Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Genus Canis'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 20 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Genus Canis.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Riegert, Stefanie. "Anatomische und biomechanische Untersuchungen am Kniegelenk (Articulatio genus) des Hundes (Canis familiaris)." Diss., lmu, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-26378.
Full textBerggren, Bremdal Karin. "Evolution of MHC Genes and MHC Gene Expression." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Evolutionsbiologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-122011.
Full textFrolovienė, Jurga. "Šunų babeziozės sukėlėjo Babesia canis 18S rRNR geno sekų palyginamoji analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140611_143551-28885.
Full textCanine babesiosis is a disease, quickly spreading worldwide, which is caused by the protozoa belonging to the genus Babesia. The disease agents are transmitted by ticks of the genera Dermocentor, Rhipicephalus, and Haemaphysalis. Dermacentor reticulatus ticks, which are widely spread in Lithuania, are the main vectors of Babesia canis. B. canis infects red blood cells (erythrocytes) and destroys them. Every year the morbidity of Babesia canis is intensely growing in the whole of Europe and Lithuania. The aim of thesis was to evaluate the canine infection with Babesia canis pathogens and identify species and subspecies of Babesia canis, using molecular methods of analysis and phylogenetic sequence. The research focused on 20 dogs infected with Babesia canis (in accordance with the clinical expression characteristic of babesiosis); the blood samples were collected in the veterinary clinics in the Kaunas region. Applying the molecular PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) method, 17 of the samples were identified as cases of Babesia canis canis. On the basis of the contrastive gene sequencing analysis of Babesia canis canis 18S rRNR and the data of Gen Bank it was determined that in Lithuania the sequential sequences of infected dogs were identical and by 91-100 percent resembled the sequences identified in infected dogs and D. reticulatus ticks in other European countries. The identified sequences belonged to one of the genotypes which is widely spread in Europe and is... [to full text]
Niskanen, A. (Alina). "Selection and genetic diversity in the major histocompatibility complex genes of wolves and dogs." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526205960.
Full textTiivistelmä Isäntä ja taudinaiheuttajat käyvät jatkuvaa kaksinkamppailua, jossa taudinaiheuttajat hyökkäävät ja isäntä puolustautuu. Kamppailussa menestymiseen tarvitaan geneettistä monimuotoisuutta sekä sen pohjalta toimivaa luonnonvalintaa. Pienissä populaatioissa luonnonvalinnan teho voi kuitenkin heikentyä, jolloin immuunipuolustukseen osallistuvat geenit eivät kykene sopeutumaan uusiin tai muuttuneisiin taudinaiheuttajiin. MHC-alueella (major histocompatibility complex) sijaitsee suuri joukko monimuotoisia immuunipuolustukseen osallistuvia geenejä. Väitöskirjassani tutkin luokan II MHC-geeneihin kohdistuvaa luonnonvalintaa ja niiden geneettistä monimuotoisuutta koirilla ja Suomen susilla. Arvioin myös koiran kesyttämisprosessiin osallistuneiden susien määrää nykykoiran MHC-monimuotoisuuden pohjalta. Suomen susipopulaation koko pieneni nopeasti voimakkaan metsästyksen vuoksi 1800-luvun lopulta 1900-luvun alkuun. Populaatio pysyi hyvin pienenä useita vuosikymmeniä, kunnes se alkoi elpyä 1990-luvun puolivälissä. Tutkimus osoitti, että populaatiokoon vaihteluista huolimatta Suomen susien MHC-geenien monimuotoisuus on säilynyt korkeana ja on vastaavalla tasolla kuin Venäjän Karjalan susipopulaatiossa. Suomen ja Venäjän Karjalan susipopulaatioiden MHC-geenit eivät ole erilaistuneet, vaikka populaatiot poikkeavat toisistaan neutraalien geenimerkkien suhteen. Samanlainen tasapainottava valinta näyttäisi kohdistuvan näiden susipopulaatioiden MHC-geeneihin. Keinotekoinen valinta ja eläinlääketieteellinen hoito todennäköisesti heikentävät koirien MHC-geeneihin kohdistuvaa luonnonvalintaa. Luonnonvalinta voisi yhä vaikuttaa alkion- ja sikiönkehityksen aikana, mutta tästä ei tutkimuksessa löytynyt todisteita. MHC-muuntelun määrän arvioitiin olevan suurempaa aasialaisissa kuin eurooppalaisissa koirissa. Simulaatiotutkimuksen mukaan nykyisen koirapopulaation perustamiseen olisi tarvittu vähintään 500 sutta. Tulokset viittaavat koiran kesyttämisen tapahtuneen Aasiassa suuresta ja monimuotoisesta susipopulaatiosta. Sekä luonnonvalinta että demografia vaikuttavat lajien geneettiseen monimuotoisuuteen. Pienissä populaatioissa satunnaisajautuminen voimistuu. Valinta voi kuitenkin olla erityisen voimakasta ja voittaa satunnaisajautumisen geeneissä, joilla on erityisen tärkeä vaikutus yksilön kelpoisuuteen, kuten tutkimuksessa osoitettiin pienen susipopulaation MHC-geenien kohdalla
Osorio-Morales, Lina Fernanda [UNESP]. "Identificação e análise de polimorfismos no gene que codifica a Lectina ligante de Manose (MBL) na espécie Canis lúpus familiaris." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87933.
