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Academic literature on the topic 'General relativity tests'

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Published: 4 June 2021
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Journal articles on the topic "General relativity tests"

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IORIO, LORENZO. ""IMPRINTING" IN GENERAL RELATIVITY TESTS?" International Journal of Modern Physics D 20, no. 10 (September 2011): 1945–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271811019980.

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We investigate possible a priori "imprinting" of general relativity itself on spaceraft-based tests of it. We deal with some performed or proposed time-delay ranging experiments in the Sun's gravitational field. The "imprint" of general relativity on the Astronomical Unit and the solar gravitational constant GM⊙, not solved for in the spacecraft-based time-delay test performed so far, may induce an a priori bias of the order of 10-6 in typical solar system ranging experiments aimed to measuring the space curvature PPN parameter γ. It is too small by one order of magnitude to be of concern for the performed Cassini experiment, but it would affect future planned or proposed tests aiming to reach a 10-7–10-9 accuracy in determining γ.
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Turyshev, Slava G. "Experimental Tests of General Relativity." Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 58, no. 1 (November 2008): 207–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nucl.58.020807.111839.

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Will, Clifford M. "General Relativity confronts experiment." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 114 (1986): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900148387.

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We review the status of experimental tests of general relativity. These include tests of the Einstein Equivalence Principle, which requires that gravitation be described by a curved-spacetime, “metric” theory of gravity. General relativity is consistent with all tests to date, including the “classical tests”: light deflection using radio interferometers, radar time delay using Viking Mars landers, and the perihelion shift of Mercury; and tests of the strong equivalence principle, such as lunar laser ranging tests of the “Nordtvedt effect”, and tests for variations in G. We also review ten years of observations of the Binary Pulsar, in which the first evidence for gravitational radiation has been found.
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Keith, John Treschman. "Recent astronomical tests of general relativity." International Journal of Physical Sciences 10, no. 2 (January 30, 2015): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ijps2014.4236.

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Fomalont, E. B., and S. Kopeikin. "Radio interferometric tests of general relativity." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S248 (October 2007): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308019613.

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AbstractSince VLBI techniques produce a microarcsecond positional accuracy of celestial objects, tests of GR using radio sources as probes of a gravitational field have been made. We present the results from two recent tests using the VLBA: in 2005, the measurement of the classical solar deflection; and in 2002, the measurement of the retarded gravitational deflection associated with Jupiter. The deflection experiment measured γ to an accuracy of 3 × 10−4; the Jupiter experiment measured the retarded term to 20% accuracy. The controversy over the interpretation of the retarded term is summarized.
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Urani, John R., and Ronald W. Carlson. "Polar gyroscopic tests of general relativity." Physical Review D 31, no. 10 (May 15, 1985): 2672–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.31.2672.

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Damour, T. "Strong-field tests of general relativity." Classical and Quantum Gravity 10, S (December 1, 1993): S59—S66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/10/s/005.

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Leung, C. N. "Neutrino tests of general and special relativity." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 451, no. 1 (August 2000): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(00)00376-4.

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Stairs, I. H. "Binary pulsars and tests of general relativity." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S261 (April 2009): 218–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921309990433.

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AbstractBinary pulsars are a valuable laboratory for gravitational experiments. Double-neutron-star systems such as the double pulsar provide the most stringent tests of strong-field gravity available to date, while pulsars with white-dwarf companions constrain departures from general relativity based on the difference in gravitational binding energies in the two stars. Future observations may open up entirely new tests of the predictions of general relativity.
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Schönenbach, Thomas, Gunther Caspar, Peter O. Hess, Thomas Boller, Andreas Müller, Mirko Schäfer, and Walter Greiner. "Experimental tests of pseudo-complex General Relativity." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 430, no. 4 (February 12, 2013): 2999–3009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt108.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "General relativity tests"

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Swing, André. "Experimental Tests of General Relativity." Thesis, KTH, Teoretisk fysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-127006.

