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1

Jacka, David. "High-Level Control of Agent-based Crowds by means of General Constraints." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000638/.

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The use of virtual crowds in visual eects has grown tremendously since the warring armies of virtual orcs and elves were seen in The Lord of the Rings. These crowds are generated by agent-based simulations, where each agent has the ability to reason and act for itself. This autonomy is eective at automatically producing realistic, complex group behaviour but leads to problems in controlling the crowds. Due to interaction between crowd members, the link between the behaviour of the individual and that of the whole crowd is not obvious. The control of a crowd's behaviour is, therefore, time consuming and frustrating, as manually editing the behaviour of individuals is often the only control approach available. This problem of control has not been widely addressed in crowd simulation research. We propose, implement and test a system in which a user may control the behaviour of a crowd by means of general constraints. This Constraint Satisfaction system automatically alters the behaviour of the individuals in the crowd such that the group behaviour meets the provided constraints. We test this system on a number of scenarios involving dierent types of agents and compare the effectiveness of this automatic system to an expert user manually changing the crowd. We find our method of control, in most cases, to be at least as effective as the expert user.
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2

Schollar, Christopher. "RFI Monitoring for the MeerKAT Radio Telescope." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00001042/.

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South Africa is currently building MeerKAT, a 64 dish radio telescope array, as a pre-cursor for the proposed Square Kilometre Array (SKA). Both telescopes will be located at a remote site in the Karoo with a low level of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). It is important to maintain a low level of RFI to ensure that MeerKAT has an unobstructed view of the universe across its bandwidth. The only way to effectively manage the environment is with a record of RFI around the telescope. The RFI management team on the MeerKAT site has multiple tools for monitoring RFI. There is a 7 dish radio telescope array called KAT7 which is used for bi-weekly RFI scans on the horizon. The team has two RFI trailers which provide a mobile spectrum and transient measurement system. They also have commercial handheld spectrum analysers. Most of these tools are only used sporadically during RFI measurement campaigns. None of the tools provided a continuous record of the environment and none of them perform automatic RFI detection. Here we design and implement an automatic, continuous RFI monitoring solution for MeerKAT. The monitor consists of an auxiliary antenna on site which continuously captures and stores radio spectra. The statistics of the spectra describe the radio frequency environment and identify potential RFI sources. All of the stored RFI data is accessible over the web. Users can view the data using interactive visualisations or download the raw data. The monitor thus provides a continuous record of the RF environment, automatically detects RFI and makes this information easily accessible. This RFI monitor functioned successfully for over a year with minimal human intervention. The monitor assisted RFI management on site during RFI campaigns. The data has proved to be accurate, the RFI detection algorithm shown to be effective and the web visualisations have been tested by MeerKAT engineers and astronomers and proven to be useful. The monitor represents a clear improvement over previous monitoring solutions used by MeerKAT and is an effective site management tool.
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3

Xu, Dongping. "Performance Study and Dynamic Optimization Design for Thread Pool Systems." Washington, D.C. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Science ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/835380-ZOcXfL/webviewable/.

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4

Nucara, Pascal. "Design of gas turbine axial compressors for fuel flexibility." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48905/.

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Current gas turbine technology for power generation is generally optimised for natural gas. On the basis of current instabilities in natural gas price and supply, the use of alternative fuels, such as syngas, has recently gained high interest. Due to the different thermodynamic properties of syngas compared to natural gas the behaviour of existing gas turbine components may significantly change. From practical and economic points of view, it is generally considered that in order to meet the new fuel properties, the main effort should be put on the adaptation of conventional gas turbines in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants rather than producing a new generation of gas turbine designs from scratch. In addition to the requirement of new combustion technologies, main critical issues are represented by the reduction of compressor surge margin and turbine blade overheating. Solutions might include thermodynamic cycle as well as turbine geometry modifications. The latter would be preferred in terms of power plant performance. The main aim of this thesis is to explore suitable solutions to be applied to gas turbine compressors in order to accommodate syngas combustion. Among others, the use of variable stator vanes (VSVs) and blade radial stacking line modifications are considered. These are investigated on reference geometries available in the public domain. A baseline compressor geometry representative of a conventional heavy-duty gas turbine fueled with natural gas is generated and modified according to the understating gained during this study. The re-designed machine is a result of the application of stator vanes re-staggering in the front stages and blade sweep in the rear stages in order to cope with compressor air supply control and critical flow separation regions respectively. The obtained results show that efficient and stable operation during power modulation can be achieved, while reducing the need of other modifications to the combined cycle plant. It was therefore concluded that the proposed option can be considered a viable option to satisfy some important technical and economic constraints imposed by the integration of an existing gas turbine within an IGCC plant.
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5

Ekong, Godwin I. "Tip clearance control concepts in gas turbine H.P. compressors." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48906/.

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6

Ravindrudu, Rahul. "Benchmarking More Aspects of High Performance Computing." Ames, Iowa : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Ames Laboratory ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/837280-06M7ga/webviewable/.

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Thesis (M.S.); Submitted to Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (US); 19 Dec 2004.
Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "IS-T 2196" Rahul Ravindrudu. US Department of Energy 12/19/2004. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
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7

Nolasco, Carlos Manuel Simões. "Dos pontapés na bola aos pontapés no Direito-para um entendimento do direito do desporto." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UC-Universidade de Coimbra -- -Faculdade de Economia, 1999. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29072.

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8

Nolasco, Carlos Manuel Simões. "Dos pontapés na bola aos pontapés no direito : para um entendimento do direito do desporto." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UC-Universidade de Coimbra -- -Faculdade de Economia, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/9733.

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9

Barber, IV John Letherman. "Application of optimal prediction to molecular dynamics." Berkeley, Calif. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/838987-xpCsPP/native/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.); Submitted to the University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 (US); 1 Dec 2004.
Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "LBNL--56842" Barber IV, John Letherman. USDOE Director. Office of Science. Advanced Scientific Computing Research (US) 12/01/2004. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
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10

Majidpour, Mehdi. "The dynamics of technological catching-up : the case of Iran’s gas turbine industry." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6905/.

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Today, fostering gas-fired power plants is recognised as a significant step towards a low-carbon economy. Gas fired-power plants are favoured over other types of fossil-fuelled power plants due to their various advantages, including lower emissions, flexibility of technology, higher efficiency, short construction times and lower capital investment. The gas turbine is the main machine and the most technologically advanced part of a gas-fired power plant. There have been a limited number of companies in industrialised countries that have developed these sophisticated technologies over the last 50 years. The global market for land-based gas turbines has an oligopolistic structure. The evolution of these technologies has been greatly influenced by countries' government policies, and in particular energy policies. In this light, one question is: to what extent have industrialising countries built their technological capabilities in gas turbines? Consequently, one focus of interest here is the way in which, and the extent to which, industrialising countries have synthesised their indigenous technology development efforts with overseas technology inflows. Countries such as Iran, India and China, which have large and growing domestic electricity markets, are appropriate candidates for research in order to understand the possible technological gaps and associated dynamics between the industrialised and industrialising worlds. To answer these questions, this thesis research deals with Iran's gas turbine industry and, for the first time, systematically examines this industry in the context of a developing country. The study delves deeply into the dynamics of interactions between indigenous technology development and overseas technology inflows. It casts light upon the influences, challenges, and difficulties associated with technological catching-up processes. The framework of the analysis is based on an extensive literature review on technological catch-up, the substitution/complementarity debate, and the gas turbine industry. The framework was operationalized through qualitative interviews as well as supplementary documents. The thesis uses a ‘dynamic approach', and argues that understanding the interaction processes cannot be reduced to examining only the type of relationship between the two technology sources. Instead, far more attention needs to be devoted to analysing the complexity and associated influences on this relationship. The thesis also provides empirical insights into the development of gas turbine capabilities in India and China, the two largest emerging economies. It reveals that a high level of state involvement in developing countries is a prominent feature of the industry. It also demonstrates that the evolution of the industry also in both developed and developing countries is closely interrelated with each country's national energy policies.
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11

Maghribi, M. "Microfabrication of an Implantable silicone Microelectrode array for an epiretinal prosthesis." Washington, D.C : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2003. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/15005780-5uYpbJ/native/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.); Submitted to the Univ. of California, Davis, CA (US); 10 Jun 2003.
Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "UCRL-LR-153347" Maghribi, M. 06/10/2003. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
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12

Sandri, L. "Application of nonparametric pattern recognition algorithms in the characterization and forecasting of geophysical events." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/575.