Full textAs leishmanioses são um grupo de doenças parasitárias estendidas a nível mundial e representam uma grande variedade de manifestações clínicas que vão desde leishmaniose visceral que é a forma mais grave da doença e com letalidade próxima aos 100% sem tratamento, e a leishmaniose cutânea que é de evolução usualmente benigna. As diferentes formas clínicas dependem da espécie de Leishmania que produz a doença e da resposta imune que estabelece cada hospedeiro. A lectina ligante de manose (MBL), é uma proteína que potencialmente desempenha um papel na infecção podendo levar a doença, já que ela é capaz de facilitar a infecção, promovendo a fagocitose desses parasitos intracelulares. Mutações no exon 1 e no promotor do gene da MBL humana resultam em níveis séricos baixos da proteína, o que pode proteger contra o desenvolvimento da doença. O presente estudo avaliou o papel da MBL em cães infectados com leishmaniose visceral (LVC), no Brasil, na população de Teresina – PI. (cidade endêmica para leishmaniose visceral). A procura de polimorfismos foi realizada na região promotora do gene que codifica a mbl canina, (mbl A). O DNA usado foi extraído de amostras de medula óssea de cães infectados provenientes da região. Foram encontradas apenas duas mutações do tipo SNPs na região promotora do gene da MBL. Os nossos resultados sugerem que a sequência do promotor de cães com a doença são bastante estáveis podendo ser usados como base numa possível comparação com cães sadios. Essas informações, juntamente com dados dos níveis séricos no plasma sanguíneo podem revelar a correlação entre a Leishmaniose visceral e a MBL
Leishmaniasis is a group of parasitic diseases extended worldwide and represent a wide variety of clinical manifestations ranging from visceral leishmaniasis - the most severe form of the disease with mortality close to 100 % without treatment , and cutaneous leishmaniasis which evolution is usually benign . The different clinical forms depend on the kind of Leishmania which produces the disease and the immune response that establishes each host. The mannose binding lectin (MBL) is a protein that plays a potential role on how the infection may lead to disease, because it is capable of facilitating infection by promoting phagocytosis of these intracellular parasites . Mutations in exon 1 and the promoter of the gene for human MBL result in low serum levels of the protein, which can protect against the development of disease. The present study evaluated the role of MBL in dogs infected with visceral leishmaniasis ( VL), in Brazil, in the population of Teresina - PI . (city with visceral leishmaniasis endemic) . It was looked for polymorphisms in the promoter region of the MBL gene encoding the canine (MBL A). The DNA used was extracted from bone marrow samples from dogs infected from that region. We found only two mutations for SNPs in the promoter region of the MBL gene . Our results suggest that the promoter sequence of dogs with the disease are very stable and can be used as the basis of comparison with healthy dogs . This information, together with data of serum blood plasma can reveal the correlation between the Leishmaniasis visceral and MBL
Osorio-Morales, Lina Fernanda. "Identificação e análise de polimorfismos no gene que codifica a Lectina ligante de Manose (MBL) na espécie Canis lúpus familiaris /." Botucatu, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87933.
Full textBanca: Hiro Goto
Banca: Carlos Magno F.
