Dissertations / Theses: 'Geographic information system (GIS and GPS) applications'

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McNinch, Michael D. "Geographic Information System Applications for Water Distribution Asset Management." Connect to resource online, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1254859492.

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Shekhawat, Pururajsingh. "Geographical Information System (GIS) web applications for data visualization of Drinking Water pipelines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/84529.

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Robust decision support tools that aid water utilities to make informed, swift and precise decisions are becoming the need of the hour. Application of sophisticated models to aid the process of condition assessment and risk analysis on water pipelines have been limited owing to the lack of scalability, inability to incorporate external open source datasets and mathematically complicated output results. Interactive visualization of resultant model output is the key element in extracting valuable information to support decision making. This thesis presents a framework for visualization of data related to drinking water pipelines. Critical components of strategic, tactical and operational level decision making are explored in context with data presentation and information depiction. This thesis depicts various aspects of developing GIS web applications and their important functionalities for query and visualization of data. Multiple facets of data storage, standardization and application development are highlighted in this document. Publishing of application geo processing services in web environment is done through Virginia Tech enterprise geodatabase. Risk assessment and Performance models developed by a utility are projected in the application environment through help of widgets. Applications are coded into links on a Drupal website (www.pipeid.org) for model dissemination and utility engagement purposes.
Master of Science

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Saraswat, Dharmendra. "Geospatial technology applications to strawberry, grape and citrus production systems." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1174533489.

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Klingestedt, Kashmir. "Client-Server Communications Efficiency in GIS/NIS Applications : An evaluation of communications protocols and serialization formats." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233581.

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Geographic Information Systems and Network Information Systems are important tools for our society, used for handling geographic spatial data and large information networks. It is therefore important to make sure such tools are of high quality. GIS/NIS applications typically deal with a lot of data, possibly resulting in heavy loads of network traffic. This work aims to evaluate two different communications protocols and serialization formats for client-server communications efficiency in GIS/NIS applications. Specifically, these are HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, Java Object Serialization and Google's Protocol Buffers. They were each implemented directly into a commercial GIS/NIS environment and evaluated by measuring two signature server calls in the system. Metrics that were examined are call duration, HTTP overhead size and HTTP payload size. The results suggest that HTTP/2 and Google's Protocol Buffers outperform HTTP/1.1 and Java Object Serialization respectively. An 87% decrease in HTTP overhead size was achieved when switching from HTTP/1.1 to HTTP/2. The HTTP payload size is also shown to decrease with the use of Protocol Buffers rather than Java Object Serialization, especially for communications where data consist of many different object types. Concerning call duration, the results suggest that the choice of communications protocol is more significant than the choice of serialization format for communications containing little data, while the opposite is true for communications containing much data.
Geografiska informationssystem och nätverksinformationssystem är viktiga redskap för vårt samhälle, vilka används för hantering av geografisk data och stora informationsnätverk. Det är därför viktigt att se till att sådana system är av hög kvalitet. GIS/NIS-applikationer behandlar vanligtvis stora mängder data, vilket kan resultera i mycket nätverkstrafik. I det här arbetet utvärderas två olika kommunikationsprotokoll och serialiseringsformat för kommunikationseffektivitet mellan klient och server i GIS/NIS-applikationer. Specifikt är dessa HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, Java Objektserialisering och Googles Protocol Buffers. De implementerades var och en i en kommersiell GIS/NIS-miljö och utvärderades genom mätningar av två signaturanrop i systemet. De aspekter som observerades är kommunikationstiden, mängden HTTP-overhead och mängden HTTP-payload. Resultaten tyder på att HTTP/2 och Googles Protocol Buffers presterar bättre än HTTP/1.1 respektive Java Objektserialisering. En 87% minskning av mängden HTTP overhead uppnåddes då HTTP/1.1 ersattes med HTTP/2. En minskning av mängden HTTP payload observeras också med användning av Protocol Buffers snarare än Java Objektserialisering, särskilt för kommunikationer där data innehåller många olika objekttyper. Gällande kommunikationstiden tyder resultaten på att valet av kommunikationsprotokoll påverkar mer än valet av serialiseringsformat för kommunikationer med små mängder data, medan motsatsen gäller för kommunikationer med mycket data.

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Rajguru, Chaitanya Shreeniwas. "Application of GIS in propagation prediction." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05042010-020256/.

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Eccles, Kristin M. "Applications of Geographic Information Systems in Landscape Ecotoxicology." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39504.

