Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'General and technological tracks'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: General and technological tracks.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'General and technological tracks.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Siccard, Anne. "L'orientation scolaire de jeunes ruraux, une construction conjointe entre élèves, familles et personnels : le cas de quatre collèges du département de Manche." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMC036.
Abstract:
L’orientation des collégiens en milieu rural est généralement perçue sous le régime de la contrainte. Il est vrai que ces adolescents choisissent, davantage que les jeunes urbains, des formations courtes via les voies professionnelles, ce que la littérature attribue à un ensemble de causes : un modèle d’orientation prévalent dans les familles populaires, des exemples de possibles moins diversifiés, des possibilités de formation plus rares et plus éloignées, nécessitant une mobilité à laquelle toutes les familles ne peuvent consentir.Considérant d'emblée une pluralité d'espaces ruraux plus qu'un milieu homogène ou résiduel, ce travail tente de mesurer, outre ces différents facteurs, le pas à pas de la construction des choix opérés sans perdre de vue le poids des collèges eux-mêmes, par une approche essentiellement qualitative associée à des données statistiques. Si le milieu social des jeunes, surtout le diplôme de la mère, induit les demandes d’orientation des adolescents, le caractère socialement situé de ces demandes peut être accentué par les pratiques en cours dans les établissements en matière d’éducation à l’orientation et d’orientation proprement dite, différentes d’un collège à l’autre. Mais il peut également être modulé par les loisirs et les sociabilités amicales et familiales des adolescents, qui y découvrent des pratiques ainsi que des exemples de possibles de formations et de professionsRural Secondary School children’s “Further Education” choices and career plans are generally seen as being an almost forced decision. It would not be wrong to say that Secondary School leavers from rural areas tend to choose shorter, professionally based courses which experts put down to several specific reasons. First, families from a working-class background have a mindset tending towards the idea that the options available are more limited and that the possible “Further Education” courses are therefore rarer and further away from the family environment. Some families are not prepared to accept this imposed, educational mobility. The starting point for the following analysis takes into account the obvious notions that there is not a homogenous rural community but rather a variety of rural areas and working-class families. Considering these elements, this thesis tries to measure the step-by-step processes which lead to the decisions made for post-Secondary Education. The influence of Secondary Schools must also be considered in the essentially qualitative approach which includes the input given by statistical evidence. If the Social Class origins, especially the mother’s educational achievement level, can explain, for a large part, the choices made by students at the end of Secondary School ; this analysis must also take note of the professional and social level of the schools’ catchment area. Thes factors can be accentuated both by the Careers’ Advice available and the actual results of post Secondary School decisions, prevalent in each Secondary School. These influencing factors and the differences subsisting between each School are also important in each Educational Community’s way of apprehending Careers Advice and the decisions made by their pupils. Other reasons are also to be included, such as leisure time activities as well as peer pressure and influence of each family environment. These sociability factors can also contribute to the discovery of new Careers and Further Education possibilities
2
Омельяненко, Віталій Анатолійович, Виталий Анатольевич Омельяненко, and Vitalii Anatoliiovych Omelianenko. "Basics of general approach for technological systems analysis." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/46970.
Abstract:
The article deals with the problem of analysis of technological system as a special kind of socio & economic & technological systems. General approach for technology concept is considered. Structure of technological system that allows its analyzing and developing proposed.
3
Barker, Tom Paul. "Disclosure and inscription : Heidegger, Derrida, and the technological difference." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2326/.
Abstract:
The relationship of Jacques Derrida and Martin Heidegger has always been complex, encompassing an entanglement of two already immense networks and suspended between proximities and distances from infinitesimal to radical. Its peculiarity is evident in the way in which Derrida strategically inscribes his own text at the margin of Heidegger's thought via a double or cl6tural gesture which articulates the paradox that Derrida writes with Heidegger against Heidegger. One of the most decisive aspects of this gesture is Derrida's deconstruction of Heidegger's claims regarding the relation between technology and philosophy. In "The Question Concerning Technology" and accompanying essays Heidegger opens up a way of reflecting upon the essence of technology moves against its metaphysical determination specifying, moreover, the sense of modern technology as a mode of disclosure. These reflections are, however, ambiguous. Heidegger is one of the first thinkers to confront technology in philosophical terms, and yet he wishes to purify thinking of originary technicity. Technology remains a question, and as a question asked by thinking, thinking is not technical. In other words, thinking for Heidegger, is constituted in its very difference from technology. This is the move that must be deconstructed. In simultaneously repeating and displacing the Heideggerian scheme, Derrida elaborates an infinitesimal and decisive différance between the thinking of Being and his own notion of "writing" (Vecriture) or generalized inscription. What is crucial is that as against Heidegger's Being, the general text is not an essence of technics nor is it a proper thinking opposed to technology. On the contrary, Derrida's main point, among other things, against Heidegger, is that technology has always already begun, that it is originary with respect to the history of Being and thinking. In this study I examine the stakes and implications of Derrida's move along with a possible Heideggerian response. To begin with, I develop a reading of Heidegger's text that shows the import of technology to his work as a whole and its centrality to the thinking of Being as difference. I then take up the question of Derrida's deconstruction of Heidegger's analysis of the history of Being and its technological completion as this is played out in The Post Card and related texts. Following this I revert back to Derrida's now "classic" writings of the late 1960s and early 1970s and explore the arguments that relate contemporary developments in technology, science, and the media to the problematic of writing and to the closure of logocentric metaphysics. The preceding chapters lay the groundwork for me to then offer a critical reading of Derrida's text that locates in the articulations and assumptions of deconstruction certain indications of its belonging, within the horizon of Heidegger's thinking of technology. Finally, I offer a reading of some of Derrida's later texts with the aim of showing that and how deconstruction emerges as an affirmative technology.
4
Arpaci, Ibrahim. "Technological Innovation Model For Public Sector." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610628/index.pdf.
Abstract:
Innovations in the public services have become mandatory to provide more efficient and secured services to the citizens. In today's fast changing technological environment, the sustained management of innovation is the most vital executive task for the organizations. Identification of the technological innovation process is required in order to manage innovation in the public organizations. This thesis study aims to build a technological innovation model for public organizations in Turkey identifying technological innovation process, stakeholders of the process, sources of innovation, obstacles of innovation and driving forces of innovation. In this research study, strategically important organizations, including all ministries and the pioneer public organizations that perform technological innovation projects are analyzed. In the research study, case study is used as a research strategy and interviews are used as data collection methods. Using collected data
data sets are produced and presented in tables. Data analysis results enable to identify technological innovation process, stakeholders of the process, sources of innovation, barriers of innovation, and driving forces of innovation. Consequently, in accordance with the findings of the study, a new technological innovation model that may pave the way for technological innovation projects and enable successful management of innovation process is constructed. The proposed model lights the way of managers for their innovation projects by means of determining unclear innovation process and identifying the inputs and outputs of the process. Moreover, this study is a guide for managers in public organizations identifying possible obstacles and offering solutions, identifying driving forces to accelerate the innovation process, emphasizing the importance of interaction between the stakeholders.
5
Oliva, Daniela Andrea. "Technological mediation| The implications of technology on the human experience." California State University, Long Beach, 2013.
6
Hansen, Zeynep. "Contractual arrangements under technological uncertainty: Analysis of pharmaceutical and biotechnology collaborations." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280007.
Abstract:
This dissertation investigates the conditions that shape the governance structure of contractual agreements and how different contract types address the potential problems that can arise in R&D partnerships under technological uncertainty. The motivation for this study arises from the emergence of new forms of R&D organization to cope with challenges as well as opportunities created by rapid technological change. This dissertation demonstrates the significance of technological uncertainty in determining the observed variety of contractual arrangements in the biotechnology industry. It also shows that the returns from collaborative arrangements as measured by the number of successful patents differ among various contract types. The first part of this research focuses on biotechnology alliances with pharmaceutical companies involving drug discovery research. It demonstrates how advances in technology affect the structure of R&D contracts. Using contractual data over time, it is shown that newer technologies associated with higher uncertainty result in the choice of more equity participation by the pharmaceutical partner and more hierarchical contractual arrangements. This result supports the transaction cost arguments that as contractual difficulties arise, allying firms are more likely to choose a more hierarchical governance form over simpler arrangements. The second part of the dissertation investigates the significance of external R&D investments by large pharmaceutical companies to their overall innovation process. The performance of collaborations on the overall R&D productivity are evaluated in terms of their impact on successful patent production. This study measures the innovative returns to R&D collaborations separate from in-house R&D resources and possible knowledge spillovers. Using a panel data set of large pharmaceutical companies, a knowledge production function is estimated. The results indicate that the implied long-run elasticity of successful patent output with respect to all active R&D alliances is lower than the elasticity estimate with respect to in-house R&D investments. In addition, marginal returns to R&D collaborations differ among various contractual types, in terms of their contribution to patent production process. It is also shown that knowledge spillovers by competitors contribute to patent production, but scientific publications hinder it.
7
Craig, Stewart. "Hard, soft, control : the 'technological triumvirate' of university-industry alliances." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3777/.
Abstract:
In the past few decades the university has increasingly exploited the commercial potential of select experimental data generated in its molecular biology research laboratories. The university protects such data with intellectual property (IP) rights, and licenses the use of this IP, or sells it outright, to the pharmaceutical industry. Such IP often details the discovery of a novel drug candidate that has potential to treat or cure human disease. Through my eyes as a university lab educator, I argue in this dissertation that the contemporary cultural trend of the university’s sale of its research data to industry was catalyzed by two key concurrent events of late 20th century: a knowledge economy and neoliberalism. Utilizing technology as an analytical lens, I show that key hard and soft technologies gave rise to a knowledge economy; this provided the university with the prime technological platform for the heightened exposure, and conveyance, of its research data to industry. I argue that the contemporary political doctrine of neoliberalism is a control technology because it molds the public sector – including the university – into the competitive free market tendencies of the private sector; this provided the university with the prime economic platform for the sale of its research data to industry. Moreover, I demonstrate that the university’s sale of its select research data to industry has resulted in stronger alliances between the university and industry. Crucially, such alliances, I argue, have a profound impact on American higher education, on two levels: 1) the evolution of the university from a historic to a postmodern institution; and 2) fundamental changes in the nature of learning in the university research lab associated with the rise of the postmodern university. The dissertation concludes by considering various measures that may be used by the lab educator to mitigate these changes in learning in the postmodern university research lab.
8
Lucas, D. Pulane. "Disruptive Transformations in Health Care: Technological Innovation and the Acute Care General Hospital." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2996.
Abstract:
Advances in medical technology have altered the need for certain types of surgery to be performed in traditional inpatient hospital settings. Less invasive surgical procedures allow a growing number of medical treatments to take place on an outpatient basis. Hospitals face growing competition from ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs). The competitive threats posed by ASCs are important, given that inpatient surgery has been the cornerstone of hospital services for over a century. Additional research is needed to understand how surgical volume shifts between and within acute care general hospitals (ACGHs) and ASCs. This study investigates how medical technology within the hospital industry is changing medical services delivery. The main purposes of this study are to (1) test Clayton M. Christensen’s theory of disruptive innovation in health care, and (2) examine the effects of disruptive innovation on appendectomy, cholecystectomy, and bariatric surgery (ACBS) utilization. Disruptive innovation theory contends that advanced technology combined with innovative business models—located outside of traditional product markets or delivery systems—will produce simplified, quality products and services at lower costs with broader accessibility. Consequently, new markets will emerge, and conventional industry leaders will experience a loss of market share to “non-traditional” new entrants into the marketplace. The underlying assumption of this work is that ASCs (innovative business models) have adopted laparoscopy (innovative technology) and their unification has initiated disruptive innovation within the hospital industry. The disruptive effects have spawned shifts in surgical volumes from open to laparoscopic procedures, from inpatient to ambulatory settings, and from hospitals to ASCs. The research hypothesizes that: (1) there will be larger increases in the percentage of laparoscopic ACBS performed than open ACBS procedures; (2) ambulatory ACBS will experience larger percent increases than inpatient ACBS procedures; and (3) ASCs will experience larger percent increases than ACGHs. The study tracks the utilization of open, laparoscopic, inpatient and ambulatory ACBS. The research questions that guide the inquiry are: 1. How has ACBS utilization changed over this time? 2. Do ACGHs and ASCs differ in the utilization of ACBS? 3. How do states differ in the utilization of ACBS? 4. Do study findings support disruptive innovation theory in the hospital industry? The quantitative study employs a panel design using hospital discharge data from 2004 and 2009. The unit of analysis is the facility. The sampling frame is comprised of ACGHs and ASCs in Florida and Wisconsin. The study employs exploratory and confirmatory data analysis. This work finds that disruptive innovation theory is an effective model for assessing the hospital industry. The model provides a useful framework for analyzing the interplay between ACGHs and ASCs. While study findings did not support the stated hypotheses, the impact of government interventions into the competitive marketplace supports the claims of disruptive innovation theory. Regulations that intervened in the hospital industry facilitated interactions between ASCs and ACGHs, reducing the number of ASCs performing ACBS and altering the trajectory of ACBS volume by shifting surgeries from ASCs to ACGHs.
