Relevant bibliographies by topics / General trading companies

Academic literature on the topic 'General trading companies'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "General trading companies"

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MATSUSHITA, YOSHIHIRO. "Transition of Trading Companies, Part 2: Textile Business of General Trading Companies." Sen'i Gakkaishi 77, no. 3 (March 15, 2021): P—130—P—141. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.77.p-130.

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Leonard, Charles. "HE Trading Companies." Industry and Higher Education 6, no. 3 (September 1992): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229200600305.

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The general and legislative background to HE trading companies in the UK is outlined. The optimum company structure is described and the advantages to the host institution and the customer are detailed. The article also touches on some of the tax issues raised by HE trading companies.
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Alt, Lutz. "Business History of General Trading Companies." Journal of International Business Studies 19, no. 2 (June 1988): 312–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jibs.1988.30.

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Ōshima, Hisayuki. "General Trading Companies in the Interwar Period." Japanese Research in Business History 30 (2013): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5029/jrbh.30.49.

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Maruyama, Magoroh. "Logic of the Japanese general trading companies." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 34, no. 3 (November 1988): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1625(88)90073-x.

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SUZUKI, Toshio. "The Overseas Branch Activities of General Trading Companies." Japanese Yearbook on Business History 17 (2001): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5029/jrbh1984.17.3.

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Jung, Jae-Hwan, Soo-Hyun Sung, So-Young Lim, and Hyun-Boc Lee. "The Risk Management System of Japanese General Trading Companies." Asian Trade Risk Management 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22142/atrm.2016.1.1.77.

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Markowicz, Iwona. "Modeling the Survival Time of Trading Companies in the Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica 4, no. 337 (September 20, 2018): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6018.337.06.

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The aim of this study was to construct models of trading companies’ lifespan, in individual districts of Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship. The author verified whether the impact of the survival time of trading companies on the survival function in general is the same in individual districts. This may inform potential entrepreneurs’ decisions on whether to set up a trading or other company. The Kaplan‑Meier estimator was calculated and a tests verifying similarities of functions of trading companies within the districts was used. Districts were then divided into groups, according to trading companies’ lifespan. Further on, the functions of the intensity of companies’ liquidation for particular districts were analysed. The rankings of districts were compared in terms of the lifespan of trading companies and businesses in total. In the study, the author used REGON registry, containing data about companies established in Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship in 2009–2011. These entities were observed until the end of 2013. It is something to be considered by both decision makers and entrepreneurs, that the probability of liquidation of a trading company is greater than of any other company. Trading activity is prevailing (the highest percentage of all newly established companies are trading companies), however, trading companies are also most in danger of liquidation.
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Morkunas, Mangirdas, Gintaras Cernius, and Gintare Giriuniene. "Assessing Business Risks of Natural Gas Trading Companies: Evidence from GET Baltic." Energies 12, no. 14 (July 10, 2019): 2647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12142647.

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The aim of this research is to distinguish business risks that affect natural gas trading companies operating in the liberalized natural gas market and to assess them according to the potential impact on the aforementioned gas trading companies. To achieve this, a study of international scientific literature and empirical research was conducted, as well as the methods of expert survey, Analytical Hierarchy Process with different measurement scales and logical investigation. The research of the business risks of natural gas trading companies reflected that natural gas trading companies in the liberalized market distinguish in significantly different business risks’ portfolios from those that operate under monopoly conditions. It was also found that it is difficult to evaluate the business risks’ importance for the natural gas trading companies acting in liberalized markets because they characterize in a hierarchical structure, which means that they are prone to cascading effects.
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Němeček, Jana. "Customer relationship management influence on sales of selected companies." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 2 (2012): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260020231.

