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Armasu, Sebastian, Bryan McCauley, Iftikhar Kullo, Hugues Sicotte, Jyotishman Pathak, Christopher Chute, Omri Gottesman, et al. "Identification of unique venous thromboembolism-susceptibility variants in African-Americans." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 117, no. 04 (2017): 758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th16-08-0652.
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SummaryTo identify novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) in African-Americans (AAs), we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of VTE in AAs using the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network, comprised of seven sites each with DNA biobanks (total ~39,200 unique DNA samples) with genome-wide SNP data (imputed to 1000 Genomes Project cosmopolitan reference panel) and linked to electronic health records (EHRs). Using a validated EHR-driven phenotype extraction algorithm, we identified VTE cases and controls and tested for an association between each SNP and VTE using unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, stroke, site-platform combination and sickle cell risk genotype. Among 393 AA VTE cases and 4,941 AA controls, three intragenic SNPs reached genome-wide significance: LEMD3 rs138916004 (OR=3.2; p=1.3E-08), LY86 rs3804476 (OR=1.8; p=2E-08) and LOC100130298 rs142143628 (OR=4.5; p=4.4E-08); all three SNPs validated using internal cross-validation, parametric bootstrap and meta-analysis methods. LEMD3 rs138916004 and LOC100130298 rs142143628 are only present in Africans (1000G data). LEMD3 showed a significant differential expression in both NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Mayo Clinic gene expression data, LOC100130298 showed a significant differential expression only in the GEO expression data, and LY86 showed a significant differential expression only in the Mayo expression data. LEMD3 encodes for an antagonist of TGF-β-induced cell proliferation arrest. LY86 encodes for MD-1 which down-regulates the pro-inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide; LY86 variation was previously associated with VTE in white women; LOC100130298 is a non-coding RNA gene with unknown regulatory activity in gene expression and epigenetics.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
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Kutz, William. "Municipalizing geo-economic statecraft: Crisis and transition in Europe." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 6 (February 10, 2017): 1224–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x17691969.
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This article investigates how geographical capital switching, precipitated by the 2007–08 economic crisis, has altered the strategic territorial organization of European city-regions. The dislocation of capital accumulation to (emerging) foreign markets has undermined the purported capacity for city-regions to regulate the contradictions of uneven development in the European Union. The argument is that, in southern Spain, city-regions have increasingly responded to the crisis by shifting spatial development away from conventional neoliberal locational initiatives towards an assertion of geo-economic statecraft at the municipal level. Drawing primarily upon the case study of Málaga, Spain the article contributes to theories of new state space in three ways. First, geo-economic statecraft is both embedded within, and is a response to, the historically inherited geographies of neoliberal urbanization. Second, intensified growth imperatives amid recessionary decline belie the importance of gatekeeping activities that municipalize political control over cross-border investment flows that parallel more traditional, selective targeting of state territory. Third, the strategic externalization of economic space has helped to reshape the variegated cartographies of local state territory and sovereignty between the EU and non-member states. Together, these dynamics situate the spatial regulation of urban crises as central to explaining the patterns and processes of European territoriality in the 21st-century.
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Ahmeti, Hysen, Ajet Ahmeti, and Ragip Behrami. "The Impact of Coal Quality on Reduction of Environmental Pollution Researched Through Statistical Analysis." Civil Engineering Journal 8, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 1596–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2022-08-08-05.
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Today, the region in general but also Kosovo faces a lack of electricity on the one hand and environmental pollution on the other hand from existing power plants where electricity is produced for the community in general in thermo-plants Kosovo A and Kosovo B. The purpose and importance of this paper is that for the samples taken through the layers (floors) of coal by drilling to extract the calorific values of coal (ETU) and the percentage of ash, whose parameters were analysed in the laboratory of geo-mechanics according to the standards (ISO 9001) in order to eliminate the weak part of coal that would have a positive impact on increasing electricity production but also on reducing environmental pollution within the allowed values according to European Union standards. To carry out this work, a large number of drillings were performed from which 91 samples were taken at different depths, these samples were analysed and, at the same time, statistical processing was done in order to find the average caloric value of (ETU) and the content of ash with the lowest value, these parameters will help us to determine the method to be applied during the exploitation in order to create better conditions for the transport process to the power plants by means of conveyor belts and, at the same time raising the quantity of energy production and reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2). Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-08-05 Full Text: PDF
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Dreier, John E. "Management of Copper Heap Leach Projects: A Geologist’s Perspective." SEG Discovery, no. 122 (July 1, 2020): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/geo-and-mining-08.
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Editor’s note: The Geology and Mining series, edited by Dan Wood and Jeffrey Hedenquist, is designed to introduce early-career professionals and students to a variety of topics in mineral exploration, development, and mining, in order to provide insight into the many ways in which geoscientists contribute to the mineral industry. Abstract Copper production by heap leaching, coupled with solvent extraction and electrowinning (SX-EW), is a well-established technology, with an annual output of about 3.7 million tonnes (Mt) of copper metal. Ores presently amenable to copper heap leaching include copper oxides and secondary copper sulfides. Most copper deposits amenable to acid sulfate heap leaching result from supergene processes within porphyry copper systems, although copper heap leaching has been applied to sandstone and shale-hosted deposits, among others. Copper heap leaching is a rate-dependent process sensitive to copper mineralogy (copper oxides > secondary sulfides > hypogene sulfides), driven by the pH of the leach solution, the activity of ferric iron (Fe3+ (aq)) dissolved in the leach solution, and temperature. Acid consumption, a principal operating cost item, depends on the pH of the leach solution; the presence of reactive gangue minerals, notably carbonates, Ca plagioclase, pyroxene, Fe-rich amphibole, and olivine; and the cumulative surface area of material in the heap. There are three basic approaches to commercial copper heap leaching—run-of-mine, dedicated pad, and on-off pad leaching, with variables that include crushing, acid/ferric agglomeration, solution application rate, and leach solution pH. These approaches affect copper leach kinetics, overall copper recovery, acid consumption, and capital and operating costs. A successful copper heap leach evaluation program requires a systematic approach, beginning with geologic mapping, then drilling and hydraulic and metallurgical testing, and concluding with financial analysis, engineering, and permitting. As geologists are the unique party in the process, with a thorough understanding of the overall deposit geology, including ore and gangue mineralogy, the domains that comprise the deposit, and the geochemistry of leaching, they must remain fully involved in the project throughout the evaluation. At the outset, geologists must manage the drilling program and define the grade-mineral domains. Later, they must participate in the metallurgical and hydraulic testing programs, including the evaluation of test results; then, during financial modeling, they must collaborate with all of the other specialists.
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Ismail, Nur Syakiran Akmal, Norehan Abdullah, Kalthum Hassan, Shamzaeffa Samsudin, Ummu Atiyah Ahmad Zakuan, Rohana Yusof, and Nurzalyna Mohamed Zaki. "Kesejahteraan hidup warga emas: Perancangan berasaskan gender." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 13, no. 3 (August 29, 2017): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2017-1303-08.
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Ibrahim, Mohd Yusri. "Pengaruh amalan komunikasi terhadap penglibatan belia dalam kesukarelawanan." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 13, no. 4 (November 30, 2017): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2017-1304-08.
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Mohamed, Siti Norsakira, and Rosniza Aznie Che Rose. "Potensi bandar Kuala Lipis sebagai destinasi pelancongan warisan." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 14, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2018-1401-08.
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R, Zaimah, Novel Lyndon, Sarmila M.S, and Mohd Yusof Hussain. "Tahap kepuasan pekebun kecil sawit terhadap amalan integrasi sawit." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 14, no. 2 (May 29, 2018): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2018-1402-08.
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Roslam, Aini Fatihah, Nor Azizan Idris, and Zarina Othman. "Analisis sekatan bilateral Amerika Syarikat terhadap Myanmar." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 14, no. 3 (August 27, 2018): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2018-1403-08.
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Yésou, Hervé, Pierre Chastanet, Jérôme Maxant, Claire Huber, Stephen Clandillon, Stéphanie Battiston, Catherine Proy, and Paul De Fraipont. "Contribution de l'imagerie Pléiades à la cartographie rapide des dégâts suite à des catastrophes majeures: retours d'expériences après deux ans d'actions de cartographie rapide localisées en Asie, en Afrique, en Europe et aux Caraïbes." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 209 (January 29, 2015): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2015.236.
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Le lancement des deux satellites Pléiades 1A et 1B fin 2011 et 2012 a permis à la France de se doter de nouvelles capacités d'acquisition d'images optiques à très haute résolution, dans le domaine particulier de la gestion des crises mais aussi plus largement dans différentes thématiques d'Observation de la Terre. Les capacités et spécificités techniques de la Constellation Pléiades ouvrent de réelles opportunités pour la cartographie des dégâts suite à une catastrophe. Depuis 2012, le CNES, Airbus Defence and Space Geo-Intelligence et le SERTIT, ont combiné leurs efforts à plusieurs reprises pour assister les acteurs internationaux de la gestion de crise, optimisant les programmations des satellites Pléiades et analysant les images acquises. Différentes actions de cartographie réactive ont ainsi été menées, exploitant le potentiel de la Constellation Pléiades: inondations à Krymsk en Russie (07-2012), tremblement de terre dans la province iranienne d'Azerbaïdjan oriental (08-2012), inondations au Niger (08-2012), cyclone Sandy en Haïti (11-2012), typhon Bopha aux Philippines (12-2012), cyclone Evan à Wallis et Futuna (12-2012), cyclone Haruna à Madagascar (02-2013), inondations au Sénégal (08-2013), le cyclone Bejisa sur l'île de la Réunion (01-2014). Les premiers retours d'expérience sont plus que positifs, démontrant que les le système Pléiades est particulièrement adapté à la gestion de crise dans sa phase d'urgence. La très haute résolution spatiale permet une cartographie précise essentielle dans les zones critiques telles que les paysages urbains ou les infrastructures sensibles, la possibilité d'acquisition journalière et la livraison rapide des données constituent des atouts majeurs pour les applications spatiales, notamment pour la gestion des risques.
