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Journal articles on the topic 'Generator Q'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Rocco, Noraí R., and Eunice C. P. Rodrigues. "The q-tensor square of finitely generated nilpotent groups, q odd." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 16, no. 11 (October 4, 2017): 1750211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498817502115.

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In the present paper, the authors extend to the [Formula: see text]-tensor square [Formula: see text] of a group [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] an odd positive integer, some structural results due to Blyth, Fumagalli and Morigi concerning the non-abelian tensor square [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]). The results are applied to the computation of [Formula: see text] for finitely generated nilpotent groups [Formula: see text], specially for free nilpotent groups of finite rank. We also generalize to all [Formula: see text] results of Bacon regarding an upper bound to the minimal number of generators of the non-abelian tensor square [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-generator nilpotent group of class 2. We end by computing the [Formula: see text]-tensor squares of the free [Formula: see text]-generator nilpotent group of class 2, [Formula: see text]. This shows that the above mentioned upper bound is also achieved for these groups when [Formula: see text] odd.

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2

Qian, Biao, Yang Wang, Richang Hong, and Meng Wang. "Rethinking Data-Free Quantization as a Zero-Sum Game." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 8 (June 26, 2023): 9489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i8.26136.

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Data-free quantization (DFQ) recovers the performance of quantized network (Q) without accessing the real data, but generates the fake sample via a generator (G) by learning from full-precision network (P) instead. However, such sample generation process is totally independence of Q, specialized as failing to consider the adaptability of the generated samples, i.e., beneficial or adversarial, over the learning process of Q, resulting into non-ignorable performance loss. Building on this, several crucial questions --- how to measure and exploit the sample adaptability to Q under varied bit-width scenarios? how to generate the samples with desirable adaptability to benefit the quantized network? --- impel us to revisit DFQ. In this paper, we answer the above questions from a game-theory perspective to specialize DFQ as a zero-sum game between two players --- a generator and a quantized network, and further propose an Adaptability-aware Sample Generation (AdaSG) method. Technically, AdaSG reformulates DFQ as a dynamic maximization-vs-minimization game process anchored on the sample adaptability. The maximization process aims to generate the sample with desirable adaptability, such sample adaptability is further reduced by the minimization process after calibrating Q for performance recovery. The Balance Gap is defined to guide the stationarity of the game process to maximally benefit Q. The theoretical analysis and empirical studies verify the superiority of AdaSG over the state-of-the-arts. Our code is available at https://github.com/hfutqian/AdaSG.

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3

Lee, Suyeon, Yangji Jeon, Geonwoo Park, Jinman Myung, Seungjik Lee, Ockgoo Lee, Hyunwon Moon, and Ilku Nam. "A 24-GHz RF Transmitter in 65-nm CMOS for In-Cabin Radar Applications." Electronics 9, no. 12 (November 26, 2020): 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122005.

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A 24-GHz direct-conversion transmitter is proposed for in-cabin radar applications. The proposed RF transmitter consists of an I/Q up-conversion mixer, an I/Q local (LO) oscillator generator, and a power amplifier. To improve the linearity of the I/Q up-conversion mixer, an inverter transconductor with third-order intermodulation (IM3) distortion cancellation is proposed. To improve the I/Q balancing performance of the I/Q LO generator, a poly-phase filter, including parasitic line inductance, is proposed. By employing a highly linear I/Q up-conversion mixer and a balanced I/Q LO generator, the 24-GHz direct-conversion transmitter achieves high linearity and I/Q balancing characteristics. It is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process and consumes 150 mW. It shows an OP1dB of 8.6 dBm, an LO leakage of −48 dBc, and an image rejection ratio of −49 dBc for the entire operating band from 24 GHz to 24.5 GHz.

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4

Miller-Sims, Laurel, and Leanne Robertson. "Power integral bases for real cyclotomic fields." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 71, no. 1 (February 2005): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700038119.

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We consider the problem of determining all power integral bases for the maximal real subfield Q (ζ + ζ−1) of the p-th cyclotomic field Q (ζ), where p ≥ 5 is prime and ζ is a primitive p-th root of unity. The ring of integers is Z[ζ+ζ−1] so a power integral basis always exists, and there are further non-obvious generators for the ring. Specifically, we prove that if or one of the Galois conjugates of these five algebraic integers. Up to integer translation and multiplication by −1, there are no additional generators for p ≤ 11, and it is plausible that there are no additional generators for p > 13 as well. For p = 13 there is an additional generator, but we show that it does not generalise to an additional generator for 13 < p < 1000.

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5

BASU-MALLICK, B. "ON A HOPF ALGEBRA RELATED TO THE GLq(2) AND GLp,q(2) QUANTUM GROUPS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 11, no. 04 (February 10, 1996): 715–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x96000328.

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By adding one extra generator with the standard GL q(2) quantum group, we construct a Hopf algebra [Formula: see text] which depends on two deformation parameters and five generators. Curiously, it turns out that there exists a nonlinear realization of the two-parameter deformed GL p,q(2) quantum group through generators of this [Formula: see text] algebra. Subsequently, we find the invariant noncommutative planes associated with the [Formula: see text] quantum group and also discuss how the well-known Manin planes corresponding to the GL p,q(2) quantum group can be produced automatically, through such construction. Finally, we consider the “colored” extension of the GL p,q(2) quantum group as well as corresponding noncommutative planes and explore their intimate connection with the “colored” extension of [Formula: see text] Hopf structure.

