Academic literature on the topic 'Générateur haute tension nanoseconde'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Générateur haute tension nanoseconde"
Moreau, Nicolas. "Decharge nanoseconde dans l'air et en melange air / propane. Application au declenchement de combustion." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00633260.
Full textDelorme, Rodolphe. "Applications des décharges de type streamer nanoseconde aux domaines de la combustion et de la spectroscopie." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUES007.
Full textThis thesis work concerns the application of high-voltage discharges, having rise time about the nanosecond, in fields in full expansion nowadays. This study is articulated around two large research orientations which are combustion and spectroscopy. The first of the potential applications in the field of combustion, the ignition of a combustible mixture in configuration point-to-crown, enabled us to validate this technique of ignition and to compare it with a traditional ignition by spark. This type of ignition makes it possible to initiate the combustion of a stoechiometric propane-air mixture, at ambient temperature, for pressures ranging between 1 and 7 bars. The second application relates to the stabilization of turbulent lifted flame at exit of injector, by a discharge sheet in wire-wire configuration with dielectric barrier. This process allows, for a height of stabilization given, to increase the flowing speed of almost 80%. The electric power injected into the streamer discharges corresponds to 1/1000th of the flame energy. The current technical limitation of this type of stabilization is at the level of the discharges repetition rate (< 300 Hz). In the field of spectroscopy, the application of streamer discharges, in wire-wire configuration with dielectric barrier, in a Argon-Hydrogen mixture, makes it possible to generate an emission between 185 and 350 nm due to the dissociative transition from H2 (a3S+g-->b3S+u). The addition of a buffer gas, Helium, makes it possible to increase by 50% the source efficiency
Degnon, Mawuena. "Étude des commutateurs semi-conducteurs à ouverture destinés à des applications de puissance pulsée avec des tensions de sortie allant jusqu'à 500 kV." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04685830.
Full textIn pulsed power systems, inductive energy storage has an advantage over capacitive storage because of its higher energy density. Exploiting this advantage requires the use of an opening switch to generate the voltage pulse. Moreover, the growing need for reliable pulsed power generators, particularly for industrial applications, strongly supports the adoption of solid-state solutions. The Semiconductor Opening Switch (SOS) diode developed in the 1990s at the Institute of Electrophysics in Russia is an ideal candidate for solid-state opening switching because of its ability to reliably generate high-power pulses at high repetition rates while offering long lifetime and maintenance-free operation. However, the lack of SOS diode manufacturers prevents their widespread use. This thesis is therefore devoted to the study of off-the-shelf (OTS) diodes capable of rapidly switching high currents and generating nanosecond voltages of up to 500 kV. The research includes the investigation of various diode types including rectifier, avalanche, fast recovery, and transient voltage suppression (TVS) diodes as opening switches in comparison with state-of-the-art SOS diodes. Low, medium, and high-energy (25 mJ, 10 J, and 40 J respectively) test benches are developed for the experiments. Their circuits use a single magnetic element – a saturable pulse transformer – resulting in high energy efficiency. Several nanocrystalline cores are examined for optimum transformer performance at an energy of 10 J. Among the diodes investigated at 25 mJ and 10 J energy, the TVS and rectifying diodes stand out particularly promising with nanosecond switching time and generated voltages in the kilovolt range. Finally, a 40 J pulsed power generator prototype (GO-SSOS) based on an OTS opening switch consisting of rectifier diodes is developed. The GO-SSOS achieves a peak power of more than 300 MW with an energy efficiency ranging from 35% to 70% depending on the load value. Across a 1 kΩ load, the voltage pulse generated reaches 500 kV amplitude with a rise time of 36 ns and a pulse width of 80 ns. The system shows high reproducibility at a repetition rate of 60 Hz and is used to demonstrate a corona discharge application. The work proves the reliability of the OTS diodes in SOS mode, revealing no degradation after thousands of pulses. It also offers the prospect of using this technology in industrial applications such as electron-beam sterilization
BAC, Jérôme. "Contribution à l'étude et à la réalisation de commutateurs et de générateurs haute tension transitoires." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009770.
Full textPECASTAING, Laurent. "Conception et réalisation d'un système de génération d'impulsions haute tension ultra brèves Application aux radars larges bandes." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010696.
Full textDobbelaar, Martinus. "Conception et réalisation de systèmes d’exposition plasma nanoseconde pour des applications biomédicales." Thesis, Pau, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3040/document.
Full textCold plasmas in atmospheric pressure air have been used in many different applications in the past few years. Because of its high chemical reactivity, cold plasma treatment appears to be a promising solution for biomedical applications. In this context the study and realization of nanosecond plasma exposure devices for biomedical applications are presented :• the first exposure device generates DBD (Dielectric Barrier Discharge) on a nanosecond time scale (ns-DBD). The biological sample acts as an electrode. The discharges develops in the air gap be- tween the dielectric layer and the biological sample.• The second exposure device generates surface DBD on a nanosecond time scale (ns- SDBD). The discharge develops along the dielectric layer surface close to an active electrode. During plasma exposure, the biological sample faces the discharge device. By contrast to the DBD configuration, the discharge is not in direct contact with the surface of the solution.Both exposure devices are designed in a same way,. the dimensions allow plasma treatment of biological sample contained in a standard Petri dish. The biological targets are cancer cells in a liquid culture medium. The work is mainly experimental. It focuses on the electrical characterization of discharges. The plasma is created using short (10-14 ns of FWHM) high-voltage (up to 4 or 11 kV) pulses of fast rise times (2-5 ns depending on the pulse generator). In the ns-DBD configuration the energy deposited into plasma per pulse is in the order of millijoule. In the ns-SDBD configuration, we calculated the energy deposited into plasma per pulse in a range of tens of μJ. A preliminary study on treatment of biological samples by ns-SDBD plasma is performed. The glioblastoma cells viability was presented as a function of the energy deposited into plasma per pulse. According to this preliminary result the ns-SDBD plasma has an influence on the viability of the cells in the given conditions
Brisset, Alexandra. "Physique des décharges nanosecondes diffuses générées sous champs électriques extrêmes." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS456.