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Abstract This paper treats Einstein's theory of General Relativity (GR), in particular three of the earliest experiments testing its validity. It covers the de　ection of, and the redshift of light in a gravity eld, two new phenomena predicted by GR. The perihelion precession of the planet Mercury and how GR matches observations of it more correctly than classic physics is also covered. In addition to the three older tests above, the more modern application in the GPS system is discussed, and how it can be regarded as a test of GR. Some theoretical questions are also discussed, including comparing classic physics to GR and the classical limit of GR.
Denna rapport handlar om Einsteins allmäna relativitetstori (GR), och mer specikt om tre tidiga experiment som kan testa dess giltlighet. Här behandlas avböjning av, och rödförskjutning av ljus i gravitationsfält, två nya fenomen som förutsägs av GR. Planeten merkurius periheliumprecession och hur GR bättre matchar observationer av den täcks också upp. Förutom dessa tre experiment, diskuteras också tillämpningen av GR i GPS-systemet, och hur det kan betraktas som ett test av GR. Några teoretiska frågor diskuteras också; bland annat jämförs klassisk fysik med GR och den klassiska gränsen till GR tas upp.
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Baker, Theresa Mary. "Cosmological tests of general relativity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dd5fda2f-d552-4130-839c-71c1a375ef49.

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Understanding the apparent accelerating expansion rate of the universe is a challenge for modern cosmology. One category of explanations is that we are using the wrong gravitational physics to study the observations. Our paradigmatic theory of gravity – Einstein’s theory of General Relativity – may be subsumed by a larger theory. This thesis develops a selection of tools for testing General Relativity and the numerous alternative theories of gravity that have been put forward. I advocate that an elegant and efficient way to test this space of theories is through the use of parameterized frameworks. Inspired by the Parameterized Post-Newtonian framework I develop a new formalism, the Parameterized Post-Friedmann formalism, that aims to unify the linear cosmological perturbation theory of many alternatives to General Relativity. Having introduced the Parameterized Post-Friedmann formalism and demonstrated its application via a suite of examples, I examine several issues surrounding parameterized tests of gravity. I first consider how the structure of a parameterization can influence the constraints obtainable from a given set of data. I then consider how to describe the growth of the large-scale structure of the universe in a parameterized manner. This leads to a convenient tool for calculating corrections to the growth rate of structure in modified theories, which can be used both with the Parameterized Post-Friedmann formalism or independently of it. I present forecasts for how well generalized deviations from General Relativity will be constrained by the next generation of galaxy surveys. Throughout, this thesis aims to take a synoptic approach to theories of modified gravity, rather than focussing on specific models. A question yet to be answered is whether this approach is realistic in practical terms. The final part of this thesis takes the first steps towards an answer.
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Cooney, Alan James. "Astrophysical Tests of Gravity Beyond General Relativity." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/294014.

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The General theory of Relativity (GR) brought gravity into accord with the principles of locality and relativity. Since its discovery it has been preeminent, recognized as the most accurate description of gravity on the many scales where it has been tested. During this period, seemingly radical predictions like the existence of black holes and the expansion of the Universe have been verified and testify to the great leap of insight that GR represented in our understanding of space and time. However not all precision observations of astrophysical systems have yielded easily to interpretation within GR, and with the discovery of cosmic acceleration, there is genuine concern that General Relativity may be incomplete when describing the Universe on the largest sizes imaginable. In this uncertainty, many theoretical models have been proposed. In this thesis we shall first outline the motivation behind a certain subset of these models and the known issues that arise in interpreting these models as alternative theories of gravity. Then focus on one variety of theory the f(R) modifications to gravity. Demonstrating that many of the known instabilities have a common origin and that they are avoided when treating these theories via perturbative constraints. In the second part of this work we examine the astrophysical impact of modifications to gravity, first in the case of high mass neutron stars, then subsequently on corrections to the line profile of neutral hydrogen from violations of the equivalence principle. Finally we explore the phenomenology of modifications to gravity that produce late-Universe acceleration. In particular, what solutions are allowed and what range of accelerations are predicted as a result. Furthermore we explore how a correction to gravity at large scales would impact the growth and evolution of cosmological perturbations.
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Varju, Katalin. "Quantum tests for non-inertial and general relativistic effects." Thesis, University of Kent, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322831.

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Loriani, Fard Sina Leon [Verfasser]. "Atom interferometry for tests of general relativity / Sina Leon Loriani Fard." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220422223/34.

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Wilson, Michael James. "Geometric and growth rate tests of General Relativity with recovered linear cosmological perturbations." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22866.

