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Journal articles on the topic 'General surgery – ethics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Wall, Anji, Peter Angelos, Douglas Brown, Ira J. Kodner, and Jason D. Keune. "Ethics in Surgery." Current Problems in Surgery 50, no. 3 (March 2013): 99–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/j.cpsurg.2012.11.004.

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&NA;. "Ethics and Craniofacial Surgery." Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 11, no. 1 (January 2000): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001665-200011010-00002.

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Kwak, Christine B. "Practical Ethics: A Medical Student’s Ethical Case in Surgery Clerkship." Journal of Clinical Ethics 34, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 282–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/726810.

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Gligorov, Nada, Pippa Newell, Jason Altilio, Mike Collins, Amanda Favia, Leah Rosenberg, and Rosamond Rhodes. "Dilemmas in Surgery: Medical Ethics Education in Surgery Rotation." Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine: A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine 76, no. 3 (May 6, 2009): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/msj.20110.

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Baldi, Djullian, and Giovana Elisa Rosa Galiassi. "GENERAL SURGERY IN PALLIATIVE PATIENTS: CHALLENGES, ETHICS AND QUALITY OF LIFE." International Journal of Health Science 3, no. 102 (December 18, 2023): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.159310223151210.

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Meyers, Arlen D. "Facial Plastic Surgery Web Site Ethics." Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archfacial.qep00001.58.

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Malik, Anita, and Usha Saha. "Ethics in Neonatal Anesthesia – A Tender Perioperative Care." Journal of Neonatal Critical Care and Anesthesia 1 (March 15, 2024): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jncca_7_2023.

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Medical ethics, a set of norms and values applied to the behavior of medical care personnel, has been evolving along with the scientific and technical development in the field of neonatology, surgery, and anesthesia. Regarding the anesthetic management of a neonate, an anesthesiologist is always in an ethical dilemma. On one side, anesthesia is a necessity for surgery, and on the other hand, knowing that these interventions may have untoward or adverse effects. Autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice are the four basic principles of medical ethics, which are used in harmony with each other without any order of succession and along with virtues of compassion, integrity, honesty, truthfulness, and fairness provides an ethical decision-making framework for a tender perioperative care. Professionalism in the operating room and anesthesiologist – surgeon relationship is an integral part of the ethical concerns in neonatal anesthesia.

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Hanlon, C. Rollins. "Surgical ethics." American Journal of Surgery 187, no. 1 (January 2004): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2003.09.007.

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Twomey, John G. "The Ethics of In Utero Fetal Surgery." Nursing Clinics of North America 24, no. 4 (December 1989): 1025–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-6465(22)01562-6.

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Dwarswaard, J., M. Hilhorst, and M. Trappenburg. "The robustness of medical professional ethics when times are changing: a comparative study of general practitioner ethics and surgery ethics in The Netherlands." Journal of Medical Ethics 35, no. 10 (September 30, 2009): 621–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.2009.029892.

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Krause, Cassandra C., Reed F. Krause, Mark E. Reeves, and Jukes P. Namm. "Evaluation of Didactic and Case-Based Surgical Ethics Curriculum for General Surgery Residents." Journal of the American College of Surgeons 227, no. 4 (October 2018): S90—S91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2018.07.180.

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Lam, Kyle, Fahad M. Iqbal, Sanjay Purkayastha, and James M. Kinross. "Investigating the Ethical and Data Governance Issues of Artificial Intelligence in Surgery: Protocol for a Delphi Study." JMIR Research Protocols 10, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): e26552. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26552.

