Academic literature on the topic 'Generative organs Examination'
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Journal articles on the topic "Generative organs Examination"
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Kotsyumbas, G., and M. Shkil. "Pathomorphological characteristic of immune organs for circovirus infection of piglets." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 83 (March 2, 2018): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8329.
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The article elucidates the results of pathoanatomical and histological searches of peripheral immune organs for circovirus infection of piglets. In one of the farms of Transcarpathian region among the pigs of 3–4 months of age were found clinically ill animals, blood was taken, serum test was performed and circiiros was diagnosed. The pathoanatomical autopsy of 12 corpses of piglets was done. During the autopsy of corpses macroscopic changes were studied and samples of mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen were taken, which were fixed in 10% neutral formalin, dehydrated in alcohols of increasing concentration, followed by sealing and filling with paraffin. From paraffin blocks, histological cuts were made, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, using the Van Gizon method. Light microscopy and photographing were performed using a Leica DM-2500 (Switzerland) microscope and Leica DFC450C cameras and the Leica Application Suite Version 4.4 software. For macroscopic examination, in all cases, hyperplasia of the spleen and serous-hemorrhagic lymphadenitis have been established. For histological examination of mesenteric lymph nodes in sick piglets with cirrhosis against a background of severe congestive hyperemia, diapedeous hemorrhages, exudation, there was a sharp decrease in the number of lymphocytes in the lymph nodes, activation of reticuloendothelial cells, transformation of them into epithelioid and formation of giant cells. The detection of polycarocytes in the lymph nodes of sick piglets on the circus is a morphological confirmation of the cytopathic effect of the virus. The histological search of the spleen of pigs for circovirus infection on the background of blood filling, edema of trabeculae, plasma permeation of vascular walls was marked by an intensive decrease in the number of white pulp cells, as evidenced by a sharp decrease in the lymph nodes themselves. The revealed histostructural changes indicated a depletion of the spleen, suppression of its generative function, and an immunosuppressive state of one of the organs of immunogenesis.
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Тогачинська, О. В., and І. В. Паращенко. "Екологічна експертиза технологій вирощування пшениці озимої в умовах північного Лісостепу." Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії, no. 2 (June 27, 2018): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31210/visnyk2018.02.06.
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Висвітлено результати екологічної експертизи технологій вирощування пшениці озимої у північному Лісостепу за впливом на процеси міграції міді в генетичних горизонтах темно-сірого опідзоленого ґрунту та накопичення її у веґетативних і генеративних органах рослин. Результати екотоксикологічних досліджень дали змогу виявити, що мінеральна система удобрення та інтенсивний захист рослин можуть бути причиною нагромадження потенційно небезпечних шкідливих речовин у верхніх горизонтах ґрунту, а також сприяти їх міграції вниз за ґрунтовим профілем і створювати потенційну загрозу забруднення ґрунтових вод.
The research was carried out on the basis of the Institute of Agroecology of the UAAS and the NSC «Institute of Agriculture of UAAS». Winter wheat variety – Lada Odes’ka. The soil of the experimental field is dark gray podzolized.
The scheme of the experiment involved the study of fertilizer variants against the background of the minimal and intensive system of plant protection: control (without fertilizers), N60N30, P135K135 + N80 + N55, by-products, P90K90 + N60 + N30.
The results of ecological examination of technologies of winter wheat growing in the Northern Forest-Steppe for the influence on the processes of copper migration in the genetic horizons of dark gray podzolized soil and its accumulation in vegetative and generative organs of plants are highlighted. The results of ecotoxicological studies have revealed that the mineral fertilizer system and intensive plant protection can cause the accumulation of potentially hazardous substances in the upper horizons of the soil. As well as promote their migration down the soil profile and create a potential threat to groundwater contamination.
It was established that under the influence of mineral fertilizers (P135K135 + N80 + N55, P90K90N60 + N30, N45P45K45) intensive protection was carried out more active accumulation of potentially dangerous substances by vegetative (stem, leaves) by the organs of wheat. The use of by-products led to a decrease in the activity of these processes. Fertilizer systems, and especially plant protection, have had a significant impact on the redistribution of harmful substances between vegetative and generative organs of wheat. The amount of copper in winter wheat grains with intensive plant protection increased significantly.
Prospects for scientific work in the future will be aimed at studying the influence of the transition of the transition of nickel, zinc from the soil into vegetative and generative organs of winter wheat and conducting an environmental assessment of technologies for growing winter wheat according to toxicological indicators.
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Naugolnykh, Serge V. "Paracalamitina striata—a newly reconstructed equisetophyte from the Permian of Angaraland." Journal of Paleontology 76, no. 2 (March 2002): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000041755.
