Journal articles: 'Genetically engineered drugs'

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Jones-Grizzle, Amy J., and J. Lyle Bootman. "Pharmacoeconomics of Genetically Engineered Drugs." PharmacoEconomics 1, no. 1 (January 1992): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00019053-199201010-00009.

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Kishore, Kamal, and Pawan Krishan. "Pharmacology of recombinant or genetically engineered drugs." Journal of Young Pharmacists 1, no. 2 (2009): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-1483.55747.

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Khobeysh, M. M., and E. V. Sokolovskiy. "Genetically engineered biologics to treat psoriasis. Experience with ustekinumab in an adolescent with severe psoriasis." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 1 (March 12, 2023): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/ms2023-003.

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Modern pathogenetic therapy of psoriasis is the use of suppressive methods aimed to suppress immune reactions in the dermis, synovia, enthesis and eliminate the imbalance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines. Today, genetically engineered biological drugs are one of the most promising pharmacotherapy achievements for the management of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis in the group of immunosuppressive agents. Knowing the pathogenetic mechanisms that underlie the development of these diseases allows us today to highly selectively target the top key links of the immunopathogenetic cascade using genetically engineered biologicals, while barely affecting the protective factors of the patient’s immune system unlike the standard backbone (what is referred to as traditional) anti-inflammatory therapy. The treatment of psoriasis in children and adolescents practically involves the same drugs and methods as in adults. However, most of them are used in paediatric practice for conditions for which they are not clearly indicated, and studies on their efficacy and safety are still missing. Currently, it is possible to treat children and adolescents with genetically engineered biological drugs. Ustekinumab, etanercept, adalimumab, secukinumab, and ixekizumab are approved for use in moderate to severe psoriasis in the Russian Federation. In paediatric practice, the genetically engineered biological drug ustekinumab is one of the most effective, safe and convenient for the delivery of therapy (short induction cycle, rare infusions of the drug during maintenance therapy). The article describes the case study of the effective treatment of a 17-year-old patient with severe, continuously recurrent psoriasis. The targeted therapy, including the use of genetically engineered biological drugs, is increasingly being used to treat childhood psoriasis. Moreover, there are now more and more supporters among dermatologists who believe that genetically engineered biological drugs can be prescribed as the first-line drugs for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis in children and adolescents.

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Матюнова, Алла, Alla Matyunova, Людмила Брегель, and Lyudmila Bregel. "MODERN JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS THERAPY OF WITH THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL MEDICATIONS IN A REGIONAL CHILDREN”S 3 LEVEL HOSPITAL - RESULTS AND PROBLEMS." Acta biomedica scientifica 2, no. 5 (January 18, 2018): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a3a0e4744a0a8.88140750.

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Background. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is accompanied by severe functional disabilities refractory to standard treat- ment with methotrexate. Recently introduced genetic engineering has significantly improved the functional state of the patients with persistent disease and stopped the progressive destruction of joints. However, the risk of adverse reactions against the background of this type of therapy requires further study. Aims: to analyze the efficiency of the genetically engineered drugs applied at juvenile arthritis and undesirable effects of this treatment. Materials and methods. Long-term (7 years) observations of 141 patients aged from 8 months to 18 with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Results. The article summarizes the experience of successful application of genetically engineered biological preparations (tocilizumab, abatacept, etanercept, adalimumab) in 33 patients out of 141 patients with juvenile arthritis observed in Irkutsk. Serious infections were not registered, but we detected cases of managed neutropenia in 2 out of 12 patients re- ceiving tocilizumab. In one case (3 %) out of 33 patients receiving genetically engineered drugs, the drug was withdrawn because of the risk of tuberculosis. Rare cases of secondary inefficiency of such drugs as abatacept, etanercept, adalimumab have been revealed. The tactics of treating children with undesirable reactions to genetically engineered drugs is described. Conclusions. Genetic engineering therapy has shown a good effect in improving clinical and functional indices and stopping joint destructive damage. However, when using genetically engineered drugs in treatment, the safety issues should be evaluated. Nevertheless, in our study there were no serious adverse events.

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Huang, Ya Qiong, Kenneth L. White, De Shun Shi, Xu Jian Chen, Jia Zhou Li, Shi Yuan Zeng, Shi Hua Zhao, and Gui Wen Ruan. "Development and Prospect of Genetically Engineered Pharmaceutics." Advanced Materials Research 746 (August 2013): 588–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.746.588.

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With the rapid development of modern biology and technology, Genetically Engineered Pharmaceutics has become the most important field in modern medicinal industry. Currently, we have taken concern that the Genetically Engineered Pharmaceutics has been a subject of research. As advanced genetically engineered technology, genetic therapy, the point mutation techniques, DNA shuffling, RNA interference (RNAi) technology, the bioinformatics for genome and proteome analyses, the high throughput screening technology, etc. can be applied in the treatment of cancer, and other targeted therapies. A great deal of advanced technologies accelerates the development of genetically engineered pharmaceutics, and plays a key role in genetically engineered pharmaceutics. With the advances in genetically engineered pharmaceutics, we look forward to finding more new drugs, such as the high-value peptides, small functional molecular groups, proteins, especially antibodies, vaccines, enzymes, and therapeutic peptides. These developments continue to secure greater health outcomes of human being at all aspects in the long run. In this article, the development and prospect of Genetically Engineered Pharmaceutics are reviewed, and furthermore, the potential development and huge prospects are also presented.

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Zyryanov, S. K., and O. I. Butranova. "Genetically engineered drugs for treatment of bronchial asthma: recent achievements." Russian Pulmonology 28, no. 5 (December 24, 2018): 584–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2018-28-5-584-601.