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Landscape ecotoxicology is the study of dose-response relationships to toxicants and integrating environmental factors across a defined landscape. In this thesis, I contributed new knowledge to the field of landscape ecotoxicology by adapting analytical methods to assess spatial patterns of chemical exposure among different wildlife keystone species, quantify the relationships between contaminant sources and exposures, and quantify dose-response relationships across large landscapes. Currently, there are few landscape ecotoxicology tools available for quantifying geospatial patterns of environmental toxicology data. To address this gap, I adapted spatial and statistical methods and demonstrated how they can be used to 1) integrate data and assess spatial patterns of contaminant exposure; 2) assess spatial patterns of exposure to complex mixtures; and 3) examine dose-response patterns across landscapes. I developed fur Hg as a biomarker medium as a non-invasive biomonitoring tool in river otter (Lontra canadensis) and mink (Neovison vison) by developing conversion factors that can be used to estimate internal organ Hg from fur Hg, using a meta-regression approach. Based on these results, I suggest that the fur Hg screening guideline be reduced from 20 ug/g to 15 ug/g to be more conservative. I also quantified how the distribution of fur Hg changes across the pelt of river otters. Results from this study indicate that topcoat should be used for biomonitoring as it is less variable than the undercoat and samples should be taken from the forebody (head and legs) for the most accurate organ Hg estimation. Using biomarkers of exposure, I quantified the relationship between sources of Hg and factors that promote Hg bioaccumulation with dietary Hg from stomach contents and fur Hg to establish fur as a proxy for bioavailability of environmental Hg. I also assessed spatial dose-response patterns between fur Hg and fur cortisol using a geographically weighted regression (GWR). Based on these results I use my proposed fur screening guideline of 15 µg/g to categorize fur Hg exposures and demonstrate that at low exposures (<15 µg/g) in fur, Hg has a positive relationship with cortisol. Conversely, at high exposures (>15 µg/g) in fur, Hg has a negative relationship with cortisol. This research provides a field example of heterogeneous dose-response relationships. Finally, I assessed spatial patterns of complex metal exposures in a variety of biomonitoring datasets. I used normalization and transformation techniques to effectively combine datasets comprised of different species and life stages. I then used a spatial principal components analysis (sPCA) to exemplify clusters of complex exposures associated with oil and gas development in regions of Alberta, Canada. These advancements in the field of landscape ecotoxicology will help advance evidence-based long-term ecological monitoring programs.

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Basnet, Badri Bahadur. "Geographic Information System based manure application planning." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2002. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001410/.

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[Abstract]: The disposal of animal waste has become a problem in many parts of the world due to the rapid growth in the number and the size of intensive animal industries. Safe waste disposal sites are rarely available and the relocation and/or treatment of animal waste is seldom economically viable. The reuse of animal waste for energy recovery and re-feeding is also not popular. Animal waste is a valuable source of plant nutrients and a very good soil conditioner, and has been commonly applied as fertiliser to agricultural fields. However, due to the increasing oversupply of animal waste in recent years, it has often been applied in excess to the agricultural fields. Excessive application of animal waste, without due consideration of its implications, is a serious concern. The run-off and leaching losses of nutrients from the fields fertilised with animal waste have contributed significantly to the eutrophication and toxic blue-green algae blooms in surface water systems and nitrification of ground water systems. It has also led to nutrient imbalances in the soils and odour pollution to the surrounding communities. The animal waste, which is a valuable source of plant nutrients, has thus become both an economic and environmental burden, and there is a need to develop a strategy for its sensible use as a fertiliser in agricultural fields. Sensible use of animal waste involves the consideration of all the agricultural, environmental, social, and economical limitations. A rational method of achieving this is to restrict the use of animal waste to sites suitable for such uses, identify areas where it can be relocated and applied economically, limit the application rates to a safe level, and observe appropriate manure management practices. This study addressed each of these components by developing a comprehensive manure application plan (MAP) for the site-specific use of animal waste as fertiliser in agricultural fields. Various geographic information systems (GIS) based techniques, including a weighted linear combination model and map algebra based cartographic modelling, were employed to achieve the goal. The appropriateness of the existing techniques and procedures were evaluated and modified to meet the current input requirements. New methods of analysis were devised as necessary. The Westbrook sub-catchment of the Condamine River catchment in south-east Queensland was selected as the study area. The sub-catchment covers 24,903 hectares and contains 39 intensive animal industries. The catchment is also a part of the Murray-Darling Basin, which has been suffering from toxic blue green algae blooms recurrently since 1991. This study identified that only about one-fifth of the sub-catchment area is suitable for animal waste application. Depending on the method of site suitability analysis and the number of input factors used the suitable area ranged between 16 and 22 percent. This comparatively small area is mainly due to the presence of a large proportion of non-agricultural areas in the sub-catchment. The suitable areas were also found to have various degrees of suitability for waste application. However, the degree of site suitability was affected by the number of input factors used in the analysis, the weighting of the factors, and the method of factor attribute standardisation. Conventional methods of weighting input factors were found to be cumbersome and not particularly suitable. Hence, this study developed a new ‘objective oriented comparison’ method of factor weighting. Standardisation of input factors using a continuous, rather than discrete, classification (ie fuzzy set) method was found to be more consistent in degree of suitability determination. The discrete classification of factor attributes into classes of different numbers and sizes, and the weighting of classes to a sum of one, were identified as a limitation in using this standardisation method. A new ‘weight adjustment’ method was devised and demonstrated to reduce factor-weighting biases. The suitable sites, degree of site suitability, and other relevant spatial and non-spatial information were processed within a GIS framework to develop a comprehensive manure application plan. The inherently high presence of available phosphorus in the soils of the study area was recognised and the P2O5 content in the manure was used as the basis for determining manure application rates. A complimentary nitrogen supply map was also generated. Manure management practices applicable to the areas with a lower degree of suitability were also suggested.