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This paper deals with Paracalamitina striata (Schmalhausen) Zalessky, 1934, an equisetophyte of the family Tschernoviaceae from the Permian of Angaraland. New material contributes to a better understanding of this plant, which now can be reconstructed. Paracalamitina striata is an equisetopsid with opposite ribs on the stem. Its main stem bears lateral shoots or shoot and leaf scars, that are located at nodes. Shoot nodes have subcylindrical leaf sheaths. The distal parts of leaves are free and acute. Generative organs are fertile zones, which are formed by numerous sporangiophores with peltate sporophylls. A terminal sterile whorl is presented above each fertile zone. An emended diagnosis of Paracalamitina Zalessky is provided on the basis of new material and re-examination of previously collected specimens as well. The nomenclature and taxonomic status of P. striata also are discussed.
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Gökbayrak, Z., and H. Engin. "Determination of floral development stages in ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (Vitis vinifera L. cv.): highlighting the manifestation of stamens and pistil primordia with new intermediate stages linking the phenological stages." Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 34, no. 2 (2019): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ctv/20193402084.
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Despite relatively intensive work on the development of inflorescence primordia during grapevine growth in season one, some informational gaps are present in the flower and floral organ development in the season two. In addition, concurrents events of phenology and formation of flowers and floral parts has not been dealt with. With the aid of digital imaging, this research had three objectives; a) describe the developmental events that take place during and after bud break in the buds and in the individual flowers in terms of differentiation, b) match these events with phenological stages, and c) determine size-related growth of the floral organs. After careful dissecting and examination of the samples under microscopy, taken ever 5-10 days between March 20 and May 10 in 2016, the results indicated that highly esteemed works regarding the reproductive anatomy of grapevines needed some additional stages to fully describe events in the stamen and pistil primordia after the appearance of petal primordia. Five intermediate stages were added to the stages of “formation of flowers”. Differentiation of inflorescence and individual flowers occurred in the second season as the buds swelled in the spring. Stamens and pistil could be seen about 3 weeks later and completed their initial growth in another 3 weeks. Flower primordia was visible on April 1 and showed a more than 9-fold increase over the course of 5 to 6 weeks. flowers increased their width and their length more than 9- and 15-fold, respectively, between stage 8.1 (April 1) and 10.3 (May 10). At first, they were wider than they were longer, but at later stages they grew longitudinally. Reproductive organ primordia were visualized around the time of 2-4 leaves separated on the shoots. Signs of generative parts become apparent in late April. Anthers were the smallest in the flower. Filaments, on the other hand, elongated almost 7-fold in a period of 20 days. Gynoecium growth was the most impressive and total pistil length increased from 52.8 to 162 μm, ovary width from 40.4 to 99.8 μm, and stigma diameter from 9.96 to 44.9 μm in twenty days. By the time the pistil took its final shape, 6-8 leaves grew on the shoot during which inflorescence could also be seen.
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Yang, Yang, Weihai Zhuo, Yiyang Zhao, Tianwu Xie, Chuyan Wang, and Haikuan Liu. "Estimating Specific Patient Organ Dose for Chest CT Examinations with Monte Carlo Method." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (September 26, 2021): 8961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11198961.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to preliminarily estimate patient-specific organ doses in chest CT examinations for Chinese adults, and to investigate the effect of patient size on organ doses. Methods: By considering the body-size and body-build effects on the organ doses and taking the mid-chest water equivalent diameter (WED) as a body-size indicator, the chest scan images of 18 Chinese adults were acquired on a multi-detector CT to generate the regional voxel models. For each patient, the lungs, heart, and breasts (glandular breast tissues for both breasts) were segmented, and other organs were semi-automated segmented based on their HU values. The CT scanner and patient models simulated by MCNPX 2.4.0 software (Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos Alamos, USA) were used to calculate lung, breast, and heart doses. CTDIvol values were used to normalize simulated organ doses, and the exponential estimation model between the normalized organ dose and WED was investigated. Results: Among the 18 patients in this study, the simulated doses of lung, heart, and breast were 18.15 ± 2.69 mGy, 18.68 ± 2.87 mGy, and 16.11 ± 3.08 mGy, respectively. Larger patients received higher organ doses than smaller ones due to the higher tube current used. The ratios of lung, heart, and breast doses to the CTDIvol were 1.48 ± 0.22, 1.54 ± 0.20, and 1.41 ± 0.13, respectively. The normalized organ doses of all the three organs decreased with the increase in WED, and the normalized doses decreased more obviously in the lung and the heart than that in the breasts. Conclusions: The output of CT scanner under ATCM is positively related to the attenuation of patients, larger-size patients receive higher organ doses. The organ dose normalized by CTDIvol was negatively correlated with patient size. The organ doses could be estimated by using the indicated CTDIvol combined with the estimated WED.
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Muangpoon, Theerapat, Reza Haghighi Osgouei, David Escobar-Castillejos, Christos Kontovounisios, and Fernando Bello. "Augmented Reality System for Digital Rectal Examination Training and Assessment: System Validation." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 8 (August 13, 2020): e18637. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18637.
