Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geo-political History

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Geo-political History'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Geo-political History"

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Brutentz, K. "Great Geo-Political Revolution." World Economy and International Relations, no. 10 (2012): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2012-10-3-12.

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Our time is the period of milestones’ shift, of the most dramatic changes. Geopolitics is one of the areas of mankind’ being where we can especially manifestly see how the history has quickened its run. The author analyses the developments of the last decade of the recent century and the first decade of this century. These decades faced two major geopolitical shifts, each of which has led to a radical change of the world’s landscape. The result was a sharp turn in the international political and economic relations, namely the breaking down of the unipolar order and the formation of a polycentric world. Major changes have taken place and continue to undergo in the balance and the alignment of forces on the arena of entire continents and in a planetary scale. Hundreds millions of people are increasingly involved in the historical creativity.
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Ali, Ismail, and Singgih Tri Sulistiyono. "A Reflection of “Indonesian Maritime Fulcrum” Initiative: Maritime History and Geopolitical Changes." Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration 4, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v4i1.8081.

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The announcement of a maritime economic initiative known as the 21st Century Maritime Silk Route (MSR) by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 created a new paradigm shift in the geo-economy and geo-politics of countries in the Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. With this initiative, China aims to rebuild maritime lines in the seas and oceans where China once was regarded as one of the world's leading powers. In contrast to countries in Southeast Asia, which still hold divergent views on the Chinese initiative, Indonesia sees it as an opportunity to develop regions that have long been marginalized from development. It is in line with the shift in Indonesia’s global economic-political agenda in the 21st century through a doctrine known as "Indonesia as a Maritime Fulcrum," which was initiated by “Jokowi” Widodo and Jusuf Kalla in 2014. Taking into account the importance of this idea in Indonesia's geo-economic and geo-political agenda, this study is to reflect on Indonesia’s history as a global maritime and trade power before it was undermined by the Dutch occupation. In addition, using historical approach, this study aims to see and evaluate how the idea of "Indonesia as a Maritime Fulcrum" can restore Indonesia’s reputation as a major maritime power in the Southeast Asian archipelago.
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Busuttil, Salvino. "Malta in its geo-political setting." Revue du monde musulman et de la Méditerranée 71, no. 1 (1994): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/remmm.1994.1645.

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Waheed, Seemi. "Sartaj Aziz. Between Dreams and Realities: Some Milestones in Pakistan’s History. Karachi: Oxford University Press. 2009. Pak. Rs 595.00." Pakistan Development Review 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v49i1pp.73-75.

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The geo-strategic location of a country gives it advantage or disadvantage in its relation with the comity of nations and addressing its domestic challenges. The vision, acumen and capacity of political leadership, however, determine the maximisation of advantages from geo-strategic location in attaining the national interests. Interplay of domestic political power, geo-strategic location and global power dynamics are aptly reflected in the political history of Pakistan as narrated in “Between Dreams and Realities”. “Between Dreams and Realities” is both an autobiography and dispassionate account of Pakistan’s chequered history as the author puts it “watched the political drama as ring side observer.” The author was actively engaged in roles, confronting formidable challenges to improve policy coordination and implementation. A sequenced political, economic, and foreign relations history of Pakistan is described illustrating turning points, milestones, and debacles in her existence as a country. The political scenario of Pakistan, marred by intermittent military takeovers, with disregard, and mutilation of the constitution, mainly served personal interests. The rulers, irrespective of whether elected or otherwise, conjoined survival of their rule with that of the country. Thereupon, usurpation of power is legitimised by engineered elections or putting in place pliable judiciary. The indiscipline in political parties, absence of vision, political inexperience, self-centered, and headlong political leaders, increased the vulnerability of parliament to complete its tenure. Weak organisation of political parties is, thus easily maneuverable to the wheeling, dealings, and gaming of ‘establishment’. This is amply visible in all military takeovers of elected governments, right from throwing of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s government to dissolution of Nawaz Sharif’s government in 1999.
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B.C., Gopal. "History of Mathematics in Nepal." Academic Journal of Mathematics Education 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajme.v4i1.45585.