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Background The rapid uptake of digital technology into the operating room has the potential to improve patient outcomes, increase efficiency of the use of operating rooms, and allow surgeons to progress quickly up learning curves. These technologies are, however, dependent on huge amounts of data, and the consequences of their mismanagement are significant. While the field of artificial intelligence ethics is able to provide a broad framework for those designing and implementing these technologies into the operating room, there is a need to determine and address the ethical and data governance challenges of using digital technology in this unique environment. Objective The objectives of this study are to define the term digital surgery and gain expert consensus on the key ethical and data governance issues, barriers, and future research goals of the use of artificial intelligence in surgery. Methods Experts from the fields of surgery, ethics and law, policy, artificial intelligence, and industry will be invited to participate in a 4-round consensus Delphi exercise. In the first round, participants will supply free-text responses across 4 key domains: ethics, data governance, barriers, and future research goals. They will also be asked to provide their understanding of the term digital surgery. In subsequent rounds, statements will be grouped, and participants will be asked to rate the importance of each issue on a 9-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all important) to 9 (critically important). Consensus is defined a priori as a score of 7 to 9 by 70% of respondents and 1 to 3 by less than 30% of respondents. A final online meeting round will be held to discuss inclusion of statements and draft a consensus document. Results Full ethical approval has been obtained for the study by the local research ethics committee at Imperial College, London (20IC6136). We anticipate round 1 to commence in January 2021. Conclusions The results of this study will define the term digital surgery, identify the key issues and barriers, and shape future research in this area. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/26552

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Nagda, SJ. "Research ethics." Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 5, no. 4 (2005): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-4052.21629.

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WENGER, NEIL S., HONGHU LIU, and JAY R. LIEBERMAN. "Teaching Medical Ethics to Orthopaedic Surgery Residents*." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 80, no. 8 (August 1998): 1125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199808000-00005.

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Spångberg, Larz S. W. "Ethics in publication." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 109, no. 6 (June 2010): 797–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.03.027.

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Rentea, Rebecca M., Tolulope A. Oyetunji, and Shawn D. St Peter. "Ethics of randomized trials in pediatric surgery." Pediatric Surgery International 36, no. 8 (May 11, 2020): 865–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00383-020-04665-5.

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Downing, Marc T., Dave P. Way, and Donna A. Caniano. "Results of a national survey on ethics education in general surgery residency programs." American Journal of Surgery 174, no. 3 (September 1997): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9610(97)00112-8.

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Agha, Riaz. "Medical Ethics Today." International Journal of Surgery 2, no. 2 (May 2004): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1743-9191(06)60074-5.

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Bazmi, Shabnam, Parsa Kiani, Seyed Ali Enjoo, Mehrzad Kiani, and Elham Bazmi. "Assessment of surgery residents' knowledge of medical ethics and law. Implications for training and education." Journal of Medicine and Life 16, no. 3 (March 2023): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25122/jml-2022-0035.

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Medical ethics and law are essential topics that should be included in medical residency programs. However, surgery training programs in Iran lack a specific course in medical ethics and law, which can lead to patient dissatisfaction with surgical outcomes. This study aimed to assess surgery residents' knowledge of medical ethics and law and suggest improvements for future residency programs. This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 112 surgery residents from six teaching hospitals. A valid and reliable questionnaire comprising 15 items on medical ethics and 12 items on medical law was used to assess participants' knowledge. Most participants were female (31-40 years old), and their mean knowledge score for medical ethics was 3.26±0.53 out of 5, with the lowest score in "futile treatment and DNR orders." The mean knowledge score for medical law was 3.69±0.69, with the lowest score in "surrogate decision-maker." Age did not affect residents' knowledge, but gender did, with female residents demonstrating significantly better knowledge of medical ethics (3.344/5 vs. 3.112/5) and law (3.789/5 vs. 3.519/5). Surgery residents had a relatively favorable knowledge of medical ethics and law, but they require further training in some areas to improve their knowledge. Training should include journal clubs, role-play programs, standardized patient programs, and debates to achieve better results, as purely didactic lectures appear inadequate.

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Gupta, Nisha, Robert Dorfman, Sean Saadat, and Jason Roostaeian. "The Plastic Surgery Social Media Influencer: Ethical Considerations and a Literature Review." Aesthetic Surgery Journal 40, no. 6 (November 19, 2019): 691–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjz329.

