Relevant bibliographies by topics / Genes

Academic literature on the topic 'Genes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Genes"

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Beiter, T., and M. Velders. "Pimp My Genes - Gendoping zwischen Fakten und Fiktionen." Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin 2012, no. 05 (May 1, 2012): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2012.019.

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Watts, G. "Genes, genes, genes." BMJ 326, no. 7392 (April 5, 2003): 732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7392.732.

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Hogarth, Stuart, and Richard Sullivan. "Genes, genes, genes." Lancet Oncology 14, no. 3 (March 2013): e88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(13)70042-1.

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Liu, Junjie, Peng Li, Liuyang Lu, Lanfen Xie, Xiling Chen, and Baizhong Zhang. "Selection and evaluation of potential reference genes for gene expression analysis in Avena fatua Linn." Plant Protection Science 55, No. 1 (November 20, 2018): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/20/2018-pps.

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Eight commonly used candidate reference genes, 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (18S), 28S rRNA (28S), actin (ACT), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1α), ribosomal protein L7 (RPL7), Alpha-tubulin (α-TUB), and TATA box binding protein-associated factor (TBP), were evaluated under various experimental conditions to assess their suitability in different developmental stages, tissues and herbicide treatments in Avena fatua. The results indicated the most suitable reference genes for the different experimental conditions. For developmental stages, 28S and EF1α were the optimal reference genes, both EF1α and 28S were suitable for experiments of different tissues, whereas for herbicide treatments, GAPDH and ACT were suitable for normalizations of expression data. In addition, GAPDH and EF1α were the suitable reference genes.
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Wei, X. K., Y. Z. Zhong, Y. Pan, X. N. Li, J. J. Liang, and T. R. Luo. "The N and P genes facilitate pathogenicity of the rabies virus G gene." Veterinární Medicína 63, No. 12 (December 3, 2018): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/63/2018-vetmed.

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To explore the effects of different gene combinations on the pathogenicity of the rabies virus (RABV), six chimeric RABV mutants, rRC-HL(G), rRC-HL(NG), rRC-HL(PG), rRC-HL(NP), rRC-HL(NM) and rRC-HL(NPG), were constructed using a reverse genetic technique based on an avirulent parental rRC-HL strain and a virulent parental GX074 isolate. These mutants were intracerebrally inoculated into adult mice. The results indicated that 10<sup>2</sup> ffu and 10<sup>6</sup> ffu of rRC-HL(G), rRC-HL(NG), rRC-HL(PG) and rRC-HL(NPG) were 100% lethal. In the case of intramuscular viral infection, none of the mice inoculated with 10<sup>2 </sup>ffu of any of the RABV mutants, including GX074, died; at 10<sup>6 </sup>ffu, rRC-HL(G) was lethal in 2/5 cases, rRC-HL(NG) was lethal in 1/5 cases and rRC-HL(PG) was lethal for 2/5 mice. The rRC-HL(NPG) mutant was fatal for 3/5 mice, as was the parental GX074. Furthermore, the LD<sub>50</sub> values of the chimeric RABV mutants were measured, with the results showing that the LD<sub>50</sub> values of both rRC-HL(NG) and rRC-HL(PG) were lower than that of rRC-HL(G), but higher than that of rRC-HL(NPG). Thus, the action of N + G, or P + G, or N + P + G gene combinations may be more pronounced than that of the G gene alone. Body weight changes and the clinical symptoms of the tested mice were consistent with pathogenicity. These data indicate that the N and P genes are involved in and facilitate the pathogenicity of the RABV G gene. These experiments provide further evidence that multi-gene cooperation is responsible for the virulence of RABV.
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Faltusová, Zuzana, Kateřina Vaculová, Jozef Pavel, Ilona Svobodová, Jana Hajšlová, and Jaroslava Ovesná. "Fusarium culmorum Tri genes and barley Hvugt13248 gene transcription in infected barley cultivars." Plant Protection Science 55, No. 3 (May 17, 2019): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/21/2018-pps.