9
MacFarlane, James Michael. "The techno-centred imagination : a multi-sited ethnographic study of Technological Human Enhancement Advocacy (THEA)." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2018. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/113597/.
Abstract:
This thesis explores the social construction and performance of Technological Human Enhancement Advocacy through multi-sited ethnographically inspired participant observation across a range of sites. It argues that advocacy efforts surrounding the ideal of technological human enhancement share the ideational feature of Techno-centrism - an object-level belief embedded in the material present while simultaneously future-oriented and thus principally immaterial. This purposive neo-dualism blurs 'real' and 'imagined' futures to satiate the materialist ontological grounding associated with the scientific worldview, while granting extended licence to more indulgent, compelling visions for technology as an enabler of affirmative, forward-facing action - including revivifying pursuit of humanist ideals associated with the modernisation project. The thesis makes contributions to three areas. Firstly, in substantive terms, it contributes towards sociological knowledge by detailing the intersubjective values, semiotic framing mechanisms and narrative tropes evoked to both justify and promote the notion of Technological Human Enhancement Advocacy (THEA), an area which remains under-researched. Secondly, the thesis makes a theoretical contribution through its modelling of a non- spatially determined constant which recurs across sites associated with THEA: The Techno-centred Imagination (TCI). Finally, the thesis offers a methodological contribution through its novel and creative application of multi-sited research strategy for the study of non-spatially determined cultures of extreme support for science and technology. A 24-month programme of fieldwork was undertaken, comprising multi-locational participant-observation, interviews and surveys. The thesis concludes that far from being new, the emerging social forms associated with THEA capture ambivalences which have long cast a shadow over late-modern society and culture. Although TCI appears most pronounced in the practice of transhumanism - where it is acted out in extreme, almost hyperbolic ways - the phenomena mirrors broader concerns around the future of science, technology and human self-identity in the new millennium. As such, it is deserving of further study.
10
Adams, Marc Robert. "Understanding regional agri-food systems and their supply chains : a socio-technological systems approach." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/71478/.
Abstract:
This thesis investigates the development of regional agri-food systems and their supply chains to understand how they affect the sustainability of rural regions. It argues that the existing dichotomies of alternative-local and conventional-global do not provide a sufficiently nuanced understanding of the dynamic transitions and interactions that occur in regional agri-food systems. Deploying and extending socio-technological systems theory, the thesis explores the interaction between nested levels of sectoral and general agri-food regimes and reconstructs the emerging logics of interaction. Against this background, it analyses how alternative agri-food supply chain innovations evolve and assesses their various degrees of success. The meat, dairy and horticultural sectors in SW Wales are investigated as case studies, using a mixed methodological approach combining secondary data analysis and interviews with key stakeholders and supply chain actors. The research finds three sub-sectoral systems with highly differentiated socio-technological configurations and equally diversely configured niches. Using the socio- technological systems framework the: socio-technological configuration, degree of system stability and the future transitional pathways of the each sub-sectoral system is examined. This framework also creates the basis for an assessment of how likely their innovations are to be adopted or absorbed by the conventional agri-food system in SW Wales. The thesis finds that meaningful interactions occur not only within each sub-sector and betweentheir niches but also between sub-sectoral systems. The thesis ultimately provides a nuanced analysis of SW Wales’ agri-food systems that shows the complexity of regional food systems and critiques possible sustainable responses from public policy. It demonstrates that a socio-technical regime perspective can uncover the manifold relations between local and regional agri-food innovations and the dominant, multi-layered agri-food system. This constitutes a major empirical and conceptual contribution to the debates on sustainable food and rural development.
11
Jenkins, Timothy Neil. "The evolution of British airborne warfare : a technological perspective." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4804/.
Abstract:
The evolution of British airborne warfare cannot be fully appreciated without reference to the technological development required to convert the detail contained in the doctrine and concept into operational reality. My original contribution to knowledge is the detailed investigation of the British technological investment in an airborne capability in order to determine whether the development of new technology was justifiable, or indeed, entirely achievable. The thesis combines the detail contained in the original policy for airborne warfare and the subsequent technological investigations to determine whether sufficient strategic requirement had been demonstrated and how policy impacted upon the research programme. Without clear research parameters technological investment could not achieve maximum efficiency and consequent military effectiveness. The allocation of resources was a crucial factor in the technological development and the fact that aircraft suitability and availability remained unresolved throughout the duration of the war would suggest that the development of airborne forces was much less of a strategic priority for the British than has previously been suggested. Ultimately, despite the creation of a dedicated research institution in 1942 (Airborne Forces Experimental Establishment), and the development of specialist hardware such as the assault glider, the British did not possess the material resources required for the large-scale deployment of airborne troops. Analysis of the technology has revealed that the development of airborne warfare was as much for the purpose of psychological warfare and British morale as it was for offensive operations.
12
Edquist, Harald. "Technological breakthroughs and productivity growth." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2006. http://www2.hhs.se/EFI/summary/696.htm.
13
Attar, Maryam Mazloom. "Technological innovation in poultry supply chain from a halal perspective in Iran." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2016. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/31102/.
Abstract:
Technology and innovation pervade all aspects of modern life. In past decades, technological innovations have changed the poultry industry from what was once a small-scale back yard operation to industrialised intensive mass production farming. In Iran, technology transfer has had a varying degree of adoption amongst poultry farms. Technological advances in supply chain management and the increase in global demand for halal products has led to closer integration of halal supply chains globally. This global integration of supply chains inhibits the opportunities for many developing countries to participate in the global supply chains. The aim of this study is to investigate the specific implications and influences that technology can have on the conduct, attitudes and working relationships of individuals working on poultry farms in Iran from a halal perspective. Previous approaches to the examination of the adoption and diffusion of technology in agribusiness have focused either on systemic change initiatives shaped by technology that lead to the transformation of an entire organisation (macro level theories) or on small-scale and individual adopters in an organisation that may benefit from technological change (micro level theories). There is widely-agreed recognition of the fact that these approaches, by not fully encapsulating the interactions between the structure and individuals, have failed to fully appreciate the complexity of technological adoption within the institutions. Therefore there has been a shift towards an integrative approach that recognises the interactions and interconnections between the structure and the individuals within the social structure, which also consists of traditions, cultures, and moral codes (i.e. the halal concept). In pursuing the research aim, Giddens’ structuration theory, along with Orlikowski’s structuration model of technology adoption and Rogers’ work on adoption and diffusion of innovations, was followed as a methodological framework in examining the subjective perspectives and perceptions of a number of participants interviewed in five case study farms in Iran. In order to build an understanding of the causal links influencing the underlying concepts of adoption and diffusion of technology, qualitative analysis of interactions between agency and structure of five case study farms was conducted. This allowed for rich data collection within different contexts. In each case study, a number of respondents who had responsibilities for the adoption or diffusion of technology were interviewed. These case studies included poultry farms with a vertical supply chain, and semi-vertical and horizontal supply chains, across a mix of breeder and layer farms. In presenting the findings of the study, and to aid the process of analysis, the use of tables summarising the related case evidence in emergent theory proved essential to demonstrate the depth and detail of the findings, rather than providing a summary of the statistics. This research has contributed to theoretical knowledge, as the first study to outline the potential use of structuration theory as the meta-theory in halal poultry supply chain research, and to ongoing research by exploring some of the fundamental concepts within socially and technologically constructed social systems. Findings from the proposed technology acceptance model of this study could lead to further studies, generating ideas and recommendations for the effective implementation of technology in halal poultry production in local markets, and their preparation for integration into a global market.
14
Wang, Xiaofei. "Technological change and production location in the movie industry a study of genre trends in 7 countries /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3378392.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Telecommunications, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 7, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-10, Section: A, page: 3688. Adviser: David Waterman.
15
Sustersic, Paolo. "Domestic spaces in the information era : architectural design, images and life in a technological age." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/361841/.
Abstract:
The aim of the research is to contribute to a critical interpretation of the multiple dimensions that shape the concept and the practice of contemporary living by analyzing the transformations that domestic space has experienced within the framework of the Information Society. The study emerges from the evidence that the changes that emerged due to the diffusion of information and communication technologies have originated a new social, economic and cultural paradigm that has deeply transformed the way in which contemporary domestic spaces are imagined, designed and lived. Deeply affecting life habits, these changes put into question the persistence of traditional conceptual models related to domestic space such as protection, intimacy, privacy and reproduction of consolidated family structures, recording the appearance of new interpretative categories with respect to private space and the activities developed there, such as connectivity, flexibility, ubiquitousness, transformability and mobile domesticity, among others. The research deals with four main aspects: a) the social and cultural context in which the contemporary debate on domestic space is situated; b) the historical context of the second half of the 20th century when various interpretations of dwelling were formulated in an era dominated by technology and information; c) a proposal to reformulate the concept of living from the perspective of becoming in light of functional transformations of contemporary domestic space epitomized by mediascapes, workspaces and bodyspaces; d) a proposed reading of the interpretative keys on the basis of which the informational house is imagined and designed in relation to the stimuli of objects and spaces, flexibility, digital design and sustainability. The research argues the multidimensionality and complexity of contemporary domestic space steming from both the growing diversity of the actors involved in its production and the variety of factors that influence it. In the culture of dwelling, the role of technology is not univocal and involves all stages of the process of design, construction and use of domestic space. Focusing on advertising and specialized media, the research highlights the role played by images in the construction of a collective imagination of the domestic. In discussing changes in the functional environment, the research highlights how the domestic plays an important role in domestication of technologies. Finally, the research underscores the need for a reformulation of the idea of domestic space within the scope of considering dwelling as an art of becoming, more in keeping with the zeitgeist of the Information Society.
16
Taha, Ahmed Mohamed Youssef. "Investigating an interactive technological self study conceptual framework for on-board maritime education and training." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9149/.
Abstract:
Merchant marine officers have multiple specific duties and responsibilities to perform. Moreover, there is a need for a well-trained workforce to operate modern ships. In this era, the development of technological tools to assist in the delivery of the syllabus, and develop the marine cadets’ practical knowledge during training on-board is highly required. This study reviewed literature concerning Maritime Education and Training, in addition to personalised learning and online mobile learning. The research proposes the creation, assessment and validation of generic Interactive Maritime Education and Training (iMET) application, that is utilising Near Field Communication (NFC) technology, as a personalised interactive self-study mobile tool, with respect to cadets’ different learning preferences. The main aim of this research is to test the hypothesis that, the iMET tool has a direct positive impact on the Maritime Education and Training process on-board the training ship, and it is an accepted technology, hence will be actually used by the cadets on-board. In order to evaluate the research hypothesis, the researcher developed a generic prototype of iMET handheld application, as a proof of concept. Moreover, the researcher adapted a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), from the existing TAM models, that had been used in previous research, in order to asses cadets’ acceptance to the proposed iMET application. Data collection in this research was based on triangulation, in order to measure the perception and expectations of the different maritime stakeholders affiliated with the iMET tool implementation. Accordingly, a questionnaire survey, a semi-structured interview and a quiz for cadets’ assessment was conducted. Data collection and surveys were conducted twice, in the pre iMET intervention development phase and post iMET intervention validation phase, in order to support justifying and validating the proposed technological tool in the current study. This research philosophy is a pragmatic research approach that applied a mixed methodology, to measure the cadets’ technology acceptance of iMET and their behavioural intention towards its actual usage. Finally, the research will discuss in detail the outcomes and finding.
17
Bukulmez, Evren. "Technological Change And Metrology Services Medical Metrology And Its Effects On Society." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606121/index.pdf.
Abstract:
Accuracy of measurements is one of the most vital issues for industry and society as a whole. In this context, medical devices create a significant impact on the costs of health care services, such as additional medicine treatments, longer hospital stays, etc. The main aim of this thesis is to analyze and explain the use of metrology services and the socio-economic impact of medical metrology on consumers in Turkey. A framework for economic impact assessment of the calibration services for three specific medical devices, namely patient bedside monitors, ventilators and pacemakers &ndashboth of which are required for use especially after open-heart surgeries, has been developed and a cost-benefit analysis has been performed. The Benefit-to-Cost ratios of the calibration activity on patient bedside monitors, ventilators and pacemakers were calculated as 36.74, 2.22 and 1.79, respectively. Calibration services seem to have a very favorable Benefit-to-Cost ratio even based on the lower-bound estimations.
18
Karakuzu, Miray. "Determinants Of Innovation Behaviour: Analysis Of 2004-2006 Technological Innovation Survey Of Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611897/index.pdf.