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Abstract Background Social media use has become a relevant tool in plastic surgery. These platforms are utilized for many reasons, such as business promotion. Although beneficial, social media can cause ethical dilemmas if used incorrectly. Objectives A review of the literature revealed what is understood about the implications of social media in regards to sponsorship/promotion. This paper aimed to create the foundation surrounding this topic and help facilitate future discussions on this new ethical dilemma. Methods A MEDLINE search with a custom publication date range and a review of the literature was conducted on June 15, 2019. Results The search yielded 139 articles and abstracts. After review, 26 publications were chosen for analysis. Articles were taken from the following journals: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (n = 12), Aesthetic Surgery Journal (n = 8), PRS Global Open (n = 2), Annals of Plastic Surgery (n = 1), BMJ (n = 1), AMA Journal of Ethics (n = 1), and Facial Plastic Surgery (n = 1). The 4 principles of medical ethics were analyzed in respect to promotion and sponsorship in plastic surgery. Conclusions Social media is a novel platform that is becoming increasingly utilized in plastic surgery. Although its impact can be beneficial, it is not well understood in the context of social media sponsorship and promotion. To date, no peer-reviewed articles specifically discuss these limitations. It is critical that all plastic surgeons be cognizant of both the positive and negative aspects of social media before integrating it into their professional lives.

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Woodcock, Tom, and Robert Wheeler. "Law and medical ethics in organ transplantation surgery." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 92, no. 4 (May 2010): 282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588410x12664192076250.

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This article in the series describes how UK law and medical ethics have evolved to accommodate developments in organ transplantation surgery. August committees have formulated definitions of the point of death of the person which are compatible with the lawful procurement of functioning vital organs from cadavers. Some of the complexities of dead donor rules are examined. Live donors are a major source of kidneys and the laws that protect them are considered. Financial inducements and other incentives to donate erode the noble concept of altruism, but should they be unlawful?

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Sahlish Kumar, Iqra Ismail, Komal Noorani, Fatima Ashraf Ganatra, Insiya Hashim, Sara Maratib Ali, and Abu Talib. "Knowledge and practice of ethics among postgraduates in a public sector tertiary care hospital." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 72, no. 5 (May 10, 2022): 1008–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.3792.

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Objective: To explore the present state of competency in clinical ethics among postgraduate trainees in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: The interview-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Civil Hospital, Karachi, from September 2018 to March 2019, and comprised postgraduate trainees of either gender in any year of the training program across all specialties. Data was collected using self-reported questionnaire seeking opinion about present working conditions regarding clinical ethical issues on the hospital ground and problems they face from day to day. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of the 153 subjects, 96(62.7%) were females, 73(47.7%) were from Medicine and allied disciplines, and 80(52.3%) were from Surgery and allied disciplines. The primary source of their clinical ethics’ understanding was derived from their workplace [116(75.82%)]. While only 104 (68%) of the subjects knew about the Hippocratic Oath’s contents, less than 10% knew about Nuremberg Code and Helsinki declaration. They mainly relied on their seniors at work for guidance on ethical issues [108 (70.59%)]. Overall, the subjects lacked basic knowledge of medical ethics and failed to practise ethical conduct during their training. Conclusions: The knowledge of medical ethics was found to be unsatisfactory among doctors, and timely intervention was needed to improve the situation. Key Words: Clinical ethics, Postgraduate education, Knowledge, Practices, Pakistan.

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Gupta, Suresh. "Ethical and legal issues in aesthetic surgery." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 45, no. 03 (September 2012): 547–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.105973.

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ABSTRACTRapid growth and expansion of plastic surgery in general and aesthetic surgery in particular in the past decade has brought in its wake some confusions particularly raising questions for the surgeons conduct towards his colleagues and the patients in the light of ethical requirements. Some thoughts from eminent thinkers form a backdrop to consideration of theories of medical ethics. In this article raging and continuous debates on these subjects have been avoided to maintain the momentum. Apart from the western thoughts, directions from our old scriptures on ethical conduct have been included to accommodate prevelant Indian practices. The confusion created by specialists advertising their abilities directly to the lay public following removal of ethical bars by the American Courts as also latitudes allowed by the General Medical Council of Great Britain have been discussed. The medical fraternity however has its reservations. Unnecessary skirmishes with the law arose in cosmetic surgery from the freedom exercised by the police to file criminal proceedings against attending doctors in the event of a patient′s death with or without any evidence of wrong doing. This has now been curtailed in the judgement of the Supreme Court of India[1] where norms have been laid down for such prosecution. This has helped doctors to function without fear of harassment. An effort has been made to state a simple day-to-day routine for an ethical doctor-patient relationship.

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Litton, Paul, and Franklin G. Miller. "A Normative Justification for Distinguishing the Ethics of Clinical Research from the Ethics of Medical Care." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 33, no. 3 (2005): 566–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2005.tb00519.x.