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In this Ph.D. thesis, I use a multivariate statistical approach to characterize some relevant Geophysical processes. The empirical methods I have chosen are multivariate analysis techniques belonging to the class of Pattern Recognition algorithms. The potentiality of this type of analysis is due to its ability in identifying possible repetitive schemes (patterns) among objects belonging to distinct categories, by extracting information from any possible combination (linear or not) of variables that are supposed to have an influence on the process.
Universita' di Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
Unpublished
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13

D'Alessandro, Antonino. "OBS/H: Uno strumento per lo studio dei processi sismogenetici in aree offshore." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6180.

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Il presente lavoro è frutto di un’intensa attività di ricerca iniziata nel 2005 e condotta in collaborazione con il l’OBS Lab di Gibilmanna dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (Centro Nazionale Terremoti). L’INGV è l’ente nazionale preposto al monitoraggio sismico del territorio italiano. La RSNC-INGV, costituita da oltre 300 stazioni a terra, permette un ottimo monitoraggio delle solo sismicità onshore. I principale obiettivo di tale collaborazione è stata la progettazione, lo sviluppo e il test di una strumentazione tecnologicamente avanzata per il monitoraggio dell’attività sismica sottomarina. Tale attività portata a termine già nel 2006, ha portato alla costruzione di un prototipo di OBS/H (Ocean Bottom Seismometer with Hydrophone), il primo interamente progettato e costruito in Italia. La costruzione di tale OBS/H ha permesso di estendere a mare la RSNC-INGV “allungandone la capacità di veduta, prima corta d’una spanna, ad alcune miglia”. Numerose sono state le campagna oceanografiche che tra il 2006 e il 2010 hanno portato l’OBS Lab di Gibilmanna alla deposizione di diversi OBS/H nel Mediterrraneo. La prima campagna condotta nel luglio del 2006, ha portato alla deposizione del prototipo su una spianata sottomarina del vulcano Marsili. Questo primo esperimento, durato solo 9 giorni, ha permesso di testare il corretto funzionamento del prototipo di OBS/H e di rilevare una intensa attività sismica imputabile al vulcano sottomarino Marsili. Gli eccellenti risultati ottenuti in questa prima campagna, hanno portato al realizzazione di un gruppo di ben 8 OBS/H, utilizzati in numerose campagne oceanografiche successive. Già nel 2007, nell’ambito del progetto NERIES, tre OBS/H furono depositati nell’Ionio Meridionale con l’obbiettivo di monitorare per ben tre anni l’attività sismica poco conosciuta di tale area. Nel 2008, nell’ambito del progetto S5 vengono deposti ben 5 OBS/H, due sul Tirreno e 3 nello Ionio, con l’obbiettivo di infittire a mare la rete di monitoraggio sismico installata tra Messina e Reggio Calabria. A febbraio del 2010 infine sono stati depositati ben 5 OBS/H, lungo una linea perpendicolare allo slab tirrenico ed uno a Nord di Alicudi per contribuire ad una migliore definizione degli epicentri e dei meccanismi focali di alcuni eventi che da mesi interessano quest’area. Il presente lavoro è stato diviso in 5 capitoli; ognuno di questi presenta i risultati di attività di ricerca, che seppure nell’insieme collegate al tema principale del presente lavoro, risultano indipendenti. Nel primo capitolo viene presentato un nuovo metodo per l’analisi delle performance di localizzazione di una rete sismica. Tale metodo denominato SNES (Seismic Networks Evaluation through Simulation) è stato applicato alla RSNC-INGV è ha permesso di individuare area sismogenetiche e ad elevato rischio sismico del territorio italiano non adeguatamente coperte. Inoltre ha permesso di quantificare l’importanza dell’estensione a mare dalla RSNC-INGV tramite OBS/H. Nel secondo capitolo, dopo una breve cronologia che giustifica la necessità da parte dell’INGV di dotarsi di un gruppo di OBS/H, viene descritto dettagliatamente tale stazione sismica sottomarina, motivandone la scelta dei vari strumenti ivi installati e i vari test condotti per verificarne il corretto funzionamento e le prestazioni. Il terzo capitolo mostra i risultati ottenuti dall’analisi dei segnali sismici e di pressione registrati durante le prima campagna svoltasi sul vulcano sottomarino Marsili. Durante tale esperimento sono stati registrati oltre un migliaio di eventi sismici che in questo capitolo sono stati analizzati e classificati mediante strumenti matematici sviluppati in itinere. Il terzo capitolo descrive i risultati delle due campagna svoltesi nell’ambito del progetto NERIES e S5. Tale analisi ha permesso di meglio definire la sismicità dell’area Ionica tramite la localizzazione di numerosi eventi non rilevati dalla rete sismica. Inoltre in tale capitolo viene descritta la campagna PANSTR10 appena conclusasi che ha portato alla deposizione di 5 OBS/H. Infine nel quinto capitolo, saranno descritte alcune attività di ricerca collaterali svoltesi durante il triennio. Esse consistono in numerose campagne di sismica passiva di esplorazione svoltesi nell’ambito di progetti condotti dall’Università di Palermo, per lo studio di alcune strutture profonde nell’area di Paternò e nell’isola di Ischia.
Università degli Studi di Palermo
Published
2.5. Laboratorio per lo sviluppo di sistemi di rilevamento sottomarini
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14

Lanza, Tiziana. "Colfiorito un anno dopo." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5257.

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La tesi è una raccolta di documenti, testimonianze e curiosità sul terremoto che ha colpito l'Italia centrale (Umbria e Marche) a partire dal settembre 1997. Oltre a una divulgazione vera e propria dell'evento sismico così come si è sviluppato nel corso di un anno dalla scossa principale, lo studio focalizza la sua attenzione sulla comunicazione della scienza durante un evento sismico lasciando una testimonianza dell'Italia di ieri alle prese con un'emergenza quando non c'era ancora la consapevolezza di tanti temi cruciali (comunicazione del rischio, psicologia dell'emergenza) accompagnata da una scarsa educazione della popolazione all'evento sismico.
International School for Advanced Studies (Sissa), Trieste
Unpublished
5.8. TTC - Formazione e informazione
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15

Finocchio, Debora. "Modellazione numerica agli elementi finiti per sistemi di faglie potenzialmente sismogenetiche nel territorio italiano, con particolare riferimento alla zona della sequenza sismica umbro-marchigiana del 1997." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8530.