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6

Yanita, Yanita, and Budi Rudianto. "The Picture on the Presentation of Direct Product Group of Two Cyclic Groups." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2023 (August 31, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8018645.

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A picture in a group presentation is a geometric configuration with an arrangement of discs and arcs within a boundary disc. The drawing of this picture does not have to follow a particular rule, only using the generator as discs and the relation as arcs. It will form a picture label pattern if drawn with a particular rule. This paper discusses the label pattern of a picture in the presentation of direct product groups. Direct product presentation is used with two cyclic groups, ℤ p and ℤ q where p , q ∈ ℤ + and p , q ≥ 2 . The method for forming a picture label pattern is to arrange the first generator in the initial arrangement, compile a second generator, and add a number of commutators. Furthermore, the pattern is used to calculate the length of the label on the picture. It is obtained that the picture’s label is a q − 1 b n a b q − n and the length of the label is p + 2 n − q , where n is the number of commutator discs.

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7

Koam, Ali N. A., Ali Ahmad, Muhammad Azeem, Adnan Khalil, and Muhammad Faisal Nadeem. "On Adjacency Metric Dimension of Some Families of Graph." Journal of Function Spaces 2022 (June 25, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6906316.

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Metric dimension of a graph is a well-studied concept. Recently, adjacency metric dimension of graph has been introduced. A set Q a ⊂ V G is considered to be an adjacency metric generator for G if u 1 , u 2 ∈ V \ Q a (supposing each pair); there must exist a vertex q ∈ Q a along with the condition that q is indeed adjacent to one of u 1 , u 2 . The minimum number of elements in adjacency metric generator is the adjacency metric dimension of G , denoted by di m a G . In this work, we compute exact values of the adjacency metric dimension of circulant graph C n 1 , 2 , Möbius ladder, hexagonal Möbius ladder, and the ladder graph.

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8

M. A. Eid, Mahmoud, Ashraf S. Seliem, Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed, Abd El-Naser A. Mohammed, Mohamed Yassin Ali, and Shaimaa S. Abaza. "The key management of direct/external modulation semiconductor laser response systems for relative intensity noise control." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i2.pp968-977.

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<p><span>This study outlines the management of either direct or external modulation semiconductor laser systems for the key solution of bit rate up to 25 Gb/s under relative intensity noise (RIN) control. The bias and modulation peak currents based laser rate equations are optimized to achieve max Q factor and min bit error rate (BER) using first proposed model and optical/electrical signal power, optical/electrical signal to noise ratio are also enhanced using second proposed model. The percentage enhancement ratio in max. Q-factor and min. BER using first proposed model ranges from 53.25 % to 71.63 % in compared to the previous model. In the same way, by using second proposed model, the electrical signal power at optical receiver is enhanced within the range of 48.66 % to 68.88 % in compared to the previous model. Optical signal/noise ratio (OSNR) after optical fiber cable (OFC), signal/noise ratio (SNR) after electrical filter are measured with using different electrical pulse generators and electrical modulators at the optimization stage. The first proposed model reported better max. Q and min. BER values than the previous model. In addition to the second proposed model (direct modulation) has outlined better optical/electrical signal power than the previous model, while max. Q, min. BER values are kept constant. It is found that non return to zero pulse generator has presented better signal power than other pulse generators by using second proposed model. As well as the mixed of raised cosine pulse generator with external modulator reported max. Q, min. BER with other pulse generators by using first proposed model. OSNR at OFC is optimized by using continuous phase frequency shift keying (CPFSK) electrical modulator, While SNR at optical receiver is optimized by using phase shift keying (PSK) electrical modulator.</span></p>

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9

Azis, Hastuti, Pawenary Pawenary, and Meyhart Torsna Bangkit Sitorus. "Simulasi Pemodelan Sistem Eksitasi Statis pada Generator Sinkron terhadap Perubahan Beban." Energi & Kelistrikan 11, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33322/energi.v11i2.483.

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Excitation system is one of the most important parts of synchronous generators, where the system functions to provide dc power to the field generator coil. Iin this study, a static excitation system consisting of transformers and connected thyristors in bridge configuration has been implemented in synchronous machines that operate as 206,1 mva capacity generators, 16,5 kv using the help of matlab simulink r2017b software. By adjusting the load given to the generator, variations in excitation currents can affect the amount of output voltage generated by the generator so that it can increase and decrease the induced voltage. In full load conditions, namely p = 175 mw, q = 100 mvar, the results of the study show that when the simulation is run at alpha 0 °, it is known that the average value of dc voltage is 496,4 v, excitation current is 1057 a and voltage generator output has increased beyond its nominal voltage of 16,72 kv. in this case, to maintain the terminal voltage, the excitation current must be reduced by increasing the angle of shooting of the thyristor to an alpha angle of 45 °, so that the average dc voltage can be reduced to 479,3 v, as well as the excitation current to 985,9 a. the generator output voltage at the alpha 45 ° angle is obtained according to its nominal value of 1,.5 kv.