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General awareness of information technology and business strategy Customer Relationship Management (CRM) among managers in the Czech Republic is for several years, but in comparison with Western states of the European Union the Czech companies are underdeveloped. Apparently also because of the economic crisis is CRM in the Czech Republic begins to be used more. The main goal of implementing CRM is to help to company increase the quality of relationship and communication with customers. In this article are the most common definitions of CRM.The main content of this article is about the analysing and comparing of Trading Income of selected companies doing business in the Czech Republic. There are compared selected companies with implemented information technology and business strategy CRM with companies without implemented CRM and how it could have an impact to the Trading Income of these selected companies. Has CRM implementation helped to increase the positive Trading Income during the economic crisis? Included is an analysis of Trading Income from 2007 to 2010 for selected companies grouped by number of employees. The conclusion summarizes the analysis of results and assumptions and benefits of CRM.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "General trading companies"

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Balabanis, George. "The development of European Trading Companies along the general trading company model and antecedents of their export performance." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.642936.

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Jun, In Woo. "The Strategic Management of Korean and Japanese Big Business Groups : A Comparison Study between Korean General Trading Companies and Japanese Sogo Shoshas." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/258/.

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This research is an in-depth study of Korean GTCs (General Trading Companies) and Japanese Sogo Shoshas (the Japanese version of General Trading Companies), which are unique big business conglomerates but not well-known in Western countries. It investigates several of their features, such as their history, characteristics, major functions, strategic management, organisational structure, corporate culture, decision-making process, human resource management, and their impact on national economic development. The main purpose of this research into the above features is to examine the strategic management of the Korean GTCs and Japanese Sogo Shoshas by analysing the relationships between the business environment, competitive strategy, organisational structure, and performance. As a second purpose, this study examined the decision-making process within Korean GTCs and Japanese Sogo Shoshas, since a firm’s success in strategic management may depend highly on its decision-making.
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Fernández, Cárdenas Alfonso, and Camargo Ronal Mike Sinche. "El Régimen de las Percepciones del Impuesto General a las Ventas y su Impacto en la liquidez de las empresas importadoras del sector comercial en ventas al por mayor en el Cercado de Lima, año 2018." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653418.

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La actual tesis de investigación posee como propósito, el de precisar los efectos del Sistema de Régimen de Percepciones del Impuesto General a las ventas aplicado a la importación en las Empresas importadoras del sector comercial al por mayor en el Cercado de Lima, año 2018, para ello se estudiaron las variables del Régimen de Percepciones y su impacto financiero, a través de dimensiones como: ámbito de aplicación, oportunidad de la Percepción, Métodos de determinación, estados financieros, y liquidez. El cometido del estudio está repartido en cinco capítulos. El capítulo I Marco Teórico expone diferentes definiciones y fuentes primarias de información acerca del Régimen de Percepciones del IGV (Pago anticipado del Impuesto General a las Ventas) para desarrollar la investigación. El capítulo II comprende el plan de investigación, aquí se expone la situación problemática de la tesis, tanto como el problema principal, problemas específicos, objetivo general, objetivos específicos, hipótesis general, e hipótesis específicas. El capítulo III detalla la Metodología de investigación, donde se define la población, la muestra para la investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa. El Capítulo IV Desarrollo de Investigación explica el proceso de Investigación realizada a mediante las entrevistas a profundidad, cuestionarios y la ejecución del caso práctico correspondiente. El Capítulo V Análisis de la investigación presenta el estudio de los resultados de las entrevistas, encuestas y el caso práctico desarrollado. Se finaliza con la hipótesis general que el Régimen de Percepciones del IGV aplicado a la importación si impacta en la liquidez de las empresas comerciales importadoras, además, las hipótesis específicas planteadas del Régimen de Percepciones del IGV aplicado a la importación demuestran que si impacta en la liquidez utilizando la metodología del Chi Cuadrado. Así mismo, se realizan las conclusiones y recomendaciones en base a los objetivos e hipótesis planteadas.
The current research thesis has the purpose of specifying the effects of the System of Perceptions of the General Sales Tax applied to imports in importing companies of the wholesale trade sector in Cercado de Lima, 2018, for Therefore, the variables of the Regime of Perceptions and their Financial impact was studied, through dimensions such as: scope, perception time, determination methods, financial statements and liquidity.  The mission of the study is divided into five chapters. Chapter I Theoretical Framework sets out different definitions and primary sources of information about the IGV (Advance Payment of General Sales Tax) Perceptions Scheme to develop the research. Chapter II includes the research plan, here the problematic situation of the thesis is exposed, as well as the main problem, specific problems, general objective, specific objectives, general hypothesis, and specific hypotheses. Chapter III details the Research Methodology, where the population is defined, the sample for qualitative and quantitative research. Chapter IV Research Development explains the Research process carried out through in-depth interviews, questionnaires and the execution of the corresponding practical case. Chapter V Research Analysis presents the study of the results of the interviews, surveys and the developed case study.  It ends with the general hypothesis that the IGV Perceptions Regime applied to imports does impact the liquidity of importing commercial companies, in addition, the specific hypotheses raised by the IGV Perceptions Regime applied to imports demonstrate that if it impacts the liquidity using the Chi Square methodology. Likewise, conclusions and recommendations are made based on the objectives and hypotheses raised.
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Laranjeira, Rodrigo de Almeida. "Le gouvernement d’entreprise en droit européen et brésilien comparé." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Juristische Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17596.

