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Journal articles on the topic 'Genuine pain'
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Lagerstedt, Kristina, and Anna Efverman. "A Randomized Sham-Controlled Mixed Methods Pilot Study of the Feasibility of Acupuncture for Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy: Lessons Learned From Patient Experiences in Integrative Cancer Care." Integrative Cancer Therapies 22 (January 2023): 153473542311788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15347354231178877.
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Objective Since there is a lack of effective pharmacological therapies for chemotherapy-induced neuropathy and many patients ask for integrative cancer therapies such as acupuncture, the objective of this pilot study was to describe patients’ experiences, and to study the feasibility and short-term effects of genuine acupuncture for chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain and unpleasant sensations compared to sham acupuncture. Methods: The pilot study used mixed methods, collecting quantitative and qualitative data. Patients (n = 12) with chemotherapy-induced neuropathy after colorectal cancer were blindly randomized to genuine acupuncture or telescopic sham acupuncture. Individual interviews were conducted, and were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The patients registered pain and unpleasant sensations (100 mm Visual Analog Scales) before and after n = 120 sessions, n = 60 genuine and n = 60 sham acupuncture sessions. Results: Five categories of patient experiences were described. The neuropathy negatively affected life. Physical activity was perceived to be important for health, but neuropathy was a barrier. The neuropathy required symptom-managing strategies. Acupuncture was pleasant and valuable, but some patients presented doubts regarding its effect mechanisms. After the genuine acupuncture sessions, pain (mean −2.0 steps relief during each session) and unpleasant sensations (−2.4) in the face was reduced more than after sham acupuncture (+0.1 steps worse pain, P = .018, +0.1 steps worse unpleasant sensations, P = .036). After genuine acupuncture, unpleasant sensations in the hands were reduced less (−0.23) compared to after sham acupuncture (−5.5, P = .002). Pain or unpleasant sensations in the feet did not change. Conclusions: Patients experienced that the neuropathy negatively changed their life and that acupuncture was pleasant and valuable. Patients receiving genuine acupuncture had short-term effects regarding pain and unpleasant sensations in the face compared to patients receiving sham acupuncture, while hands and feet did not improve. The patients were successfully blinded and complied with the acupuncture. We welcome future full-scaled randomized sham-controlled acupuncture studies.
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Poole, Gary D., and Kenneth D. Craig. "Judgments of genuine, suppressed, and faked facial expressions of pain." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 63, no. 5 (1992): 797–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.5.797.
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Larochette, Anne-Claire, Christine T. Chambers, and Kenneth D. Craig. "Genuine, suppressed and faked facial expressions of pain in children." Pain 126, no. 1 (December 2006): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2006.06.013.
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Akca, Y. E. Ali, Lotte Slootmaekers, and Irena Boskovic. "Verifiability and Symptom Endorsement in Genuine, Exaggerated, and Malingered Pain." Psychological Injury and Law 13, no. 3 (May 4, 2020): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12207-020-09375-w.
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Stanford, S. E. R. "What is ‘genuine’ failure of neuraxial anaesthesia?" Anaesthesia 77, no. 5 (March 25, 2022): 523–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/anae.15723.
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Littlewort, Gwen C., Marian Stewart Bartlett, and Kang Lee. "Automatic coding of facial expressions displayed during posed and genuine pain." Image and Vision Computing 27, no. 12 (November 2009): 1797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2008.12.010.
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Arnér, Staffan, and Björn A. Meyerson. "Genuine resistance to opioids — fact or fiction?" Pain 47, no. 1 (October 1991): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(91)90019-t.
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Wright, John. "Epiphenomenalism and the Evolutionary Role of Pleasure and Pain." Journal of Consciousness Studies 31, no. 3 (April 1, 2024): 196–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.53765/20512201.31.3.196.
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One possible challenge for epiphenomenalism arises from the theory of evolution: if the mental has no causal powers, how might it have evolved? The aim of this paper is to argue that, contrary to some arguments advanced by other philosophers, most particularly William Robinson and Joseph Corabi, considerations from the theory of evolution do pose a genuine difficulty for epiphenomenalism.
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Sharratt, Grant M., and Erik Wisniewski. "Neoliberalism, Hedonism and the Dying Public." Theoria 67, no. 163 (June 1, 2020): 25–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/th.2020.6716302.
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While the pursuit of hedonism is legitimated by neoliberal governmentality, its disciplining and isolating forces prevent individuals from being fulfilled by their pursuit of pleasure. Concomitantly, this hedonism (pursuing pleasure to avoid pain) causes individuals to withdraw from public political life. In this article we argue that, instead of attempting to pursue pleasure through the experience of material comfort, individuals ought to orient themselves towards membership in substantive political associations. Further, we argue that it is through such membership that one can attain genuine fulfilment, while simultaneously reclaiming agency, both on individual and collective terms. Though individuals must be willing to take on the risk of pain, their membership in substantive political associations provides genuine fulfilment, while also allowing for the construction of new worlds through political action.
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Eastman, Peter, Brian H. Le, Ian Grant, and Sue Berry. "Is opioid-induced hyperalgesia a genuine issue for palliative care patients and clinicans?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 31_suppl (November 1, 2014): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.31_suppl.197.
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197 Background: Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia (OIH) has been described as a paradoxical response whereby opioid administration induces an increase in pain sensitivity rather than an analgesic effect. It is proposed this results from increased pro-nociceptive sensitivity following changes in central and peripheral neural pathways. While there is basic science and pre-clinical evidence supporting OIH, debate remains about its clinical relevance or even existence. The existence or otherwise of OIH has relevance for palliative care as many patients are prescribed opioids and the standard management of unstable pain in palliative care may worsen symptoms in OIH. Therefore recognition of the concept would seem important for palliative care clinicians. Methods: An electronic survey of Australian and New Zealand palliative care clinicians was undertaken addressing awareness of OIH as well as approaches to recognising and managing it. The survey which contained single response, multiple-choice and open-ended questions was distributed through the Australian New Zealand Society of Palliative Medicine. Mixed-methods analysis was performed. Results: One hundred and twenty-three surveys were returned (response rate = 31%). The majority of respondents identified as palliative care specialists. More than 75% of respondents reported observing OIH in their clinical practice, often with malignant disease and with morphine, oxycodone and fentanyl identified as the commonest causal agents. The three features felt to be most suggestive of OIH were; escalating pain despite increasing opioids, demonstrable hyperalgesia or allodynia and a more diffuse pain distribution away from pre-existing pain sites. Most clinicians utilized more than one approach when OIH was encountered. The commonest of these were opioid reduction, opioid rotation and optimization of adjuvant analgesia. Conclusions: Our survey found a higher rate of reported observation of OIH amongst clinicians than might have been anticipated given debate about the existence of OIH in humans outside of a research environment. These results suggest that many palliative care clinicians perceive OIH to be a genuine issue for their patients.