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Tandoh, Kwesi Z., Kwadwo A. Kusi, Timothy N. Archampong, Isaac Boamah, and Osbourne Quaye. "Hepatitis B infection outcome is associated with novel human leukocyte antigen variants in Ghanaian cohort." Experimental Biology and Medicine 245, no. 9 (April 29, 2020): 815–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370220921118.
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Chronic hepatitis B infection is an important medical problem in sub-Saharan Africa. With increasing concerns of dwindling access to needed care, increasing cost of treatment, and rising prevalence of dire outcomes like liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer, the need to determine the genetic associations underpinning hepatitis B virus persistence or clearance in a population comes to the fore. Genetic association studies have suggested a variation in human leukocyte antigen alleles associated with hepatitis B virus outcome along geo-ethnic lines. We investigated the association of human leukocyte antigen alleles to hepatitis B virus outcome against this backdrop. We used targeted next generation sequencing to type the human leukocyte antigen class I and II alleles of 173 study participants. These comprised of 92 cases with chronic hepatitis B infection and 81 healthy controls with serological evidence of naturally cleared hepatitis B virus infection. We have identified human leukocyte antigen alleles associated with hepatitis B virus clearance and persistence for the first time in a Ghanaian population. The class 1 allele C*16:01 (odds ratio (OR) = 3.4, confidence interval (CI) = 1.6–7.0, P-value = 0.01) was associated with hepatitis B virus persistence. Four class I alleles and one class II allele: A*34:02 (OR = 0.1, CI = 0.04–0.2, P-value = 3.4e-05), A*74:01 (OR = 0.3, CI = 0.2–0.7, P-value = 0.0135), B*13:02 (OR = 0.04, CI = 0.01–0.2, P-value = 0.000172), C*08:04 (OR = 0.06, CI = 0.01–0.2, P-value = 7.83e-05), and DRB1*08:04 (OR = 0.2, CI = 0.03–0.27, P-value = 0.000252) were associated with hepatitis B virus clearance. Our data show that previously reported human leukocyte antigen alleles associations to hepatitis B virus outcome are not found in this Ghanaian study. This study has therefore identified human leukocyte antigen types that are associated with either hepatitis B virus persistence or clearance and highlights the importance of geo-ethnic pivoted studies in determining the genetic associations to acute hepatitis B virus infection outcome. Impact statement Genetic association studies can determine the effect size of gene loci on disease outcomes. In the arena of HBV infections, HLA alleles that associate with HBV outcomes can be used in clinical management decisions. This potential translational utility can shape the future management of HBV infections by identifying at-risk individuals and tailoring medical interventions accordingly. This precision medicine motif is currently only a nascent idea. However, it has stakes that may well override the current “wait and see” approach of clinical management of HBV infections. Here, we have identified HLA alleles associated with HBV outcome in a Ghanaian cohort. Our findings support the motif that HLA alleles associate with HBV outcome along geo-ethnic lines. This buttresses the need for further population pivoted studies. In the long term, our findings add to efforts towards the development of an HLA molecular-based algorithm for predicting HBV infection outcomes.
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Karas, I. R., M. Ben Ahmed, A. A. Boudhir, and B. K. Ane. "THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SMART CITY APPLICATIONS: PREFACE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-4/W3-2020 (November 23, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-4-w3-2020-1-2020.
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Abstract. This Conference Proceedings volume contains the written versions of the contributions presented during the 5th International Conference on Smart City Applications.At first, the event had been planned to organized in Safranbolu Campus of Karabuk University, Türkiye. Then, it has been converted to the online conference because of the Covid-19 situation. It took place with the motto of “Virtual Safranbolu” by inspiring historical UNESCO Heritage city Safranbolu, on October 07-08, 2020. The conference provided a setting for discussing recent developments in a wide variety of topics including Geo-Smart Information Systems, Smart Cities, 3D City Modeling and Visualization, Smart Building and Home Automation, Smart Environment and Smart Agriculture, Location Based Services, GeoInformation for Mobile, Wearable Technologies and Wireless Sensor Networks, Building Information Modeling, Virtual and Augmented Reality, Big Data and Urban Data Analytics, Smart Healthcare, Smart Economy and Digital Business, Smart Education and Intelligent Learning System, and etc.The event has been a good opportunity for the more than 300 participants coming from more than 30 countries of the world to present and discuss topics in their respective research areas. In addition, four keynote speakers presented latest achievements on their fields; Alias Abdul Rahman "Smart Cities and Geo-Spatial Technologies", Şule Erten Ela "Smart Cities and Energy", Bülent Bayram "Deep learning applications for shoreline extraction from Landsat and Sentinel satellite Imagery", Attaullah Shah "Review Use of Modern Technologies in Creating Smart Cities".The 63 papers that were selected as a result of double-blind review process and presented during the conference were accepted for the final publication in the ISPRS Archives.We would like to thank all participants, organizing and scientific committee members, and session chairs for their contributions to the conference program and these Proceedings.
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Fattahi, Fahimeh, Jafar Kiani, Mohsen Khosravi, Somayeh Vafaei, Asghar Mohammadi, Zahra Madjd, and Mohammad Najafi. "Enrichment of Up-regulated and Down-regulated Gene Clusters Using Gene Ontology, miRNAs and lncRNAs in Colorectal Cancer." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 22, no. 8 (December 19, 2019): 534–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207321666191010114149.
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Aim and Objective: It is interesting to find the gene signatures of cancer stages based on the omics data. The aim of study was to evaluate and to enrich the array data using gene ontology and ncRNA databases in colorectal cancer. Methods: The human colorectal cancer data were obtained from the GEO databank. The downregulated and up-regulated genes were identified after scoring, weighing and merging of the gene data. The clusters with high-score edges were determined from gene networks. The miRNAs related to the gene clusters were identified and enriched. Furthermore, the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) networks were predicted with a central core for miRNAs. Results: Based on cluster enrichment, genes related to peptide receptor activity (1.26E-08), LBD domain binding (3.71E-07), rRNA processing (2.61E-34), chemokine (4.58E-19), peptide receptor (1.16E-19) and ECM organization (3.82E-16) were found. Furthermore, the clusters related to the non-coding RNAs, including hsa-miR-27b-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-30e-5p, hsa-miR-588, hsa-miR-29-3p, LINC01234, LINC01029, LINC00917, LINC00668 and CASC11 were found. Conclusion: The comprehensive bioinformatics analyses provided the gene networks related to some non-coding RNAs that might help in understanding the molecular mechanisms in CRC.
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Peixoto, Filipe Da Silva, and Marta Celina Linhares Sales. "Análise de Microclimas na Cidade de Viçosa do Ceará: Abordagem na Perspectiva do Conforto Térmico (Analysis of the Microclimate in Viçosa Ceará: Approach in View of Thermal Comfort)." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 5, no. 1 (May 17, 2012): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v5i1.232753.
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O estudo foi realizado na cidade de Viçosa do Ceará, cujas características geoambientais proporcionam um tipo climático de enclave úmido, ou seja, resulta em uma área de maior umidade e menor temperatura média isso devido ao efeito da altitude, em meio às áreas mais rebaixadas que configuram a depressão sertaneja, portanto, são áreas de condições geoambientais mais favoráveis ao conforto térmico. Buscou-se nos pontos de análise a distinção de diferentes tipos de uso e ocupação do solo, associado às características naturais que causam diferentes microclimas intraurbanos. Esses foram analisados através do levantamento de dados de temperatura do ar, temperatura efetiva, umidade do ar, e altitude. O levantamento foi realizado entre às 08 e 17 horas no dia 29 de outubro de 2009, período de primavera no hemisfério sul, correspondente ao período quente e seco no nordeste setentrional. Os dados foram tratados de forma a evidenciar os diferentes microclimas qualitativa e espacialmente, através de gráficos comparativos e mapa de isolinhas de temperatura efetiva. Foi observado que sob o efeito das ilhas de calor, identificadas nos pontos dois (Centro da Cidade) e três (Praça do Coreto), a atmosfera do local se comporta de maneiras distintas, e esses pontos caracterizaram-se pela conservação de temperatura efetiva de 26 ºC às 15 horas, quando em condições normais essa temperatura tenderia a um decréscimo maior, situação observada nos demais pontos ambos com 24,8 ºC às 15 horas. A atmosfera da cidade de Viçosa do Ceará sofre o fenômeno da ilha de calor, que se mostra no espaço onde o uso e ocupação do solo são mais intensificados. Palavras- chaves: Clima urbano. Viçosa do Ceará. Espaço Urbano. Analysis of the Microclimate in Viçosa Ceará: Approach in View of Thermal Comfort ABSTRACTThe study was conducted in Viçosa do Ceará, whose geo-environmental features provide a kind of enclave humid climate, which in the state of Ceará is configured as an area of geo-environmental conditions more favorable for thermal comfort. Sought on the points of analysis to distinguish different types of land use and land cover, associated with natural features that cause different microclimates in space city. These were analyzed using the survey data of air temperature, actual temperature, humidity, and altitude. The survey was conducted between at 08 and 17 hours on October 29, 2009, the data were treated to highlight the qualitatively different microclimates and spatially, through graphs and comparative map of isolines of effective temperature. We note that under the effect of heat islands, identified in section 2 (City Centre) and 3 (Square Bandstand), the atmosphere of the site behaves differently, and these points were characterized by the conservation of effective temperature of 26 C for 15 hours, when this temperature under normal conditions would tend to a larger decrease observed in the other two points to 24.8 º C at 15 hours. The atmosphere of the city of Viçosa do Ceará suffers the heat island phenomenon, which appears in the space where the use and occupation are more intensified. Keywords: Urban climate. Viçosa- Ce. Space Urban.