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Nepal is one of the nations of South Asia, which is situated in the southern part of the Himalayan region. In retrospect, the ancient history of South Asian subcontinent reveals that it consisted of many kingdoms for several centuries of its history. The later geo-political subdivision of the subcontinent consists of eight nations, and these nations are coordinated by the institution of SAARC established in 1985AD (Schaaf, 1975). Modern India covers major part of the subcontinent. Obviously, the ancient India has influenced the religions, culture, costumes, social practices, etc. of other nations of the subcontinent.
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Petrovic, Milenko. "The role of geography and history in determining the slower progress of post-communist transition in the Balkans." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 41, no. 2 (April 22, 2008): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2008.03.008.

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Central European and Baltic nations have progressed markedly faster than the other former communist states of Eastern Europe in post-communist transition. While five East Central European and three Baltic states have managed to successfully achieve the most important goals of political and economic transition and fulfil the criteria for EU membership, their counterparts from the Balkans continue to experience serious difficulties in implementing transitional reforms and merely hope for such an outcome. Scholarly analyses of the reasons for this division of post-communist Eastern Europe have often tended to emphasise the decisive importance of the initial geo-political, economic and socio-cultural conditions dating back to the deep pre-communist histories of the countries in question. Not denying the relevance and structural impacts of some historical and geo-political facts concerning the establishment of these differences, this paper argues that there is a limited explanatory value to structural arguments of the role of initial conditions in assessing the reasons for the slower progress of the Balkan states in post-communist reform.
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ORMEROD, PAUL, and SHAUN RIORDAN. "A New Approach to the Analysis of Geo-Political Risk." Diplomacy & Statecraft 15, no. 4 (December 2004): 643–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592290490886757.

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Kant Ghising, Aditya. "The Siliguri Corridor: A Historical Analysis of Geo-Political Vulnerability in Eastern India." International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 7, no. 4 (April 9, 2024): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v7i4.2062.

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The Siliguri Corridor, a mostly geo-strategic term often associated with the security architecture of eastern India, is an important geo-political space that has received special attention from experts on security, strategy and foreign policy ever since India’s independence. It has been touted as one of the most vulnerable areas of India from a security perspective, as well as the gateway to the country’s north-east and by extension, towards Southeast Asia. The current structure and geography of this corridor is a result of gradual additions as well as losses of territory in its history. This includes various policies implemented under the British colonial rule in India, followed by subsequent treaties after independence. This paper studies the genesis of the Siliguri Corridor and in the process makes an attempt to understand the historical background of settlement, migration and development of the areas which compose this corridor. It also analyzes the impact of colonialism and its contributions towards the continuing security dynamics in the region. To achieve this, a detailed study of the addition of these areas into the Indian subcontinent throughout various stages of its history has been focused upon. The paper also contributes towards addressing the dearth of literature in understanding the exact area and geographical extent of the corridor with the objective of highlighting its structural composition to add to the discourse on its security which so far has been limited to the widely discussed idea that at its narrowest, the corridor is only about 20 to 22 kilometers wide.
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Biasillo, Roberta. "Historical tools and current societal challenges: reflections on a collection of environmental migration cases." Fennia - International Journal of Geography 198, no. 1-2 (September 6, 2020): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11143/fennia.86020.

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Through considering a "Geo Archive" as a tool of history, this paper explores several conundrums concerning environmental migration in social sciences. It demonstrates how historical perspectives can problematize and unsettle various automatisms that are widely present in journalistic, public, and policy discourses. Through examples from the Geo Archive, the article illustrates how unavoidable historical dimensions can enrich our understandings on the interaction between environmental issues and migration flows. This paper engages with an open access "archive in-the-making". This Geo Archive includes case studies of migration flows and puts those flows in conversation with environmental transformations and climatic changes. The analysed collection presents high-profile stories which are representative samples of different approaches, temporalities, geographies, sources of information, narratives, and scales. This endeavour encompasses different disciplines and fields of expertise: environmental humanities, IT and communication experts, and political ecology. The archive places itself within the realms of public history, environmental history, and history of the present and aims to reach out to wider audiences. This digital humanities project stemmed from a support action funded by the EU initiative Horizon 2020 titled CLISEL whose overarching goal was to analyse and better inform institutional responses and policies addressing climate refugees and migrants.
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Kaplan, Sam. "Territorializing Armenians: geo‐texts, and political imaginaries in French‐occupied Cilicia, 1919–1922." History and Anthropology 15, no. 4 (December 2004): 399–423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0275720042000285169.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geo-political History"

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Datta, Abhijit. "Industry, trade and commerce in early medieval bengal: a historical investigation." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2020. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4377.