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Boskovic, Irena, Harald Merckelbach, Thomas Merten, Lorraine Hope, and Marko Jelicic. "The Self-Report Symptom Inventory as an Instrument for Detecting Symptom Over-Reporting." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 36, no. 5 (September 2020): 730–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000547.
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Abstract. The recently developed Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI) intends to provide an alternative approach to the detection of symptom over-reporting. Unlike other measures, the SRSI includes both non-existent symptoms (i.e., pseudosymptoms) and genuine symptoms. Previous research using the German SRSI showed that people who exaggerate their complaints over-endorse both types of symptoms. In the current simulation experiment, we tested whether the Dutch and English SRSI are effective in identifying over-reporting by comparing SRSI scores of an honest group ( n = 51) with those of two experimental simulator groups (pain, n = 54; anxiety, n = 53). The pain and anxiety simulators endorsed significantly more genuine symptoms and pseudosymptoms than honest participants (ηp2 = .50 and ηp2 = .30, respectively). Furthermore, pain and anxiety over-reporters specifically over-endorsed symptoms corresponding to their simulation instructions (Cohen’s ds > 0.77). Using the recommended cut-off score, the SRSI detected 48% of pain over-reporters and 73% of anxiety over-reporters, with areas under the curve (AUC) ranging from .88 to .91. These results indicate that the SRSI is a promising tool for identifying over-reporting, but further research with clinical samples is needed.
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Hill, Marilyn L., and Kenneth D. Craig. "Detecting deception in pain expressions: the structure of genuine and deceptive facial displays." Pain 98, no. 1 (July 2002): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00037-4.
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Craig, Kenneth D., Susan A. Hyde, and Christopher J. Patrick. "Genuine, suppressed and faked facial behavior during exacerbation of chronic low back pain." Pain 46, no. 2 (August 1991): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(91)90071-5.
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Liang, Zhenhu, Lei Cheng, Shuai Shao, Xing Jin, Tao Yu, Jamie W. Sleigh, and Xiaoli Li. "Information Integration and Mesoscopic Cortical Connectivity during Propofol Anesthesia." Anesthesiology 132, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 504–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000003015.
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Abstract Background The neurophysiologic mechanisms of propofol-induced loss of consciousness have been studied in detail at the macro (scalp electroencephalogram) and micro (spiking or local field potential) scales. However, the changes in information integration and cortical connectivity during propofol anesthesia at the mesoscopic level (the cortical scale) are less clear. Methods The authors analyzed electrocorticogram data recorded from surgical patients during propofol-induced unconsciousness (n = 9). A new information measure, genuine permutation cross mutual information, was used to analyze how electrocorticogram cross-electrode coupling changed with electrode-distances in different brain areas (within the frontal, parietal, and temporal regions, as well as between the temporal and parietal regions). The changes in cortical networks during anesthesia—at nodal and global levels—were investigated using clustering coefficient, path length, and nodal efficiency measures. Results In all cortical regions, and in both wakeful and unconscious states (early and late), the genuine permutation cross mutual information and the percentage of genuine connections decreased with increasing distance, especially up to about 3 cm. The nodal cortical network metrics (the nodal clustering coefficients and nodal efficiency) decreased from wakefulness to unconscious state in the cortical regions we analyzed. In contrast, the global cortical network metrics slightly increased in the early unconscious state (the time span from loss of consciousness to 200 s after loss of consciousness), as compared with wakefulness (normalized average clustering coefficient: 1.05 ± 0.01 vs. 1.06 ± 0.03, P = 0.037; normalized average path length: 1.02 ± 0.01 vs. 1.04 ± 0.01, P = 0.021). Conclusions The genuine permutation cross mutual information reflected propofol-induced coupling changes measured at a cortical scale. Loss of consciousness was associated with a redistribution of the pattern of information integration; losing efficient global information transmission capacity but increasing local functional segregation in the cortical network. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New
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Jeya Daisy I, Sreeja G S, Aakash S, and Arjun M4. "Labor Pain Sensing Technologies: Unveiling the Current State and Future Directions." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 2, no. 03 (March 15, 2024): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2024.0054.
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This review paper focuses on the development of the Labour pain Detector, a device designed to accurately differentiate between labor pain and false contractions during childbirth. The objective of this research is to provide a reliable and user-friendly tool that can assist healthcare professionals in identifying genuine labor pain and detecting potential complications. The paper explores the utilization of electromyography (EMG) signals and advanced signal processing techniques to analyze and interpret pain signals. By monitoring key parameters such as cervical dilation, fetal ejection, and rotation, the Labour Pain Detector aims to enable early recognition of labor difficulties, ultimately improving outcomes for both the mother and the fetus. The review concludes that the Labour pain Detector has significant potential in the biomedical field, serving as a valuable bridge between healthcare assistants and doctors, and reducing the risk of labor complications.
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Rohling, Martin L., Lyle M. Allen, and Paul Green. "Who is Exaggerating Cognitive Impairment and Who is Not?" CNS Spectrums 7, no. 5 (May 2002): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900017843.
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ABSTRACTThis chart review examined the effects of effort on neuropsychological assessment and test performance patterns among genuine and exaggerating patients, with and without neurological findings, as aids to diagnosing symptom exaggeration. The sample consisted of 561 consecutive patients involved in compensation claims. With a flexible neuropsychological test (NPT) battery, the claims were assessed over 2 days. The sample included 303 patients evaluated for traumatic brain injury, 55 patients with neurological disease, and 203 patients assessed for other conditions (eg, depression or chronic pain). An average of 38 ability measures per patient were used to generate an overall NPT domain score. Composite scores were also computed for symptom validity tests, self-report measures of psychiatric symptoms, and memory complaint inventory. Seven NPT cognitive subdomain scores were multiply regressed onto the symptom validity test composite, accounting for 45% of its total variance. Patients were also assigned to Genuine or Exaggerator groups based on symptom validity test performance. The NPT for Exaggerating patients averaged 1.43 standard deviations below that of Genuine patients, suggesting that NPT scores for most Exaggerating patients are underestimates of their true ability. Factor analysis results differed between these groups. As a result, clinicians might avoid falsely identifying genuine patients as exaggerating by incorporating their self-reports of psychiatric symptoms and memory complaints into the diagnostic process.
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Brug, E. "Surgery of the hand — a genuine specialty for ambulatory surgery." Ambulatory Surgery 1, no. 1 (March 1993): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0966-6532(93)90063-u.