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The expansion of the universe is currently accelerating, as first inferred by Efstathiou et al. (1990), Ostriker & Steinhardt (1995) and directly determined by Riess et al. (1998) and Perlmutter et al. (1999). Current constraints are consistent with a time independent equation-of-state of w = -1, which is to be expected when a constant vacuum energy density dominates. But the Quantum Field Theory prediction for the magnitude of this vacuum energy is very much larger than that inferred (Weinberg, 1989; Koksma & Prokopec, 2011). It is entirely possible that the cause of the expansion has an alternative explanation, with both the inclusion of a quantum scalar field and modified gravity theories able to reproduce an expansion history close to, but potentially deviating from, that of a cosmological constant and cold dark matter. In this work I investigate the consistency of the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS) v7 census of the galaxy distribution at z = 0:8 with the expansion history and linear growth rate predicted by General Relativity (GR) when a Planck Collaboration et al. (2016) fiducial cosmology is assumed. To do so, I measure the optimally weighted redshift-space power spectrum (Feldman et al., 1994), which is anisotropic due to the coherent infall of galaxies towards overdensities and outflow from voids (Kaiser, 1987). The magnitude of this anisotropy can distinguish between modified theories of gravity as the convergence (divergence) rate of the velocity field depends on the effective strength of gravity on cosmological scales (Guzzo et al., 2008). This motivates measuring the linear growth rate rather than the background expansion, which is indistinguishable for a number of modified gravity theories. In Chapter 6 I place constraints of fσ8(0:76) = 0:44 ± 0:04; fσ8(1:05) = 0:28 ± 0:08; with the completed VIPERS v7 survey; the combination remains consistent with General Relativity at 95% confidence. The dependence of the errors on the assumed priors will be investigated in future work. Further anisotropy is introduced by the Alcock-Paczynski effect - a distortion of the observed power spectrum due to the assumption of a fiducial cosmology differing from the true one. These two sources of anisotropy may be separated based on their distinct scale and angular dependence with sufficiently precise measurements. Doing so degrades the constraints: fσ8(0:76) = 0:31 ± 0:10; fσ8(1:05) = -0:04 ± 0:26; but allows for the background expansion (FAP ≡ (1 + z)DAH=c) to be simultaneously constrained. Galaxy redshift surveys may then directly compare both the background expansion and linear growth rate to the GR predictions I find the VIPERS v7 joint-posterior on (fσ8; FAP ) shows no compelling deviation from the GR expectation although the sizeable errors reduce the significance of this conclusion. In Chapter 4 I describe and outline corrections for the VIPERS spectroscopic selection, which enable these constraints to be made. The VIPERS selection strategy is (projected) density dependent and may potentially bias measures of galaxy clustering. Throughout this work I present numerous tests of possible systematic biases, which are performed with the aid of realistic VIPERS mock catalogues. These also allow for accurate statistical error estimates to be made { by incorporating the sample variance due to both the finite volume and finite number density. Chapter 5 details the development and testing of a new, rapid approach for the forward modelling of the power spectrum multipole moments obtained from a survey with an involved angular mask. An investigation of the necessary corrections for the VIPERS PDR-1 angular mask is recorded. This includes an original derivation for the integral constraint correction for a smoothed, joint-field estimate of ¯n(z) and a description of how the mask should be accounted for in light of the Alcock- Paczynski effect. Chapter 7 investigates the inclusion of a simple local overdensity transform: 'clipping' prior to the redshift-space distortions (RSD) analysis. This tackles the root cause of non-linearity and potentially extends the validity of perturbation theory. Moreover, this marked clustering statistic potentially amplifies signatures of modified gravity and, as a density-weighted two-point statistic, includes information not available to the power spectrum. I show that a linear real-space power spectrum with a Kaiser factor and a Lorentzian damping yields a significant bias without clipping, but that this may be removed with a sufficiently strict transform; similar behaviour is observed for the VIPERS v7 dataset. Estimates of fσ8 for different thresholds are highly correlated due to the overlapping volume, but the bias for insufficient clipping can be calibrated and the correlation obtained using mock catalogues. A maximum likelihood value for the combined constraint of a number of thresholds is shown to achieve a ' 16% decrease in statistical error relative to the most precise single-threshold estimate. The results are encouraging to date but represent a work in progress; the final analysis will be submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics as Wilson et al. (2016). In addition to this, an original extension of the prediction for a clipped Gaussian field to a clipped lognormal field is presented. The results of tests of this model with a real-space cube populated according to the halo occupation distribution model are also provided.
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Frye, Christopher. "Modification to Einstein's field equations imposed by string theory and consequences for the classical tests of general relativity." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/852.

