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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Genus 2 curves

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Academic literature on the topic 'Genus 2 curves'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Genus 2 curves"

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Baba, Srinath, and Håkan Granath. "Genus 2 Curves with Quaternionic Multiplication." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 60, no. 4 (August 1, 2008): 734–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2008-033-7.

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AbstractWe explicitly construct the canonical rational models of Shimura curves, both analytically in terms of modular forms and algebraically in terms of coefficients of genus 2 curves, in the cases of quaternion algebras of discriminant 6 and 10. This emulates the classical construction in the elliptic curve case. We also give families of genus 2 QMcurves, whose Jacobians are the corresponding abelian surfaces on the Shimura curve, and with coefficients that are modular forms of weight 12. We apply these results to show that our j-functions are supported exactly at those primes where the genus 2 curve does not admit potentially good reduction, and construct fields where this potentially good reduction is attained. Finally, using j, we construct the fields ofmoduli and definition for somemoduli problems associated to the Atkin–Lehner group actions.

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González-Jiménez, Enrique, and Josep González. "Modular curves of genus 2." Mathematics of Computation 72, no. 241 (June 4, 2002): 397–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0025-5718-02-01458-8.

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Cosset, Romain. "Factorization with genus 2 curves." Mathematics of Computation 79, no. 270 (August 20, 2009): 1191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0025-5718-09-02295-9.

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Mourao, Michael. "Extending Elliptic Curve Chabauty to higher genus curves." Manuscripta Mathematica 143, no. 3-4 (April 5, 2013): 355–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00229-013-0621-2.

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Bröker, Reinier, Everett W. Howe, Kristin E. Lauter, and Peter Stevenhagen. "Genus-2 curves and Jacobians with a given number of points." LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics 18, no. 1 (2015): 170–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s1461157014000461.

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AbstractWe study the problem of efficiently constructing a curve $C$ of genus $2$ over a finite field $\mathbb{F}$ for which either the curve $C$ itself or its Jacobian has a prescribed number $N$ of $\mathbb{F}$-rational points.In the case of the Jacobian, we show that any ‘CM-construction’ to produce the required genus-$2$ curves necessarily takes time exponential in the size of its input.On the other hand, we provide an algorithm for producing a genus-$2$ curve with a given number of points that, heuristically, takes polynomial time for most input values. We illustrate the practical applicability of this algorithm by constructing a genus-$2$ curve having exactly $10^{2014}+9703$ (prime) points, and two genus-$2$ curves each having exactly $10^{2013}$ points.In an appendix we provide a complete parametrization, over an arbitrary base field $k$ of characteristic neither two nor three, of the family of genus-$2$ curves over $k$ that have $k$-rational degree-$3$ maps to elliptic curves, including formulas for the genus-$2$ curves, the associated elliptic curves, and the degree-$3$ maps.Supplementary materials are available with this article.

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DRYŁO, Robert. "CONSTRUCTING PAIRING-FRIENDLY GENUS 2 CURVES." National Security Studies 6, no. 2 (December 5, 2014): 95–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.37055/sbn/135218.

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W kryptografii opartej na iloczynach dwuliniowych stosuje się specjalne krzywe, dla których iloczyny dwuliniowe Weila i Tate można efektywnie obliczyć. Takie krzywe, zwykle nazywane pairing-friendly, mają mały stopień zanurzeniowy i wymagają specjalnej konstrukcji. W praktyce stosuje się głównie krzywe eliptyczne i hipereliptyczne genusu 2. Konstrukcje takich krzywych opierają się na metodzie mnożeń zespolonych (CM metodzie) i stąd ograniczają się do krzywych, których pierścień endomorfizmów jakobianu jest generowany przez odpowiednio małe liczby. Aby skonstruować krzywą najpierw wyznacza się parametry jej jakobianu, które zwykle są dane przez liczby Weila dla krzywych genusu 2, a następnie stosuje się CM metodę, aby znaleźć równanie krzywej. Freeman, Scott i Teske zebrali i opisali w ujednolicony sposób metody konstruowania krzywych eliptycznych z danym stopniem zanurzeniowym. Istnieje kilka różnych podejść do konstruowania krzywych genusu 2, z których pierwsze podali Freeman, Stevenhagen i Streng, Kawazoe-Takahashi i Freeman-Satoh. W tym opracowaniu opisujemy podejście oparte na idei autora, w którym wykorzystujemy opowiednie wielomiany wielu zmiennych, aby jako ich wartości otrzymywać liczby Weila odpowiadające jakobianom krzywych genusu 2 z danym stopniem zanurzeniowym. Takie podejście pozwala konstruować zarówno krzywe genusu 2 o jakobianie absolutnie prostym oraz prostym, ale nie absolutnie prostym. Podajemy bezpośrednie wzory, które wyznaczają rodziny parametryczne krzywych genusu 2 z danym stopniem zanurzeniowym.