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Current population of patients with asthma is characterized by increasing resistance to standard pharmacotherapeutic agents such as inhaled corticosteroids, antileukotriene agents and anti-IgE antibodies. These findings were confirmed by international statistic data and indicate insufficient efficacy of the treatment. Asthma phenotyping encompassing a role of certain biomarkers for bronchial inflammation could contribute to achieving better response to treatment. Genetically engineered drugs could directly impact on mediators and modulators involved in the inflammation and bronchoconstriction. This is one of the most promising directions of the modern pharmacotherapy, particularly considering severe and difficult-to-treat asthma. A comparative analysis of efficacy and safety of currently available genetically engineered drug groups (monoclonal anti-IgE antibodies, monoclonal antibodies against interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 and IL-5, and prostaglandin D2 receptor antagonists) was performed by the authors of this article on the basis of results of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT). According to RCT results, omalizumab is still the leading genetically engineered drug. Moreover, evidence of efficacy and safety of novel agents has been published that allowed implementation these drugs in the routine clinical practice for treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma.

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Leonova, K. "Selected problems in the use of genetic engineering biological therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis." Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology 6, no. 4 (February 2, 2021): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2409-3750-2021-6-4-36-39.

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Rheumatoid arthritis, like any chronic non-infectious disease, requires constant pharmacological therapy and monitoring of treatment. To relieve exacerbation, maintain long-term remission and improve the quality of life of patients, basic anti-inflammatory drugs are used, which have passed many years of testing for efficacy and safety and are available for patients. But there is a group of drugs that have appeared relatively recently - genetically engineered biological drugs. At the moment, their use is somewhat limited due to the presence of a number of problems. With the accumulation of data on the study of the safety of genetically engineered drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, it will be possible to solve many practical issues that arise in the attending physician during the supervision of patients.

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Avdeev, Sergey N., Alexandr V. Emelyanov, Oksana M. Kurbacheva, Irina M. Marusenko, Pavel I. Novikov, Olga A. Rizakhanova, and Larisa V. Shul’zhenko. "A new delivery device for benralizumab (autoinjector, pen-injector device) in the clinical practice of treating severe eosinophilic asthma: Conclusion of the Expert Council." PULMONOLOGIYA 31, no. 6 (December 16, 2021): 776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-6-776-781.

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The emergence of new means of administering genetically-engineered biological drugs, such as an autoinjector (pen injector device), can positively affect the organizational aspects of treating patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (SA) who need biological therapy.The aim. To determine the place of a new delivery device for benralizumab (autoinjector, pen injector device) in the clinical practice of treating eosinophilic SA.Results. The expert council considered the results of the latest clinical studies and real practice data on the use of genetically-engineered biological drugs in the form of an autoinjector. The experts discussed the safety and efficacy of this delivery device and recommended considering the possibility of switching eosinophilic SA patients to self-administration of genetically-engineered biological drugs (autoinjector form) at home. This treatment tactic is especially relevant in the current epidemiological situation since it will reduce the risks of infection compared to planned medical care in inpatient or outpatient treatment settings and reduce the burden for healthcare workers.Conclusion. The practice of switching eosinophilic SA patients to self-administration of biologics in the form of an autoinjector (pen injector device) can improve the adherence to biological therapy and quality of life of this group of patients.

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Cho, Kyungjoo, Simon Weonsang Ro, Sang Hyun Seo, Youjin Jeon, Hyuk Moon, Do Young Kim, and Seung Up Kim. "Genetically Engineered Mouse Models for Liver Cancer." Cancers 12, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12010014.

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Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death globally, accounting for approximately 800,000 deaths annually. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, comprising approximately 80% of cases. Murine models of HCC, such as chemically-induced models, xenograft models, and genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models, are valuable tools to reproduce human HCC biopathology and biochemistry. These models can be used to identify potential biomarkers, evaluate potential novel therapeutic drugs in pre-clinical trials, and develop molecular target therapies. Considering molecular target therapies, a novel approach has been developed to create genetically engineered murine models for HCC, employing hydrodynamics-based transfection (HT). The HT method, coupled with the Sleeping Beauty transposon system or the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tool, has been used to rapidly and cost-effectively produce a variety of HCC models containing diverse oncogenes or inactivated tumor suppressor genes. The versatility of these models is expected to broaden our knowledge of the genetic mechanisms underlying human hepatocarcinogenesis, allowing the study of premalignant and malignant liver lesions and the evaluation of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we review recent advances in GEM models of HCC with an emphasis on new technologies.

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Samigullina, R. R., V. I. Mazurov, and E. A. Trofimov. "Characteristics of complex therapy of immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases in COVID-19 pandemic conditions." Russian Medical Inquiry 5, no. 5 (2021): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-5-260-267.

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The rapid spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) requires innovative solutions, including tactics optimization in using genetically engineered and targeted drugs in patients with immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (RD). The authors studied the characteristics of the complex therapy of immuno-inflammatory RD in the COVID-19 pandemic conditions, analyzed the COVID-19 course in patients with RD who received combined therapy with genetically engineered and basic synthetic anti-rheumatic drugs and were under follow-up from March 2020 to March 2021. The researchers found that synthetic basic (methotrexate, leflunomide, etc.), targeted synthetic (tofacitinib, baricitinib, apremilast) and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs used in the RD treatment, except high-dose glucocorticoids and anti-B cell drugs (rituximab), do not have a negative effect and are not associated with a severe COVID-19 course. The use of interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors is the standard pathogenetic therapy for cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19. Proactive therapy with IL-6 inhibitors provides inhibition of systemic inflammation and contributes to the suppression of cytokine storm syndrome, preventing the development of multiple organ failure and fatal outcome. KEYWORDS: rheumatic diseases, cytokine storm, multiple organ failure, genetically engineered biological drugs, interleukin-6, COVID-19. FOR CITATION: Samigullina R.R., Mazurov V.I., Trofimov E.A. Characteristics of complex therapy of immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases in COVID-19 pandemic conditions. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(5):260–267 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021- 5-5-260-267.