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String theory imposes slight modifications to Einstein's equations of general relativity (GR). In (4), the authors claim that the gravitational field equations in empty space, which in GR are just R [subscript greek letters mu nu ] = 0, should hold one extra term which is first order in the string constant [alpha'] and proportional to the Riemann curvature tensor squared. They do admit, however, that this simple modification is just schematic. In (1) the authors use modified equations which are coupled to the dilation field. We show that equations given in (4) do not admit an isotropic solution; justification of these equations would require sacrificing isotropy. We thus investigate the consequences of the coupled equations from (1) and the black-hole solution they give there. We calculate the additional perihelion precession of Mercury, the added deflection of photons by the sun, and the extra gravitational redshift which should be present if these equations hold. We determine that additional effects due to string theory in each of these cases are quite minuscule.
B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Physics
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Feix, Martin. "Extragalactic and cosmological tests of gravity theories with additional scalar or vector fields." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1901.

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Despite the many successes of the current standard model of cosmology on the largest physical scales, it relies on two phenomenologically motivated constituents, cold dark matter and dark energy, which account for approximately 95% of the energy-matter content of the universe. From a more fundamental point of view, however, the introduction of a dark energy (DE) component is theoretically challenging and extremely fine-tuned, despite the many proposals for its dynamics. On the other hand, the concept of cold dark matter (CDM) also suffers from several issues such as the lack of direct experimental detection, the question of its cosmological abundance and problems related to the formation of structure on small scales. A perhaps more natural solution might be that the gravitational interaction genuinely differs from that of general relativity, which expresses itself as either one or even both of the above dark components. Here we consider different possibilities on how to constrain hypothetical modifications to the gravitational sector, focusing on the subset of tensor-vector-scalar (TeVeS) theory as an alternative to CDM on galactic scales and a particular class of chameleon models which aim at explaining the coincidences of DE. Developing an analytic model for nonspherical lenses, we begin our analysis with testing TeVeS against observations of multiple-image systems. We then approach the role of low-density objects such as cosmic filaments in this framework and discuss potentially observable signatures. Along these lines, we also consider the possibility of massive neutrinos in TeVeS theory and outline a general approach for constraining this hypothesis with the help of cluster lenses. This approach is then demonstrated using the cluster lens A2390 with its remarkable straight arc. Presenting a general framework to explore the nonlinear clustering of density perturbations in coupled scalar field models, we then consider a particular chameleon model and highlight the possibility of measurable effects on intermediate scales, i.e. those relevant for galaxy clusters. Finally, we discuss the prospects of applying similar methods in the context of TeVeS and present an ansatz which allows to cast the linear perturbation equations into a more convenient form.
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Van, Straten Willem Herman Bernadus, and straten@astron nl. "High-Precision timing and polarimeter of PSR JO437-4715." Swinburne University of Technology. School of Biophysical Sciences and electrical Engineering, 2003. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20040311.123754.

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This thesis reports on the recent results of a continuing, high-precision pulsar timing project, currently focused on the nearby, binary millisecond pulsar, PSR J0437_4715. Pulse arrival time analysis has yielded a remarkable series of constraints on the physical parameters of this system and evidence for the distortion of space-time as predicted by the General Theory of Relativity. Owing to the proximity of the PSR J0437_4715 system, relative changes in the positions of the Earth and pulsar result in both annual and secular evolution of the line of sight to the pulsar. Although the changes are miniscule, the effects on the projected orbital parameters are detectable in our data at a high level of significance, necessitating the implementation of an improved timing model. In addition to producing estimates of astrometric parameters with unparalleled precision, the study has also yielded the first three-dimensional orbital geometry of a binary pulsar. This achievement includes the first classical determination of the orbital inclination, thereby providing the unique opportunity to verify the shape of the Shapiro delay and independently confirm a general relativistic prediction. With a current post-fit arrival time residual RMS of 130 ns over four years, the unrivaled quality of the timing data presented herein may eventually contribute to the most stringent limit on the energy density of the proposed stochastic gravitational wave background. Continuing the quest for even greater timing precision, a detailed study of the polarimetry of PSR J0437_4715 was undertaken. This effort culminated in the development of a new, phase-coherent technique for calibrating the instrumental response of the observing system. Observations were conducted at the Parkes 64-m radio telescope in New South Wales, Australia, using baseband recorder technologies developed at York University, Toronto, and at the California Institute of Technology. Data were processed off-line at Swinburne University using a beowulf-style cluster of high-performance workstations and custom software developed by the candidate as part of this thesis.
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Bourgoin, Adrien. "Contraintes sur les violations à la symétrie de Lorentz par analyse des données de télémétrie laser Lune." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066481/document.

