions. Short-term hydroclimatic conditions, such as antecedent precipitation, evapotranspiration, wetland delineation, and streamflow duration assessments, provide information on an aquatic resource’s geo-graphic extent, hydrologic characteristics, and hydrologic connectivity with other aquatic resources. Here, researchers from the US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) evaluate tools and data available to practitioners for assessing short-term hydroclimatic conditions. The work highlights specific meteorological phenomena that are important to consider when assessing short-term hydroclimatic conditions that affect the geographic extent and hydrologic characteristics of an aquatic resource. The findings suggest that practitioners need access to data and tools that more holistically consider the impact of short-term antecedent hydroclimatology on the entire hydrologic cycle, rather than tools based solely on precipitation.
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Howard, Joanna, Oluwafunmilayo Para-Mallam, Plangsat Bitrus Dayil, and Philip Hayab. Vulnerability and Poverty During Covid-19: Religious Minorities in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.013.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has had direct and indirect effects on religiously marginalised groups, exacerbating existing inequities and undermining ambitions for those ‘furthest behind’ to be reached and supported through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The intersection of religious identity, socioeconomic status, geographic location, gender, and age compound vulnerability to violence and its impacts. This policy briefing, written by Dr Joanna Howard, Professor Oluwafunmilayo Para-Mallam, Dr Plangsat Bitrus Dayil, and Dr Philip Hayab, draws on research into the experiences of the pandemic by religious minorities living in Kaduna and Plateau states in Nigeria and finds that the pandemic deepened pre-existing ethno-religious fault lines. Exacerbated by ongoing insecurity, it contributed to increased poverty, with women particularly affected, and worsening mental health, with people experiencing fear, frustration, and depression. There are also long-term consequences for development; for example, on children’s education.
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Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo, and Erika Londoño-Ortega. Geographic Isolation and Learning in Rural Schools. Banco de la República, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1169.

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Rural schools are usually behind in terms of learning, and part of this could be related to geographical isolation. We explore this hypothesis, assessing the effect of distance between rural schools and local governments on learning in Colombia. We use spatial discontinuous regression models based on detailed administrative records from the education system and granular geographic information. Results indicate that distance to towns and Secretary of Education has significant negative effects on students’ standardized test scores. We evaluated alternative mechanisms, finding that the effect of distance is partly explained by differences in critical educational inputs, such as teachers’ education attainment and contract stability. Finally, we assess the mediating role of a program providing monetary incentives to teachers and principals in remote areas.
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7

Amundson, Craig, Evan Andrist, Crystal Kelly, Wyatt Shallbetter, and Pericles Tsellos. Precision Integrated GEOgraphical Navigation: Near Space Recovery Technology Team. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library. Digital Press, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ahac.8130.

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8

Howard, Jo. Understanding Intersecting Vulnerabilities Experienced by Religious Minorities Living in Poverty in the Shadows of Covid-19. Institute of Development Studies, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.012.

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The purpose of this study, conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic between November 2020 and March 2021 in India and Nigeria, is to explore the direct and indirect effects of Covid-19 on religiously marginalised groups experiencing intersecting vulnerabilities. The findings provide recognition of the impact of Covid-19 on targeting and encroachments faced by these groups in order to inform policy so that it includes their perspectives in building back better and promoting inclusive development. Policymakers need to understand both the direct and indirect impacts of Covid-19 in order to coordinate effective support and avert deepening marginalisation. This research demonstrates how religious inequalities intersect with other inequalities of power – historical, structural, and socially determined characteristics (class, ethnicity, caste, gender, age) – to shape how people experience the Covid-19 pandemic. Both India and Nigeria manifest high levels of authoritarianism, an absence of press freedom, targeting of religiously marginalised groups, and unequal access to public services and the protection of the state by religiously marginalised groups, according to geographic location. The findings of this report reveal the appalling everyday realities as well as the great courage of religious minorities living in poverty during the pandemic. Greater sensitivity to the critical intersection of vulnerabilities is essential for the longer-term recovery of these groups, who otherwise face slipping deeper into intergenerational poverty. Deepening poverty and proliferating ethno-religious injustices are fuelling tensions and conflict, and the risks of neglecting these issues are immense.
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9

Rudman, Debbie Laliberte, and Rebecca M. Aldrich. Social Isolation, Third Places, and Precarious Employment Circumstances: A Scoping Review. University of Western Ontario, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/otpub.2022.54.

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Rising rates of social isolation in Canada and other middle- and high-income countries have turned scholarly attention to the kinds of places that facilitate social connections. “Third places” - physical and virtual places beyond home (first places) and work (second places) - are thought to foster social interaction, connection, belonging, and support. This evidence brief reports on a SSHRC funded knowledge synthesis that linked understandings about “third places” with situations of precarious employment, given that people facing precarious employment circumstances often lack the social opportunities and resources associated with stable workplaces. This scoping review assessed what is known about the types and characteristics of “third places” that help maintain social connectedness and address social isolation for adults experiencing precarious employment circumstances. The project examined English-language research articles published in multidisciplinary academic journals between 2012 and 2022. The review captured diverse forms of employment (i.e., gig work, involuntary part-time work, seasonal work, temporary migrant work) characterized as transient, non-permanent, unpredictable, having few worker protections or rights, and associated with low or unpredictable remuneration, as well as cyclical and long-term unemployment. In addition to synthesizing study results, findings attend to how studies addressed diverse social positions and studies’ geographic locations, methodologies, methods, and quality. The goal of the project was to understand the current state of knowledge on this topic; create dialogue about how social isolation can be addressed through precarious workers’ engagement with “third places”; and identify opportunities for stakeholders to partner on place-based interventions with people experiencing precarious employment circumstances.
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10

O'Brien, K. Additons to the Glossary of Generic Terms in Canada's Geographical Names, 1987 (TB 176). Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/298616.

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