Resumo: As leishmanioses são um grupo de doenças parasitárias estendidas a nível mundial e representam uma grande variedade de manifestações clínicas que vão desde leishmaniose visceral que é a forma mais grave da doença e com letalidade próxima aos 100% sem tratamento, e a leishmaniose cutânea que é de evolução usualmente benigna. As diferentes formas clínicas dependem da espécie de Leishmania que produz a doença e da resposta imune que estabelece cada hospedeiro. A lectina ligante de manose (MBL), é uma proteína que potencialmente desempenha um papel na infecção podendo levar a doença, já que ela é capaz de facilitar a infecção, promovendo a fagocitose desses parasitos intracelulares. Mutações no exon 1 e no promotor do gene da MBL humana resultam em níveis séricos baixos da proteína, o que pode proteger contra o desenvolvimento da doença. O presente estudo avaliou o papel da MBL em cães infectados com leishmaniose visceral (LVC), no Brasil, na população de Teresina - PI. (cidade endêmica para leishmaniose visceral). A procura de polimorfismos foi realizada na região promotora do gene que codifica a mbl canina, (mbl A). O DNA usado foi extraído de amostras de medula óssea de cães infectados provenientes da região. Foram encontradas apenas duas mutações do tipo SNPs na região promotora do gene da MBL. Os nossos resultados sugerem que a sequência do promotor de cães com a doença são bastante estáveis podendo ser usados como base numa possível comparação com cães sadios. Essas informações, juntamente com dados dos níveis séricos no plasma sanguíneo podem revelar a correlação entre a Leishmaniose visceral e a MBL
Abstract: Leishmaniasis is a group of parasitic diseases extended worldwide and represent a wide variety of clinical manifestations ranging from visceral leishmaniasis - the most severe form of the disease with mortality close to 100 % without treatment , and cutaneous leishmaniasis which evolution is usually benign . The different clinical forms depend on the kind of Leishmania which produces the disease and the immune response that establishes each host. The mannose binding lectin (MBL) is a protein that plays a potential role on how the infection may lead to disease, because it is capable of facilitating infection by promoting phagocytosis of these intracellular parasites . Mutations in exon 1 and the promoter of the gene for human MBL result in low serum levels of the protein, which can protect against the development of disease. The present study evaluated the role of MBL in dogs infected with visceral leishmaniasis ( VL), in Brazil, in the population of Teresina - PI . (city with visceral leishmaniasis endemic) . It was looked for polymorphisms in the promoter region of the MBL gene encoding the canine (MBL A). The DNA used was extracted from bone marrow samples from dogs infected from that region. We found only two mutations for SNPs in the promoter region of the MBL gene . Our results suggest that the promoter sequence of dogs with the disease are very stable and can be used as the basis of comparison with healthy dogs . This information, together with data of serum blood plasma can reveal the correlation between the Leishmaniasis visceral and MBL
Mestre
Moraes, Ludmila Coutinho. "Presença de genes de resistência a agentes antimicrobianos em saliva, biofilme supragengival e canais radiculares infectados." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/87614.
Full textAlthough different studies indicate that there is an increased resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobial agents prescribed in Endodontics, little is known about their distribution in the oral cavity. The present dissertation was divided into two chapters, represented by two different manuscripts. In manuscript I, a systematic review was conducted and aimed to determine which antimicrobial resistance genes were investigated in saliva (S), the supragingival biofilm (SB) and root canal (RC). The terms were used in various combinations in the following electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI, SCOPUS and OPENGREY). After title screening and abstract analysis, the full text of each study was obtained. The relevance of each study to the question of interest was determined through inclusion and exclusion criteria. Epidemiologic data, methodological characteristics and results were collected from the studies. Due to lack of methodology standardization among the papers, it was not possible to perform a meta-analysis. Descriptive data analysis was performed. A total of 151 titles were identified for preliminary analysis. Forty-nine abstracts were selected, and full texts of 22 studies were obtained. Seven articles matched the inclusion criteria (S=2; SB= 0; and, RC=5). Twenty-six different targeted genes have been evaluated. The most frequently investigated groups of resistance genes were related to tetracycline and lactamics (5/7). Few articles in the literature fit in the search strategy adopted by this systematic review, demonstrating the lack of standardization in the methodologies of studies using molecular techniques for the detection of bacterial resistance genes to antibiotics in oral cavity, either in health or disease conditions. In the manuscript II, an observational clinical and laboratorial study was developed to identify the presence of targeted Prevotella species and the cfxA/cfxA2 gene in samples from saliva (S), supragingival biofilm (SB) and infected root canals (RC). Paired samples of S, SB and RC were collected from 42 subjects. Patients were divided into three groups: Group I - no acute or chronic root canal infection (n = 15); Group II - presence of acute root canal infection (n = 12), and Group III - presence of chronic root canal infection (n=15). RC samples were collected for Groups II and III. After DNA isolation, the presence of Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Prevotella tannerae and the cfxA/cfxA2 gene was detected through gene-specific PCR. The frequency of the species and of the resistance was compared, considering different environments and clinical conditions. Statistical analysis was carried out. All samples from S, SB and RC were positive for the presence of bacteria. The overall detection rates for Prevotella species were: S = 53.97%; SB = 47.62%; and, RC = 34.56%. The cfxA gene was not detected simultaneously in the three environments from the same patient. The presence of absence of spontaneous symptoms had not influenced the detection rates for the targeted species and for the cfxA/A2 gene in RC samples (Fisher Exact Test, P>.05). Prevotella species and the gene cfxA/cfxA2 were frequently detected in saliva, dental plaque and root canal samples.
Greco, Claudia <1976>. "Genomic characterization of the italian wolf (Canis lupus): the genes involved in black coat colour determination and application of microarray technique for snps detection." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1729/1/GRECO__CLAUDIA_TESI.pdf.
Full textGreco, Claudia <1976>. "Genomic characterization of the italian wolf (Canis lupus): the genes involved in black coat colour determination and application of microarray technique for snps detection." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1729/.