Abstract:
Main purpose of this thesis is to analyse the main determinants affecting innovation behaviour by utilizing the results of Technological Innovation Survey of Turkey for the periods 2004-2006 combined with the results of Annual Business Statistics Surveys conducted for the year 2003. The total number of the observations of the matched data of the two Surveys is 947. Main underlying reason for the time lag introduced between the two surveys is to be able to relate firm and sector characteristics to the innovation behaviour in following years.
Logit model is established with three main dependent variables as firms doing product innovation, process innovation and either one of them. According to result of the analysis, four main areas are found to be promoting the innovation behaviour in firms. Firstly, as the firm size increases, the probability of engaging in innovation is found to be affected positively. Secondly, firms having foreign share also has more tendency for innovation. This result is surprising and disproof the initial assumption related with foreign share, since foreign investment is found to be a hindering factor in some previous studies in developing countries. Thirdly having intellectual property rights is positively related with innovation behaviour. Last positively affecting factor is engaging in R&D, which is presumable. Three factors are found to be insignificant as Export Status, Import Penetration and Tariff Rate. The relationship between foreign trade and innovation behaviour could not be justified which is mainly due to lack of data reliability.
19
Shimizu, Hiroshi. "Competition, knowledge spillover, and innovation : technological development of semiconductor lasers, 1960-1990." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/84/.
Abstract:
Knowledge plays an important role in economic growth. The role of technological knowledge significantly increased after the Industrial Revolution. Firms internalised technological knowledge in their R&D laboratories and placed knowledge creation in a central position in their business strategies. Both the stock and flow of technological knowledge and the tight interaction among science and engineering became indispensable to the competitive advantage of industry, as well as modern economic growth. Directing its attention to knowledge creation and spillover, this thesis scrutinises the development of semiconductor lasers from 1960 to 1990. The semiconductor laser became one of the most important developments in the optoelectronics industry underlying the drastic changes that took place during the last half of the twentieth century in information technology, and it has become the most widely used laser since the 1980s. Reviewing the optoelectronics industry in the U.S. and Japan, the Japan Technology Evaluation Center (JTEC) found that “Japan clearly led in consumer optoelectronics, that both countries were competitive in communications and networks, and that the United States held a clear lead in custom optoelectronics.” “Japan’s lead in high-volume consumer optoelectronics and related technologies gave it a dominant share of the overall global optoelectronics market.” This thesis explores how the patterns of comparative advantages emerged, which were indicated by the JTEC report. How did Japanese firms gain technological competitiveness in high volume product markets? How did the U.S. firms come to be competitive in niche markets? Through scrutinizing patent data, it examines the engineers’ network, mobility, and the pattern of technological choice in R&D competition. Introducing the two different types of knowledge--current technological domain specific knowledge and lateral utilization knowledge--it showed how different patterns of knowledge spillover emerged and resulted in the different paths of technological development in the U.S. and Japan. Based on the high star-engineers’ mobility and the well developed research network, the U.S. firms tended to spin off from their parent firms and targeted niche markets. Therefore, knowledge spillover emerged in the areas where semiconductor laser technology was applied and exploited to fill untapped markets. In contrast, the pattern of competition of Japanese firms induced knowledge spillovers to enhance the development of core semiconductor laser technology instead of exploiting niche product markets.
20
Weiss, Matthias M. "Labor market effects of technological change and working time reduction : some insights from a general equilibrium perspective /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/374577609.pdf.
21
Feng, Kaidong. "Catching up or being dependent : the growth of capabilities among indigenous technological integrators during Chinese development." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6277/.
Abstract:
The thesis appraises certain key processes – albeit rather limited in number and scope – widely assumed to be associated with assessing the role of technological capability building in developing country (DC) firms. The latter are affected by their DC status on both the demand side (e.g. by rapid growth of the economy via consumption and trade) and the supply side (of technological catch-up etc.). Such broad considerations set the scene for our specific study. In this thesis, the component of technological capabilities that we highlight by studying local integrated product providers is the capability for systemic product development. We argue that the organisational system of industrial firms in DCs plays a fundamental role in their technological learning performance. Here, the developmental context is stressed because we suggest that the knowledge about how to organise effective learning, termed 'social technology', is at least as scarce as the 'physical technology' in such contexts, compared with those prevailing in the developed countries. Therefore, when DC firms shift into a new domain, the organisational systems that they rely on often have to be created rather than simply selected. This may be because, as first-movers in their circumstances, even when they are informed by external sources, they have very little practical experience of carrying out similar actions successfully within their own contexts. Therefore, studying organisational building in their early phase could prove critical for understanding their capability building processes. Empirical studies of China‘s car-making and telecom-equipment sectors over the past three decades are taken to support theoretical exploration in this thesis. Some scholars (e.g. Bell and Pavitt, 1992) point out that, in DCs, the growth of production capacity does not automatically lead to the building of technological capability. The experiences of China‘s car-making and telecomequipment sectors are exactly in line with this point of view. From the mid 1980s, the Chinese government implemented a 'trading market for technology (TMFT)' policy, encouraging its backbone SOEs (State Owned Enterprises) to establish productive joint ventures (JVs) with MNCs (Multinational Corporations). By doing so, policy-makers expected backbone SOEs to undergo a bottom-up capability building trajectory via learning closely from their JV partners. We term these SOEs and their JVs the 'Group-A firms' in our research. Contrary to the expectations of policy-makers, Group-A firms were locked into the manufacturing segment even after twenty years of TMFT practices, and seldom had new systemic products developed indigenously, prior to 2005 at least. On the contrary, the indigenous advance of technological capability building has actually been led by some new entrants. Their development has been independent of the advocacy of TMFT. They relied on in-house developed products from the very beginning after entering the corresponding industries, and succeeded in building sustainable competitiveness. We term them the 'Group-B firms'. By comparing these Group-A and Group-B firms, we argue that there are distinctive differences in organisational learning systems between them. Four components are developed of the concept of organisational learning systems, i.e. the strategic intent, the authority over strategic resource allocation, the pattern of organisational mobilisation and learning integration, and the facilities and institutions for knowledge accumulation. For the latter three components, we succeed in generating a clear contrast between these two groups of firms. We undertake a thorough comparison of authority over strategic resource allocation by studying the constitution of their top committees. As for the patterns of learning mobilisation and organisational integration, we find distinct differences in the scope of knowledge communication of front-line engineers, and relevant institutional arrangements to mobilise, integrate and direct the content of communication. Regarding the facilities for knowledge accumulation and application, the study of their knowledge database building engenders a clear contrast, as well as the institutional arrangements to regulate and promote relevant activities within their organisations. We also discover significant connections between the organisational systems of Group-B firms and their processes of knowledge search, generation and accumulation. Three important mechanisms of new knowledge creation in Group-B firms are examined, namely learning through recruitment, learning through cooperative projects and learning through interaction with customers. Our empirical study reveals that the authority stressing the investment in new product and technology development, the cross-boundary inter-departmental platform of knowledge conversion, the comprehensive knowledge-accumulating facilities, and the institutions backing these components play fundamental roles in shaping these learning mechanisms. Therefore, the organisational differences of these two groups of firms are connected with the differences of these two subsets of firms‘ technological learning performances. Besides, we discuss the social roots of their organisational systems by historically revisiting China‘s industrial system. By doing so, for the research community that focuses on technological learning in DCs, this thesis advocates a shift of research from stressing assimilative processes of firms to giving more emphasis to organisational changes as a centrepiece of studies.
22
Smyrnaios, Ioannis. "The correlation of technological and stylistic changes, and society, in the production of attic geometric and orientalising finewares." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/91116/.
Abstract:
This thesis investigates stylistic and technological changes in the production of Attic Geometric and Orientalising finewares (c. 900 – 620 BC), and their relationship with society. The transition from the abstract motifs of the Early and Middle Geometric styles to the figurative representations of the Late Geometric and Orientalising styles are examined in conjunction with the technological advances in the ceramic chaîne opératoire, and the social changes that characterise these periods. According to previous studies, the social developments in the Athenian polis between the 9th and 7th centuries BC left traces in the archaeological record suggesting competition among different elite groups. This social competition was expressed through funerary rites, which were subject to continuous changes all across the Attic Early Iron Age. The consumption of decorated finewares in such rites and other important social occasions demarcated the social position of the consumers/users of fine decorated pottery, while ceramic styles adapted to accommodate the changing nature of social demands. An important manifestation of stylistic change was the dominance of the figurative style in pottery decoration during the beginning of the Late Geometric period (c.760 BC). The original hypothesis of this research project is based on the fact that decoration was only part of the total production sequence of Attic Geometric and Orientalising pottery; therefore, it could be likely that the social changes noted during these periods triggered broader advances in ceramic technologies employed for the production of such finewares. This thesis moves away from traditional stylistic approaches and employs a technological approach based on the chaîne opératoire theory in order to explore the behaviour of Attic Early Iron Age potters and their response towards changing consumption demands during an era of significant social transformations.
23
Aston, Alisa Mastin. "Intrusive Thoughts and Stress During the Evacuation Phase of a Technological Disaster." UNF Digital Commons, 2004. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/330.
Abstract:
The current study investigates the quantity and quality of intrusive thoughts (IT) experienced during the evacuation following a technological disaster. This study is aimed at evaluating which aspects of IT are related to increased frequency and disturbance of intrusive thoughts, as well as stress and coping outcomes.
24
Morrison-Love, David. "Secondary school technological problem solving : an investigation of factors associated with levels of success." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4349/.
Abstract:
Research into school-based and real-life technological problem solving has shown it to exist in a range of forms and draw upon a number of constituent processes and knowledge types. While this has given much needed insight into what happens when pupils undertake such problem solving in classrooms, there is little understanding about the relationship between these constituent elements and pupil performance on problem solving tasks. Moreover, such tasks are often still undertaken individually within schools. This thesis builds directly on this by offering a definition for classroom-based technological problem prior to developing a mixed-method approach that allowed the problem solving activity of four high performing groups to be compared with that of four low performing groups. Single gender groups of approximately four pupils worked through a well-defined cantilever problem task in three Scottish technology education classrooms. The group performance was determined by outcome. Findings from the comparative analysis revealed differences in three key areas. Firstly, higher-performing groups naturally employed better process-management strategies including use of planning, role and task allocation with lower levels of tension between group members. Secondly, higher-performing groups made more use of reflection in which reasoning was verbalised, with the potential to promote better shared understanding between group members during the solving process. Thirdly, higher-performing groups exhibited a greater level of tacit-procedural knowledge within their final solutions. Additionally, there was evidence that lower-performing groups were less affected by the competitive task dynamic, and were not always as comprehensive in transferring prior understanding to the problem solving context. These findings were largely consistent between groups and form a basis upon which approaches to pedagogy and assessment can be considered and developed to raise the capability and performance of those pupils who find such problem solving more challenging. Moreover, the findings pertaining to process management and the nature of reflection have wider implications for learning and teaching in related areas of STEM Education.
25
Lenger, Aykut. "Technological Capability And Economic Growth: A Study On The Manufacturing Industries In Turkey." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605417/index.pdf.
Abstract:
This thesis was motivated by the importance of technological capability for economic growth process in developing countries. The main objective of this study is to analyze the creation of technological capability in the Turkish manufacturing industryand to set out opportunities and impediments for technological development by ascribing special emphasis to MNCs in this process within the framework of national innovation system. The technology policy advice relying on attracting foreign firms is also questioned. In order to shed light on how technological capability is accumulated in the Turkish manufacturing industry
and to understand the role that MNCs play in this process, the thesis investigates static and dynamic spillover effects of MNCs in the Turkish manufacturing industry. The study also focuses on the factors that determine innovativeness of, and the technology transfer by the firms in Turkey, and the role of MNCs in this context. The probable effects of firm and technology specific characteristics such as size and technology level are taken into consideration in the analyses. Our results suggest that foreign firms are superior to domestic firms in many respects. There are no horizontal or vertical spillovers from MNCs in Turkey for the 1983-2000 period. We found lagged positive horizontal spillovers, though. However, these spillovers are far beyond to register a net dynamic benefit for the whole Turkish manufacturing industry to be felt in the current period. This lagged spillover is found for large firms
and one can mention net dynamic positive spillovers for the large firms. We also found positive spillovers from labor transfer from MNCs to domestic firms for the 1995 and 2000 period. We conclude that technological capability is limited in domestic firms
and it can be improved by on-the-job training and general education policies as well as increasing domestic R&
D. The technology policies relying attracting more FDI should be reviewed given the insights provided by the analysis conducted in this thesis.
26
Jin, Yosuke. "Interest rate, asset valuation and wealth in a general-equilibrium setting, based on the structuralist theory : technological progress and obsolescence." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0046.