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Hussain, Muhammad Afaq, Zhanlong Chen, Run Wang, Safeer Ullah Shah, Muhammad Shoaib, Nafees Ali, Daozhu Xu, and Chao Ma. "Landslide Susceptibility Mapping using Machine Learning Algorithm." Civil Engineering Journal 8, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 209–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2022-08-02-02.
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Landslides are natural disasters that have resulted in the loss of economies and lives over the years. The landslides caused by the 2005 Muzaffarabad earthquake heavily impacted the area, and slopes in the region have become unstable. This research was carried out to find out which areas, as in Muzaffarabad district, are sensitive to landslides and to define the relationship between landslides and geo-environmental factors using three tree-based classifiers, namely, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Random Forest (RF), and k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). These machine learning models are innovative and can assess environmental problems and hazards for any given area on a regional scale. The research consists of three steps: Firstly, for training and validation, 94 historical landslides were randomly split into a proportion of 7/3. Secondly, topographical and geological data as well as satellite imagery were gathered, analyzed, and built into a spatial database using GIS Environment. Nine layers of landslide-conditioning factors were developed, including Aspect, Elevation, Slope, NDVI, Curvature, SPI, TWI, Lithology, and Landcover. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) value were used to estimate the model's efficiency. The area under the curve values for the RF, XGBoost, and KNN models are 0.895 (89.5%), 0.893 (89.3%), and 0.790 (79.0%), respectively. Based on the three machine learning techniques, the innovative outputs show that the performance of the Random Forest model has a maximum AUC value of 0.895, and it is more efficient than the other tree-based classifiers. Elevation and Slope were determined as the most important factors affecting landslides in this research area. The landslide susceptibility maps were classified into four classes: low, moderate, high, and very high susceptibility. The result maps are useful for future generalized construction operations, such as selecting and conserving new urban and infrastructural areas. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-02-02 Full Text: PDF
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Chaurasia, Ashutosh Kumar, Alok Kumar Choubey, and Gayatri Rai. "A spatio-temporal analysis of cropping pattern, crop diversification and production in Tarai region of Uttar Pradesh." National Geographical Journal of India 67, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 371–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.48008/ngji.1784.
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Agriculture remains the most important occupation and source of livelihood for the majority of the population in our country. The study of cropping patterns, diversification and production is important in agricultural development. Cropping pattern is the proportion of area under various crops while crop diversification refers to the raising of various crops. Agricultural productivity is an input-output ratio that facilitates efficient comparison. These concepts are influenced by various geo-climatic, socio-economic and institutional factors. Tarai region is a marshy moist area lying between Himalayan foothills and Gangetic plains. In Uttar Pradesh, the region extends over 7 districts from Pilibhit to Maharajganj. This region is predominantly agrarian. The present paper aims to study the cropping pattern, Spatio-temporal pattern of crop diversification and production of crops at the district level in the Tarai region of Uttar Pradesh for the period of 2007-08 to 2017-18. The study is based on agricultural data collected from Statistical Abstract of Uttar Pradesh. 13 crops under 4 categories are selected in total. The study uses the location quotient technique for calculating crop concentration, the Gibbs-Martin (1962) method for calculating crop diversification and other statistical measures for analysis. It was found that cropped area of the region has decreased in the reference period and the region is dominated by the cultivation of cereal crops and sugarcane. Low crop diversification was recorded in the region due to similar physical conditions and the practice of traditional agriculture. Production and productivity of crops have greatly increased primarily due to the increasing production of sugarcane. It is believed that the present study will help ascertain the ground reality of agriculture in the study region.
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Angnes, Graciele, Maurício Martello, Gustavo Di Chiacchio Faulin, José Paulo Molin, and Thiago Libório Romanelli. "Energy Efficiency of Variable Rate Fertilizer Application in Coffee Production in Brazil." AgriEngineering 3, no. 4 (October 19, 2021): 815–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering3040051.
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Coffee is a crop of great relevance in socioeconomic terms for Brazilian agribusiness, which is the world’s largest producer in cultivated areas. The implementation of precision agriculture in the coffee culture has provided countless benefits to its development, which over the years has been cultivated in the same area. However, there is a lack of studies that address the impact of the application of variable-rates inputs in soil on the energy efficiency and sustainability of these systems. This study aimed to analyze how variable-rate fertilization influences energy efficiency in coffee growing. A production area subjected to variable and fixed rates of fertilizer in alternating rows was evaluated. Geo-referenced yield data was collected to assess yield response for fixed and variable rate applications. The energy assessment was combined with the Geographic Information System (GIS) to determine site-specific energy indicators. To determine the energy flow, only NPK fertilizer applications were considered as inputs and the yield as output. The results obtained indicated that the variable rate fertilizer application has a small difference, indicating greater energy efficiency concerning the applied fertilizer and coffee production per crop season. It was observed in the 06/07 crop, the incorporated energy was 10.7 MJ kg−1 for VR and 10.2 MJ kg−1 for UR and for the 07/08 crop it was 30.7 MJ kg−1 for VR and 34.9 MJ kg−1 for UR. The energy balance was more efficient at variable rates, as it provided fertilizer savings without compromising yield. However, the difference between the embodied energy per mass of coffee produced was very small compared to the fixed rate.
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Oh, Soo Min, Régis Borde, Manuel Carranza, and In-Chul Shin. "Development and Intercomparison Study of an Atmospheric Motion Vector Retrieval Algorithm for GEO-KOMPSAT-2A." Remote Sensing 11, no. 17 (September 1, 2019): 2054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11172054.
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We derived an atmospheric motion vector (AMV) algorithm for the Geostationary Korea Multipurpose Satellite (GEO-KOMPSAT-2A; GK-2A) launched on 4 December 2018, using the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) onboard Himawari-8, which is very similar to the Advanced Meteorological Imager onboard GK-2A. This study clearly describes the main steps in our algorithm and optimizes it for the target box size and height assignment methods by comparing AMVs with numerical weather prediction (NWP) and rawinsonde profiles for July 2016 and January 2017. Target box size sensitivity tests were performed from 8 × 8 to 48 × 48 pixels for three infrared channels and from 16 × 16 to 96 × 96 pixels for one visible channel. The results show that the smaller box increases the speed, whereas the larger one slows the speed without quality control. The best target box sizes were found to be 16 × 16 for CH07, 08, and 13, and 48 × 48 pixels for CH03. Height assignment sensitivity tests were performed for several methods, such as the cross-correlation coefficient (CCC), equivalent blackbody temperature (EBBT), infrared/water vapor (IR/WV) intercept, and CO2 slicing methods for a cloudy target as well as normalized total contribution (NTC) and normalized total cumulative contribution (NTCC) for a clear-air target. For a cloudy target, the CCC method is influenced by the quality of the cloud’s top pressure. Better results were found when using EBBT and IR/WV intercept methods together rather than individually. Furthermore, CO2 slicing had the best statistics. For a clear-air target, the combined use of NTC and NTCC had the best statistics. Additionally, the mean vector difference, root-mean-square (RMS) vector difference, bias, and RMS error (RMSE) between GK-2A AMVs and NWP or rawinsonde were smaller by approximately 18.2% on average than in the case of the Communication, Ocean and Meteorology Satellite (COMS) AMVs. In addition, we verified the similarity between GK-2A and Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) AMVs using the AHI of Himawari-8 from 21 July 2016. This similarity can provide evidence that the GK-2A algorithm works properly because the GK-2A AMV algorithm borrows many methods of the MTG AMV algorithm for geostationary data and inversion layer corrections. The Pearson correlation coefficients in the speed, direction, and height of the prescribed GK-2A and MTG AMVs were larger than 0.97, and the corresponding bias/RMSE were0.07/2.19 m/s, 0.21/14.8°, and 2.61/62.9 hPa, respectively, considering common quality indicator with forecast (CQIF) > 80.
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Zhang, J. Q., S. X. Zhang, R. Zhao, J. Qiao, M. T. Qiu, S. Song, M. J. Chang, et al. "POS0859 DEEP PHENOTYPING OF DERMATOMYOSITIS BASED ON LIPID FERROPTOSIS-RELATED GENES BY MACHINE LEARNING." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 684.1–684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2323.