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The transcription activities of genes somehow associated with the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis, namely Fusarium Tri genes, and the barley gene coding for UDP-glycosyltransferase (HvUGT13248) on different genetic backgrounds were compared. Determining the amount of the pathogen DNA was used as a useful tool for evaluating the infestation of barley cultivars. Amounts of the pathogen DNA differed in six barley cultivars infected by F. culmorum. Transcription of HvUGT13248 was related to DON content in the samples. Low pathogenic infection and low DON content were accompanied by increased Fusarium Tri10 transcription in resistant cv. Amulet. This finding confirmed our recent results and makes us propose using this change as a possible marker of barley resistance against Fusarium.
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O'Hare, Kevin. "Genes within genes." Trends in Genetics 2 (January 1986): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9525(86)90167-8.

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McCarthy, Nicola. "Genes, genes everywhere..." Nature Reviews Cancer 12, no. 8 (July 5, 2012): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc3323.

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Li, M., X. Wu, X. Guo, P. Bao, X. Ding, M. Chu, C. Liang, and P. Yan. "Identification of optimal reference genes for examination of gene expression in different tissues of fetal yaks." Czech Journal of Animal Science 62, No. 10 (September 11, 2017): 426–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/75/2016-cjas.

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Reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) is widely used to study the relative abundance of mRNA transcripts because of its sensitivity and reliable quantification. However, the reliability of the interpretation of expression data is influenced by several complex factors, including RNA quality, transcription activity, and PCR efficiency, among others. To avoid experimental errors arising from potential variation, the selection of appropriate reference genes to normalize gene expression is essential. In this study, 10 commonly used reference genes – ACTB, B2M, HPRT1, GAPDH, 18SrRNA, 28SrRNA, PPIA, UBE2D2, SDHA, and TBP – were selected as candidate reference genes for six fetal tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and forehead skin) of yak (Bos grunniens). The transcription stability of the candidate reference genes was evaluated using geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper. The results showed that the combination of TBP and ACTB provided high-quality data for further study. In contrast, the commonly used reference genes 28SrRNA, SDHA, GAPDH, and B2M should not be used for endogenous controls because of their unstable expression in this study. The reference genes that could be used in future gene expression studies in yaks were indentified.
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Ge, Dongya, and Yixue Li. "Songs of Genes, by Genes, for Genes." Leonardo 45, no. 1 (February 2012): 96–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00349.

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The authors have defined a new concept of “base_position” and translated the protein-coding sequence to a sequence consisting of 12 base_positions. The authors developed a new algorithm for translating the base_position sequence to a melody with a range of at most a twelfth and without leaps larger than an octave, which should be turned upside-down by a step or small skip after a big leap and was used as the musical theme. The lyric was written according to the summary of the gene. The authors propose a new action of expressing respect to genes by creating songs of genes, by genes, for genes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Genes"

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Heglind, Mikael. "Functional studies of two forkhead genes /." Göteborg : Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/21481.

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Knight, Deborah. "Novel schizophrenia risk genes and gene expression." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/47378/.

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ZNF804A was (at the time this work started) one of only a few robustly implicated schizophrenia susceptibility genes, due to replicated genome-wide significant evidence for association between a polymorphism in the gene and schizophrenia. Determining the function of the ZNF804A protein, which is currently unknown, may provide a way of elucidating the pathophysiology of this relatively common, complex disorder. Based on the hypothesis that the ZNF804A protein regulates gene expression or splicing, the aim of this thesis was to identify genes that exhibit altered expression or splicing in brain tissue from mice in which the orthologue Zfp804a carries a nonsense mutation. No robust evidence was obtained that showed the effects of the mutation on differential expression in individual genes. Although this finding does not support the hypothesis that ZNF804A acts directly to regulate gene expression, the results may reflect the possibility that effects on gene expression may be too subtle to be detected using the methods applied. Evidence was obtained to show the mutation affected the alternative splicing of a number of individual genes, which could suggest a role for ZNF804A in the direct or indirect regulation of alternative splicing. Through RNA sequencing, I identified a novel transcript in Zfp804a with an alternative exon upstream of the Refseq exon 1. I also showed that a proportion of the significant splicing differences identified in mutants were artefacts of strain differences in gene sequences that are likely to affect the efficiency of hybridisation on the exon array. Genes identified as differentially spliced between mutants and wildtypes were enriched in axon guidance and cell adhesion pathways, both thought to be important during development. The findings of this thesis suggest the novel hypothesis that ZNF804A effects risk for schizophrenia via aberrant splicing in the above pathways that are critical to normal brain development. Further studies with increased power are required to understand the effects on gene expression.
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Kruskopf, Österberg Marita. "From QTLs to genes : flowering time variation and CONSTANS-LIKE genes in the black mustard /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7900.