Full textCosta, Marcos Rodrigo Jeronimo da. "Efeito do estresse térmico no relógio biológico de Danio rerio: um elo entre temperatura , luz, canais termoTRPs e genes de relógio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-07122016-093720/.
Full textTemporal adaptation is essential for the survival of species which need to coordinately adjust their physiology and behavior to external signals. Biological rhythms are not just a response to the 24 hour changes in the physical environment imposed by the rotation of the Earth around its own axis, but they arise from an endogenous timing system. In the teleost Danio rerio, there has not been identified so far a region in the nervous system that could act as a central clock; some studies have reported the existence of cells and tissues which contain photosensitive, autonomous circadian clocks, demonstrating the existence of another type of circadian rhythm regulation in which environment perception and entrainment of the circadian period are directly effected at cell level. The deleterious consequences of temperature increase are prevented by an adaptive response which assures cell survival in the presence of heat. This survival pathway activated by heat, known as response to temperature shock, is signaled by a cascade of events leading to the induction of thermal shock proteins (HSPs) which attenuate the acute cell lesion. It is believed that the systems perceiving temperature and light daily cycles were subject to the same selective pressures during their co-evolution, resulting in their association. The base of thermal sensation is a family of highly conserved channels, present in all metazoans studied to date, and involved in a variety of sensorial modalities, the transient receptor potential channels (TRP); those responding to thermal stimuli were grouped in a sub-family named thermo-TRPs. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of a temperature pulse (33 ºC) on the expression of clock and heat shock protein genes, as well as the role of TRPV1 channel, in blastula embryonic cells of Danio rerio, named ZEM-2S, subject to constant dark (DD) or light-dark cycles (LD). Using quantitative PCR, we demonstrated that ZEM-2S cells express genes for the following TRP channels: trpA1a, trpA1b, trpV1/2, trpV4, trpC6, trpM2, trpM4a, trpM4b/c and trpM5. After the pulse of temperature, we observed an increase of hsp90 aa1 transcripts in DD as well as in LD; hsp90 aa1 expression 1 hour after the stimulus was two-fold lower in LD than in DD. Temperature pulse did not affect the expression of any of the studied clock genes (bmal1a, bmal1, bmal2, cry1a, cry1b, per1, per2), when the cells were kept in DD. However, per2 transcript increased in response to the temperature pulse when the cells were synchronized by light-dark cycles. Inhibition of TRPV1 channel did not change the effect induced by the temperature pulse on hsp90 aa1 in ZEM-2S cells kept in DD. On the other hand, our data suggest that this channel participates, at least partially, in the temperature-induced increase of per2 in cells maintained in LD, as indicated by the significant decay observed in the gene response in the presence of the inhibitor. Our results open new investigative perspective about the relationship between temperature and clock genes, placing a new “actor” in the regulation of the phenomenon: the TRPV1 channel
Carvalho, Vanessa Juliana Gomes. "Expressão dos genes codificadores de canais de sódio Nav 1.7, Nav 1.8 e Nav 1.9 em portadores da Síndrome de Ardência Bucal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-24052016-121129/.
Full textBurning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a condition characterized by symptoms of burning in the oral mucosa, in the absence of any clinical signs. Its etiology is unknown and so far, it has no effective treatment. It is important to mention that BMS exhibits some traits of a neuropathic disease, what justifies a thorough investigation of this subject.The objective of this study was to measure the gene expression of the sodium channel receptors, Nav 1.7, Nav 1.8 and Nav 1.9, in patients with BMS.The sample was composed of two groups, being the study group formed by 12 patients with SAB, selected according to the criteria established by the International Headache Society in 2013, while the compound control group had 4 patients without SAB. The analyzed samples were collected from the tongue, by the biopsy technique with a 3 mm punch and 3mm depth. These samples were processed in real time, following the guidelines set forth by the RT-PCR method. The expressiveness of the sodium channels was evaluated in the individuals with BMS in relation to control group, which was calculated from the normalization of these data with the quantification of the expression of a constitutive gene (GAPDH) by the Cycle Threshold comparative methods and statistically compared by Man-Whitnney test. We observed an increased gene expression of Nav 1.7 (fold-change = 38.70) and a decreased gene expression of Nav 1.9 (fold-change = 0.89), but no statistically significant differences between the groups. Nav 1.8 gene was not expressed in any of the samples. Nav 1.7 is expressed in both nociceptive neurons as the autonomic nervous system and changes in Nav 1.9 has been associated with loss of pain perception. The results although not statistically significant are consistent with the disease characteristics, justifying the extension line of the studies on the expression of genes encoding the sodium channel in patients with SAB.
Moraes, Ludmila Coutinho. "Abordagem metagenômica de procariotos e presença de genes de resistência a agente antimicrobianos em saliva, biofilme supragengival e canais radiculares com infecções agudas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/151455.