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Dhingra, Nilesh. "Incident response and application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS)." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02162010-020253/.

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Preston, Richard Michael. "RADGIS - an improved architecture for runtime-extensible, distributed GIS applications." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006497.

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A number of GIS architectures and technologies have emerged recently to facilitate the visualisation and processing of geospatial data over the Web. The work presented in this dissertation builds on these efforts and undertakes to overcome some of the major problems with traditional GIS client architectures, including application bloat, lack of customisability, and lack of interoperability between GIS products. In this dissertation we describe how a new client-side GIS architecture was developed and implemented as a proof-of-concept application called RADGIS, which is based on open standards and emerging distributed component-based software paradigms. RADGIS reflects the current trend in development focus from Web browser-based applications to customised clients, based on open standards, that make use of distributed Web services. While much attention has been paid to exposing data on the Web, there is growing momentum towards providing “value-added” services. A good example of this is the tremendous industry interest in the provision of location-based services, which has been discussed as a special use-case of our RADGIS architecture. Thus, in the near future client applications will not simply be used to access data transparently, but will also become facilitators for the location-transparent invocation of local and remote services. This flexible architecture will ensure that data can be stored and processed independently of the location of the client that wishes to view or interact with it. Our RADGIS application enables content developers and end-users to create and/or customise GIS applications dynamically at runtime through the incorporation of GIS services. This ensures that the client application has the flexibility to withstand changing levels of expertise or user requirements. These GIS services are implemented as components that execute locally on the client machine, or as remote CORBA Objects or EJBs. Assembly and deployment of these components is achieved using a specialised XML descriptor. This XML descriptor is written using a markup language that we developed specifically for this purpose, called DGCML, which contains deployment information, as well as a GUI specification and links to an XML-based help system that can be merged with the RADGIS client application’s existing help system. Thus, no additional requirements are imposed on object developers by the RADGIS architecture, i.e. there is no need to rewrite existing objects since DGCML acts as a runtime-customisable wrapper, allowing existing objects to be utilised by RADGIS. While the focus of this thesis has been on overcoming the above-mentioned problems with traditional GIS applications, the work described here can also be applied in a much broader context, especially in the development of highly customisable client applications that are able to integrate Web services at runtime.

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Huo, Yuhong. "GIS application for city parks in New Haven /." Click for abstract, 1998. http://library.ctstateu.edu/ccsu%5Ftheses/1493.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Central Connecticut State University, 1998.
Thesis advisor: Xiaoping Shen. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Geography." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-54).

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Murad, Abdulkader. "Applications of geographical information systems for educational facilities planning." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341490.

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Anumba, Claire. "Application of GIS to labour market planning in construction." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/2311.

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The fluctuations in the demand for construction work have often resulted in skills shortages. This has led to the need for effective construction labour market planning strategies, which enable the construction industry to meet its skills requirements, particularly in periods of peak demand. Existing approaches to construction labour market planning have several limitations. They do not shed light on the socio-economic and spatially influenced issues within which the industry's skills shortages are rooted. There is, therefore, a need for more appropriate decision-support mechanisms that can take account of spatial problems in terms of skills demand and supply influences. Through industry involvement, this research has explored how GIS can enhance the labour market planning process in construction. The research briefly reviews the nature of labour market planning in construction, introduces geographic information systems, and highlights the opportunities they offer for overcoming the limitations of existing approaches. The implementation of the GIS-based system and its application to a specific labour market planning initiative is then presented. The evaluation of the system by prospective end-users reveals the enablers, barriers and benefits of the system implementation. Organisational issues that had a bearing on the implementation are also examined and recommendations made for further research.

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Wheatley, David. "The application of geographic information systems to archaeology : with case studies from Neolithic Wessex." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295576.

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Foley, Ronan. "The application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to health care planning." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324396.

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Walnoha, Michael Anthony. "Shoeprint analysis a GIS application in forensic evidence /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4639.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2006.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 64 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64).

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Chan, Pak-wai Patty. "Applications of the GIS to urban design in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25798996.

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Cunningham, Helen. "Spatially related data and GIS for land and property applications." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240743.

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Mocke, Charl Anthony. "Location based services : developing mobile GIS applications." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1648.

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Chan, Wing-yee. "An application of GIS for road accident analysis in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23294577.

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Hashmi, Mir Mahammed Hussain. "Explore Hyderabad : An Interactive Web-based GIS Application Prototype." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6616.