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La relativité générale (RG) et le modèle standard des particules permettent de comprendre les quatre interactions fondamentales de la nature. La formulation d'une théorie quantique de la gravitation permettrait d'unifier ces deux tenants de la physique moderne. D'après les grandes théories d'unification, une telle union est possible moyennant la brisure de certaines symétries fondamentales apparaissant à la fois en RG et dans le modèle standard telle la symétrie de Lorentz. Les violations de la symétrie de Lorentz peuvent être paramétrées dans tous les domaines de la Physique par une théorie effective du champ appelée extension du modèle standard (SME). Une violation au principe d'invariance locale de Lorentz dans le secteur gravitationnel serait supposée engendrer des perturbations dans la dynamique orbitale des corps présents dans le système solaire, notamment la Lune. Ainsi, à partir des données extrêmement précises de télémétrie laser, l'orbite lunaire peut être minutieusement analysée afin de débusquer d'éventuelles anomalies dans son mouvement. Dans cette optique, ELPN (Ephéméride Lunaire Parisienne Numérique), une nouvelle éphéméride lunaire intégrée dans le cadre du formalisme SME a été développée durant la thèse. ELPN fournit les solutions au problème lunaire sous la forme de séries temporelles datées en temps dynamique barycentrique (TDB). Parmi les solutions numériquement intégrées, mentionnons la position et la vitesse du vecteur barycentrique Terre-Lune, les angles de librations lunaires, la différence entre le temps terrestre et le TDB, ainsi que l'ensemble des dérivées partielles intégrées depuis l'équation aux variations. Les prédictions de l'éphéméride ont été utilisées afin de réduire les observations lunar laser ranging (LLR). Dans le cadre de la RG, la dispersion des résidus s'est avérée en accord avec les dispersions calculées à partir des éphémérides INPOP13b et DE430. Dans le cadre du SME minimal, l'analyse des données LLR a permis de contraindre toutes violations à l'invariance locale de Lorentz. Une grande attention a été portée à l'analyse des incertitudes afin de fournir des contraintes réalistes. Ainsi, dans un premier temps, les combinaisons linéaires de coefficients SME ont été isolées puis ajustées aux observations. Puis, dans un second temps, les incertitudes réalistes ont été déterminées par une méthode de ré-échantillonnage. L'analyse des données de télémétrie laser Lune n'a pas permis de révéler de violations au principe d'invariance locale de Lorentz agissant au niveau de l'orbite lunaire. Les prédictions de la RG ont donc été validées avec des précisions absolues allant de 10-9 à 10-12
General Relativity (GR) and the standard model of particle physics provide a comprehensive description of the four interactions of nature. A quantum gravity theory is expected to merge these two pillars of modern physics. From unification theories, such a combination would lead to a breaking of fundamental symmetry appearing in both GR and the standard model of particle physics as the Lorentz symmetry. Lorentz symmetry violations in all fields of physics can be parametrized by an effective field theory framework called the standard-model extension (SME). Local Lorentz Invariance violations in the gravitational sector should impact the orbital motion of bodies inside the solar system, such as the Moon. Thus, the accurate lunar laser ranging (LLR) data can be analyzed in order to study precisely the lunar motion to look for irregularities. For this purpose, ELPN (Ephéméride Lunaire Parisienne Numérique), a new lunar ephemeris has been integrated in the SME framework. This new numerical solution of the lunar motion provides time series dated in temps dynamique barycentrique (TDB). Among that series, we mention the barycentric position and velocity of the Earth-Moon vector, the lunar libration angles, the time scale difference between the terrestrial time and TDB and partial derivatives integrated from variational equations. ELPN predictions have been used to analyzed LLR observations. In the GR framework, the residuals standard deviations has turned out to be the same order of magnitude compare to those of INPOP13b and DE430 ephemerides. In the framework of the minimal SME, LLR data analysis provided constraints on local Lorentz invariance violations. Spetial attention was paid to analyze uncertainties to provide the most realistic constraints. Therefore, in a first place, linear combinations of SME coefficients have been derived and fitted to LLR observations. In a second time, realistic uncertainties have been determined with a resampling method. LLR data analysis did not reveal local Lorentz invariance violations arising on the lunar orbit. Therefore, GR predictions are recovered with absolute precisions of the order of 10-9 to 10-12
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Books on the topic "General relativity tests"

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Was Einstein right?: Putting general relativity to the test. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.