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10

Kim, Soo-Bin, and Seung-Ho Song. "A Hybrid Reactive Power Control Method of Distributed Generation to Mitigate Voltage Rise in Low-Voltage Grid." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 21, 2020): 2078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13082078.

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A high penetration of distributed generators, such as solar and wind power generators in low voltage network systems, impose voltage rise problems. Reactive power control of distributed generators can contribute to mitigating the voltage rise. In the existing reactive power control, reactive power was controlled using only one local variable, such as voltage at point of connection or the active power output of distributed generator. In case of PF(P) method, which provides certain power factors, depending on the active power of distributed generator, the voltage regulation ability is strong, but network losses are large. Q(V) method, which provides a certain amount of reactive power depending on the local voltage, has few network losses, but the voltage regulation ability is weak. In this paper, a reactive power control method that combines the PF(P) method and Q(V) method was proposed. The proposed method determines the reactive power output by using the active power of the distributed generator and local voltage variables together. The proposed method improves the voltage regulation ability of the reactive power control, while reducing the network losses, as compared to the existing method. The low voltage network system was modeled and simulated to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, in terms of voltage regulation ability and network losses, and the performance of the proposed method and the existing method were compared and analyzed.

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11

Zhao, Hua, and Chun Hong Wu. "Matching of Generator Low Excitation Limit Setting and Loss-of-Excitation Protection between Different Coordinates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 2468–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2468.

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In generator setting calculation, the loss-of-excitation protection impedance round is in the R-X plane, while the low excitation limit setting is in the P-Q plane. In this paper, the R-X plane and the P-Q plane coordinate conversion on the matching of generator low excitation limit setting and loss-of-excitation protection are proposed. Using a power plant example, the method has been proved convenient.

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12

Wen, Chenxu. "Singularity of the generator subalgebra in $q$-Gaussian algebras." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 145, no. 8 (January 26, 2017): 3493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/proc/13481.

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13

Orellana, C., and R. Labbé. "Simple broad-band frequency-independent analog I/Q generator." Review of Scientific Instruments 75, no. 6 (June 2004): 2216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1753094.

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14

Ivanov D. K., Ivanov K. G., and Uryupin O. N. "Strip thermoelectric generator made of carbon fiber." Semiconductors 56, no. 2 (2022): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/sc.2022.02.53035.21.

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15

Ibrahim, Maha Majeed, and Emad Bakr Al-Zangana. "Weight Distribution of Some Codewords of 3-ary Linear Code over GF(27)‎." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 31, no. 4 (December 20, 2020): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v31i4.906.

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This paper is devoted to introduce the structure of the p-ary linear codes C(n,q) of points and lines of PG(n,q),q=p^h prime. When p=3, the linear code C(2,27) is given with its generator matrix and also, some of weight distributions are calculated.

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16

Borodin, Alexei, Ivan Corwin, Leonid Petrov, and Tomohiro Sasamoto. "Spectral theory for the -Boson particle system." Compositio Mathematica 151, no. 1 (September 17, 2014): 1–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x14007532.

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AbstractWe develop spectral theory for the generator of the $q$-Boson (stochastic) particle system. Our central result is a Plancherel type isomorphism theorem for this system. This theorem has various implications. It proves the completeness of the Bethe ansatz for the $q$-Boson generator and consequently enables us to solve the Kolmogorov forward and backward equations for general initial data. Owing to a Markov duality with $q$-TASEP ($q$-deformed totally asymmetric simple exclusion process), this leads to moment formulas which characterize the fixed time distribution of $q$-TASEP started from general initial conditions. The theorem also implies the biorthogonality of the left and right eigenfunctions. We consider limits of our $q$-Boson results to a discrete delta Bose gas considered previously by van Diejen, as well as to another discrete delta Bose gas that describes the evolution of moments of the semi-discrete stochastic heat equation (or equivalently, the O’Connell–Yor semi-discrete directed polymer partition function). A further limit takes us to the delta Bose gas which arises in studying moments of the stochastic heat equation/Kardar–Parisi–Zhang equation.

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17

Bravo-Prieto, Carlos, Julien Baglio, Marco Cè, Anthony Francis, Dorota M. Grabowska, and Stefano Carrazza. "Style-based quantum generative adversarial networks for Monte Carlo events." Quantum 6 (August 17, 2022): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-08-17-777.

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We propose and assess an alternative quantum generator architecture in the context of generative adversarial learning for Monte Carlo event generation, used to simulate particle physics processes at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We validate this methodology by implementing the quantum network on artificial data generated from known underlying distributions. The network is then applied to Monte Carlo-generated datasets of specific LHC scattering processes. The new quantum generator architecture leads to a generalization of the state-of-the-art implementations, achieving smaller Kullback-Leibler divergences even with shallow-depth networks. Moreover, the quantum generator successfully learns the underlying distribution functions even if trained with small training sample sets; this is particularly interesting for data augmentation applications. We deploy this novel methodology on two different quantum hardware architectures, trapped-ion and superconducting technologies, to test its hardware-independent viability.

