Academic literature on the topic 'Genotype VII'
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Journal articles on the topic "Genotype VII"
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Xiang, Bin, Libin Chen, Juncheng Cai, Jianpeng Liang, Qiuyan Lin, Chenggang Xu, Chan Ding, Ming Liao, and Tao Ren. "Insights into Genomic Epidemiology, Evolution, and Transmission Dynamics of Genotype VII of Class II Newcastle Disease Virus in China." Pathogens 9, no. 10 (October 13, 2020): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9100837.
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Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is distributed worldwide and has caused significant losses to the poultry industry. Almost all virulent NDV strains belong to class II, among which genotype VII is the predominant genotype in China. However, the molecular evolution and phylodynamics of class II genotype VII NDV strains in China remained largely unknown. In this study, we identified 13 virulent NDV including 11 genotype VII strains and 2 genotype IX strains, from clinical samples during 1997 to 2019. Combined NDV sequences submitted to GenBank, we investigate evolution, and transmission dynamics of class II NDVs in China, especially genotype VII strains. Our results revealed that East and South China have the most genotypic diversity of class II NDV, and East China might be the origin of genotype VII NDVs in China. In addition, genotype VII NDVs in China are presumably transmitted by chickens, as the virus was most prevalent in chickens. Furthermore, codon usage analysis revealed that the F genes of genotype VII NDVs have stronger adaptation in chickens, and six amino acids in this gene are found under positive selection via selection model analysis. Collectively, our results revealed the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of genotype VII NDVs in China, providing important insights into the epidemiology of these viruses in China.
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Mennen, Louise I., Moniek P. M. de Maat, Evert G. Schouten, Cornelis Kluft, Paulus T. V. M. de Jong, Albert Hofman, and Diederick E. Grobbee. "Coagulation Factor VII, Serum-Triglycerides and the R/Q353 Polymorphism: Differences between Older Men and Women." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 78, no. 03 (1997): 0984–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1657672.
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SummaryCoagulation factor VII activity (FVIIC) is a risk indicator for cardiovascular disease. It is related to serum-triglycerides and the R/Q353 polymorphism (alleles R and Q) in the gene coding for factor VII is strongly associated with factor VII. The association of serum- triglycerides with factor VII may differ between the genotypes, but the results of earlier studies were inconsistent and did not include older people. We studied FVII, triglycerides and the R/Q353 polymorphism in the Rotterdam Study.In 1158 older subjects (489 men and 669 women) FVIIC, factor VII: Chr, serum-triglycerides and the R/Q353-genotype were determined.In women triglycerides were positively associated with FVIIChr and FVIIC (FVIIChr: β = 12.4 % PP/mmol/L, CI: 10.3-14.5; FVII:C: β = 13.1% PP/mmol/L, CI: 10.4-15.8). These associations varied by genotype (FVII:Chr: RR: β = 11.7, CI: 9.6-13.8, RQ/QQ: β = 7.9, CI: 4.6-11.2; FVII:C: RR: β = 12.5, CI: 9.5-15.5, RQ/QQ: β = 6.4, CI: 1.4-11.4).In men, the associations of FVII:Chr and FVII:C with triglycerides were weaker (FVII:Chr: β = 5.9, CI: 4.1-7.7; FVII:C: β = 8.7, CI: 6.2-11.2). There was no difference between the genotype groups.These results suggest that only in older women the strength of the association of factor VII with serum-triglycerides varies according to genotype of the R/Q353 polymorphism.
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Sultan, Hesham A., Wael K. Elfeil, Ahmed A. Nour, Laila Tantawy, Elsayed G. Kamel, Emad M. Eed, Ahmad El Askary, and Shaimaa Talaat. "Efficacy of the Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII.1.1-Matched Vaccines in Commercial Broilers." Vaccines 10, no. 1 (December 27, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010029.
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Class II genotype VII Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) are predominant in the Middle East and Asia despite intensive vaccination programs using conventional live and inactivated NDV vaccines. In this study, the protective efficacies of three commercial vaccine regimes involving genotype II NDV, recombinant genotype VII NDV-matched, and an autogenous velogenic NDV genotype VII vaccine were evaluated against challenge with velogenic NDV genotype VII (accession number MG029120). Three vaccination regimes were applied as follows: group-1 received inactivated genotype II, group-2 received inactivated recombinant genotype VII NDV-matched, and group-3 received velogenic inactivated autogenous NDV genotype VII vaccines given on day 7; for the live vaccine doses, each group received the same live genotype II vaccine. The birds in all of the groups were challenged with NDV genotype VII, which was applied on day 28. Protection by the three regimes was evaluated after infection based on mortality rate, clinical signs, gross lesions, virus shedding, seroconversion, and microscopic changes. The results showed that these three vaccination regimes partially protected commercial broilers (73%, 86%, 97%, respectively, vs. 8.6% in non-vaccinated challenged and 0% in non-vaccinated non-challenged birds) against mortality at 10 days post-challenge (dpc). Using inactivated vaccines significantly reduced the virus shedding at the level of the number of shedders and the amount of virus that was shed in all vaccinated groups (G1-3) compared to in the non-vaccinated group (G-4). In conclusion, using closely genotype-matched vaccines (NDV-GVII) provided higher protection than using vaccines that were not closely genotype-matched and non-genotype-matched. The vaccine seeds that were closely related to genotype VII.1.1 provided higher protection against challenge against this genotype since it circulates in the Middle East region. Updating vaccine seeds with recent and closely related isolates provides higher protection.
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Ching, Karen Z., Tatsunori Nakano, Louisa E. Chapman, Austin Demby, and Betty H. Robertson. "Genetic characterization of wild-type genotype VII hepatitis A virus." Journal of General Virology 83, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-83-1-53.
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The complete genome sequence of the only identified genotype VII hepatitis A virus (HAV), strain SLF88, was obtained from PCR amplicons generated by a modified long PCR approach. There was 90% nucleotide identity in the 5′ untranslated region compared to other known HAV sequences. In the remainder of the genome containing the long open reading frame, there was about 85% nucleotide identity to human HAV genotypes IA and IB and 80% identity to simian HAV genotype V. Compared to HAV strain HM-175, the capsid amino acids were highly conserved, with only four homologous amino acid changes, while an increasing number of amino acid differences was seen in the P2 and P3 genome regions. While nucleotide variability within the three functional coding regions did not differ, the P3D region was found to have the largest number of amino acid changes compared to HM-175.
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Cao, Yongzhong, Zongyi Bo, Baoyang Ruan, Mengjiao Guo, Chengcheng Zhang, Xiaorong Zhang, and Yantao Wu. "Construction of Novel Thermostable Chimeric Vaccine Candidates for Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus." Viruses 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010082.
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Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) has caused a pandemic in many countries and usually causes fatal consequences in infected chickens. Although current commercial attenuated NDV vaccines can provide an ideal protection against genotype VII NDV, they cannot completely prevent the infection and viral shedding, and the genotype of some vaccine strains cannot match with the prevalent strain. In this study, in order to construct a thermostable and genotype VII-matched live attenuated vaccine, we used a thermostable genotype VIII virulent HR09 strain as the backbone and replaced its F gene with that of the genotype VII DT-2014 strain. Meanwhile, the cleavage site of F gene of DT-2014 was mutated to that of class I F protein and avirulent class II F protein, respectively. The results showed that the two chimeric viruses, designated rcHR09-CI and rcHR09-CII, shared a similar growth kinetics and thermostability with their parental HR09 strain. Mean death time (MDT) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) tests showed that the two chimeric viruses were highly attenuated. Though both chimeric NDVs and La Sota vaccine strain could provide complete protection to immunized chickens against the challenge of virulent genotype VII ZJ1 strain, the two chimeric NDVs could induce a higher level of antibody response against ZJ1 strain and could significantly reduce the viral shedding compared with La Sota vaccine strain. In conclusion, our study constructed two chimeric thermostable genotype VII-matched NDV vaccine candidates, which provided complete protection against the challenge of virulent genotype VII NDV.