Abstract:
La théorie structuraliste développée par Phelps est une des approches d'équilibre intertemporel et elle met en lumière le rôle essentiel de la valorisation d'actifs. Le modèle structuraliste d'équilibre général suppose que les firmes investissent jusqu'à ce que le coût d'ajustement marginal soit égal au prix d'actifs qui est le flot actualisé de profits futurs à partir d'un nouvel investissement, et que des variables financières comme la valorisation d'actifs peuvent affecter effectivement les décisions sur l'output et la demande de travail à travers un mécanisme de transmission spécifique. Je suppose que des chocs à la valorisation d'actifs trouveraient leur source dans le processus d'innovation qui est essentiellement un phénomène de déséquilibre, qui résulte dans la rupture de la structure temporelle de production (i. E. La balance entre l'investissement et l'output final). Dans ce cas, le prix d'actifs doit être formé dans une circonstance caractérisée par des incertitudes sur des profits futurs et sur des niveaux de productivité assujettis à l'état futur de la technologie. Je confirme, en suivant les méthodologies dans les analyses empiriques structuralistes précédentes, que la valorisation d'actifs explique significativement la décision des firmes. Je démontre également que des chocs à la formation du prix d'actifs sont effectivement causés par le type de progrès technique incorporé en capital, et que l'obsolescence qui est la nature inhérente à ce type de progrès technique pèse finalement sur la formation du prix d'actifs dans un futur procheThe structuralist theory developed by Phelps is one of the intertemporal equilibrium approaches and it brings into light the essential role of asset valuation. The structuralist general equilibrium model assumes that firms invest until the marginal adjustment cost equals the asset price which is the discounted stream of future profits, and that financial variables such as asset valuation can affect effectively decisions on output and labor demand through a specific transmission mechanism. I assume that shocks to asset valuation find their source in innovation process which is essentially a disequilibrium phenomenon, which results in a breaking up in the temporal production structure (i. E. The balance between investment and final output). In this case, the asset price has to be formed in such a circumstance characterized by uncertainty on future profits and on the productivity level subject to the future state of technology. I show, following the methodologies in the previous structuralist empirical analyses, that asset pricing explains significantly firms’ investment decision. I also show that shocks in asset pricing are effectively caused by the type of technological progress embodied in capital, and that obsolescence, which is the inherent nature of this type of technological progress, eventually weighs on asset pricing over the near-term future
27
Schaeffer, Ben. "Computer Aided Design of Permutation, Linear, and Affine-Linear Reversible Circuits in the General and Linear Nearest-Neighbor Models." Thesis, Portland State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1541050.
Abstract:
With the probable end of Moore's Law in the near future, and with advances in nanotechnology, new forms of computing are likely to become available. Reversible computing is one of these possible future technologies, and it employs reversible circuits. Reversible circuits in a classical form have the potential for lower power consumption than existing technology, and in a quantum form permit new types of encryption and computation.
One fundamental challenge in synthesizing the most general type of reversible circuit is that the storage space for fully specifying input-output descriptions becomes exponentially large as the number of inputs increases linearly. Certain restricted classes of reversible circuits, namely affine-linear, linear, and permutation circuits, have much more compact representations. The synthesis methods which operate on these restricted classes of reversible circuits are capable of synthesizing circuits with hundreds of inputs. In this thesis new types of synthesis methods are introduced for affine-linear, linear, and permutation circuits, as well as a synthesizable HDL design for a scalable, systolic processor for linear reversible circuit synthesis.
28
Bulut, Aykut. "Investigating Perceptions Of Preservice Mathematics Teachers On Their Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (tpack) Regarding Geometry." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614704/index.pdf.
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to investigate perceptions of preservice mathematics teachers&rsquotechnological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) regarding geometry. In addition, the purpose is to examine the relationships among the components of TPACK. Moreover, possible gender and year of enrollment differences related to preservice mathematics teachers&rsquo
technological pedagogical content knowledge dimensions are examined. This research study has been conducted with 780 preservice mathematics teachers who are enrolled in elementary mathematics education department of Education Faculties of seven public universities located in Central Anatolia. Perceived TPACK regarding geometry instrument has been developed to collect data. In order to determine the levels of preservice mathematics teachers&rsquo
perceptions related to TPACK in geometry, descriptive information have been used. The results indicate that preservice mathematics teachers&rsquo
perceptions of TPACK related to geometry is higher than moderate. Furthermore, correlational analysis was conducted to identify the relationship among dimensions of TPACK. Positive significant correlations among the components of the TPACK framework were found in correlational analysis. Besides, two-way MANOVA has been conducted to investigate a possible relationship between demographic information of preservice elementary mathematics teachers and their perceptions of TPACK. According to the MANOVA results, there are statistically significant differences between male and female preservice mathematics teachers in favor of male participants in three components of TPACK, namely technological knowledge, technological pedagogical knowledge and technological pedagogical content knowledge in favour of males.
29
Majidpour, Mehdi. "The dynamics of technological catching-up : the case of Iran’s gas turbine industry." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6905/.
Abstract:
Today, fostering gas-fired power plants is recognised as a significant step towards a low-carbon economy. Gas fired-power plants are favoured over other types of fossil-fuelled power plants due to their various advantages, including lower emissions, flexibility of technology, higher efficiency, short construction times and lower capital investment. The gas turbine is the main machine and the most technologically advanced part of a gas-fired power plant. There have been a limited number of companies in industrialised countries that have developed these sophisticated technologies over the last 50 years. The global market for land-based gas turbines has an oligopolistic structure. The evolution of these technologies has been greatly influenced by countries' government policies, and in particular energy policies. In this light, one question is: to what extent have industrialising countries built their technological capabilities in gas turbines? Consequently, one focus of interest here is the way in which, and the extent to which, industrialising countries have synthesised their indigenous technology development efforts with overseas technology inflows. Countries such as Iran, India and China, which have large and growing domestic electricity markets, are appropriate candidates for research in order to understand the possible technological gaps and associated dynamics between the industrialised and industrialising worlds. To answer these questions, this thesis research deals with Iran's gas turbine industry and, for the first time, systematically examines this industry in the context of a developing country. The study delves deeply into the dynamics of interactions between indigenous technology development and overseas technology inflows. It casts light upon the influences, challenges, and difficulties associated with technological catching-up processes. The framework of the analysis is based on an extensive literature review on technological catch-up, the substitution/complementarity debate, and the gas turbine industry. The framework was operationalized through qualitative interviews as well as supplementary documents. The thesis uses a ‘dynamic approach', and argues that understanding the interaction processes cannot be reduced to examining only the type of relationship between the two technology sources. Instead, far more attention needs to be devoted to analysing the complexity and associated influences on this relationship. The thesis also provides empirical insights into the development of gas turbine capabilities in India and China, the two largest emerging economies. It reveals that a high level of state involvement in developing countries is a prominent feature of the industry. It also demonstrates that the evolution of the industry also in both developed and developing countries is closely interrelated with each country's national energy policies.
30
Liu, Xiaotong. "Factors that Drive New Technology Product and Service Use and Continuance." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157592/.
Abstract:
Understanding information technology and its related products and services is increasingly important because the everyday use of technology continues to expand and broaden. Despite this need for greater understanding, the extant theories that explore the dominant factors that drive intention to use a new technology are limited. The Technology Acceptancy Model (TAM) is the most popular model in explaining traditional technology adoption. The limitations of the TAM in grasping the overall evaluation of technology or service are one of motivations for developing new models in this dissertation. The two antecedents of the TAM- perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use- only capture partial utility of a service (or product). In addition, some researchers argued that key factors used in an initial acceptance model such as perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are not strong predictors of future continuance intention of the service because they do not consider future switching intention in the later stage. Hence, one goal of this dissertation is to develop and test new models to predict factors that drive intention and continuance intention decisions of new technology related products or services.
This research involves three studies that examine different aspects of adoption and continuance intention decisions of new technology-related products or services. Essay 1 posits and empirically tests a new model that examines service vendor quality, service outcome quality, and trust as drivers of cloud-based services by adopting the frameworks from marketing, behavior intention and information technology research. The model is referred to as the quality trust model (QTM). The quality of cloud-based services involves the quality of vendors and the quality of service outcomes; its effectiveness is mirrored by trust of the services. Data from an online survey of 355 respondents were used to test the research model. The results show that vendor quality and outcome quality influence trust, which is positively correlated with intention. However, vendor quality appears less salient than outcome quality in motivating usage of cloud-based services. We discussed the implications of the model and findings for practitioners searching for solutions in driving user participation, as well as for academics fascinated with a deeper understanding of roles of quality and trust in an individual level of decision-making behavior. Essay 2 posits and develops a model that includes the influences of reliability and flexibility on service quality, and influences of service quality on consumer perceived benefits and satisfaction, which consequently influences continuance intention of cloud services. The model explained 50% of satisfaction, which consequently explained 58% of continuance intention. We also examined the mediated effects among key drivers and validated the prominence of service quality in the IS continuance intention model. We delivered implications for academia and practice. Essay 3 unifies two theoretical frameworks a motivational model (MM) and expectation and confirmation theory (ECT) related to continuance intention and develops a new model that examines continuance intention of using smart devices. The article investigates the role of confirmation in the success of continuance intention of smart devices- the case of smartphones. We propose that confirmation is an antecedent of perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, and satisfaction. We also posit that confirmation directly influences continuance intention to use the devices. The paper will also propose that three specific advanced attributes - cost advantages, access to specialized resources, and quality improvement- will affect confirmation. An empirical examination of the model showed that confirmation predicts perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, and satisfaction, which mediates the effects of confirmation on continuance intention of smartphones. Hence, confirmation constitutes an important indirect factor influencing smartphones post adoption. Furthermore, cost advantages, access to specialized resources, and quality improvement all had significant influences on confirmation. The research contributes to the literature by confirming the important role of confirmation in smartphones adoption and by presenting that specific advanced attributes available to a user during a later phase can help enhance perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, and satisfaction. For managers of smart devices design, the study implies that building into the devices the ability to accommodate advanced attributes can elevate the possibility of persistent success.
31
Clucas, Scott Richard. "Construction as a Curriculum Organizer for Technology Education." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30772.
Abstract:
This dissertation was the result of an investigation into the relative importance of construction as a curriculum organizer for the field of technology education. In particular, it concentrated on the relationship between construction technology and the principles of general education and technological literacy. The review of literature focused on the historic roles and meanings of this curriculum organizer and these principles as the discipline evolved from the industrial arts into technology education. Operational definitions were synthesized and the linkages between them was clearly identified.
To address technology education's contribution to general education, or the full development of the human personality, the spheres of human/technology interaction model was developed. The model is based on the idea that people interact with technology and evaluate those interactions from three fundamental perspectives. Those perspectives were identified as the civic-life sphere, the personal-life sphere, and the work-life sphere.
One hundred and forty-eight faculty members of technology teacher education programs in colleges and universities throughout the United States were surveyed. A 77% return rate was obtained. The survey included four major sections in addition to requesting limited information about the respondents and their programs. The four major sections asked the respondents to: 1) Evaluate potential goals for a K-12 technology education program. 2) Determine the relative importance of 10 study areas or curriculum organizers as they related to each of the three spheres of interaction. 3) Determine the percentage of the technology education curriculum that should be allocated to each of the three spheres of human/technology interaction. 4) Provide selected information about the way construction is offered and taught in technology teacher education programs.
Medoid cluster analysis was used to evaluate the data derived from the goals of technology education portion of the survey. Using this information, three clusters were formed and initial respondent membership for each cluster was established. Subsequently, discriminant analysis was used to accomplish three goals: 1) Refine the initial assignment of respondents to the clusters. 2) Identify those variables that offered a significant level of discrimination between clusters. 3) Determine the accuracy of assignment to the clusters or groups. The canonical correlation 2, calculated by the discriminant analysis program, indicated that 66.3% of the variance was explained by the variables that were significant at a .05 level. After comparing the mean scores of the discriminating variables across the three clusters, one cluster was identified as favoring technological literacy, one favored industrial technology education, and one was ambivalent.
T-tests were used to determine if any significant difference existed between clusters or groups. It was of particular interest to this research that no significant difference was found related to the relative importance of construction. All groups concluded that construction should comprise approximately 10% of the technology education curriculum.
Finally, a schedule was established which allocated various percentages of the curriculum to each of the 10 study areas or curriculum organizers as they relate to the three spheres of human/technology interaction. This schedule was based on the relative importance assigned by the technological literacy cluster. The technological literacy cluster offered the most balanced allocation of the technology education curriculum across the three spheres of human/technology interaction.Ph. D.
32
Le, Hir Boris. "Capturing Information and Communication Technologies as a General Purpose Technology." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECAP0046/document.