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Zaytseva, Svetlana V., Anna U. Tomilova, Olga V. Zaytseva, Olga B. Voronina, Olga A. Murtazaeva, Valeriy A. Mukhortykh, and Irina N. Tsymbal. "Genetically Engineered Biologic Drugs in Management of Children with Bronchial Asthma." Pediatric pharmacology 18, no. 6 (November 16, 2021): 460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/pf.v18i6.2325.

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Current article represents the modern clinical guidelines on management of severe bronchial asthma (BA) in children and practical use of genetically engineered biologic drugs. Clinical efficacy and safety of omalizumab has its special role. Efficacy analysis was carried out in real-life' clinical setting (considering high economical expenses of biological treatment) to estimate effective response predictors and principles of patients selection for such therapy. Two years of anti-IgE treatment experience in inpatient pediatric department settings demonstrates that omalizumab inclusion to treatment of children with severe asthma resistant to standard therapy allows to solve asthma symptoms, to forgo high doses inhaled glucocorticosteroids, to improve lung function parameters, and to increase significantly quality of life in 95% of our patients.

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Dorogoykina, K. D. Dorogoykina, D. S. Sedov Sedov, K. A. Gamayunova Gamayunova, and A. P. Rebrov Rebrov. "Kidney condition in patients with spondyloarthritis receiving genetically engineered biologic drugs." Nephrology 2_2020 (June 29, 2020): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18565/nephrology.2020.2.21-25.

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Zhuravleva, L. "Problems of diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus in a young girl." Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology 8, no. 4 (February 1, 2023): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2409-3750-2023-8-4-30-32.

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The article describes a clinical case of acute systemic lupus erythematosus in a girl of reproductive age with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome. The diagnosis was made 1 year after the first clinical symptoms. The treatment was carried out with hormonal drugs, immunosuppressants and genetically engineered biological drugs.

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Novoderezhkina, Evgeniya A., and Sergey K. Zyryanov. "Estimating the indirect costs associated with psoriasis." Kazan medical journal 103, no. 5 (October 3, 2022): 824–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2022-824.

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Background. The assessment of indirect economic costs associated with psoriasis is relevant due to the poor knowledge of the impact of the disease on key performance indicators, as well as the question of how the expansion of the pool of patients receiving genetically engineered biological drugs affects the indirect costs associated with the disease. Aim. Evaluation of the indirect economic burden of psoriasis associated with missed work time and reduced performance in the actual presence at the workplace, as well as an assessment of the impact of changing the structure of therapy on indirect costs. Material and methods. To calculate the indirect economic burden of psoriasis using the human capital method, two approaches were used: through an assessment of the impact on gross domestic product and through the use of the market value of working hours. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to assess the impact of genetically engineered biologics on the indirect economic costs associated with psoriasis. Systematic search and selection of studies for network meta-analysis was performed using several databases (clinicaltrials.gov, Eu Clinical Trials, Pubmed, WHO ICTRP, medRxiv). Studies in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis treated with any genetically engineered biological drug were included. Results. Indirect economic losses calculated through the assessment of the impact on the gross domestic product amounted to 10.2 billion rubles per year, and through the application of the market value of working time 17.9 billion rubles per year per 100,000 patients with psoriasis in 2018 in Russian Federation. The genetically engineered biological drugs prescription can lead to a reduction in the annual indirect economic burden by 4.9 billion rubles and 8.6 billion rubles per 100,000 economically active patients with moderate and severe psoriasis, calculated through the assessment of the impact on the gross domestic product and through the application of the market value of working hours, respectively. Conclusion. A decrease in the work productivity of patients with psoriasis leads to significant indirect costs, while an increase in the proportion of patients receiving genetically engineered biological drugs leads to a decrease in the indirect economic burden on the state and society as a whole.

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Svechnikova, E. V., and S. E. Zhufina. "A modern view on the treatment of psoriatic disease. Experience in using genetically engineered biological therapy in patients with extensive moderate to severe psoriasis." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 6 (April 27, 2022): 216–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2022-16-6-216-225.

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The article presents a modern view on the pathogenesis of psoriasis, considers an approach to management of patients with extensive moderate to severe psoriasis, sets out the key features of treatment with genetically engineered biological drugs of different groups: TNF-alpha, IL-17, IL-23 inhibitors. Literature data on the key features, indications, contraindications, and side effects associated with the use of genetically engineered drugs have also been analysed. The experience of using therapies described in domestic and foreign research publications was examined. Approaches to the treatment of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis combined with concomitant comorbid pathologies were discussed, and the features of treatment with genetically engineered biological drugs of different groups were also evaluated. In addition, the publication contains the results of our own observations obtained in the treatment of patients with extensive psoriasis and concomitant comorbid pathology using such biological drugs as secukinumab (10 patients), netakimab (5 patients), guselcumab (7 patients). The schemes of patient investigation, dosage regimens for each drug are given, their efficacy and tolerability are evaluated, and complications acquired during treatment with each drug are analysed, the speed and stability of the therapeutic effect provided by each of them are evaluated. In connection with the emergence of new data on the pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis, patients have increasing opportunities to receive timely care, maintain disease remission for a long time and improve the quality of life regardless of the severity and stage of the pathological process, as well as of the history and presence of comorbid conditions.

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Didenko, V. V., G. A. Kalashnik, Ju Ju Karpenko, and E. N. Harlamova. "Description of the Clinical Case of Adalimumab and Secukinumab Therapy of a Patient with Psoriatic Arthritis." Russian Archives of Internal Medicine 11, no. 3 (May 31, 2021): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20514/2226-6704-2021-11-3-225-228.

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This article considers the relevance of treating psoriatic arthritis with genetically engineered drugs such as adalimumab and secukinumab. Also, it conducts retrospective analysis of the medical history of the patient, who had this therapy.

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Kruglova, L. S., A. A. Hotko, and M. Yu Pomazanova. "Issues of switching therapy when effect of biological genetically engineered drugs escapes." Medical alphabet, no. 24 (December 20, 2020): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2020-24-48-52.