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Products are displayed in a shelf to market and sell to the public. It creates an interest and attracts people towards it. Likewise, any country or city can showcase itself by using Web over the internet which will attract the tourists from around the world. This example can be used for the city of Hyderabad. Hyderabad has truly become an international city and there are many multinational companies establishing themselves. It is rapidly becoming a hot spot for tourists from around the world because of its exotic locations and facilities provided by the government. The city has been famous for historical monuments and culture, but in the recent years it has developed into a world class IT destination for many multinational IT companies and due to this it has attained world recognition on the global scenario. The time is to reap the benefits of this image and promote the city’s tourist sector by globally marketing the tourist attractions, facilities and services in an innovative and better way so that tourists from around the world visit the city and thereby contribute to the country’s economy with the foreign currency.

This research deals with developing a Web-based GIS application that can promote the city’s tourist activities and also provide the users with an innovative way to access the spatial content of the city. GIS content forms the core component of this application as it provides the users with the spatial information about the place that is very close to reality. It supports the human tendency of “What you see is what you believe” by displaying the spatial information on the map. The application has been developed with the latest mapping server technology provided by Environmental Science Research Institute’s ArcIMS 9.1. This server software provides simple and easy methods to launch a Web-based GIS application over the Internet.

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Davis-Noland, Elizabeth. "An investigation into the development of a practical GIS mapping tool supporting emissions inventory information." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:142.

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Winning, Herbert Keith. "Application and development of advanced engineering geographical information systems for pipeline design." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/4e581e2a-9d09-4b76-ace2-d76d22354719/1.

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This thesis proposes the use of an Advanced Engineering Geographical Information System (AEGIS) for the improved design of onshore pipelines, from concept to operation. The system is novel in that it is function rather than discipline or software specific. The thesis statement has been developed, and an aim and set of research objectives identified (along with the success criteria for the evaluation of the system), based on a review of current pipeline design methods. Drawing on a design science research methodology (DSRM), the thesis proposes the development of the system as an artefact in order to validate the proposed constructs, models, methods and implementations. The thesis discusses the underlying issues of data interoperability, the application of open data standards, and the integration of computer aided design (CAD) and geographical information systems (GIS). These challenges are addressed in the thesis and demonstrated through the implementation of the system. To support the development of the system, research was undertaken in the fields of pipeline engineering, environmental engineering and engineering design. As part of this research, a number of peer-reviewed journal papers were published, and conference papers presented in Kampala, Houston, London and Split. These papers covered the key fields contained in the thesis including, fluid mechanics, bio-systems engineering, environmental engineering, CAD/GIS integration (CGI), and the application and development of geospatial pipeline data models. The thesis concludes that the approach is valid, offering significant improvement across all fields compared to the current method of pipeline design. By taking a functional approach to the challenges of the design of pipelines, a system has been developed that addresses the requirements of the pipeline engineer, environmental engineer and engineering designer. The system enables the user to select the software of their choice, thereby reducing the problems associated with data interoperability, retraining and system integration. The sharing of data and outputs from analysis carried out within the system, provides an integrated approach, which can subsequently be used for the integrity management of the pipeline during the operational phase of the project. The scope for further development of this approach to pipeline design is also discussed. In addition to the inclusion of further engineering and environmental analysis, there is the potential for using the system for the design of subsea pipelines.

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Ghaffari, Abdolali. "Application of geographical information systems (GIS) and crop simulation modelling in sustainable agriculture." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312108.

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Gomez, Sharon N. "The application of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) in a Mediterranean ecological survey." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319903.

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Lawrence, Gavin Eldred. "An investigation into the application (positioning) of geographic information systems (GIS)in PROPNET for competitivie advantange." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/243.

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In an ever changing competitive environment, business is constantly faced with decisions. The ability to make informed decisions hinges on the organization’s power to properly integrate/position technology into the business processes of the organization. To stay in business organizations must be able to compete with rivals in their industry. The purpose of this research is to determine why the Geographic Information System (GIS) is not being utilized to its full potential. In order to determine the reason for this under utilization a literature study was undertaken with respect to GIS, how GIS is being positioned within PROPNET and what steps can be taken to improve the strategic positioning of GIS within PROPNET. A study was conducted which was limited to GIS professionals. An introduction to GIS is also given. A survey was then conducted within PROPNET. The survey covered competitive advantage, the value chain, kinds of information systems in relation to the different groups served within an organization and GIS. The results of the research survey corresponded with views expressed in the literature. Results concluded that GIS is incorrectly positioned within PROPNET for it to be competitive and that it should be repositioned within the operational level of the organization and utilized as a transaction processing system. The repositioning will lead to competitive advantage over rivals. Literature also revealed that GIS can be found in all sectors of the value chain. A strategy is proposed to reposition GIS within PROPNET. Recommendations are made to guide the repositioning. The subject field is new and there is little literature on GIS positioning and competitive advantage. There are significant advantages to repositioning GIS within PROPNET.

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Ran, Limei. "Single digital-photo correction for a GIS application and error analysis." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192009-040308/.

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陳柏慧 and Pak-wai Patty Chan. "Applications of the GIS to urban design in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980338.

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Bennett, Janette E. "Conceptual and application issues in the implementation of object-oriented GIS." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2894.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 68 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-57).