Abstract:
Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (TIC) en tant que Technologie Générique (TG) ainsi que leur rôle dans l'évolution de la productivité du travail aux Etats-Unis et en Europe durant les dernières décennies. La thèse est constituée de trois parties axées chacune sur l'une des trois propriétés fondamentales des TG: le progrès rapide de la technologie, l'ubiquité de la technologie et la capacité à créer des opportunités technologiques. La première partie décrit, dans un premier chapitre, l'innovation dans le domaine des TIC, en commençant par un bref historique de ces technologies, suivie d'une analyse des données contemporaines sur l'innovation dans ce domaine. Elle montre en particulier comment les Etats-Unis ont été, jusqu'à présent, plus performants que les pays Européens dans le développement des TIC. Dans un deuxième chapitre, cette première partie inventorie les difficultés de mesures induites par la vitesse et la nature du changement généré par ces technologies. La seconde partie de la thèse traite de la nature ubiquitaire des TIC. Elle décrit d'abord la diffusion des TIC au cours du temps à travers les pays et les secteurs économiques, puis, établit une revue de la littérature sur la contribution directe de la diffusion des TIC à la croissance de la productivité du travail aux US et en Europe. Le second chapitre de cette partie s'intéresse au comportement de demande de facteurs de production dans les secteurs producteurs de TIC ou intensifs en utilisation des TIC. Enfin, la troisième partie de la thèse se concentre sur la capacité des TIC à générer des opportunités d'innovation. Pour cela elle identifie d'abord la nature des innovations complémentaires et les efforts menant à ces innovations. Elle montre alors la nécessité d'améliorer la comptabilité nationale afin de prendre en compte ces efforts comme des investissements. Cette partie révèle ensuite que, dans les onze pays européens étudiés, le problème est particulièrement concentré sur quelques pays qui investissent peu en TIC et en actifs innovants et que ces deux types d'efforts sont complémentairesThis thesis aims to study Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as a General Purpose Technology (GPT) and their role in the labor productivity evolution in the United States and Europe during recent decades. This thesis is organized in three parts corresponding to the fundamental GPT features: the wide possibilities for development, the ubiquity of the technology and the ability to create large technological opportunities. The first part depicts, at first, the innovation in ICT, beginning with a short historical review of ICT inventions followed by the analysis of current data on innovation in this field. In particular, it shows how the US was better than the European countries in inventing ICT until now. Second, this first part makes an inventory of measurement difficulties due to the rate and the nature of the change created by such technologies. The second part of the thesis deals with the ubiquitous nature of ICT. It first describes the ICT diffusion across countries and industries and reviews the economic literature on the direct contribution of ICT on labor productivity growth in the US and Europe. The next chapter studies the factor demand's behaviour in sectors that are either ICT producers or ICT intensive users. The third part focuses on the ICT ability to create opportunities for complementarity innovations. Firstly, it identifies the nature of ICT complementary innovations and the corresponding efforts. It shows, then, that national accounts must be improved in order to take these efforts into account as investments. Secondly, this part shows that, among the eleven European countries studied, the problem is highly concentrated in a few countries that invest less both in ICT and in innovative assets and that these two types of effort are complementary
33
Sozer, Sebnem F. "The Contribution Of Intellectual Property Rights Obtained By Small And Medium-sized Enterprises To Economic And Technological Development: Policies To Be Implemented." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607226/index.pdf.
Abstract:
This thesis analyses the utilization of intellectual property rights (IPRs) by small and
medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), their contribution to economic and technological
development and policies to be implemented for the SMEs to make more use of the system
in order to reach a desired level of growth.
Small and medium-scaled enterprises constitute more than 90 % of all firms almost
all over the world and a substantial proportion of employment and turnover. This fact bares
the necessity for the SMEs to make more use of the intellectual property rights system which
is one of the components of innovation and technological growth, in order to achieve the
desired level of economic and technological development.
This paper discusses the existing and possible contribution of the IPRs obtained by
SMEs to economic and technological development and the policies to be implemented in
order to encourage intensive utilization of the system by the SMEs. The results of surveys
previously carried out both in Turkey and abroad are incorporated within the results of a
survey which was organized in the context of this thesis among 86 enterprises in 12
organized industrial zones all over Turkey. The latter survey measures the IPR utilization of
the SMEs and the reasons behind under-utilization. Among the firms studied, 60 % of them
are R&D performers, 34 % have a distinct R&
D department while 56 % of them reported to have developed a new product, process or design. However only one third of these innovative firms have had an IP application and the percentage was even lower with IPR supports
only 2.3 % of the firms applied for IPR supports. The main reason for this underutilization of both IPRs and IPR supports was found as lack of awareness. Policy proposals were tried to be put forward depending on the findings of the survey and raising awareness was defined as the most important measure to be taken.
34
Zuma, Medeiros Mauricio. "Industrial development in a high tech sector of a developing country : the unfinished technological transition in the Brazilian vaccine industry." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6322/.
Abstract:
This thesis investigates the development of the Brazilian vaccine industry. This industry has experienced a sharp growth in the last decades supported by public policies and a protected and fast-growing public market. In addition, this development is apparently characterized by continuous processes of technology acquisition, rather than indigenous R&D, as the main source of its technological knowledge, and by other specificities in the vaccine context. The research draws on studies of the dynamics of technological capability building in catching-up industries of latecomer contexts, especially during the transition period when they are approaching the innovation frontier. It also draws on those studies focusing on new directions/paths as an alternative strategy adopted to overcome barriers and disadvantages to develop. It has been argued that the specificities of the Brazilian context and, of the vaccine sector, may be determining a particular pattern of technological accumulation to this industry, and that interpreting its pattern of development may be useful to understand how and if this industry has overcome its constraints to develop. A framework based on linear approaches of catching-up, and that integrates the innovation transition approach was built as a benchmark model for the search for similarities and differences in the pattern of development of this industry. The findings show similarities and new directions in the process of technological accumulation of the industry, suggesting that, more recently, it has actually developed through a distinct pattern. They also show the strong role of the government and its public market as one of the drivers of this new path. Distinct roles of the technology acquisition strategy and a high level of technological capabilities currently developed are also revealed. Finally, they show that the technology acquisition strategy has effectively contributed to the development of this industry and that the constraints to the completion of the transition phase is linked less to technical and scientific issues and more to managerial and policy ones.
35
Chu, Cristina Lau. "Batalha tecnológica do veículo elétrico: uma análise da corrida automobilística da GM pelo projeto dominante." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-06052013-210547/.
Abstract:
A presente pesquisa viabilizou, possivelmente, a expansão do arcabouço teórico desenvolvido por Suarez (2004) e Lynn et al. (1996), seguindo a mesma direção dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa longitudinal desenvolvida por Yu et al. (2011). Desenvolvemos um estudo descritivo de modo a analisar um período de 42 anos com o objetivo de entender os fatores que influenciaram a trajetória do desenvolvimento da tecnologia do veículo elétrico na GM de modo que utilizamos o arcabouço teórico desenvolvido por Suarez (2004) como norteador das observações empíricas. Coletamos dados secundários da tecnologia de baterias referente a fase um (realização de P&D) e dados secundários da tecnologia do veículo elétrico referente às fases dois (protótipos) e fase três (criação de mercado) para a construção do estudo de caso. As observações dessas fases viabilizaram os seguintes resultados: a possível expansão do arcabouço conceitual do Suarez (2004) em relação ao nível da firma (sondagem e aprendizagem tecnológica, sondagem e aprendizagem mercadológica e transferência de conhecimento) e ao nível do ambiente (setores industriais associados, pressão social, política internacional e questão econômica); e a possível ampliação da vertente teórica de sondagem e aprendizagem mercadológica desenvolvida por Lynn et al. (1996) no sentido de constatarmos a sondagem e aprendizagem tecnológica em um momento anterior a sondagem e aprendizagem mercadológica. Na década passada, iniciou-se um processo de efervescência de novos entrantes na indústria do veículo elétrico e, nessa década, duas das principais montadoras mundiais (GM e Nissan) lançaram os seus primeiros veículos elétricos para serem produzidos em larga escala. Essas evidências empíricas indicam uma possibilidade real da tecnologia do veículo elétrico estar em um estágio de maturidade que viabilize a realização do processo de transição tecnológica indicada no arcabouço conceitual desenvolvido por Utterback e Abernathy, em 1975. Nesse sentido, os resultados teóricos obtidos nessa pesquisa podem apoiar o processo de tomada de decisão no contexto de incentivo a essa tecnologia tanto da perspectiva da firma quanto da perspectiva do governo.In alignment with the results obtained in the longitudinal research conducted by Yu et al. (2011), the present study possibly enabled the expansion of the theoretical framework developed by Suarez (2004) and Lynn et al. (1996). A descriptive study was developed so as to analyse a 42 year period with views to understanding the factors which influenced the course of development of electric vehicle technology at GM. Thus, to guide empirical observations, the theoretical framework developed by Suarez (2004) was employed. To build the study case, phase one (execution of R&D) battery technology and phase two (prototypes) and three (market shaping) electric vehicle technology secondary data was collected. Findings observed in these phases gave rise to the following results: the possible expansion of Suarez´s (2004) conceptual framework at corporate level (technological survey and learnings, market survey and learnings and knowledge transfer) and at environment level (associated industrial segments, social pressure, international politics and economic issues); and the possible extension of the theoretical market probe and learning line of thought developed by Lynn et al. (1996) in as much as the identification of the occurrence of technological probe and learning, at a moment preceding that of market probe and learning, is concerned. Over the last decade, a new entrant commotion process sprung within the electric vehicle industry and during this decade, two of the top world manufacturers (GM and Nissan) launched their first electrical vehicles for mass production purposes. This empirical evidence indicates that currently, there is an effective possibility of electric vehicle technology being at a stage of maturity whereby the technological transition mentioned in the conceptual framework developed by Utterback and Abernathy in 1975, is feasible. To this effect, the theoretical results obtained in this study may support decision processes in as much as incentives are concerned, both from a corporate and government perspective.
36
Le, hir Boris. "Capturing Information and Communication Technologies as a General Purpose Technology." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997417.
Abstract:
This thesis aims to study Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as a General Purpose Technology (GPT) and their role in the labor productivity evolution in the United States and Europe during recent decades. This thesis is organized in three parts corresponding to the fundamental GPT features: the wide possibilities for development, the ubiquity of the technology and the ability to create large technological opportunities. The first part depicts, at first, the innovation in ICT, beginning with a short historical review of ICT inventions followed by the analysis of current data on innovation in this field. In particular, it shows how the US was better than the European countries in inventing ICT until now. Second, this first part makes an inventory of measurement difficulties due to the rate and the nature of the change created by such technologies. The second part of the thesis deals with the ubiquitous nature of ICT. It first describes the ICT diffusion across countries and industries and reviews the economic literature on the direct contribution of ICT on labor productivity growth in the US and Europe. The next chapter studies the factor demand's behaviour in sectors that are either ICT producers or ICT intensive users. The third part focuses on the ICT ability to create opportunities for complementarity innovations. Firstly, it identifies the nature of ICT complementary innovations and the corresponding efforts. It shows, then, that national accounts must be improved in order to take these efforts into account as investments. Secondly, this part shows that, among the eleven European countries studied, the problem is highly concentrated in a few countries that invest less both in ICT and in innovative assets and that these two types of effort are complementary.
37
Yapar, Oguz Osman. "International Knowledge Transfer In European Research And Development Programmes: Turkish Case." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612275/index.pdf.
Abstract:
International programmes, namely Framework Programmes 6, 7, and European Research Cooperation Agency (EUREKA), aim supporting national Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) to subcontract their research needs to Research and Technological Development (RTD) performers. Main objective of this thesis is to measure level of success of knowledge transfer from RTD performers towards Turkish SMEs within the FP6, FP7 and EUREKA. The thesis proposes a model for knowledge transfer consisting of four stages: initiation, implementation, elaboration, and internalization. Extensive data is collected from sixty projects involved in these programmes via structured survey. The data is analyzed within the context of the proposed model via using the variables selected from the literature. Main findings show that the initiation stage is at a satisfactory level. The national SMEs continue learning from the international partners while they practice the knowledge they acquire, therefore, necessary support should be given to national SMEs to communicate as much as possible in order to receive as much knowledge as possible from their international partners, during implementation process. Level of absorptive capacity is indispensable for elaboration. Therefore, much effort is required to strengthen absorptive capacity of national SMEs. Internalization is the weakest stage. If internalization is not successfully achieved, it is hardly possible to sustain and systematize the knowledge. All stages are mutually exclusive. If the initiation is not based on real needs and expertise of the SMEs, implementation will fail. It will be difficult to elaborate on the knowledgetherefore, improvement of the knowledge will not be at expected level. Since the improvement will not be sustained, internalization of the knowledge will be less, which will undermine successful transfer.