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The escape effect or secondary ineffectiveness of genetically engineered bio-drugs GEBD determines the change in patient management tactics, including switching to another genetically engineered drug. In clinical practice, this is a rather difficult task, which primarily concerns the choice of the next drug. The solution to the problem of secondary inefficiency can be achieved, for example, by switching to a GIBP with a different mechanism of action. In the VOYAGE 1, 73% of patients who did not respond to 48 weeks of adalimumab therapy achieved a PASI response of 90 by the 100th weeks after switching to guselkumab therapy. In the VOYAGE 2 study, 75 and 43% of patients achieved PASI 90 and 100 at week 100 after switching to gumelkumab therapy from adalimumab with failure at 28 weeks. In the NAVIGATE study, the increase in efficacy in patients with an insufficient response to ustekinumab when switching to guselcumab therapy was 27% (p < 0.001) when assessing the proportion of patients who achieved PASI 90 by 52nd weeks of therapy. Thus, the data of clinical trials make it possible to recommend guselkumab as the drug of choice in the case of the “escape” effect or insufficient effectiveness of GEBDs of other classes. The experience of using guselkumab in real clinical practice has shown its high efficiency in patients with the «escape effect» of anti-TNF-α and anti-IL‑17 drugs.

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Svechnikova, E. V., Z. B. Marshani, K. A. Fomin, and E. Yu Evdokimov. "Genetically engineered biological drugs in psoriasis treatment in the COVID-19 pandemic." Klinicheskaya dermatologiya i venerologiya 20, no. 5 (2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/klinderma20212005195.

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Primrose, S. B. "The application of genetically engineered micro-organisms in the production of drugs." Journal of Applied Bacteriology 61, no. 2 (August 1986): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1986.tb04263.x.

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Meshcherina, N. S., L. A. Knyazeva, I. I. Goryainov, and L. I. Knyazeva. "Vasoprotective Effects of Genetically Engineered Biologic Drugs in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis." Sovremennye tehnologii v medicine 7, no. 3 (September 2015): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17691/stm2015.7.3.18.

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Kagramanova, Anna V., Oleg V. Knyazev, Oleg V. Knyazev, Oleg V. Knyazev, Dmitrii S. Kulakov, Dmitrii S. Kulakov, Dmitrii S. Kulakov, et al. "Interdisciplinary approach is a key of efficient treatment in patients with immunoinflammatory diseases. Case report." Consilium Medicum 23, no. 5 (2021): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20751753.2021.5.200821.

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The article is devoted to clinical case of concomitant immune-inflammatory diseases: Crohn disease, ankylosing spondylitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis. Chronic immunoinflammatory diseases (CID) caused disability, characterized by similar genetic and immunological factors. The emergence of genetically engineered biological drugs has changed the prognosis for both musculo-skeletal diseases and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The intersection of the therapeutic spectrum in CID is a very important point in choosing the tactics of management of patients with these pathologies. This clinical case demonstrates the importance of early diagnosis of immunoinflammatory diseases and application of genetically engineered biological drugs, that contributes to prevention disability and enhancement of quality of life of IBD patients. It is concluded that treatment of immunoinflammatory diseases should be carried out taking into account the course of the IBD and the multidisciplinary approach, which requires close cooperation of doctors of various specialties.

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Kruglova, L. S., E. A. Shatokhina, A. S. Polonskaya, and A. Yu Syryseva. "Choice of frst drug of genetically engineered therapy: Benefts of guselcumab." Medical alphabet, no. 8 (May 18, 2022): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2022-8-48-55.

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When choosing the frst drug for genetically engineered biological therapy (GEBT), the following are taken into account: the psoriasis phenotype, diagnosed PsA or predictors of its development, the presence of comorbid pathology, contraindications, dosing regimen, the rate of onset of the effect, and the ‘survival rate’. With the advent of new classes of GEBT-drugs, the concept of ‘treat to target’ has been formed, in accordance with which the importance of achieving clear or almost clear skin as a goal of psoriasis therapy has been noted, since studies have shown that achieving clear or almost clear skin (PASI 90, 100) correlates with higher indicators of health-related quality of life. The concept is reduced to the long-term prescription of highly effective and safe therapies (methods) with a high level of evidence in medicine (A, B). The evolution of GIBT has led to the emergence of a new class of anti-IL-23 drugs. The article presents data from clinical studies on the effcacy and safety of the use of the interleukin-23 blocker guselcumab. Own clinical cases are presented with a discussion of the choice made in favor of guselcumab as the frst genetically engineered drug.Conclusions. Data from clinical trials on the high effcacy, ‘survival rate’ and safety of guselcumab in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis allows, including those with comorbid pathology, to consider it as a starting therapy using genetically engineered drugs. The data of our own results of observation allow us to conclude that guselkumab is highly effective in psoriasis of smooth skin, as well as in lesions of the scalp, anogenital area, with involvement of the nail plates in the process, which justifes its appointment as the frst GIBT drug.

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Tarasova, D. D., L. N. Shilova, M. V. Korolyova, E. G. Korenskaya, and A. V. Feoktistova. "Ulcerative colitis in combination with ankylosing spondylitis: clinical case." Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology 183, no. 11 (November 14, 2020): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-183-11-147-150.

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The combination of inﬂammatory bowel diseases with lesions of the spine and joints is an topical problem for modern medicine. A case of combination of ulcerative colitis and sacroiliitis is presented. The patient is recommended the therapy of genetically engineered biologic drugs.

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Varticovski, L., M. G. Hollingshead, M. R. Anver, A. I. Robles, J. E. Green, K. W. Hunter, G. Merlino, et al. "Preclinical testing using tumors from genetically engineered mouse mammary models." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 10067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.10067.