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Berggren, Petra. "Molecular changes in the tumour suppressor genes p53 and CDKN2A/ARF in human urinary bladder cancer /." Stockholm : [Karolinska institutets bibl.], 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-128-4.

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Bakatselou, Christina. "Genes of mitochondrial origin in the genus Entamoeba." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2002. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/1343269/.

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Entamoeba histolytica is the protozoan parasite that causes amoebic dysentery and amoebic liver abscesses in humans. For many years it was believed to be a primitive organism because it lacks many typical eukaryotic features including mitochondria. Recently, two genes that in other organisms encode proteins normally found in the mitochondrion have been isolated, giving evidence for the secondary loss of mitochondrial function in E. histolytica. These are the pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase (PNT) and the mitochondrial chaperonin cpn60 genes. In this study we isolated and characterised a gene encoding a mitochondrial-type heat shock protein 70 from E. histolytica. cDNA and genomic library clones have been isolated and sequenced. Comparison with previously published sequences confirmed the assumption that E. histolytica comes from mitochondrion - bearing ancestors. Southern blot hybridisation revealed there are two copies of the gene in the genome. Northern blot analysis revealed two transcripts hybridising to the mt-hsp70 probe that differ in length and which are induced by heat shock. In addition, an apparently noncoding, polyadenylated RNA that is also induced by heat shock is encoded immediately upstream of the mitochondrial-type hsp70 gene. Expression analysis was also performed in four other Entamoeba species. Partial cpn60, PNT, and mt-hsp70 genes were isolated and the size of the mRNAs and their heat shock induction levels were investigated by hybridisation to these probes. The similarity of the mt-hsp70 amino terminus to those of hydrogenosomal proteins in conjunction with the phylogenetic analyses suggests it is also likely to be targeted to the mitochondrion-derived organelle of E. histolytica known as the mitosome.
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Berggren, Bremdal Karin. "Evolution of MHC Genes and MHC Gene Expression." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Evolutionsbiologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-122011.

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Polymorphism in coding regions and regions controlling gene expression is the major determinant of adaptive differences in natural populations. Genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) possess a high level of genetic variation, which is maintained by selection over long coalescence times. MHC genes encode antigen-presenting molecules in the adaptive immune system, which protects the host from infectious diseases. However, MHC molecules may also present self-peptides and for most autoimmune diseases there is a genetic factor associated with the MHC. MHC genes have been used to learn about the interplay of selection and historical population events. In domestic dogs and their progenitor, the wolf, I explored factors associated with domestication and breed formation and their influence not only on MHC coding regions but also on the haplotypic structure of the class II region. Polymorphism and strong selection was demonstrated in the proximal promoters of MHC genes in dogs and wolves. Hence, genetic variation associated with MHC gene expression may have at least equal importance for a well functioning immune system. Associations between promoter sequences and particular coding alleles suggested allele-specific expression patterns. SNP haplotypes of the MHC class II region revealed ancestral as well as convergent haplotypes, in which combinations of alleles are kept by selection. Interestingly, weaker allelic associations were found between different genes and between coding regions and promoters in dogs compared to wolves. Potentially, this could cause insufficient defense against infections and predispose dogs to autoimmune diseases. For example, I identified a site in the promoter region that showed a consistent difference between haplotypes conferring susceptibility and protection to diabetes in dogs, which should be investigated further. Furthermore, I investigated how selection and demographic changes associated with glacial and inter-glacial periods have affected MHC variation in European hedgehogs and extended the prevailing knowledge concerning their population history.
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Williams, Catherine Felicia. "African horse sickness virus genes and gene products." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312217.

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Gasparini, Claudia Francesca. "Identification of Migraine Susceptibility Genes: Candidate Gene Studies." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367879.

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Migraine is a serious neurological disorder that affects the central nervous system causing painful attacks of headache. Attacks of head pain vary widely in intensity, frequency and duration lasting from anywhere between 4-72 hours and are often accompanied by further symptoms of nausea, vomiting, photo- and phonophobia. In 1988, a group of world leaders in the diagnosis of migraine formed the International Headache Society (IHS) and compiled and published a consensus set of diagnostic criteria known as International Classification of Headache Disorders, ICHD-I 1988. This was the first classification system and was subsequently updated in 2004, ICHD-II 2004 and more recently a 3rd Edition beta version has been released (ICHD-3rd Ed Beta Version) and is the gold standard for diagnosing headache disorders. Migraine displays two main subtypes termed migraine with or without aura (MA and MO respectively). The two forms are distinguished from each other based on the development of aura, a period of variable and diverse neurological symptoms that precede the headache phase.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Medical Science
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Jia, Yizhen, and 贾亦真. "Bioinformatics study of the lineage and tissue specificity of genes and gene expression." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45540652.