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Shujoon, Abdulrahman A. "Application of geographic information systems (GIS) in mineral exploration for the Arabian Shield in Saudi Arabia /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486401895208041.

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Githuku, Anthony W. "Multispectral edge detection and its application to feature classification, image matching and geographic information systems (GIS) /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487944660931784.

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Nurul, Aini Binti Kamaruddin. "Application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Techniques to Monitoring of Protected Mangrove Forest Change in Sabah, Malaysia." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215365.

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Paidipally, Anoop Rao. "Dynamic Data Extraction and Data Visualization with Application to the Kentucky Mesonet." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1160.

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There is a need to integrate large-scale database, high-performance computing engines and geographical information system technologies into a user-friendly web interface as a platform for data visualization and customized statistical analysis. We present some concepts and design ideas regarding dynamic data storage and extraction by making use of open-source computing and mapping technologies. We implemented our methods to the Kentucky Mesonet automated weather mapping workflow. The main components of the work flow includes a web based interface, a robust database and computing infrastructure designed for both general users and power users such as modelers and researchers.

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Pearson, Alastair William. "Carn Ingli, circa 1500BC to AD1845 : the application of geographical information systems to the study of settlement development at Newport, Pembrokeshire." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308842.

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The primary aim of this study is to provide a cogent description and explanation of change in rural settlement between circa 1 ,500BC and AD 1845 for an area centred on Mynydd Cam Ingli, Pembrokeshire. Using a range of data sources, it evaluates the capability and validity of applying new methods and techniques offered by geographical information systems (GIS) to realise this aim and explore its potential for extending the agenda of possible archaeological and historical enquiry. Recently published work demonstrates a growing awareness of the potential benefits of applying GIS to archaeological resource management and landscape archaeology, yet there is little evidence of its application to an integrated archaeological, palaeoenvironmental, historical and geographical enquiry. It is not the intention to use archaeological and historical data to demonstrate merely the merits of GIS, but to judge its success in 'doing' archaeological and historical research. Data sources are used irrespective of their suitability for input and analysis within the GIS. Each source is examined individually to gauge their reliability and also to reveal what they tell us about past settlement. The extent and nature of the archaeological record is assessed using air photography together with associated palaeoenvironmental evidence. Opportunity is taken to reflect on the potential value of photogrammetry and GIS to cultural resource management. Historical maps and documents, in the form of census returns, estate plans, rent rolls, court rolls provide a crucial human element to the study. Yet it is the tithe map of 1845 that is at the hub of much of the analysis. Mid-nineteenth century agricultural production, land use and tenure are analysed in relation to topographic and other geographical constraints. The tithe map also serves as an 'anchor' for a retrospective study of settlement development. Archaeological, palynological and documentary evidence point to the ebb and flow of mixed agriculture and settlement on Mynydd Cam Ingli during the Bronze Age and Iron Age. Though there is palynological evidence of Dark Age activity, archaeological remains of settlement are not evident. Charters detail the parcelling out of land as burgages during the thirteenth century by Anglo-Norman lords and the establishment of an open field. Use of the upland for communal grazing was tightly controlled by the lordship, but rapid encroachment by squatters during the early nineteenth century reduced the area of commons dramatically. Remnants of open field survive on estate plans of the mideighteenth century and embedded within the tenurial pattern of the tithe map. It is suggested that agriCUltural productivity as indicated by the tithe rent-charge is not only constrained by environmental conditions but by the prolonged use of medieval farming practises that echo those of the former open field. The study suggests that the input of archaeological, historical and environmental data into a GIS increases the scale and range of possible enquiries and enables questions to be asked that would have been inconceivable using manual methods. However, success or failure of the application of GIS to this type of study depends on the willingness of the researcher not to forsake the traditional methods and techniques appropriate to the analysis of a diverse range of sources. Though methodologically eclectic, adopting a broad landscape approach in combination with the analytical power of GIS offers a formidable overarching methodology for studying the past. Although the study concludes by suggesting that the application of GIS is not itself unproblematic, it is argued that the work presented does illustrate its potential value.

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Wu, Ming-kei. "An investigation of the application of GIS in the public transit information systems in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42575163.

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Leung, Fu-wing William, and 梁富榮. "A GIS application of Hagerstrand's theory in implementing accessibility models." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29967181.

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Brenes, Bastos Melissa. "Assessing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Use in Marketing Applications: A Case of Study in the Wood Products Industry." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49692.