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10067 Background: Mouse models have been used extensively in preclinical testing of anticancer drugs. However, few of these models reflect the progression of human disease, and even fewer predict the performance of these drugs in clinical trials. Testing anticancer therapies in genetically engineered mouse (GEM) holds the promise of improving preclinical models and guiding the design of clinical trials. Unfortunately, the use of tumor-bearing GEM is hampered by the difficulty in simultaneously obtaining sufficient numbers of animals with the same stage of tumor development. The additional complexity in testing breast cancer therapies in the mouse is that all 10 mammary glands can develop tumors, frequently at different times. Methods: To circumvent the variable tumor latency and lack of synchrony in GEM, we transplanted tumor fragments or cell suspensions from multiple mammary tumor-bearing GEM into the mammary fat pad or subcutaneously into naïve syngeneic, immunodeficient athymic nude, or scid mice. Results: Tumors transplanted as fragments or cell suspensions derived from anterior mammary gland grew faster than the posterior tumors for serial passages without any significant morphologic differences. Cell suspensions using fresh or frozen cells were equally effective in generating tumors, and increasing the numbers of transplanted cells resulted in faster tumor growth. The transplantation strategy was reproducible in multiple breast cancer mouse models, including MMTV-PyMT, -Her2/neu, -wnt1/p53, BRCA1/p53, and others. Metastatic disease in the lungs was evident after removing the primary tumors at different rates for each mouse model. The transplanted primary tumors and the tumors arising in the original GEM had similar morphologic appearance and sensitivity to several chemotherapeutic and novel molecular targeted agents. Conclusions: We have established transplantable synchronous mammary tumors from GEM which also develop metastatic disease. These valuable mouse models are suitable for studying tumor-host interactions, tumor progression, and preclinical testing in a well-characterized molecular and genetic background. Testing these GEM tumors for conventional and novel molecular targeted therapies will be discussed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Shilova, L. N., and S. S. Spitsina. "Possibilities of personalized approach to genetically engineered biological therapy of rheumatoid arthritis." Medical alphabet, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2021-16-35-40.

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Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common rheumatic disease characterized by damage to the synovium, progressive destruction of cartilage and bone tissue. As a result of the establishment of the biological role of cytokines, it became possible to intervene in the main links of the pathogenesis of the disease, which led to inhibition of the main pathological process in RA – autoimmune inflammation.The aim. To consider the possibilities of optimizing the biological therapy of rheumatoid arthritis by identifying predictors of anti-inflammatory efficacy among clinical and laboratory markers.Basic provisions. Despite the success of genetically engineered biological drugs in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis, due to the lack of predictive biomarkers, the use of a trial and error approach, empirical therapy, is inevitable, which does not always lead to satisfactory results. The study of the main biomarkers of RA provides new insights into their potential association with various clinical phenotypes.Conclusion. This patient-centered approach offers the prospect of improving treatment outcomes through the use of specific drugs in certain patient groups.

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Mohd Janib, Siti Najila, Radu O. Minea, Steve D. Swenson, ShuangLong Liu, Martha K. Pastuszka, Frank S. Markland, Peter S. Conti, ZiBo Li, and J. Andrew Mackay. "The Design of Elastin-Like Polypeptides (ELPs) as a Nanoparticulate-Based Therapeutic and Diagnostic Imaging Agent." Advanced Materials Research 1024 (August 2014): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1024.287.

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The goal of our study is to develop genetically engineered polypeptides that self-assemble into nanoparticulates, which can present functional moieties on their exterior and sequester drugs and/or imaging agents within their interior. These particulates are intended to improve the detection and treatment of malignancy.

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Kalmykov, R. S., E. M. Safonenkov, and L. P. Zharkova. "THE USE OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED BIOLOGICAL DRUGS FOR THERAPY WITH SARS-COV-2." Вестник Смоленской государственной медицинской академии 21, no. 2 (2022): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37903/vsgma.2022.2.7.

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Kito, Hiroyuki, Fumiaki Suzuki, Shunji Nagahara, Yasuhide Nakayama, Yoko Tsutsui, Nobumasa Tsutsui, Nobuyuki Nakajima, and Takehisa Matsuda. "A Total Delivery System of Genetically Engineered Drugs or Cells for Diseased Vessels." ASAIO Journal 40, no. 3 (July 1994): M260—M266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002480-199407000-00005.

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Balabanova, Rimma Mikhailovna, V. N. Amirdzhanova, and E. L. Nasonov. "USE OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED BIOLOGICAL DRUGS FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Rheumatology Science and Practice, no. 6 (December 15, 2012): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2012-1286.

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Hwang, Insung. "Change in Regulation is Necessary for Genetically Engineered Mosquitoes." Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law, no. 6.1 (2016): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.36640/mjeal.6.1.change.

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Millions of genetically engineered (GE) mosquitoes could soon be released in Key West, Florida as an effort to eradicate wild mosquitoes that are transmitters of diseases such as malaria, dengue, and chikungunya. Both international and domestic regulations fail to provide effective regulatory schemes that can facilitate the application of this technology while ensuring all safety and environmental aspects are properly addressed. The Food and Drug Administration’s assertion of jurisdiction is based on its assessment that the GE mosquitoes are “animal drugs” under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. This is especially troublesome because the end goal of using these mosquitoes is to prevent diseases in humans, which are not “animals” under the statute. Also, the current scheme only regulates the engineered gene inside the mosquito, but not the mosquito itself, and fails to account for the fact that the mosquito is a living animal that acts separately and independently from the engineered gene inside. Moreover, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s voluntary abrogation of jurisdiction is questionable because it had asserted jurisdiction on other GE insects and accumulated extensive experience in dealing with such issues. Instead, Mexico’s approach of establishing a separate federal-level regulatory body specifically for genetically modified organisms could be instructive. No matter what the solution, some change in regulation addressing GE mosquitoes has become even more urgent with the recent spread of Zika virus in the U.S.

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Mazhar, Sayyeda Farwa, Muhammad Afzal, Ahmad Almatroudi, Samman Munir, Usman Ali Ashfaq, Maria Rasool, Hammad Raza, Hafiz Muhammad Waqas Munir, Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka, and Mohsin Khurshid. "The Prospects for the Therapeutic Implications of Genetically Engineered Probiotics." Journal of Food Quality 2020 (April 7, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9676452.