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Background Digital rectal examination is a difficult examination to learn and teach because of limited opportunities for practice; however, the main challenge is that students and tutors cannot see the finger when it is palpating the anal canal and prostate gland inside the patients. Objective This paper presents an augmented reality system to be used with benchtop models commonly available in medical schools with the aim of addressing the problem of lack of visualization. The system enables visualization of the examining finger, as well as of the internal organs when performing digital rectal examinations. Magnetic tracking sensors are used to track the movement of the finger, and a pressure sensor is used to monitor the applied pressure. By overlaying a virtual finger on the real finger and a virtual model on the benchtop model, students can see through the examination and finger maneuvers. Methods The system was implemented in the Unity game engine (Unity Technologies) and uses a first-generation HoloLens (Microsoft Inc) as an augmented reality device. To evaluate the system, 19 participants (9 clinicians who routinely performed digital rectal examinations and 10 medical students) were asked to use the system and answer 12 questions regarding the usefulness of the system. Results The system showed the movement of an examining finger in real time with a frame rate of 60 fps on the HoloLens and accurately aligned the virtual and real models with a mean error of 3.9 mm. Users found the movement of the finger was realistic (mean 3.9, SD 1.2); moreover, they found the visualization of the finger and internal organs were useful for teaching, learning, and assessment of digital rectal examinations (finger: mean 4.1, SD 1.1; organs: mean 4.6, SD 0.8), mainly targeting a novice group. Conclusions The proposed augmented reality system was designed to improve teaching and learning of digital rectal examination skills by providing visualization of the finger and internal organs. The initial user study proved its applicability and usefulness.
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Gawlitza, Joshua, Thomas Henzler, Frederik Trinkmann, Elke Nekolla, Holger Haubenreisser, and Gunnar Brix. "COPD Imaging on a 3rd Generation Dual-Source CT: Acquisition of Paired Inspiratory-Expiratory Chest Scans at an Overall Reduced Radiation Risk." Diagnostics 10, no. 12 (December 18, 2020): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10121106.
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As stated by the Fleischner Society, an additional computed tomography (CT) scan in expiration is beneficial in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It was thus the aim of this study to evaluate the radiation risk of a state-of-the-art paired inspiratory-expiratory chest scan compared to inspiration-only examinations. Radiation doses to 28 organs were determined for 824 COPD patients undergoing routine chest examinations at three different CT systems–a conventional multi-slice CT (MSCT), a 2nd generation (2nd-DSCT), and 3rd generation dual-source CT (3rd-DSCT). Patients examined at the 3rd-DSCT received a paired inspiratory-expiratory scan. Organ doses, effective doses, and lifetime attributable cancer risks (LAR) were calculated. All organ and effective doses were significantly lower for the paired inspiratory-expiratory protocol (effective doses: 4.3 ± 1.5 mSv (MSCT), 3.0 ± 1.2 mSv (2nd-DSCT), and 2.0 ± 0.8 mSv (3rd-DSCT)). Accordingly, LAR was lowest for the paired protocol with an estimate of 0.025 % and 0.013% for female and male patients (50 years) respectively. Image quality was not compromised. Paired inspiratory-expiratory scans can be acquired on 3rd-DSCT systems at substantially lower dose and risk levels when compared to inspiration-only scans at conventional CT systems, offering promising prospects for improved COPD diagnosis.
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Kulbanska, I. M., M. V. Shvets, А. F. Goychuk, L. H. Biliavska, and V. P. Patyka. "Lelliottia nimipressuralis (Carter 1945) Brady et al. 2013 – the Causative Agent of Bacterial Dropsy of Common Oak (Quercus robur L.) in Ukraine." Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 83, no. 5 (October 17, 2021): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj83.05.030.