38
Savas, Meltem. "Investigating Pre-service Science Teachers." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613819/index.pdf.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the preservice science teachers&rsquoperceived technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) on genetics. More specifically, the purpose was to examine the relationships among the components of TPACK and genetics knowledge of the preservice science teachers. Moreover, findings the effect of the demographic information on perceived TPACK was also aimed. This study was conducted with preservice science teachers who were enrolled in elementary science education department of Education Faculties of eight public universities located in Central Anatolia. 1530 preservice science teachers participated to the study. There were two instruments used in this research which were perceived TPACK questionnaire, which was later adopted by the researcher as perceived TPACK on genetics, and genetic concepts test. v Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. In order to answer the first research question, descriptive information about the components of TPACK was given. Correlational analyses were used to identify the relationship between each component of the perceived TPACK on genetics and their genetic knowledge. Another correlational analysis was conducted for the third research question which seeks the relationships among the components of the TPACK. Moreover, MANOVA was conducted to investigate the impact of gender and year of enrollment on perceived TPACK on genetics of preservice science teachers. The results revealed that genetic knowledge was correlated with each component except the perceived project specific technology knowledge. Moreover, there were positive significant correlations among the components of the TPACK. According to the MANOVA results, the mean scores of male and female preservice science teachers differ in five components of TPACK, namely project specific technology knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, technological content knowledge and technological pedagogical content knowledge. The results of MANOVA for year of enrollment revealed that the mean ETK, GTK, PSTK, and CK scores of participants with different year of enrollment differ significantly.
39
Ferragina, Alessandro. "New phenotypes predictions obtained by innovative infrared spectroscopy calibrations and their genetic analysis in dairy cattle populations." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424294.
Abstract:
The main objective of this thesis was to assess the infrared spectroscopy for the prediction at individual level of “new phenotypes” related to the technological properties of the cow milk, testing classic and innovative statistical approaches and evaluating the genetic parameters for a possible inclusion of the predicted traits in the selection indices as indirect selection method.
A total of 1,264 individual milk samples were used for an individual model cheese making procedure and 7 new cheese-making related traits were obtained: 3 measures of cheese yield as percentage of processed milk (%CYs; fresh cheese yield, total solids cheese yield, water retained in the curd) and 4 measures of milk nutrients retained in the curd or lost in the whey (%RECs; fat, protein, total solids and energy). The traditional milk coagulation properties (rennet coagulation time, RCT; curd firming time, k20; curd firmness at 30 and 45 min, a30 and a45 respectively ) were also measured using a Formagraph (Foss Electric A/S, Hillerød, Denmark) in a curd firmness (CF) testing time of 90 min. Using all the 360 information of the CF test recorded for each sample over the 90 min, some new modeled parameters were also obtained (modeled rennet coagulation time, RCTeq; asymptotical potential value of CF at an infinite time, CFP; curd-firming rate constant, kCF; curd-syneresis rate constant, kSR; maximum level of CF, CFmax; time at which CF attains the maximum level, tmax;). For each sample two Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were collected with a MilkoScan FT6000 (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark) over the spectral range from 5,000 to 900 wavenumber × cm-1, and averaged before data analysis. A first chemometric process was carried out, using the WinISI II software (Infrasoft International LLC, State College, PA) in which the partial least square regression (PLS) models are implemented, for the prediction of %CYs and %RECs. High prediction accuracies were found except for the fat recovery. In order to improve the prediction accuracy, Bayesian models, commonly used for genomic data, were tested and compared with PLS models.
The results have shown that for those traits that are difficult to be predicted, the Bayesian models perform better than PLS. Using an external validation procedure, the PLS was used for the prediction of %CYs and %RECs, while the BayesB model was used for the prediction of MCP and CF modeled parameters. In both cases the prediction accuracy found in validation, ranged from low to moderate. The genetic parameters of the predicted were estimated through a bivariate Bayesian analysis and linear models. Despite the low-moderate prediction accuracy in validation, the heritabilities of the predicted values were similar or higher than those of the corresponding measured values. The indirect selection of the studied traits was assessed through the genetic correlations between measured and predicted values, and the results shown that even when the coefficient of determination for the validation was moderate, the genetic correlations between predicted and measured values were always higher than the phenotypic correlations, and in the majority of cases near or higher than 90%.
The calibrations developed for the %CYs and %RECs have been used to obtain the predictions on a population data set consisting of about 200,000 spectra of individual milk samples of Holstein, Brown Swiss and Simmental dairy cows. The genetic parameters of the predicted traits were estimated and the heritability values were comparable to those of the measured traits. The genetic correlations of %CYs and %RECs with milk production and composition provide evidence that the current selection paradigm used in dairy cattle may have a limited effects on the technological parameters. Milk protein and fat content do not explain all the genetic variations of %CYs and (in particular) %RECs, thus, these traits could be directly selected to improve the cheese making aptitude of milk and its correlated economic valueL’obiettivo principale di questa tesi è stato quello di valutare l’efficienza della spettroscopia a infrarosso per la predizione, a livello individuale, di “nuovi fenotipi” che descrivono le proprietà tecnologiche del latte bovino. Sono stati testati approcci statistici di calibrazione classici e innovativi, e sono stati inoltre stimati e valutati i parametri genetici delle predizioni ottenute per verificarne la possibile inclusione negli indici di selezione come metodo indiretto. Su un totale di 1,264 campioni di latte individuale, sono state effettuate le analisi che hanno previsto l’impiego di una procedura standard di micro-caseificazione per la misura di 7 caratteri relativi alla trasformazione casearia, in particolare sono state rilevate 3 misure di resa espresse come percentuale del latte lavorato, (%CYs; resa a fresco, resa in solidi totali, acqua ritenuta nella cagliata) e 4 misure di recupero di nutrienti nella cagliata o persi nel siero (%RECs; grasso, proteina, solidi totali ed energia). Le proprietà di coagulazione tradizionali (tempo di coagulazione, RCT; tempo di rassodamento, k20; consistenza del coagulo a 30 e 45 minuti dall’aggiunta del caglio, a30 e a45 rispettivamente) sono state misurate con un Formagraph (Foss Electric A/S, Hillerød, Denmark) in un test della consistenza del coagulo (CF) di 90 min. Utilizzando tutte le 360 informazioni di CF per campione registrate nei 90 min, sono stati inoltre ricavati, attraverso un modello matematico, dei nuovi parametri (tempo di coagulazione modellizzato, RCTeq; valore asintotico potenziale di CF per un tempo infinito, CFP; costante di rassodamento, kCF; costante di sineresi, kSR; valore massimo di CF, CFmax; tempo necessario affinché CF raggiunga il livello massimo, tmax). Per ogni campione sono stati raccolti due spettri a infrarosso in trasformata di Fourier (FTIR), utilizzando un MilkoScan FT6000 (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark) nel range spettrale compreso tra 5,000 e 900 onde × cm-1, i due spettri sono stati mediati prima delle analisi. Un primo processo di calibrazione è stato effettuato per la predizione di %CYs e %RECs, utilizzando il software WinISI II (Infrasoft International LLC, State College, PA) in cui sono implementati dei modelli basati sulla partial least square regression (PLS). I risultati ottenuti hanno mostrato ottime accuratezze di predizione tranne che per il recupero di grasso. Per migliorare le accuratezze di predizione, sono stati testati dei modelli Bayesiani, comunemente usati in genomica, e confrontati con la PLS. Dai risultati ottenuti, per alcuni caratteri difficili da predire, si è visto che i modelli Bayesiani hanno delle prestazioni migliori. Utilizzando una procedura di validazione esterna come metodo di valutazione delle prestazioni di calibrazione, la PLS è stata utilizzata per la predizione di %CYs e %RECs, mentre i modelli Bayesiani sono stati utilizzati per la predizione delle proprietà di coagulazione e per i parametri derivanti dalla modellizzazione della consistenza del coagulo. In entrambi i casi i risultati ottenuti, relativi all’accuratezza di predizione, hanno mostrato un’efficienza medio bassa. Inoltre, sono stati stimati i parametri genetici dei valori predetti nel processo di validazione e nonostante la medio-bassa accuratezza delle predizioni, le ereditabilità dei valori predetti sono state simili o più alte dei corrispondenti valori misurati. L’impiego dei valori predetti come metodo di selezione indiretta è stato valutato attraverso la stima delle correlazioni genetiche tra valori predetti e misurati. I risultati hanno dimostrato, anche in questo caso che le correlazioni genetiche erano sempre superiori a quelle fenotipiche e nella maggior parte dei casi vicine o superiori al 90%. Infine, le equazioni di predizione sviluppate per %CYs e %RECs, sono state impiegate per la predizione di questi fenotipi su un set di dati costituito da circa 200,000 spettri di campioni individuali di latte di vacche di razza Frisona, Bruna e Pezzata Rossa italiane. I parametri genetici delle predizioni ottenute per ogni carattere sono stati stimati, dimostrando di essere ereditabili, con valori di ereditabilità simili a quelli dei valori misurati. Le correlazioni genetiche tra i valori predetti di %CYs e %RECs, e quelli relativi ai dati produttivi e di composizione del latte, hanno dimostrato che i modelli di selezione in uso hanno un effetto limitato sul miglioramento dei parametri tecnologici. Proteina e grasso del latte non spiegano tutta la variabilità genetica di %CYs e, in particolare, di %RECs, quindi per il miglioramento dell’attitudine casearia e conseguente valorizzazione economica del latte, questi caratteri andrebbero selezionati direttamente
40
Said, Ahmad. "Feuilletages mesurés et feuilletages transversalement affines." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00862939.
Abstract:
On étudie les feuilletages transversalement affines des surfaces compactes, avec ou sans bord. On met en relation plusieurs méthodes de construction de tels feuilletages: application de premier retour et échanges d'intervalles affines (pour un feuilletage pas nécessairement orientable); mesure brisée sur un réseau ferroviaire; feuilletage mesuré sur le revêtement universel avec automorphismes du revêtement agissant de manière affine; recollement le long de leur bord de surfaces munies de feuilletages affines. On étudie l'injectivité des applications à image dans l'espace des classes d'équivalence des feuilletages transversalement affines qui résultent de ces diverses constructions.
41
Barrett, Emily Lord. "The Investigation and Optimization of a Two-Heat-Pump System Incorporating Thermal Storage for Shaping Residential Heating Load." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3025.
Abstract:
Portland General Electric has proposed coupling one or more water tanks with two heat pumps in order to perform load-shifting in residential customer heating and cooling applications. By using the water tanks as a thermal storage unit, this project attempts to partially decouple energy consumption from generation to provide peak demand reduction and to better facilitate the integration of variable renewable energy resources. A scoping study was performed to evaluate the potential impact of this project if implemented in single family homes in Portland, Oregon. This study revealed that the system could provide meaningful savings in the cost of electricity to both the customer and utility. Additionally, an optimization algorithm was developed to dictate system operation and to maximize gains to the utility. Evolutionary algorithms were explored in an attempt to increase the effectiveness of the algorithm's search in limited computation time. Ultimately, an evolution strategy was selected as the most suitable based on tests run in winter and spring months. A genetic algorithm was then developed to handle fixed-speed heat pump operation for compatibility with an alpha-system prototype that has been developed by the research team.
42
Ríos, Camacho Xosé Carlos. "Mozarabismo en la Gallaecia Altomedieval. Estudios generales y análisis desde sus fuentes documentales monásticas (siglos VIII, IX, X y XI)." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/11017.
Abstract:
El objetivo de esta aproximación al fenómeno de la mozarabización-arabización de las gentes desplazadas desde Al-Ándalus o ubicadas y desplazadas en territorios de la amplia Gallaecia y fronteras, es poder ver su huella, seguir su rastro allá donde se localice cualquier fenómeno de tradición latino-romance y andalusí. Los datos de contexto de la Ylliqiyya son claves más allá de la Galiza nuclear, en las fronteras (Marcas Inferior, Al-Tagr al garbi y Central, cabeza y discurso del Duero) e interior, y así nuestras fuentes documentales monásticas seleccionadas (tumbos de Sobrado, Samos, Celanova y Castañeda sanabrés) son capaces de enfocar onomástica-antroponimia, léxico, objetos de extracción comercial y litúrgicos, toponimia-hagiotoponimia, y esos nuevos caminos de investigación que atisbamos en los siglos VIII al XI.The objective of this approach to the phenomenon of the mozarabization-arabicization of the people moved from Al-Ándalus or located and moved in territories of the ample Gallaecia and borders, is to be able to see its track, to follow its sign there where any phenomenon of Latin-Romance and andalusí tradition is located. The data of context of the Ylliqiyya are keys beyond the nuclear Galiza, in the borders (Marks Inferior, Al-Tagr al Garbi and Power station, head and route of the Duero) and interior, and thus our selected monastic documentary sources (tumbles of Sobrado, Samos, Celanova and Castañeda) are able to focus onomastic-anthroponymy, lexicon, objects of commercial extraction and liturgical, toponymy-hagiotoponymy, and those new ways of investigation that we watched in centuries VIII to the XI.
43
Arif, Faisal. "Three Essays on the Economics of Climate Change." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20721.