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Markushevich, Dimitri. "Kowalevski top and genus-2 curves." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 34, no. 11 (March 14, 2001): 2125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/34/11/306.

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de Jong, Robin. "Admissible constants for genus 2 curves." Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 42, no. 3 (February 17, 2010): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/blms/bdp132.

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Goren, Eyal Z., and Kristin E. Lauter. "Genus 2 Curves with Complex Multiplication." International Mathematics Research Notices 2012, no. 5 (April 12, 2011): 1068–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnr052.

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Baba, Srinath, and Håkan Granath. "Genus 2 Curves with Quaternionic Multiplication." Journal canadien de mathématiques 60, no. 4 (2008): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2009-033-8.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Genus 2 curves"

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Flynn, Eugene Victor. "Curves of genus 2." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305382.

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Bending, Peter Richard. "Curves of genus 2 with #square root# 2 multiplication." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267935.

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Hanselman, Jeroen [Verfasser]. "Gluing curves of genus 2 and genus 1 along their 2-torsion / Jeroen Hanselman." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219964816/34.

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Redmond, Joanne. "Coverings of families of curves of genus 2." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250416.

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Maistret, Céline. "Parity of ranks of Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves of genus 2." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/93324/.

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A consequence of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture is that the parity of the rank of abelian varieties is expected to be given by their global root numbers. This is known as the parity conjecture. Assuming the finiteness of the Shafarevich-Tate groups, the parity conjecture is equivalent to the p-parity conjecture for all prime p, that is the p∞ Selmer rank is expected to be given by the global root number. In this thesis we study the parity of the 2∞ Selmer rank of Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves of genus 2 defined over number fields. This forces us to assume the existence of a Richelot isogeny (the analogue of a 2-isogeny for elliptic curves) to provide an expression for the parity of their 2∞ Selmer rank as a sum of local factors Λv modulo 2. Based on a joint work with T. and V. Dokchitser and A. Morgan on arithmetic of hyperelliptic curves over local fields, this makes the parity of the 2∞ Selmer rank of such semistable Jacobians computable in practice. By introducing a set of polynomial invariants in the roots of the defining polynomials of the underlying curves of a specific family of Jacobians, we provide an expression for the local discrepancy existing between the local factors Λv and the local root numbers, and prove the 2-parity conjecture in this case. One outcome of this result it that, using the theory of regulator constants, one can lift the assumption on the existence of an isogeny and prove the parity conjecture for a class of semistable Jacobians of genus 2 curves assuming finiteness of their Shafarevich-Tate group.

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Wilson, J. "Curves of genus 2 with real multiplication by a square root of 5." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268031.