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Background:Dermatomyositis (DM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with heterogeneous clinical manifestation that raise challenges regarding diagnosis and therapy1. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death that is the nexus between metabolism, redox biology, and rheumatic immune diseases2. However, how ferroptosis maintains the balance of lymphocyte T cells and affect disease activity in DM is unclear.Objectives:To investigate an ferroptosis-related multiple gene expression signature for classification by assessing the global gene expression profile, and calculate the lymphocyte T cells status in the different subsets.Methods:Gene expression profiles of skeletal muscle from DM samples were acquired from GEO database. GSE143323 (30 patients and 20 HCs) was selected as the training set. The GSE3307 contained 21 DM patients and was selected as the validation set. The 60 ferroptosis genes were obtained from previous literature3. The intersection of the global gene and ferroptosis genes was considered the set of significant G-Ferroptosis genes for further analysis. The “NMF” (R-package) was applied as an unsupervised clustering method for sample classification by using G-Ferroptosis genes expression microarray data from the training datasets. An ferroptosis score model was constructed. The performance of the ferroptosis genes-based risk score model constructed by the DM training set was validated in the batch-1 and batch-2 DM sets. Normalized ferroptosis genes training data was used to compare the ssGSEA scores of gene sets between the high risk and low risk group. The statistical software package R (version 4.0.3) was used for all analyses. P value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results:We selected 54 significant G-Ferroptosis genes for further analysis in training set. There were 2 distinct subtypes (high-ferroptosis-score groups and low-ferroptosis-score groups) identified in G-Ferroptosis genes cohort which were also identified in validation datasets (Fig.1A, C, D). Metallothionein 1G (MT1G) was a characteristic gene of low-ferroptosis-score group. The characteristic genes of high-ferroptosis-score group were acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2(ACSF2) and aconitase 1(ACO1) (Fig.1B). Patients in high-ferroptosis-score group had a lower level of Tregs compared with that of low-ferroptosis-score patients in both training and validation set (P <0.05, Fig.1E).Conclusion:The biological process of ferroptosis is associated with the lever of Tregs, suggesting the process of ferroptosis may be involved in the disease progression of DM. Identificating ferroptosis-related features for DM might provide a new idea for clinical treatment.References:[1]DeWane ME, Waldman R, Lu J. Dermatomyositis: Clinical features and pathogenesis. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2020;82(2):267-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.06.1309 [published Online First: 2019/07/08].[2]Liang C, Zhang X, Yang M, et al. Recent Progress in Ferroptosis Inducers for Cancer Therapy. Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla) 2019;31(51):e1904197. doi: 10.1002/adma.201904197 [published Online First: 2019/10/09].[3]Liang JY, Wang DS, Lin HC, et al. A Novel Ferroptosis-related Gene Signature for Overall Survival Prediction in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. International journal of biological sciences 2020;16(13):2430-41. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.45050 [published Online First: 2020/08/08].Acknowledgements:This project was supported by National Science Foundation of China (82001740).Open Fund from the Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University) (KLCP2019) and Innovation Plan for Postgraduate Education in Shanxi Province (2020BY078).Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Shi, J., S. X. Zhang, J. Qiao, S. Song, R. Zhao, P. Zhao, G. Y. Liu, J. Luo, P. F. He, and X. Li. "POS0353 DEEP PHENOTYPING OF PSORIASIS BASED ON LIPID METABOLISM RELATED GENES BY INTEGRATIVE SYSTEMS ANALYSIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 407.1–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2073.
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Background:Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory, genetic disease with numerous concomitant metabolic disorders1. Patients with psoriasis experience substantial morbidity and increased rates of cardiometabolic diseases2. Among the metabolic disorders, lipid disturbances are recognized as a very important part in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and psoriasis-associated cardiometabolic diseases3 4.Objectives:To characterize the molecular features of psoriasis by the development of a classification system that was based on the gene expression profile of lipid metabolism related genes.Methods:We performed molecular subtyping and association analysis of psoriasis from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The training sets includes GSE13355 cohort (N = 58), GSE14905 (N = 28) cohort and GSE30999 cohort (N = 81), while the GSE54456 (N = 92) was selected as the validation set. Energy metabolism-related genes were collected from MSigDB (version 7.0; http://software.broadinstitute.org/gsea/msigdb/). Based on these psoriasis lipid metabolism-related genes, we conducted consensus molecular subtyping with nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). Finally, Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was used to score individual subtypes against the metabolism-related gene sets, and each group got a GSVA index.Results:Total 104 lipid metabolism-related genes were clustered into three subgroups (Figure 1A). GSVA revealed the lipid metabolism with the correlation in subtypes. There was no statistical difference was identified between the subtype 1 and subtype 2(P > 0.05, Figure 1B), so we merged the two types as a new Sub1, another subtype was named as the new Sub2 (Figure 1C). We finally identified 2 distinct subtypes of psoriasis in GEO cohort that were characterized by significantly different lipid metabolic gene score. Sub1 was featured by higher metabolic gene score compared with that of Sub2(P < 0.001; Figure 1D). The lipid metabolic subtype classification was successfully validated in another independent patient cohorts (GSE54456).Conclusion:This study established a new classification based on the gene expression profiles of lipid metabolic genes, thereby furthering the understanding of the pathogenesis and psoriasis-associated diseases.References:[1]Boehncke WH, Schon MP. Psoriasis. Lancet 2015;386(9997):983-94. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61909-7 [published Online First: 2015/05/31].[2]Armstrong AW, Read C. Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Treatment of Psoriasis: A Review. JAMA 2020;323(19):1945-60. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4006 [published Online First: 2020/05/20].[3]Goolam Mahyoodeen N, Crowther NJ, Pillay L, et al. Relationship of Visceral Fat and Adipokines with Cardiometabolic Diseases in Psoriasis. Acta Derm Venereol 2019;99(13):1218-23. doi: 10.2340/00015555-3327 [published Online First: 2019/10/04].[4]Pietrzak A, Michalak-Stoma A, Chodorowska G, et al. Lipid disturbances in psoriasis: an update. Mediators Inflamm 2010;2010 doi: 10.1155/2010/535612 [published Online First: 2010/08/14].Acknowledgements:This project was supported by National Science Foundation of China (82001740), Open Fund from the Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University) (KLCP2019) and Innovation Plan for Postgraduate Education in Shanxi Province (2020BY078).Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Zheng, C., S. X. Zhang, R. Zhao, L. Cheng, T. Kong, X. Sun, S. Feng, et al. "POS0851 IDENTIFICATION OF HUB GENES AND PATHWAYS IN DERMATOMYOSITIS BY BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 680.1–680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2026.
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Background:Dermatomyositis (DM) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory infiltrates in the skin and muscle1. The genes and pathways in the inflamed myopathies in patients with DM are poorly understood2.Objectives:To identify the key genes and pathways associated with DM and further discover its pathogenesis.Methods:Muscle tissue gene expression profile (GSE143323) were acquired from the GEO database, which included 39 DM samples and 20 normal samples. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DM muscle tissue were screened by adopting the R software. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed by Metascape online analysis tool. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was then constructed by STRING software using the genes in significantly different pathways. Network of DEGs was analyzed by Cytoscape software. And degree of nodes was used to screen key genes.Results:Totally, 126 DEGs were obtained, which contained 122 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated. GO analysis revealed that most of the DEGs were significantly enriched in type I interferon signaling pathway, response to interferon-gamma, collagen-containing extracellular matrix, response to interferon-alpha and bacterium, positive regulation of cell death, leukocyte chemotaxis. KEGG pathway analysis showed that upregulated DEGs enhanced pathways associated with the hepatitis C, complement and coagulation cascades, p53 signaling pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling, Osteoclast differentiation, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Ten hub genes were identified in DM, they were ISG15, IRF7, STAT1, MX1, OASL, OAS2, OAS1, OAS3, GBP1, and IRF9 according to the Cytoscape software and cytoHubba plugin.Conclusion:The findings from this bioinformatics network analysis study identified the key hub genes that might provide new molecular markers for its diagnosis and treatment.References:[1]Olazagasti JM, Niewold TB, Reed AM. Immunological biomarkers in dermatomyositis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2015;17(11):68. doi: 10.1007/s11926-015-0543-y [published Online First: 2015/09/26].[2]Chen LY, Cui ZL, Hua FC, et al. Bioinformatics analysis of gene expression profiles of dermatomyositis. Mol Med Rep 2016;14(4):3785-90. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5703 [published Online First: 2016/09/08].[3]Zhou Y, Zhou B, Pache L, et al. Metascape provides a biologist-oriented resource for the analysis of systems-level datasets. Nat Commun 2019;10(1):1523. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09234-6 [published Online First: 2019/04/05].Acknowledgements:This project was supported by National Science Foundation of China (82001740), Open Fund from the Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University) (KLCP2019) and Innovation Plan for Postgraduate Education in Shanxi Province (2020BY078).Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Cheng, L., S. X. Zhang, S. Song, C. Zheng, X. Sun, S. Feng, T. Kong, et al. "POS0458 IDENTIFICATION OF HUB GENES AND MOLECULAR PATHWAYS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS BY BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 460.1–460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1938.