Abstract:
Thesis Abstract:
Chapter I: Regional burden sharing of GHG mitigation policies – A Canadian perspective. The distribution of the burden of cost arising from the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a contentious issue in policy discussions; more so among regional jurisdictions in the federalist countries with decentralized authorities over environmental regulations. In this setting, often the policy discussions are focused on the distribution of regional emission reduction targets that, in turn, entails negotiations over the distribution of the scarcity rents and the regional transfers of wealth. The allocation of regional emission entitlements is thus a key factor that could hinder the political feasibility of a national GHG mitigation policy. In this paper, we build a multi-region computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the Canadian economy to assess the implications of different burden sharing rules governing the national GHG abatement policy with a cap-and-trade system of emission permits. In addition to assessing the impacts of traditional regional emissions allocation rules that involve intra-regional transfers of wealth, we consider a particular emission allocation that avoids such transfers, which may be a more palatable option given the context of likely fierce negotiations over the issue. Our results indicate to differing outcomes depending on the allocation policy in use. The CGE framework is also able to shed light on the transmission mechanisms that drive the results underlying the policy options.
Chapter II: Endogenous technological change and emission allowances. Given the imminent threat of global warming due to GHG emissions, a number of emission mitigation policies have been proposed in the literature. However, they generally suffer from the classical equity-efficiency trade-off. High costs from equity concerns often render environmental policies politically unattractive and thus hard to implement. Recent advancement in the climate policy modeling literature that incorporates endogenous technological change (ETC) into the framework can potentially bring new insights into this debate. Using an inter-temporal, multi-sector CGE approach with ETC incorporated into the framework, this paper builds a model that focuses on the equity-efficiency debate for the policymakers. Canada is chosen as the country of investigation for this purpose. The paper provides a new welfare ranking of four permit allocation policies that address the equity-efficiency trade-off. In a second-best setting with pre-existing distortions, output-based allocation (OBA) of emission permits is compared to three other policy options: (i) an emissions trading system with grandfathered allocation (GFA), (ii) an auction permit trading system where permit revenue is recycled to lower payroll taxes (RPT), and (iii) a hybrid of OBA and R&D subsidy (O-R&D). We find that adapting OBA, as well as O-R&D, is welfare improving over GFA. The implicit output subsidy, entailed in the OBA policy, mitigates against the rising cost effect in the GFA policy. This is reinforced through added investment incentive in R&D when ETC in incorporated into the framework. With O-R&D, since the R&D subsidy corrects for market imperfections in the knowledge accumulation process, the effect is further bolstered, culminating into mitigation of uneven distributional outcome for energy-intensive industries as a whole. Contrary to previous results, we also find that, in terms of the welfare metric, OBA unequivocally improves the distributional outcome across sectors as compared to the RPT policy. Inclusion of ETC also unequivocally generates a higher welfare ranking for all permit policy schemes.
Chapter III: Emission permit banking and induced technological change. This paper attempts to undertake an exploratory research by integrating two themes in the emission mitigation policy literature, which include: the inter-temporal emission permit banking and borrowing and the role of induced technological change in emission mitigation. Using a simple optimal control approach, we construct a unified framework that evaluates the optimal path of emissions and the optimal trajectory of permit price when both inter-temporal banking and borrowing of permits and the effects of induced technological change (ITC) are present. We find that ITC leads to a declining emission trajectory over time. The effect of ITC on the optimal permit price path, however, is ambiguous and critically depends on the extent of marginal cost saving that emanates from emission-saving technological innovation.
44
Solomons, Cecily. "Organisational discourses : electronic windows on the work of HIV/AIDS-care organisations." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6745.
Abstract:
Thesis (MPhil (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis is interested in textual features of websites which cover the same kind of content, but represent different organisations and address different kinds of audiences. Specifically, it investigates how information on HIV/AIDS is multimodally represented on the webpages of two non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and two governmental organisations. First, the websites of the national Department of Health and of a provincial Department of Health (Western Province) are scrutinised. Second, the websites of the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) and Avert, NGOs with a special interest in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS in southern Africa, are investigated. The aim of the research is to consider aspects of layout, the use of multimodality, and the introduction of selected themes and concerns foregrounded in the selected websites. The focus of the thesis is on the transmission of information, particularly through the electronic media, by investigating multimodal elements (language, images, sound, colours) and the layouts of websites, in order to identify possible interpretations which the intended audiences may afford the various texts. The analysis of the sites relies theoretically on the metafunctions developed by Halliday (1985) in his systemic functional linguistic framework. It also refers to an extension of Halliday’s work developed to allow multimodal discourse analysis that considers aspects of visual design and placement, developed by Kress and van Leeuwen (1996, 1998) and Kress (2003, 2005). These approaches focus on text, multimodal elements, the placements thereof on a page as well as the coherence between design of layouts and communicative modes that intend to send a convincing and meaningful message. The thesis also refers to Critical Discourse Analysis in that it considers matters of language and power in internet based communication. It seems that the governmental sites are set up with an audience in mind who needs to be informed on policy matters, while the NGO sites are set up with a more vulnerable audience in mind. One kind of web-communication is likely to alienate the exact people who should be receiving state support and treatment in the face of HIV/AIDS. Another is aimed more at supporting activism against the perceived lethargy of the state. A third supports various charities that reach out to communities where HIV-infection rates are particularly high. The interpretation of multimodal pages requires knowledge of website design for educational purposes as well as information on usage of the internet to get sufficient information. Further, access of the intended audience to electronic communication needs to be considered as this will determine whether the seriousness of the illness and possible prevention or treatment, is well communicated, especially to those who have been identified as most vulnerable to new infection. The thesis finds that electronic communication cannot be the first step to circulating information related to HIV/AIDS. Non-governmental and governmental institutions are still dependent on other forms of media than websites, thus on the printed media, radio and television, and on campaigns or community based projects to communicate with particular audiences. Electronic communication is complex in that it works with various modes (visual, verbal, audial) and requires some technical sophistication from producers and receivers of texts. Theories of communication and discourse analytic methodologies can assist in our understanding of how the internet succeeds or fails in circulating critical health care information. However, to gain a reliable understanding of how the internet functions in transmitting HIV-information to all interest groups, received knowledge of other areas of scholarly interest in health care communication, such as multilingualism, sociology, anthropology, behavioural sciences, cognitive psychology or brain research elaborations, would eventually have to be considered as well.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis stel belang in tekstuele kenmerke van webwerwe wat dieselfde tipe inhoud weergee, maar verskillende organisasies verteenwoordig en verskillende tipes gehore aanspreek. Dit ondersoek spesifiek hoe inligting oor MIV/Vigs multimodaal op die webbladsye van twee nie-regeringsorganisasies (NRO’s) en twee regeringsorganisasies aangebied word. Die webwerwe van die Nasionale Departement van Gesondheid en die Provinsiale Departement van Gesondheid (Wes-Kaap) word eerstens noukeurig ondersoek. Tweedens word die webwerwe van die Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) en Avert, NRO’s met spesiale belang in die voorkoming en behandeling van MIV/Vigs in suidelike Afrika, ondersoek. Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om oor aspekte van uitleg, die gebruik van multimodaliteit en die invoering van spesifieke temas en sake wat op die geselekteerde webwerwe beklemtoon word, na te dink. Die tesis se fokus in op die oordrag van inligting, veral deur die elektroniese media, deur multimodale elemente (taal, beelde, klank, kleur) en die uitleg van webwerwe te ondersoek, om sodoende verskillende moontlike interpretasies wat die bestemde gehoor aan die verskeie tekste mag heg, te identifiseer. Die analise van die webwerwe steun teoreties op die metafunksies wat deur Halliday (1985) ontwikkel is in sy grammatikale raamwerk, Systemic Functional Grammar. Dit verwys ook na ’n uitbreiding op Halliday se werk, wat deur Kress en Van Leeuwen (1996, 2005, 1998) en Kress (2003) ontwikkel is om multimodale diskoersanalise toe te laat wat aspekte van visuele ontwerp en plasing oorweeg. Hierdie benaderings fokus op teks, multimodale elemente, die plasing daarvan op ‘n bladsy en die koherensie tussen die ontwerp, uitleg en kommunikatiewe modusse. Dit kyk na hoe hierdie elemente saamwerk om ’n oortuigende en betekenisvolle boodskap uit te stuur. Hierdie tesis verwys ook na aspekte van Kritiese Diskoersanalise wat betrekking het op kwessies van taal en mag in internetgebaseerde kommunikasie. Dit kom voor asof die regeringswebwerwe ontwerp is met ’n gehoor in gedagte wat oor beleidskwessies ingelig moet word, terwyl die NRO-webwerwe ontwerp is met ’n meer weerlose gehoor in gedagte. Lg. gehoor word ingelig oor die siekte en behandelingsmoontlikhede eerder as beleid. Een soort web-kommunikasie sal waarskynlik dié mense wat juis regeringsondersteuning teen MIV/Vigs behoort te ontvang, vervreem. ’n Ander soort is meer daarop gerig om aktivisme teen die staat se vermeende traagheid te ondersteun. ’n Derde soort kommunikasie ondersteun verskeie liefdadigheidsorganisasies wat uitreik na gemeenskappe waar MIV-infeksiekoerse besonder hoog is. Die interpretasie van multimodale webwerwe vereis kennis van webwerf-ontwerp vir opvoedkundige doeleindes asook inligting oor die gebruik van die internet om voldoende inligting te bekom. Verder moet die bestemde gehoor se toegang tot elektroniese kommunikasie in ag geneem word, aangesien dít sal bepaal of die erns van die siekte en moontlike voorkoming of behandeling, goed weergegee word, veral aan dié wat s besonder blootgestel is en dus hoë risiko loop vir nuwe infeksie. Die tesis bevind dat elektroniese kommunikasie nie die eerste stap kan wees in die proses om inligting oor MIV/Vigs te sirkuleer nie. Nie-regerings- en regeringsorganisasies is steeds afhanklik van ander media as webwerwe, soos drukmedia, radio, televisie en veldtogte of gemeenskapsgebaseerde projekte, om met bepaalde gehore te kommunikeer. Elektroniese kommunikasie is kompleks omdat dit met verskeie modusse (visueel, verbaal, oudio) werk en tegniese sofistikasie van vervaardigers en ontvangers van tekste vereis. Teorieë van kommunikasie en diskoersanalise-metodologieë kan ons insig in hoe die internet daarin slaag (of nie) om belangrike gesondheidsorginligting te versprei. Om egter ’n betroubare begrip vir die werking van die internet as verspreider van MIV-inligting aan alle belange-groepe te verkry, moet kennis van ander areas van belangstelling in gesondheidsorg-kommunikasie, soos veeltaligheid, sosiologie, antropologie, gedragswetenskappe, kognitiewe psigologie of brein-navorsing, ook uiteindelik oorweeg word.
45
Schumacher, Katja. "Innovative energy technologies in energy-economy models." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15654.
Abstract:
Die Einführung neuartiger Energietechnologien wird allgemein als der Schlüssel zur Senkung klimaschädlicher Treibhausgase angesehen. Allerdings ist die Abbildung derartiger Technologien in numerischen Modellen zur Simulation und ökonomischen Analyse von energie- und klimaschutzpolitischen Maßnahmen vielfach noch rudimentär. Die Dissertation entwickelt neue Ansätze zur Einbindung von technologischen Innovationen in energie-ökonomische allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle, mit dem Ziel den Energiesektor realitätsnäher abzubilden. Die Dissertation adressiert einige der Hauptkritikpunkte an allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodellen zur Analyse von Energie- und Klimapolitik: Die fehlende sektorale und technologische Disaggregation, die beschränkte Darstellung von technologischem Fortschritt, und das Fehlen von einem weiten Spektrum an Treibhausgasminderungsoptionen. Die Dissertation widmet sich zwei Hauptfragen: (1) Wie können technologische Innovationen in allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle eingebettet werden? (2) Welche zusätzlichen und politikrelevanten Informationen lassen sich durch diese methodischen Erweiterungen gewinnen? Die Verwendung eines sogenannten Hybrid-Ansatzes, in dem neuartige Technologien für Stromerzeugung und Eisen- und Stahlherstellung in ein dynamisch multi-sektorales CGE Modell eingebettet werden, zeigt, dass technologiespezifische Effekte von großer Bedeutung sind für die ökonomische Analyse von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen, insbesondere die Effekte hinsichtlich von Technologiewechsel und dadurch bedingten Änderungen der Input- und Emissionsstrukturen. Darüber hinaus zeigt die Dissertation, dass Lerneffekte auf verschiedenen Stufen der Produktionskette abgebildet werden müssen: Für regenerative Energien, zum Beispiel, nicht nur bei der Anwendung von Stromerzeugungsanlagen, sondern ebenso auf der vorgelagerten Produktionsstufe bei der Herstellung dieser Anlagen. Die differenzierte Abbildung von Lerneffekten in Exportsektoren, wie zum Beispiel Windanlagen, verändert die Wirtschaftlichkeit und die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und hat wichtige Implikationen für die ökonomische Analyse von Klimapolitik.Energy technologies and innovation are considered to play a crucial role in climate change mitigation. Yet, the representation of technologies in energy-economy models, which are used extensively to analyze the economic, energy and environmental impacts of alternative energy and climate policies, is rather limited. This dissertation presents advanced techniques of including technological innovations in energy-economy computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. New methods are explored and applied for improving the realism of energy production and consumption in such top-down models. The dissertation addresses some of the main criticism of general equilibrium models in the field of energy and climate policy analysis: The lack of detailed sectoral and technical disaggregation, the restricted view on innovation and technological change, and the lack of extended greenhouse gas mitigation options. The dissertation reflects on the questions of (1) how to introduce innovation and technological change in a computable general equilibrium model as well as (2) what additional and policy relevant information is gained from using these methodologies. Employing a new hybrid approach of incorporating technology-specific information for electricity generation and iron and steel production in a dynamic multi-sector computable equilibrium model it can be concluded that technology-specific effects are crucial for the economic assessment of climate policy, in particular the effects relating to process shifts and fuel input structure. Additionally, the dissertation shows that learning-by-doing in renewable energy takes place in the renewable electricity sector but is equally important in upstream sectors that produce technologies, i.e. machinery and equipment, for renewable electricity generation. The differentiation of learning effects in export sectors, such as renewable energy technologies, matters for the economic assessment of climate policies because of effects on international competitiveness and economic output.