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Giles, Lynton GF, and Colin M. Crawford. "Shadows of the Truth in Patients with Spinal Pain: A Review." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 42, no. 1 (February 1997): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379704200106.
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Objective: Spinal pain with or without referred pain is a major and costly health problem that can arise from many anatomical structures. Sophisticated diagnostic imaging devices cannot show some of these structures, and frequently imaging provides only a shadow of the truth. This review illustrates how symptoms may well have an organic cause that is not detectable by current methods of examination, including imaging. Method: This study reviews some histopathological findings that can be associated with spinal pain with or without referred pain but cannot be seen on imaging. Result: Some histopathological changes illustrate imaging device limitations. Conclusion: Awareness of the considerable limitations of even sophisticated imaging devices is necessary when managing patients with acute or chronic spinal pain with or without referred pain. Symptoms may well be genuine and not of psychogenic origin: a diagnosis of malingering, therefore, should not be made lightly.
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Feo, Rebecca, Frank Donnelly, Åsa Muntlin Athlin, and Eva Jangland. "Providing high-quality fundamental care for patients with acute abdominal pain." Journal of Health Organization and Management 33, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-02-2018-0037.
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Purpose Globally, acute abdominal pain (AAP) is one of the most common reasons for emergency admissions, yet little is known about how this patient group experiences the delivery of fundamental care across the acute care delivery chain. The purpose of this paper is to describe how patients with AAP experienced fundamental care across their acute care presentation, and to explicate the health professional behaviours, reported by patients, that contributed to their positive experiences. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative descriptive study, using repeated reflective interviews, was analysed thematically (n=10 patients). Findings Two themes were identified: developing genuine, caring relationships with health professionals and being informed about one’s care. Patients reported that health professionals established genuine professional–patient relationships despite the busy care environment but perceived this environment as impeding information-provision. Patients were typically accepting of a lack of information, whereas poor professional–patient relationships were seen as inexcusable. Practical implications To provide positive fundamental care experiences for patients with AAP, health professionals should establish caring relationships with patients, such as by using humour, being attentive, and acknowledging patients’ physical pain and emotional distress; and should inform patients about their care, including allowing patients to ask questions and taking time to answer those questions. Originality/value This is the first Australian study to explore the experiences of patients with AAP across the acute care delivery chain, using a novel method of repeated interviews, and to demonstrate how fundamental care can be delivered, in clinical practice, to ensure positive patient experiences.
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Baldry, Peter. "Whiplash Injuries." Acupuncture in Medicine 14, no. 1 (May 1996): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.14.1.22.
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Sites from which whiplash injury pain (acute neck sprain) may arise include myofascial trigger points (MTrPs), facet joints and the intervertebral discs. There are various methods of deactivating MTrPs; that recommended is superficial dry needling. Pain referral patterns from facet joint and MTrP nociceptors are similar, so failure to obtain appreciable pain relief from MTrP deactivation necessitates a diagnostic, fluoroscopically controlled, facet joint block. Disc pain may occur either because of damage to the innervated annulus fibrosus of an intact disc, or because of nerve root pressure when a disc ruptures. Most whiplash patients (75%) become pain free within 3–6 months. The remainder are said to have the late whiplash syndrome. This was formerly thought to be due to neuroticism or compensation seeking avarice, but it is currently considered to have a genuine organic basis. Possible causes include overlooked facet joint damage, undetected disc damage and various self perpetuating MTrP pain persisting mechanisms.
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Refai, Omar Salah, and Omar Shahir Alrashdan. "Pediatric Pain Management: Exploring the Roles of Medical Staff and Families." Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences 12, no. 01 (January 27, 2024): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2024.v12i01.005.
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Pediatric pain is a significant medical problem that can affect children, their families, and healthcare professionals. It may arise from medical disorders such as surgical procedures, accidents, and other causes. The objective of this study was to examine the current literature on advancements in pediatric pain treatment and investigate the responsibilities of healthcare professionals and families in the management of pediatric pain. The researchers conducted a comprehensive search using prominent research engines such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed. The researchers in this study conducted a comprehensive review of the relevant published literature and subsequently provided a concise summary of their findings. The findings of this study have substantiated that pediatric pain is a significant health issue that necessitates genuine and appropriate care. Nevertheless, the research has shown the emergence of many instruments that can be utilized to assess the degree of pain and effectively address it. Collectively, families play crucial roles in the administration of pediatric pain, which complements the responsibilities of medical personnel.
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Tsantoulas, Christoforos, Elizabeth R. Mooney, and Peter A. McNaughton. "HCN2 ion channels: basic science opens up possibilities for therapeutic intervention in neuropathic pain." Biochemical Journal 473, no. 18 (September 12, 2016): 2717–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20160287.
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Nociception — the ability to detect painful stimuli — is an invaluable sense that warns against present or imminent damage. In patients with chronic pain, however, this warning signal persists in the absence of any genuine threat and affects all aspects of everyday life. Neuropathic pain, a form of chronic pain caused by damage to sensory nerves themselves, is dishearteningly refractory to drugs that may work in other types of pain and is a major unmet medical need begging for novel analgesics. Hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide (HCN)-modulated ion channels are best known for their fundamental pacemaker role in the heart; here, we review data demonstrating that the HCN2 isoform acts in an analogous way as a ‘pacemaker for pain’, in that its activity in nociceptive neurons is critical for the maintenance of electrical activity and for the sensation of chronic pain in pathological pain states. Pharmacological block or genetic deletion of HCN2 in sensory neurons provides robust pain relief in a variety of animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain, without any effect on normal sensation of acute pain. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of neuropathic pain pathogenesis, and we outline possible future opportunities for the development of efficacious and safe pharmacotherapies in a range of chronic pain syndromes.
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Krysztofiak, Thomas, and John Byrne. "Unstable angina in the era of high-sensitivity troponin testing: a genuine entity and a cautionary tale." Scottish Medical Journal 63, no. 2 (March 7, 2018): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036933018760764.
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High-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays have emerged as a powerful tool in the management of patients presenting acutely to hospital with suspected cardiac chest pain. Recent guidelines emphasize the reassurance offered by low troponin concentrations early after admission. We describe a patient with known coronary artery disease, who presented with a classical history of recurrent myocardial ischaemia. High-sensitivity cardiac Troponin-I concentrations remained in the low-normal sex-specific reference range, despite serial testing on the day of admission, and despite recurrent pain with dynamic ECG changes. Urgent coronary angiography confirmed severe multi-vessel disease. He required an intra-aortic balloon pump within 24 h due to clinical instability, and had urgent coronary artery bypass surgery a few days later. This case confirms that “unstable angina” remains a genuine entity. It highlights the hazards of over-reliance on any single test and serves as a reminder of the importance of integrating tests with clinical assessment.