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18

Glavan, Boris, Zlatko Hanić, Marinko Kovačić, and Mario Vražić. "Condition-Monitoring System for Identification and Representation of the Capability Diagram Limits for Multiple Synchronous Generators in a Hydro Power-Plant." Energies 13, no. 15 (July 24, 2020): 3800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153800.

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This paper presents an experience in the design and implementation of the condition-monitoring system for the synchronous generators whose primary purpose is to record data for the identification of the capability limits of the P–Q diagram of three generators in hydro power-plant. Paper presents details about the monitoring system, the underlying theory of the identification of the synchronous generator model with a focus on the calculation of the capability limits in the P–Q diagram. Furthermore, a computationally efficient method for the representation of capability limits suitable for the implementation within the industrial automation and control system of the power-plant is described in detail. Finally, the capability diagrams for three generators were implemented in the power-plant supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA) system.

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19

Enemor, C. G., D. C. Idoniboyeobu, and S. L. Braide. "Performance Analysis of Synchronous Reluctance Generator." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 765–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41501.

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Abstract: The synchronous reluctance generators are a species of self-excited generators such as the induction generators. The self-excited synchronous reluctance generator (SynRG) has become a promising and viable replacement of self-excited induction generator because of the supply frequency dependence on the prime speed and not load. The self-excited synchronous reluctance generator has high reliability, low cost and robustness and capacity of variable speed operation. The aim of this research is to carry out performance analysis of shunt connected three-phase synchronous reluctance generator feeding an R-L load. The dynamic analysis is based on the classical d-q model where equations for electrical quantities were derived and implemented using a computer simulation tool, MATLAB®. The equations for steady state analysis were derived from the dynamic equations by setting all time variables to zero. The dynamic analysis was carried out on a 4-pole, speed of 1500 rpm with connected load at a fixed excitation capacitor value of 50uF for a 2.5kVA machine. Effect of excitation-capacitance variation and loadingconditions variation on the generated output voltage and frequency are presented and discussed. The load variations were done based on energy-current perturbation at a fixed power factor of 1.0. The load variations were done at several points and result shows that with the variations in the connected loads, the output frequency of the synchronous reluctance generator remains constant, which makes it a good alternative for induction generator. On the steady state analysis, it was discovered that on increasing the excitation capacitor, the terminal voltage increases as well as the output power. The result specifically revealed that when the capacitance increases from 25uF to 45uF, the terminal voltage and the output power increases from 200volts to 300volts; and 200watt to 1700watt. Therefore, it is recommended that to ensure machine excitation, the capacitor should not be reduced below a certain value. The study is beneficial for operation of an isolated power supply. Keywords: Synchronous Reluctance Generator, Direct Current and Indirect Current

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20

Deng, Bo, Muhammad Faisal Nadeem, and Muhammad Azeem. "On the Edge Metric Dimension of Different Families of Möbius Networks." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (March 24, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6623208.

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For an ordered subset Q e of vertices in a simple connected graph G , a vertex x ∈ V distinguishes two edges e 1 , e 2 ∈ E , if d x , e 1 ≠ d x , e 2 . A subset Q e having minimum vertices is called an edge metric generator for G , if every two distinct edges of G are distinguished by some vertex of Q e . The minimum cardinality of an edge metric generator for G is called the edge metric dimension, and it is denoted by dim e G . In this paper, we study the edge resolvability parameter for different families of Möbius ladder networks and we find the exact edge metric dimension of triangular, square, and hexagonal Möbius ladder networks.

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21

Bessadok, Khadija, Franco Fagnola, and Skander Hachicha. "Classical and Quantum Markov Processes Associated with q-Bessel Operators." Open Systems & Information Dynamics 27, no. 01 (March 2020): 2050005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1230161220500055.

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We study the fundamental properties of classical and quantum Markov processes generated by q-Bessel operators and their extension to the algebra of all bounded operators on the Hilbert space [Formula: see text]. In particular, we find a suitable generalized Gorini–Kossakowski–Sudarshan–Lindblad representation for the infinitesimal generator of q-Bessel operator and show that both the classical and quantum Markov processes are transient for α > 0 and recurrent for α = 0. We also show that they do not admit invariant states and, moreover that the support projection of any initial state instantaneously fills the full space.

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22

Shakhmurov, Veli. "Regularity properties of nonlocal fractional differential equations and applications." Georgian Mathematical Journal 29, no. 2 (February 5, 2022): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gmj-2021-2128.

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Abstract The regularity properties of nonlocal fractional elliptic and parabolic equations in vector-valued Besov spaces are studied. The uniform B p , q s B_{p,q}^{s} -separability properties and sharp resolvent estimates are obtained for abstract elliptic operator in terms of fractional derivatives. In particular, it is proven that the fractional elliptic operator generated by these equations is sectorial and also is a generator of an analytic semigroup. Moreover, the maximal regularity properties of the nonlocal fractional abstract parabolic equation are established. As an application, the nonlocal anisotropic fractional differential equations and the system of nonlocal fractional parabolic equations are studied.

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23

BÖTTCHER, BJÖRN, and RENÉ L. SCHILLING. "APPROXIMATION OF FELLER PROCESSES BY MARKOV CHAINS WITH LÉVY INCREMENTS." Stochastics and Dynamics 09, no. 01 (March 2009): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219493709002555.