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The article presents the symptomatic characteristics of vascular-parenchymal bacteriosis, which is quite common on forest woody plants, caused by the causative agent of bacterial dropsy. It was shown that a characteristic feature of this bacteriosis is the formation of various shapes and sizes of ulcers, in the places of formation of which there is a release of a dark, almost black, exudate. It is emphasized that during the study of the vascular system of common oak trees, its dark coloration is noticeable. Now there is a chronic course of the disease with the presence of dieback of individual branches in the crown. It was established that the causative agent of bacterial dropsy is Lelliottia nimipressuralis; its physiological and biochemical characteristics are given. The aim of the work is the bacteriological study of wood samples with typical signs of bacterial dropsy, study of morphological, cultural and biochemical properties of the causative agent of bacterial dropsy of oak. Methods. Classical microbiological, phytopathological, biochemical, statistical methods were uses in the work. If a bacterial dropsy was suspected, diagnostic methods were combined, with the help of which the etiology of the disease was established: an accurate analysis of symptoms; a thorough microscopic examination of the affected parts of plants; isolation and identification of the pathogen using NEFERMtest24 MikroLaTE, ErbaLachema, API 20E test systems and the like. Results. We have noted the habitual manifestations of the bacterial dropsy of the common oak. From the lesion, where dark brown areas of wood appeared under the bark in the area of the ulcer against the background of healthy light-colored wood, isolated bacterial isolates were identified by morphological and physiological-biochemical properties as Lelliottia nimipressuralis (Brady et al. 2013) – the causative agent of bacterial dropsy of oak (now Enterobacter nimipressuralis). It was found that isolates from common oak, like the collection strain E. nimipressuralis 8791, are gram-negative. It was shown that the studied bacteria are facultative anaerobes and use glucose both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. They do not form gelatinase and protopectinase. Exhibit a positive Voges-Proskauer reaction. Bacteria use glucose, arabinose, rhamnose, amygdalin, and melibiose as the only source of carbon nourishment. The bacteria do not use inositol and sorbitol. They do not form indole and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), but are capable of reducing nitrates. They contain arginine dehydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, β-galactosidase, but not lysine decarboxylase, and urease. Conclusions. It has been established that the diseases that we discovered are, by all symptomatic signs, a systemic, vascular-parenchymal bacteriosis, known as bacterial dropsy of oak, which affects all tissues, plant parts and generative organs at all stages of ontogenesis. According to the morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of bacterial dropsy isolated by us during the research, we identified the causative agent of bacterial edema of oak – Lelliottia nimipressuralis (Carter 1945).
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Dudareva, Yu A., V. A. Gur'eva, and Ya N. Shoikhet. "THE INVESTIGATION OF PREVALENCE OF GENITAL INFLAMMATION IN WOMEN OF SECOND GENERATION OF DESCENDANTS WHOSE ANCESTORS WERE IN THE AREA OF RADIATION EXPOSURE." Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 67, no. 7 (July 10, 2012): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v67i7.333.
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There are the results of a comprehensive clinical examination of 112 women of childbearing age who are second generation descendants of those who were in the area of radiation exposure over 25 ED cSv. Incidence and factors leading to chronic inflammation of pelvic organs were studied. Immune status was evaluated by studying of subpopulation of immune cells in peripheral blood and levels of basic inflammatory cytokines. High incidence of the pelvic organs inflammatory diseases in women second-generation offspring due to disturbances in the complex chain of immunocompetent system was defined.
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Punzon, Isabel, Luis M. Criado, Alfredo Serrano, Fernando Serrano, and Antonio Bernad. "Highly efficient lentiviral-mediated human cytokine transgenesis on the NOD/scid background." Blood 103, no. 2 (January 15, 2004): 580–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2003-07-2298.
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Abstract Human neo-organ formation from stem cells can only be assayed by in vivo xenotransplantation. The human nonobese diabetic–severe combined immunodeficient (HuNOD/scid) CD34+ cell transplantation is a model that allows examination of hematopoietic tissue formation, although human hematopoietic cell maturation is abortive. Conventional humanization of the cytokine microenvironment has depended on generation of human cytokine-transgenic mice in strains appropriate for conventional plasmid microinjection, followed by backcrossing, a costly and time-consuming approach. Lentiviral vector infection of single-cell embryos was recently reported to produce transgenic animals. Using this approach, we have generated direct human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) transgenic mice from lentivirus-microinjected NOD/scid embryos, with 68% efficiency and 100% penetrance; this allowed us to obtain NOD/scid transgenic mice with considerable savings of resources. This powerful technique should assist in producing novel mouse models for the study of human blood cell lineage development and other human neo-organs from stem cell xenotransplantation for which a similar “humanization” rationale may be required.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Generative organs Examination"
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Chili, Thembisile. "Knowledge of cervical cancer and awareness of screening regimes/routines among HIV positive women in Swaziland." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23623.
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Background
Cervical cancer is one of the common cancers worldwide. Despite the available screening services, the uptake of cancer of the cervix is very low. The incidence and mortality in western countries has reduced greatly due to the introduction of cervical cancer screening programmes. However, this is not the same in Africa where cervical cancer is more prevalent in lower resource countries to lack of access to effective screening and services that enhances early detection and treatment.
Purpose/Aim of the study
The purpose of this research is to determine knowledge of cervical cancer and the level of awareness of screening regimes/routines among HIV positive women in Swaziland. The study was conducted at one hospital specifically at the HIV Care Unit and Public Health Unit between January and June 2015.
Methods
The questionnaire was administered to collect data and consisted both open and close-ended questions. The questionnaire comprises of three sections: Section A: Socio-demographic data and Section B: Awareness on Cervical Cancer. Section C: Awareness/knowledge on cervical cancer screening. The sample consisted of 123 HIV positive who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) or ART naive. The mean age for the respondents was 35 years.