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Jenjekwa, Vincent. "A toponymic perspective on Zimbabwe’s post-2000 land reform programme (Third Chimurenga)." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25305.

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This qualitative study presents an onomastic perspective on the changing linguistic landscape of Zimbabwe which resulted from the post-2000 land reforms (also known as the Third Chimurenga). When veterans of Zimbabwe’s War of Liberation assumed occupancy of former white-owned farms, they immediately pronounced their take-over of the land through changes in place names. The resultant toponymic landscape is anchored in the discourses of the First and Second Chimurenga. Through recasting the Chimurenga (war of liberation) narrative, the proponents of the post-2000 land reforms endeavoured to create a historical continuum from the colonisation of Zimbabwe in 1890 to the post-2000 reforms, which were perceived as an attempt to redress the historical anomaly of land inequality. The aim of this study is to examine toponymic changes on the geo-linguistic landscape, and establish the extent of the changes and the post-colonial identity portrayed by these place names. Within the case study design, research methods included in-depth interviews, document study and observations as means of data generation. Through the application of critical and sociolinguistic theories in the form of post-colonial theory, complemented by geo-semiotics, political semiotics and language ecology, this study uncovers the richness of toponymy in exposing a cryptic social narrative reflective of, among others, contestations of power. The findings indicate that post-2000 toponymy is a complex mixture of pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial place names. These names recast the various narratives in respect of the history of Zimbabwe through the erasure of colonial toponyms and resuscitation older Chimurenga names. The resultant picture portrayed by post-2000 toponymy communicates a complex message of contested land ownership in Zimbabwe. There is a pronounced legacy of colonial toponymy that testifies to the British Imperial occupation of the land and the ideologies behind colonisation. This presence of colonial toponymy many years after independence is an ironic confirmation of the indelible legacy of British colonialism in Zimbabwe. The findings show a clear recasting of the discourses of violence and racial hostility, but also reveal an interesting trend of toponymic syncretism where colonial names are retained and used together with new names.
Linguistics and Modern Languages
D. Litt. et Phil. (Linguistics)
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Books on the topic "Geo-political History"

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1951-, Warikoo K., ed. Himalayan frontiers of India: Historical, geo-political, and strategic perspectives. New York: Routledge, 2009.

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FATA: Federally administered tribal areas of Pakistan :a socio-cultural and geo-political history. [Peshawar: s.n., 2003.

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Effendi, M. Y. Into the vortex of Asia: (Geo-political studies of Central Asia and Afghanistan from a South Asian viewpoint). Peshawar: Area Study Centre, University of Peshawar, 2006.

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Effendi, M. Y. Into the vortex of Asia: (Geo-political studies of Central Asia and Afghanistan from a South Asian viewpoint). Peshawar: Area Study Centre, University of Peshawar, 2006.

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Fleming, John. Political annals of Lower Canada: Being a review of the political and legislative history of that province under the act of the imperial parliament, 31, Geo. III, Cap. 31, which established a House of Assembly and Legislative Council ... [Montreal?: s.n.], 1985.

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Cacciari, Massimo. Geo-filosofia dell'Europa. Milano: Adelphi, 1994.

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Raj, Khatri Gopal, ed. The science of geo-politics. [Kathmandu?: s.n.], 2001.

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Maḥmūd, Naṣr Allāh Rāmī, ed. al-Quds, madīnat al-salām al-mafqūd: Al-ṭurūḥāt al-jiyūsiyāsīyah mundhu maṭlaʻ al-qarn al-ʻishrīn ilá Khuṭṭat al-Inṭiwāʼ al-Isrāʼīlīyah (2006) = Jerusalem, the city of lost peace : geo-political proposals from the beginning of the 20th century until the Unilateral Convergence Plan 2006. al-Quds: Markaz al-Taʻāwun wa-al-Salām al-Duwalī, 2006.

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Siam mapped: A history of the geo-body of a nation. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1994.

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Shifting geo-economic power of the Gulf: Oil, finance and institutions. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geo-political History"

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Miah, Andy. "Media Change at the Olympic Games." In Sport 2.0. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262035477.003.0007.