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Katabi, Maha M. "Transcriptional targeting of suicide genes in cancer gene therapy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0021/NQ55345.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Genes"

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Lewin, Benjamin. Genes. 3rd ed. New York: Wiley, 1987.

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1942-, Honjo T., Alt Frederick W, and Rabbitts T. H, eds. Immunoglobulin genes. London: Academic Press, 1989.

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Lewin, Benjamin. Genes VI. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

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Guimarães, Nuno M., and Luís M. Carriço. Hypermedia Genes. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02265-4.

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Atzmon, PhD, Gil, ed. Longevity Genes. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2404-2.

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Wilson, James W., Catherine Booth, and Christopher S. Potten. Apoptosis Genes. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5287-1.

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Anson, Donald S., ed. Reporter Genes. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-549-7.

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Grimm, Stefan, ed. Anticancer Genes. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6458-6.

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Lewin, Benjamin. Essential genes. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2006.

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Deutsch, Jean S., ed. Hox Genes. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6673-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "Genes"

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Evans, Glen A. "Genes and Gene Families Related to Immunoglobulin Genes." In Molecular Neurobiology, 225–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7488-0_7.

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Leigh, Hoyle. "Genes." In Genes, Memes, Culture, and Mental Illness, 41–49. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5671-2_6.

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Hausmann, Rudolf. "Genes." In To Grasp the Essence of Life, 23–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3540-7_2.

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Choudhury, Shalini Roy. "Genes." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 2901–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_11.

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Choudhury, Shalini Roy. "Genes." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_11-1.

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Snyder, Lori A. S. "Genes." In Bacterial Genetics and Genomics, 23–45. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: Garland Science, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003380436-4.

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Cook, L. M., and R. S. Callow. "Genes." In Genetic and Evolutionary Diversity, 66–77. London: Garland Science, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003421887-7.

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Nelkin, Dorothy, and M. Susan Lindee. "Good Genes and Bad Genes." In The Practices of Human Genetics, 155–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4718-7_7.

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Wilson, J. W., C. Booth, and C. S. Potten. "Introduction." In Apoptosis Genes, 1–4. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5287-1_1.

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Watson, Alastair, and Pedro Lowenstein. "Therapeutic manipulation of apoptosis in cancer and neurological disease." In Apoptosis Genes, 281–303. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5287-1_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Genes"

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Coorey, H., R. Jayatillaka, N. Jayathilaka, and N. Ambanpola. "Determining Differentially Expressed Genes in Dengue Patients during Disease Progression." In SLIIT International Conference on Advancements in Sciences and Humanities 2023. Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/ajrm6708.

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Gene expression studies on gene transcription to synthesize functional gene products have been used extensively to understand the biological differences between different disease conditions. Thus, this study determines differentially expressed genes in dengue infection during disease progression following the three phases: Febrile, Defervescence and Convalescent. Integrative data analysis of two publicly available longitudinal datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database has been employed to accomplish the prime objective of exploring temporal gene expression patterns. The Friedman test was given more emphasis due to the non-normality distributions of data. Since previous studies on gene expression have not primarily relied on normality assumption, repeated measures analysis of variance and linear mixed models were implemented to examine the potential of detecting differentially expressed genes despite non-normality. The Friedman test indicated that gene expression levels differentiate with different phases in dengue disease over time, resulting in a high number of significant differentially expressed genes compared to the other two techniques. The pathway analysis approach consists of significant differentially expressed genes derived from the Friedman test. The results identified 27 and 26 upregulated pathways for the “Febrile and Convalescent” and “Defervescence and Convalescent” groups respectively. Moreover, genes available in pathways were not identified by the two parametric tests for non-normal data implying that the parametric approaches resulted in the least significance for data with non-normal distributions.
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Da Silva, Carla Fernandes, Kuruvilla Joseph Abraham, and Evandro Eduardo Seron Ruiz. "Correlacionando genes e doenças através de caminhos metabólicos." In XVII Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Aplicada à Saúde. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbcas.2017.3725.