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Mariani, Guglielmo, Falko Herrmann, Alberto Dolce, Angelika Batorova, Daniela Etro, Flora Peyvandi, Karin Wulff, et al. "Clinical phenotypes and factor VII genotype in congenital factor VII deficiency." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 93, no. 03 (2005): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th04-10-0650.
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SummaryTo investigate the relationship between clinical phenotype, clotting activity (FVIIc) and FVII genotype, a multi-center study of factor VII (FVII) congenital deficiency with centralized genotyping and specific functional assays was carried out. FVII mutations characterized in patients (n=313) were extremely heterogeneous (103 different, 22 novel). Clinical phenotypes ranged from asymptomatic condition, including 15 homozygotes and 14 double heterozygotes, to patients with a severe disease char-acterized by life-threatening and disabling symptoms (CNS, GI bleeding and hemarthrosis) strongly associated with an early age of presentation. Based on type and number of symptoms we classified 90 'severe' (median FVIIc 1.4%, IQR [Interquartile Range] 0.9–3.8), 83 'moderate' (FVIIc 3%, IQR 1–21.7), and 140 'mild' bleeders (FVIIc 14%, IQR 3–31). The significantly different FVIIc levels, and the decreasing prevalence of homozygotes or double heterozygotes among severe (98%), moderate (84%) and mild (56%) bleeders, further support our classification. The excess of females among moderate bleeders (female/male ratio =2.6) is attributable to menorrhagia. There was no evidence for modulation of clinical features by frequent functional polymorphisms. Homozygotes for the same mutation (Ala294Val; 11125del C) with similar FVIIc and FXa generation levels, showed striking differences in clinical phenotypes. Our study depicts the ample clinical picture of this rare disorder, proposes a severity classification and provides arguments for the early management of the disease in the severe cases. Genotype-phenotype relationships indicate the presence of major environmental and/or extragenic components modulating expressivity of FVII deficiency.
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Folsom, Aaron, Eyal Shahar, Michael Tsai, Robert Jeffery, Rena Wing, and James Pankow. "Weight-Loss Induced Changes in Plasma Factor VII Coagulant Activity and Relation to the Factor VII Arg/Gln353 Polymorphism in Moderately Obese Adults." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 79, no. 04 (1998): 784–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1615065.
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SummaryElevated plasma factor VII coagulant activity (factor VIIc) may be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease. Several cross-sectional studies suggest that a polymorphism of the factor VII gene (ArgGln353) interacts with plasma triglyceride level in determining factor VIIc, but prospective data are lacking. Factor VII genotype, factor VIIc, and triglyceride level were measured in moderately obese adults aged 25 to 45 who underwent a six-month clinical trial to evaluate strategies for weight loss. A total of 48 men and 50 women who experienced substantial weight loss (mean: 10 kg) provided samples for genetic analysis. Overall, 78% of participants were homozygous for the Arg353 allele, while the remaining 22% were heterozygous (Arg/Gln353). At the baseline examination, heterozygotes had lower mean factor VIIc than Arg353 homozygotes (92% vs. 112%; p<0.001), and genotype explained 18% of the variance of factor VIIc. Average six-month weight loss was similar in both genotypes; mean reductions in factor VIIc following weight loss were greatest among Arg353 homozygotes with high initial values (>120%). Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between plasma factor VIIc and triglyceride level were not dependent on genotype. These data confirm that the Gln353 allele is associated with lower factor VII coagulant activity in moderately obese adults, but they do not support the hypothesis that the Arg-Gln353 polymorphism interacts with plasma triglyceride level in determining factor VIIc.
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Shankarishan, Priyanka, Prasanta Kumar Borah, Giasuddin Ahmed, and Jagadish Mahanta. "Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk of Hypertension in an Indian Population." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/793040.
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Genetic variants of eNOS gene play a significant role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Many environmental factors have, also, been implicated in the aetiology of hypertension. We carried out an age-matched case-control study among adults. Hypertension was defined according to JNC-VII criteria and eNOS gene polymorphisms were determined by PCR and PCR followed by PCR-RFLP. eNOS intron 4 aa genotype (adjusted OR 6.81; 95% CI 2.29–20.25) and eNOS 894TT genotype (adjusted OR 7.84; 95% CI 2.57–23.96) were associated with the risk of hypertension. Tobacco users (either smoking/chewing or both) with eNOS intron 4 aa genotype (OR 14.00: 95% CI 1.20–163.37), eNOS 894GG genotype (OR 5.56: 95% CI 3.72–8.31), and eNOS T-786C CC genotype (OR 9.00: 95% CI 1.14–71.04) were at an increased risk of hypertension. Similarly a significant gene-environment interaction was observed between individuals consuming alcohol with eNOS intron 4 aa genotype (OR 12.00: 95% CI 1.20–143.73) and eNOS 894GG genotype (OR 1.95: 95% CI 1.35–2.81). The present study identified few susceptible genotypes of the eNOS gene with the risk of hypertension. Moreover, the interactive effects between the environmental factors and the risk of hypertension were dependent on the eNOS genotypes.
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Khader, Manar, Magdy El-Kady, and Iman Shaheed. "Viral distribution of Newcastle disease virus genotype VII in different organs of broiler chickens." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology 13, no. 2 (July 30, 2020): 510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24070/bjvp.1983-0246.v13i2p510-518.
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Lu, Ling, Karen Z. Ching, Vanessa Salete de Paula, Tatsunori Nakano, Gunter Siegl, Manfred Weitz, and Betty H. Robertson. "Characterization of the complete genomic sequence of genotype II hepatitis A virus (CF53/Berne isolate)." Journal of General Virology 85, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 2943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80304-0.
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The complete genomic sequence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) CF53/Berne strain was determined. Pairwise comparison with other complete HAV genomic sequences demonstrated that the CF53/Berne isolate is most closely related to the single genotype VII strain, SLF88. This close relationship was confirmed by phylogenetic analyses of different genomic regions, and was most pronounced within the capsid region. These data indicated that CF53/Berne and SLF88 isolates are related more closely to each other than are subtypes IA and IB. A histogram of the genetic differences between HAV strains revealed four separate peaks. The distance values for CF53/Berne and SLF88 isolates fell within the peak that contained strains of the same subtype, showing that they should be subtypes within a single genotype. The complete genomic data indicated that genotypes II and VII should be considered a single genotype, based upon the complete VP1 sequence, and it is proposed that the CF53/Berne isolate be classified as genotype IIA and strain SLF88 as genotype IIB. The CF53/Berne isolate is cell-adapted, and therefore its sequence was compared to that of two other strains adapted to cell culture, HM-175/7 grown in MK-5 and GBM grown in FRhK-4 cells. Mutations found at nucleotides 3889, 4087 and 4222 that were associated with HAV attenuation and cell adaptation in HM175/7 and GMB strains were not present in the CF53/Berne strain. Deletions found in the 5′UTR and P3A regions of the CF53/Berne isolate that are common to cell-adapted HAV isolates were identified, however.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Genotype VII"
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Boshoff, CI, ADS Bastos, LJ Gerber, and W. Vosloo. "Genetic characterisation of African swine fever viruses from outbreaks in southern Africa (1973–1999)." Veterinary Microbiology, 2007. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000793.