Results
From this study, N=28 (23%) out of 123 (77%) reported to have received annual Pap smear for cervical cancer screening. A low proportion of the respondents (45%) had knowledge on cervical cancer screening. In addition, 63% of those who got information about cervical cancer screening through the radio perceived themselves to be at risk of getting cervical cancer. Only 4% heard about cervical cancer at the ART clinic, despite having been followed up for their care at the HIV clinic. Those who screened for cervical cancer were younger in age 25-34 years (80%). This study also revealed that education increased the changes of a woman to be screened for cervical cancer. If a woman had a university or high school education, she perceived herself to be at risk of getting cervical cancer.
Conclusion
Knowledge is power, cervical cancer campaigns should be conducted at national level in order to promote prevention through screening. Cervical cancer screening should be fully integrated into HIV servicesHealth Studies
M.A. (Public Health)
Books on the topic "Generative organs Examination"
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European Society of Gynecologic Endoscopy Congress. 7th Congress of the European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy: Lausanne, Switzerland, December 6-12, 1998. Edited by Dequesne J, Eberhard M, and Hohl M. K. Bologna: Monduzzi international proceedings division, 1998.
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European Society of Gynecological Endoscopy. Congress. 4th Congress of the European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy: The uterus throughout the woman's life : Brussels (Belgium), December 6-9, 1995. Edited by Brosens I. A and Donnez J. Bologna: Monduzzi International Proceedings Division, 1996.
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MRCOG, O'Connor Rory, and Jenner Chris, eds. OSCEs and MCQs in obstetrics and gynaecology: A survival guide. Edinburgh: Saunders, 1999.
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Dinh, Tung Van. Clinical gynecologic oncology review. Edited by Doherty Mark G, Hannigan Edward V. 1945-, and DiSaia Philip J. 1937-. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book, 1992.
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G, Doherty Mark, Hannigan Edward V. 1945-, and DiSaia Philip J. 1937-, eds. Clinical gynecologic oncology review. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1998.
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Examination review for ultrasound: Abdomen & obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011.
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Treanor, Catherine. Clinical competencies and education guide: Limited ultrasound examination in obstetric/infertility settings. Washington, D.C: Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses, 1998.
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Paula, Spencer, ed. The V book: A doctor's guide to complete vulvovaginal health. New York: Bantam Books, 2002.
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Royal College of Physicians of London. Physical signs of sexual abuse in children. 2nd ed. London: Royal College of Physicians of London, 1997.
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Harry, Reich, ed. Textbook of laparoscopy. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Generative organs Examination"
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Li, Jing. "Examination of Key Issues in Designing the ORC Condensation Temperature." In Structural Optimization and Experimental Investigation of the Organic Rankine Cycle for Solar Thermal Power Generation, 101–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45623-1_4.
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A. Verganelakis, Dimitris, and Maria Lyra-Georgosopoulou. "Nuclear Medicine Dosimetry in Paediatric Population." In Dosimetry [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105346.
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Nowadays, the value of paediatric nuclear diagnostic medical imaging has been well established within the medical community. Despite decades of nuclear medicine practice, studies in nuclear medicine to achieve the lowest possible radiation dose to the patient while ensuring the optimized image quality have to be continued. Numerous studies highlighted a long list of objectives, in order to obtain the minimum possible absorbed dose, achieve short scan times and generate images with a high signal to noise ratio (SNR) and spatial/temporal resolution. For the development of guidelines, it is necessary to study the handling of radiopharmaceuticals, the dose splitting processes, the quality control protocols, the plan design of infrastructures, the availability of optimized dose calibrators for the corresponding radiopharmaceuticals, the development of new more sensitive radiopharmaceuticals, and optimized protocols for diagnostic or therapeutical examination of the patient. Anthropomorphic phantoms are used to model paediatric patients, but anatomical models and their pharmacokinetic data are not applied directly to any specific patient. There is a need for the development of personalized dosimetry in children. Factors regarding age, weight and biological and molecular background of the pathology must be included in paediatric personalized dosimetry. The developmental process of the child, as shape, mass, volume, anatomy, physiological indices (metabolism, heart rate, etc.) and variations due to pathologies should be taken under consideration. Corrections of radiation time of the target organ, in relation to neighbouring tissues, blood supply, estimation of residual activity/time and clearance rate are parameters in the calculations of paediatric dosimetry in nuclear medicine. In hybrid imaging examinations with computed tomography modality, the contribution of absorbed dose from CT to the paediatric patient must also be calculated.
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Primrose, Sandy B. "Some Common Pathogenicity Themes." In Microbiology of Infectious Disease, 239–41. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192863843.003.0031.
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Many new pathogens have been identified in the last fifty years and there are three reasons for this. First, many of these new pathogens are zoonoses whose spread to humans can be linked to habitat destruction. Second, there has been a massive increase in air travel and this has facilitated global dissemination of diseases that otherwise might have remained very local. Third, there has been a huge rise in opportunistic infections by organisms originally thought to be non-pathogenic as a result of a concomitant rise in the numbers of immunocompromised individuals because of chemotherapy, organ transplant, or HIV/AIDS. Examination of these pathogens has identified a number of common themes. Horizontal gene transfer, particularly mediated by plasmids and/or lysogenic conversion, has driven the evolution of cellular pathogens. In the case of viral pathogens, a key driver of evolution has been error-prone replication via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase generating mutants that can overcome barriers to cross-species transmission.