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Um dos principais desafios da ciência é identificar os fatores que causam essas doenças, dentre estes fatores estão os genes. Neste trabalho, será apresentada uma metodologia para priorizar genes e vias metabólicas relacionados a uma doença complexa, com o desafio de descobrir quais os genes podem contribuir para desencadear uma doença complexa. O objetivo é desenvolver uma metodologia para predição de gene-doença através da integração de dados de genes-doencas-vias metabólicas, visando a descoberta de novos genes associado a doença.
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Neitz, Jay, Maureen Neitz, and Gerald H. Jacobs. "More than three cone types in normal color vision?" In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.fm6.

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Normal human color vision is usually thought to be based on only three spectrally different cone types. However, two facts suggest the possibility that some color-normal males could have more than three cone pigment types: (1) Most people with normal color vision have more than two photopigment genes on each X-chromosome and (2) there appear to be genetically specified variations in spectral positions of the normal middle-wavelength-sensitive (MWS) and long-wavelength-sensitive (LWS) pigments. For example, a male might have one gene encoding an LWS pigment and two genes encoding slightly different MWS pigments. If all three different X-encoded genes were expressed in different cones, then this person would have four spectrally different cone types. How firm is the assumption that more than two of the X-encoded pigment genes can be expressed? Both analysis of the statistics of photopigment gene number among different color vision phenotypes and analysis of the arrangement of pigment genes on the X-chromosome yield insight into this aspect of photopigment gene expression. These analyses suggest that individuals with multiple pigment genes on the X-chromosome may express more than two of those genes.
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Neitz, Maureen. "Molecular genetics of red-green color vision." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.fm2.

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Genes encoding cone pigments sensitive to middle-to-long wavelengths lie in a head-to-tail tandem array on the X-chromosome. Although two X-encoded genes, one for long-wavelength-sensitive pigments and one for middle-wavelength-sensitive pigments, are sufficient to serve trichromatic color vision, most people have more than two such genes. The arrangement, location, and degree of homology of the pigment genes promote recombination within the tandem arrays. Such recombination events produce pigment-gene complements that differ in the number and sequences of individual genes and in the interrelationships between genes. The accumulation of recombination-generated changes over the span of evolutionary time has culminated in a large number of X-encoded photopigment gene complements in the human population. It is, thus, not surprising that there are widespread variations in human color vision.
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Alsulami, Haneen Hamed. "INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKING ON THE NKX3.1 AND TMPRSS2 GENES ASSOCIATED WITH MALE FERTILITY." In Dubai International Conference on Research in Life-Science & Healthcare, 22-23 February 2024. Global Research & Development Services, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/icrlsh.2024.3041.

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Cigarette's smoking has a wide negative impact on human health, and it's have been related to many serious issues like cancer, heart disease, respiratory system, and number of health problems. Also, smoking can affect fertility in men by affecting the sperm on several levels. Our research will investigate the genetic risk factors in male by focusing on NKX3.1 and TMPRSS2 genes related to male fertility and investigate the correlation between the gene’s polymorphisms of three groups (smokers, non-smokers, and infertile men). The NKX3.1 or NK3 homeobox 1 located on chromosome 8 is the first known prostate epithelium-specific marker it is an androgen regulated transcriptional and tumor suppressor gene this gene encodes for a homeobox-containing transcription factor and the transcription factor involved in development of the testes and prostate. there are not enough research data about NKX3.1 single nucleotide’s DNA variations and interaction with cigarettes smoking. The TMPRSS2 gene or transmembrane serine protease 2 is located on chromosome 21 is an endothelial cell surface gene encodes a protein that belongs to the serine protease family. TMPRSS2 is expressed in prostate epithelial cells and is needed for normal prostate function. It’s also expressed across the gastrointestinal (digestive) tract, such as in intestinal epithelial cells and across the respiratory tract. This gives TMPRSS2 gene an advantage to study or investigate gene expression influenced by lifestyle habits such as cigarettes smoke. Most of today research is confined to respiratory and cardiovascular system affected by cigarettes smoke but this research will investigate the relation between cigarettes smoking and fertility problems in men by selecting two fertility related genes (NKX3.1 and TMPRSS2) and analyzing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) From 75 blood samples collected from 25 smokers ,25 control and 25 infertile\sub-fertile men. To amplify the regions of interest within the applied gene from extracted DNA, a polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) will be used, and ELISA technique to measure serum hormones level (Testosterone and prolactin and Estrogen). We expect this research to provide new information from a new aspect about the effect of cigarettes smoking on those genes and their relation to male infertility.
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. Shcherbakova, S. A., P. E. Karitskaya, A. S. Chesnokova, I. O. Karpets, I. V. Evgenov, and D. V. Tseylikman. "DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES PREDICTING RESPONSE TO TAMOXIFEN THERAPY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS." In OpenBio-2023. ИПЦ НГУ, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-40.