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Lo scopo fondamentale di questo lavoro è l’applicazione delle tecniche di modellazione numerica per lo studio di sistemi di faglie per verificarne il loro potenziale sismogenetico. Determinare quale faglia merita più attenzione, dal punto di vista del rischio sismico, è una questione attualmente ancora dibattuta. Lo confermano, ad esempio, i terremoti di l’Aquila nel 2009 e di Sumatra nel 2004. Inoltre, secondo uno studio di Wyss et al. (2012), il numero di morti causati dai recenti terremoti è da 100 a 1000 volte più elevato rispetto ai valori predetti dalla mappa mondiale di hazard. Le problematiche riguardanti le mappe di hazard dipendono principalmente dal fatto che sono calcolate mediante cataloghi sismici e dati di tipo geologico. Questo comporta un problema dal punto di vista temporale, in quanto i cataloghi sismici registrano eventi che non coprono un intero ciclo sismico, mentre i dati geologici contengono più eventi registrati, ad esempio, dal rigetto superficiale delle faglie. La questione temporale può essere risolta mediante la modellazione numerica che permette di raccordare i dati a lungo e corto periodo. Infatti, tramite la modellazione numerica, è possibile stimare l’evoluzione di una faglia (in superficie e in profondità) nel periodo intersismico e simulare il caso cosismico. Inoltre la modellazione numerica permette di distinguere le faglie bloccate da quelle sbloccate. Questa distinzione fornisce un elemento utile per valutare la possibilità di un’eventuale rottura. Inoltre è possibile stimare lo stress, la deformazione e la velocità di ricarica di un terremoto. Ho applicato la modellazione numerica a tre aree rappresentative del territorio italiano. Partendo dal centro Italia, ho studiato la faglia a basso angolo dell’Altotiberina e la sua relazione con le faglie di Colfiorito e della Valle Umbra. Ho approfondito lo studio delle faglie a basso angolo, analizzando il caso della faglia di Messina (Sud Italia). Infine, ho studiato l’area esterna del sud Alpino (nord Italia), caratterizzata da un sistema compressivo, che comprende il thrust del Montello ed il thrust di Bassano. Ho modellato numericamente ognuna di queste faglie o sistemi di faglie utilizzando diverse condizioni al contorno e parametri reologici in accordo con l’area di studio. I risultati sono stati confrontati con dati di tipo geodetico, geologico e geofisico. E’ stato possibile verificare che, la modellazione numerica fornisce un ottimo sostegno per la modellazione analogica, contribuendo a dare maggiore completezza al risultato e a simulare alcune proprietà dei materiali con grande precisione. Il risultato di un modello numerico varia principalmente al variare delle condizioni al contorno imposte, quindi dalla geometria, dai parametri reologici, e dal tipo di meccanismo utilizzato per riprodurre la deformazione di un’area. I risultati ottenuti in questo lavoro mostrano che la faglia Altotiberina è completamente bloccata al contrario della faglia di Colfiorito e la faglia della Valle Umbra che si muovono in parte come delle faglie sbloccate. Il campo deformativo dell’area sembra essere guidato da una trazione posta alla base della litosfera. Per quanto riguarda il sistema di thrust del Montello, ho potuto verificare che la porzione bloccata del thrust di Bassano ha un grande potenziale sismogenetico rispetto al thrust del Montello e al thrust antitetico al Montello, che risultano sbloccate. Assumendo che l’ampiezza delle faglie bloccate sia proporzionale all’ampiezza del terremoto, è stato possibile stimare la magnitudo massima attesa per ogni porzione di faglia bloccata, calcolata mediante la modellazione numerica. In particolare, la faglia di Bassano e la faglia Altotiberina sembrano avere un forte potenziale sismogenetico, in quanto potrebbe avere una magnitudo massima attesa di circa 7.
Università degli studi di Urbino
Unpublished
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16

Ferrara, G. "Banche dati per le biblioteche di scienze della terra: Georef, Web of Science, Scirus e Google Scholar." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5428.

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Sin dalla loro introduzione, prima in forma cartacea, poi su supporti informatici, per finire alle versioni elettroniche disponibili via web, le banche dati hanno sempre rappresentato uno strumento fondamentale, indispensabile e non sostituibile della ricerca. Non di meno lo sono per i bibliotecari. Questo presupposto ci deve spingere a valorizzare sempre più il servizio di reference e di information retrieval, visto che gli strumenti a nostra disposizione aumentano di giorno in giorno, sia liberamente fruibili che sotto forma di abbonamenti annuali. Oggi le banche dati stanno varcando l’ambito per cui inizialmente erano state create e stanno per entrare in quello della valutazione della ricerca. In questo lavoro si prendono in considerazione quelle banche dati e quei motori di ricerca specialistici che oramai sono di utilizzo quotidiano in una biblioteca di scienze della terra. In particolare ci si riferirà a: Georef, Web of Science, Scirus e Google Scholar. Il lavoro inizia analizzando storicamente sia le banche dati che i motori di ricerca specialistici, per comprendere la loro natura e le motivazioni alla base della loro creazione. Si procede poi affrontando il tema della qualità del recupero dell’informazione presentata, per finire con l’analisi comparativa delle citazioni ricevute dai record estratti.
Università degli studi di Roma“La Sapienza” Scuola Speciale Archivisti e Bibliotecari
Unpublished
5.8. TTC - Biblioteche ed editoria
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17

Amici, Stefania. "Calibration and validation (Cal/Val) of Remote Sensing data and spectral characterization of volcanic rocks." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6761.

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A calibration method has been applied on satellite data in the visible infrared spectral range from which spectral reflectance and emissivity may be retrieved. This dissertation describes the steps needed for multispectral/hyperspectral data calibration and a number of algorithms for reflectance and emissivity retrieval. The methodology is applied to retrieve reflectance and emissivity of volcano Teide and is validated through a comparison with “ground truth”. The “ground truth” spectra have been acquired during a field campaign carried on September 2007. As application of calibrated-validated data, the classification of the volcano Teide and the temperature map are discussed.
Università di Parma
Published
1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
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Amici, Stefania. "Calibration and validation (CAL/VAL) of Remote Sensing data and spectral characterization of volcanic rocks." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8827.

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A calibration method has been applied on satellite data in the visible infrared spectral range from which spectral reflectance and emissivity may be retrieved. This dissertation describes the steps needed for multispectral/hyperspectral data calibration and a number of algorithms for reflectance and emissivity retrieval. The methodology is applied to retrieve reflectance and emissivity of volcano Teide and is validated through a comparison with “ground truth”. The “ground truth” spectra have been acquired during a field campaign carried on September 2007. As application of calibrated-validated data, the classification of the volcano Teide and the temperature map are discussed.
Università di Parma
Unpublished
1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
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19

Pastori, Marina. "crustal fracturing field and presence of fluid as revealed by seismic anisotropy: case-histories from seismogenic areas in the Apennines." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7970.