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This chapter examines the history of media change at the Olympic Games. It shows how how the expansion of the mega-event media industries has led to greater exclusivism over reporting privileges. In turn, this has narrowed the lens through which reporting takes place—even if the coverage volume has increased. It also explores how the Olympic Games stimulate geo-political discussions about media change on a global scale and how this can influence wider socio-political change.
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Motrescu-Mayes, Annamaria, and Heather Norris Nicholson. "Through Women’s Lens: Imperial and Postcolonial Class and Gender Hierarchies." In British Women Amateur Filmmakers, 110–32. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474420730.003.0005.

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This chapter charts how changing geo-political relations during late colonialism influenced conventional imperial ideologies of race, gender and identity and brought about a fundamental shift in women’s visual literacy. Through their unofficial, un-commissioned and private visual records of early post-colonial history, women were often able to promote new understandings of political, racial and gender transformations specific to crucial times for the British Empire and the Commonwealth. It argues that British women amateur filmmakers transcended traditional historical discourses in recording their own first-person narratives. The chapter centres on the analysis of particular sequences filmed in markedly different geo-political contexts by Queen Elizabeth II, Audrey Lewis, and two of Maharaja Vijaysinhji of Rajpipla’s British female friends. Their films prompt new perspective on how and why British women amateur filmmakers chose to record men as possible agents of national and imperial post-colonial identity. The cine-women discussed in this chapter witnessed and filmed radical shifts in representations of gender-driven, post-imperial roles within specific cultural norms and opportunities. As a result, questions of gendered and visual appropriation are considered in relation to feminist and postcolonial theories while acknowledging that the interpretation of British women's amateur visual practice often requires new methodologies and interdisciplinary approaches.
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Rajamanickam, Srinivasan. "Exploring Landscapes in Regional Convergence." In Handbook of Research on Global Indicators of Economic and Political Convergence, 474–510. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0215-9.ch021.

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The South Asian region is a key economic zone, as seen from the global perspective. In the past two decades, it has witnessed a healthy growth in GDP terms. Globalization has propelled the countries in the region towards regional cooperation as a means to address common growth concerns. Along with geo-political compulsions that have fostered this convergence, we find that there are also socio-cultural and historical factors present that could serve as binding stones. However environment and climate change pose a huge challenge to the economic integration and growth in this region. While a number of institutional and policy regional cooperative measures have been put in place, there are certain bottlenecks in the region, which are again a product of its history, that need to be addressed. We feel that reassessment of national interests and priorities through strong political will are essential to mitigate these bottlenecks to realize the true potential of convergence in this region.
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Zhuplev, Anatoly. "Russia." In Geo-Regional Competitiveness in Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic Countries, and Russia, 318–80. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6054-0.ch011.

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After the dissolution of the U.S.S.R., Russia is repositioning itself as a major political-economic actor in the Eurasian geo-region. These aspirations are commensurable with Russian history, geography, and rich mineral resource base, specifically energy. To a large extent, Russia's resurgence has been propelled by extraordinary reliance on oil and gas buttressed by high global energy prices. Russia's political-economic ambitions, posturing, and recent improvements are found in stark contrast with its mediocre ratings in social and environmental performance. The study explores strategic attractiveness, cost, and risk of doing business, and reveals that Russia trails Germany and U.S.A., key aspirational comparators, in critical global competitiveness rankings. It also lags behind China, a major comparator. Under high energy prices, Russia appears capable of maintaining a certain degree of global competitiveness and improvements, although tempered by growing politic-economic strategic ambitions. The study calls for reforms and strategic improvements in developing human capital and innovations toward sustainable global competitiveness.
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Fraser, Alastair. "Aid-Recipient Sovereignty in Historical Context." In The Politics of Aid, 45–73. Oxford University PressOxford, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199560172.003.0003.

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Abstract The previous chapter laid out a series of challenges to the rational actor model that has been widely used to analyse aid negotiations. It argued that the strategies recipients adopt in aid negotiations are heavily constrained by factors that go well beyond the economic dependence of the recipient on aid and debt relief. Geo-strategic questions as well as ideological and political developments in both donor and recipient states provide an influential context for negotiations. This chapter illustrates the argument by sketching a global history of donorrecipient relations. It also sets the stage for the country studies by clarifying, through contrast with the past, the constraints and opportunities facing recipients now.
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Azim, Shabnam. "Music and Politics in Bangladesh." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts, 212–27. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5817-1.ch009.