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Will, Clifford M. Was Einstein right?: Putting general relativity to the test. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.

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Was Einstein right?: Putting general relativity to the test. New York: Basic Books, 1986.

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Was Einstein right?: Putting general relativity to the test. 2nd ed. New York, NY: BasicBooks, 1993.

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Will, Clifford M. Was Einstein right?: Putting general relativity to the test. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press, 1990.

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Carlip, Steven. General Relativity. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822158.001.0001.

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This work is a short textbook on general relativity and gravitation, aimed at readers with a broad range of interests in physics, from cosmology to gravitational radiation to high energy physics to condensed matter theory. It is an introductory text, but it has also been written as a jumping-off point for readers who plan to study more specialized topics. As a textbook, it is designed to be usable in a one-quarter course (about 25 hours of instruction), and should be suitable for both graduate students and advanced undergraduates. The pedagogical approach is “physics first”: readers move very quickly to the calculation of observational predictions, and only return to the mathematical foundations after the physics is established. The book is mathematically correct—even nonspecialists need to know some differential geometry to be able to read papers—but informal. In addition to the “standard” topics covered by most introductory textbooks, it contains short introductions to more advanced topics: for instance, why field equations are second order, how to treat gravitational energy, what is required for a Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity. A concluding chapter discusses directions for further study, from mathematical relativity to experimental tests to quantum gravity.
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Vasilis A. Pantoulis (Left of Team ) Apostolos Zafiropoulos,Kostas Pardalis,John Liakos Antonis Giakouvis (The Team of Relativity / Larissa 1973). Experimental Tests Of General Relativity Of A. Einstein (Greek Text). Tekdotiki, 1997.

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Wittman, David M. The Elements of Relativity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199658633.001.0001.

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Relativity is a set of remarkable insights into the way space and time work. The basic notion of relativity, first articulated by Galileo, explains why we do not feel Earth moving as it orbits the Sun and was successful for hundreds of years. We present thinking tools that elucidate Galilean relativity and prepare us for the more modern understanding. We then show how Galilean relativity breaks down at speeds near the speed of light, and follow Einstein’s steps in working out the unexpected relationships between space and time that we now call special relativity. These relationships give rise to time dilation, length contraction, and the twin “paradox” which we explain in detail. Throughout, we emphasize how these effects are tightly interwoven logically and graphically. Our graphical understanding leads to viewing space and time as a unified entity called spacetime whose geometry differs from that of space alone, giving rise to these remarkable effects. The same geometry gives rise to the energy?momentum relation that yields the famous equation E = mc2, which we explore in detail. We then show that this geometric model can explain gravity better than traditional models of the “force” of gravity. This gives rise to general relativity, which unites relativity and gravity in a coherent whole that spawns new insights into the dynamic nature of spacetime. We examine experimental tests and startling predictions of general relativity, from everyday applications (GPS) to exotic phenomena such as gravitomagnetism, gravitational waves, Big Bang cosmology, and especially black holes.
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Kennefick, Daniel. Three and a Half Principles: The Origins of Modern Relativity Theory. Edited by Jed Z. Buchwald and Robert Fox. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696253.013.27.

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This article explores the origins of modern relativity theory. In his 1905 paper On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, Albert Einstein directly addressed one of the largest issues of the time. Electrodynamics aims to describe the motion of charged particles (usually thought of as electrons), whose interaction through the electromagnetic field, as described by Maxwell’s equations, affects their respective motions. The problem was so complex because the electromagnetic field theory was not an action-at-a-distance theory. This article begins with an overview of the principle of relativity and of the constancy of the speed of light, followed by a discussion on the relativity of simultaneity, the mass–energy equivalence, and experimental tests of special relativity. It also examines the principle of equivalence, the concepts of spacetime curvature and general covariance, and Mach’s principle. Finally, it considers experimental predictions of general relativity.
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Tod, K. P., and L. P. Hughston. An Introduction to General Relativity (London Mathematical Society Student Texts). Cambridge University Press, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "General relativity tests"

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Straumann, Norbert. "The Schwarzschild Solution and Classical Tests of General Relativity." In General Relativity, 147–218. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11827-6_4.