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Monaro, Merylin, Helios De Rosario, José María Baydal-Bertomeu, Marta Bernal-Lafuente, Stefano Masiero, Mónica Macía-Calvo, Francesca Cantele, and Giuseppe Sartori. "A model to differentiate WAD patients and people with abnormal pain behaviour based on biomechanical and self-reported tests." International Journal of Legal Medicine 135, no. 4 (March 27, 2021): 1637–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-021-02572-5.
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AbstractThe prevalence of malingering among individuals presenting whiplash-related symptoms is significant and leads to a huge economic loss due to fraudulent injury claims. Various strategies have been proposed to detect malingering and symptoms exaggeration. However, most of them have been not consistently validated and tested to determine their accuracy in detecting feigned whiplash. This study merges two different approaches to detect whiplash malingering (the mechanical approach and the qualitative analysis of the symptomatology) to obtain a malingering detection model based on a wider range of indices, both biomechanical and self-reported. A sample of 46 malingerers and 59 genuine clinical patients was tested using a kinematic test and a self-report questionnaire asking about the presence of rare and impossible symptoms. The collected measures were used to train and validate a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classification model. Results showed that malingerers were discriminated from genuine clinical patients based on a greater proportion of rare symptoms vs. possible self-reported symptoms and slower but more repeatable neck motions in the biomechanical test. The fivefold cross-validation of the LDA model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.84, with a sensitivity of 77.8% and a specificity of 84.7%.
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FELDMAN, FRED. "Unconscious Pleasures and Pains: A Problem for Attitudinal Theories?" Utilitas 30, no. 4 (April 2, 2018): 472–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820818000109.
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Ben Bramble, Dan Haybron and others have endorsed the idea that there are unconscious, or unfelt, pleasures and pains. These would be sensory experiences that are genuine pleasures or pains, but experiences of which the subject is unaware. The idea that there are such things is worthy of attention in its own right; but I am interested in this alleged phenomenon for a further reason. I am attracted to an attitudinal theory of sensory pleasure and pain. Bramble has claimed that the existence of unconscious pleasures and pains reveals that attitudinal theories cannot be true. Chris Heathwood has offered a reply on behalf of attitudinalism. I think a better reply can be provided. In this article I explain why an attitudinal theory of pleasure and pain is consistent with whatever is plausible in the ‘unconscious pleasure and pain’ phenomenon.
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Gorodzinsky, Ayala Y., Susan T. Tran, Gustavo R. Medrano, Katie M. Fleischman, Kimberly J. Anderson-Khan, Renee J. Ladwig, and Steven J. Weisman. "Parents' Initial Perceptions of Multidisciplinary Care for Pediatric Chronic Pain." Pain Research and Treatment 2012 (August 21, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/791061.
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Chronic and recurrent pain is experienced by many children and adolescents. Treatment of chronic pain using a multidisciplinary approach has been found to be effective for treatment of chronic pain. Parent satisfaction with treatment and treatment providers highly correlates to children’s treatment adherence. Parents of children treated at a multidisciplinary chronic pain clinic were interviewed following their initial appointment. Parents reported high satisfaction with treatment team members and with the treatment plan. Parents also reported appreciation of multidisciplinary structure, the high level of expertise of the team members, and the team members’ genuine interest in treating their children. This increase in satisfaction when compared to previous treatment is important since increases in satisfaction may correlate with a reduction in experiences of chronic pain. Parents reported high satisfaction with interactions with treatment team members and with the treatment plan provided for their children. Parents had appreciation of multidisciplinary team structure and the high level of expertise of the team members. This increase in satisfaction when compared to treatment from previous providers is important since increases in satisfaction may correlate with an increase in children’s treatment adherence and a reduction in experiences of chronic pain.
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Ventegodt, Søren, and Joav Merrick. "Clinical Holistic Medicine: Chronic Pain in Internal Organs." Scientific World JOURNAL 5 (2005): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2005.27.
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Holistic medicine seems to be efficient in the treatment of chronic pain in internal organs, especially when the pain has no known cause. It is quite surprising that while chronic pain can be one of the toughest challenges in the biomedical clinic, it is often one of the simplest things to alleviate in the holistic clinic. These pains are regarded as being caused by repressed emotions and are explained as psychosomatic reactions. Using holistic medicine, the patients can often be cured of their suffering when they assume responsibility for the repressed feelings. The holistic process theory of healing states that the return to the natural (pain free) state of being is possible whenever the person obtains the resources needed for existential healing. This shift is explained by the related quality of life and life mission theories. The resources needed are “holding” or genuine care in the dimensions of awareness, respect, care, acknowledgment, and acceptance with support and processing in the dimensions of feeling, understanding, and letting go of negative attitudes and beliefs. The preconditions for the holistic healing to take place are “love” and trust. Obtaining the full trust of the patient, therefore, seems to be the biggest challenge of holistic medicine, especially when dealing with a patient in pain.
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Zaidi, Asif S. H., and Ian F. Russell. "Is Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation a Realistic Surrogate for Genuine Surgical Stimulation During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery?" Anesthesia & Analgesia 100, no. 5 (May 2005): 1477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000156219.47961.74.
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Knabl, Julia, Ulrike B. Zeilhofer, Florence Crestani, Uwe Rudolph, and Hanns Ulrich Zeilhofer. "Genuine antihyperalgesia by systemic diazepam revealed by experiments in GABAA receptor point-mutated mice." Pain 141, no. 3 (February 2009): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2008.10.015.
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Lautenbacher, Stefan, Teena Hassan, Dominik Seuss, Frederik W. Loy, Jens-Uwe Garbas, Ute Schmid, and Miriam Kunz. "Automatic Coding of Facial Expressions of Pain: Are We There Yet?" Pain Research and Management 2022 (January 11, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6635496.