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During the last decades, the study of seismic anisotropy has provided useful information for the interpretation and evaluation of the stress field and active crustal deformation. Seismic anisotropy can yield valuable information on upper crustal structure, fracture field, and presence of fluid-saturated rocks crossed by shear waves. Several studies worldwide demonstrate that seismic anisotropy is related to stress-aligned, filled-fluid micro-cracks (EDA model, Crampin et al., 1984b; Crampin, 1993). The seismic anisotropy is an almost ubiquitous property of the Earth and the Shear Wave Splitting is the most unambiguous indicator of anisotropy, but the automatic estimation of the splitting parameters is difficult because the effect of the anisotropy on a seismogram is a second order, not easily detectable effect. Different researchers developed automated techniques aimed to study the Shear Wave Splitting: in this study, the results of different codes are compared in order to evaluate the best method for automatic anisotropy evaluation. In the last three years, an automatic analysis code, “Anisomat+”, was developed, tested and improved to calculate the anisotropic parameters: fast polarization direction () and delay time (∂t). “Anisomat+” consists of a set of MatLab scripts able to retrieve automatically crustal anisotropy parameters from three-component seismic recordings of local earthquakes. It needs waveforms and hypocentral parameters in the format routinely archived by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV). The code uses horizontal component cross-correlation method: a mathematical algorithm aimed to measure the similarity of the pulse shape between two shear waves. Anisomat+ has been compared to other two automatic analysis codes (SPY and SHEBA) and tested on three zones of the Apennines (Val d’Agri, Tiber Valley and L’Aquila surroundings). It was observed that, if the number of measures is large enough, at each station the average values of the parameters (fast direction and delay time) are comparable. The main goal in developing of an automatic code was to have tool able to work on a big amount of data, in a short time, by reducing the errors due to the subjectivity. These two acquirements are very useful and are the basis to develop a quasi real-time monitoring of the anisotropic parameters. The anisotropic parameters, resulting from the automatic computation, have been interpreted to determine the fracture field geometries; for each area, I defined the dominant fast direction and the intensity of the anisotropy, interpreting these results in the light of the geological and structural setting and of two anisotropic interpretative models, proposed in the literature. In the first one, proposed by Zinke and Zoback (2000), the local stress field and cracks are aligned by tectonics phases and are not necessarily related to the presently active stress field. Therefore the anisotropic parameters variations are only space-dependent. In the second, EDA model (Crampin, 1993), and its development in the APE model (Zatsepin and Crampin, 1995) fluid-filled micro-cracks are aligned or ‘opened’ by the active stress field and the variation of the stress field might be related to the evolution of the pore pressure in time; therefore in this case the variation of the anisotropic parameters are both space- and time- dependent. I recognized that the average of fast directions, in the three selected areas, are oriented NW-SE, in agreement with the orientation of the active stress field, as suggested by the EDA model, proposed by Crampin (1993), but also, by the proposed by Zinke and Zoback model; in fact, NW-SE direction corresponds also to the strike of the main fault structures in the three study regions. The mean values of the magnitude of the normalized delay time range from 0.005 s/km to 0.007 s/km and to 0.009 s/km, respectively for the L'Aquila (AQU) area, the High Tiber Valley (ATF) and the Val d'Agri (VA), suggesting a 3-4% of crustal anisotropy (Piccinini et al., 2006). In each area are also examined the spatial and temporal distribution of anisotropic parameters, which lead to some innovative observations, listed below. o The higher values of normalized delay times have been observed in those zones where most of the seismic events occur. This aspect was further investigated, by evaluating the average seismic rate, in a time period, between years 2005 and 2010, longer than the lapse of time, analyzed in the anisotropic studies. This comparison has highlighted that the value of the normalised delay time is larger where the seismicity rate is higher. o In the Alto Tiberina Fault area the higher values of normalised delay time are not only related to the presence of a high seismicity rate but also to the presence of a tectonically doubled carbonate succession. Therefore, also the lithology, plays a important role in hosting and preserving the micro-fracture network responsible for the anisotropic field. o The observed temporal variations of anisotropic parameters, have been observed and related to the fluctuation of pore fluid pressure at depth possibly induced by different mechanisms in the different regions, for instance, changes in the water table level in Val D’Agri (Valoroso et al., GJI submitted), occurrence of the April 6th Mw=6.1 earthquake in L’Aquila (Lucente et al., 2010). Since these variations have been recognized, it is possible to affirm that the models that better fit my results, both in term of fast directions and of delay times, seems to be those proposed by Crampin (1993) and Zatsepin & Crampin (1995), respectively EDA and APE models.
Università degli studi di Perugia
Published
1.11. TTC - Osservazioni e monitoraggio macrosismico del territorio nazionale
3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
3.2. Tettonica attiva
3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
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20

Ludwig, Dorothea. "Methodenentwicklung zur GIS-gestützten Standortanalyse von Solaranlagen auf Grundlage hochauflösender Laserscandaten." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2016030814307.

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Ziel der Arbeit ist die Methodenentwicklung zur Berechnung des Solarenergiepotenzials auf Dachflächen für sämtliche Gebäude eines großen Gebiets (Stadt, Landkreis) auf Grundlage von Laserscandaten. Die Methode zur Solarpotenzialberechnung wurde mit dem Hintergrund des notwendigen Handlungsbedarfs an Maßnahmen für den Klimaschutz entwickelt. Die Ausgabe des Solarpotenzials auf Dachflächen für alle Gebäude einer Verwaltungseinheit liefert flächendeckende und neutrale Informationen für den Bürger und die Verwaltung. Insbesondere die solare Nutzung auf den keiner Flächenkonkurrenz unterliegenden Dachflächen birgt enormes Potenzial und liefert einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Energiewende. Das Ergebnis dieser Arbeit präsentiert eine Methode, über die eine automatisierte Berechnung des Solarpotenzials auf Dachflächen auf Basis von Laserscandaten mit hoher Genauigkeitsausgabe für große Region realisierbar ist. Die Methode besteht aus sechs Prozessschritten. Es handelt sich um die Datenaufbereitung, die Selektion der homogenen Dachteilflächenbereiche, die Einstrahlungsanalyse, die Verschattungsableitung und die Berechnung des Solarpotenzials. Zudem wird eine Rohdatenkontrolle zur Qualitätsbewertung der Laserscandaten umgesetzt. Zentraler Verfahrensschritt ist die Ableitung der homogenen Dachteilflächen, die unter Berücksichtigung möglichst vieler auch kleiner Dachstrukturen gebildet werden. Das entwickelte Mehrfach-Thresholding Verfahren ermöglicht über die Auswertung der Dachneigung und Dachausrichtung die Separierung von planaren Dachteilflächen. Über den r.sun Algorithmus von GRASS GIS wird die Einstrahlungsanalyse umgesetzt, die den Sonnenstand über den Tag und das Jahr für den Betrachtungsort simuliert und die direkte, diffuse und Globalstrahlung auf die Dachfläche für unterschiedliche Zeitperioden ausgeben lässt. Die Jahressumme der Globalstrahlung wird für jede Dachteilfläche unter Ausschluss stark verschatteter Bereiche errechnet und dient als Grundlage für die Potenzialberechnung. Im Ergebnis enthält jedes Dachteilflächenpolygon Angaben zur geeigneten Modulfläche, zur Höhe der Globalstrahlung, zum potenziellen Stromertrag, zur potenziellen kW-Leistung und zur CO2-Einsparsumme. Datengrundlage sind Laserscandaten, die die Oberflächensituation mit sämtlichen Strukturen abbilden, sowie Gebäudeumringe aus den Liegenschaftsdaten zur Lokalisierung des Gebäudes beziehungsweise des Daches. Laserscandaten eignen sich, abhängig von der Qualität, sehr gut, um im Modell den Betrachtungs- und Einflussraum, der für die Ausgabe des Solarpotenzials auf Dachflächen wichtig ist, flächendeckend und realitätsnah abzubilden. Hier sind insbesondere das Dach insgesamt und die Dachstrukturen sowie die Vegetation, insbesondere Bäume und die Umgebungstopographie die wichtigen Elemente, die flächendeckend und in möglichst hoher Auflösung im Modell vorliegen und berücksichtigt werden sollen, da sie möglicherweise die ertragreiche und wirtschaftliche Nutzung einer Solaranalage verhindern. Über eine rasterbasierte Modellierung ermöglichen diese Daten die Berechnung der Standortparameter wie Dachneigung, Dachausrichtung, Verschattung, Einstrahlungsenergie und Dachflächengröße. An die Laserscandaten werden bestimmte qualitative Anforderungen gestellt, um eine Genauigkeit der Potenzialwerte zu garantieren. Das relativ junge Verfahren wurde in den vergangenen Jahren stark weiter entwickelt, die Lage- und Höhengenauigkeit und Punktdichte wurden deutlich erhöht. Zahlreiche Laserscandatensätze unterschiedlicher Qualität wurden ausgewertet. Die Arbeit beschreibt Mindestanforderungen an die Qualität der Daten, die für eine hohe Qualitätsausgabe des Solarpotenzials benötigt werden. Die Genauigkeit der Solarpotenzialergebnisse wurden über Gebäudepläne realer Objekte, Vor-Ort Messungen und Erträge von bestehenden PV-Anlagen evaluiert. Erzielbare Abweichungen von 2% in der Neigung und 1% in der Ausrichtung sind über die entwickelte Methode auf Grundlage von Laserscandaten mit ausreichender Qualität erreichbar. Größere Abweichungen mit 6% Prozent wurden bei der Dachflächengröße errechnet. Die Bewertung über Referenzanlagen und dessen spezifischem Stromertrag lieferte eine Abweichung von 1,2%. Die Evaluierungsergebnisse bestätigen den Methodenansatz und liefern gute Resultate in der Genauigkeit der Solarpotenzialwerte.
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21