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The study is aimed at finding genes mediating the response to tamoxifen therapy. Meta-analysis of the articles and the construction of gene networks revealed 7 genes that make a significant contribution to survival rates. For the purpose of validation, the approach of analysis of differential gene expression was chosen. The validation results revealed a high occurrence of the desired genes. The pattern of deviation of their expression from the reference values was combined with that indicated by other authors.
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K. Alkhudhairy, Miaad, and Elhassan Benyagoub. "Frequency of Genes Mediated β-lactams Resistance in Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolates from Iraq." In X INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PURE AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress10-2.

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Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial virulent microorganism that can cause acute and chronic infections in burn patients. The aim of the study: Diagnosis of genes mediated β-lactams resistance among test isolates. Materials and Methods: 649 swabs collected from inpatients with burn-wound infections at a burn center in Al-Najaf Province/ Iraq, from August 2022 to February 2023. Results: 68/ 649 (10.5%) isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were identified according to microscopically, cultural, and biochemical features. 22 (32.4%) isolates were found able to produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases by using the double disks synergy method, and these producers tested by polymerase chain reactions technique for molecular determination β-lactams resistance encoding genes. This technique determined that the frequency of a single blaTEM gene and a single blaCTXM gene was 3/ 22 (13.6%) for each one among the test isolates and that 9/ 22 (41%) isolates possessed linked genes: the blaCTXM and blaTEM genes, whereas the blaSHV gene was not identified in any test isolate. Conclusions: The co-associated (blaTEM and blaCTXM) genes were revealed to be prevalent among the test isolates
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Danilova, Natalia, Kamalya Karamova, and Polina Galitskaya. "BIOCHAR ENHANCES ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT GENES REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS ECOSYSTEMS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.008.

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Pollution of aquatic ecosystems with antibiotic-resistant genes originating from human medicine and veterinary is an urgent problem due to the potential threaten to public health. Antibiotic-resistant genes enter surface waters and wastewater through vertical and horizontal water runoff. At the same time, heavy metals and biogenic substances often presented in aqueous ecosystems often exacerbate the problem since the drive the horizontal transfer of antibiotic-resistance genes. To solve the problem of purification of waters from antibiotic-resistant genes, the adsorbing agents, such as biochar, might be used. In this work, we studied the effect of biochar on the dynamics of the content of tetracycline-resistant genes in a liquid LB medium with a microbial community transferred to the medium from compost. The following additives were used - Cu (600 �g*l-1), Cd (130 �g*l-1), Ni (70 �g*l-1), Fe (1500 �g*l-1), humic acids (6%), oxytetracycline (300 mg/l). Real-time PCR revealed the absence of the tet(O) gene both in all variants with and without biochar. The highest excesses over control were found for the tet(M) and tet(C) genes. The introduction of biochar made it possible to reduce the content of antibiotic-resistant genes in all samples with different additives. Thus, in the variant with Cd, the content of the tet(A), tet(B), tet(C) � tet(S) gene was eliminated. The tet(�), tet(E) � tet(S) genes were completely absent in the sample with antibiotic.
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Lutze, Margaret, Nancy J. Cox, and Curtis R. Brandt. "Normal color vision, linkage analysis, and visual pigment genes." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.fm5.

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People with normal color vision show interobserver variation in Rayleigh and red-green photometric matches, which may indicate variations in photopigment spectral sensitivities and receptor populations, respectively. We have previously shown that this variation is consistent with single-gene determination. The X-chromosome visualpigment genes are good candidate genes for determination of variation in these color-vision traits; however, other genes may also contribute to cone development and function, which affect these measures.
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Zinovieva, S. V., Z. V. Udalova, and F. K. Khasanov. "EXPRESSION OF IMMUNE SYSTEM GENES IN TOMATO PLANTS INFECTED BY MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. VNIIP – FSC VIEV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6050437-8-2.2024.25.135-139.