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Geographical Information Systems (GIS) is a worldwide growing technology, however it is not yet completely accepted. Of all of the business processes in an organization, marketing is perhaps one of the natural fitting-processes to apply GIS. Even though there is recent research regarding applications of GIS in the wood products industry, those applications are mostly related to biomass mapping and logistics issues. Little research has been conducted on the utilization of GIS as part of the marketing strategic plan in this industry. Thus, the main goal of this project is to understand GIS uses on marketing application in the wood products industry, specifically in the marketing mix strategic plan. The approach of this project consisted of the collection and analysis of data from secondary wood products industries in the state of Virginia. In addition, a case of study on current users of GIS applications was conducted. Once the data from the survey and the case study were collected, validated, and analyzed; applications and guidelines for the use of GIS in marketing activities were developed. The first application was the creation of a relational database to organize the information and to create an industry directory for secondary wood products industries. Secondly, clustering techniques were used to test if wood products companies cluster around certain geographical regions. Confirmation of the clustering led to the construction of an online map. Finally, guidelines were developed to describe how to use GIS in the marketing process of wood products firms. By increasing the knowledge and developing guidelines on GIS uses on marketing mix applications this study will help the wood products industry, other practitioners and the academic community, by providing insight of the industry, possible uses to simplify the strategic process and gain understanding of the environment among other.
Master of Science

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Jessen, Kelyn Elizabeth. "Portraits of Livia in context: an analysis of distribution through the application of geographic information systems." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2532.

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Chan, Wing-yee, and 陳詠怡. "An application of GIS for road accident analysis in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31224052.

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Shelton, Michael. "Comparison of GPS Point Selection Methods for GIS Area Measurement of Small Jurisdictional Wetlands." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2831/.

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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) regulates fill of jurisdictional waters of the United States including wetlands. Recent USACE regulations set a threshold of impacts to wetlands at one-half acre. Impact area can be determined by Global Positioning System (GPS) measurement of wetland boundary and Geographic Information System (GIS) calculation of impact area. GPS point selection methods include (1) equal time interval, (2) transect and (3) intuition. Four two-acre shapes were measured with each GPS method and brought into GIS for area calculation. Analysis of variance and Root Mean Square Error analyses determine that the transect method is an inferior point selection method in terms of accuracy and efficiency.

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Mousir-Harrison, Stuart N. "The application of image registration and geographic information systems in the comparison of historical and recent cartographic data : a case study of woodland change in Furness (1786-1964)." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389940.

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Fleischmann, Elfrieda Marie-Louise. "The viability of an Interactive Geographic Information System Tutor (I-GIS-T) application within the FET phase / Elfrieda Marie-Louise Fleischmann." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8738.

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When comparing numerous educational advantages of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with the slow integration of GIS practice within education globally, results are confounding. This paradoxical development is also found within South Africa. In fact, GIS has been included in the Further Education and Training (FET) phase by the Department of Basic Education (DoBE) since 2006. However, following the same global trend, curriculum development in South Africa has outpaced educational GIS software research. In addition, the e-learning White paper of SA also urges software development. Barriers hindering GIS practice include the lack of suitable curriculum-aligned GIS software within the South African digital divide context. A need therefore exists for further research regarding educational GIS practice applications within South Africa. Bearing this in mind, a case study was done investigating the viability of an educationally orientated Interactive-GIS-Tutor (I-GIS-T) application within FET phase in Geography. The study was conducted with the grade 11 Geography learners of a secondary school in a rural area of KwaZulu-Natal, as well as with their Geography teacher and two other Geography teachers of the same school. These three teachers have different ICT/GIS abilities and years of teaching experience. Furthermore, the study aimed to identify the main GIS educational barriers, globally and locally, as well as to investigate the viability of the I-GIS-T in relation to these identified barriers. The strategy followed was a case study evaluation, with a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis, supported by quantitative data, since this was most suited to the research questions and context. Pragmatism was therefore the underpinning philosophy within this case study. One-on-one semi-structured teacher interviews were conducted to identify the main barriers of GIS education within the FET phases. Data collection by means of questionnaires, individual interviews, focus group interviews, video recordings and field notes provided a thick description regarding the viability of the I-GIS-T within the natural class setting. ATLAS.tiTM and SPSS software were utilised with analysis of qualitative and supportive quantitative data. Attitudinal tests provided supportive quantitative data. Findings indicated that main GIS practice barriers, globally as well as in the school of study, were the lack of preparation time, a full curriculum, lack of GIS support, complex educational GIS software and the teacher‟s lack of ICT skills. The grade 11 Geography teacher and most of the learners evaluated the I-GIS-T as workable. The I-GIS-T also surmounted the main GIS practice barriers. Furthermore, GIS attitudinal tests revealed an overall positive shift on all the attitudinal questions. The combination of lack of basic computer skills and language (where English is not the mother tongue) were the main reasons why some learners suggested that they struggled with the software. Future I-GIS-T development recommended incorporation of a multi-language choice component, as well as exploratory activities. Within this case study, learners who have mastered basic computer skills found the I-GIS-T effective and workable and therefore a viable GIS software application option within the FET phase Geography. In order to be able to generalise statistically, further quantitative research is suggested. In fact, future quantitative research, employing SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) within the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) might prove the I-GIS-T to be a viable option within FET schools throughout SA, as well as in other developing countries.
Thesis (MEd (Curriculum Development))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

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Williams, Jeremy Hugh. "Monitoring the condition of semi-natural vegetation : the application of remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS)." Thesis, Bangor University, 1992. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/monitoring-the-condition-of-seminatural-vegetation--the-application-of-remote-sensing-and-geographical-information-systems-gis(c90702cb-be4f-454f-aba1-1c74484c0093).html.