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Our aim in this work is to produce equations for curves of genus 2 whose Jacobians have real multiplication (RM) by $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{5})$, and to examine the conjecture that any abelian surface with RM by $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{5})$ is isogenous to a simple factor of the Jacobian of a modular curve $X_0(N)$ for some $N$. To this end, we review previous work in this area, and are able to use a criterion due to Humbert in the last century to produce a family of curves of genus 2 with RM by $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{5})$ which parametrizes such curves which have a rational Weierstrass point. We proceed to give a calculation of the $\mbox{\ell}$-adic representations arising from abelian surfaces with RM, and use a special case of this to determine a criterion for the field of definition of RM by $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{5})$. We examine when a given polarized abelian surface $A$ defined over a number field $k$ with an action of an order $R$ in a real field $F$, also defined over $k$, can be made principally polarized after $k$-isogeny, and prove, in particular, that this is possible when the conductor of $R$ is odd and coprime to the degree of the given polarization. We then give an explicit description of the moduli space of curves of genus 2 with real multiplication by $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{5})$. From this description, we are able to generate a fund of equations for these curves, employing a method due to Mestre.

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Chow, Rudolf Wing Tat. "The arithmetic-geometric mean and periods of curves of Genus 1 and 2." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20887/.

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Moulahi, Samir. "Pinceaux réels en courbes de genre 2." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0022/document.

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Soit π : X→ D un pinceau réel en courbes de genre $2$. L'objectif de cette thèse est de donner une classification partielle des fibres singulières possibles ; je donne les types de configurations réelles des fibres singulières et je détermine la topologie des fibres voisines. Je donne aussi les invariants déterminant d'une manière unique la classe réelle de tels pinceaux
Let π : X→ D be a real pencil of curves of genus two. The goal of this thesis is to give a partial classification of possible singular fibers; we give the types of real configurations of singular fibers and we determine the topology of neighbors fibers. Also we give the invariants determining in a unique way the real class of such pencils

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Costello, Craig. "Fast formulas for computing cryptographic pairings." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/61037/1/Craig_Costello_Thesis.pdf.

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The most powerful known primitive in public-key cryptography is undoubtedly elliptic curve pairings. Upon their introduction just over ten years ago the computation of pairings was far too slow for them to be considered a practical option. This resulted in a vast amount of research from many mathematicians and computer scientists around the globe aiming to improve this computation speed. From the use of modern results in algebraic and arithmetic geometry to the application of foundational number theory that dates back to the days of Gauss and Euler, cryptographic pairings have since experienced a great deal of improvement. As a result, what was an extremely expensive computation that took several minutes is now a high-speed operation that takes less than a millisecond. This thesis presents a range of optimisations to the state-of-the-art in cryptographic pairing computation. Both through extending prior techniques, and introducing several novel ideas of our own, our work has contributed to recordbreaking pairing implementations.

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Guillevic, Aurore. "Étude de l'arithmétique des couplages sur les courbes algébriques pour la cryptographie." Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2013. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00921940v1.

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Depuis 2000 les couplages sont devenus un très bon outil pour la conception de nouveaux protocoles cryptographiques. Les signatures courtes et le chiffrement basé sur l’identité sont devenus réalisables grâce aux couplages. Les travaux réalisés dans cette thèse comprennent deux aspects complémentaires. Une partie consiste en l’implémentation optimisée de couplages sur différentes courbes elliptiques, en fonction des protocoles visés. Une implémentation sur des courbes supersingulières en grande caractéristique et sur des courbes de Barreto-Naehrig est détaillée. La bibliothèque développée au Laboratoire Chiffre de Thales est utilisée avec des courbes de Barreto-Naehrig dans un protocole de diffusion chiffrée. La seconde application évalue la différence de temps de calcul pour des protocoles utilisant les couplages sur des courbes d’ordre composé (un large module RSA) et la traduction de ces protocoles qui utilise plusieurs couplages sur des courbes plus habituelles. Les résultats montrent une différence d’un facteur de 30 à 250 en fonction des étapes des protocoles, ce qui est très important. Une seconde partie porte sur deux familles de courbes de genre deux. Les jacobiennes de ces courbes sont isogènes au produit de deux courbes elliptiques sur une extension de corps de petit degré. Cette isogénie permet de transférer les propriétés des courbes elliptiques vers les jacobiennes. Le comptage de points est aisé et ne requiert qu’un comptage de points sur une des courbes elliptiques isogènes, plus quelques ajustements. On présente aussi la construction de deux endomorphismes à la fois sur les jacobiennes et sur les courbes elliptiques. Ces deux endomorphismes permettent des multiplications scalaires efficaces en suivant la méthode de Gallant, Lambert et Vanstone, ici en dimension quatre
Since 2000 pairings became a very useful tool to design new protocols in cryptography. Short signatures and identity-based encryption became also practical thanks to these pairings. This thesis contains two parts. One part is about optimized pairing implementation on different ellip- tic curves according to the targeted protocol. Pairings are implemented on supersingular elliptic curves in large characteristic and on Barreto-Naehrig curves. The pairing library developed at Thales is used in a broadcast encryption scheme prototype. The prototype implements pairings over Barreto-Naehrig curves. Pairings over supersingular curves are much slower and have larger parameters. However these curves are interesting when implementing protocols which use composite-order elliptic curves (the group order is an RSA modulus). We implement two protocols that use pairings on composite-order groups and compare the benchmarks and the parameter size with their counterpart in a prime-order setting. The composite-order case is 30 up to 250 times much slower according to the considered step in the protocols: the efficiency difference in between the two cases is very important. A second part in this thesis is about two families of genus 2 curves. Their Jacobians are isogenous to the product of two elliptic curves over a small extension field. The properties of elliptic curves can be translated to the Jacobians thanks to this isogeny. Point counting is as easy as for elliptic curves in this case. We also construct two endomorphisms both on the Jacobians and the elliptic curves. These en- domorphisms can be used for scalar multiplication improved with a four-dimensional Gallant-Lambert- Vanstone method