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African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal and economically significant disease of
domestic pigs in the southern African sub-region, where outbreaks regularly occur. Thereis anecdotal evidence suggesting that trans-boundary movement of infected animals may
have played a role in precipitating widespread outbreaks in the past, however, since the1970s outbreaks have generally been more localised, particularly in those countries where
control of animal movement is strictly regulated. The origin and relatedness of regional
ASF outbreaks was investigated here by means of a two-step genetic characterisation approach whereby p72 gene sequencing was used to delineate genotypes, prior to intragenotypic
resolution of viral relationships by central variable region (CVR)
characterisation of the 9RL ORF. In this manner, regional virus heterogeneity and
epidemiological links between outbreaks could be assessed for the first time through phylogenetic analysis of the C-terminal end of the p72 gene of viruses recovered from
domestic pig outbreaks in southern Africa between 1973 and 1999. The phylogeny
revealed the presence of 14 distinct p72 genotypes of which 6 (genotypes XVII–XXII) were considered novel. Eight of these were country-specific with the remaining six having a trans-boundary distribution. CVR products were heterogeneous in size ranging
from 377 bp to 533 bp across the 14 southern African genotypes. Within-genotype CVR
comparisons revealed the presence of a genotype XIX virus with an extended field
presence in South Africa (1985–1996) and permitted discrimination between three genotype VII viruses that were identical across the p72 gene.
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Kaser, Georg [Verfasser]. "Genotyp-Phänotyp-Korrelation beim leichten hereditären Faktor-VII-Mangel / Georg Kaser." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1043699643/34.
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Campbell, Craig Thomas. "Production of synthetic genotypes of Brassica juncea via somatic and sexual hybridization." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1993. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq23920.pdf.
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Faria, Priscila Neves. "Utilização de técnicas multivariadas na análise da divergência genética via modelo AMMI com reamostragem \"bootstrap\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11134/tde-24102012-151959/.
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Em estudos de divergência genética por métodos multivariados, a distância euclidiana é a medida de distância mais amplamente utilizada e essa distância é a mais recomendada quando as unidades de cálculos são escores de componentes principais, como é o caso da análise AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis). Tal análise permite a obtenção de estimativas mais precisas das respostas genotípicas e possibilita a análise da divergência genética por métodos aglomerativos. A análise dos modelos AMMI combina, num único modelo, componentes aditivos para os efeitos principais (genótipos e ambientes) e componentes multiplicativos para os efeitos da interação genótipos × ambientes. Os melhoristas de plantas compreendem que a interação genótipos × ambientes é de suma importância para a obtenção de variedades superiores e as estimativas de dissimilaridade atendem aos objetivos do melhorista, por quantificarem e informarem sobre o grau de semelhança ou de diferença entre pares de indivíduos. Entretanto, quando o número de indivíduos é grande, torna-se inviável o reconhecimento de grupos homogêneos pelo exame visual das estimativas de distância. Portanto, é importante proceder à análise de agrupamentos, obter dendrogramas por meio de métodos hierárquicos e posteriormente, analisar os grupos formados. A fim de determinar e classificar os grupos formados na clusterização hierárquica foram utilizados comandos específicos do programa computacional R que desenha no dendrograma os retângulos de cada grupo e os numera. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a divergência genética via modelo AMMI, utilizando-se de técnicas multivariadas e reamostragem \"bootstrap\".In studies of genetic diversity using multivariate approaches, the Euclidean distance is the most common measure used. This method is recommended when data are scores of principal components, such as in AMMI analysis (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis). The AMMI method allows obtaining more precise estimates for genotypic results and also permits the use of genetic diversity analysis by using agglomerative approaches. Furthermore, this method combines additive components for the main effects (genotypes and environments) and multiplicative components for genotypes x environment interaction effects in a unique model. Plant breeders understand the importance of genotype and environment interaction to obtain superior varieties and the dissimilarity estimation meets breeders\" objectives since it quantifies and determines the similarity or the divergence between pairs of individuals. However, when the number of individuals is large it is unfeasible to recognize the group homogeneity by using a visual analysis of the distances estimation. Therefore, is important to use cluster analysis to obtain dendograms based on hierarchical methods and then analyze the groups obtained. In order to determine and classify the obtained groups from hierarchical cluster analysis specifics commands in the R software were used which shows in the dendrogram rectangles and numbers for each group. In this way, the objective of this work was to analyze the genetic divergence through AMMI model, by using multivariate approaches and \"bootstrap\" resampling.
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Salomon, Marcus Vinicius. "Trigo: avaliação de linhagens diaplóides obtidas via cultura de anteras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-12082002-140835/.
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Avaliaram-se 36 linhagens diaplóides de trigo, obtidas via cultura de anteras in vitro oriundas de plantas híbridas, em geração F1, divididas em dois ensaios com dezoito linhagens e dois cultivares controles (IAC-24 e IAC-289), nos anos de 1999 e 2000. Cada ensaio foi instalado em dois locais do Estado de São Paulo: Ensaio I - Estações Experimentais de Agronomia de Capão Bonito (solo ácido, sem aplicação de calcário e em condição de sequeiro) e Tatuí (solo ácido, com aplicação de calcário e em condição de irrigação por aspersão) e Ensaio II - Estações Experimentais de Agronomia de Tatuí e Monte Alegre do Sul (ambos em solo ácido com aplicação de calcário e condição de irrigação por aspersão). Em cada ensaio, avaliaram-se os seguintes parâmetros: acamamento, altura da planta, ciclos da emergência ao florescimento e da emergência à maturação, produção de grãos, resistência às moléstias, comprimento da espiga e componentes de produção. Todos os genótipos foram, também, avaliados quanto à tolerância à toxicidade de alumínio, em solução nutritiva, em condição de laboratório. No Ensaio I, destacaram-se, pela produção de grãos, as linhagens 4 (2.309 kg ha -1 ) e 5 (2.319 kg ha -1 ), provenientes do cruzamento PF70402/ALD'S'//PAT72160/ALD'S'/3/PEW'S'/4/OPATA/5/IAC-60; 9 (2.150 kg ha -1 ), provinda do cruzamento MLR'S'/BUC'S'//BUC'S'/3/IAC-24, 11 (2.102 kg ha -1 ) e 12 (2.056 kg ha -1 ), oriundas do cruzamento TEPOCA/IAC-24. A 13 (JUN/GEN//IAC-24) apresentou as plantas mais baixas (53 cm). As linhagens 2, 4 e 18, originárias dos cruzamentos JUN/GEN//IAC-24,PF70402/ALD'S'//PAT72160/ALD'S'/3/PEW'S'/4/OPATA/5/IAC-60 e TEPOCA/IAC-24, revelaram, ao mesmo tempo, moderada resistência aos agentes causais da ferrugem-da-folha e da mancha-da-folha. Todos os genótipos, com exceção do cultivar IAC-289 e da linhagem 13 (JUN/GEN//IAC-24), foram considerados tolerantes a 10 mg L -1 de Al 3+ , quando avaliados em solução nutritiva. No Ensaio II, a linhagem 8 (ANA/IAC-24) e o cultivar IAC-289 apresentaram elevadas produções de grão (3.311 e 3.341 kg ha -1 respectivamente). A linhagem 13 exibiu o porte mais baixo (61 cm) entre os genótipos estudados e a 3 (ANA/IAC-24//IAC-24), mostruo, ao mesmo tempo, resistência ao agente causal da ferrugem-da-folha, moderada resistência ao agente da mancha-da-folha e imunidade ao agente causal do oídio. As linhagens 8 (ANA/IAC-24) e 14 (PF70402/ALDS//PAT72160/ ALDS/3/PEWS/4/OPATA/5/ IAC-60) mostraram elevada tolerância à toxicidade de alumínio, associada a alta produção de grãos.Thirty six dihaploid wheat lines, originated via anther culture from F1 hybrid plants were evaluated in two trials with eighteen lines plus two control cultivars (IAC-24 and IAC-289), in 1999 and 2000. Each trial was carried out in two locations of the State of São Paulo: trial I - Capão Bonito Agronomy Experiment Station (acid soil without lime application and upland condition) and Tatuí Agronomy Experiment Station (acid soil with lime application and sprinkler irrigation condition) and trial II - Monte Alegre do Sul and Tatuí Agronomy Experiment Station (both with acid soil with lime application and sprinkler irrigation condition). In each the genotypes were evaluated for lodging, plant height, cycle from emergence to flowering and from emergence to maturation, grain yield, resistance to disease, head length and yield components. All genotypes were also evaluated for aluminum toxicity tolerance, in nutrient solution, under laboratory condition. Considering trail I, the lines 4 (2.309 kg ha -1 ) and 5 (2.319 kg ha -1 ) originated from the cross PF70402/ALD'S'//PAT72160/ALD'S'/3/PEW'S'/4/OPATA/5/IAC-60, 9 (2.150 kg ha -1 ) from the cross MLR'S'/BUC'S'//BUC'S'/3/IAC-24, and the lines 11 (2.102 kg ha -1 ) e 12 (2.056 kg ha -1 ) from the cross TEPOCA/IAC-24, presented high grain yield. The line 13 (JUN/GEN//IAC-24) showed the shortest plants (53 cm). The lines 2, 4 and 18 originated from crosses JUN/GEN//IAC-24,PF70402/ALD'S'//PAT72160/ALD'S'/3/PEW'S'/4/OPATA/5/IAC-60 and TEPOCA/IAC-24, showed at the same time moderate resistance to the causal agents of leaf rust and leaf spot. All genotypes, with exception of the cultivar IAC-289 and the line 13 (JUN/GEN//IAC-24) , were considered tolerant to 10 mg L -1 Al 3+ , when evaluated in nutrient solutions. Considering trial II, the line 8 (ANA/IAC-24) and the cultivar IAC-289 presented high grain yield (3.311 e 3.341 kg ha -1 respectively). The line 3 (ANA/IAC-24//IAC-24) exhibited at the same time resistance to the causal agent of leaf rust, moderate resistance to the causal agent of leaf spot and immunity to the causal agent of powdery mildew. The lines 8 (ANA/IAC-24) and 14 (PF70402/ALDS//PAT72160/ALDS/3/PEWS/4/OPATA/5/IAC-60), also showed high tolerance to aluminum toxicity being associated to high grain yield, and so could be used in breeding programs with the objective to get cultivars for acid soils.