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Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory synovitis based systemic disease of unknown etiology1. The genes and pathways in the inflamed synovium of RA patients are poorly understood.Objectives:This study aims to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the progression of synovitis in RA using bioinformatics analysis and explore its pathogenesis2.Methods:RA expression profile microarray data GSE89408 were acquired from the public gene chip database (GEO), including 152 synovial tissue samples from RA and 28 healthy synovial tissue samples. The DEGs of RA synovial tissues were screened by adopting the R software. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were assembled with Cytoscape software.Results:A total of 654 DEGs (268 up-regulated genes and 386 down-regulated genes) were obtained by the differential analysis. The GO enrichment results showed that the up-regulated genes were significantly enriched in the biological processes of myeloid leukocyte activation, cellular response to interferon-gamma and immune response-regulating signaling pathway, and the down-regulated genes were significantly enriched in the biological processes of extracellular matrix, retinoid metabolic process and regulation of lipid metabolic process. The KEGG annotation showed the up-regulated genes mainly participated in the staphylococcus aureus infection, chemokine signaling pathway, lysosome signaling pathway and the down-regulated genes mainly participated in the PPAR signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction and so on. The 9 hub genes (PTPRC, TLR2, tyrobp, CTSS, CCL2, CCR5, B2M, fcgr1a and PPBP) were obtained based on the String database model by using the Cytoscape software and cytoHubba plugin3.Conclusion:The findings identified the molecular mechanisms and the key hub genes of pathogenesis and progression of RA.References:[1]Xiong Y, Mi BB, Liu MF, et al. Bioinformatics Analysis and Identification of Genes and Molecular Pathways Involved in Synovial Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Med Sci Monit 2019;25:2246-56. doi: 10.12659/MSM.915451 [published Online First: 2019/03/28][2]Mun S, Lee J, Park A, et al. Proteomics Approach for the Discovery of Rheumatoid Arthritis Biomarkers Using Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2019;20(18) doi: 10.3390/ijms20184368 [published Online First: 2019/09/08][3]Zhu N, Hou J, Wu Y, et al. Identification of key genes in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis based on bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018;97(22):e10997. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000010997 [published Online First: 2018/06/01]Acknowledgements:This project was supported by National Science Foundation of China (82001740), Open Fund from the Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University) (KLCP2019) and Innovation Plan for Postgraduate Education in Shanxi Province (2020BY078).Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Zahid, Ayesha, Malik Adnan, and Ayesha Qamar. "Political Content and Television Channels in Pakistan: Investigating the Professional and Sensational Tendencies on Panama Issue." Global Political Review VI, no. I (March 30, 2021): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(vi-i).08.
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This study analyzes the content and Presentation of the Panama issue in Pakistan's two leading TV channels; Geo TV and ARY TV. Through the content analysis technique, it was found that both the channels professionally present the controversy on the Panama issue in terms of camera techniques, music, and other production skills. However, the content was very sensational on both channels. Separately, ARY TV was more sensational both in Presentation and Coverage of the Panama issue than the Geo TV, which was more professional.
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Qiu, M. T., S. X. Zhang, J. Qiao, J. Q. Zhang, S. Song, R. Zhao, M. J. Chang, et al. "POS0109 IDENTIFICATION OF PRIMARY SJOGREN’S SYNDROME SUBTYPES BY MACHINE LEARNING." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 265.2–266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2402.
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Background:Sjogren’s syndrome(pSS) is a chronic, progressive, and systematic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands 1 2. Sicca symptoms and abnormal fatigue are the main clinical presentation, but those symptoms are non-specific to patients, which lead to delayed diagnosis 1 3. The heterogeneous of clinical manifestation raise challenges regarding diagnosis and therapy in pSS, thus it’s necessary for us to sub-classify pSS.Objectives:To explore new biomarkers for diagnosis and subtypes of pSS based on Machine Learning Primary.Methods:All microarray raw datas (CEL files) were screened and downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Meta-analysis to identify the consistent DEGs by MetaOmics. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to the modules related to SS for further analysis. Subclasses were computed using a consensus Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) clustering method. Immune cell infiltration was used to evaluate the expression of immune cells and obtain various immune cell proportions from samples. P value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. All the analyses were conducted under R environment (version 4.03).Results:A total of 3715 consistent DEGs were identified from the four datasets, including 1748 up-regulated and 1967 down-regulated genes. Tour meaningful modules, including yellow, turquoise, grey60 and bule, were identified (Figure 1A,1B). And 183 overlapping gene were screened from the DEGs and the Hub genes in the four modles for further analysis. We final divided pSS patients into three subtypes, of which yellow and turquoise in Sub1, grey60 in Sub2 and blue in Sub3. Sub1 and Sub3 were related to cell metabolism, while Sub2 had connection with virus infection (Figure 1C,1D). Infiltrated immune cells were also different among these three types (Figure 1E,1F).Conclusion:Patients with pSS could be classified into 3 subtypes, this classification might help for assessing prognosis and guiding precise treatment.References:[1]Ramos-Casals M, Brito-Zerón P, Sisó-Almirall A, et al. Primary Sjogren syndrome. BMJ (Clinical research ed) 2012;344:e3821. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e3821 [published Online First: 2012/06/16].[2]Brito-Zeron P, Baldini C, Bootsma H, et al. Sjogren syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2016;2:16047. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.47 [published Online First: 2016/07/08].[3]Segal B, Bowman SJ, Fox PC, et al. Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: health experiences and predictors of health quality among patients in the United States. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2009;7:46. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-7-46 [published Online First: 2009/05/29].Acknowledgements:This project was supported by National Science Foundation of China (82001740), Open Fund from the Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University) (KLCP2019) and Innovation Plan for Postgraduate Education in Shanxi Province (2020BY078).Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Zhang, Yuanxing, Zhuqi Li, Kaigui Bian, Yichong Bai, Zhi Yang, and Xiaoming Li. "Modeling geo-homopholy in online social networks for population distribution projection." International Journal of Crowd Science 1, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 249–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcs-08-2017-0008.
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Purpose Projecting the population distribution in geographical regions is important for many applications such as launching marketing campaigns or enhancing the public safety in certain densely populated areas. Conventional studies require the collection of people’s trajectory data through offline means, which is limited in terms of cost and data availability. The wide use of online social network (OSN) apps over smartphones has provided the opportunities of devising a lightweight approach of conducting the study using the online data of smartphone apps. This paper aims to reveal the relationship between the online social networks and the offline communities, as well as to project the population distribution by modeling geo-homophily in the online social networks. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors propose the concept of geo-homophily in OSNs to determine how much the data of an OSN can help project the population distribution in a given division of geographical regions. Specifically, the authors establish a three-layered theoretic framework that first maps the online message diffusion among friends in the OSN to the offline population distribution over a given division of regions via a Dirichlet process and then projects the floating population across the regions. Findings By experiments over large-scale OSN data sets, the authors show that the proposed prediction models have a high prediction accuracy in characterizing the process of how the population distribution forms and how the floating population changes over time. Originality/value This paper tries to project population distribution by modeling geo-homophily in OSNs.
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Косьянчук, Нина. "ВЛИЯНИЕ ОТХОДОВ ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВА НА ОКРУЖАЮЩУЮ СРЕДУ." Modern engineering and innovative technologies, no. 08-02 (June 29, 2018): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30890/2567-5273.2019-08-02-008.
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Livestock facilities pose an environmental threat to the environment, mainly due to the need to recycle waste, that if poorly managed, can get into the geo -, hydro - and air environment. To solve environmental problems, it is necessary to introduce low-w
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Feng, S., S. X. Zhang, R. Zhao, C. Zheng, L. Cheng, T. Kong, X. Sun, et al. "POS0848 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL CRUCIAL GENES AND KEY PATHWAYS IN PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS BY BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 678.1–678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1947.
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Background:Pulmonary arterial hypertension with systemic sclerosis (SSc-PAH) is the main cause of death in patients with SSc. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are very important to reduce the mortality of patients with SSc-PAH1. At present, there are not many sensitive markers for the diagnosis of SSc-PAH. Therefore, it is necessary to mine more sensitive markers as more accurate and practical predictors, which is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of SSc-PAH.Objectives:To discover the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and activated signaling pathways in SSc-PAH.Methods:Fifty-five samples (27 SSc-PAH v.s 28 normal controls) in GSE33463 chip data obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were included in this study. DEGs in SSc-PAH patients were screened by R, key pathways and hub genes were discoved by Metascape2, STRING3 and Cytoscape.Results:Total 431 genes with large differences were identified, including 238 up-regulated genes and 193 down-regulated genes, after standardizing the data (|logFC| > 1; P < 0.05). GO analysis showed that the upregulated genes were mainly involved in defense response to virus, hemoglobin complex, platelet alpha granule membrane and cytokine binding. The downregulated genes were mainly characterized by positive regulation of cell death, regulation of MAPK cascade, regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity and transcription factor AP-1 complex. Several significant enriched pathways obtained in the KEGG pathway analysis were Influenza A, Hepatitis C, IL-17 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Finally, after the selected differential genes were introduced into STRING online software, the data information of protein interaction network was derived, and 12 core genes in the network were identified, they were CXCL8, PPBP, LPAR1, FPR2, GNG11, CXCL10, LPAR5, JUN, C3AR1, CCR2, CCR3, IRF2.Conclusion:The genes and signal pathways related to SSc-PAH discovered by bioinformatics methods could not only provided new molecular markers for its diagnosis and treatment, but also provided new ideas for its related biological research.References:[1]Zheng JN, Li Y, Yan YM, et al. Identification and Validation of Key Genes Associated With Systemic Sclerosis-Related Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Genet 2020;11:816. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00816 [published Online First: 2020/08/15].[2]Zhou Y, Zhou B, Pache L, et al. Metascape provides a biologist-oriented resource for the analysis of systems-level datasets. Nat Commun 2019;10(1):1523. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09234-6 [published Online First: 2019/04/05].[3]Szklarczyk D, Gable AL, Lyon D, et al. STRING v11: protein-protein association networks with increased coverage, supporting functional discovery in genome-wide experimental datasets. Nucleic Acids Res 2019;47(D1):D607-D13. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky1131 [published Online First: 2018/11/27].Acknowledgements:This project was supported by National Science Foundation of China (82001740), Open Fund from the Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University) (KLCP2019) and Innovation Plan for Postgraduate Education in Shanxi Province (2020BY078).Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Manders, R., A. Pijpe, F. van Leeuwen, and M. Rookus. "Body weight and the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1/2 families – the GEO-HEBON study." European Journal of Cancer Supplements 6, no. 7 (April 2008): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6349(08)70419-1.
