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Academic literature on the topic 'Génomique – Classification'
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Journal articles on the topic "Génomique – Classification"
Moya, Niels, Stéphanie Guidez, Xavier Leleu, and Émilie Cayssials. "Classification génomique pronostique dans la leucémie aiguë myéloïde." Hématologie 22, no. 4 (July 2016): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/hma.2016.1158.
Full textVilla, C., B. Baussart, R. Armignacco, A. Jouinot, M. L. Raffin-Sanson, M. Neou, A. Septier, et al. "Classification génomique intégrée des tumeurs neuroendocrines hypophysaires : implications cliniques." Annales d'Endocrinologie 81, no. 4 (September 2020): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2020.07.134.
Full textCouturier, Jérôme. "Classification génomique des tumeurs à cellules rénales de l’adulte." Annales de Pathologie 28, no. 5 (October 2008): 402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annpat.2008.06.032.
Full textSchleiermacher, G., I. Janoueix-Lerosey, E. Michels, V. Mosseri, A. Ribeiro, D. Lequin, J. Vermeulen, et al. "SFCE-05 – Cancérologie, hématologie, immunologie – Classification génomique dans le neuroblastome : utilité pour la prise en charge thérapeutique." Archives de Pédiatrie 15, no. 5 (June 2008): 943–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-693x(08)72132-8.
Full textAssié, G. "Études génomiques à haut débit et classification des tumeurs de la corticosurrénale." Annales d'Endocrinologie 70, no. 3 (June 2009): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2009.02.016.
Full textDebucquet, Gervaise. "Nouvelles techniques génomiques : acceptabilité sociétale et prospective pour les animaux d’élevage." Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France 176 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bavf.2023.71043.
Full textLeclerc, Véronique, Alexandre Tremblay, and Chani Bonventre. "Anthropologie médicale." Anthropen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.anthropen.125.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Génomique – Classification"
Idbaih, Ahmed. "Etude contributive pour une classification génomique des tumeurs gliales de l'adulte." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA11T006.
Full textHennart, Mélanie. "Taxonomie génomique des souches bactériennes et émergence de l'antibiorésistance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS547.pdf.
Full textInfectious diseases are a global public health concern, particularly due to antimicrobial-resistance in some pathogenic bacteria. Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most worrying multiresistant bacteria. Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which causes diphtheria, remains largely susceptible to first-line antibiotics, including penicillin, and can be controlled through vaccination, but re-emerges when vaccination coverage is insufficient. Among the effective infection control measures, the accurate detection and identification of these pathogens, as well as their epidemiological monitoring, play a key role. In the recent years, the implementation of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has revolutionised bacterial genotyping, by providing discrimination at the strain level. Genomic sequencing also enables the detection of variants and their important characteristics, such as virulence or antimicrobial resistance. The research work of this thesis is structured around two main axes. The first axis provides bioinformatic analyses of the population structure of antimicrobial resistance in C. diphtheriae. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to determine the genetic basis behind the resistance phenotypes, as well as the associations with diphtheria toxin production and other strain characteristics. A new penicillin resistance gene was discovered on a mobile element in C. diphtheriae. A genotyping tool was developed specifically for C. diphtheriae, for which the links between genotypes and clinical phenotypes are poorly known. This tool consolidates and facilitates the detection and genotyping of the main virulence factors and resistance genes, as well as the use of strain nomenclatures from assembled genomes. It also enables the prediction of biovars and toxicity of strains. The second axis relates to infra-species genomic taxonomy. A new approach of genome-based classification and nomenclature of strains was developed using K. pneumoniae as a model. This work describes the design and implementation of a barcoding system that combines Single Linkage MultiLevel (MLSL) clustering and Life Identification Number (LIN) codes, both based on the same core-genome MLST (cgMLST) typing scheme. This innovative taxonomic approach, widely applicable to other bacterial species, yields precise and stable nomenclatures. A study of the phylogenetic structure of C. diphtheriae was also carried out, with the implementation of a cgMLST scheme on the basis of which a genomic taxonomy of strains was proposed. Based on the contributions and concepts presented above, several case studies were carried out: identification and characterisation of a new species (C. rouxii), previously misidentified as C. diphtheriae; genomic epidemiology of diphtheria in different world regions or clinical sources. These applications of genomic taxonomy in combination with antimicrobial resistance gene detection illustrate the potential of the methods and tools developed during this thesis to support genomic research and surveillance of pathogenic bacteria
Marisa, Laetitia. "Classification et caractérisation des cancers colorectaux par approches omiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066235/document.