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We consider Feller processes whose generators have the test functions as an operator core. In this case, the generator is a pseudo differential operator with negative definite symbol q(x, ξ). If |q(x, ξ)| < c(1 + |ξ|2), the corresponding Feller process can be approximated by Markov chains whose steps are increments of Lévy processes. This approximation can easily be used for a simulation of the sample path of a Feller process. Further, we provide conditions in terms of the symbol for the transition operators of the Markov chains to be Feller. This gives rise to a sequence of Feller processes approximating the given Feller process.

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24

Xiuli, Li, Zhao Pengcheng, and Zhou Dangsheng. "q-ary Quasi-Cyclic Codes on Matroid Theory." MATEC Web of Conferences 173 (2018): 03095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817303095.

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In this paper, rate 1/p q-ary systematic quasi-cyclic codes are constructed based on matroid theory. The relationship between the generator matrix and minimum distance d is derived. Examples and algorithm are presented.

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25

Biasse, Jean-François, and Fang Song. "On the quantum attacks against schemes relying on the hardness of finding a short generator of an ideal in ℚ(𝜁2𝑠 )." Journal of Mathematical Cryptology 13, no. 3-4 (October 1, 2019): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmc-2015-0046.

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Abstract A family of ring-based cryptosystems, including the multilinear maps of Garg, Gentry and Halevi [Candidate multilinear maps from ideal lattices, Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2013, Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci. 7881, Springer, Heidelberg 2013, 1–17] and the fully homomorphic encryption scheme of Smart and Vercauteren [Fully homomorphic encryption with relatively small key and ciphertext sizes, Public Key Cryptography—PKC 2010, Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci. 6056, Springer, Berlin 2010, 420–443], are based on the hardness of finding a short generator of a principal ideal (short-PIP) in a number field typically in {\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_{2^{s}})} . In this paper, we present a polynomial-time quantum algorithm for recovering a generator of a principal ideal in {\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_{2^{s}})} , and we recall how this can be used to attack the schemes relying on the short-PIP in {\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_{2^{s}})} by using the work of Cramer et al. [R. Cramer, L. Ducas, C. Peikert and O. Regev, Recovering short generators of principal ideals in cyclotomic rings, IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2015, https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/313], which is derived from observations of Campbell, Groves and Shepherd [SOLILOQUY, a cautionary tale]. We put this attack into perspective by reviewing earlier attempts at providing an efficient quantum algorithm for solving the PIP in {\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_{2^{s}})} . The assumption that short-PIP is hard was challenged by Campbell, Groves and Shepherd. They proposed an approach for solving short-PIP that proceeds in two steps: first they sketched a quantum algorithm for finding an arbitrary generator (not necessarily short) of the input principal ideal. Then they suggested that it is feasible to compute a short generator efficiently from the generator in step 1. Cramer et al. validated step 2 of the approach by giving a detailed analysis. In this paper, we focus on step 1, and we show that step 1 can run in quantum polynomial time if we use an algorithm for the continuous hidden subgroup problem (HSP) due to Eisenträger et al. [K. Eisenträger, S. Hallgren, A. Kitaev and F. Song, A quantum algorithm for computing the unit group of an arbitrary degree number field, Proceedings of the 2014 ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing—STOC’14, ACM, New York 2014, 293–302].

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26

He, Xianmang. "Constructing new q-ary quantum MDS codes with distances bigger than q/2 from generator matrices." Quantum Information and Computation 18, no. 3&4 (March 2018): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic18.3-4-3.

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The construction of quantum error-correcting codes has been an active field of quantum information theory since the publication of \cite{Shor1995Scheme,Steane1998Enlargement,Laflamme1996Perfect}. It is becoming more and more difficult to construct some new quantum MDS codes with large minimum distance. In this paper, based on the approach developed in the paper \cite{NewHeMDS2016}, we construct several new classes of quantum MDS codes. The quantum MDS codes exhibited here have not been constructed before and the distance parameters are bigger than q/2.

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27

Wang, Simeng. "Singularity of the generator subalgebra in mixed $q$-Gaussian algebras." Colloquium Mathematicum 158, no. 1 (2019): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/cm7677-9-2018.

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28

KIM, Seung-Youl, Kyoung-Rok CHO, and Je-Hoon LEE. "Design of q-Parallel LFSR-Based Syndrome Generator." IEICE Transactions on Electronics E98.C, no. 7 (2015): 594–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transele.e98.c.594.

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29

Farbman, S. P. "Non-free two-generator subgroups of SL$_2(\mathbb{Q})$." Publicacions Matemàtiques 39 (July 1, 1995): 379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/publmat_39295_13.

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Chorna, Anastasiia, Katherine Geller, and Vladimir Shpilrain. "On two-generator subgroups inSL2(Z),SL2(Q), andSL2(R)." Journal of Algebra 478 (May 2017): 367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2017.01.036.

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31

Yang, Hee-Sung, Ockgoo Lee, and Ilku Nam. "A 24 GHz I/Q LO Generator for Heartbeat Measurement Radar System." Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 53, no. 11 (November 25, 2016): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2016.53.11.066.