Full textMezzalira, Nathana Fernandes. "Efeito da Luz e Temperatura Sobre a Expressão de Genes do Relógio em Mamífero: Tecidos Periféricos como Modelo de Estudo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-15032016-105421/.
Full textThe life emergence and evolution on Earth were made possible by the development of precise temporal mechanisms able to adjust the physiological processes within an organism with environmental cycles, thus promoting gains in the adaptive and reproductive capacity of the individuals. In this context, light and temperature are the two most relevant time cues to reset the endogenous clock; apparently these two zeitgebers work together to keep the circadian rhythms. A wide variety of photoreceptors and photopigments evolved in order to precisely perceive the photic information provided by the environment, and recently it has been shown that the temperature detection can also be exerted by the photopigments rhodopsin and melanopsin, being mediated by TRP channels (Shen et al., 2011). We have identified B16-F10 Per1::Luc cells as a promising model for the study of light and temperature effects on peripheral clocks, since this cell line expresses both photopigments pointed as thermoreceptors in Drosophila. Our studies allowed us to demonstrate that light does not act as a synchronizing agent on those cells, which remained in free running after a 10 min pulse of blue light (650 lux). On the other hand, a temperature pulse of 2.5º C above the maintenance temperature, for 1h, adjusted Per1 gene expression, imprinting a circadian rhythm, which was not observed in the control. Based on this information, we hypothesized that the light perceived via melanopsin by the mammalian retina would lead to the regulation of the circadian temperature by the SCN, and the body temperature, in turn, could act as an inner cue for the synchronization of the peripheral tissues, having the TRP channels as mediators. To answer this question, we have used WT and TrpV1 KO mice under different light protocols and evaluated the expression of clock genes Per1, Per2, Clock and Bmal1 and TrpV1 and TrpA1 channels in peripheral tissues. We found that the adrenal gland, liver and brown adipose tissue have a typically active clock machinery, and the oscillation of clock genes observed in these tissues is significant. Interestingly, we observed that TrpV1 is expressed in those tissues, and presents a rhythmic transcription in the liver and brown adipose tissue of LD maintained animals, confirming our hypothesis that TRP channels act as mediators of light information to peripheral tissues. In face of the differences between WT and trpV1 KO animals, we suggest that the presence of the TRPV1 channel may be essential, although its degree of involvement may vary according to the tissue. In terms of TRPA1 channel, we found two results that deserve to be highlighted. Firstly, we identified in the liver of TrpV1 KO mice maintained in LD a presumable compensation of TrpA1 expression in the absence of TrpV1 and, interestingly, the brown adipose tissue does not express TrpA1 channel. Considering the findings of this study on the participation of TRP channels in responses to light and temperature, we believe we have strengthened our initial hypothesis, especially after we have demonstrated the role of TRPV1 channel, and that peripheral tissues may be synchronized by temperature changes.
Shinzato, Amanda. "Investigação molecular dos genes PTEN e DREAM em pacientes portadores de bócio multinodular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5135/tde-05102015-102433/.
Full textBACKGROUND: Multinodular goiter is a clinicopathological entity characterized by an increased volume of the thyroid gland with formation of nodules. A high proliferative status of thyroid follicular cells and goiter were observed in mutants mice with specifically deleted Pten or Dream overexpression in thyrocytes. In humans, a large percentage of patients with Cowden disease have goiters or other thyroid abnormalities associated with germ-line PTEN mutations. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the tissue expression of PTEN and DREAM, as well as germ-line and somatic PTEN mutations and somatic DREAM mutations, in patients with multinodular goiter to evaluated the role of these genes in goitrogenesis. METHODS: We investigated 60 multinodular goiter patients (54 females). Genomic DNA was extracted from both patients\' hyperplastic thyroid tissue and peripheral blood whereas RNA was obtained only from glandular tissue. Relative quantification of PTEN and DREAM messenger RNA was evaluated using 2-Ct method normalized to GAPDH expression on data produced by real-time PCR. PTEN and DREAM over and lower expression were respectively defined by value > 2.0-fold and < 0.5-fold relative to a commercial pool of normal human thyroid RNA. Mutations analyses were performed by amplification of PTEN and DREAM coding region by PCR followed by automatic sequencing. RQ = relative quantification; x = average; SD = standard deviation. RESULTS: We observed a high expression of PTEN in 58.3% of multinodular goiter patients (RQ x = 3.81; SD = 2.26) and only two cases with lower expression (RQ x = 0.34; SD = 0.09). In the remaining 38.3% of patients expression of PTEN was normal (RQ x = 1.35; SD = 0.35). For the DREAM, over and lower expression were observed in 33.3% (RQ x = 6.07; SD = 5.02) and 15.0% (RQ x = 0.30; SD = 0.10) of patients respectively, whereas 51.6% had normal expression (RQ x = 1.12; SD = 0.40). Regarding PTEN and DREAM mutations analysis, only previously described intronic polymorphisms were observed in DNA from blood and/or thyroid hyperplastic tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated that PTEN expression is higher in multinodular goiter suggesting that this gene is overregulated (or at least has its expression maintained) in this benign hyperplastic thyroid lesions. No evidence for the involvement of DREAM in goitrogenesis was observed in our cohort of multinodular goiter patients
Carreras, Badosa Gemma. "Creixement recuperador postnatal secundari a restricció de pes prenatal en rates Wistar: canvis moleculars en l'expressió dels gens STK11, DLK1 i SIRT1 en els teixits adipós, hepàtic muscular i placentari." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/369049.