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In the research ethics literature, there is strong disagreement about the ethical acceptability of placebo-controlled trials, particularly when a tested therapy aims to alleviate a condition for which standard treatment exists. Recently, this disagreement has given rise to debate over the moral appropriateness of the principle of clinical equipoise for medical research. Underlying these debates are two fundamentally different visions of the moral obligations that investigators owe their subjects.Some commentators and ethics documents claim that physicians, whether acting as care givers or researchers, have the same duty of beneficence towards their patients and subjects: namely, that they must provide optimal medical care. In discussing placebo surgery in research on refractory Parkinson's disease, Peter Clark succinctly states this view: “The researcher has an ethical responsibility to act in the best interest of subjects.”

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Lewis, Michael C., and Nicholas S. Yeldo. "The Ethics of Surgery at End of Life." Anesthesiology Clinics 37, no. 3 (September 2019): 561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anclin.2019.04.005.

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Hensinger, Robert N. "The principles of medical ethics in orthopaedic surgery." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 74, no. 10 (December 1992): 1439–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199274100-00001.

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Barbour, V., B. Astaneh, and M. Irfan. "Challenges in publication ethics." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 98, no. 04 (April 1, 2016): 241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2016.0104.

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‘Some editors are failed writers, but so are most writers.’ TS Eliot (1888–1965) Have you ever wondered what medical journal editors do? Most editors in the medical field are unpaid and the work is part of the wider culture of service provided by so many in the medical profession. Together with the editorial board and the publisher, an editor will decide the direction of the journal. For instance, decisions are made about what sort of material should be published. One of the most common tasks, however, is the daily screening of manuscripts submitted for publication, many of which are rejected without peer review owing to poor quality, redundant material or the subject of the article being beyond the scope of the journal. After deciding which peer reviewers to send an article to, the editor must make a final decision on a manuscript, which may not necessarily concur with the advice given by the reviewers. With this comes a huge amount of personal responsibility and one to the organisation the editor represents. Take the example of George Lundberg, the editor of JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, who was fired from his position after 17 years with the alleged faux pas of rushing to publish an article to coincide with the Clinton impeachment hearings ‘to extract political leverage.’ Lundberg published research showing that 60% of college students surveyed in 1991 did not think that engaging in oral sex was classed as actually ‘having sex.’ 1 While neither the methods used in the survey nor the results were disputed, the timing of the publication at an awkward political juncture was. Extrapolating this, editors are therefore not just responsible for the content of what is published but also the impact of publications in the wider arena. Editors must also handle a great deal of correspondence, including author queries and complaints, and respond to them in a timely manner. Communication with the team, the publisher, authors and readers is a vital skill. Finally, the editor needs to deal with the journal’s ethical policy when examples of plagiarism, author disputes or other forms of misconduct are evident. Breaches of publication ethics are forms of scientific misconduct that can undermine science and challenge editors, many of whom have little formal training in this field. In this respect, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), founded in 1997 as a voluntary body, has become a central player. COPE provides a discussion forum and advice as well as guidelines for scientific editors with the aim of finding practical ways to deal with forms of misconduct. The Annals is a member of COPE and follows its code of conduct for journal editors. 2 It is a privilege that the current chair of COPE, Dr Barbour, and her colleagues have written this final article in the medical publishing series about challenges in publication ethics. I hope you have found this series useful and enjoyed reading the range of articles we have published from many experts in their fields. JYOTI SHAH Commissioning Editor References 1. Sanders SA , Reinisch JM . Would you say you ‘had sex’ if…? JAMA 1999 ; 281 : 275 – 277 . 2. Committee on Publication Ethics . Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors . Harleston, UK : COPE ; 2011 .

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Fugazzola, Maria Carlotta. "The ethics of surgery—decision‐making and patients advocacy." Veterinary Surgery 50, no. 4 (April 3, 2021): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13633.

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Schudel, W. J. "Neurosciences and Ethics." Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 91, no. 1 (January 1989): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0303-8467(89)80025-3.

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Greenhalgh, David G. "ETHICS FORUM." Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation 24, no. 5 (September 2003): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.bcr.0000085878.99933.c5.