Piatanesi, A. "Caractérisation des sources sismiques par étude des tsunamis." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5284.

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Tsunamis are gravity waves propagating at the ocean surface: they are characterized by wavelengths that may vary from 10 to several hundred of km and by periods from 5 to 45 minutes. Tsunamis are generated, in most cases, by earthquakes that produce large vertical displacement of the ocean bottom and, less frequently, by submarine landslide and by volcanic explosions. The aim of this thesis is to show that tsunami modeling and observation can give complementary information on the tsunamigenic seismic source. The different phases of a tsunami (i.e. generation, propagation and impact on the coast) are modeled by means of numerical methods (both finite-elements and finite- differences) that solves the shallow water equations. The simulations of several tsunamis, for which observations are available, show that tsunami data (even of qualitative type) are able to constrain the epicenter, the orientation of the fault plane and the co-seismic slip distribution. Direct simulations allow us to validate source models for the Gargano 1627, Sicily 1693, Calabria 1783 and Messina 1908 (southern Italy) historical tsunamis. Furthermore we developed an inversion method, that makes use of near-field run-up heights measured after the event, to determine the co-seismic slip distribution on the source fault: we applied this method to the 1992 Nicaragua and to 1908 Messina (southern Italy) tsunamis. Finally, through the study of the last catastrophic tsunami, occurred in Papua New Guinea on July 17 1998, we propose a methodology that, by means of run-up data solely, allows for the determination of the position, dimensions and amplitude of the source.
INSTITUT PHYSIQUE DU GLOBE DE PARIS
Published
3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
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22

Nagel, Dominik. "The condition number of Vandermonde matrices and its application to the stability analysis of a subspace method." Doctoral thesis, 2021. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-202103194121.

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This thesis consists of two main parts. First of all, the condition number of rectangular Vandermonde matrices with nodes on the complex unit circle is studied. The first time quantitative bounds for the extreme singular values are proven in the multivariate setting and when nodes of the Vandermonde matrix form clusters. In the second part, an optimized presentation of the deterministic stability analysis of the subspace method ESPRIT is given and results from the first part are applied.
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23

Grassa, F. "Geochemical processes governing the chemistry of groundwater hosted within the Hyblean aquifers." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/416.

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A raingauge network made of six stations was installed in the Hyblean region. Stations were located at different altitudes (from 5 m to 986 m a.s.l.) and along two directions (E-W and SW-NE). Rainwater samples were monthly collected for stable isotope measurements. Spatial distribution of rainwater isotope composition has confirmed the wet air masses move from South-East/South-West toward North. Water balance has highlighted that the annual volume of infiltrating waters is in the range of 1-1.5 *105 m3 Km-2. 82 well waters and 12 spring waters located within the Hyblean Plateau (South-Estern Sicily), were also collected from 1999 to 2001 during several surveys for chemical (major,minor and trace elements) analyses. Water chemistry allowed to identify two main aquifers: the first aquifer hosted within sedimentary rocks is characterized by earthalkaline bicarbonate waters, while the second aquifer, located within the volcanic deposits (mainly towards North- North-East) is characterized by groundwaters evolving from earthalkaline bicarbonate water-type towards a Na-HCO3-type. A slightly anomaly in water temperature (24-28°C) have been identified along the northern margin, while the lower Eh values have been recorded along the M.Lauro-Scicli and the Hyblean Malta Escarpment fault systems. Isotope composition of groundwaters has suggested the occurrence of evaporative processes during soil infiltration having a dD/d18O slope close to 4.5. Chemical and isotope composition of dissolved gases (d13CTDIC, d13CCH4, 3He/4He) have revealed, as expected, that deeply-derived gases rise along the main tectonic discontinuities. Chemical and isotope analyses of dissolved carbon have revealed the existence of two sampling sites (NA and FE samples) attesting the interaction between groundwaters and a consistent amount of deep inorganic carbon dioxide. He isotope ratios (from 0.81Ra to 6.19 Ra) have revealed the occurrence of mixing process, in different proportions, between crustal and mantle components. On the base of the obtained results, a clear picture of the groundwaters circulation within the Hyblean aquifers has been drawn. In framework of projecting of a geochemical network for the continuous monitoring of the local seismic activity the most suitable geochemical parameters and the sites of great interest have been identified.
- Unione Europea Fondo Sociale Europeo; - Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica; - Università degli studi di Palermo
Published
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24

Scandura, Danila. "Physical-Mathematical modeling and numerical simulations of stress-strain state in seismic and volcanic regions." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5952.