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Books on the topic "Genus 2 curves"

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V, Flynn E., ed. Prolegomena to a middlebrow arithmetic of curves of genus 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

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Cassels, J. W. S., and E. V. Flynn. Prolegomena to a Middlebrow Arithmetic of Curves of Genus 2. Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Cassels, J. W. S., and E. V. Flynn. Prolegomena to a Middlebrow Arithmetic of Curves of Genus 2. Cambridge University Press, 1996.

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Cassels, J. W. S., and E. V. Flynn. Prolegomena to a Middlebrow Arithmetic of Curves of Genus 2. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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Farb, Benson, and Dan Margalit. Curves, Surfaces, and Hyperbolic Geometry. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691147949.003.0002.

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This chapter explains the basics of working with simple closed curves, focusing on the case of the closed surface Sɡ of genus g. When g is greater than or equal to 2, hyperbolic geometry enters as a useful tool since each homotopy class of simple closed curves has a unique geodesic representative. The chapter begins by recalling some basic results about surfaces and hyperbolic geometry, with particular emphasis on the boundary of the hyperbolic plane and hyperbolic surfaces. It then considers simple closed curves in a surface S, along with geodesics and intersection numbers. It also discusses the bigon criterion, homotopy versus isotopy for simple closed curves, and arcs. Finally, it describes the change of coordinates principle and three facts about homeomorphisms.

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Farb, Benson, and Dan Margalit. Generating the Mapping Class Group. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691147949.003.0005.

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This chapter considers the Dehn–Lickorish theorem, which states that when g is greater than or equal to 0, the mapping class group Mod(Sɡ) is generated by finitely many Dehn twists about nonseparating simple closed curves. The theorem is proved by induction on genus, and the Birman exact sequence is introduced as the key step for the induction. The key to the inductive step is to prove that the complex of curves C(Sɡ) is connected when g is greater than or equal to 2. The simplicial complex C(Sɡ) is a useful combinatorial object that encodes intersection patterns of simple closed curves in Sɡ. More detailed structure of C(Sɡ) is then used to find various explicit generating sets for Mod(Sɡ), including those due to Lickorish and to Humphries.

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Book chapters on the topic "Genus 2 curves"

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Flynn, E. Victor. "Coverings of Curves of Genus 2." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 65–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10722028_3.

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Hisil, Huseyin, and Craig Costello. "Jacobian Coordinates on Genus 2 Curves." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 338–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45611-8_18.

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Duquesne, Sylvain. "Montgomery Scalar Multiplication for Genus 2 Curves." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 153–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24847-7_11.