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Greenhalgh, David. "ETHICS FORUM." Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation 21, no. 5 (September 2000): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004630-200021050-00007.

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Greenhalgh, David G. "ETHICS FORUM." Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation 22, no. 2 (March 2001): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004630-200103000-00016.

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Greenhalgh, David G. "ETHICS FORUM." Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation 23, no. 5 (September 2002): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004630-200209000-00010.

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Moreira, H., T. Magalhães, RJ Dinis-Oliveira, and A. Taveira-Gomes. "Forensic evaluation of medical liability cases in general surgery." Medicine, Science and the Law 54, no. 4 (December 18, 2013): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802413506572.

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Fenton, Kathleen N., Marcelo Cardarelli, Frank Molloy, and William M. Novick. "Ethics in humanitarian efforts: when should resources be allocated to paediatric heart surgery?" Cardiology in the Young 29, no. 1 (October 18, 2018): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951118001713.

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AbstractBackgroundIn countries with ample resources, no debate exists as to whether heart surgery should be provided. However, where funding is limited, what responsibility exists to care for children with congenital heart defects? If children have a “right” to surgical treatment, to whom is the “duty” to provide it assigned? These questions are subjected to ethical analysis.MethodsExamination is initially based on the four principles of medical ethics: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Consideration of beneficence and justice is expanded using a consequentialist approach.ResultsSocial structures, including governments, exist to foster the common good. Society, whether by means of government funding or otherwise, has the responsibility, according to the means available, to assure health care for all based on the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. In wealthy countries, adequate resources exist to fund appropriate treatment; hence it should be provided to all based on distributive justice. In resource-limited countries, however, decisions regarding provision of care for expensive or complex health problems must be made with consideration for broader effects on the general public. Preliminary data from cost-effectiveness analysis indicate that many surgical interventions, including cardiac surgery, may be resource-efficient. Given that information, utilitarian ethical analysis supports dedication of resources to congenital heart surgery in many low-income countries. In the poorest countries, where access to drinking water and basic nutrition is problematic, it will often be more appropriate to focus on these issues first.ConclusionEthical analysis supports dedication of resources to congenital heart surgery in all but the poorest countries.

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Chander, NGopi. "Ethics in prosthodontic research." Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 20, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_455_19.

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Udwadia, Farhad R., Jane Zhu, Haaris M. Khan, and Sunit Das. "Futility considerations in surgical ethics." Annals of Medicine & Surgery 85, no. 1 (January 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000000114.

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Mehta, Samir, Thomas G. Myers, Jess H. Lonner, G. Russell Huffman, and Brian J. Sennett. "The Ethics of Sham Surgery in Clinical Orthopaedic Research." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 89, no. 7 (July 2007): 1650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.f.00563.

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Mehta, Samir, Thomas G. Myers, Jess H. Lonner, G. Russell Huffman, and Brian J. Sennett. "The Ethics of Sham Surgery in Clinical Orthopaedic Research." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume 89, no. 7 (July 2007): 1650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200707000-00031.

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Yildirim, Ali Cihat, Zehra Ucan, Ibrahim Uney, Sezgin Zeren, and Muhammed Alperen Tas. "Factors affecting interns to prefer general surgery specialization." Atlantic Journal of Medical Science and Research 2, no. 4 (December 28, 2022): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.55358/atjmed.2022.11.018.

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Aim: The preference rates of certain surgical branches are gradually decreasing. Considering the general surgery branch; The quotas opened in the TUS (Examination for specialty in medicine) exam are also not seriously preferred. This situation is thought to be caused by professional and social difficulties. In our study, the opinions of medical faculty interns in terms of specialization in the general surgery branch were examined. Materials and methods: Following the approval of the local ethics committee, a written questionnaire consisting of ten questions was applied to the interns of our university at the end of a one-month compulsory general surgery internship on a voluntary basis. Students who gave full answers to the survey questions were included in the study. The obtained written data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods. Results: One-hundred-and-five interns participated in the study. Fifty-three were women and 52 were men. While 21 interns stated that they would choose general surgery as their preference (20%), 84 interns stated that they would not prefer general surgery (80%). When the interns were asked whether general surgery was preferred in TUS, 79 students stated that it was not preferred (75.23%), while 26 students stated that it was preferred (24.77%). Ninety-five percent of the interns stated more than one reason for not preferring it. When asked whether they would prefer general surgery if improvements were made based on the reasons stated, 40 out of 79 students (50.63%) stated that they would prefer it, 18 students (22.78%) stated they would not prefer it, and 21 students (26.58%) stated that they were undecided. Conclusions: General surgery is less preferred than other surgical branches in the TUS exam. Many factors have been identified in the low rate of preference for general surgery specialists by interns. With the improvement of these negative factors, preference rates can increase. Keywords: Medical faculty, medical residency, internship and residency, general surgery, surgery