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The strain-stress state generated by faulting or cracking and influenced by the strong heterogeneity of the internal earth structure precedes and accompanies volcanic and seismic activity. Particularly, volcanic eruptions are the culmination of long and complex geophysical processes and physical processes which involve the generation of magmas in the mantle or in the lower crust, its ascent to shallower levels, its storage and differentiation in shallow crustal chambers, and, finally, its eruption at the Earth’s surface. Instead, earthquakes are a frictional stick-slip instability arising along pre-existing faults within the brittle crust of the Earth. Long-term tectonic plate motion causes stress to accumulate around faults until the frictional strength of the fault is exceeded. The study of these processes has been traditionally carried out through different geological disciplines, such as petrology, structural geology, geochemistry or sedimentology. Nevertheless, during the last two decades, the development of physical of earth as well as the introduction of new powerful numerical techniques has progressively converted geophysics into a multidisciplinary science. Nowadays, scientists with very different background and expertises such as geologist, physicists, chemists, mathematicians and engineers work on geophysics. As any multidisciplinary field, it has been largely benefited from these collaborations. The different ways and procedures to face the study of volcanic and seismic phenomena do not exclude each other and should be regarded as complementary. Nowadays, numerical modeling in volcanology covers different pre-eruptive, eruptive and post-eruptive aspects of the general volcanic phenomena. Among these aspects, the pre-eruptive process, linked to the continuous monitoring, is of special interest because it contributes to evaluate the volcanic risk and it is crucial for hazard assessment, eruption prediction and risk mitigation at volcanic unrest. large faults. The knowledge of the actual activity state of these sites is not only an academic topic but it has crucial importance in terms of public security and eruption and earthquake forecast. However, numerical simulation of volcanic and seismic processes have been traditionally developed introducing several simplifications: homogeneous half-space, flat topography and elastic rheology. These simplified assumptions disregards effects caused by topography, presence of medium heterogeneity and anelastic rheology, while they could play an important role in Moreover, frictional sliding of a earthquake generates seismic waves that travel through the earth, causing major damage in places nearby to the modeling procedure This thesis presents mathematical modeling and numerical simulations of volcanic and seismic processes. The subject of major interest has been concerned on the developing of mathematical formulations to describe seismic and volcanic process. The interpretation of geophysical parameters requires numerical models and algorithms to define the optimal source parameters which justify observed variations. In this work we use the finite element method that allows the definition of real topography into the computational domain, medium heterogeneity inferred from seismic tomography study and the use of complex rheologies. Numerical forward method have been applied to obtain solutions of ground deformation expected during volcanic unrest and post-seismic phases, and an automated procedure for geodetic data inversion was proposed for evaluating slip distribution along surface rupture.
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Catania
Unpublished
3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
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25

Venuti, A. "Variability of the climatic antarctic system during the Plio-Pleistocene: Paleomagnetism contribution." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3803.

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In the framework of a gradual global warming, which is one of the topic of major interest in the recent years and which importance is resumed in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is important the study of the variability of the Earth’s system at the high latitudes i.e., in Artic and Antarctic areas, because these are the regions more sensitive to climatic changes. The possibility to study marine sedimentary sequences from Antarctica thus represented an important opportunity to investigate such climatic variability. Cold water mass formation in the Southern Ocean is involved in the global thermohaline circulation (THC) through the convection and inter-ocean exchanges of surface, intermediate and bottom waters. This work focus on the study of marine sequences cores from mid-high latitudes from strategic locations far and near the continental margin of Antarctica: (1) ANTA 95-157 (62°05.95'S) and ANTA 96-16 (66°20.09'S) cores are a long transect from New Zealand and Ross Sea slightly south of the present day Polar Front and the Pacific Antarctic Ridge, respectively; (2) MD97-2114 (42°22.32'S) core is on the northern side of Chatham Rise, east of New Zealand; (3) ODP Site 1166 (67°41.77'S) and 1167 (66°24.01'S) are in Prydz Bay continental shelf and slope, respectively. It has been provided a detailed magnetostratigraphy of the sequences and have been investigated magnetic proxies, which reflect variations in mineralogy, grain-size, and concentration of the magnetic fraction. Environmental magnetic data, along with the chronology derived by the magnetostratigraphy, provided an important contribution to our understanding of environmental and climate changes during the time intervals here examined. The cores ANTA and MD97-2114 span the shift from predominant 41-ka to predominant 100-ka glaciation cycles at around 1.0–0.9 Ma, (the Mid-Pleistocene Climate Transition (MPT)) that was centered at 922±12 ka and lasted about 40±9 ka. The amplitude of the 100-ka cycle abruptly increased much later on, at 641±9 ka. The transition was accompanied by an increase in 18O and decrease in 13C but the causes may be many and further information about changes in global ice volume during this period needed. In this core it has been found evidence of orbital influence on sedimentary processes. The core MD97-2114 records long-term variation of the upper Circumpolar Deep Water component of the Deep Western Boundary Current and manifests a stepwise modification of the THC during the transition. ODP Site 1166 and 1167 provide a record of the process involved in the story of the glacial expansion and retreat of the ice at the margin of the continent in Prydz Bay during the Plio-Pleistocene. Preliminary results from SEDANO cores shows downcore variations in concentration, mineralogy, and grain-size of magnetic minerals. In particular, there is a relative increase of moderate coercivity respect to low-coercivity minerals (magnetite) during glacials and a millennial scale variability of the magnetic grain size characterizes the last glacial (core SED 12 and 13) and it may be related to changes in the bottom current velocity.
INGV
Unpublished
2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
reserved
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26

Ladina, Chiara. "INFORMATION FROM SEISMIC AMBIENT NOISE: TECHNIQUES TO INVESTIGATE GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/7961.