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Randhawa, Deep Kamal Kaur. "Single Electronics for Biomedical Applications." In Computational Tools and Techniques for Biomedical Signal Processing, 212–27. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0660-7.ch010.
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The nanoelectronic circuits based on single electronics would revolutionise the new generation electronic bio-medical gadgets. The high speed nanoelectronic devices would make these gadgets faster and more accurate. The nanoelectronic integrated circuits would be a boon for power saving along with advanced portability. As the scaling down of silicon based integrated circuits is limited in nanometer regime alternative materials like organic molecules, polymers, carbon nanotubes and graphene are focal point of research. These materials exhibit various electrical, electronic and mechanical properties, flexibility being one of very significant ones. Flexible nanelectronic integrated circuits would make biomedical applications very patient friendly. The in-vivo examination and diagnosis would be less injurious to the body. Also the flexible nature will increase the maneuverability of the device by the operator. It will improve the targeted diagnosis and targeted drug delivery procedures. This would further facilitate system-on- chip (soc) that will integrate multiple biomedical signal acquisition (ECG, EEG, EP, and respiration-related signals) with on-chip digital signal processing.
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Randhawa, Deep Kamal Kaur. "Single Electronics for Biomedical Applications." In Biomedical Engineering, 1448–63. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3158-6.ch061.
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The nanoelectronic circuits based on single electronics would revolutionise the new generation electronic bio-medical gadgets. The high speed nanoelectronic devices would make these gadgets faster and more accurate. The nanoelectronic integrated circuits would be a boon for power saving along with advanced portability. As the scaling down of silicon based integrated circuits is limited in nanometer regime alternative materials like organic molecules, polymers, carbon nanotubes and graphene are focal point of research. These materials exhibit various electrical, electronic and mechanical properties, flexibility being one of very significant ones. Flexible nanelectronic integrated circuits would make biomedical applications very patient friendly. The in-vivo examination and diagnosis would be less injurious to the body. Also the flexible nature will increase the maneuverability of the device by the operator. It will improve the targeted diagnosis and targeted drug delivery procedures. This would further facilitate system-on- chip (soc) that will integrate multiple biomedical signal acquisition (ECG, EEG, EP, and respiration-related signals) with on-chip digital signal processing.
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"Psychiatry." In Oxford Handbook for Medical School, edited by Kapil Sugand, Miriam Berry, Imran Yusuf, Aisha Janjua, Chris Bird, David Metcalfe, Harveer Dev, et al., 567–88. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199681907.003.0029.
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This chapter covers all major psychiatric presentations and how to take a psychiatric history and from this, make a formulation detailing predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective factors for the patient with a psychiatric problem. The chapter also describes the mental state examination. The chapter identifies the multidisciplinary team that students will encounter on a psychiatry placement, including community psychiatric nurses, occupational therapists, and psychologists. The chapter opens with a summary of the UK Mental Health Act and the principles underlying capacity and the assessment of capacity. The chapter analyses psychosis, describing both hallucinations and delusions, and links these to both organic causes (e.g. a brain tumour, alcohol misuse, central nervous system infection, autoimmune conditions) and psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and drug-induced psychosis). Schizophrenia is discussed in detail, including Schneider’s first-rank symptoms (e.g. auditory hallucinations), and first- and second-generation antipsychotic drugs are described, including their side effects. Bipolar affective disorder is described, including acute management of acute mania. Depression is also covered, including Beck’s triad of helplessness, hopelessness, and feelings of worthlessness, and further breaking these down into biological and psychological features. Indications for antidepressant medication and electroconvulsive therapy and their side effects are discussed. Emotionally unstable borderline personality disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, eating disorders, and anxiety disorders are also explored.
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Jayappriyan, K. R., C. Kurinjimalar, M. Kaviraj, M. Vijayakumar, R. Rajkumar, and Rathinam Raja. "Bioactive Compounds from Algae: Potential Applications." In Algal Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: Benefits, Opportunities, and Challenges, 184–211. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815051872122010012.
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Algae are ancient oxygen-producing photosynthetic organism that lives in water bodies all over the world. The algal biodiversity in the aquatic ecosystem represents a new field of product discovery with the potential to manage human ailments. They are untapped resources, and in recent years, algal culture technology has been a business-oriented field owing to its diverse applications. The consumption of algae is traditional in human diets and dates back thousand years ago. The recent increasing algal demand is due to its safety and functional benefits. Algae are an edible source of food with potential therapeutic activities of anti-oxidant, antiobesity, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-viral, antifungal, and antibacterial properties, which could be employed as medical ailments. Different types of algalderived bioactive compounds in a biological system are evidenced by in vitro and in vivo examinations. Raw algae or its compound are under a pipeline of market production due to their cultivable nature, which actually paves the way to generate larger business in the food and nutraceutical industry. This chapter summarizes several algal bioactive compounds with proven activities against metabolic disorders.