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Introduction. The experience of pain is regularly accompanied by facial expressions. The gold standard for analyzing these facial expressions is the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), which provides so-called action units (AUs) as parametrical indicators of facial muscular activity. Particular combinations of AUs have appeared to be pain-indicative. The manual coding of AUs is, however, too time- and labor-intensive in clinical practice. New developments in automatic facial expression analysis have promised to enable automatic detection of AUs, which might be used for pain detection. Objective. Our aim is to compare manual with automatic AU coding of facial expressions of pain. Methods. FaceReader7 was used for automatic AU detection. We compared the performance of FaceReader7 using videos of 40 participants (20 younger with a mean age of 25.7 years and 20 older with a mean age of 52.1 years) undergoing experimentally induced heat pain to manually coded AUs as gold standard labeling. Percentages of correctly and falsely classified AUs were calculated, and we computed as indicators of congruency, “sensitivity/recall,” “precision,” and “overall agreement (F1).” Results. The automatic coding of AUs only showed poor to moderate outcomes regarding sensitivity/recall, precision, and F1. The congruency was better for younger compared to older faces and was better for pain-indicative AUs compared to other AUs. Conclusion. At the moment, automatic analyses of genuine facial expressions of pain may qualify at best as semiautomatic systems, which require further validation by human observers before they can be used to validly assess facial expressions of pain.
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Linde, M., A. Mellberg, and C. Dahlöf. "The Natural Course of Migraine Attacks. A Prospective Analysis of Untreated Attacks Compared with Attacks Treated with a Triptan." Cephalalgia 26, no. 6 (June 2006): 712–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2006.01097.x.
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This study was designed to document prospectively and explore scientifically the natural course of untreated migraine attacks in detail. A new, integrated, time-intensity method for self-assessment of the intensity of symptoms was tested on 18 adult International Headache Society migraineurs who volunteered to refrain from treatment during one attack. The area under the curves (AUC) during 72 h of untreated attacks was compared with attacks treated with a triptan. Migraine attacks are heterogeneous both inter- and intra-individually. In untreated attacks, the pain can stabilize and fluctuate around a plateau with a wavelength of hours. In general, the symptoms of each separate migraine attack follow a similar temporal course, with only moderate deviations. In some cases photo- and/or phonophobia (hyperexcitability) were not experienced at all, despite severe pain and nausea. Moreover, there was sometimes no nausea despite severe pain and hyperexcitability. Vomiting does not always correlate to the intensity of nausea and is not always followed by decreased headache intensity. Treatment with a triptan usually only temporarily distorts the basic pattern of attacks. Hyperexcitability can respond before pain to treatment. These genuine findings of the classic symptoms of migraine attacks support the notion of a mutual underlying pathophysiological mechanism.
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Marschall, Henrik, Axel Forman, Sigrid Juhl Lunde, Ulrik Schiøler Kesmodel, Karina Ejgaard Hansen, and Lene Vase. "Is laparoscopic excision for superficial peritoneal endometriosis helpful or harmful? Protocol for a double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled, three-armed surgical trial." BMJ Open 12, no. 11 (November 2022): e062808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062808.
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IntroductionPlacebo-controlled surgical designs are recommended to ascertain treatment effects for elective surgeries when there is genuine doubt about the effectiveness of the surgery. Some elective surgeries for pain have been unable to show an effect beyond sham surgery, suggesting contributions from contextual factors. However, the nature of contextual factors in elective surgery is largely unexplored. Further, methodological difficulties in placebo-controlled surgical trials impact the ability to estimate the effectiveness of a surgical procedure. These include an overall lack of testing the success of blinding, absence of comparison to a no-surgery control group and dearth of test for neuropathic pain.For women with peritoneal endometriosis, there is uncertainty regarding the pain-relieving effect of surgery. Surgery may put patients at risk of complications such as postsurgical neuropathic pain, without guarantees of sufficient pelvic pain relief. The planned placebo-controlled trial aims to examine the effect of surgery on pelvic pain, widespread pain and neuropathic pain symptoms in women with peritoneal endometriosis, and to test the contribution of contextual factors to pain relief.Methods and analysisOne hundred women with peritoneal endometriosis will be randomised to either diagnostic laparoscopy with excision of endometrial tissue (active surgery), purely diagnostic laparoscopy (sham surgery) or delayed surgery (no-surgery control group). Outcomes include pelvic pain relief, widespread pain, neuropathic pain symptoms and quality of life. Contextual factors are also assessed. Assessments will be obtained at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 months postrandomisation. Mixed linear models will be used to compare groups over time on all outcome variables.Ethics and disseminationThe trial is approved by the Regional Ethics Committee in the Central Denmark Region (1-10-72-152-20). The trial is funded by a PhD scholarship from Aarhus University, and supported by a grant from ‘Helsefonden’ (20-B-0448). Findings will be published in international peer-reviewed journals and disseminated at international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT05162794.
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Karaboue, Karidia. "Headaches: A Gendered Illness." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Comprehensive Research 2, no. 6 (2023): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54660/ijmcr.2023.2.6.65-67.
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Headaches are not a symptom but a neurological disorder which mainly affects females and is the human race’s third most frequent and second most disabling illness, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). Headaches are the epitome of chronic pain in females during their peak years of life. Those who are prone to this disorder suffer not only physically during an acute headache attack with its resulting incapacitating effects but also because of the anguish associated with the onset of new attacks. Its lack of 'social' recognition as a genuine, severe and incapacitating pathology is a further aggravation for those who experience this condition.
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Conner, Andrew K., Kar-Ming Fung, Jo Elle G. Peterson, Chad A. Glenn, and Michael D. Martin. "Ectopic ganglion in cauda equina: case report." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 24, no. 6 (June 2016): 937–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.11.spine141304.
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Macroscopic ectopic or heterotopic ganglionic tissue within the cauda equina is a very rare pathological finding and is usually associated with spinal dysraphism. However, it may mimic genuine neoplasms of the cauda equina. The authors describe a 29-year-old woman with a history of back pain, right leg pain, and urinary incontinence in whom imaging demonstrated an enhancing mass located in the cauda equina at the L1–2 interspace. The patient subsequently underwent biopsy and was found to have a focus of ectopic ganglionic tissue that was 1.3 cm in greatest dimension. To the authors' knowledge, ectopic or heterotopic ganglionic tissue within the cauda equina in a patient without evidence of spinal dysraphism has never been reported. This patient presented with imaging and clinical findings suggestive of a neoplasm, and an open biopsy proved the lesion to be ectopic ganglionic tissue. The authors suggest that ectopic ganglionic tissue be added to the list of differential diagnoses of a space-occupying lesion arising from the cauda equina.
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Rahmadeni, Asfri Sri, and Rika Astria Rishel. "Pengaruh Massage Jahe Merah Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Osteoarthritis Lutut Pada Lansia." Jurnal Ners 7, no. 2 (July 24, 2023): 1014–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/jn.v7i2.16509.