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Corporate Governance hat einen radikalen Wandel in Europa seit den 1990er Jahren durchgemacht. Der Wandel ist konsolidiert und ist nun Teil des Rechts der modernen Aktiengesellschaften. Brasilianisches Recht wird immer durch die europäische Gesetzgebung inspiriert. Unsere Studie fragt, aus einer vergleichenden Sicht, ob sich das brasilianische Unternehmensrecht auf die europäische Corporate Governance bezieht. Wir konzentrieren uns in Europa auf das deutsche Recht, das englische Recht, das französische Recht und das europäische Recht. Unsere Analyse geht über die Herzen der Unternehmensführung und umfasst Teile, die dem Kapitalmarkt- und dem Umweltrecht angehören, da sie selbstverständlich auch eine Verbindung mit der Corporate Governance und dem Aktienrecht haben. Das Verständnis des Kerns der Unternehmensführung, welcher die Organisation der Verwaltungsorgane der börsennotierten Aktiengesellschaft ist, hängt von der Analyse der rechtlichen Behandlung von Neben-Themen, die aber verwandt sind, ab, wie die Regeln über die Haftung.
Corporate governance has undergone a radical change in Europe since the 1990s. Change has now consolidated and is part of the company law. Brazilian law has always been inspired by European legislation. Our study asks, from a comparative perspective, if the Brazilian corporate law relates to the European corporate governance. In Europe, we focus on German law, English law, French law and Community law. Our analysis goes beyond the heart of corporate governance and includes parts of capital markets law and environmental law, because they obviously also have a connection with corporate governance and company law. The understanding of the core of corporate governance, which is the organization of administrative bodies of the listed company on a regulated market, depends on the analysis of the legal treatment of incidental subjects, but related, as the regime of liability.
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Chung, Giyoung. "The Korean General Trading Companies analysis of process, performance and prospect /." 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34668665.html.

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Chiu, Ming-Chiang, and 邱明強. "The Investment of Japanese General Trading Companies and Small- Medium Enterprises in Taiwan." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06814235298045386542.

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Books on the topic "General trading companies"

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The general trading company: Concept and strategy. Lexington, Mass: Lexington Books, 1987.

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Sōgō shōsha no rekishi: A history of general trading companies. Nishinomiya-shi: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku Shuppankai, 2011.

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Neil, Fiske, and Butman John, eds. Trading up: Why consumers want new luxury goods--and how companies create them. New York: Portfolio, 2005.

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Goods from the East, 1600-1800: Trading Eurasia. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.

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Jones, Geoffrey. Merchants to multinationals: British trading companies in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

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1931-, Yonekawa Shinʼichi, and Yoshihara Hideki 1941-, eds. Business history of general trading companies: The International Conference on Business History 13 : proceedings of the Fuji Conference. [Tokyo]: University of Tokyo Press, 1987.

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Auditor-General, India Comptroller and. Performance audit of Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA): Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India for the year ended March 2008. New Delhi: Comptroller and Auditor General of India, 2009.

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1931-, Yonekawa Shinʼichi, ed. General trading companies: A comparative and historical study. Tokyo, Japan: United Nations University Press, 1990.

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Ai Bi Ai, Kabushiki Kaisha., ed. Japan's general trading companies: Turnaround in corporate performance. Tokyo: International Business Information, 1988.