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González, Vivallo Francisco Andrés. "Mecanismos fisiológicos de respuesta del genotipo de vid 140 Ruggeri al déficit de hierro y la presencia de bicarbonato en la solución nutritiva." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/148003.
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Memoria para optar al título profesional de Ingeniero AgrónomoLa clorosis férrica es uno de los principales problemas nutricionales que afectan a viñedos injertados sobre portainjertos híbridos de Vitis americana establecidos en zonas calcáreas, las cuales se caracterizan por la presencia de elevados contenidos de carbonato de calcio y bicarbonatos en los suelos. El presente trabajo evalúa, a nivel fisiológico y bioquímico, las respuestas del portainjerto de vid 140 Ruggeri a la presencia de bicarbonato, en condiciones de déficit de Fe en la solución nutritiva. Plantas del genotipo 140 Ruggeri fueron crecidas en condiciones hidropónicas, con dos niveles de Fe y bicarbonato (-Fe, +Fe; 0, 10 µM de Fe; -BIC, +BIC; 0 y 5mM de KHCO 3 respectivamente). Determinaciones de crecimiento y peso de la planta, índice SPAD y clorofila, fotosíntesis y conductancia estomática, pH de la solución, actividad enzimática de raíces (PEPC, MDH, CS, NADP + −IDH) y concentración de proteínas, concentración de ácidos orgánicos en raíces y líquido xilemático fueron realizadas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el genotipo de vid 140 Ruggeri cuando es sometido a un déficit directo de Fe, responde activamente disminuyendo el crecimiento del brote y la biomasa de la parte aérea, e incrementando la concentración de ácidos orgánicos y sus enzimas de síntesis en raíces. Además, el efecto del déficit de Fe directo se manifiesta mediante una reducción en el contenido de clorofila, la fotosíntesis neta y la conductancia estomática de las hojas. Por su parte, la presencia de bicarbonato en la solución nutritiva induce una reducción en el crecimiento del tallo y las feminelas, y un incremento en la biomasa radical. Adicionalmente, la presencia de bicarbonato incrementa la concentración de clorofila foliar, y la concentración de ácido tartárico en el líquido xilemático. Los resultados confirman la probabilidad de que la presencia de bicarbonato en la solución nutritiva contribuye a mitigar el efecto del estrés en las plantas sometidas a déficit de Fe. Lo anterior se fundamenta en que, ante un déficit de Fe, las plantas cultivadas en presencia de bicarbonato muestran una menor actividad de la PEPC y concentración de ácido tartárico en raíces, asimilándose al control. Estos resultados permiten concluir que el genotipo tolerante al déficit de Fe 140 Ruggeri responde con mecanismos correspondientes a una planta de Estrategia I en condiciones limitantes de Fe. Además frente presencia de bicarbonato, presenta respuestas similares a la especie calcícola Parietaria diffusa como la reducción del crecimiento, mayor biomasa radical, y aumento de la concentración de ácidos orgánicos, sin embargo más investigaciones son necesarias para determinar con precisión el rol del bicarbonato en el metabolismo del portainjerto 140 Ruggeri.
Iron (Fe) chlorosis is one of the main nutritional disorders in vineyards grafted on Vitis americana hybrids rootstocks established in calcareous zones which are characterized by high levels of calcium carbonates and bicarbonates in the soil. The present work determine, at physiological and biochemical level, the responses of the grapevine rootstock 140 Ruggeri to the presence of bicarbonate under Fe deficiency conditions. The 140 Ruggeri plants were grown in hydroponic conditions, and were submitted to two levels of Fe and bicarbonate (-Fe, +Fe; 0, 10 µM de Fe; -BIC, +BIC; 0 y 5mM de KHCO 3, respectively). Determinations regarding the plants biomass and growth, chlorophyll content and SPAD value, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, nutrient solution pH, enzyme activity (PEPC, MDH, CS, NADP + −IDH) and protein concentration in roots and organic acids content in roots and xylem sap were done during the experiment. The results obtained indicate that the grapevine genotype 140 Ruggeri, when it was submitted to a direct Fe depletion in the nutrient solution, reacted reducing the length and biomass of the shoots, and increasing the organic acids concentration and the activity their related enzymes in roots. Moreover, Fe deficiency reduced the chlorophyll content, the net photosynthesis, and the stomatal conductance of the leaf. In addition, the presence of bicarbonate in the nutrient solution induced a reduction in the main and lateral shoots growth, and increased the root biomass. Moreover, the presence of bicarbonate increased the leaf chlorophyll content, and the tartaric acid concentration in the xylem sap. Data obtained confirm the probability that the presence of bicarbonate in the nutrient solution contributes to mitigate the stress in plants submitted to Fe deficiency. This is based on that, under Fe deficiency conditions, the plants grown under the presence of bicarbonate show a PEPC activity and tartaric acid concentration in roots similar to control plants. Such results, allow to conclude that the Fe deficiency tolerant genotype 140 Ruggeri reacts to Fe deficiency activating response mechanisms corresponding to a Strategy I plants. In addition, under the presence of bicarbonate, the genotype shows similar responses to Parietaria diffusa species, such as the growth reduction, the higher root biomass, and the root organic acids increase. However, more investigations are necessary to determine the role of bicarbonate in the 140 Ruggeri rootstock metabolism.