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Elderly is a term used to describe a group of people who have reached the end of their lives and are experiencing a decline in their capacity to perform basic bodily functions, which can lead to a variety of health issues. One of them is the prevalence of joint disorders, which ranks third among various non-communicable diseases that affect the elderly (51.9 percent). The goal of this study was to see if red ginger massage could reduce pain intensity in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis. The sample in this study was 6 senior persons, and it was an analytic study with a genuine experimental design and a pretest-posttest control group technique. The average amount before receiving red ginger massage was 2.80 in the treatment group and 2.87 in the control group, with the pain scale in both groups being the same in moderate discomfort. The aftereffects of a red ginger massage The average number in the treatment group was 1.87 on a mild pain scale, while the average number in the control group was 2.87 on a moderate pain scale because no therapy was given. In the intervention group, the paired T Test revealed a significant difference in the average value of pain reduction before and after delivering red ginger massage to the elderly, with p = 0.000 (p = 0.05). The elderly's discomfort was lessened after just one week of intervention. The elderly, it is hoped, will be able to do so in the future.
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Grevel, Sylvia. "In dialoog met tragiek en vergankelijkheid." Religie & Samenleving 12, no. 2/3 (October 1, 2017): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54195/rs.12121.
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In times of tragedy and confrontations with mortality chaplains and other spiritual care professionals can help those who suffer to bear the chaos and pain. With the use of art in all its diversity they offer a space in which people can experiment with their experiences and emotions in the complex transformation caused by, and as a result from, grief. Imbued with by the personal tragedy of losing both partner and mother at the same time the essay shows the need for genuine health care professionals as a girder in the mourning-dialogue so those who suffer can come home to themselves and find a roof after a longer period of having been metaphorically homeless.
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Sujata S, Bahirat, Paranjape Meera M, Paranjape Madhukar H, and Chaudhari Manojkumar V. "A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF UDAVARTA YONI-VYAPAT (DYSMENORRHOEA)." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 11, no. 6 (June 21, 2023): 1406–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj3211062023.
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The majority of gynaecological issues have been referred to as Yoni vyapat in classical Ayurvedic literature. A comprehensive comprehension of menstruation diseases requires a grasp of the idea of yonivyapat (gynaecological disorders), while some menstrual illnesses, such as asrigdara (menorrhagia), etc. have been discussed independently. Twenty different gynaecological illnesses, known as yoni-vyapat in Ayurveda, have been described. Reviewing relevant quotations from the past demonstrates that vitiated vata dosha is the root cause of dysmenorrhea or udavarta yoni-vyapat. The dysmenorrhea (udavarta yoni-vyapat) traditionally described fits all kinds of dysmenorrhea. According to Charaka's explanation, udavarta yoni-vyapat (gynaecological illnesses) are similar to spasmodic or genuine dysmenorrhoea if the pain sensation is rapidly resolved after monthly blood discharge.
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Jerome, John. "Treatment Outcomes after Combination Interventional and Cognitive Motivational Counseling on Analgesic Medication Use in Patients with Chronic Spine Pain." May 2015 3;18, no. 3;5 (May 14, 2015): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2015/18/287.
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Background: Pain interventionists can interrupt pain through anesthetic blockade of neural transmission to virtually any part of the body. Temporary pain relief can be achieved by the direct application of targeted anesthetic. Diagnostically, nerve blocks help identify specific pain generators, refine differential diagnosis, and disrupt the neural transmission mechanisms to stop pain generation peripherally. Objective: This study of patients with chronic spine pain was conducted to test the hypothesis that decreasing pain through interventional techniques coupled with cognitive motivational counseling can be highly effective in reducing chronic pain interference, reliance on prescription opioids, and enhancing overall function and quality of life. Study Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: Rehabilitation center. Methods: Patients: This study involved a retrospective cohort of 78 consecutive patients with spine pain that underwent interventional procedures and cognitive motivational counseling, as well as a comparison group of 77 consecutive patients that underwent interventional procedures only. Outcome Measures: Pain intensity (DoD VAS), Functional capacity (DoD SS), Global Appraisal (PGIC), Pain site measurement (Drawing), and prescription medication use questionnaires were administered at initial evaluation and after treatment. Pre- and post-treatment changes were compared using paired t-tests. Chi-squared analysis was performed pre- and post-treatment for medication use. Results: The pre- and post-treatment scores for pain intensity, function, and global appraisal demonstrated significant response to treatment (P < 0.001) for the combined interventional and cognitive motivational group (P < 0.001) and the interventional only group (P < 0.05). Compared to initial intake, opioid (P < 0.01), benzodiazepine (P < 0.01), muscle relaxant (P < 0.05), and antidepressant/antianxiolytic (P < 0.05) use only decreased for the combined interventional and cognitive motivational group. Limitations: This is a retrospective study using medical records and patient self-reported symptoms with possible missed coding and no true random selection, assignment, or genuine control group comparison. Conclusion: This study’s results support the hypothesis that a combined interventional and cognitive motivational counseling treatment program can be effective in decreasing spine pain, reducing prescription pain medication use, and improving overall quality of life in chronic spine pain patients. Key words: Spine pain, interventional pain procedures, cognitive motivational counseling, analgesic medication
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Thirunavukarasu, V., T. Carter, A. Dezso, and C. Holland. "Post-aural ache: an unusual presentation of a metastatic temporal bone lesion from a primary adenocarcinoma of the lung." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 10 (October 2013): 1017–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215113002120.
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AbstractObjective:We report a rare case of temporal bone metastasis from a lung primary, presenting only as post-aural tenderness.Case report:A 57-year-old man presented to our out-patient department with left post-aural pain of four months' duration. Clinical examination revealed tenderness in the left post-aural region; the ear, nose and throat examination was otherwise unremarkable. Computed tomography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed erosion of the left petrous temporal bone. Incisional biopsy was carried out. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis showed infiltrative metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung. Further imaging with positron emission tomography confirmed increased uptake from the right lower lobe of the lung, suggesting the site of the primary lesion. The patient was treated with chemo-radiotherapy.Conclusion:Post-aural pain is a non-specific symptom, and, with normal clinical and audiometric test results, rare lesions such as the one presented could be easily missed. A thorough clinical examination must be performed to identify genuine signs, and appropriate imaging undertaken to exclude rare causes, such as this metastatic lesion of the temporal bone.
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D’Mello, Sidney, Arvid Kappas, and Jonathan Gratch. "The Affective Computing Approach to Affect Measurement." Emotion Review 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754073917696583.
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Affective computing (AC) adopts a computational approach to study affect. We highlight the AC approach towards automated affect measures that jointly model machine-readable physiological/behavioral signals with affect estimates as reported by humans or experimentally elicited. We describe the conceptual and computational foundations of the approach followed by two case studies: one on discrimination between genuine and faked expressions of pain in the lab, and the second on measuring nonbasic affect in the wild. We discuss applications of the measures, analyze measurement accuracy and generalizability, and highlight advances afforded by computational tipping points, such as big data, wearable sensing, crowdsourcing, and deep learning. We conclude by advocating for increasing synergies between AC and affective science and offer suggestions toward that direction.