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Mavroudis, Constantine, Constantine D. Mavroudis, Marshall L. Jacobs, and Jeffrey P. Jacobs. "Ethics of Innovation in Surgery for Congenital Cardiac Diseases." Cardiology in the Young 19, S2 (November 2009): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951109991697.

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Hemmati, Hossein, Jalal Aboutalebi, Mohaya Farzin, Ghazaleh Hemmati, and Elahe Rafiei. "Evaluation of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Patients Undergoing Surgery With Ultrasound in Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation Requiring Central Venous Catheter." Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences 23, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 512–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jams.23.4.6103.1.

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Background and Aim This study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical information of patients undergoing surgery with ultrasound in internal jugular vein cannulation. Methods & Materials After the approval of the plan in the ethics committee of Guilan University of Medical Sciences, this study was performed in the general surgery department of Razi Hospital in 2018 on 100 patients in need of central venous catheter implantation. The neck type (distance between the two designated areas) was entered in a special form made by the researcher and after the completion of the design, it was examined and statistically analyzed. Ethical Considerations This research ethically approved by the Ethics Committee of Guilan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.GUMS.REC.1396.20) Results The mean age of the studied patients was 58.72±16.09 years. The anatomical and sonographic margins between the two Land Mark areas were higher in men VS women, but there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the other variables. (P>0.05). Conclusion The findings of this study show that catheterization of the internal jugular vein under the guidance of ultrasound was less access time and fewer complications.

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Sarela, AI, and M. Thomson. "Balancing law, ethics and reality in informed consent for surgery." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 96, no. 5 (July 2014): 329–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414x13946184901803.

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Informed consent has different implications and requirements in law and bioethics, and some irreconcilable disputes with the reality of surgical practice in the National Health Service. This article explores and discusses various aspects of informed consent that are of critical importance for practising surgeons in all specialties.

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Capozzi, James D., and Rosamond Rhodes. "Ethics in Practice." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume 82, no. 5 (May 2000): 748–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200005000-00017.

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Capozzi, James D., and Rosamond Rhodes. "Ethics in Practice." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume 82, no. 11 (November 2000): 1668–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200011000-00022.

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Hieb, Lee D. "Ethics in Practice." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 86, no. 2 (February 2004): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200402000-00033.

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Alexander, Ashlin J., Daniel S. Alam, Patrick J. Gullane, Benoît G. Lengelé, and Peter A. Adamson. "Arguing the Ethics of Facial Transplantation." Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archfaci.2009.106.

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Maddern, Guy, and Joseph Wayne Smith. "Surgical ethics, law and mandatory reporting." ANZ Journal of Surgery 81, no. 12 (December 2011): 855–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2011.05928.x.

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Jain, Amit, and Casey Jo Humbyrd. "Ethics of Cost Custodianship and Price Transparency in Orthopaedic Surgery." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 104, no. 5 (January 4, 2022): e17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.20.02251.

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Kumar, Bid. "Challenges to professionalism and ethics in perioperative clinical practice." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 82, no. 5 (May 2, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2020.0499.

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Abstract:

Perioperative medicine can pose myriad challenges to professionalism and ethical practice. Medicine is a science, but definite end points, and predictable results and outcomes do not consistently occur. There is the potential for error during all steps of a patient's assessment and treatment. Examination findings, laboratory investigations, diagnosis, plans for and outcomes of surgery and long-term outcomes can all be uncertain and/or not meet expectations. Factors including pressures in the workplace, conflicts, ego, prescribed guidelines and pathways, the need to achieve healthcare targets, desire for autonomy and need to maintain multidisciplinary involvement in patient care can lead to an environment in which it is challenging for professionalism and ethics to thrive.

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