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Alc?ntara, Diego Coimbra. "Intera??o gen?tipo x triptofano: lisina em codornas de corte via normas de rea??o." UFVJM, 2016. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1488.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)
Objetivou-se com este estudo, caracterizar a intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente em codornas de corte, alimentadas com dietas contendo diferentes rela??es de triptofano:lisina, via normas de rea??o. Para realizar o experimento foram utilizadas duas linhagens de codornas de corte, LF1 e LF2. A ra??o fornecida no per?odo de crescimento, nascimento aos 21 dias de idade, continha uma rela??o de 0,20% de triptofano:lisina, e no per?odo final do crescimento, 22 a 35 dias, as codornas foram separadas em 5 tratamentos com as rela??es: 0,15; 0,20; 0,25; 0,30; 0,35% de triptofano:lisina. As aves foram pesadas aos 28 e 35 dias e abatidas aos 35 dias de idade. As caracter?sticas avaliadas foram os pesos pr?-abate, peso 28, peso 35, peso e rendimentos da carca?a, peito, coxa+sobrecoxa e as caracter?sticas de qualidade da carne. As an?lises foram realizadas utilizando modelos de regress?o aleat?ria considerando efeito fixo de sexo e o efeito aleat?rio gen?tico aditivo direto como fun??es das rela??es triptofano:lisina da dieta, admitindo-se homogeneidade de vari?ncia residual. Os resultados para desempenho, caracter?sticas de carca?a e caracter?sticas de qualidade da carne indicam que o coeficiente de regress?o do intercepto (b0), foi maior que o coeficiente de regress?o aleat?rio (b1). A herdabilidade e a vari?ncia gen?tica aditiva foram influenciadas pelas diferentes rela??es triptofano:lisina da dieta. Houve intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente para as caracter?sticas rendimento de carca?a, rendimento de peito e rendimento de coxa+sobrecoxa. As caracter?sticas de qualidade da carne CRA, b*, c* e H* (LF1) e CRA, PPC, L* e H* (LF2) apresentaram intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente. A intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente observada para as caracteristicas de rendimento e qualidade da carne indicam que a sele??o seja feita na rela??o triptofano:lisina em que as codornas ser?o criadas.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016.
We animed of this experiment was to characterize the genotype x environment interaction in the production of meat quails, fed diets containing different tryptophan:lysine ratios, via reaction standards. Two lines of cutting quails, LF1 and LF2, were used to perform the experiment. The feed provided in the growing period, from birth to 21 days, contained a 0.20% tryptophan:lysine ratio and in the final growth period, from 22 to 35 days of age, quails were separated into 5 treatments containing the Ratios of 0.15; 0.20; 0.25; 0.30; 0.35% tryptophan: lysine. The birds were weighed at 28 and 35 days of age and slaughtered at 35 days of age. The evaluated characteristics were the pre-slaughter weights, weight 28, weight 35, weight and yields of the carcass, breast, thigh + sobrecoxa and the quality traitsof the meat. The analyzes were performed using random regression models considering fixed sex effect and direct additive genetic random effect as functions of the tryptophan:lysine ratios of the diet, assuming homogeneity of residual variance. The results for performance, carcass traitsand meat quality traitsindicate that the regression coefficient of the intercept (b0) was higher than the random regression coefficient (b1). Heritability and additive genetic variance were influenced by the different tryptophan:lysine ratios of the diet. There was no genotype x environment interaction for the traitsof carcass yield, yield of breast and yield of thigh + overcoat. The quality traits of the meat CRA, b *, c * and H * (LF1) and CRA, PPC, L * and H * (LF2) presented genotype x environment interaction. It is possible to conclude that for yield traitsthe selection can be made in the lowest tryptophan: diet lysine ratios. For meat quality traitsthe sensitivity of the values indicates that the selection must be made in the tryptophan:lysine ratio in which the quails will be created.
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Kassi, Kondo. "Diversité génétique et sensibilité aux antifongiques d’isolats cliniques et environnementaux de Cryptococcus à Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONT3521/document.
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La cryptococcose neuroméningée (CNM) est la seconde infection opportuniste chez les patients infectés par le VIH. Il s’agit de la 4ème cause de décès dus aux maladies infectieuses en Afrique avec une mortalité annuelle de 600.000 cas. Les levures responsables appartiennent au complexe d’espèces Cryptococcus neoformans / C. gattii. Notre étude décrit, l’épidémiologie et la résistance aux antifongiques de souches environnementales et cliniques de cryptocoques en Côte d’Ivoire. Les isolats sont issus d’une file active de 1750 PVVIH et de 667 prélèvements réalisés dans l’environnement de vie des patients. Nous démontrons une grande diversité génotypique au sein de notre cohorte, la présence de plusieurs espèces de cryptocoques dans un seul prélèvement chez un même patient ainsi que dans des prélèvements issus de suivi de patients, ce qui n’avait jamais été démontré en Afrique de l’Ouest. Nous avons constaté que la récurrence de la CNM est due à des infections multiples par des souches différentes au cours du temps. Nos résultats décrivent également pour la première fois, l’isolement de cryptocoques à partir de fientes de pigeons à Abidjan. Et nous constatons que les génotypes des isolats environnementaux et cliniques sont très différents, ce qui exclut les fientes de pigeons comme source de contamination des patients dans notre échantillon. Enfin, la majorité des isolats est sensible aux antifongiques de référence mais un patient peut être contaminé par des isolats de sensibilité différenteCryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the second opportunistic infection in HIV infected patients. It is the fourth cause of death due to infectious diseases in Africa with an annual mortality of 600,000. The yeasts responsible belong to the C. neoformans / Cryptococcus gattii species complex. Our study describes epidemiology and resistance to antifungal of environmental and clinical strains of Cryptococcus in Ivory Coast. The isolates are from an active list of 1,750 patients VIH positive and 667 samples taken in the living environment of patients. We demonstrate a high genotypic diversity within our cohort and the presence of several species of Cryptococcus in one sample from the same patient as well as in samples from patients follow up, which had never been shown in West Africa. We found that the recurrent cryptococcosis is caused by multiple infections by different strains over time. Our results describe also, for the first time, the isolation of Cryptococcus from pigeon droppings from Abidjan. And we notice that, as the genotypes of environmental and clinical isolates are very different, that excludes contamination of patients by pigeon droppings. Finally, most of the isolates were susceptible to reference antifungal but a patient might be contaminated by isolates with different susceptibility
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Godoi, Débora Robert de. "Estabilidade em análise de agrupamento via modelo AMMI com reamostragem \"bootstrap\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11134/tde-13112013-143342/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma nova metodologia de interpretação da estabilidade dos métodos de agrupamento, para dados de vegetação, utilizando a metodologia AMMI e a reamostragem (bootstrap), para ganhar confiabilidade nos agrupamentos formados. Os dados utilizados são provenientes do departamento de genética da Escola Superior de Agricultura \"Luiz de Queiroz\", e visam à produtividade de soja. Primeiramente aplica-se a metodologia AMMI e então, é estimada a matriz de distâncias euclidianas - com base nos dados originais e obtidos via reamostragem (bootstrap) - para a aplicação dos métodos de agrupamento (vizinho mais próximo, vizinho mais distante, ligação média, centroide, mediana e Ward). Para a verificação da validade dos agrupamentos formados utiliza-se o coeficiente de correlação cofenética, e pelo teste de Mantel, é apresentada a distribuição empírica dos coeficientes de correlação cofenética. Os agrupamentos obtidos pelos diferentes métodos são, em sua maioria, semelhantes indicando que, em princípio, qualquer um desses métodos seria adequado para a representação. O método que apresenta resultados discrepantes em relação aos outros (tanto para os dados originais, quanto pelos dados obtidos via bootstrap) - na representação gráfica em dendrograma - é método de Ward. Este estudo é promissor na análise da validade de agrupamentos formados em dados de vegetação.The objective of this work is to propose a new interpretation methodology of clustering methods for vegetation data stability, using the AMMI and bootstrap methodology, to gain reliability in the clusters formed. The database used is from the Departament of Genetics of Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, aiming soybean yield. Firstly AMMI is applied, then the Euclidian distance matrix is estimated - based on the original data and on the acquired by the bootstrap method - for the application of clustering methods (nearest neighbor, furthest neighbor, average linkage, centroid , median and Ward). In order to assess the validity of clusters formed the cophenetic correlation coefficient is used, and the Mantel test, in order to show the empirical distribution of the cophenetic correlation coefficients. The clusters obtained by different methods are, in most cases, quite similar, indicating that in principle, any of these methods would be suitable for the representation. The method that presents discrepant results (for both the original and bootstrap method obtained data) - on the dendrogram graphical representation, compared to the others - is the Ward\'s. This study is promising in the analysis of validity of clusters formed in vegetation data.