Full textNon-thermal high-pressure plasmas are extensively studied to understand in detail the development mechanisms of the discharges that create them and the kinetic processes induced. They activate a specific non-equilibrium chemistry that is very interesting for many applications. High concentrations of highly reactive species are thus generated with a relatively low energy consumption. At atmospheric pressure, the discharge is generally filamentary and unstable. In recent years, studies have identified new types of stable and diffuse discharges, in the sense of the spatial extension which can extend over centimetre scales. These discharges are very interesting because they combine both a large plasma volume and very high electric fields. However, the physics of these discharges is not well known.The work carried out in this thesis will addressfirst of all, physical mechanisms of triggering of the discharge. Different discharge regimes will be presented through rapid imaging measurements and the study of electrical signals. In particular, they will determine the influence of voltage on propagation rates and light intensity profiles. We will then measure the spatial and temporal distribution of the electric field and study its specificities. Then we will study how the injected energy contributes to the chemical reactivity of the discharge. In particular, the temperature and absolute densities of the majority of reactive species (O, O3, N2(B,C)) are measured. Finally, we will look at the mechanisms of energetic relaxation in post-discharge. Many diagnostics, often complementary, will make it possible to link the succession of physico-chemical processes during the temporal development of the discharge from its initiation to its complete relaxation
Cadilhon, Baptiste. "Etude et réalisation d'un ensemble autonome d'émission d'ondes électromagnétiques de forte puissance." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00424802.
Full textSouakri, Sonia. "Optimisation des performances d'un procédé industriel d'électrofiltration alimenté par hautes puissances pulsées." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3028/document.
Full textThe fight against air pollution is a major issue in the twenty-first century. The center of Marcouleof CEA develops different waste treatment processes by incineration / vitrification that generatecombustion gases requiring treatment. To do this, the CEA uses the electrostatic precipitation, atechnical waste gas treatment employed for thin particles filtration.This thesis is dedicated to optimizing the performance of an electrofilter supplied by high pulsedpowered. One of the goals is to size and achieve a new emissive electrode adapted to thedevelopment of a new incineration process. This new electrode coupled to its High Voltage (HV)power supply, which electrical parameters were optimized, allowed to obtain maximum filtrationefficiency during operating times in line with industrial applications. The impact of thephysicochemical characteristics of dusts on the filtration efficiency was analyzed.A specific study also focused on the evolution of different discharge conditions that develop inthe electrofilter to identify the phenomena responsible for the process efficiency fall. The intake ofthe emissive electrode and a hybrid generator, combining a continuous background voltagesuperimposed with impulses, has clearly been demonstrated by their effects on back coronainitiation and therefore on the optimal efficiency operation duration
Chazottes-Leconte, Aurélien. "Conception et fabrication d'un dispositif de mise en compression par impulsions électro magnétiques (EMP)." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1082.
Full textPenning processes are widely used in industries to apply compressive residual stresses into the most solicited part of mechanical pieces. In that way, the compressive residual stresses limit the priming and the propagation of micro-cracks in the material. This increases significantly the lifespan of the treated mechanical piece under fatigue stresses. These existing peening processes have proved their efficiency and also their limitations and weaknesses. The main recurrent defaults are a shallow depth of treatment, a degradation of the surface condition, a random control of the treatment, a material contamination, etc. These problems have led towards the development of news innovative peening processes which allow better performance avoiding some previous defaults briefly evoked. Among these news processes, the electromagnetic peening process seems especially interesting. This process uses high energy electromagnetic fields to induce Lorentz forces into a metallic piece and thus residual stresses. Actually, there is not much information about this process in the literature and no prototype was ever built. The work of this thesis is dedicated to development and realization of an electromagnetic peening prototype. The first chapter of this thesis adresses the state of the art of major peening processes actually in industrial use. Next, the electromagnetic peening process, or EMP process, is described and the electrical needs are exposed. A second state of the art is made about the technological solutions to respond to the EMP needs. The second chapter is about the conception of the EMP prototype with the electrical structure adopted in the previous chapter. The first step is about the inductor sizing to generate an electromagnetic field sufficient enough for a peening application. Next, the storage system is designed depending on the inductor parameters and finally the closing switch is created considering the electrical parameters used for the EMP process. To validate the previous results, a 3D electromagnetic simulation is done. The prototype assembly is presented in the third chapter and also the first experimental test on the EMP prototype. To begin with, an aluminium alloy with low yield strength is selected to be treated. Two different samples forms are used, a thin one, to realize a similar test to the Almen test and thick one to check the EMP depth of treatment. A 3D multiphysics simulation of these experiments is made and these numeric results are next correlated to the experimental ones. In the fourth chapter, an exploratory study is realized on the effects of the residual stresses on magnetic properties of ferromagnetic material, the mumetal