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Data were presented from a study on expression of resistance gene Mi-1.2 of protective genes of the PR gene family (PR-2, PR-3) and genes of serine and cysteine proteinase (PIser PIcys) inhibitors in tissues of tomato plants of resistant and susceptible hybrids infected by gall nematodes and an assessment of their role in parasite resistance was given. Differences were detected in the expression of the studied genes at all stages of nematode development in the roots of resistant and susceptible plants. The studies showed that the infection of resistant plants caused an increase in the study gene transcripts as early as in the initial period of infection, which indicated the response time to nematode larvae penetration and the speed of adequate protective response. Changes in the defense response-related gene expression in infected susceptible plants were insignificant and appeared after the larvae penetrated the roots, which may be one of the reasons for disease progress. The increased expression of the studied genes that encode protective proteins in infected roots of resistant plants found at all parasite development stages indicates the importance of protective proteins in tomato plant resistance to gall nematode.
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Reports on the topic "Genes"

1

Nguyen Brooks, Mai H. Endothelial Genes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada439227.

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Lee, Cheng-Chi. Cloning Human Chromosome 17 Genes: Candidate Genes for BRCA1. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada361576.

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Paul, Satashree. The Criminal Behavior of Genes. Science Repository OÜ, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/sr.blog.14.

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Identifying the crucial role of genetics in criminal behavior implies there must be something known as a “Crime Gene”. Genes come out as the strongest predictor of whether a person has predisposition towards crime or any criminal behavior.
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MacInnes, M., M. R. Altherr, D. Ludwig, R. Pedersen, and C. Mold. The biology of novel animal genes: Mouse APEX gene knockout. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/505320.

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Lifschitz, Eliezer, and Elliot Meyerowitz. The Relations between Cell Division and Cell Type Specification in Floral and Vegetative Meristems of Tomato and Arabidopsis. United States Department of Agriculture, February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613032.bard.

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Meristems were the central issue of our project. Genes that are required for cell division, cell elongation, cell proliferation and cell fate were studied in the tomato system. The analysis of the dUTPase and threonine deaminase genes, along with the dissection of their regulatory regions is completed, while that of the RNR2 and PPO genes is at an advanced stage. All these genes were isolated in our laboratory. In addition, 8 different MADS box genes were studied in transgenic plants and their genetic relevances discovered. We have also shown that a given MADS box gene can modify the polarity of cell division without affecting the fate of the organ. In vivo interaction between two MADS box genes was demonstrated and the functional dependency of the tomato agamous gene on the TM5 gene product established. We have exploited the Knotted1 meristematic gene in conjunction with tomato leaf meristematic genes to show that simple and compound leaves and, for that matter, sepals and compound leaves, are formed by two different developmental programs. In this context we have also isolated and characterized the tomato Knotted1 gene (TKnl) and studied its expression pattern. A new program in which eight different meristematic genes in tomato will be studied emerged as a result of these studies. In essence, we have shown that it is possible to study and manipulate plant developmental systems using reverse genetic techniques and have provided a wealth of new molecular tools to interested colleagues working with tomato. Similarly, genes responsible for cell division, cell proliferation and cell fate were studied in Arabidopsis floral meristems. Among these genes are the TSO1, TSO2, HANABA TARANU and UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS genes, each affecting in its own way the number of pattern of cell divisions, and cell fate, in developing Arabodopsis flowers. In addition, new methods have been established for the assessment of the function of regulatory gene action in the different clonal layers of developing floral meristems.
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Fromm, A., Avihai Danon, and Jian-Kang Zhu. Genes Controlling Calcium-Enhanced Tolerance to Salinity in Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7585201.bard.