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32

Veinović, Slavko, Žarko Janda, Đorđe Stojić, Jasna Dragosavac, Dušan Joksimović, Ilija Klasnić, and Milan Đorđević. "Load angle estimation of synchronous generator." Zbornik radova Elektrotehnicki institut Nikola Tesla 30, no. 30 (2020): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zeint30-29158.

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In this paper a load angle estimation method of round rotor synchronous generator is presented, for load angle limiter in AVR systems design purpose. To get information of load angle, it is necessary to have values of the one terminal voltage, one phase current and q-axis reactance Xq. Mentioned values are acquired by synchronous sampling technique and processed by discrete Fourier transformation. The accuracy of presented method highly depends on quality of zero-crossing detection of the input voltage signal and on the calculation estimation of the fundamental frequency. This method is of reduced sensitivity to higher harmonics presence contence in voltages and current waveforms. Another advantage, when compared to other dq or ab based calculations estimations, is the necessity of use only two measurement channels. Drawback of described approach is lack of immunity to current asymmetry. However, a solution to overcome this problem is offered by introducing the additional measurements into the algorithm to extract the synchronous sampled direct components of all three phase currents.

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Akay, Cengiz, and Aytaç Yalçiner. "A New Weak Field Double Resonance NMR Spectrometer." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 50, no. 2-3 (March 1, 1995): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1995-2-309.

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Abstract Weak field NMR and double resonance spectrometers are mostly homemade. In this work, some electronic units of such a spectrometer operating at 1.437 mT were designed and realized by including new integrated circuits: an audio generator, digital sweep generator, digital additional field and delay unit, Quartz generator, NMR detector(Q-meter), AF-narrowband amplifier, phase shifter and phase sensitive detector.

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Lalik, Krzysztof, Mateusz Kozek, Szymon Podlasek, Rafał Figaj, and Paweł Gut. "Q-Learning Neural Controller for Steam Generator Station in Micro Cogeneration Systems." Energies 14, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 5334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175334.

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This article presents the results of the optimization of steam generator control systems powered by mixtures of liquid fuels containing biofuels. The numerical model was based on the results of experimental research of steam generator operation in an open system. The numerical model is used to build control algorithms that improve performance, increase efficiency, reduce fuel consumption and increase safety in the full range of operation of the steam generator and the cogeneration system of which it is a component. In this research, the following parameters were monitored: temperature and pressure of the circulating medium, exhaust gas temperature, oxygen content in exhaust gas, percentage control of oil burner power. Two methods of controlling the steam generator were proposed: the classic one, using the PID regulator, and the advanced one, using artificial neural networks. The work shows how the model is adapted to the real system and the impact of the control algorithms on the efficiency of the combustion process. The example is considered for the implementation of advanced control systems in micro-, small- and medium-power cogeneration and trigeneration systems in order to improve their final efficiency and increase the profitability of implementation.

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35

Rahman, Shahinur, Shuhui Li, Himadry Shekhar Das, Xingang Fu, Hoyun Won, and Yang-Ki Hong. "Exploring Dynamic P-Q Capability and Abnormal Operations Associated with PMSG Wind Turbines." Energies 16, no. 10 (May 16, 2023): 4116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104116.

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With the proliferation of large-scale grid-connected wind farms, subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) incidents associated with Type-4 wind turbines (WTs) with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) have occurred frequently. These incidents have caused severe reliability risks to the power grid. Conventionally, P-Q capability charts are utilized to ensure the safety operating region of a synchronous generator. However, a PMSG WT exhibits completely different and dynamic P-Q capability characteristics due to the difference in energy conversion technique and several critical factors related to the WT power converters. This paper presents a comprehensive dynamic P-Q capability study of a PMSG WT with sufficient and accurate considerations of the WT control and operation in the dq reference frame, its power converter constraints, and grid dynamics. Models of a PMSG WT are first developed based on its control principle in the dq reference frame. Then, algorithms for obtaining the P-Q capability charts of the WT are developed with the considerations of complete WT constraints in different aspects. The study analyzes the root cause of many abnormal operations of grid-connected PMSG WTs, reported in the literature, from the dynamic P-Q capability perspectives. The proposed study is verified via an electromagnetic transient (EMT) model of a grid-connected Type-4 WT.

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36

Górski, Dominik Andrzej. "Analysis of squirrel-cage induction generator start-up supported by reactive power compensator." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 39, no. 2 (November 16, 2019): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-04-2019-0149.

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Purpose The power electronic converter is used for the satisfaction of reactive power demand of induction generator, when grid-tied. This paper aims to present an application of STATCOM to reduce inrush transient caused by the connection of a squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG) to the grid. Design/methodology/approach The power generation system consists of an uncontrolled prime mover, a SCIG and a power electronic converter connected to the grid. The three-phase Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) converter works as a STATCOM to satisfy a reactive power demand of the generator. A control scheme of STATCOM uses the x-y reference frame rotating synchronously with grid voltage vector and the p-q instantaneous power theory to calculate q component of grid power. Findings It is shown that the parallel converter, which works as a reactive power compensator allows decreasing transients during a grid connection of the induction generator. Research limitations/implications Transients during a grid connection of the induction generator are only partially decreased. Practical implications It is needed to compensate for the reactive power of a SCIG. The NPC converter works as a STATCOM. The converter partially reduces grid transients during generator connection. The laboratory tests are demonstrated by connection 7.5 kW induction generator to 8 kVA transformer. Originality/value The paper presents the mitigation of grid transients during connection of induction generator with the power electronic converter working as reactive power compensator.