Full textEls ambients pre i postnatal poden augmentar el risc de desenvolupar malalties en l’edat adulta. S’ha dissenyat un model animal de creixement recuperador postnatal secundari a restricció de pes prenatal en rates Wistar per estudiar canvis en l’expressió de gens de regulació metabòlica. Les cries amb creixement recuperador postnatal presenten acumulació excessiva i hipertròfia del teixit adipós visceral, disminució dels nivells l’adiponectina i triglicèrids circulants, augment del valor de HOMA-IR i baixa expressió dels gens STK11, DLK1 i SIRT1 en els teixits adipós, hepàtic i muscular en el dia postnatal 42 que es relaciona amb acumulació de greix visceral i resistència a la insulina. En conclusió, el creixement recuperador postnatal secundari a restricció de pes prenatal provoca canvis en l’expressió dels gens STK11, DLK1 i SIRT1, els quals podrien ser noves dianes terapèutiques per a la prevenció precoç de la programació fetal dels desordres metabòlics en l’edat adulta.
Lord, Kathryn A. "A heterochronic explanation for the behaviorally polymorphic genus Canis: A study of the development of behavioral differences in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and wolves (Canis lupus lupus)." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3409623.
Full textRiegert, Stefanie [Verfasser]. "Anatomische und biomechanische Untersuchungen am Kniegelenk (Articulatio genus) des Hundes (Canis familiaris) / vorgelegt von Stefanie Riegert." 2004. http://d-nb.info/972703888/34.
Full textMorinha, Francisco José Guedes. "Estudo de Genes Candidatos na Doença Periodontal em Canis Familiaris: Análise Molecular dos Genes IL6 e LTF." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/2125.
Full textA Doença Periodontal (PD) inclui as doenças inflamatórias induzidas pela placa bacteriana no periodonto. Inicialmente manifesta-se na forma de gengivite, podendo evoluir para uma forma inflamatória crónica designada periodontite. A origem e modulação da PD está associada principalmente a factores microbianos e ambientais, apresentando, contudo, uma etiologia multifactorial onde factores comportamentais, sistémicos e genéticos são descritos. A importância da PD na medicina humana é inequívoca estimando-se que 30% da população adulta seja afectada. Na medicina veterinária, a PD é igualmente muito relevante, sendo a doença mais prevalente e frequente da cavidade oral nos carnívoros domésticos. Adicionalmente, a PD tem sido associada a outras doenças de ordem sistémica, factor que tem contribuído para o crescente interesse na investigação dos factores associados ao seu desenvolvimento. Muitos agentes e/ou mediadores envolvidos na PD ainda são pouco claros, sendo necessário desenvolver novos estudos que interrelacionem esses factores/indicadores de risco. A sua identificação precoce poderá auxiliar a traçar perfis de susceptibilidade, permitindo caracterizar os indivíduos com maior predisposição para a doença e desenvolver terapias personalizadas e estratégias preventivas mais eficientes. A investigação molecular e genética tem contribuído para o melhor conhecimento da PD tendo sido evidenciado que muitos genes desempenham um papel fundamental na predisposição e progressão da doença, principalmente através da regulação dos mediadores inflamatórios. O cão é um modelo muito utilizado nas várias áreas da investigação periodontológica, pois a PD neste animal apresenta muitas semelhanças com a doença no homem a nível da etiologia e da fisiopatologia, no entanto a sua valência para o estudo dos factores genéticos nunca foi analisada. Com este estudo pretende-se contribuir para a caracterização da base genética da PD no cão e adicionalmente para a sua implementação como modelo no estudo da doença humana. Com esse objectivo foram seleccionados dois genes (IL6 e LTF) potencialmente associados à susceptibilidade para a PD no homem. Variações no gene IL6 parecem influenciar a resposta inflamatória desta citocina contra agentes infecciosos e influenciar a reabsorção óssea associada à PD. Alterações no gene LTF são associadas a alterações das funções anti-microbianas desta molécula, influenciado a susceptibilidade para a doença. Neste trabalho efectuou-se uma análise molecular dos genes LTF e IL6 do cão, com o objectivo principal de identificar variações genéticas e analisar a sua associação à PD através de um estudo caso-controlo. Com essa finalidade e tendo em vista a continuidade desta investigação, começou-se por criar uma base de dados onde foi incluída toda informação clínica e material biológico (sangue e tecido gengival) dos animais analisados neste estudo. Neste trabalho foram analisadas três regiões do gene LTF e duas do gene IL6, seleccionando-se primers específicos para a sua amplificação por PCR utilizando o DNA extraído com sucesso a partir dos elementos figurados do sangue. Todos os fragmentos amplificados foram sequenciados, permitindo a identificadas de oito variações genéticas no gene LTF e três no gene IL6. As frequências de todas estas variações foram analisadas num estudo do tipo caso-controlo englobando uma população de 70 animais, divididos num grupo controlo (45) e num grupo de casos com PD (25), de forma a avaliar a sua influência na susceptibilidade para a doença. Foi ainda realizada a optimização de uma metodologia para a extracção de RNA a partir de tecido gengival. Estas amostras foram utilizadas posteriormente na optimização das condições de amplificação por RT-PCR do cDNA do gene