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Jourdan, Hélène. "Variabilité des traits d'histoire de vie en populations fragmentées : stratégies de reproduction chez le Pélodyte ponctué, Pelodytes punctatus (Anoure)." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20057/document.
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La variabilité phénotypique a tendance à augmenter lorsque l'environnement est variable dans le temps ou l'espace. Cette thèse traite plus précisément de la variabilité des traits d'histoire de vie dans le cadre de populations fragmentées. En région Méditerranéenne, le Pélodyte ponctué, Pelodytes punctatus, se reproduit à la fois au printemps et en automne, en réponse aux variations temporelles de l'environnement. J'ai cherché à comprendre l'origine et les conséquences évolutives de ces stratégies de reproduction. Les deux périodes de reproduction produisent efficacement des descendants (plus en automne) et les têtards de printemps semblent souffrir de la compétition avec les têtards d'automne. Ces derniers se métamorphosent plus tôt et à une plus grande taille. Ces différences de développement ne s'expliquent pas par des différences génétiques entre des populations saisonnières. Au contraire, elles sont liées à la plasticité phénotypique et répondent à des conditions environnementales drastiquement différentes. Il semble plus favorable de se reproduire en automne. Le maintien des deux stratégies correspond à du bet-hedging ou un simple opportunisme. Par ailleurs, la fragmentation, phénomène croissant lié à l'anthropisation des milieux, diminue la taille des populations et augmente l'hétérogénéité génétique au sein d'une population. Il n'y a cependant pas de consanguinité au sein des populations étudiées mais une forte structuration en familles qui induit des associations allèles/phénotypes.Ce travail éclaire les variations de traits d'histoire de vie du Pélodyte et indique une grande plasticité phénotypique face aux variations de l'environnementPhenotypic variability tends to increase in temporally and spatially variable environments. This thesis deals with the variability of life-history traits in fragmented populations. In Mediterranean regions, Parsley frog, Pelodytes punctatus, breeds both in spring and in autumn, in response to temporal variations of its environment. I studied the origin and evolutionary consequences of its breeding strategies.Both breeding periods produce offspring (much more in autumn, though) and spring tadpoles suffer from intraspecific competition with older autumn tadpoles. Autumn laid juveniles are bigger and emerged sooner from the ponds. These developmental differences are not due to genetic differences between seasonal populations. They are explained by phenotypic plasticity in response to drastically different conditions. Even if it seems more favourable to breed in autumn, both strategies are maintained either by bet-hedging or pure opportunism.Besides, fragmentation, which increases with global changes, tends to reduce population effective size and increase genetic heterogeneity within populations. However, no inbreeding was found in the studied populations but a high family structure induced alleles/fitness correlations.Together, these results enlighten the variability of breeding strategies and larval traits in Parsley frog and indicate a high phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental variations
Books on the topic "Genotype VII"
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Borman, Andrew M. Fungal taxonomy and nomenclature. Edited by Christopher C. Kibbler, Richard Barton, Neil A. R. Gow, Susan Howell, Donna M. MacCallum, and Rohini J. Manuel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755388.003.0002.
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This chapter summarizes historical and modern approaches to fungal taxonomy, the current taxonomic standing of medically important fungi, and the implications for fungal nomenclature following the recent Amsterdam Declaration on Fungal Nomenclature, which prohibits dual nomenclature. Fungi comprise an entire kingdom, containing an estimated 1–10 million species. Traditionally, fungal identification was based on examination of morphological and phenotypic features, including the type of sexual spores they form, and method of formation, and structural features of their asexual spores. Thus, many fungi have been described and named independently several times based on either their sexual or asexual stages, resulting in a single genetic entity having multiple names. Recent molecular approaches to fungal identification have led to profound changes in fungal nomenclature and taxonomy. Certain phyla have now been disbanded, cryptic species have been identified via molecular approaches, and long-recognized species have been transferred to new genera based on genotypic comparisons.
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Keshav, Satish, and Alexandra Kent. Immunology and genetics in gastrointestinal and hepatic medicine. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0196.
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The gut has a pivotal role in immune homeostasis. It is constantly exposed to a wide array of antigens in food, and resident and consumed microorganisms. It is estimated that the number of bacterial cells in the gastrointestinal tract is tenfold greater than the number of cells in the human body. The gut needs to recognize harmful bacteria, and consequently contains the largest number of immune cells in the body. However, it must remain tolerant to commensal bacteria. Bacteria express antigens that stimulate an immunological response via the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). The GALT includes the appendix, tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and mesenteric lymph nodes. Therefore, the intestinal immune system is finely balanced between tolerance and reactivity. An example of an abnormal response that generally the individual should be tolerant to is gliadin peptides in coeliac disease. An example of excessive tolerance to an otherwise controllable infection is cryptosporidiosis, which causes diarrhoea in patients with HIV infection. The understanding of genetics in disease has progressed rapidly with the introduction of genome-wide association studies. The Welcome Trust Case Control Consortium has performed extensive research on the genetics of many illnesses, including Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, Barrett’s oesophagus, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, and primary biliary cholangitis. Although these studies have increased our understanding of the molecular basis of disease, they have had little impact on clinical management. This may change as studies associate genotype and phenotype. Several gastrointestinal diseases have an etiology based on immunological or genetic aberrations, and these immunological mechanisms and genetic mutations can be utilized for diagnostic purposes. However, there is no genetic or immunological marker that is 100% specific to a disease and, consequently, the markers are used to support clinical, histological, and/or radiological findings.
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Does Your Family Make You Smarter?: Nature, Nurture, and Human Autonomy. Cambridge University Press, 2016.
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(needs-merge-openlibrary), James R. Flynn. Does Your Family Make You Smarter?: Nature, Nurture, and Human Autonomy. Cambridge University Press, 2016.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Genotype VII"
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Nenoff, Pietro, Gudrun Wendrock-Shiga, Dirk Mechtel, Katja Schubert, Regina Jarsumbeck, Elke Lusmöller, Rudolf Stadler, et al. "Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS Genotype VII from Thailand." In Dermatophytes and Dermatophytoses, 231–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67421-2_12.
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Willet, Cali E., and Claire M. Wade. "From the Phenotype to the Genotype via Bioinformatics." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 1–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0847-9_1.
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Airey, Edward, Stephanie Portelli, Joicymara S. Xavier, Yoo Chan Myung, Michael Silk, Malancha Karmakar, João P. L. Velloso, et al. "Identifying Genotype–Phenotype Correlations via Integrative Mutation Analysis." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 1–32. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0826-5_1.
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Bagheri, Leila, Mahmoud Lotfi, and Mansour Nori. "Production of haploid embryos and plants in Iranian melon (Cucumis melo L.) through irradiated pollen-induced parthenogenesis." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 127–33. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0013.