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The principal objective of this thesis was to investigate the use of remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) technology in the survey and monitoring of semi-natural, vegetation. The effects of acidic deposition and airborne pollutants on vegetation were of particular interest during the 1980s and early 1990s. A first experiment studied the effect of simulated acid rain on the reflectance of birch seedlings. Plants exposed to acidic treatments lost the characteristic reflectance curve shape of healthy green vegetation. Spectroradiometer data were used to discriminate between plants in different rainfall treatments. A second experiment studied the effects of combinations of pollutant gases (03, S02+NO2, and 03+SO2+NO2) and acidic mists on the reflectance of white clover. Plants in the two treatments containing ozone showed marked changes in reflectance, and were statistically separable from the control. Simple and 4-waveband vegetation indices showed positive linear relationships with shoot dry weight. Plants in the treatments containing ozone showed marked decreases in shoot dry weight and vegetation index. Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATMý data were used to study the relationships between remotely-sensed radiance and water and soil chemistry on a large flood-plain mire in south Wales. Strong relationships between radiance and chemistry were found, suggesting associations between nutrient concentrations and the health and vigour of the mire vegetation. A study on the Glyderau mountains in Snowdonia investigated the potential for mapping upland vegetation using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data. It addressed the problems involved in classifying highly variable ground cover on valley floors, steep slopes and high plateaux, and the problems involved in reconciling the need for a generalised vegetation map with the fine detail present on the ground and in TM data. Pre- and post-classification digital spatial filters were used to produce TM classmaps which agreed closely with the ground survey data. GIS was used to extract management information.

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Rostami, Shahbakhti Built Environment Faculty of Built Environment UNSW. "Application of the transport needs concept to rural New South Wales : a GIS-based analysis." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Built Environment, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22472.

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The story of transport and accessibility problems in rural Australia is very similar to other wealthy countries with low rural densities and long distances such as the US and Canada ??? little or no public transport, very high levels of car ownership, and poor service provision. During the past two decades rationalisation and privatisation of services has led to the closure of many basic services in rural Australia. The withdrawal of services has necessitated longer distance travel for many rural residents ??? a problem which has been exacerbated by the rationalisation of public transport services. As a result there have emerged severe accessibility and mobility problems in rural areas, despite the presence of high levels of car ownership in such areas. In terms of rural transportation, the situation in Australia is characterised by two different features; first, poor public transport provision (or non-existence). Second; high levels of car ownership among rural residents. However, high levels of car ownership do not reflect high levels of prosperity; this is likely to indicate a situation of "enforced ownership" in response to declining levels of public transport provision. Furthermore, many rural residents neither own a car nor have access to a reliable public transport system due to socio-economic and location-based circumstances. Previous research has shown that these residents generally belong to groups who include the elderly, teenagers, students, Indigenous residents, unemployed persons and low-income households. Such groups have been termed transport-disadvantaged. The contention of this thesis, however, is that such groups are in a state of "transport need" given their range of transport related problems. This is one dimension of the accessibility problem in rural Australia, which has yet to be investigated. This thesis is concerned with the measurement of transport need through the development of several transport need indices using available census data. The key objective of this thesis is to investigate the relevance and suitability of need indices for identifying the relative spatial distribution of transport needs in rural areas. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) is used for the development, analysis and visualisation of the transport need index. This thesis examines transportation needs in rural NSW simply by measuring "demand" and "supply" components of transport. To measure the demand index, some socio-economic characteristics of population are involved including: the elderly, no or low car owning households, Indigenous people, students, children, unemployed persons, low-income households, and accessibility. A weight has been assigned to each component based on its relative importance among the other components. Weighted values are then standardised based on 100. To measure the supply index, six components, which represent the availability of various kinds of transport in rural NSW are involved and have been calculated by assigning weights and standardising to 100. These are: CountryLink rail services, CountryLink coach and bus services, Regional Services, Community Transport Program, Wheelchair taxi services, and School Buses. The final transport need for rural NSW is calculated by dividing demand index by supply index. It simply quantifies transportation needs across the rural Statistical Local Areas (SLAs) of NSW. In addition, this thesis discusses the potential and limitations of GIS and our transport need indices to be used as input to decisions about improvements in provision of services, and coordination of existing services to better meet identified needs, for the transport disadvantaged in rural NSW. In essence, this thesis is an attempt to make Australian transport and social services planners aware of the value of a need based transport-planning methodology.

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Neumann, Bradley C. "Is All Open Space Created Equal? A Hedonic Application within a Data-Rich GIS Environment." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2005. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/NeumannBC2005.pdf.

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HURD, JOHN K. JR. "A GIS MODEL TO ESTIMATE SNOW DEPTH USING DIFFERENTIAL GPS AND HIGH-RESOLUTION DIGITAL ELEVATION DATA." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1177640172.

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Sjödin, Erik. "Pixgis : An Application for Map-centric Management of Photographs with Embedded Spatial Metadata." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8002.