Conference papers on the topic "Generative organs Examination"
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Cheng, W., and K. Farhang. "Examination of Roughness Effects on Bio-Adhesion of SAM Through Numerical Simulation." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63311.
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Self-assembled monolayers (SAM) formed on gold or hydroxylated surfaces are well ordered organic surfaces that enable the control of interface property at the molecular scale. Microcontact printing is a simple technique that can pattern the formation of SAM in the plane with dimensions on the micron scale. The combination of SAM and microcontact printing makes a technique useful for studying a variety of fundamental phenomena in bio-interfacial science such as cell adhesion. However, the existence of surface roughness tends to impede the effectiveness of the method in generating the desirable interface properties. Studies have shown that surface roughness significantly changes adhesion of SAM coated material. The current study tries to understand the roughness effects on bio-adhesion of cell-SAM substratum. A current model of cell adhesion considers the effects of nonspecific and specific interactions between adhesion molecules and the substrate assuming an isotropic Gaussian distributed roughness. Simulation results show the change of pull-off force and contact area due to different scales of roughness. The reduction rate of cell adhesion due to roughness and chemical-mechanical factors are then compared to show the significance of roughness effects on SAM adhesion. Results suggest that caution must be taken in quantitative interpretation of protein and cell adsorption strength by using SAM device as a biosensor.
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NONATO, Manuelly Rufino, Renata Fernandes Ferreira MORAES, Leticia Meirelles ÁVILA, Ana Cláudia Tavares VIEIRA, and Erica Cristina Rocha ROIER. "EQUINE (Equus caballus) INFUNDIBULAR DISEASE: CASE REPORT." In SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2021 INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE. DR. D. SCIENTIFIC CONSULTING, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.21scon.16_abstract_nonato.pdf.
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Raising horses has become increasingly important over the years, generating great income for breeders and contributing to the economy of the entire country. Dental care with these animals occurs less frequently than necessary, which causes weakness and loss of performance in them. Infundibular disease is a dental disorder, defined as a necrotizing bacteriosis characterized by destroying the inorganic material of the dental tissues, affecting mainly the premolar and molar teeth. This pathology may predispose to other alterations such as colic syndrome, gingivitis, difficulty in feeding, and consequent weight loss, besides resistance in the adaptation to mouth movements, which cause significant losses to the breeders. Its diagnosis is made through anamnesis, general and specific clinical examination of the oral cavity, and complementary exams, such as x-ray. This paper reports the case of a 13-year-old horse weighing about 400 kg of live weight, whose chosen treatment was the extraction of the affected tooth. The study aimed to review predisposing factors, diagnosis, the effects that this clinical change can cause on the animal’s organism, and infundibular disease treatment, describing the therapy used and its results.
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Hui, Gang, Fei Gu, and Zhangxin Chen. "Integration of Mineralogy, Petrophysics, Geochemistry and Geomechanics to Evaluate Unconventional Shale Resources." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210642-ms.
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Abstract It is not entirely understood how related geological parameters vary during the thermal maturation and development of shale resources and controlling factors of shale productivity. Here, a detailed examination of mineralogy, geochemistry, petrophysics, and geomechanics-related data is conducted to explore the productivity of the Fox Creek, Alberta shale play. Experiments using X-Ray Diffraction, Tight Rock Analysis, Rock-Eval Pyrolysis, and Triaxial Compression are conducted to characterize the mineralogy, petrophysics, geochemistry, and geomechanics of the region under study. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is used to quantify the relationship between shale output productivity and reservoir input parameters. Using 300 core samples from 15 wells targeting the Duvernay shale, the key governing characteristics of shale potential were then examined. The Duvernay shale is dominated by quartz, clay, and calcite, according to X-Ray Diffraction measurements. Tight Rock Analysis indicates that the effective porosity of the Duvernay shale ranges from 1.56% to 6.11%, with an average value of 3.97 %, while the core permeability ranges from 0.25 to 345.5 nD, with an average value of 127.2nD. The total organic carbon (TOC) content ranged from 2.32 to 5.0 %, with an average of 3.86 %, according to Rock-Eval Pyrolysis testing. The majority of the Duvernay shale near the Fox Creek region (i.e., Fox Creek shale) was deposited in an oxygen-depleted maritime environment, whereas the Duvernay shale was in the gas generation window. The MLR technique determines the elements controlling shale productivity, including the production index, gas saturation, clay content, porosity, total organic carbon, brittleness index, and brittle mineral content as input parameters in decreasing order. Based on the MLR prediction model, the expected 12-month shale gas production per stage corresponds well with the actual value. This strategy can guide the future selection of horizontal well drilling sites and lead to the efficient and profitable development of shale resources.