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“Bangladesh” is not only a popular song by George Harrison, a British singer, but also a showcase of the aura of music through which a relatively small area of land—Bangladesh—was introduced to the rest of the world in 1971. This is a unique example of the power and use of music to change the canvas of war, cruelty, weapons, murders, geo-politics, and a massive refugee problem. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the history of this musical power in the political liberation of Bangladesh, as well as how a generation of teenage bloggers in the country harnessed music to actualize their objective of bringing what they saw as justice to people who, in their judgement, undermined their country's war of liberation.
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Badejogbin, Rebecca Emiene. "African Women’s Paths to the International Bench." In Identity and Diversity on the International Bench, 122–41. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870753.003.0007.

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The lack of female judicial appointments in the history of international courts has led to the introduction of obligations and targets for nominating/appointing authorities to select and elect women candidates. Compliance with these obligations remains a challenge and the women who aspire to these offices must not only have the requisite qualifications, but also pass through the nomination and election processes, which can involve a high level of political manoeuvring. Mentoring, deliberate mobilization, and gatekeeping may also play a role. Other important elements that may affect a woman’s international judicial career include socio-economic factors, geo-cultural politics, the political will to nominate women, and a blend of contextual experiences, institutional opportunities, and personal agency. This chapter probes these dynamics, offering insights into the challenges and opportunities for women who seek careers on the international bench, focusing specifically on the unique experiences of female African judges in international and regional courts.
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Raviola, Blythe Alice. "Le ‘relazioni’ e la storia. Il racconto delle Fiandre di Giovanni Botero, Emanuele Tesauro e Galeazzo Gualdo Priorato." In La res publica di Galeazzo Gualdo Priorato (1606-1678) Storiografia, notizie, letteratura. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-627-5/004.

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A tangle of themes cluttered the pen of the 16th-17th-century polygraphers, but some more than others impressed them by their political urgency. This was the case with the dramatic Flanders Wars and the geo-political lacerations that religious conflicts entailed in Europe in the late 16th century and the first four decades of the following until the conclusion of the Thirty Years’ War. Giovanni Botero, author of The Reason of State but also of the Universal Relations, was among the first – in the wake of Antonio Possevino, Cesare Campana and Guido Bentivoglio – to narrate the events from a decidedly pro-Spanish perspective, yet attentive to the motivations and successes of the Dutch rebels, perceiving the harsh consequences triggered by confessional quarrels. How much could the Vicenza-born Gualdo, military man, witness and historiographer, make of this in his Historie delle guerre di Ferdinando II e Ferdinando III and in Guerriero prudente (1640)? What are the points of contact, then, with Campeggiamenti nelle Fiandre (1638) by the Jesuit Emanuele Tesauro, also a witness and historiographer in that case? Apart from palmistry comparisons, the contribution aims to grasp the close relationship between those baroque authors and their contemporary history, declined in the form of a living, fitting, reportage in fieri.
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Levine, Gregory P. A. "Zen Art before Nothingness." In Long Strange Journey. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824858056.003.0002.

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Chapter One describes the uncertain beginnings of Zen and Zen art within modern intercultural encounters between Japan and Europe and North America. The representations and perceptions of Zen in the West arising from initial contacts in the sixteenth century and thereafter from the late nineteenth to the early twentieth were not uniform with what we discover from the 1920s and 1930s onward, and certainly not identical to those of the postwar Zen boom. As a genealogical sketch, this history of Zen art before “Zen art,” suggests a sensibility of ambivalence or nascent interest during the mid-to-late nineteenth century leading to one of infatuation in the early twentieth, at which time there emerged a range of geo-political conditions and a group of active Zen campaigners promoting the formation of a specifically differentiated and instrumentalized Zen and Zen art.
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Storey, Valerie A. "University Growth." In Improving Higher Education Models Through International Comparative Analysis, 1–18. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7327-6.ch001.

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This chapter aims to conceptualize e-learning and artificial intelligence as a progression in the geo-historical process of university evolution and expansion in an increasingly globalizing world. Perkin identified five historical periods in university growth: the emergence of the medieval universities and their spread in the feudal order, the demands posed to universities by nation-states and the Enlightenment during the early modern period, the impact of the political and industrial revolutions, and the crisis of mass higher education since 1918. This chapter adds a sixth digital technologies: the role of artificial intelligence and cloud applications. Knowing and reflecting on the history of higher education is essential. Why universities emerged in societies and how they spread globally is relevant to understanding contemporary challenges facing higher education. To this end, the first locations, purposes, organizational structures, and legal frameworks are discussed.
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Conference papers on the topic "Geo-political History"

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Moy, James S. "SOVEREIGN GEOGRAPHIES, ERRANT PARTS & EVERYTHING IN ITS PLACE." In 2024 SoRes Dubai –International Conference on Interdisciplinary Research in Social Sciences, 19-20 February. Global Research & Development Services, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/icssh.2024.128149.