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Questa ricerca si propone come spunto per approfondire la conoscenza delle caratteristiche del noise sismico ambientale attraverso osservazioni di dati sperimentali. L’utilizzo di registrazioni di noise sismico ambientale è funzionale alla conoscenza del segnale che si sta trattando e alla strumentazione impiegata. Le prime informazioni per quanto riguarda l’analisi del noise riguardano la sua origine e la sua natura. Inoltre il segnale sismico ambientale riguarda un’ampia banda di frequenze, la quale potrebbe non essere intercettata completamente da un sensore sismico oppure con ampiezze così ridotte da non essere riprodotte dal sistema di registrazione (per limiti di fabbricazione dello strumento). Quindi prima di effettuare una qualsiasi indagine di noise sismico ambientale è necessario saper scegliere la giusta strumentazione. Lo strumento deve poter rappresentare le frequenze volute e restituire il segnale. Ad oggi gli strumenti hanno un elevato livello tecnologico tale da poter registrare il segnale generato da un sensore sollecitato dal moto del terreno. Alle registrazioni dei terremoti si sovrappongono registrazioni di altri segnali che hanno differenti origine e che degradano la qualità della traccia sismica. Questo tipo di segnale che interferisce con la registrazione di un terremoto è definito rumore: ‘noise’. Recentemente, per alcune applicazioni sismologiche si è preferito utilizzare rumore sismico ambientale rispetto a registrazioni di terremoti. Il noise è generato da sorgenti che immettono energia nel terreno che tende a propagarsi sotto forma di onde. Il noise generalmente produce vibrazioni continue del terreno dette microtremori (Okada, 2003). In zone urbanizzate le sorgenti del noise possono essere un qualsiasi strumento meccanico che interagisce col terreno. Questo noise è definito antropico, cioè causato dall’attività dell’uomo, ed ha contenuto in frequenza a partire da circa 1 Hz. Il noise ambientale, invece, non viene percepito dall’uomo ed è prodotto da sorgenti naturali a frequenze più basse (0.1-1 Hz). I microtremori sono utilizzati comunemente in sismologia in quanto lo studio dell’origine e sulla natura del rumore sismico sono stati approfonditi. Quindi il noise sismico viene ricercato ed utilizzato per molti studi; esso è composto da diversi tipi di onde elastiche: onde di Rayleigh e Love, che forniscono informazioni anche di tipo geologico sul sottosuolo. La situazione più semplice che permette lo studio delle onde è 1D, in questo caso la velocità delle onde di taglio è un parametro fondamentale (Vs). questo parametro può essere individuato attraverso metodi come SASW (Spectral Analysis of Superficial Waves), processi di inversione permettono di ricavare profili di velocità. Utilizzando le tecniche dei rapporti spettrali, è possibile determinare l’amplificazione delle ordinate spettrali del moto orizzontale di un sito rispetto ad uno di riferimento (SSR, Standard Spectral Ratio: Borcherdt, 1970), oppure è possibile calcolare la funzione di trasferimento attraverso il rapporto tra lo spettro della componente orizzontale del moto rispetto a quella verticale (HVSR, Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio: Lermo and Chavez-Garcia, 1993). Tali tecniche necessitano di un buon rapporto segnale/disturbo in modo da rappresentare le proprietà medie del mezzo di propagazione. Lo studio delle strutture geologiche locali e superficiali è legato al fatto che esse siano la causa determinante degli ‘effetti di sito’ generati dalla propagazione delle onde di un terremoto in prossimità della superficie terrestre. Studi di forti terremoti hanno evidenziato nel tempo come le caratteristiche geologiche superficiali possono determinare amplificazioni e prolungamento della sollecitazione del moto sismico del terreno. L’entità dei danni subiti in alcune aree poste all’interno di bacini sedimentari ha dato un forte impulso agli studi di microzonazione con lo scopo di ridurre e mitigare il rischio sismico. Gli effetti di sito sono legati alla topografia superficiale del substrato affiorante o sommerso, presenza di sedimenti soffici e presenza di forti discontinuità laterali. Le maggiori amplificazioni sono state osservate su stratificazioni sedimentarie tipo bacini lacustri o valli riempite di sedimenti alluvionali (Bindi et al., 2001, Shapiro et al. 2001; Boore, 2004). L’applicazione di tecniche per ottenere informazioni sulle caratteristiche geologiche e geotecniche, utili per gli effetti di sito, incontra problemi pratici quando gli esperimenti vengono effettuati in zone altamente urbanizzate. Queste difficoltà pratiche sono state superate utilizzando metodi basati sullo studio dei microtremori, i quali sempre presenti in ogni momento, hanno un ampio contenuto in frequenza e sono composti principalmente da onde superficiali. Con i microtremori è possibile ottenere informazioni sui periodi dei picchi di amplificazione (tecnica dei rapporti spettrali di Nakamaura: Nakamura, 1989), mentre attraverso tecniche in array vengono ricavate le curve di dispersione per ottenere profili di velocità degli strati geologici superficiali. La raccolta dei dati utilizzati in questa ricerca è stata svolta in questi tre anni di lavoro. I dati sono stati reperiti attraverso campagne sismiche di misura con lo scopo di apprendere le modalità di acquisizione del dato direttamente sul campo. Le campagne di misure sono state eseguite a seguito del terremoto de L’Aquila del 6 Aprile 2009. Questo tipo di attività è stato eseguito con l’ausilio di stazioni sismiche velocimetriche ed accelerometriche disponibili della Sezione di Milano dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV-MI) nell’ambito dell’attività di microzonazione svolta con il Dipartimento di Protezione Civile (DPC). In particolare sempre a causa del terremoto del 6 Aprile uno studio particolare è stato richiesto per il paese di Castelvecchio Subequo. Questo centro abitato sorge a 40 km di distanza della zona epicentrale ma ha riscontrato un elevato livello di danno ritenuto elevato per la distanza del centro dall’epicentro del terremoto. Il paese come molti altri vicini ha subito un differente livello di danno tra la zona centrale, nonché parte più storica del paese e la zona relativamente più moderna. Una caratteristica specifica di questo centro è inoltre la conformazione geologica e morfologica del rilievo sul quale è costruito. Infatti, la litologia è caratterizzata da un diverso grado di fratturazione lungo la sua dorsale. A questo scopo due diverse campagne di misura per registrare il noise sismico sono state eseguite. La prima ha interessato la parte abitata del paese con maggior attenzione per la parte storica e la seconda uno studio più approfondito delle caratteristiche geologiche della formazione rocciosa e la relativa risposta sismica. La prima parte ha portato ad eseguire misure nella parte centrale e sul lato orientale ed occidentale del paese. Questo ha permesso di verificare la diversa amplificazione nelle varie parti del paese. Inoltre alcune misure sono state svolte anche in rilievi di interessi pubblico, come ad esempio la scuola elementare e vicino alla Chiesa. La seconda parte ha permesso di caratterizzare i pinnacoli che si trovano alla fine del paese e che coincidono con la parte finale del centro storico. Su queste strutture sono state eseguite misure di noise sismico alla base e in sommità. Queste misure hanno mostrato che queste strutture non hanno nessun tipo di amplificazione e che quindi i danni all’interno del paese sono dati da una concomitanza di caratteristiche geologiche e morfologiche insieme. Visto la particolare posizione del paese si è anche installata una rete di monitoraggio composta da tre stazioni: una sulle pendici del Monte Urano, una alla base e una installata su roccia nella parte finale del centro storico. Il M. Urano si trova vicino all’abitato di Castelvecchio Subequo. Questa attività di monitoraggio ha permesso di verificare il diverso grado di amplificazione. È risultata maggiormente amplificata la componente orizzontale registrata nel centro storico. Un’attività parallela, ma sempre riguardante campagne di misure sismica, si è svolta nella conca Subequana. Lo scopo di questa attività è stato quello di ricostruire attraverso osservazioni geologiche, del gruppo geologico che stava studiando l’area, e analisi di registrazioni sismiche l’ipotetico andamento in profondità del substrato roccioso. Le osservazioni geologiche hanno evidenziato diverse litologie per l’area e un graduale passaggio da una formazione rocciosa a sedimenti proprio nella zona della conca. Il passaggio dalla formazione rocciosa ai sedimenti sarebbe poi marcato da un segmento della faglia della conca Subequana. Le indagini geofisiche e geologiche si sono ritrovate concordi sui relativi risultati e hanno permesso di ipotizzare l’approfondimento della valle. In questa attività di campagna i dati sono stati reperiti direttamente sul terreno ed in seguito sono stati analizzati con la tecnica Horizontal to Vertical Spectra Ratio (HVSR), utilizzata sia per quanto riguarda il noise che per le registrazioni dei terremoti della rete temporanea di monitoraggio. L’analisi del dato, il suo processamento ha interessato maggiormente la seconda fase del lavoro. In questa fase il reperimento di dati è stato eseguito direttamente presso la sede di Ancona del Centro Nazionale Terremoti (CNT). I dati in questo caso sono stati analizzati a partire dal loro formato originale, in questo caso MSEED, fino alla trasformazione nel formato richiesto per eseguire le analisi. In particolare ci si è interessati dell’area dell’Alto Val Tiberina una zona a confine tra Umbria-Marche. Quest’area, ritenuta sede ci continua attività sismica, è monitorata da una rete di monitoraggio che permette di raccogliere i dati in continuo. Questi dati possono essere reperiti presso la Sede di Ancona, dove vengono archiviati e una parte di questi viene inviata al centro acquisizione di Roma del CNT. Questi dati sono stati processati attraverso il calcolo delle cross-correlazioni utilizzando la tecnica Multi Window Cross-Spectrum (MWCS) per la prima volta eseguita da Poupinet et al. (1984). L’utilizzo di questa tecnica ha permesso di ottenere variazioni di velocità dell’area interessata confrontando i dati con l’attività sismica della zone e la possibile influenza di microsismi nelle variazioni riscontrate. Quindi una parte importante e considerevole di questo lavoro è stata l’esperienza acquisita durante l’attività di campo per l’installazione delle stazioni sismiche, la loro manutenzione e la consistente attività di processamento con l’applicazione di procedure di conversione dai dati originali in dati utili per le analisi.
Università degli Studi di Genova
Published
1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
open
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27

"Proceedings of the tenth international conference Models in developing mathematics education." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-79236.