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Frey, Gerhard, and Ernst Kani. "Curves of genus 2 covering elliptic curves and an arithmetical application." In Arithmetic Algebraic Geometry, 153–76. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0457-2_7.

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Duquesne, Sylvain. "Montgomery Ladder for All Genus 2 Curves in Characteristic 2." In Arithmetic of Finite Fields, 174–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69499-1_15.

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Maïga, Abdoulaye, and Damien Robert. "Computing the 2-Adic Canonical Lift of Genus 2 Curves." In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Mathematics and Computing, 637–72. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6890-6_48.

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Cardona, Gabriel. "ℚ-curves and Abelian Varieties of GL2-type from Dihedral Genus 2 Curves." In Modular Curves and Abelian Varieties, 45–52. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7919-4_3.

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Dryło, Robert. "Constructing Pairing-Friendly Genus 2 Curves with Split Jacobian." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 431–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34931-7_25.

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Rodriguez-Villegas, Fernando. "Explicit Models of Genus 2 Curves with Split CM." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 505–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10722028_33.

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Gaudry, Pierrick, David Kohel, and Benjamin Smith. "Counting Points on Genus 2 Curves with Real Multiplication." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 504–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25385-0_27.

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Conference papers on the topic "Genus 2 curves"

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Demirbas, Yasin. "Hyperelliptic curves of genus 3 and 4 in characteristic 2." In Computational Aspects of Algebraic Curves. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701640_0011.

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Cardona, Gabriel, and Jordi Quer. "Field of moduli and field of definition for curves of genus 2." In Computational Aspects of Algebraic Curves. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701640_0006.

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Wollinger, Thomas, and Vladyslav Kovtun. "Fast explicit formulae for genus 2 hyperelliptic curves using projective coordinates." In Fourth International Conference on Information Technology (ITNG'07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itng.2007.94.

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Freeman, David, and Kristin Lauter. "Computing endomorphism rings of Jacobians of genus 2 curves over finite fields." In Proceedings of the First SAGA Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812793430_0002.

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Bertoni, G., L. Breveglieri, T. Wollinger, and C. Paar. "Finding optimum parallel coprocessor design for genus 2 hyperelliptic curve cryptosystems." In International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing, 2004. Proceedings. ITCC 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itcc.2004.1286710.

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Fang, Yuejian, and Zhonghai Wu. "A New Parallel Processor Architecture for Genus 2 Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptosystems." In 2012 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isvlsi.2012.24.

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Abhau, Jochen, Carl-Friedrich Bödigheimer, and Ralf Ehrenfried. "Homology of the mapping class group Γ2,1 for surfaces of genus 2 with a boundary curve." In Conference in honour of Heiner Zieschang. Mathematical Sciences Publishers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/gtm.2008.14.1.

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Carvalho, Tamyres MIngorance, Tayana Schultz Jukoski, Guillermo Ortiz Brasil, Flavia Kuroda, and Enilze M. S. F. Ribeiro. "EXPRESSION OF miRNAS SUGGESTS A POTENTIAL ROLE IN BREAST CANCER." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1050.

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Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regulators of gene expression in biological processes, mainly repressing translation or degrading messenger RNA (mRNA) from their target genes. Their deregulation is associated with a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Understanding the mechanisms involved in this pathology is essential for the discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic markers. Objectives: Investigate the differential expression of selected miRNAs in luminal A (LA) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods: We evaluated the expression of miR-320a, miR-4433b-5p, miR-142-5p, and miR-150-5p in 31 BC samples (19 LA and 12 TNBC) and 29 adjacent non-tumor breast cancer (NT). The miRNAs were selected after in silico study. RT-qPCR was the method of choice, using RNU48 as endogenous control, and the BT-474 cell line was used as a calibrator between plates. The 2−ΔΔCt method was used to estimate miRNA expression level. Individual receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated based on RQ values to investigate the diagnostic value of miRNAs. Results: miR-142-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-320a, and miR-4433b-5p were downregulated in BC compared to NT samples. All studied miRNAs were able to discriminate between BC and NT samples with sensitivity and sensibility (AUC – Area under curve >0.7 and p <0.05). A panel including all miRNAs improved the AUC to identify TNBC patients compared to NT (AUC=0.9240, sensitivity 94.44%, specificity 100%). We found no difference comparing miRNAs between LA and TNBC BC subtypes. There was no association between expression levels and prognostic parameters (age, histological grade, size of the tumor, axillary lymph node status). Conclusions: Our data suggest that downregulation of miR-142-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-320a, and miR-4433b-5p can be involved in BC for not repressing the expression of target genes. Functional studies will contribute to elucidate their involvement in BC.