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Yonekawa, Shinichi. General Trading Companies: A Comparative and Historical Study / Sales No E.90.Iii.A.8 (Technology Transfer, Transformation, and Development). United Nations University Press, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "General trading companies"

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Dicle, I. Atilla, and Ulku Dicle. "The Role of the Japanese General Trading Companies (Sogo Shosha) in Globalization of Business." In Proceedings of the 1990 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 140–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13254-9_27.

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Kao, Richard H. F., and Moonsong David Oh. "The Development of General Trading Companies For Export Promotion in Developing Countries: The Cases of Korea and Taiwan." In Proceedings of the 1985 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 74–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16943-9_15.

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"7. The General Trading Companies." In Textiles and Industrial Transition in Japan, 148–69. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501744655-010.

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"Japanese general trading companies and ‘free-standing’ FDI after 1960." In The Multinational Traders, 197–214. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203450703-16.

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"Is efficiency compatible with history?: Evidence from Japanese general trading companies." In The Multinational Traders, 215–26. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203450703-17.

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"The Global Innovations of Japanese General Trading Companies: The Case of Mitsubishi Corporation." In Knowledge Integration Dynamics, 251–81. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814317900_0008.

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Yue, Haoran, Jingwen Xu, Jingmai Wang, Dilang Wu, and Baozhuang Niu. "A General Introduction and Overview of Supply Chain Finance." In Green Finance for Sustainable Global Growth, 1–29. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7808-6.ch001.

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Supply chain finance (SCF) is a new finance service mode surrounding the core enterprises in the supply chain. Different from the traditional finance service, SCF focuses on the trading process rather than the bank credit. Depending on the large trading data and process gathered by core enterprises, SCF is able to effectively integrate the flows of information, logistics, and funds, which transforms the numerous risks of many single enterprises into the controllable risks of the entire supply chain. Therefore, SCF is capable of providing comprehensive finance service regardless of companies' size with the minimum risk level, especially for the small and medium-sized enterprises which have difficulties in receiving finance service from traditional finance institutions. The emergence of SCF has established an accessible channel to help small and medium-sized enterprises obtain effective finance service. In this chapter, the authors introduce the definition, features, structures, and other basic information of SCF. The authors then examine the different types of SCF.
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Singha, Dipayan, Megnath Routh, and Amit Majumdar. "An Empirical Study on Green Initiatives by S&P BSE SENSEX Companies in India at the Outlet of Companies Act, 2013." In Handbook of Research on Economic and Political Implications of Green Trading and Energy Use, 280–92. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8547-3.ch016.

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Considering the necessity to build up corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities in general and sustainability in particular under statutory obligations, Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India had notified in Companies Act 2013 (section 135) that every public limited company and private limited company having net worth of more than 500 crore or turnover more than 1000 crore or net profit more than 5 crore needs to comply with CSR rules (i.e., contributing 2% or more for the welfare of society following the prescribed guidelines under Schedule VII). The chapter focuses on CSR activities of companies registered under BSE SENSEX and evaluating their current status in CSR activities from the perspective of the broad heading of planet and people. A detailed analysis is done to highlight the current situation of the companies towards sustainable development through corporate sustainability index and statistical tools like Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test to represent the contributions of these companies towards the environmental responsibilities. The study of CSR reveals the endeavors of surveyed companies towards the holistic development covering the noteworthy issue of environmental protection and sustainability; however, a continuous vigil from the regulatory bodies is the need of the hour to ensure that adherence to CSR practices should not only be in mere form but in true spirits.
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Griffiths, Mark. "Internet Abuse and Addiction in the Workplace." In Personal Web Usage in the Workplace, 230–45. IGI Global, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-148-3.ch012.