Full textColon cancer (CC) is one of the most frequent and most deadly cancer in France and worldwide. Nearly half of patients die within 5 years after diagnosis. Clinical stage based on histological features and molecular classification based genomic instabilities (microsatellite instability (MSI), chromosomal instability (CIN) and hypermethylation of the promoters (ICPM)) are not sufficient to define homogeneous molecular entities and to predict recurrence effectively. To improve patient care, it is essential to better understand the diversity of the disease so that effective prognostic and predictive markers could be found. My PhD work has been focused on studying the diversity of CC at the molecular level through the use of omics approaches on a large cohort of tumor samples. It led to the establishment of a robust transcriptomic classification of these cancers, validated on independent data sets, and to a detailed characterization of each of the subtypes. Six subtypes have been defined and were associated with distinct clinicopathological characteristics and molecular alterations, specific enrichments of supervised gene expression signatures related to cell and lesions of origin, specific deregulated signaling pathways and distinct survival. The results of this work have been strengthened by a consensus classification defined by an international consortium working group in which I've been involved. These results confirm that colorectal cancer is an heterogeneous disease. They provide a renewed framework to develop prognostic signatures, discover new treatment targets, identify new therapeutic strategies and assess response to treatment in clinical trials
Schmitt, Louise-Amelie. "Développement de modèles spécifiques aux séquences génomique virales." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0649/document.
Full textDNA sequencing of complex samples containing various living species is a choice approach to study the viral landscape of a given environment. Viral genomes are hard to identify due to their extreme variability and the tight relationship they have with their hosts. We hereby provide new leads for the development of a virusesspecific solution to the need for accurate identification that hasn't found a satisfactory solution in the existing universal software so far
Darde, Thomas. "Identification et classification de composés reprotoxiques par des approches de toxicogénomique prédictive." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1B022/document.
Full textThe core aim of my thesis project is to develop predictive toxicology approaches based on the integration of massive toxicogenomics datasets using bioinformatics and biostatistics methodologies. Specific objectives include: (1) classification of chemicals based on toxicogenomics signatures, i.e. the set of genes whose expression is known to be positively or negatively altered after exposure to these compounds; (2) the association of the resulting classes with human disorders or deleterious phenotypes based on the well-known toxicants present in those classes; (3) the prediction of novel reprotoxicants and/or endocrine disruptors based on toxicogenomics signature similarities with known chemicals affecting testis development and function. The assembled toxicogenomics dataset contains 23,657 samples covering 7092 experimental conditions (one chemical, one dose, one exposure time, one tissue) for 541 chemicals in seven distinct tissues in the rat from 18 different studies. From this dataset, 3,022 experimental conditions corresponding to 452 distinct compounds are associated to a toxicogenomics signature containing more than ten genes showing an altered expression pattern after exposure. Using unsupervised classification methods, 95 chemical clusters were defined showing close toxicogenomics signatures. The phenotype association analysis using data extracted from de Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) allowed us to identify three clusters significantly enriched in known endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Currently, 22 compounds are being tested on a human cell line expressing the enzymes of steroidogenesis (NCI-H295R) to evaluate their potential endocrine disrupting effects. These researches allowed us to demonstrate the relevance of integrating massive toxicogenomics datasets to predict adverse effects of compounds tested in different organs. It is currently being pursued through the development of a novel repository, TOXsIgN. This resource provides a flexible environment to facilitate online submission, storage and retrieval of toxicogenomics signatures by the scientific community. Similarly, the current PhD project also yielded to the implementation of several tools dedicated to predictive toxicology and data visualization including the ReproGenomics Viewer (RGV)
Jourdan, Laetitia. "Métaheuristiques pour l'extraction de connaissances : application à la génomique." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007983.
Full textHussain, Syed Fawad. "Une Nouvelle Mesure de Co-Similarité : Applications aux Données Textuelles et Génomique." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00525366.
Full textHussain, Syed Fawad. "Une nouvelle mesure de co-similarité : applications aux données textuelles et génomique." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENM049.
Full textClustering is the unsupervised classification of patterns (observations, data items, or feature vectors) into homogeneous and contrasted groups (clusters As datasets become larger and more varied, adaptations to existing algorithms are required to maintain the quality of cluster. Ln this regard, high¬dimensional data poses sorne problems for traditional clustering algorithms known as the curse of dimensionality. This thesis proposes a co-similarity based algorithm that is based on the concept of higher-order co-occurrences, which are extracted from the given data. Ln the case of text analysis, for example, document similarity is calculated based on word similarity, which in turn is calculated on the basis of document similarity. Using this iterative approach, we can bring similar documents closer together even if they do not share the same words but share similar words. This approach doesn't need externallinguistic resources like a thesaurus Furthermore this approach can also be extended to incorporate prior knowledge from a training dataset for the task of text categorization. Prior categor labels coming from data in the training set can be used to influence similarity measures between worlds to better classify incoming test dataset among the different categories. Thus, the same conceptual approach, that can be expressed in the framework of the graph theory, can be used for both clustering and categorization task depending on the amount of prior information available. Our results show significant increase in the accuracy with respect to the state of the art of both one-way and two-way clustering on the different datasets that were tested
Abou, Abdallah Rita. "La génomique : un outil robuste et émergent utilisé dans la taxonomie bactérienne et l'analyse comparative." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0256/document.