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The specific objectives of the proposed research were to identify, clone and characterize downstream cellular target(s) of SOS3 in Arabidopsis thaliana, to analyze the Ca2+-binding characteristics of SOS3 and the sos3-1 mutant and their interactions with SOS3 cellular targets to analyze the SOS3 cell-specific expression patterns, and its subcellular localization, and to assess the in vivo role of SOS3 target protein(s) in plant tolerance to salinity stress. In the course of the study, in view of recent opportunities in identifying Ca2+ - responsive genes using microarrays, the group at Weizmann has moved into identifying Ca2+-responsive stress genes by using a combination of aqeuorin-based measurements of cytosolic Ca and analysis by DNA microarrays of early Ca-responsive genes at the whole genome level. Analysis of SOS3 (University of Arizona) revealed its expression in both roots and shoots. However, the expression of this gene is not induced by stress. This is reminiscent of other stress proteins that are regulated by post-transcriptional mechanisms such as the activation by second messengers like Ca. Further analysis of the expression of the gene using promoter - GUS fusions revealed expression in lateral root primordial. Studies at the Weizmann Institute identified a large number of genes whose expression is up-regulated by a specific cytosolic Ca burst evoked by CaM antagonists. Fewer genes were found to be down-regulated by the Ca burst. Among the up-regulated genes many are associated with early stress responses. Moreover, this study revealed a large number of newly identified Ca-responsive genes. These genes could be useful to investigate yet unknown Ca-responsive gene networks involved in plant response to stress.
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Grant, S. R. Characterization of Arabidopsis Genes Involved in Gene Silencing. Final Progress Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/825155.

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López-Otín, Carlos. Cáncer, genes y genomas. Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (SEBBM), September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18567/sebbmdiv_anc.2009.09.1.

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Michelmore, Richard, Eviatar Nevo, Abraham Korol, and Tzion Fahima. Genetic Diversity at Resistance Gene Clusters in Wild Populations of Lactuca. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573075.bard.

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Genetic resistance is often the least expensive, most effective, and ecologically-sound method of disease control. It is becoming apparent that plant genomes contain large numbers of disease resistance genes. However, the numbers of different resistance specificities within a genepool and the genetic mechanisms generating diversity are poorly understood. Our objectives were to characterize diversity in clusters of resistance genes in wild progenitors of cultivated lettuce in Israel and California in comparison to diversity within cultivated lettuce, and to determine the extent of gene flow, recombination, and genetic instability in generating variation within clusters of resistance genes. Genetic diversity of resistance genes was analyzed in wild and cultivated germplasm using molecular markers derived from lettuce resistance gene sequences of the NBS-LRR type that mapped to the major cluster if resistance genes in lettuce (Sicard et al. 1999). Three molecular markers, one microsatellite marker and two SCAR markers that amplified LRR- encoding regions, were developed from sequences of resistance gene homologs at the Dm3 cluster (RGC2s) in lettuce. Variation for these markers was assessed in germplasm including 74 genotypes of cultivated lettuce, L. saliva and 71 accessions of the three wild Lactuca spp., L. serriola, L. saligna and L. virosa that represent the major species in the sexually accessible genepool for lettuce. Diversity was also studied within and between natural populations of L. serriola from Israel and California. Large numbers of haplotypes were detected indicating the presence of numerous resistance genes in wild species. We documented a variety of genetic events occurring at clusters of resistance genes for the second objective (Sicard et al., 1999; Woo el al., in prep; Kuang et al., in prepb). The diversity of resistance genes in haplotypes provided evidence for gene duplication and unequal crossing over during the evolution of this cluster of resistance genes. Comparison of nine resistance genes in cv. Diana identified 22 gene conversion and five intergenic recombinations. We cloned and sequenced a 700 bp region from the middle of RGC2 genes from six genotypes, two each from L. saliva, L. serriola, and L. saligna . We have identified over 60 unique RGC2 sequences. Phylogenetic analysis surprisingly demonstrated much greater similarity between than within genotypes. This led to the realization that resistance genes are evolving much slower than had previously been assumed and to a new model as to how resistance genes are evolving (Michelmore and Meyers, 1998). The genetic structure of L. serriola was studied using 319 AFLP markers (Kuang et al., in prepa). Forty-one populations from Turkey, Armenia, Israel, and California as well as seven European countries were examined. AFLP marker data showed that the Turkish and Armenian populations were the most polymorphic populations and the European populations were the least. The Davis, CA population, a recent post-Columbian colonization, showed medium genetic diversity and was genetically close to the Turkish populations. Our results suggest that Turkey - Armenia may be the center of origin and diversity of L. serriola and may therefore have the greatest diversity of resistance genes. Our characterization of the diversity of resistance genes and the genetic mechanisms generating it will allow informed exploration, in situ and ex situ conservation, and utilization of germplasm resources for disease control. The results of this project provide the basis for our future research work, which will lead to a detailed understanding of the evolution of resistance genes in plants.
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Pillai, Shiv S. MHC Genes and Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada394028.

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