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Ketmalee, Thanapong, Thanachai Singhapetcharat, Monrawee Pancharoen, Pacharaporn Navasumrit, Kittiphop Chayraksa, and Naruttee Kovitkanit. "Like Cures Like Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery in Biodegraded Crude." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22733-ms.

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Abstract Field A is an onshore oil field in Thailand. This area contains biodegraded medium-heavy crude reservoir; 19°API oil gravity and 144 cp viscosity. Therefore, the field suffers from a low recovery factor due to high crude viscosity. On one hand, bacteria have exerted an adverse effect on production, on the other hand, it means that the condition of the reservoir is suitable for implementing Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR). The MEOR is a technology that utilizes microorganisms (mainly bacteria), to enhance oil production, especially for medium-heavy oil. By feeding nutrients to bacteria, several metabolites were produced that would be useful for oil recovery. This technique is well known for its low investment cost, hence, high return. The technical screening confirmed that the reservoir and fluid properties are suitable for MEOR. Consequently, sixteen core samples and three water samples were collected for indigenous bacteria analysis. Although the laboratory indicated there are countless bacterial strains in the reservoir, the nitrate-reducing biosurfactant-producing bacteria group was identified. This bacteria group belongs to the Bacillus genus which produced biosurfactant and reduced crude viscosity by long-chain hydrocarbon degradation. Therefore, the treatment design aimed to promote the growth of favorable bacteria and inhibit undesirable ones. Consequently, a combination of KNO3 and KH2PO4 solutions and a specialized injection scheme was tailored for this campaign. The pilot consisted of two candidates those were well W1 (76% water cut), and well W2 (100% water cut). The campaign was categorized into three phases, namely, 1.) baseline phase, 2.) injection and soaking phase, and 3.) production phase. Firstly, the baseline production trends of candidates were established. Secondly, KNO3 and KH2PO4 solutions were injected for one month then the wells were shut-in for another month. Lastly, the pilot wells were allowed to produce for six months to evaluate the results. The dead oil viscosity of well W1 was reduced from 144 cp to 72 cp which led to a 6.44 MSTB EUR gain or 1.3% RF improvement. On the other hand, the productivity of well W2, the well with 100% water cut, was not improved. This was expected due to insufficient in-situ oil saturation for a bacteria carbon source. Considering the operational aspect, there was no corrosion issue or artificial lift gas-lock problem during the pilot.

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10

Lee, S. G., N. K. Kalvan, J. Wilhelm, W.-T. Hum, R. Rappaport, S. M. Chenq, S. Dheer, C. Urbano, M. Levner, and P. P. Hung. "CONSTRUCTION AND EXPRESSION OF HYBRID PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATORS PREPARED FROM TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR (t-PA) AND UROKINASE (u-PA) GENES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643939.