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The interest in the therapeutic use of probiotic microorganisms has been increased during the last decade although the doubts have ascended about the probiotics mainly because their beneficial effects are not fully understood, and, in many cases, their usefulness has not been validated in clinical trials. Consequently, the notion got a considerable interest in those strains having proven probiotic potential to be engineered for improvement in their beneficial features. The process of genetic engineering can also be used for probiotic strains for the reversion of antimicrobial resistance and other modifications for their safer and effective human applications. The lactic acid bacilli are predominantly opposite as they already have gained attention owing to their health-promoting benefits and their safety for human consumption; therefore, their use, especially as a delivery agent of vaccines and drugs, is gaining attention. The tailoring of probiotic strains will not only improve the data regarding the probiotic potential of these strains but also clinch the doubts concerning these probiotics. This article focuses on the approaches of bioengineered probiotics and discusses the potential prospects for their therapeutic applications including immunomodulation, cognitive health, and anticancer therapeutics.

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Protzer, U., and H. Abken. "Can Engineered “Designer” T Cells Outsmart Chronic Hepatitis B?" Hepatitis Research and Treatment 2010 (September 21, 2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/901216.

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More than 350 million people worldwide are persistently infected with human heptatitis B virus (HBV) and at risk to develop liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma making long-term treatment necessary. While a vaccine is available and new antiviral drugs are being developed, elimination of persistently infected cells is still a major issue. Recent efforts in adoptive cell therapy are experimentally exploring immunotherapeutic elimination of HBV-infected cells by means of a biological attack with genetically engineered “designer” T cells.

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Doehmer, J., A. Seidel, F. Oesch, and H. R. Glatt. "Genetically engineered V79 Chinese hamster cells metabolically activate the cytostatic drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide." Environmental Health Perspectives 88 (August 1990): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.908863.

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Dmitrieva, A. A., and E. V. Dmitriev. "Risks of uveitis recurrence in juvenile idiopathic arthritis." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 6 (November 9, 2022): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2022-6-71-75.

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This paper analyses the medical cases of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis with eye damage. The analysis results show that basic methotrexate chemotherapy singly or in combination with genetically engineered biological drugs is the most effective solution for controlling the disease process of uveitis. Reduction of age-specific dosage or withdrawal of drugs with sustained clinical laboratory remissions of uveitis bears the risks of recurrence or occurrence of damage to the membranes of the eye. Keywords: uveitis, rheumatoid arthritis, therapy

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Chesi, Marta, Geoffrey M. Matthews, Victoria M. Garbitt, Stephen E. Palmer, Jake Shortt, Marcus Lefebure, A. Keith Stewart, Ricky W. Johnstone, and P. Leif Bergsagel. "Drug response in a genetically engineered mouse model of multiple myeloma is predictive of clinical efficacy." Blood 120, no. 2 (July 12, 2012): 376–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-02-412783.

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Abstract The attrition rate for anticancer drugs entering clinical trials is unacceptably high. For multiple myeloma (MM), we postulate that this is because of preclinical models that overemphasize the antiproliferative activity of drugs, and clinical trials performed in refractory end-stage patients. We validate the Vk*MYC transgenic mouse as a faithful model to predict single-agent drug activity in MM with a positive predictive value of 67% (4 of 6) for clinical activity, and a negative predictive value of 86% (6 of 7) for clinical inactivity. We identify 4 novel agents that should be prioritized for evaluation in clinical trials. Transplantation of Vk*MYC tumor cells into congenic mice selected for a more aggressive disease that models end-stage drug-resistant MM and responds only to combinations of drugs with single-agent activity in untreated Vk*MYC MM. We predict that combinations of standard agents, histone deacetylase inhibitors, bromodomain inhibitors, and hypoxia-activated prodrugs will demonstrate efficacy in the treatment of relapsed MM.

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Nekhaeva, Tatyana, A. Chernov, Yana Toropova, Mikhail Galagudza, and Irina Baldueva. "VARIETY OF TUMOR MODELS FOR TESTING ANTITUM TREATMENT ACTIVITY OF SUBSTANCES IN MICE." Problems in oncology 66, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2020-66-4-353-363.

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Selection of tolerated and toxic doses, schemes of therapy for new anticancer drugs, assessment of its toxicity, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, study of the mechanism of action and tumor sensitivity are carried out using models of human tumors in mice. The review contains a diverse description of experimental models (transplantable, genetically engineered, humanized, autochthonous, orthotopic, heterotopic and metastatic) tumors using laboratory mice. The advantages, disadvantages, directions and specific features of the use of mouse models, their role in the study of mechanisms of action of antitumor drugs are considered on the examples of recent research.

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Burashnikova, I. S. Burashnikova. "The rationale for re-administration of genetically engineered biological drugs in patients with COVID-19." Pharmateca 8_2021 (August 16, 2021): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2021.8.11-14.

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Satybaldyev, Azamat Makhmudovich. "Giant cell arteritis. Part III. New trends in its treatment (role of genetically engineered drugs)." Modern Rheumatology Journal, no. 1 (March 15, 2013): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2013-2364.

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Meghani, Zahra. "Genetically Engineered Animals, Drugs, and Neoliberalism: The Need for a New Biotechnology Regulatory Policy Framework." Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 30, no. 6 (November 21, 2017): 715–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10806-017-9696-1.

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Stolyarov, I. D., G. N. Bisaga, M. V. Votintseva, A. G. Ilves, I. G. Nikiforova, N. V. Nikolaeva, M. S. Rudas, et al. "Some modern methods of diagnosis and pathogenetic therapy of multiple sclerosis." Neurology Bulletin XXXIV, no. 1-2 (April 15, 2002): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb87566.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects young people and quickly leads to disability. Until now, the pathogenesis of this neurological disease, which is the most expensive for society, has not been fully elucidated, and the drugs used to treat MS patients can only slightly suspend but not interrupt the development of the disease. At the same time, the possibilities of diagnosing and treating MS have expanded due to the active study and implementation of neuroimaging, neuroimmunological and neurophysiological methods, and the use of new immunocorrecting genetically engineered drugs.