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Alam, Mohammad, Riaz Ahmad, and Moldalieva Nargiza. "Pakistan - CPEC and Tourism Vinculum: A Corridor of Tourism Opportunities in Pakistan." Global Sociological Review V, no. III (September 30, 2020): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2020(v-iii).08.
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Geographical primacy plays a vital role in countrie's strategic position, creating economic benefits and influencing and shaping the region's dynamics. Pakistan's geo-strategic location is significant in South Asia, surrounded by large countries, waterways, countries, and essential oil reserves that have been blessed geographically. The key segments of OBOR initiated in Pakistan, known as CPEC. CPEC has provided Pakistan with the top-notch possibility to show its strong and diverse socio-cultural values. The tourism industry is significant to make a distinction in the lives of thousands of human beings. Tourism increases awareness, understanding, lowering poverty, creating jobs, and fostering improvement and tolerance. The new dimensions are arising from the route developing between Pakistan and China. Transport is an essential segment of the product; good routes increase comfortability and connectivity and reduce price and time between destinations.
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Garg, Muskan, and Mukesh Kumar. "Review on event detection techniques in social multimedia." Online Information Review 40, no. 3 (June 13, 2016): 347–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-08-2015-0281.
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Purpose – Social Media is one of the largest platforms to voluntarily communicate thoughts. With increase in multimedia data on social networking websites, information about human behaviour is increasing. This user-generated data are present on the internet in different modalities including text, images, audio, video, gesture, etc. The purpose of this paper is to consider multiple variables for event detection and analysis including weather data, temporal data, geo-location data, traffic data, weekday’s data, etc. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, evolution of different approaches have been studied and explored for multivariate event analysis of uncertain social media data. Findings – Based on burst of outbreak information from social media including natural disasters, contagious disease spread, etc. can be controlled. This can be path breaking input for instant emergency management resources. This has received much attention from academic researchers and practitioners to study the latent patterns for event detection from social media signals. Originality/value – This paper provides useful insights into existing methodologies and recommendations for future attempts in this area of research. An overview of architecture of event analysis and statistical approaches are used to determine the events in social media which need attention.
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Ilyin, L., O. Hromyk, O. Ilyina, and M. Zinchuk. "Radioecological Analysis of the Contamination Area in the Volyn Region of Ukraine." Nuclear and Radiation Safety, no. 1(85) (March 13, 2020): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2020.1(85).08.
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Lack of scientific knowledge on the patterns of formation of soil and plant complexes, including the concentration of contaminants in them (especially radionuclides and heavy metals) leads to serious errors in the selection of objects and sites of management, negative environmental consequences. The peculiarities of the propagation of Сs-137, Sr-90 radionuclides and heavy metals in soil and plants within the area of radioactive contamination of the Volyn region are analyzed. The maximum concentration of Сs-137, Sr-90 content was determined. Exceeding of the permissible levels of heavy metals content in crop production is revealed.
Generalization of the actual material on the content of radionuclides and heavy metals of different types of soils, agricultural plants in different natural conditions is a necessary condition for clarifying the patterns of formation, their influence on the geo-ecological state; this makes it possible to raise the state of their study to a new theoretical level, to carry out radiation monitoring and to provide radiation protection the for local population. Taking into account the similarity of physical and geographical conditions and existing soil and plant complexes, the typicality for the territory of Ukrainian Polissya, the complexity of analytical data can be considered to be representative for the area of coniferous-deciduous forests of the Eastern European plain. These data are necessary for estimating the present state and forecasting the future states of pollution, for extrapolating them in space and time.
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Boasson, Vigdis, and Emil Boasson. "Firm value, spatial knowledge flow, and innovation: evidence from patent citations." China Finance Review International 5, no. 2 (May 18, 2015): 132–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cfri-08-2014-0056.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of geographic location of research-intensive firms in the ability to generate new research and products, which consequently affects firm value. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conduct the empirical study following a three-step process. First, if pharmaceutical firms are more likely to cite the patents of other firms and other innovators that are nearby, as opposed to firms and other innovators that are far away, then location (i.e. close proximity) is likely important when it comes to the ability to learn and to use the knowledge being generated by other innovators. The authors employ a “geographic information systems” (GIS) and geo-code each pair of citing and cited patents. In addition, the authors utilize spatial statistics such as Moran’s I to analyze the spatial clustering pattern of patent citations and knowledge flows. Next, the authors measure the pharmaceutical companies’ ability to generate useful patents as a function of the amount of innovation and industrial activity that is occurring close to them. Finally, the authors test whether a firm’s location relates to its firm value. Specifically, the authors model firm value as a function of its patents quality, but the authors also allow the firm’s patents quality to be a function of its location and locational attributes. In this way, the authors establish a link between location and firm value. Using a simultaneous system of equations, the authors find that location explains patent quality, which, in turn, explains firm value. In other words, there is a positive relationship between firm value, innovation and location. Findings – In empirical tests using pharmaceutical firms and their patents, the authors first find that firms more often cite patents of other firms that are geographically closer to them than those firms that are farther away. The authors then find that a patent’s quality is a function of the firm’s near proximity to other knowledge-intensive institutions and activities. Finally, the authors find that because patent quality is a function of a firm’s geographic location, location consequently affects firm value. Research limitations/implications – For knowledge-intensive firms, geographic location matters. More specifically, the authors contend that research-intensive firms are better able to use and to expand on existing knowledge when they are closer to other research-intensive enterprises. The implication is that firm value maximization involves a location factor. Practical implications – The practical implication for investors is that investors should invest in those firms that are situated in a location that is rich in geographic innovation resources because those firms are more likely to generate more and higher quality patents or innovations. Originality/value – The study is the first to establish the linkage among spatial knowledge diffusion, geographic drivers of innovation, and market valuation of the firm. The study is unique in that the authors not only present evidence on spatial knowledge flows by geo-coding the exact longitude and latitude location coordinates of citing and cited patens, but more importantly, the authors also identify geographic drivers of innovation, and examine their impacts on citation-weighted patent counts and knowledge stock. Finally, using a series of simultaneous equations, the authors show how geographic innovation resources positively affect citation-weighted patent stock and knowledge stock and consequently affect market value of the firm. Thus, the novel approach contributes not only to the literature that measures geographic localization of knowledge flow using patent citations, but also to the literature that examines the impact of geographic sources of innovations on patent outputs and patent quality and, thus on firm value for research-intensive firms.
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Zhang, H., and S. Chang. "Oral Contraceptives and Breast Cancer Risk in the International BRCA1/2 Carrier Cohort Study: A Report From EMBRACE, GENESPO, GEO-HEBON, and the IBCCS Collaborating Group." Breast Diseases: A Year Book Quarterly 19, no. 2 (July 2008): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1043-321x(08)80080-x.
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Freudenberg, R., M. Andreeff, J. Kotzerke, and H. Hartmann. "Radioaktivität mit dem Smartphone messen." Nuklearmedizin 52, no. 02 (2013): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3413/nukmed-0526-12-08.
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SummaryThe interest in the detection of radioactive materials has strongly increased after the accident in the nuclear power plant Fukushima and has led to a bottleneck of suitable measuring instruments. Smartphones equipped with a commercially available software tool could be used for dose rate measurements following a calibration according to the specific camera module. Aim: We examined whether such measurements provide reliable data for typical activities and radionuclides in nuclear medicine. Methods: For the nuclides 99mTc (10 – 1000 MBq), 131I (3.7 – 1800 MBq, therapy capsule) and 68Ga (50 – 600 MBq) radioactivity with defined geo metry in different distances was measured. The smartphones Milestone Droid 1 (Motorola) and HTC Desire (HTC Corporation) were compared with the standard instruments AD6 (automess) and DoseGUARD (AEA Technology). Results: Measurements with the smartphones and the other devices show a good agreement: linear signal increase with rising activity and dose rate. The long time measurement (131I, 729 MBq, 0.5 m, 60 min) demonstrates a considerably higher variation (by 20%) of the measured smartphone data values compared with the AD6. For low dose rates (< 1 μGy/h), the sensitivity decreases so that measurements of e. g. the natural radiation exposure do not lead to valid results. The calibration of the camera responsivity for the smartphone has a big influence on the results caused by the small detector surface of the camera semiconductor. Conclusions: With commercial software the camera module of a smartphone can be used for the measurement of radioactivity. Dose rates resulting from typical nuclear medicine procedures can be measured reliably (e. g., dismissal dose after radioiodine therapy). The signal shows a high correlation to measured values of conventional dose measurement devices.