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Webster, Dillon. "Written into Existence: Publications and the Perceived Narratives of Gregory Burgess’s Architecture." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a3991p9ifg.
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This research contributes to the influential work of Melbourne-based Architect, Gregory Burgess. Awarded the RAIA Gold Medal in 2004, Burgess is best known for celebrating human values through design and for his spiritual methodologies, organic aesthetic, and work with Indigenous landowners. While Burgess has initiated very little writing, his work has been the focus of numerous articles published within a variety of journals, newsletters, magazines, and books including those from the construction industry which are often overlooked in journalistic reviews. This paper investigates discussions of architecture in publications through lenses such as intended audiences and physical medium, which consequentially develop narratives and form perceived relationships between an architectural project, an architect, and reader. Conducted as archival research within Gregory Burgess’s anthology of saved publications, the examination and cataloguing of over 230 publications that mention him and his work date from 1979-2013. The breadth of the collection provides publications which range from local timber fabrication companies to Russian journals reviewing organic architecture, the majority in which the architect and the work was discussed without consultation from the design team. As a robust collection was maintained by the architect himself, general issues of discovering and accessing publications including those which fall within the digital dark age can be accessed and provide a fuller historical perception of the built work. The discussions of and narratives formed within this literature portray Burgess and his work in conscientious manners through the written word targeted for specific audiences: the construction industry, the trained architect, and members of the general public. Often, rather than contributing to architectural journalism or critique in a meaningful way, prominent projects and their broader themes become a vehicle for the author to promote their own voice and ideas. The findings argue that the different relationships an author has experiencing an architectural space demonstrates a broader picture of the architectural industry and the ways that historical publications can generate a perception of a designer and their designs.
Reports on the topic "Generative organs Examination"
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Kapulnik, Yoram, Maria J. Harrison, Hinanit Koltai, and Joseph Hershenhorn. Targeting of Strigolacatones Associated Pathways for Conferring Orobanche Resistant Traits in Tomato and Medicago. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7593399.bard.
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This proposal is focused on examination of two plant interactions: parasitic with Orobanche, and symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF), and the involvement of a newly define plant hormones, strigolactones (SLs), in these plant interactions. In addition to strigolactones role in regulation of above-ground plant architecture, they are also known to be secreted from roots, and to be a signal for seed germination of the parasitic plants Orobanche. Moreover, secreted strigolactones were recognized as inducers of AMFhyphae branching. The present work was aimed at Generation of RNAi mutants of both tomato and Medicago, targeting multiple genes that may be involved in strigolactone production, carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, Pi signaling or other metabolic pathways, and hence affect AMF colonization and/or Orobanche resistance. Following the newly formed and existing RNAi mutants were examined for AMF colonization and Orobanche resistance. At the first phase of this project Orobanche seed germination assays and AMF colonization were examined in intact plants. These assays were shown to be effective and resulted with enhancement of Orobanche seed germination and AMF colonization in WT tomato plants, whereas roots of strigolactones impaired lines did not result with Orobanche seed germination and mycorrhiza colonization. Unexpectedly, root organ cultures (ROC) that were produced from the same wild type (WT) and mutant lines did not induce the Orobanche seed germination and AMFhyphal branching. This implies that under in vitro conditions ROC cultures are missing an important component for induction of Orobanche seed germination and AMFhyphal branching. In another line of experiments we have tested transgenic lines of Medicagotruncatula for AMFhuyphal branching and Orobanche seed germination assays. These lines included lines silenced for a GRAS transcription factor (RNAi 1845), an NBS-LRR type resistance gene (RNAi 1847), a kinase (RNAi 2403) and a protein of unknown function (RNAi 2417). In all cases, five independent transgenic root lines showed altered AMFphenotypes with reduced or aberrant colonization patterns. Following, we transformed tomato plants with the M. truncatulaTC 127050 PhosphoinositidekinaseRNAi construct. Transgenic lines that contained GUS constructs were used as control. All transgenic lines showed reduced level of Orobanche seed germination, masking any strigoalctones-specific effect. The research demonstrated that SLs production may not be examined in ROC –based bioassays. It was shown by the 3 independent assays employed in this project that none of the recognized characters of SLs may be reflected in these bioassays. However, when the whole plant root exudates were examined, SLs activity in root exudates was demonstrated. Hence, it can be concluded that the presence of an intact shoot, and possibly, shoot factors, may be necessary for production of SLs in roots. Another point of interest that rises from these results is that the presence of SLs is not necessary for AMF completion of life cycle. Hence, it may be concluded that SLs are important for AMFhyphal branching, before symbiosis, but not essential for AMF colonization and life cycle completion under ROC system conditions.