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KANTOROVITZ, SHMUEL. "GENERATORS OF REGULAR SEMIGROUPS." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 50, no. 1 (January 2008): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089507003916.

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AbstractA regular semigroup (cf. [4, p. 38]) is a C0-semigroup T(⋅) that has an extension as a holomorphic semigroup W(⋅) in the right halfplane $\Bbb C^+$, such that ||W(⋅)|| is bounded in the ‘unit rectangle’ Q:=(0, 1]× [−1, 1]. The important basic facts about a regular semigroup T(⋅) are: (i) it possesses a boundary groupU(⋅), defined as the limit lims → 0+W(s+i⋅) in the strong operator topology; (ii) U(⋅) is a C0-group, whose generator is iA, where A denotes the generator of T(⋅); and (iii) W(s+it)=T(s)U(t) for all s+it ∈$\Bbb C^+$ (cf. Theorems 17.9.1 and 17.9.2 in [3]). The following converse theorem is proved here. Let A be the generator of a C0-semigroup T(⋅). If iA generates a C0-group, U(⋅), then T(⋅) is a regular semigroup, and its holomorphic extension is given by (iii). This result is related to (but not included in) known results of Engel (cf. Theorem II.4.6 in [2]), Liu [7] and the author [6] for holomorphic extensions into arbitrary sectors, of C0-semigroups that are bounded in every proper subsector. The method of proof is also different from the method used in these references. Criteria for generators of regular semigroups follow as easy corollaries.

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Hafez, Ahmed, R. Al-Bouthig, and J. AL-Sadey. "Unified P-Q based STATCOM Control for Wind Driven Induction Generator." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.11.1.2.

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This paper principally advises a simple and reliable control for Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) in a stand-alone wind driven self-excited induction generator power system. The control was proposed based on instantaneous P-Q theory. The advised control enjoys the merits of robustness, reliability and simplicity. The paper also proposes a dimensioning procedure for the STATCOM that involves advising an annotative analytical expression for sizing the DC-link capacitor. This procedure has the advantages of applicability for different reactive power compensators that depend on a separate DC-link in its operation. Comprehensive simulation results in Matlab environment were illustrated for corroborating the performance of the advised control under rigorous operating scenarios. The results show the feasibility, reliability and practicability of the proposed controller.

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39

Rumala, Yisa S., Giovanni Milione, Thien An Nguyen, Sebastião Pratavieira, Zabir Hossain, Daniel Nolan, Sergei Slussarenko, Ebrahim Karimi, Lorenzo Marrucci, and Robert R. Alfano. "Tunable supercontinuum light vector vortex beam generator using a q-plate." Optics Letters 38, no. 23 (November 25, 2013): 5083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.38.005083.

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40

FINKO, Oleg. "Parallel generator of q-valued pseudorandom sequences based on arithmetic polynomials." PRZEGL�D ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 3 (March 5, 2015): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2015.03.06.

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41

A. A. Hafez, Ahmed, R. M. Al-Bouthig, and J. I. AL-Sadey. "Unified P-Q based STATCOM Control for Wind Driven Induction Generator." Iraqi Journal for Electrical And Electronic Engineering 11, no. 1 (June 28, 2015): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33762/eeej.2015.102710.

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42

Momeni, Mahdi, and Mohsen Moezzi. "A low loss RC I/Q generator for vector-sum applications." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 110 (October 2019): 152852. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2019.152852.

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43

IRAC-ASTAUD, MICHÈLE. "DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS ON A THREE-PARAMETER OSCILLATOR ALGEBRA." Reviews in Mathematical Physics 08, no. 08 (November 1996): 1083–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129055x96000408.

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Two differential calculi are developed on an algebra generalizing the usual q-oscillator algebra and involving three generators and three parameters. They are shown to be invariant under the same quantum group that is extended to a ten-generator Hopf algebra. We discuss the special case where it reduces to a deformation of the invariance group of the Weyl-Heisenberg algebra for which we prove the existence of a constraint between the values of the parameters.

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44

de Souza, Rausley Adriano Amaral, Antonio Marcelo Oliveira Ribeiro, and Dayan Adionel Guimarães. "On the Efficient Generation ofα-κ-μandα-η-μWhite Samples with Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/873890.

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This paper is concerned with a simple and highly efficient random sequence generator for uncorrelatedα-κ-μandα-η-μvariates. The algorithm may yield an efficiency of almost 100%, and this high efficiency can be reached for all special cases such asα-μ, κ-μ, η-μ, Nakagami-m, Nakagami-q, Weibull, Hoyt, Rayleigh, Rice, Exponential, and the One-Sided Gaussian. This generator is implemented via the rejection technique and allows for arbitrary fading parameters. The goodness-of-fit is measured using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Anderson-Darling tests. The maximum likelihood parameter estimation for theκ-μdistribution is proposed and verified against true values of the parameters chosen in the generator. We also provide two important applications for the random sequence generator, the first one dealing with the performance assessment of a digital communication system over theα-κ-μandα-η-μfading channels and the second one dealing with the performance assessment of the spectrum sensing with energy detection over special cases of these channels. Theoretical and simulation results are compared, validating again the accuracy of the generators.