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We exist in a significant geo-political nexus in the history of global development. African nations of the Sahel and indigenous peoples around the world have begun to kinetically resist neo-colonial initiatives to reimpose past suppressions. This paper surveys developments from 15th and 16th Century Papal Bulls through, government legislation and policy developments including the American Indian removal act of 1830, Berlin Conference of 1884-85, the Morgenthau Plan, late 20th Century Neo-Colonial exploitation and continuing early 21st century attempts at re-inscription of emergent rentier oppressions and trajectories. Within this context, this piece concludes with a pointed discussion of social media and its place in subverting the governmental attempts to control the narrative of the global order in light of recent geo-political developments and the global history of suppression.
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Markelov, Konstantin, Pavel Karabushenko, Rafik Usmanov, and Vyacheslav Golovin. "The international north-south transport corridor: history, modernity, prospects." In East – West: Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.eaxq2094.

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Since ancient times, the trade route "from the Varangians to the Persians" and on to India was used by caravans of merchants from all over the multifaceted Eurasia. This route also served as a means of cultural and religious exchange, spreading knowledge and everyday habits. The history of this issue shows that the political and economic elites who initiated diplomatic and trade missions were primarily interested in developing and optimizing trade. The current drive to revive this route in the form of the International North-South Transport Corridor (ITC) is designed to bring integration processes to a higher geopolitical and geo-economic level. The paper analyzes the current status of the project, contains proposals for its optimization and expresses confidence that its implementation will enhance the integration of the Eurasian continent and increase its security.
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Alperen, Ümit, and Ahmet Günay. "Trade Expectations Theory and China’s Rising: Towards a Peaceful Future?" In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00907.

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Since mid-1990, it has been discussed that China’s economic rise would affect political space. There are some worries that the “rejuvenation” of China as economic, politic, geo-strategic power could challenge to the current international system. Hence this rising has been called “China threat theory” and it could cause a conflict in international system. According to realist school, China’s peaceful rise is almost impossible, so China will threat to the current international system and clash with hegemonic power. They also provide some empirical evidence from history. On the other hand, Liberals expresses that trade provides valuable benefits to any particular states. So, China as a dependent state should avoid from war or conflict, since peaceful trading gives it all the benefits of close ties without any of the costs and risks of war. This paper attempts to examine ‘China’s peaceful rise’ based on interdependence and trade expectations theory within the context of international political economy. To analyze whether China threat or not to the world, we have to know the relationship between economic and politics. Trade expectations theory could explain the rise of China with establishes bridge between incompetence of realist and liberal theories. According to trade expectations theory, the rise of China will be peaceful because of China’s expectations as economically are positive. For this reason, China as a rational actor chooses win-win without risk instead of win-lose or lose-lose. If China’s expectations turn into negative in future, its policies could change from cooperation to conflict.
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4

Tricarico, Giuseppe. "Le fortificazioni litoranee di Terra d’Otranto: una panoramica sulle torri costiere della provincia di Lecce." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11471.

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The coastal fortifications of Terra d’Otranto: a panoramic view of the coastal towers in the province of LecceDuring the Modern Age we witnessed the birth, consolidation and decline of great powers that dragged numerous political and religious conflicts with them. The Mediterranean Sea, as area of contact between the most distant Empires, experienced an era of intense naval activity in the form of piracy, race wars and armed deterrence, spreading along its shores with coastal watch towers. The organization of the defensive coastal system took place in intimate relationship with the territory, strongly characterizing the coasts which for centuries have seen them as the unique anthropical presence. Their exclusively military character has, however, inhibited their reuse over time, arousing until a few decades ago the disinterest of the community and their disavowal of architectures worthy of protection. The knowledge of the historical events and the morphotypological characteristics of the Apulian system of coastal towers thus becomes the starting point for their acknowledgment as fundamental identifying characters of the territory, finalizing their study to the re-appropriation of these assets by the community as strategical vehicles for the transmission of the local history and its intrinsic values. The classification of the towers in the province of Lecce has made them the object of spatial and typological analyses produced with the help of the opensource software “Quantum GIS” and geo-referenced on the official cartographic bases.
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5

Palipane, Kelum, and Janet McGaw. "An Interdisciplinary Architectural Pedagogy for Social Relevance." In 2019 ACSA Teachers Conference. ACSA Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.teach.2019.61.