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A covalent hybrid plasminogen activator was prepared from the sulfhydryl forms of the NH2-terminal A chain of human plasmin (Pln^) containing the fibrin-binding domain, and the COOH-terminal B chain of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PAB) containing the catalytic domain. The PlnA (SH)2 and t-PAB(SH) chains were mixed in a 1:1 molar ratio, and hybridization was allowed to proceed at 4 °C for 6 days. The covalent PlnA-t-PAB hybrid activator was isolated from the mixture by a two-step affinity chromatography method, with L-lysine-substituted Sepharose and Zn-chelated agarose. The protein yield of purified hybrid was 10% with a major component (77%) of Mr ∼92,000. The covalent PlnA-t-PAB hybrid activator, contained 1 mol of each chain; after reduction, it gave the two parent chains, PlnA and t-PAA, also shown to be present by double immunodiffusion. The specific plasminogen activator activity, with soluble fibrin, and the specific amidolytic activity, of the purified covalent hybrid activator was determined to be 200,000 IU/mg of protein, about 40% of the specific activity of the parent t-PA. In a fibrin clot lysis assay, the covalent hybrid activator and t-PA have similar specific fibrinolytic activities, 500,000 IU/mg of protein; however, the clot lysis time curves were not parallel. The binding of the covalent PlnA-t-PAB hybrid activator and t-PA to forming fibrin were found to be similar; at physiological fibrinogen concentrations, binding of both activators to forming fibrin was about 90%.

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Reports on the topic "Genus 2 curves"

1

Weller, Joel I., Harris A. Lewin, and Micha Ron. Determination of Allele Frequencies for Quantitative Trait Loci in Commercial Animal Populations. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586473.bard.

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Individual loci affecting economic traits in dairy cattle (ETL) have been detected via linkage to genetic markers by application of the granddaughter design in the US population and the daughter design in the Israeli population. From these analyses it is not possible to determine allelic frequencies in the population at large, or whether the same alleles are segregating in different families. We proposed to answer this question by application of the "modified granddaughter design", in which granddaughters with a common maternal grandsire are both genotyped and analyzed for the economic traits. The objectives of the proposal were: 1) to fine map three segregating ETL previously detected by a daughter design analysis of the Israeli dairy cattle population; 2) to determine the effects of ETL alleles in different families relative to the population mean; 3) for each ETL, to determine the number of alleles and allele frequencies. The ETL on Bostaurusautosome (BT A) 6 chiefly affecting protein concentration was localized to a 4 cM chromosomal segment centered on the microsatellite BM143 by the daughter design. The modified granddaughter design was applied to a single family. The frequency of the allele increasing protein percent was estimated at 0.63+0.06. The hypothesis of equal allelic frequencies was rejected at p<0.05. Segregation of this ETL in the Israeli population was confirmed. The genes IBSP, SPP1, and LAP3 located adjacent to BM143 in the whole genome cattle- human comparative map were used as anchors for the human genome sequence and bovine BAC clones. Fifteen genes within 2 cM upstream of BM143 were located in the orthologous syntenic groups on HSA4q22 and HSA4p15. Only a single gene, SLIT2, was located within 2 cM downstream of BM143 in the orthologous HSA4p15 region. The order of these genes, as derived from physical mapping of BAC end sequences, was identical to the order within the orthologous syntenic groups on HSA4: FAM13A1, HERC3. CEB1, FLJ20637, PP2C-like, ABCG2, PKD2. SPP, MEP, IBSP, LAP3, EG1. KIAA1276, HCAPG, MLR1, BM143, and SLIT2. Four hundred and twenty AI bulls with genetic evaluations were genotyped for 12 SNPs identified in 10 of these genes, and for BM143. Seven SNPs displayed highly significant linkage disequilibrium effects on protein percentage (P<0.000l) with the greatest effect for SPP1. None of SNP genotypes for two sires heterozygous for the ETL, and six sires homozygous for the ETL completely corresponded to the causative mutation. The expression of SPP 1 and ABCG2 in the mammary gland corresponded to the lactation curve, as determined by microarray and QPCR assays, but not in the liver. Anti-sense SPP1 transgenic mice displayed abnormal mammary gland differentiation and milk secretion. Thus SPP 1 is a prime candidate gene for this ETL. We confirmed that DGAT1 is the ETL segregating on BTA 14 that chiefly effects fat concentration, and that the polymorphism is due to a missense mutation in an exon. Four hundred Israeli Holstein bulls were genotyped for this polymorphism, and the change in allelic frequency over the last 20 years was monitored.

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