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Abstract The irradiated pollen technique (IPT) is the most successful haploidization technique within Cucurbitaceae. The influence of gamma-ray doses (250, 350, 450 and 550 Gy), genotypes and stage of development of embryos obtained by IPT on the induction of haploid embryos were studied in several Iranian melon cultivars as well as their hybrids with alien cultivars. Female flowers were pollinated using pollen that had been irradiated with gamma rays. Different shapes and stages of embryos were excised 21-25 days after pollination and cultured on E20A medium. Direct culture, liquid culture and integrated culture methods were used; integrated culture and liquid culture methods showed advantages in increasing the efficiency of haploid plant production in melon breeding programmes. Results revealed that 550 Gy of gamma irradiation was successful in inducing parthenogenesis and fruit development, whereas lower irradiation doses were not effective in inducing haploid embryos. The percentages of embryos per seed were the highest in 'Samsoori' (1.2%) and 'Saveh' (1.1%) cultivars. Some of the heart-shaped and cotyledon-shaped embryos developed into haploid plants. In total, 52 parthenogenic melon plantlets were recovered from 274 embryos via IPT. Production of haploid embryos and haploid plants was strongly influenced by gamma-ray dose, embryo stage and genotype. Indirect methods and chromosome counting performed on the root cells of regenerated plants showed that these plants were haploid (n = x = 12).
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Matsui, Kazuhiro, and Haruo Sato. "A Comparison of Genotype Representations to Acquire Stock Trading Strategy Using Genetic Algorithms." In Transactions on Computational Science VIII, 56–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16236-7_4.
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Wang, Xiaoqian, Jingwen Yan, Xiaohui Yao, Sungeun Kim, Kwangsik Nho, Shannon L. Risacher, Andrew J. Saykin, Li Shen, and Heng Huang. "Longitudinal Genotype-Phenotype Association Study via Temporal Structure Auto-learning Predictive Model." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 287–302. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56970-3_18.
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Yamanaka, Hisashi, Naoyuki Kamatani, Masayuki Hakoda, Chihiro Terai, Ryuji Kawaguchi, and Sadao Kashiwazaki. "Analysis of the Genotypes for Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Japanese Patients with Primary Gout." In Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism in Man VIII, 53–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2584-4_13.
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Landmann, T., H. Haubelt, J. Bach, and P. Hellstern. "Prothrombin and Factor VII Genotypes and Phenotypes in healthy Individuals — Results from the Lugen Study." In 32nd Hemophilia Symposium Hamburg 2001, 233–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18150-4_38.
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Singh, Ishwar, Krishan Kumar, Prabha Singh, Pranjal Yadava, and Sujay Rakshit. "Physiological and molecular interventions for improving nitrogen-use efficiency in maize." In Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield, 325–39. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245431.0019.
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Abstract This chapter discusses (i) the importance of nitrogen in plant growth and development, (ii) what is nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) and how to manage it, (iii) traits influencing nitrogen-uptake efficiency including root system architecture, root nitrogen transporter system, and interaction with microorganisms, (iv) traits influencing nitrogen-utilization efficiency, such as nitrate assimilation, canopy photosynthesis per unit of nitrogen, (v) identification and use of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to NUE, (vi) identification of nitrogen-responsive genes, and (vii) nitrogen signalling and transduction for improving NUE. Intensive research on molecular and genetic aspects of NUE has led to the identification of many new genes, QTLs and alleles that could be deployed to develop new genotypes. The future direction of the research efforts should be towards understanding the interaction of NUE-related genes with cellular small RNA flux and perturbing the system performance through metabolic engineering and genome editing techniques.
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Benalcázar, M. E., I. A. Pagnuco, D. S. Comas, P. M. Corva, G. J. Meschino, M. Brun, and V. L. Ballarin. "Classification of Cattle Coat Color Based on Genotype Using Pattern Recognition Methods." In VI Latin American Congress on Biomedical Engineering CLAIB 2014, Paraná, Argentina 29, 30 & 31 October 2014, 671–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13117-7_171.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Genotype VII"
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Vlasov, A. P., S. S. Al-Kubaysi, F. A. Ali Fuad, S. T. Al-Anbari, and B. A. Fedotov. "The role of ENOS polymorphism (C774T) in the progression of acute peritonitis and the formation of complications." In VIII Vserossijskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Mediko-fiziologicheskie problemy jekologii cheloveka». Publishing center of Ulyanovsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/mpphe.2021-54-57.
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In order to determine the role of ENOS (C774T) gene polymorphism in the progression of acute peritonitis and the formation of complications, a clinical and biochemical study of 40 patients with acute peritonitis was conducted. As a result of the study, it was proved that the early period of acute peritonitis is characterized by the development of endogenous intoxication, intensification of oxidative phenomena, hypercoagulation of the homeostasis system and inhibition of fibrinolysis, and in patients with acute peritonitis, carriers of the pathological TT genotype of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene, more pronounced deviations of homeostatic parameters are observed.
Key words: acute peritonitis, genotype, DNA diagnostics, genetic testing of genotypes.
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Vlasov, A. P., V. A. Trofimov, S. S. Al-Kubaysi, N. A. Myshkina, T. A. Muratova, L. N. Umnov, and M. Yu Khachaturov. "Personalized approach in optimizing the treatment of acute pancreatitis." In VIII Vserossijskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Mediko-fiziologicheskie problemy jekologii cheloveka». Publishing center of Ulyanovsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/mpphe.2021-60-62.
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In order to determine the effectiveness of the use of remaxol based on a personalized approach in patients with acute pancreatitis, based on the establishment of gene polymorphism of integrin beta-3 (T1565C, ITGB3), integrin alpha-2 (C807T, ITGA2), fibrinogen (G(-455)A, FGB) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (5G(-675)4G, SERPINE1), a study of 84 patients with acute pancreatitis of varying severity was conducted. As a result of the study, it was proved that in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with severe acute pancreatitis upon admission, in addition to clinical, laboratory and instrumental studies, it is necessary to conduct genetic testing of the genotypes of the polymorphism of the GPIIa gene (T1565C), ITGA2 (C807T), FGB (G(-455)A) and SERPINE1 (5G(-675)4G) to develop a personalized approach in the treatment of this severe category of patients.
Key words: acute pancreatitis, genotype, DNA diagnostics, genetic testing of genotypes, personalized medicine.
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Calalb, Tatiana, Cornelia Fursenco, Maria Gonceariuc, and Violeta Butnaras. "Studiul microscopic al trihomilor glandulari și nonglandulari la genotipuri de Lavandula Angustifolia Mill. ssp. Angustifolia." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.63.
Full textAbstract:
The microscopic and citochemistry study denotes 3 types of glandular trichomes (peltate, capitates type I and type II), implicated in the synthesis of the metabolites, including volatile oils (with biological and protective role) and one type of non-glandular trichomes with the potential adaptive role to stressors in 7 new genotypes (4 cultivars – Moldoveanca 4, Vis Magic 10, Alba 7, Aroma Unica and 3 hybrids – Fr.5S8-24, Fr.8-5-15V and Cr.13S-6-7) of sp. Lavandula angustifolia Mill., spp. angustifolia. The degree of development and distribution mode of both types of trichomes (glandular and non-glandular) varies according organs (stem, leaf, bract, flower calyx and corolla) and genotype.
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Gaina, Boris, and Eugeniu Alexandrov. "Compușii chimici volatili și noile genotipuri de viță-de-vie." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.36.
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In the process of development and ripening of berries, depending on fluctuations in climatic fac-tors, an aroma characteristic of the genotype of grapevine is formed, and as a result of processing the bunches, a bouquet of young wine is formed. Grapevine berries contain, for the most part, the same aro-matic chemical compounds, however, the specific aroma is due not only to their different mass concentra-tion, but also to their ratio in the aromatic complex of each genotype. The specific shade of aromas of a particular genotype and the accent of aromas of a particular genotype depends to a greater extent on the transmission of hereditary traits from parental pairs of crossing, the degree of ripening of berries, the phy-tosanitary level of plantings and on the influence of factors of the growing environment. The purpose of this study is to determine and comparative analysis of aromatic compounds in the berries of the rhizogen-ic interspecific genotype of grapevine Amethyst with the same complex of volatile compounds of the classic varieties Feteasca Neagră, Cabernet-Sauvignon, Malbec.
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V. I., Lutsyk. ""Materials genome Initiative", "Materials Genome Project" and Materials Genotype." In NANOMATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES-VI. Buryat State University Publishing Department, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18101/978-5-9793-0883-8-218-220.