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Alekseeva, Ekaterina I., Dariya D. Van’kova, Margarita A. Soloshenko, Tatyana M. Dvoryakovskaya, Kseniya B. Isaeva, Rina V. Denisova, Anna V. Mamutova, Aleksandra M. Chomahidze, Nikolay A. Mayanskiy, and Natalya E. Tkachenko. "Pneumococcal Vaccine in Patients with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Receiving Biologic Therapy: International Practice Review." Current Pediatrics 18, no. 2 (June 23, 2019): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v18i2.2012.

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International practice of immunization against pneumococcus in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) receiving biological therapy is generalized in this review. High efficiency and safety of pneumococcal vaccines in children with SJIA is presented. Numerous researches show the adequate immune response after vaccination as well as alongside with genetically engineered biologic drugs therapy. Prevention of pneumococcal disease in patients with SJIA reduces the risk of development of pneumococcal diseases severe complications.

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Rosochkina, E. A., G. V. Lukina, E. N. Koltsova, K. A. Lytkina, E. I. Shmidt, A. I. Zagrebneva, and E. V. Zhilyaev. "Comparative efficacy of genetically engineered biological drugs in real clinical practice according to the Moscow Unified Arthritis Registry (MUAR) data." Russian Medical Inquiry 5, no. 2 (2021): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-2-58-63.

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Background: the list expansion of genetically engineered biological drugs (GEBD) used for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) determines the relevance of studies aimed at comparing them and determining their place in this disease treatment. Real clinical practice studies are the preferred source of this data type. Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of various GEBD in patients with AS according to the Moscow Unified Arthritis Registry (MUAR). Material and methods: the analysis of the MUAR data was carried out. These included clinical cases with GEBD, for which there were data of a completed visit after 6 months or more after the treatment initiation. Parameters values achieved during treatment with various drugs were analyzed. The comparison was conducted during a multivariate analysis with adjustments for the identified confounders. Non-clinical parameters that were reliably and independently associated with the achieved BASDAI index (CRP) values were considered as confounders. Results: the study included 363 treatment episodes with GEBP in 361 patients. As mutually independent significant predictors of the achieved ASDAS (confounders) values, GEBD treatment duration were established until the evaluation of indicators (p<0.001) and the age of the patient (p=0.006). Significant association between the established values of the studied parameters and the used GEBD were found for the achieved ASDAS (p=0.033) and ESR (p=0.007) values. In a pairwise drug comparison using the conservative Šidák correction, the achieved values of ASDAS and ESR during infliximab and adalimumab administration were significantly less than during certolizumab pegol administration. Conclusion: infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, certolizumab pegol, golimumab, secukinumab in real clinical practice demonstrate generally similar clinical efficacy in the treatment of AS. The effect of golimumab and secukinumab, recently introduced into clinical practice, does not significantly differ from the effect produced by long-term TNF-α inhibitors. Certain disease activity preservation in a significant part of patients gives grounds to continue the search for new treatment methods. KEYWORDS: ankylosing spondylitis, genetically engineered biological drugs, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, C-reactive protein, confounders, registry. FOR CITATION: Rosochkina E.A., Lukina G.V., Koltsova E.N. et al. Comparative efficacy of genetically engineered biological drugs in real clinical practice according to the Moscow Unified Arthritis Registry (MUAR) data. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(2):58–63. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-2-58-63.

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Sevostyanov, V. K., P. S. Lototskaya, N. V. Babich, D. D. Rassoha, A. S. Novikov, S. L. Balashov, and E. S. Zholobova. "ANALYSIS OF THE SURVIVAL OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED BIOLOGICAL THERAPY IN JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS." Pediatria. Journal named after G.N. Speransky 101, no. 4 (August 19, 2022): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24110/0031-403x-2022-101-4-55-63.

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The problem of the survival of various genetically engineered biological drugs (GEBD) is of a current scientific interest. A clear analysis of the reasons for the withdrawal coupled with the GEBD switching algorithmizing would allow developing of the individual treatment plans and monitoring of the patients. The objective of the study was to analyze the survival of genetically engineered biological therapy in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) through identifying the frequency and structure of cases of switching/cancellation of GEBD. Materials and methods: based on the data obtained from the Moscow registry of children with rheumatic diseases, an observational analytical cross-sectional study was conducted, including patients with JIA aged 0 to 17 years old living in Moscow, who had a history of episodes of switching or cancellation of GEBD. The study was conducted from January, 2015 to December, 2021. Results: 1220 patients (35.8% male/64.2% female) with JIA were included in the study. The median age of patients was 11.0 (8.0; 15.0) years. The total number of prescribing of GEBD of the first and subsequent lines was 589 episodes in 531 patients, of which 46 patients had 64 episodes of switching or cancellation of GEBD, which accounted for 10.9% of all cases of prescribing of GEBD. In the structure of the reasons for the therapy change the secondary failure accounted for 57.8%, the primary failure - 12.5%, intolerance - 10.9%, de novo uveitis - 9.4%. Cancellation of the drug therapy due to the achievement of remission was noted in 6.2% of cases. There are statistically significant differences in the duration of therapy depending on the reason for discontinuation or replacement of therapy (p<0.001). More often, patients were transferred to adalimumab (29.3%), and when adalimumab was canceled, to tocilizumab and golimumab. In the event of tocilizumab discontinuation, the majority of patients were switched to canakinumab drug therapy. Conclusion: the presented analysis is one of a few studies of such kind that were ever conducted in Russia; it requires further accumulation and analysis of data, including cases of discontinuation of the drug therapy, switching between the drugs, as well as the duration of therapy before the event that caused the change or discontinuation of the drug therapy happened.

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Galstyan, L. A., E. S. Zholobova, S. N. Chebysheva, A. V. Meleshkina, V. A. Seraya, and O. Yu Loskutova. "Uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 64, no. 2 (May 15, 2019): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-2-30-37.