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Ziolkowski, Pawel, Przemyslaw Blaschkewitz, Byungki Ryu, SuDong Park, and Eckhard Müller. "International Round Robin Test of Thermoelectric Generator Modules." Materials 15, no. 5 (February 22, 2022): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051627.

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The status of metrology for the characterization of thermoelectric generator modules (TEM) is investigated in this work by an international round robin (RR) test including twelve laboratories from nine countries on three continents. Measurements have been performed with three samples of a Bi2Te3-based commercial TEM type, which has prevailed over three competing types during previous tests on the short- and long-term stability. A comparison of temperature-dependent results is provided up to 200 °C hot side temperature for the maximum power output Pmax, the incident heat flow Q˙In (at maximum efficiency conditions), and the maximum efficiency ηmax. Data evaluation from all RR participants reveals maximum standard deviations for these measurands of 27.2% (Pmax), 59.2% (Q˙In), and 25.9% (ηmax). A comparison between RR data sets and reference data from manufacturer specifications shows high deviations of up to 46%, too. These deviations reflect the absence of measurement guidelines and reference samples and confirm the need for improvements in the standardization of TEM metrology. Accordingly, the results of the RR are presented against the background of our own investigations on the uncertainty budgets for the determination of the abovementioned TEM properties using inhouse-developed characterization facilities, which comprise reference and absolute measurement techniques for the determination of heat flow.

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Wang, Shuyang, Qiu Xia, Xingguo Wang, Yarong Guo, Zhengguang Chen, and Dingxiang Du. "Modelling& Simulation and Protection& Control Verification Method for Asynchronous Motor-Synchronous Generator Sets." E3S Web of Conferences 185 (2020): 01033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018501033.

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Power supply system made of asynchronous motor-synchronous generator sets (M-G sets) is often used as power supply for important loads. The system usually consists of two M-G sets. Unlike synchronous generators connecting to large power grid, the two generators in the system can have significant effect on the other when field loss fault occurs. If the protection settings are inappropriate, the two generators may trip one after another during a fault on a single generator, causing the important load losing all the power supply. This paper proposed a simulation and protection verification method based on the RTDS digital modelling for M- G sets including detailed excitation system. The modelling and simulation methods can effectively verify the reasonability of settings of the P-Q restriction of the excitation regulator and the PID controllers, and provide the important basis for the setting of over-current protection and loss of excitation protection, ensuring the safe operation of the power supply system made of M-G sets.

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CAMPBELL, C. M., J. D. MITCHELL, and N. RUšKUC. "On defining groups efficiently without using inverses." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 133, no. 1 (July 2002): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004102005959.

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Let G be a group, and let 〈A[mid ]R〉 be a finite group presentation for G with [mid ]R[mid ][ges ][mid ]A[mid ]. Then there exists a finite semigroup presentation 〈B[mid ]Q〉 for G such that [mid ]Q[mid ]- [mid ]B[mid ] = [mid ]R[mid ]- [mid ]A[mid ]. Moreover, B is either the same generating set or else it contains one additional generator.

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Styliaris, Georgios, and Paolo Zanardi. "Symmetries and monotones in Markovian quantum dynamics." Quantum 4 (April 30, 2020): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2020-04-30-261.

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What can one infer about the dynamical evolution of quantum systems just by symmetry considerations? For Markovian dynamics in finite dimensions, we present a simple construction that assigns to each symmetry of the generator a family of scalar functions over quantum states that are monotonic under the time evolution. The aforementioned monotones can be utilized to identify states that are non-reachable from an initial state by the time evolution and include all constraints imposed by conserved quantities, providing a generalization of Noether's theorem for this class of dynamics. As a special case, the generator itself can be considered a symmetry, resulting in non-trivial constraints over the time evolution, even if all conserved quantities trivialize. The construction utilizes tools from quantum information-geometry, mainly the theory of monotone Riemannian metrics. We analyze the prototypical cases of dephasing and Davies generators.

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Zhang, De Wei, and Zhen Nan Fan. "No-Load Voltage Waveform Computation of the Different Design Schemes of Stator Slots Skewing Degree of Tubular Hydro-Generator." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.296.

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To reduce the tubular hydro-generator no-load voltage waveform distortion,some different design schemes of stator slot skewing degree in a 36MW fractional slot tubular hydro-generator (q=11/2 ) are calculated and compared. Then, the relation of the no-load voltage waveform harmonic distortion factor (HDF) and stator slot skewing degree are revealed. The research provides the important reference informations for the optimization of no-load voltage waveform , and it is helpful for improving the industral design and manufacture standard of tubular hydro-generator.

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Tokarev, L. N. "Transformer EMF in differential equations of synchronous generators." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 05055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912405055.

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The article presents differential equations of a synchronous generator transformed according to the theory of two reactions, that is, in the axes d-q. We consider the influence of transformer EMF on transients. We prove that for the accurate calculation of transients in an electric power system it is necessary to use differential equations of the synchronous generator taking into account the transformer EMF in its stator.

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