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Straumann, Norbert. "The Schwarzschild Solution and Classical Tests of General Relativity." In General Relativity, 157–226. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5410-2_4.

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Bambi, Cosimo. "Classical Tests of General Relativity." In Introduction to General Relativity, 163–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1090-4_9.

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Ferrari, Valeria, Leonardo Gualtieri, and Paolo Pani. "Kinematical tests of General Relativity." In General Relativity and its Applications, 197–220. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2020.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429491405-11.

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Hentschke, Reinhard, and Christian Hölbling. "Classical Tests of General Relativity." In A Short Course in General Relativity and Cosmology, 77–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46384-7_5.

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Schönenbach, Thomas, Gunther Caspar, Peter O. Hess, Thomas Boller, Andreas Müller, Mirko Schäfer, and Walter Greiner. "Experimental Tests of Pseudo-Complex General Relativity." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 111–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20046-0_13.

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Ciufolini, Ignazio, Antonio Paolozzi, Erricos C. Pavlis, Richard Matzner, Rolf König, John Ries, Giampiero Sindoni, Claudio Paris, and Vahe Gurzadyan. "Tests of General Relativity with the LARES Satellites." In Fundamental Theories of Physics, 467–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11500-5_15.

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Gea-Banacloche, J., W. Schleich, and M. O. Scully. "Tests of General Relativity and the Correlated Emission Laser." In Laser Spectroscopy VIII, 139–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-47973-4_35.

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Nordtvedt, Kenneth. "Verification of general relativity: tests in the Solar System." In The Century of Space Science, 335–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0320-9_15.

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Boller, Thomas, and Andreas Müller. "Astronomical Tests of General Relativity and the Pseudo-Complex Theory." In Exciting Interdisciplinary Physics, 293–312. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00047-3_25.

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Conference papers on the topic "General relativity tests"

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Kramer, Michael, Felix A. Aharonian, Werner Hofmann, and Frank M. Rieger. "Tests of General Relativity." In 25TH TEXAS SYMPOSIUM ON RELATIVISTIC ASTROPHYSICS (TEXAS 2010). AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3635826.

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BEESHAM, AROONKUMAR. "C2: TESTS OF SPECIAL AND GENERAL RELATIVITY." In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812776556_0032.

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Silvestri, Alessandra, Jean-Michel Alimi, and André Fuözfa. "Cosmological tests of General Relativity with tomographic surveys." In INVISIBLE UNIVERSE: Proceedings of the Conference. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3462649.

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Tartaglia, Angelo. "Experimental tests of general relativity: Where are we?" In TOWARDS NEW PARADIGMS: PROCEEDING OF THE SPANISH RELATIVITY MEETING 2011. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4734418.

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Marrone, A. "Atmospheric Neutrino Tests of Special and General Relativity." In Proceedings of the International School of Subnuclear Physics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812811585_0025.

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RUSSELL, NEIL. "THE STANDARD-MODEL EXTENSION AND TESTS OF RELATIVITY." In Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812834300_0446.

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JAEKEL, MARC-THIERRY, and SERGE REYNAUD. "GRAVITY TESTS AND THE PIONEER ANOMALY." In Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812834300_0461.

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Ciocci, Emanuele, Manuele Martini, Simone dell’Agnello S. Contessa, G. Delle Monache, A. Boni, L. Porcelli, G. Patrizi, et al. "Next-generation laser retroreflectors for precision tests of general relativity." In Proceedings of the MG14 Meeting on General Relativity. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813226609_0469.

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Bouyer, P. "Matter waves : from quantum simulators to tests of general relativity." In Mesoscopic Physics in Complex Media. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/iesc/2010mpcm01014.

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WEX, NORBERT, and MICHAEL KRAMER. "GENERIC GRAVITY TESTS WITH THE DOUBLE PULSAR." In Proceedings of the MG12 Meeting on General Relativity. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814374552_0275.

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