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Zhu, Jie, Jing Yang, Shaoning Di, Jiazhu Zheng, and Leying Zhang. "A novel dual-domain clustering algorithm for inhomogeneous spatial point event." Data Technologies and Applications 54, no. 5 (October 28, 2020): 603–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dta-08-2019-0142.
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PurposeThe spatial and non-spatial attributes are the two important characteristics of a spatial point, which belong to the two different attribute domains in many Geographic Information Systems applications. The dual clustering algorithms take into account both spatial and non-spatial attributes, where a cluster has not only high proximity in spatial domain but also high similarity in non-spatial domain. In a geographical dataset, traditional dual spatial clustering algorithms discover homogeneous spatially adjacent clusters suffering from the between-cluster inhomogeneity where those spatial points are described in non-spatial domain. To overcome this limitation, a novel dual-domain clustering algorithm (DDCA) is proposed by considering both spatial proximity and attribute similarity with the presence of inhomogeneity.Design/methodology/approachIn this algorithm, Delaunay triangulation with edge length constraints is first employed to construct spatial proximity relationships amongst objects. Then, a clustering strategy based on statistical change detection is designed to obtain clusters with similar attributes.FindingsThe effectiveness and practicability of the proposed algorithm are illustrated by experiments on both simulated datasets and real spatial events. It is found that the proposed algorithm can adaptively and accurately detect clusters with spatial proximity and similar non-spatial attributes under the consideration of inhomogeneity.Originality/valueTraditional dual spatial clustering algorithms discover homogeneous spatially adjacent clusters suffering from the between-cluster inhomogeneity where those spatial points are described in non-spatial domain. The research here is a contribution to developing a dual spatial clustering method considering both spatial proximity and attribute similarity with the presence of inhomogeneity. The detection of these clusters is useful to understand the local patterns of geographical phenomena, such as land use classification, spatial patterns research and big geo-data analysis.
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Nikeshina, Tatiana Vasilyevna, Alexandra Alekseevna Kiseleva, Adela Rastyamovna Kurbangalieva, Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Sivtsova, Rudolf Sergeevich Arakelyan, Elena Ivanovna Okunskaya, and Sofya Ivanovna Monina. "Clinical and epidemiological aspects of enterobiosis in preschoolers." Sanitarnyj vrač (Sanitary Doctor), no. 4 (March 29, 2022): 268–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2204-03.
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The aim of the study is to analyze the clinical and epidemiological aspects of enterobiosis in preschool children. Materials and methods. The material for the study was the data of outpatient records of 164 patients with laboratory-confirmed enterobiosis aged 9 months to 17 years. Results. Of the 164 children who sought medical help, more than half — 54.9 % — were children of preschool age. The majority of children — 86.7 % were from organized collectives (nurseries, kindergartens). The reasons for the examination of children were diverse. More than half of cases of enetrobiosis (55.4 %) were detected in children according to the results of preventive examinations in children's institutions. Another part of the children — 43.4 % — sought medical help due to the presence of clinical symptoms and complaints. And only in a single case — 1.2 % — the child was examined as a contact with a sick family member. When collecting an epidemiological history, it was found that 58 % had geophagia (eating the earth), 30.1 % had onychophagia (the habit of biting nails). 7.2 % of the surveyed children and their parents indicated non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene (the habit of not washing their hands before eating). 12 % of children had contact with pets (cats and dogs), including 4.8 % with dogs and 1.2 % with cats. Clinical manifestations of the disease, as a rule, occurred in children who sought medical help (50.1 %), and were not detected as a result of a preventive examination. All patients with enetrobiosis received therapy with albendazole and pyrantel in accordance with the instructions for these drugs. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, a wide prevalence of enetrobiosis was revealed among preschool children attending organized collectives. The main risk factors are bad habits, such as geo- and onychophagy, as well as lack of hand washing skills before eating. The most effective measures for the prevention of this parasitosis are timely periodic preventive examinations and hygienic training of preschool children.
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Mihalic, Tanja, and Julio Aramberri. "Myths of top tourism countries, tourism contribution and competitiveness." Tourism Review 70, no. 4 (November 16, 2015): 276–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-08-2014-0048.
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Purpose – This paper aims to deal with the myths of tourism in regard to the tourism available data and their mythical interpretation in relation to top tourism countries, tourism economic contribution and competitiveness and to argue that there is yet no such thing as globalisation of tourism demand. For many decades, tourism researchers have tried to present the true tourism situation, yet – seduced by the available tourism data and rankings – they might have failed to produce the accurate or generally true description. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses a transformative research approach which aims to break existing scientific paradigms in the field of tourism knowledge. Thus, this paper challenges the ever going elaboration of established tourism meanings by asking whether tourism understanding of its development, rankings and competitiveness is justified under the present circumstances. Findings – The paper presented some existing anomalies in the understanding of tourism global system which are based on existing data, methodologies, geo-political structure of sovereign states and tourism research values. This implies a limited applicability of current tourism understandings to a universal level. Research limitations/implications – For the time being, the discussion on accuracy of the authors’ tourism knowledge remains under the notion of “tourism myths” and the doors for more research on what new approaches, values and methodologies would enable tourism researchers to obtain the accurate tourism rankings, remain wide open. Practical implications – This paper can mobilise for improvements in data gathering, accessibility, interpretation and methodology to improve tourism policy, planning and management. In this regard, the paper mobilises for “cosmopolitan responsibility” for tourism surveys and understandings which will provide tourism researchers with a value system that meets the globalised tourism development. Social implications – This paper shows the possible impact on tourism knowledge, new tourism paradigms and then on tourism policy and management. Originality/value – This paper’s originality is in opening up new approaches to understanding what tourism researchers a while ago would never have considered relevant.
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Attu, Rose, and Melissa Terras. "What people study when they study Tumblr." Journal of Documentation 73, no. 3 (May 8, 2017): 528–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-08-2016-0101.
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Purpose Since its launch in 2007, research has been carried out on the popular social networking website Tumblr. The purpose of this paper is to identify published Tumblr-based research, classify it to understand approaches and methods, and provide methodological recommendations for others. Design/methodology/approach Research regarding Tumblr was identified. Following a review of the literature, a classification scheme was adapted and applied, to understand research focus. Papers were quantitatively classified using open coded content analysis of method, subject, approach, and topic. Findings The majority of published work relating to Tumblr concentrates on conceptual issues, followed by aspects of the messages sent. This has evolved over time. Perceived benefits are the platform’s long-form text posts, ability to track tags, and the multimodal nature of the platform. Severe research limitations are caused by the lack of demographic, geo-spatial, and temporal metadata attached to individual posts, the limited Advanced Programming Interface, restricted access to data, and the large amounts of ephemeral posts on the site. Research limitations/implications This study focusses on Tumblr: the applicability of the approach to other media is not considered. The authors focus on published research and conference papers: there will be book content which was not found using the method. Tumblr as a platform has falling user numbers which may be of concern to researchers. Practical implications The authors identify practical barriers to research on the Tumblr platform including lack of metadata and access to big data, explaining why Tumblr is not as popular as Twitter in academic studies. Social implications This paper highlights the breadth of topics covered by social media researchers, which allows us to understand popular online platforms. Originality/value There has not yet been an overarching study to look at the methods and purpose of those who study Tumblr. The authors identify Tumblr-related research papers from the first appearing in 2011 July until 2015 July. The classification derived here provides a framework that can be used to analyse social media research, and in which to position Tumblr-related work, with recommendations on benefits and limitations of the platform for researchers.
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Tsvetkov, Valeriy A., Kobilzhon Kh Zoidov, and Alexey A. Medkov. "FORMATION AND EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE AND INDUSTRIAL BELTS OF TRADE ROUTES IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC IN ORDER TO ENSURE INCLUSIVE GROWTH." Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law, no. 4-5 (2021): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/2076-4650-2021-4-5-08.
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The research is aimed at studying and analyzing the formation and evolutionary development of innovative industrial belts of trade routes in the Russian Arctic in order to ensure inclusive growth. Goal. To determine the main directions of development of innovative and industrial belts of trade routes in the Russian Arctic as locomotives of the transition from the raw material to the high-tech structure of the national economy by using existing developments and competitive advantages in the field of spatial development of the regions of the Far North, the creation and functioning of polar communications. Tasks. To determine the main directions of the evolutionary development of innovative and industrial belts of trade routes in the Russian Arctic, to identify the problems and prospects of transport and logistics innovations in the Russian Arctic. Methodology. The research uses methods of world system analysis, evolutionary and institutional theory, the theory of production and technological balance and technical and economic patterns, expert and analytical assessments. Results. It is determined that the basis for the diversification of the national economy and increasing its technological level is the formation of innovative and industrial belts of trade routes of the Arctic region in all possible directions. The formation, functioning and development of trade routes in the XXI century has become one of the key directions of global anti-crisis policy, changes in the geo-economic configuration of the world economy, a source of income, a sphere of application of investment and credit resources, an infrastructure and integration basis for the implementation of major geopolitical projects. The problems and prospects of transport and logistics innovations in the Russian Arctic are revealed. Conclusions. The creation and effective functioning in the Arctic region of Russia of trade routes of the XXI century and their innovative and industrial belts should occur through the construction and efficient operation of global year-round land transport communications. First of all, we are talking about the development, implementation and scaling of open magnetic levitation transportation technologies, characterized by high-tech, maximum use of domestic developments, sparsely populated, a wide field for automation, robotization and digitalization, compliance with the requirements of the Sixth techno-economic order.