IL6, tendo em vista a realização de futuros estudos de expressão envolvendo este gene. Os resultados mostraram que para todas as variações genéticas identificadas não existiram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre o grupo controlo e o grupo de casos com PD, não permitindo relacionar qualquer variação com a susceptibilidade para a PD no cão. No entanto, todas estas variações foram descritas pela primeira vez, tendo sido observadas diferenças interessantes quando as sequências foram comparadas com os dados disponíveis nas bases de dados genómicas do NCBI e Ensembl. É importante desenvolver novos estudos para esclarecer o papel das variações genéticas identificadas neste trabalho, envolvendo populações de maior dimensão. Este é o primeiro estudo direccionado para a caracterização genética da PD do cão, sendo importante prosseguir a investigação no sentido de analisar outros genes candidatos, variações genéticas e a forma como podem influenciar a susceptibilidade para a doença, de forma a contrapor resultados e avaliar a aplicabilidade deste modelo para o estudo da PD humana.
Periodontal Disease (PD) includes inflammatory diseases induced by bacterial plaque in the periodontium. Initially it is manifested in the form of gingivitis and can progress to a chronic inflammatory form called periodontitis. The origin and modulation of PD is mainly associated to microbial and environmental factors; however it presents a multifactorial etiology, in which behavioral factors, systemic and genetic factors are described. The importance of PD in human medicine is clear and it is estimated that 30% of the adult population is affected. In veterinary medicine, DP is also very important, being the most common disease of the oral cavity in domestic carnivores. Furthermore, the PD has been associated with other systemic diseases, a factor that has contributed to the increasing interest in the investigation of factors related to its development. Many agents and/or mediators involved in PD remain unclear, being necessary to develop new strategies to analyse them. Its early identification may help to establish profiles of susceptibility, allowing the characterization of individuals with a higher predisposition to the disease and develop personalized therapies and more efficient preventive strategies. The molecular and genetic research has contributed to a better understanding of PD and has shown that many genes play a role in the predisposition and progression of disease, primarily through the regulation of inflammatory mediators. The dog is a model classically used in many areas of periodontology, because in this model the PD has many similarities to the disease in man in terms of pathophysiology and etiology, however its valence for the study of genetic factors has never been analyzed. This study aims to contribute to the characterization of the genetic basis of PD in the dog and its implementation as a model in the study of human disease. With this objective we selected two genes (IL6 and LTF) potentially associated with susceptibility to PD in humans. Changes in IL6 gene appear to influence this inflammatory cytokine responses against infectious agents and influence bone resorption related to PD. Variations in the LTF gene are associated with changes in anti-microbial functions of this molecule, influencing the susceptibility to the disease. This work carried out a molecular analysis of LTF and IL6 genes in dog, to identify genetic variations and verify its association with PD in a case-control study. To this end and in order to continue this investigation, we first organized a database that included clinical information and biological materials (blood and gingival tissue) of the animals analyzed in this study. We analysed three regions of the LTF gene and two regions of the IL6 gene and selected specific primers for their amplification by PCR using DNA extracted successfully from figurative elements of the blood. All amplified fragments were sequenced, allowing the identification of eight genetic variations in the LTF gene and three in IL6 gene. The frequencies of all variations were analyzed in a case-control study comprising a population of 70 animals, divided into a control group (45) and a group of cases with PD (25), to assess their influence on susceptibility to disease. In addition we optimized a method for extracting RNA from gingival tissue. These samples were used in the optimization of the amplification by RT-PCR of cDNA of IL6 gene in order to carry out future studies involving gene expression. For all the genetic variations identified, the results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the control group and the group of cases with PD, unable to correlate any variation with susceptibility to PD in dogs. However, all these changes were first described in this work and interesting differences were observed, when our sequences were compared with the sequence data available in genomic databases of NCBI and Ensembl. It is important to develop future studies to clarify the role of the genetic variations identified in this work, involving larger populations. This is the first study focussed to the genetic characterization of the DP in dog. It is essential to continue this research to determine others candidate genes, genetic variations and how they can influence susceptibility to disease, in order to compare the results and analyse the applicability of this model in the human PD research.