Full textThe number of new identified bacterial species is constantly increasing. One of the most important contributors to this situation is the microbial culturomics approach. Consequently, the need to classify and taxonomically describe those microorganisms to understand their evolution, characteristics and relationships with other living organisms has emerged. To date, more than 170000 bacterial genomes are available. Facing this situation, bacterial taxonomy cannot be disconnected from the information provided from the whole genome. The taxono-genomics strategy was elaborated in our laboratory to include genome sequences in the taxonomic scheme. This new strategy consists in the combination of various phenotypic data and genomic analysis and comparison, resulting in a rational and comprehensive description of new bacterial taxa. A second aspect of our thesis work was the pangenomic analysis of Coxiella burnetii. Taking advantage of the availability of 75 C. burnetii genomes, we showed that this pangenome is open, which contrasts with those of other intracellular bacteria. No disease-specific, or geovar-specific gene content could be identified. In contrast, the core gene-based phylogenetic analysis matched that obtained from multi-spacer typing. Thus, we herein demonstrate that genome sequencing may, among its many applications, be well suited for the official description as well as pangenome analysis of human-associated bacteria, including pathogens, and may allow addressing many microbiological questions, such as evolution, outbreaks, antibiotic resistance, and pathogenicity
Pages, Mélanie. "Integrative genomic, epigenetic, radiologic and histological characterization of pediatric glioneuronal tumors." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB217.
Full textThe large-scale genomic studies performed recently has enabled the objective identification of numerous novel genomic alterations and highlighted that pediatric brain tumors often harbor quiet cancer genomes, with a single driver genomic alteration. This characteristic is of special interest in the current context of precision medicine development. Low-grade glioneuronal tumor group is highly heterogeneous and remains particularly challenging since it includes a broad spectrum of tumors, often poorly discriminated by their histopathological features and not completely molecularly characterized. We used targeted methods (IHC, FISH, targeted sequencing), and large scale genomic and epigenetic methodologies to perform an integrative analysis to further characterized papillary glioneuronal tumors (PGNT), midline gangliogliomas and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNT). We demonstrated that PGNT is a distinct entity characterized by a PRKCA fusion. We highlighted that H3 K27M mutation can occur in association with BRAF V600E mutation in midline grade I glioneuronal tumors, showing that despite the presence of H3 K27M mutations, these cases should not be graded and treated as grade IV tumors because they have a better spontaneous outcome than classic diffuse midline H3 K27M-mutant glioma. The DNT study enable us 1) to specify that non-specific DNT corresponds to a clinico-histological tumor group encompassing diverse molecularly distinct entities and 2) to demonstrate that specific DNTs can be progressive tumors and harbored a distinct DNA methylation profile. Diagnosis and genomic profiling that can guide precision medicine require tissue acquisition by neurosurgical procedures that are often difficult or not possible. We validated a sample collection procedure and we developed methodologies to detect circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in CSF, plasma and urine to identify clinically relevant genomic alterations from a cohort of 235 pediatric patients with brain tumors. We optimized a method to process ctDNA and performed ultra-low pass whole genome sequencing (ULP-WGS) using unique molecular identifiers, confirming we can reliably construct sequencing libraries from CSF-, plasma- and urine-derived ctDNA. ULP-WGS has also been used to assess sequencing library quality, copy number variations (CNVs) and tumor fraction. The vast majority of samples undergoing ULPWGS exhibited no CNVs, consistent with either absence in the tumor or low levels of tumorderived cfDNA. To distinguish between these, we developed a hybrid capture sequencing panel allowing identification of specific mutations and fusions more common in pediatric brain tumors
Books on the topic "Génomique – Classification"
Barcoding Nature: Shifting Cultures of Taxonomy in an Age of Biodiversity Loss. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
Find full textBarcoding Nature: Shifting Cultures of Taxonomy in an Age of Biodiversity Loss. Routledge, 2013.
Find full textEllis, Rebecca, Claire Waterton, and Brian Wynne. Barcoding Nature: Shifting Cultures of Taxonomy in an Age of Biodiversity Loss. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
Find full textBarcoding Nature. Routledge, 2014.
Find full textBarcoding Nature. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
Find full text