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Neubauer, John. "Voices from Exile: A Literature for Europe?" European Review 17, no. 1 (February 2009): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709000611.
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Exile, for all of its pain and suffering, has offered European writers a way to step out of their national linguistic and cultural environment. Did exiled writers make use of this opportunity, and start writing a ‘literature for Europe’? By no means all did; many of them sealed themselves off in order to maintain the purity of their mother tongue, while others ‘opened up’ and adjusted to the culture of their host country, often even by adopting its language for their writing. Considering these questions, Pascale Casanova’s La République mondiale des lettres1 is of great help, although her models are Joyce, Beckett, and other writers, who were not exiles in a literal sense. Many ‘genuine’ exiles retained the national mentality of their youth.
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Ban, Jaeyu. "Modern Medicine and Phantom Pain." Korean Medical Education Review 13, no. 1 (June 30, 2011): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17496/kmer.2011.13.1.025.
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Modern medicine has early experienced the absence of mimesis and has been trying to replace the absence with objective grounds and experimental data. However, as medicine became science, the crisis of medicine spread more widely. Microscopic powers and violences are invisible, but individuals are powerless and vainly unable to resist. The anguish or introspection about the situation is sometimes described in stories such as An Engagement by Lee Eung Jun. An Engagement is mentioned in this article due to the writer’s attitude, which shows his introspection and desire for harmony through the wounds of each trivial character. The writer is unceasingly talking about suffering people in his story and his seriousness enables readers to find his stronger sympathy over life and death than in any other medical stories. In fact, it is impossible for readers to comprehend the confusing propositions which the writer pours out, and even uncomfortable to read the story. Nevertheless, the propositions are always in contact with reality. Perhaps it is not the writer’s confusing propositions that make us uncomfortable. It might be ourselves who are always alienated and starved. We can say that the characters’ pains and wounds are phantom pains caused by the absence of mimesis. Since there is no affected area, their pains cannot be measured by only scientific medicine. However, the current medical profession regards objective research evidences as absolute truth and allows them to be the sole criterion. Although scientific skills such as DNA analysis and MRI scan can be the substitutes for doctors’ judgment, so much of medicine is still interpersonal relationships. An Engagement. As a person promises to marry another, as all beings together in the world promise to subordinate to one another, every subject is consistently a valuable part of each other for the writer’s eyes. He is aware that it is originally impossible to get engaged to the world, but he does not give up the possibility of genuine communication. In today’s post-modernism society, where a large number of pathological views define the members and the world itself, endless questioning of existence and digging into pathology will be the only way to reduce the gap between individuals and their world. This article does not say that a literary work will lead the change of medical paradigm. It sprang from a desire for medical humanities to gain more interest of the medical field, where the encounter between literature and medicine is still unfamiliar, and to make medical education recognize the importance of humanities. Starting with this work, I believe that the humanities will help us to find the solution to the age of absence of mimesis and to the crisis of medicine.
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Papadaki (Λίνα Παπαδάκη), Lina. "Σοπενχάουερ περί Θανάτου και Αυτοκτονίας." Bioethica 6, no. 2 (September 25, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bioeth.24835.
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Schopenhauer is portrayed as the philosopher of pessimism, and for good reason. For him, life is suffering where ‘ultimately death must triumph’ (The World as Will and Representation vol. I, 311). However, his pessimism fades away when he contemplates death. He argues enthusiastically that, far from being an evil, death is in fact a friend we should welcome. Moreover, he believes it is possible for human beings to use their knowledge to fight the fear of death. Interestingly, however, at the point where the reader expects a philosophical defense of suicide, Schopenhauer vehemently argues against it. Suicide to avoid pain and suffering, according to him, is a mistake, a futile, foolish and egoistic act. Not only does suicide not offer a genuine solution to suffering, but also it hinders true salvation, the denial of the will.In this paper, I argue that Schopenhauer’s condemnation of suicide is in fact at odds with his views on death and can weaken his argumentation about why we must not fear death. It is my belief that Schopenhauer’s views on suicide stem - quite ironically - from his being, at times, overly optimistic about the possibility of genuine salvation. When it comes to freeing ourselves from the will, however, we are better off pessimists. This, I explain, will allow us to at least keep our optimism regarding death and find solace in the knowledge that - be it by old age, illness, accident, suicide or any other cause - death is not to be feared.
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Eissa, Moustafa K., Tarun Ghosh, and Mohie ElKhadem. "Audit of histopathological specimens of laparoscopic hysterectomy at Noble's hospital, IOM." MOJ Women s Health 12, no. 1 (April 20, 2023): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojwh.2023.12.00311.
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Objective: It aimed to determine the incidence of different pathology among the hysterectomy specimens and to correlate that with the clinical picture of patients' presentation. Design: A retrospective study, it is the first audit of histopathological findings of laparoscopic hysterectomy specimens at Noble's Hospital. Methods: It included 101 consequent specimens of laparoscopic hysterectomies done at the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Noble’s hospital between 2017 and 2020. The clinical picture of patients and the histopathological findings of samples were recorded and analysed. The histopathological diagnosis divided the specimens into seven groups, no pathology, adenomyosis, adenomyosis and leiomyoma, leiomyoma, adenomyosis and endometriosis, endometriosis and malignancy. The clinical picture included all types of bleeding as menorrhagia, post coital bleeding, intermenstrual bleeding and perimenopausal bleeding, all types of pain as dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, lower abdominal pain and colicky pain. Histopathological findings include gross picture and microscopic analysis of endometrium and myometrium as well as the uterine weight. Results: Adenomyosis alone or with other pathology was the commonest finding (54.5%) while adenomyosis as a sole pathology was found in 22.8%. It was significantly higher than figures reported from the UK and worldwide. Incidence of fibroid as a sole pathology or in combination with other pathology was 44.6%, this was compatible with results reported before. The pain was not associated with adenomyosis in this study. The bleeding was the presenting symptom of both adenomyosis and fibroids. Conclusion: The higher incidence of adenomyosis among this specimen and the absence of pain as a presenting symptom may be a genuine finding but most probably indicate the specimen included a larger number of mild and early presentations. It will be useful to do a prospective study of a larger number to correlate the degree of the invasion of the adenomyosis to the myometrium to the clinical picture.
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Saleem, Huma, and Almas Iqbal. "The scam of the research world: the predatory practices." Anaesthesia, Pain & Intensive Care 26, no. 4 (August 15, 2022): 430–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35975/apic.v26i4.1943.