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The Internet as a communication medium has become an increasing part of many people’s day-to-day working lives. As with the introduction of other mass communication technologies, issues surrounding use, abuse, and addiction have surfaced. For instance, according to a recent report carried out by the company SurfControl (Snoddy, 2000), office workers who while away one hour a day at work on various non-work activities (e.g., trading shares, booking holidays, shopping online, etc.) could be costing businesses as much as $35 million a year. The survey found that 59% of office Internet use was not work related and that those who traded in shares, played sports, shopped, and booked holidays cost companies the most. It is clear from research such as this that Internet abuse is a serious cause for concern — particularly to employers. This chapter has a number of objectives. It will first introduce readers to the concept of Internet addiction, before going on to look at the wider issue of Internet abuse in the workplace. Generic types of Internet abuse will be described, in addition to further examination of the reasons why Internet abuse occurs. The chapter ends with an overview of three very specific types of Internet abuse (i.e., online pornography, sexually related Internet crime, and online gambling), that will be of concern to employers, before concluding with some guidelines and recommendations for employers and human resources departments.
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"Selborne, in the passage extracted above, feels that the opposite rule would be an improvement in the law, and Lord Blackburn stated that (at p 622) ‘all men of business ... every day recognise and act on the ground that prompt payment of part of their demand may be more beneficial to them than it would be to insist on their rights and enforce payment of the whole’. Nevertheless it still appears to represent the general position at common law (albeit with a number of important exceptions). It has recently been stated to be unaffected by the decision in Williams v Roffey. In Re Selectmove Ltd, the company owed substantial amounts of tax (PAYE) to the Inland Revenue. A director of the company met a Mr Polland, a collector of taxes, to explain the company’s trading position. It was proposed to Polland that the company should pay off amounts of past tax due in instalments of £1,000 per month and should make prompt payment of all future amounts due. Polland was prepared to recommend the proposal to his superiors given the continuing support offered to the company by its bankers. In the event the company heard nothing from the Revenue. More than likely the rules on (non) acceptance by silence (see Chapter 2) and the lack of any obvious authority by Polland to give any formal undertaking binding the Revenue were enough to decide the case. However, one of the other issues raised was whether there was in any event consideration for the promise to accept payment of the arrears by instalments. The Court of Appeal found itself bound by the decision in Foakes v Beer and was unable to apply the decision in Williams v Roffey in favour of the company: Re Selectmove Ltd [1995] 1 WLR 474 CA, p 479." In Sourcebook on Contract Law, 188–90. Routledge-Cavendish, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843141518-69.

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Conference papers on the topic "General trading companies"

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Clare, Alan. "Selecting a suitable Ballast Water Treatment System for a small general cargo vessel." In IMarEST Ballast Water Technology Conference. IMarEST, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/bwtc6.2017.007.

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The main questions which will be addressed in this paper are; which ballast water treatment system (BWTS) should be fitted to a fleet of small general cargo ships that are trading in Northern Europe, including the Baltic Sea, and how will the implementation of the Ballast Water Management Convention (BWMC, herewith “the Convention”) will affect the engine room crew? There is a large capital cost in the purchasing and fitting of such a system, and as the vessels in question have some special requirements, such as operating in very cold weather and having small engine rooms, the correct system must be chosen. As the small engine room crew, consisting of a chief engineer and an oiler, must be able to operate, maintain and repair the system, the chosen system will impact on their working life while onboard these vessels. To answer the research questions, all the chief engineers employed by the Company and a number of shore superintendents from other shipping companies, involved in the management of small general cargo ships were surveyed using questionnaires. Their responses were then analysed and conclusions drawn from this analysis. The criteria required to choose a ballast water treatment system was narrowed down during the research, and then used to find the most suitable system for the company vessels. A small number of systems currently in production from well-known manufacturers were evaluated during this process. Following evaluation of the systems using the responses from the respondents, the most suitable system for the company vessels was identified and chosen. The need for training was also identified to successfully operate and maintain the system, and to reduce any additional stress that may be experienced by the crew due to the BWMC. The research also contains a review of the BWMC, and a comparison with measures brought in by the United States Coast Guard (USCG), which include the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens, (HAOP) by merchant vessels from area to area by other methods that are ignored by the BWMC. It also considers the long-term health effects on the crew and marine ecosystem from treated ballast water using some types of treatment systems. The report of the survey provides scope for a more informed decision making process when choosing a BWTS for a small general cargo vessel. However, in addition, the process can be applied to any type of vessel as many of the issues encountered will be the same regardless of size and trading pattern.
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