Staroveská, Marieta. "Detekce polymorfismu v genu MDR1 u ovčáckých a honáckých psů." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-362299.
Full textDuarte, Cláudia Lima. "Profiling of carboxylate transporter genes during systemic infections and virulence of Candida glabrata null mutants." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/74318.
Full textIn the last decades, fungi have emerged as one of the major causes of human infection diseases. Candida species are one of the most common fungal pathogens that can cause both superficial and invasive infections. Under normal conditions, Candida species are commensal microorganisms of the human microflora, however, they can also be successful opportunistic pathogens, especially in individuals with a compromised immune system. Candida species can adapt very easily to several host niches, including colonizing and proliferating in very different environmental conditions. Glucose is generally the preferred carbon source of most microorganisms, however, some of the most common colonization sites by Candida are not rich in this monosaccharide, for example, the vaginal tract. In these cases, the use of alternative carbon sources becomes essential for the survival of these pathogens. The ATO (Acetate Transporter Ortholog) plasma membrane carboxylate transporters are present in different yeast species. These proteins seem to be very important for Candida adaptation to different host environments, especially in those where carboxylic acids are the main carbon source available. The species Candida glabrata, often considered the second or third most common cause of candidiasis in humans, is recognized by its ability to adapt to environmental or host-imposed stresses, like nutrient limitation. This pathogen encodes two homologues of ScATO1 (CgATO1, CgATO2) and one of ScATO3 (CgATO3), that are upregulated in the presence of acetic acid, suggesting that Ato proteins are important for the uptake of this substrate. In addition, C. glabrata encodes two homologues of S. cerevisiae FPS1, CgFPS1 and CgFPS2, that are also expressed in the presence of acetic acid. The main goal of this thesis was to characterize these transporters and channels in terms of the substrates that they transport, their subcellular localization and their importance in the survival of C. glabrata cells after phagocytosis. This study validated the function of these proteins in C. glabrata as acetate transporters and unveiled their role in the adaptation and persistence of this fungus to the intracellular environment of macrophages.
Nas últimas décadas, os fungos têm surgido como uma das principais causas de doenças infeciosas humanas. As espécies de Candida são um dos agentes patogénicos fúngicos mais comuns, podendo causar tanto infeções superficiais como invasivas. Em condições normais, estas espécies são microrganismos comensais da microflora humana. No entanto, em indivíduos com um sistema imunitário comprometido, podem tornar-se patógenos oportunistas. Estes microrganismos adaptam-se facilmente aos vários nichos do hospedeiro e conseguem proliferar em condições ambientais muito diferentes. A glucose, fonte de carbono preferida da maioria dos microrganismos, nem sempre se encontra disponível nos diferentes locais colonizados pelas espécies de Candida, como por exemplo, o trato vaginal. Assim, o uso de fontes alternativas de carbono torna-se essencial para a sobrevivência destes patógenos. Os transportadores de carboxilatos ATO (Acetate Transporter Ortholog) estão presentes na membrana plasmática das células e podem ser encontrados em diferentes espécies de leveduras. Estas proteínas parecem desempenhar um papel importante na adaptação das espécies de Candida aos diferentes nichos do hospedeiro, principalmente naqueles onde os ácidos carboxílicos são a principal fonte de carbono disponível. A espécie Candida glabrata é frequentemente considerada a segunda ou terceira causa mais comum de candidíase em humanos, e esta espécie é reconhecida pela sua capacidade de se adaptar a stresses impostos pelo hospedeiro ou pelo próprio ambiente, como por exemplo a limitação de nutrientes. Em C. glabrata existem dois homólogos do gene ATO1 de Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CgATO1, CgATO2) e um homólogo do gene ScATO3 (CgATO3), cuja expressão é aumentada na presença de ácido acético, sugerindo que as proteínas Ato são importantes para a captação deste substrato. Além disso, C. glabrata codifica dois homólogos do canal FPS1 de S. cerevisiae, CgFPS1 e CgFPS2, que também são expressos na presença de ácido acético. O principal objetivo desta tese foi caracterizar estas proteínas relativamente aos substratos que transportam, à sua localização subcelular e à sua importância na sobrevivência das células de C. glabrata após a fagocitose. Este estudo permitiu validar a função destas proteínas em C. glabrata como transportadores de ácido acético, assim como desvendar o seu papel na adaptação e persistência deste fungo ao ambiente intracelular dos macrófagos.