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The authors have highlighted the ever-spreading menace of fake research and predatory journalism in the medicine. The lack of incentives and facilities for genuine research, coupled with compulsion to publish a minimum number of papers for promotions, have forced the authors to adopt the short-cut and choose the journals, which are willing to publish for money, without rigorous peer-review. This tendency can only be curtailed by strict adherence to the rules already set by international agencies.
Key words: Access to Information; Authorship; Editorial Policies; Fraud; Open Access Publishing / standards; Peer Review; Scientific Misconduct
Citation: Saleem H, Iqbal A. The scam of the research world: the predatory practices. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(4):430-432; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i4.1943
Received: June 14, 2022; Reviewed: June 22, 2022; Accepted: July 06, 2022
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Hu, Ni-juan, Yu-qi Liu, Min-yi Zhao, Pei Wang, Gui-wen Wu, Shang-qing Hu, Jun-jun Sun, et al. "Influence of the Intensity, Components, and Spreading of the Deqi Sensation on the Analgesic Effect of SP6 Needling in Primary Dysmenorrhea Patients: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (May 16, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6462576.
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Although deqi, the phenomenon whereby excitation of Qi in the meridians occurs with needling, is critical to the practice of acupuncture and its efficacy, it is poorly understood. So we investigate the influence of the deqi sensation on the analgesic effects of acupuncture in patients who were enrolled in a randomised controlled trial for the treatment of patients with primary dysmenorrhea, a painful and common condition, and cold and dampness stagnation. Two groups were assessed: a deqi group (undergoing deep needling with thick needles and manipulation, n=17) and a non-deqi group (undergoing shallow needling with thin needles and no manipulation, n=51). The Sanyinjiao (SP6) was needled for 30 min in both groups. Pain scores at baseline, upon needle removal, and at 10, 20, and 30 min after needle removal were evaluated by the Visual Analogue Scale for pain. The deqi sensation was evaluated by the Acupuncture Deqi Clinical Assessment Scale. Patients who experienced a genuine deqi sensation (n=39) were selected for further analysis. Compared with patients in the non-deqi group who experienced deqi (n=25), patients who self-reported deqi in the deqi group (n=14) felt a stronger deqi sensation, experienced soreness and fullness more frequently, felt a greater intensity of soreness, fullness, electric sensation, spreading, and radiating, and experienced larger spreading distances. In those who experienced the deqi sensation in the deqi group, the intensity of the sensation, as well as their degree of soreness and fullness, was negatively correlated with pain reduction. In patients who experienced the deqi sensation in the non-deqi group, deqi intensity was positively correlated with pain reduction, while soreness was negatively correlated with pain reduction. The distance of spreading was not correlated with pain reduction in either group. We found, in SP6 needling of patients with primary dysmenorrhea with cold and dampness stagnation, that a moderate deqi response predicted a prolonged analgesic effect better than a strong deqi response.
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Febriandika, Nur Rizqi, Jajang Nurzaman, and Muhammad Reynaldi Ariananda Arkiang. "Potential Fraud on Online Auction Business Via Instagram: Overview of Islamic Law and Indonesian Statutory Law." Varia Justicia 18, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/variajusticia.v18i1.6640.
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This study aims to discuss the potential problem of auction fraud carried out by the @xxx Instagram account in terms of Islamic law and Indonesian law. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, through a normative juridical approach, and is complemented by the results of observations and interviews with sources. The results of this study indicate some indications of fraud. First, the seller creates a fake account and colludes with his friend to make a fake offer. Second, the seller who entrusted the goods to the @xxx Instagram account did not send the goods to the auction winner. Third, the seller of the @xxx Instagram account sells goods by mixing genuine and fake products. It is contrary to Islamic law, which prohibits any intentional fraudulent activity. Of the several acts of fraud committed by the perpetrators, they can be subject to Article 28 of the 2016 ITE Law, Article 378 of the Criminal Code, Law no. 20 of 2016 concerning Brands and Geographical Indications, Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions, and Article 16 of Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection.
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Wibowo, Arif Ardy. "Publication trends related to Uses and Gratification Theory on social media." International Journal of Communication and Society 4, no. 2 (December 23, 2022): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31763/ijcs.v4i2.789.
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This analysis aims to analyze publication trends related to the Uses and Gratification Theory and social media in Scopus Journal Articles from 2019-2021. The Uses and Gratification Theory analyzes the genuine social and psychological needs that generate expectations for social media use. Nearly 50 years after, the Uses and Gratification Theory in today’s research is often used in social media. According to the result, most Uses and Gratification Theory articles came from the USA, followed by China, the United Kingdom, Malaysia, and India. Meanwhile, the top five most used keywords are social media (n=130), uses and gratifications (n=68), uses and gratifications theory (n=41), Facebook(n=26), and uses and gratification theory (n=18). To conclude, these number shows the trends of publication related to Uses and Gratification Theory, mostly about social media spanning from 2019-2021. Facebook is the social media most often mentioned, but in the future, Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok, as younger media, could be used as an alternative research object. It also suggested the theme of fake news and its spread, entertainment satisfaction, the rise of mobile entertainment today, and artificial intelligence in media use.
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Elander, James, Joanne Lusher, David Bevan, Paul Telfer, and Bernice Burton. "Understanding the causes of problematic pain management in sickle cell disease: evidence that pseudoaddiction plays a more important role than genuine analgesic dependence." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 27, no. 2 (February 2004): 156–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2003.12.001.
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Nieft, Jared Kenrick. "The Voice That Crieth in the Wilderness: F. W. J. Schelling and Toni Morrison’s Primordial Longing." Journal for the History of Modern Theology / Zeitschrift für Neuere Theologiegeschichte 25, no. 1-2 (May 25, 2018): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znth-2018-0004.
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Abstract This paper explores the relationship between Toni Morrison’s 1987 novel, Beloved, and F. W. J. Schelling’s 1813 draft of Ages of the World (Die Weltalter). It shows that Die Weltalter, contrary to much recent scholarship, which often stresses the many ways Schelling anticipated the antimetaphysical trends of post-Hegelian thought, should be first approached as a genuine attempt tobe faithful to the event of first creation and time’s “indivisible remainders”. The paper will show that Schelling’s “indivisible remainders”, the forgotten and “disremembered” of history, force his thought to the limits of Romantic and idealist reflection and toward the traumatic encounters of Beloved. Morrison’s depiction of the irrepressible longing for life and recognition amid the pain and ugliness of American slavery parallels Schelling’s efforts to understand the tremendous need for life and fellowship that first urged god toward creation, when primordial longing was overcome in a child and a god entered time.