Full text
Abstract:
This volume contains the papers presented at the International Conference on “Models in Developing Mathematics Education” held from September 11-17, 2009 at The University of Applied Sciences, Dresden, Germany. The Conference was organized jointly by The University of Applied Sciences and The Mathematics Education into the 21st Century Project - a non-commercial international educational project founded in 1986. The Mathematics Education into the 21st Century Project is dedicated to the improvement of mathematics education world-wide through the publication and dissemination of innovative ideas. Many prominent mathematics educators have supported and contributed to the project, including the late Hans Freudental, Andrejs Dunkels and Hilary Shuard, as well as Bruce Meserve and Marilyn Suydam, Alan Osborne and Margaret Kasten, Mogens Niss, Tibor Nemetz, Ubi D’Ambrosio, Brian Wilson, Tatsuro Miwa, Henry Pollack, Werner Blum, Roberto Baldino, Waclaw Zawadowski, and many others throughout the world. Information on our project and its future work can be found on Our Project Home Page http://math.unipa.it/~grim/21project.htm It has been our pleasure to edit all of the papers for these Proceedings. Not all papers are about research in mathematics education, a number of them report on innovative experiences in the classroom and on new technology. We believe that “mathematics education” is fundamentally a “practicum” and in order to be “successful” all new materials, new ideas and new research must be tested and implemented in the classroom, the real “chalk face” of our discipline, and of our profession as mathematics educators. These Proceedings begin with a Plenary Paper and then the contributions of the Principal Authors in alphabetical name order. We sincerely thank all of the contributors for their time and creative effort. It is clear from the variety and quality of the papers that the conference has attracted many innovative mathematics educators from around the world. These Proceedings will therefore be useful in reviewing past work and looking ahead to the future.
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28

"Turning dreams into reality: transformations and paradigm shifts in mathematics education." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-79243.

Full text
Abstract:
This volume contains the papers presented at the International Conference on “Turning Dreams into Reality: Transformations and Paradigm Shifts in Mathematics Education” held from September 11-17, 2011 at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa. The Conference was organized jointly by Rhodes University and The Mathematics Education into the 21st Century Project - an international educational project founded in 1986. Our Project is dedicated to the improvement of mathematics education world-wide through the publication and dissemination of innovative ideas. Many prominent mathematics educators have supported and contributed to the project, including the late Hans Freudental, Andrejs Dunkels and Hilary Shuard, as well as Bruce Meserve and Marilyn Suydam, Alan Osborne and Margaret Kasten, Mogens Niss, Tibor Nemetz, Ubi D’Ambrosio, Brian Wilson, Tatsuro Miwa, Henry Pollack, Werner Blum, Roberto Baldino, Waclaw Zawadowski, and many others throughout the world. Information on our project and its future work can be found on our Project home page http://math.unipa.it/~grim/21project.htm . In this year, 2011, we celebrate the 25th anniversary of the founding of our Project, when Manmohan Singh Arora suggested the idea to Fayez Mina and myself around a swimming pool in Bahrain (of all places!) That first meeting was, however, typical of the multi-cultured and global character of our Project and it’s subsequent conferences throughout the world. These Proceedings begin with the Plenary Papers and then the other contributions in alphabetical name order of the principal authors. We sincerely thank all of the contributors for their time and creative effort. It is clear from the variety and quality of the papers that the conference has attracted many innovative mathematics educators from around the world.
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29

Paditz, Ludwig, and Alan Rogerson. "Proceedings of the tenth international conference Models in developing mathematics education: September 11 - 17, 2009, Dresden, Saxony, Germany." 2009. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A1658.

Full text
Abstract:
This volume contains the papers presented at the International Conference on “Models in Developing Mathematics Education” held from September 11-17, 2009 at The University of Applied Sciences, Dresden, Germany. The Conference was organized jointly by The University of Applied Sciences and The Mathematics Education into the 21st Century Project - a non-commercial international educational project founded in 1986. The Mathematics Education into the 21st Century Project is dedicated to the improvement of mathematics education world-wide through the publication and dissemination of innovative ideas. Many prominent mathematics educators have supported and contributed to the project, including the late Hans Freudental, Andrejs Dunkels and Hilary Shuard, as well as Bruce Meserve and Marilyn Suydam, Alan Osborne and Margaret Kasten, Mogens Niss, Tibor Nemetz, Ubi D’Ambrosio, Brian Wilson, Tatsuro Miwa, Henry Pollack, Werner Blum, Roberto Baldino, Waclaw Zawadowski, and many others throughout the world. Information on our project and its future work can be found on Our Project Home Page http://math.unipa.it/~grim/21project.htm It has been our pleasure to edit all of the papers for these Proceedings. Not all papers are about research in mathematics education, a number of them report on innovative experiences in the classroom and on new technology. We believe that “mathematics education” is fundamentally a “practicum” and in order to be “successful” all new materials, new ideas and new research must be tested and implemented in the classroom, the real “chalk face” of our discipline, and of our profession as mathematics educators. These Proceedings begin with a Plenary Paper and then the contributions of the Principal Authors in alphabetical name order. We sincerely thank all of the contributors for their time and creative effort. It is clear from the variety and quality of the papers that the conference has attracted many innovative mathematics educators from around the world. These Proceedings will therefore be useful in reviewing past work and looking ahead to the future.
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30

Paditz, Ludwig, and Alan Rogerson. "Turning dreams into reality: transformations and paradigm shifts in mathematics education: Proceedings of the eleventh international conference; September 11 - 17, 2011; Rhodes University, Grahamstown." 2011. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A1659.

Full text
Abstract:
This volume contains the papers presented at the International Conference on “Turning Dreams into Reality: Transformations and Paradigm Shifts in Mathematics Education” held from September 11-17, 2011 at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa. The Conference was organized jointly by Rhodes University and The Mathematics Education into the 21st Century Project - an international educational project founded in 1986. Our Project is dedicated to the improvement of mathematics education world-wide through the publication and dissemination of innovative ideas. Many prominent mathematics educators have supported and contributed to the project, including the late Hans Freudental, Andrejs Dunkels and Hilary Shuard, as well as Bruce Meserve and Marilyn Suydam, Alan Osborne and Margaret Kasten, Mogens Niss, Tibor Nemetz, Ubi D’Ambrosio, Brian Wilson, Tatsuro Miwa, Henry Pollack, Werner Blum, Roberto Baldino, Waclaw Zawadowski, and many others throughout the world. Information on our project and its future work can be found on our Project home page http://math.unipa.it/~grim/21project.htm . In this year, 2011, we celebrate the 25th anniversary of the founding of our Project, when Manmohan Singh Arora suggested the idea to Fayez Mina and myself around a swimming pool in Bahrain (of all places!) That first meeting was, however, typical of the multi-cultured and global character of our Project and it’s subsequent conferences throughout the world. These Proceedings begin with the Plenary Papers and then the other contributions in alphabetical name order of the principal authors. We sincerely thank all of the contributors for their time and creative effort. It is clear from the variety and quality of the papers that the conference has attracted many innovative mathematics educators from around the world.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
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