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Rheumatoid uveitis is a serious problem in rheumatology and ophthalmology due to the peculiarities of the disease – an undistinguished beginning, chronic course and a high incidence of disabling complications. The article analyzes various data on the development and nature of uveitis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The authors describe the analysis of the results of various studies of this disease. They consider the features and results of treatment of children with rheumatoid uveitis using genetically engineered biological drugs.

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Nascimento-Gonçalves, Elisabete, Bruno A. L. Mendes, Rita Silva-Reis, Ana I. Faustino-Rocha, Adelina Gama, and Paula A. Oliveira. "Animal Models of Colorectal Cancer: From Spontaneous to Genetically Engineered Models and Their Applications." Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 4 (April 5, 2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8040059.

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Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies in humans, affecting approximately 1.8 million people worldwide. This disease has a major social impact and high treatment costs. Animal models allow us to understand and follow the colon cancer progression; thus, in vivo studies are essential to improve and discover new ways of prevention and treatment. Dietary natural products have been under investigation for better and natural prevention, envisioning to show their potential. This manuscript intends to provide the readers a review of rodent colorectal cancer models available in the literature, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, as well as their potential in the evaluation of several drugs and natural compounds’ effects on colorectal cancer.

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Siegfried, Michael. "The Inner City in the 21st Century." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 8, no. 1 (1996): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis199681/22.

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Drugs and crime are resounding issues with regard to contemporary cities. As we approach the twenty-first century, their impact on American cities in particular requires attention. The realities of life facing the residents of inner cities today are leading to a future that may resemble in many ways Aldous Huxley's dystopia. Brave New World. Unless a serious national commitment is made to alter present trajectories, the future may well be one in which drugs, crime, and social pathologies, combined with a lack of educational and economic opportunities, relegate many people to the bottom of society, enslaved by soma and casual sexual gratification, eerily reminiscent of Huxley's genetically-engineered society.

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Burashnikova, I. S. Burashnikova. "The rationale for the combined use of genetically engineered biological drugs in patients with COVID-19." Pharmateca 8_2021 (August 16, 2021): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2021.8.15-19.

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Sizova, Ol'ga Aleksandrovna, Nataliya Vladimirovna Efremova, and Zoya Sergeevna Rumyantseva. "LUNG DAMAGE AS A COMPLICATION OF SYSTEMIC JUVENILE ARTHRITIS." Ulyanovsk Medico-biological Journal, no. 4 (December 26, 2022): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/2227-1848-2022-4-38-48.

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According to modern science, systemic juvenile arthritis (sJA) is an autoinflammatory disease characterized by severe systemic manifestations and life-threatening complications. This article discusses the developmental predictors, clinical and radiological manifestations and pathogenetic features of the disease. Particular attention is paid to genetically engineered biological therapy. Numerous pulmonary complications are now known in sJA children, including interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and lipoid pneumonia. Fatality rate in sJA patients increases against the macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) development and pulmonary hypertension, which occurs with proliferation of endothelial cells, muscle tissue and fibroblasts in the lungs vessels. A more severe disease progression is typical for children with genetic defects. SAM and PAP relapses are observed more often in such patients. Instrumental diagnostic methods helped to identify, 5 subtypes determining the lung tissue damage in sJA. Computer tomography (CT) revealed the main signs of lung damage in sJA patients: ground-glass opacity, crazy-paving sign, thickening of the bronchial wall, interlobar septum, pleura, peripheral consolidation, and lymphadenopathy. Due to the high level of sJA activity, children were prescribed genetically engineered biological drugs (GEBP). Timely therapeutic correction is necessary to exclude life-threatening adverse reactions. Under dynamic observation, it is possible to diagnose lung damage in children at the early stage and to control the pathology. The purpose of this review is to systematize the existing data on developmental predictors, pathogenetic features of the disease, sJA clinical and radiological manifestations, and genetically engineered biological therapy as a method of sJA treatment.

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Meshcheryakova, A., and A. Vorobyova. "CHRONIC DEMYELINIZING POLYNEUROPATHY: ETIOPATHOGENETIC, CLINICAL ASPECTS, MODERN DIRECTIONS OF MEDICAL THERAPY." National Association of Scientists 1, no. 67 (June 15, 2021): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2021.1.67.423.

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Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The article discusses the practical experience of using off label therapy with rituximab in the complex treatment of a patient with a progressive course of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Due to the ineffectiveness of standard therapy, the option of treatment with genetically engineered drugs (rituximab) was considered. The use of rituximab contributed to the achievement of positive dynamics and an improvement in the patient's quality of life.

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Siddeswari T, Panneerselvam P, Vijayamma G, Nithya Kalyani K, Jeslin D, and Suryasree Y. "Design and validation of the Gingkolide estimation using RP-HPLC analytical tool." International Research Journal of Pharmaceutical and Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/irjpas.v11i1.1394.

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Gingkolide is an antiseizure medicine used as an adjuvant of partial seizures and GAD to relieve neuropathic pain. It binds to the very high affinity alpha delta site in the CNS. Although the drug's mechanism remains unclear, in genetically engineered mice and other anticonvulsive models, findings showed that it binds to alpha receptors. A rapid rise in the number of drugs added to each class of drugs has been noted. Whether in a single or multi-drug delivery form, these medications are developed into newer formulations. These newest formulations put on the market need a new investigation to estimate the medication in the formulations. In the scientific literature, the current analytical procedures for such drugs are available, but not all approaches are stable and economical to use. Few other techniques are often time-consuming. The goal of this work was to develop an RP-HPLC analytical tool for Gingkolide estimation. The drug's RP-PLC study meets the drug's optimum integrity, suitability, regeneration. The drug's LOQ and LOD were reached with elevated sensitivity. Overall, the results show that the recommended analytical approach in the formulation should be used to evaluate the drug. For regular study of the medication in its dosage form, this approach may be recommended.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Genetically engineered drugs'

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