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Dethridge, Lisa, and Brian Quinn. "Realtime emergency communication in virtual worlds." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 7, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-08-2013-0032.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine how media play a role in community responses to disaster. The authors explore how communication technology may allow new relationships between community groups and emergency agencies. The authors examine the context within which warnings and risk communication are interpreted by media services. The authors observe how, in an emergency context, the thinking about media may change from that of a linear framework of information provision to one of shared resources. Design/methodology/approach The authors focus on Second Life, a shared, online space which uses 3D graphic images to simulate a virtual environment. Second Life is posited as a media tool with clear advantages for the training of emergency services professionals and citizens in the community. The authors observe emergency training scenarios and advantages for training for critical thinking and decision-making. Findings The authors observe then how virtual worlds such as Second Life provide an online forum in which participants can interact, communicate and simulate action in a complex 3D graphic environment. Second Life may be a useful medium for simulating and testing geo-physical and social manoeuvres using the modeling tools. This may allow for collaborative decision-making in simulations which can prepare or rehearse people for emergency conditions. It may be useful in an emergency with information streamed and coordinated at a single online site. A shared network like Second Life may be shared by many people co-synchronously or a-synchronously, despite their geographic distance. Second Life applications may also be useful in the aftermath of emergencies for design and rebuilding, for analytical and educational purposes. Research limitations/implications It is clear that social networks like Second Life provide a valuable tool with which to learn about and share data and information about bushfires, community emergencies and safety precautions in a social setting. It can also provide, at the local level, a forum for community information and discussion, as well as for counselling and reconstruction in the aftermath. Practical implications The authors suggest that the range and flexibility of tools and their excellent geographic visualization and social networking functions may in future allow for learning and decision-making among diverse and disparate groups who can come together in virtual space. It is especially useful in remote communities as a means of uniting people who are otherwise isolated by distance or trapped in emergency situations. Second Life is useful for sharing information, organizational and local knowledge about disaster and mitigation management. This media-rich platform is valuable to a community that is increasingly adept with shared, 3D graphic computer interfaces. Social implications Applications like Second Life may provide a space where users can access a range of tools as a means of informing, educating, empowering and warning participants in emergency scenarios, both real and simulated. They are more than virtual spaces; they are also social spaces. A platform like Second Life may provide a virtual solution for such communication challenges especially where communities are too remote, too dispersed or even too many in number to be easily accessible in the field. Originality/value This paper contains new and significant information about emerging communication systems and platforms that may be of use to those researching and planning around disaster management, mitigation and resilience. It addresses the use of new techniques which are the result of innovation in technology, software design and network design. It applies a discussion of these techniques to several hypothetical and real-life scenarios to explore the potential for virtual tools as a way of providing enriched information, mapping and communication tools across a range of disaster response scenarios.
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Biswas, C., P. Dey, A. Bera, M. Kumar, and S. Satpathy. "First Report of a 16SrV-C Phytoplasma Causing Little Leaf and Bunchy Top of Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius) in India." Plant Disease 98, no. 4 (April 2014): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-13-0826-pdn.
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Jute is the most important phloem fiber crop of the world, and is mainly grown in the South East Asian countries of India, Bangladesh, Nepal, China, Indonesia, Thailand, and Myanmar, and few South American countries. The fiber is used in making sacks, ropes, bags, carpets, shoes, geo-textiles, and home decorations. There are two kinds of jute: tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) and white jute (C. capsularis). In June 2012, symptoms suggestive of phytoplasma infection (little leaf and bunchy top) were noticed on tossa jute in different experimental fields of the CRIJAF research farm, Barrackpore, India, and the incidence of the disease varied from 5 to 20%. The infected plants showed profuse lateral branching with a bushy appearance. In many plants, branching at the apical portion developed a bunchy top symptom with tufts of smaller leaves. Leafy stem was also common in many plants with main stems covered with numerous little leaves. Total DNA was extracted from leaf midveins of 15 symptomatic and 5 asymptomatic plants by using an improved salt concentration and simple sodium acetate CTAB method (1). PCR was carried out with universal P1/P7 primer set followed by nested primer pair R16F2n/R16R2 (3), resulting in DNA amplicons that were 1.8 kb and 1.2 kb, respectively, in all symptomatic samples tested. Phytoplasma was not detected in symptomless samples. The five purified nested products were cloned in a pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega) and sequenced. One of the sequences that proved to be identical was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. KF501045). The consensus sequence was analyzed by NCBI BLAST and found to share 99% similarity with the 16Sr DNA sequence of the alder yellows phytoplasma reference strain (GenBank Accession No. AY028789), which belongs to the 16SrV group. The phylogenetic tree based on the 16SrDNA sequence of phytoplasmas belonging to group 16SrV and other distinct phytoplasma groups also showed that the phytoplasma clustered with members of subgroup 16SrV (4). Subsequently, in silico RFLP analysis of the nested PCR product with the pDRAW32 program using AluI and TruI restriction site used for 16SrV subgroups A, B, C, D, and E indicated that the 16SrV Corchorus strain belonged to subgroup C. RFLP patterns from all symptomatic C. olitorius samples were identical to the 16SrV-C pattern (2). The vector species transmitting the concerned phytoplasma in C. olitorius still needs to be identified. The leaf hopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula, may be a potential vector as it is often noticed in jute fields. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of 16SrV-C phytoplasma associated with tossa jute (C. olitorius) in India. Initiative has to be taken to manage this disease; otherwise, branching of the main stems would badly affect the fiber quality as well as yield. References: (1) C. Biswas et al. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 56:105, 2012. (2) B. Duduk et al. J. Phytopathology 152:575, 2004. (3) I. M. Lee et al. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54:337, 2004. (4) N. Saitou and M. Nei. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4:406, 1987.
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Andrade, Luiz Claudio Oliveira de, Philipe Borba, and Maurício Carvalho Mathias de Paulo. "AGREGAÇÃO HIERÁRQUICA DE GEO-OBJETOS: UMA ABORDAGEM BASEADA EM SOFTWARE LIVRE." Revista Brasileira de Cartografia 68, no. 8 (October 16, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/rbcv68n8-44377.
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A utilização da Especificação Técnica para Estruturação de Dados Geoespaciais Vetoriais (ET-EDGV) já é uma realidade para todos os órgãos produtores de Dados Cartográficos no Brasil. O Decreto 6.666/08 institui a Infraestrutura Nacional de Dados Geoespaciais (INDE) e determina que todos os órgãos e entidades do Poder Executivo Federal devem seguir as normas e padrões homologados pela INDE. Neste sentido, a Diretoria de Serviço Geográfico do Exército Brasileiro (DSG) desenvolveu uma solução baseada em software livre para prover, de forma interoperável, a criação, edição e remoção de agregações hierárquicas de geo-objetos. Tais agregações são chamadas de Elementos Complexos. Os Elementos Complexos estendem a noção de feição geográfica, permitindo uma agregação semântica de geo-objetos com diferentes primitivas geométricas. Neste trabalho é mostrada a solução desenvolvida para o software livre QGIS utilizando o PostGIS e o Spatialite como bancos de dados.
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Hoon Leh, Oliver Ling, Siti Nazurah Salehudin, Marlyana Azyyati Marzukhi, and Qi Jie Kwong. "The quality of life among visitors of recreational parks: A case study of Recreational Parks in Temerloh Town, Pahang, Malaysia." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 17, no. 1 (February 27, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2021-1701-08.
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Boon Dar, Ku, and Azlizan Mat Enh. "Tay Son Uprising, 1771-1802: Reassessing Viet Nam's relations with the Malay Archipelago." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 18, no. 2 (May 31, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2022-1802-08.
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Amzah, Nursuhaila, Nuriah Abd Majid, Siti Norsakinah Selamat, Sharifah Zarina Syed Zakaria, Muhammad Rizal Razman, and Minhaz Farid Ahmed. "Persepsi masyarakat bandar mengenai vaksin Covid-19 di daerah Melaka Tengah, Malaysia." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 18, no. 3 (August 31, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2022-1803-08.
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Ramli, Suriana, and Rosmadi Fauzi. "Sokongan politik terhadap Barisan Nasional pra-PRU14 di Felda Chiku, Gua Musang: Analisis spatial berasaskan sistem maklumat geografi." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 17, no. 4 (November 30, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2021-1704-08.
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Ali, Abid, Azizullah Jan, Ihsan Ullah Khan, Alam Zeb, and Mansoor Ahmad. "Role of parental socioeconomic status on their children’s education at District Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 17, no. 2 (May 29, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2021-1702-08.
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Mahat, Hanifah, Nasir Nayan, Yazid Saleh, Mohmadisa Hashim, and Saiyidatina Balkhis Norkhaidi. "Kompetensi profesionalisme guru geografi di Malaysia." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 17, no. 3 (August 27, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2021-1703-08.
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Jamion, Nurul’ Ain, Khai Ern Lee, Mazlin Mokhtar, Thian Lai Goh, and Norbert Simon. "Evaluation of the content validity of the intrinsic-instrumental assessment tool for assessing the nature values of constructed wetlands." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 18, no. 1 (February 28, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2022-1801-08.
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Mohamed, Nur Fadillah, and Doris Padmini Selvaratnam. "Amalan kesihatan wanita orang Asli Temuan di Kampung Kachau Luar, Semenyih, Selangor." Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 14, no. 4 (November 22, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/geo-2018-1404-08.
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