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We live in a time of rapid geo-political change that is expected to accelerate rather than stabilise over the coming decades: More than half the world lives in urban areas, a figure expected to rise to 68% over the next 30 years. Cities are denser and more socially complex than ever before. Rural to urban internal migration continues, but a substantial driver of population transitions is a consequence of inter-national immigration, some of it forced. In fact, there are currently 65 million displaced people in the world; the largest figure in history. These increasingly complex conditions require architects to practice a new kind of critical consciousness about the socio-economic, environmental and demographic multiplicities in which they work. It’s no longer enough to concentrate on the conditions of a site defined by the lines of property ownership. Architects need to adopt a contextually relevant praxis that responds to the multiscalar effects of our changing social condition. To that end, we argue, the emerging generation of architects will need knowledge and methods – often inter-disciplinary – that enable them to read and represent these social complexities and address them through critical design responses. This paper presents a pedagogical approach for a foundational transdisciplinary design studio within a new generalist undergraduate degree in design in which this pedagogical challenge is addressed. It is a core subject in the pathway to professional a master’s degrees in architecture, landscape architecture and urban design.
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6

Mohite, S. D. D. "LNG Imports - A Strategic Choice for GCC Region." In SPE Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169980-ms.

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Abstract Although Middle East region is blessed with 43% of global proven gas reserves equivalent at 80 trillion cubic meters, of which 50 % are in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, apart from the challenge of historic under-investment, regional gas endowments have been highly uneven and unique. The region is responding to gas shortages by boosting supplies through a combination of E&P developments and imports. As per IEA, the current 240 billion cubic meters (BCM) demand is expected to rise to 300 BCM by 2020 and 600 BCM by 2030. About 90% of incremental energy demand for power generation would come from gas then. Strategic investment will have to focus on creating large volumes of storage capacity as well as peak deliverability to cope with rising imports and power demand requirements. Currently, Dubai and Kuwait import LNG through floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) projects. At first these imports were seasonal (i.e. summer demand for electricity for air conditioning) and on a spot or short-term basis. Now, demand extends into all but the winter months and soon demand will be year round. The expansion of FSRU in Kuwait in to a permanent facility would increase capacity from 500 MMSCF/d to 3 BCF/d in two phases. This 11.0 million ton per annum (MMTPA) Kuwaiti LNG project under phase-I, is likely to replace the country's FSRU by 2020, mainly to replace the fuel oil firing in power plants. Abu Dhabi is developing a 8.7 MMTPA project in the Emirate of Fujairah on the Indian Ocean outside the Strait of Hormuz. Depending on supply-demand dynamics, Abu Dhabi may be both an importer and exporter of LNG, possibly relying on gas from the Shah and Bab fields. Bahrain has plans to develop 3.6 MMPTA shore-based import facility. Oman has combined Oman LNG and Qalhat LNG projects for integrated benefits, is developing unconventional gas reserves and would reduce gas subsidies to improve the demand equilibrium. Yemen continues to export LNG but has interruptions because of security issues. While Qatar gains geo-political benefits from its broader LNG export customers, with plans to expand its LNG capacity further, the possibility of it supplying gas to its neighbors is remote. Whereas, Saudi Arabia is better dedicated to its oil-field development, has realized benefits of developing and commercializing its gas fields, for both power and job generation. In view of the above, LNG thus remains a strategic choice for GCC countries mainly due to: Most environment-friendly and efficient option for rapidly escalating power demand at ~ 8% p.a.Techno-economics favoring fuel mix of LSFO and LNG for power and industries, instead of crude and dieselRefinery-Petrochemical integration becomes a more viable optionLimitations on geo-technical and geo-political contentious issues on developing non-associated gas fieldsChallenges on speeding up trade and strengthening exchange of power using 2009-set GCC grid, at full capacitySlow diversification into high-profile renewable power projects and its bold initiatives
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