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This thesis presents Pixgis; a novel application for map-centric management of photographs. In short Pixgis is an interactive environment in which photographs may be discovered, viewed and managed through maps. With Pixgis finding photographs from a specific location or of a particular structure is as easy as finding the location or structure on a map. As Pixgis simultaneously displays maps, photographs and spatial metadata it also enables users to analyze photographs in new manners. This thesis work illustrates the benefits of applications for map-centric management of photographs, exposes the problems one faces when implementing such applications and presents novel solutions to many of these problems. The thesis also elaborates on spatial metadata and methods for acquisition of photographs with embedded spatial metadata.

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Solomon, Semere. "Remote Sensing and GIS : Applications for Groundwater Potential Assessment in Eritrea." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Civil and Architectural Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3491.

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An integrated approach with remote sensing, GeographicInformation Systems (GIS) and more traditional fieldworktechniques was adopted to assess the groundwater potential inthe central highlands of Eritrea. Digitally enhanced colorcomposites and panchromatic images of Landsat TM and Spot wereinterpreted to produce thematic maps such as lithology andlineaments. The potential of the Advanced Spaceborne ThermalEmission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data forlithological and lineament mapping was evaluated. Topographicparameters such as surface curvature, slope and drainagesystems were derived from digital elevation models and used tomap landforms. Digital elevation models (DEM) derived fromcontours and acquired in the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission(SRTM) were compared in relation to location, drainage networksand lineament extraction. Fracture patterns and spacing weremeasured in the field in different rock types and compared withlineaments. Selected springs and wells were visited to studytheir topographic and hydrogeological setting. Well logs,pumping tests, water table depth in dry and wet season as wellas location of wells were collected. All thematic layersincluding hydrogeological data were integrated and analysed ina geographic information system. A groundwater potential mapwas generated and compared with yield data. Groundwaterrecharge was estimated based on water level fluctuations inlarge dug wells and chloride mass-balance method.

Principal component analysis for rock type mapping providedbetter results with ASTER than with Landsat TM data. DEM datapermitted to create detailed landform maps useful torgroundwater potential assessment. DEM derived from SRTM dataare better for detection of drainage systems and linearfeatures than those derived from contours. Most of the fracturesystems corresponding to lineaments are either extensionalrelated to normal faults and dykes, or shear fractures relatedto strike-slip faults. N-S, NW-SE, WNW-ESE, NE-SW and ENE-WSWare dominant fracture orientations with often very densespacing. High yielding wells and springs are often related tolarge lineaments and corresponding structural features such asdykes. Typically wells and springs in basaltic areas havehigher yields mainly due to primary joints. Young alluvialsediments with high permeability and deeply weathered rocklayers are important for water supply especially in hydraulicconnection with fracture systems in crystalline bedrock.Groundwater potential zones demarcated through the model are inagreement with bore well yield data. The spatial distributionof groundwater potential zones shows regional patterns relatedto lithologies, lineaments, drainage systems and landforms.Recharge rates of 10 - 50 mm were estimated in this region. Theresults demonstrate that the integration of remote sensing,GIS, traditional fieldwork and models provide a powerful toolin the assessment and management of water resources anddevelopment of groundwater exploration plans.

Key words:Remote sensing, Geographic InformationSystems, groundwater, geomorphology, Digital elevation model,lithology, hard rock, lineament, structures, hydrogeology,Eritrea

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Wu, Ming-kei, and 胡銘基. "An investigation of the application of GIS in the public transit information systems in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42575163.

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Belka, Kamila. "Multicriteria analysis and GIS application in the selection of sustainable motorway corridor." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-4399.

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Effects of functioning transportation infrastructure are receiving more and more environmental and social concern nowadays. Nevertheless, preliminary corridor plans are usually developed on the basis of technical and economic criteria exclusively. By the time of environmental impact assessment (EIA), which succeeds, relocation is practically impossible and only preventative measures can be applied.

This paper proposes a GIS-based method of delimiting motorway corridor and integrating social, environmental and economic factors into the early stages of planning. Multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques are used to assess all possible alternatives. GIS-held weighted shortest path algorithm enables to locate the corridor. The evaluation criteria are exemplary. They include nature conservation, buildings, forests and agricultural resources, and soils. Resulting evaluation surface is divided into a grid of cells, which are assigned suitability scores derived from all evaluation criteria. Subsequently, a set of adjacent cells connecting two pre-specified points is traced by the least-cost path algorithm. The best alternative has a lowest total value of suitability scores.

As a result, the proposed motorway corridor is routed from origin to destination. It is afterwards compared with an alternative derived by traditional planning procedures. Concluding remarks are that the location criteria need to be adjusted to meet construction

requirements as well as analysis process to be automated. Nevertheless, the geographic information system and the embedded shortest path algorithm proved to be well suited for preliminary corridor location analysis. Future research directions are sketched.

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Perez, Adriana Evangelina. "Application on integrated remote sensing and GIS technologies to geoenvironmental issues in far West Texas and southern New Mexico." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Geographic information system (GIS and GPS) applications'

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