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Rouphael, Youssef, Maria Giordano, Valerio Cirillo, Christophe El-Nakhel, Emma Colonna, Roberto Maiello, and Stefania De Pascale. "Effects of genotypes, plant density and N rates on yield and quality of spinach." In VII South-Eastern Europe Syposium on Vegetables & Potatoes. University of Maribor Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-045-5.60.
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Balliu, Astrit, Thoma Nasto, and Glenda Sallaku. "The assessment of Albanian pea and faba bean genotypes based on principal component analyses for yield and protein content." In VII South-Eastern Europe Syposium on Vegetables & Potatoes. University of Maribor Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-045-5.58.
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Huo, Zhouyuan, Dinggang Shen, and Heng Huang. "Genotype-phenotype association study via new multi-task learning model." In Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing 2018. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813235533_0033.
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Lemeshchenko, A. V., and A. E. Kim. "Role of ACE gene polymorphism (RS4646994) in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension formation in person performing task in the Arctic region." In VIII Vserossijskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Mediko-fiziologicheskie problemy jekologii cheloveka». Publishing center of Ulyanovsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/mpphe.2021-134-137.
Full textAbstract:
The results of content analysis of the role of polymorphism of the ACE gene genotype (RS4646994) in persons employed in the Arctic region are presented. It has been shown that it can be recommended as a universal marker in the diagnosis of not only essential hypertension, but other diseases of the cardiovascular system. In order to reduce the risk of developing pathological conditions, when planning official activities in the Arctic region, it is advisable to build professional selection, taking into account not only their genetic predisposition, but also the body's ability to maintain homeostasis.
Key words: Arctic, polymorphism, ACE gene (RS4646994), arterial hypertension, homeostasis.
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Choudry, Shazia A., Ahmad B. Choudry, and M. D. Lee. "Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Genotype Screening In COPD Patient Identified Via EMR." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a5353.
Full textReports on the topic "Genotype VII"
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Weller, Joel I., Harris A. Lewin, and Micha Ron. Determination of Allele Frequencies for Quantitative Trait Loci in Commercial Animal Populations. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586473.bard.
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Individual loci affecting economic traits in dairy cattle (ETL) have been detected via linkage to genetic markers by application of the granddaughter design in the US population and the daughter design in the Israeli population. From these analyses it is not possible to determine allelic frequencies in the population at large, or whether the same alleles are segregating in different families. We proposed to answer this question by application of the "modified granddaughter design", in which granddaughters with a common maternal grandsire are both genotyped and analyzed for the economic traits. The objectives of the proposal were: 1) to fine map three segregating ETL previously detected by a daughter design analysis of the Israeli dairy cattle population; 2) to determine the effects of ETL alleles in different families relative to the population mean; 3) for each ETL, to determine the number of alleles and allele frequencies. The ETL on Bostaurusautosome (BT A) 6 chiefly affecting protein concentration was localized to a 4 cM chromosomal segment centered on the microsatellite BM143 by the daughter design. The modified granddaughter design was applied to a single family. The frequency of the allele increasing protein percent was estimated at 0.63+0.06. The hypothesis of equal allelic frequencies was rejected at p<0.05. Segregation of this ETL in the Israeli population was confirmed. The genes IBSP, SPP1, and LAP3 located adjacent to BM143 in the whole genome cattle- human comparative map were used as anchors for the human genome sequence and bovine BAC clones. Fifteen genes within 2 cM upstream of BM143 were located in the orthologous syntenic groups on HSA4q22 and HSA4p15. Only a single gene, SLIT2, was located within 2 cM downstream of BM143 in the orthologous HSA4p15 region. The order of these genes, as derived from physical mapping of BAC end sequences, was identical to the order within the orthologous syntenic groups on HSA4: FAM13A1, HERC3. CEB1, FLJ20637, PP2C-like, ABCG2, PKD2. SPP, MEP, IBSP, LAP3, EG1. KIAA1276, HCAPG, MLR1, BM143, and SLIT2. Four hundred and twenty AI bulls with genetic evaluations were genotyped for 12 SNPs identified in 10 of these genes, and for BM143. Seven SNPs displayed highly significant linkage disequilibrium effects on protein percentage (P<0.000l) with the greatest effect for SPP1. None of SNP genotypes for two sires heterozygous for the ETL, and six sires homozygous for the ETL completely corresponded to the causative mutation. The expression of SPP 1 and ABCG2 in the mammary gland corresponded to the lactation curve, as determined by microarray and QPCR assays, but not in the liver. Anti-sense SPP1 transgenic mice displayed abnormal mammary gland differentiation and milk secretion. Thus SPP 1 is a prime candidate gene for this ETL. We confirmed that DGAT1 is the ETL segregating on BTA 14 that chiefly effects fat concentration, and that the polymorphism is due to a missense mutation in an exon. Four hundred Israeli Holstein bulls were genotyped for this polymorphism, and the change in allelic frequency over the last 20 years was monitored.
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Fridman, Eyal, Jianming Yu, and Rivka Elbaum. Combining diversity within Sorghum bicolor for genomic and fine mapping of intra-allelic interactions underlying heterosis. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597925.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Heterosis, the enigmatic phenomenon in which whole genome heterozygous hybrids demonstrate superior fitness compared to their homozygous parents, is the main cornerstone of modern crop plant breeding. One explanation for this non-additive inheritance of hybrids is interaction of alleles within the same locus. This proposal aims at screening, identifying and investigating heterosis trait loci (HTL) for different yield traits by implementing a novel integrated mapping approach in Sorghum bicolor as a model for other crop plants. Originally, the general goal of this research was to perform a genetic dissection of heterosis in a diallel built from a set of Sorghum bicolor inbred lines. This was conducted by implementing a novel computational algorithm which aims at associating between specific heterozygosity found among hybrids with heterotic variation for different agronomic traits. The initial goals of the research are: (i) Perform genotype by sequencing (GBS) of the founder lines (ii) To evaluate the heterotic variation found in the diallel by performing field trails and measurements in the field (iii) To perform QTL analysis for identifying heterotic trait loci (HTL) (iv) to validate candidate HTL by testing the quantitative mode of inheritance in F2 populations, and (v) To identify candidate HTL in NAM founder lines and fine map these loci by test-cross selected RIL derived from these founders. The genetic mapping was initially achieved with app. 100 SSR markers, and later the founder lines were genotyped by sequencing. In addition to the original proposed research we have added two additional populations that were utilized to further develop the HTL mapping approach; (1) A diallel of budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) that was tested for heterosis of doubling time, and (2) a recombinant inbred line population of Sorghum bicolor that allowed testing in the field and in more depth the contribution of heterosis to plant height, as well as to achieve novel simulation for predicting dominant and additive effects in tightly linked loci on pseudooverdominance. There are several conclusions relevant to crop plants in general and to sorghum breeding and biology in particular: (i) heterosis for reproductive (1), vegetative (2) and metabolic phenotypes is predominantly achieved via dominance complementation. (ii) most loci that seems to be inherited as overdominant are in fact achieving superior phenotype of the heterozygous due to linkage in repulsion, namely by pseudooverdominant mechanism. Our computer simulations show that such repulsion linkage could influence QTL detection and estimation of effect in segregating populations. (iii) A new height QTL (qHT7.1) was identified near the genomic region harboring the known auxin transporter Dw3 in sorghum, and its genetic dissection in RIL population demonstrated that it affects both the upper and lower parts of the plant, whereas Dw3 affects only the part below the flag leaf. (iv) HTL mapping for grain nitrogen content in sorghum grains has identified several candidate genes that regulate this trait, including several putative nitrate transporters and a transcription factor belonging to the no-apical meristem (NAC)-like large gene family. This activity was combined with another BARD-funded project in which several de-novo mutants in this gene were identified for functional analysis.