46
Ševela, Ondřej. "Příprava a realizace výrobní haly v Holešově." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392129.
Abstract:
The diploma work has been dealing with the building and technological design of a production hall in Holešov. The work includes the general and specification report, the study of main technological phases, the site plan, the technological specification solving the transportation relations and coordination of oversize transportation, time and financial schedule of the construction, material supply plan including staff review, the time schedule for pre-cast frame assembly, machinery plan including the time employment, the site plan including the drawings, technological specification of pre-cast frame assembly and of steel-fibre-reinforced floor, inspection and test plan of pre-cast concrete frame assembly, assessment of lifting mechanism, the procedure scheme of pre-cast concrete frame assembly and the cost estimate of pre-cast concrete frame.
47
Boidart, Emeline. "La réglementation des drones civils au niveau international : entre progrès technologiques et problématiques juridiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3033.
Abstract:
Les drones font aujourd’hui partie de notre quotidien. Ces objets nous entourent de plus en plus et traversent les frontières. Qu’ils soient utilisés à but récréatif, dans le domaine militaire ou bien pour des activités professionnelles, les drones connaissent un développement fort, une croissance sans précédent. Ce développement consistera à traiter du sujet des drones civils à usage professionnel qui représentent le plus vaste domaine des aéronefs sans pilote. Les drones de loisirs, tout comme les drones militaires, ont une croissance importante, mais moindre par rapport aux drones civils professionnels.Ces nouvelles technologies possèdent un potentiel considérable pour de nombreuses entreprises qui se lancent dans la prestation de services par le biais d’aéronefs sans pilote. De plus en plus d’activités sont développées dans de nombreux secteurs, les entreprises prennent conscience de la capacité de travail que peuvent représenter ces appareils, et il est important de mener à bien ce marché prometteur. Force est de constater qu’aucune activité n’est réellement possible sans cadre juridique. En quelques années, nous avons vu l’usage des drones se démocratiser. L’actualité a montré que cette utilisation se faisait quelque fois de manière dangereuse et négligente, avec de nombreux incidents relevés. Il est donc nécessaire de mettre en place des règles que chaque utilisateur doit respecter, que ce soit pour un usage à but récréatif ou professionnel. La France, et quelques États dans le monde, font partie des précurseurs à avoir travaillé de manière exhaustive sur une réglementation. Celle-ci est certes stricte, peut-être même trop, mais elle permet néanmoins d’éviter au mieux les dérives voire les accidents.Aujourd’hui encore beaucoup d’États n’ont pas adopté de réglementation concernant l’activité de drones au sein de leur territoire. Cela pose un sérieux problème de sécurité, puisque dans ces États, des activités de drones sont réalisées alors qu’aucune règle à suivre n’a pour le moment été donnée.Pourtant, les entreprises ont un réel besoin de réglementation pour développer au mieux leurs activités, travailler sur de nouvelles technologies. Les innovations ont toujours la nécessité d’avoir un cadre juridique solide, pour savoir quel est leur champ d’action. Le droit va de pair avec les progrès technologiques, et pourtant celui-ci connaît souvent un retard de développement par rapport aux innovations. Les États se trouvent face à la croissance toujours plus importante des activités de drones sur leur territoire, alors qu’aucune réglementation n’a été instaurée. Une réglementation est donc nécessaire pour tous les États, pour encadrer au mieux l’utilisation des aéronefs sans pilote et garantir une sécurité suffisante pour tous.Petit à petit, les États prennent conscience de l’importance de mettre en place des règles, certains ont effectué un travail complet en la matière, et d’autres s’en inspirent et commencent à réfléchir sur le sujet.Tous les États existants dans le monde représentent autant de réglementations possibles, même si certaines se ressemblent, le droit des drones est loin d’être unifié. Au contraire, il est multiple et très diversifié, ce qui peut poser un problème dans ce domaine.Il serait nécessaire de travailler sur une convergence, une harmonisation, entre toutes les réglementations existantes et qui se développent encore aujourd’hui. Il semble évident que le but de ce droit est de permettre une intégration pleine et entière des drones dans l’espace aérien mondial, parmi les autres usagers de la circulation aérienne générale que sont les aéronefs habités, civils ou militaires. Cette intégration est essentielle pour permettre aux États comme aux entreprises de travailler de manière commune sur des propositions réglementaires permettant une meilleure gestion du trafic aérien, ainsi qu’une cohabitation améliorée de toutes ces nouvelles technologies dont les activités ont encore un énorme potentiel à développerToday, unmanned aircrafts are undeniably part of our daily lives. These objects surround us more and more and cross the borders, because it is not only in France that these devices become more and more known, but also in the whole world. Whether they are used for recreational purposes, in the military field or for professional activities, unmanned aircrafts are experiencing strong development, unprecedented growth.This development will consist here of dealing with the subject of civilian commercial UAVs which undoubtedly represent the largest field of unmanned aircraft. Indeed, recreational UAVs, like military ones, have a significant growth, but less than civilian professional unmanned aircrafts.These new technologies have a great potential for many companies which work on service delivery through unmanned aircraft. More and more activities are being developed in many sectors, companies are becoming aware of the work capacity that these devices can represent, and it is important to carry out this promising market.However, it is clear that no activity is really possible without a legal framework. Indeed, in a few years, we have seen the use of UAVs becoming more democratic, especially in France. Current events have shown that this use is sometimes dangerous and careless, with many incidents noted. It is therefore necessary to put in place rules that each user must respect, whether for recreational or professional use.France, and some States in the world, are among the forerunners to work extensively on a regulation. This one is certainly strict, maybe even too much, nevertheless it makes it possible to avoid accidents.However, even today many States have not worked on regulations on the activity of unmanned aircrafts within their territory. This is a serious security problem, since in these States, UAVs activities are carried out whereas no rule has yet been given.Companies are on the front line, they have a real need for regulation to develop their business, working on new technologies. Innovations always need to have a solid legal framework, to know what their scope is.Law goes hand in hand with technological progress, and yet it is often lagging behind innovation. As a result, States are facing ever-increasing growth of UAVs activities on their territory, while no regulation has been introduced. Regulation is therefore necessary for all States, to better regulate the use of unmanned aircraft and to guarantee sufficient security for all.Little by little, States are becoming aware of the importance of putting rules in place, some have done a comprehensive job on the subject, and others are building on them and starting to think about it.Of course, all existing States in the world represent as many regulations, even if some are similar, the right of unmanned aircraft is far from unified. On the contrary, it is multiple and very diverse, which can be a problem in this area.Indeed, it would be necessary to work on a convergence, a harmonization, a consensus between all existing regulations and which are still developing today. It seems obvious that the purpose of this right is to allow full integration of unmanned aircrafts in the world's airspace, among other users of the general air traffic, civilian or military ones.This integration is essential to enable both States and companies to work together on regulatory proposals for a better air traffic management, as well as improved cohabitation of all these new technologies whose activities still have an enormous potential to develop
48
Jaume, Bennasar Andrés. "Las nuevas tecnologías en la administración de justicia. La validez y eficacia del documento electrónico en sede procesal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9415.
Abstract:
La tesis se encarga de analizar, por un lado, la integración y el desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías en la Administración de Justicia; y, por otro, los parámetros que constituyen la validez y eficacia del documento electrónico. La primera cuestión se centra en la configuración de los Sistemas de Información de la Oficina Judicial y del Ministerio Fiscal, así como de la informatización de los Registros Civiles, donde el art. 230 LOPJ es la pieza clave. Se estudian sus programas, aplicaciones, la videoconferencia, los ficheros judiciales y las redes de telecomunicaciones que poseen la cobertura de la firma electrónica reconocida, donde cobran gran relevancia los convenios de colaboración tecnológica. La digitalización de las vistas quizá sea una de las cuestiones con más trascendencia, teniendo en cuenta que el juicio es el acto que culmina el proceso. Aunque no todos los proyectos adoptados en el ámbito de la e.justicia se han desarrollado de forma integral, ni han llegado a la totalidad de los órganos judiciales. El objetivo final es lograr una Justicia más ágil y de calidad, a lo cual aspira el Plan Estratégico de Modernización de la Justicia 2009-2012 aprobado recientemente.
En referencia a la segunda perspectiva, no cabe duda que el Ordenamiento jurídico y los tribunales, en el ámbito de la justicia material, otorgan plena validez y eficacia al documento electrónico. Nuestra línea de investigación se justifica porque cada vez son más los procesos que incorporan soportes electrónicos de todo tipo, ya sea al plantearse la acción o posteriormente como medio de prueba (art. 299.2 LEC). Entre otros temas examinamos el documento informático, la problemática que rodea al fax, los sistemas de videograbación y el contrato electrónico.
La tesi s'encarrega d'analitzar, per una part, la integració i el desenvolupament de les noves tecnologies dins l´Administració de Justícia; i, per l'altra, els paràmetres que constitueixen la validesa i l'eficàcia del document electrònic.
La primera qüestió es centra en la configuració dels Sistemes d´Informació de l´Oficina Judicial i del Ministeri Fiscal, així com de la informatització dels Registres Civils, on l'art. 230 LOPJ es la peça clau. S'estudien els seus programes, aplicacions, la videoconferència, el fitxers judicials i les xarxes de telecomunicacions que tenen la cobertura de la firma electrònica reconeguda, on cobren gran rellevància els convenis de col·laboració tecnològica. La digitalització de les vistes tal vegada sigui una de les qüestions amb més transcendència, tenint amb compte que el judici es l'acte que culmina el procés. Però no tots el projectes adoptats en l'àmbit de la e.justicia s'han desenvolupat d'una manera integral ni han arribat a la totalitat dels òrgans judicials. L'objectiu final es assolir una Justícia més àgil i de qualitat, al que aspira el Pla Estratègic de Modernització de la Justícia 2009-2012 aprovat recentment.
En referència a la segona perspectiva, no hi ha dubte que l´Ordenament jurídic i els tribunals, en l'àmbit de la justícia material, donen plena validesa i eficàcia al document electrònic. La nostra línia d'investigació es justifica perquè cada vegada son més el processos que incorporen suports electrònics de tot tipus, ja sigui quant es planteja l'acció o posteriorment como a medi de prova (art. 299.2 LEC). Entre altres temes examinem el document informàtic, la problemàtica que envolta al fax, els sistemes de videogravació i el contracte electrònic.
The thesis seeks to analyse, on the one hand, the integration and development of the new technologies in the Administration of Justice; and, on the other, the parameters which constitute the validity and efficiency of the electronic document.
The first question centres on the configuration of the Information Systems of the Judicial Office and the Public Prosecutor, as well as the computerisation of the Civil Registers, where the art. 230 LOPJ it's the part key. Their programmes, applications, the Video Conferencing, the judicial registers and the telecommunication networks which are covered by the recognised electronic signatures, are studied, where the agreements on technological collaboration gain great relevance. The digitalisation of evidence might perhaps be one of the questions with most consequence, bearing in mind that the judgment is the act by which the process is culminated. Although not all the projects adopted within the compass of e.justice have developed completely nor have reached all the judicial organs. The final objective is to achieve an agile, quality Justice, to which the recently approved Strategic Plan for the Modernisation of Justice aspires.
With reference to the second perspective, there is no doubt that the juridical Ordinance and the tribunals within the compass of material justice grant full validity and efficacy to the electronic document. Our line of investigation is justified because there are more and more processes which are sustained by electronic supports of all kinds, whether it be at the establishment of the action or later, as a proof of it (art. 299.2 LEC). Amongst other things, we examine the computerised document, the problems which surround the fax, the systems for video recording and the electronic contract.
49
Wang, Shun-Her, and 王順合. "The Empowerment of General Education Teachers in Technological Universities under General Education Reform in Taiwan." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32409699140806431149.
Abstract:
博士高雄師範大學
教育學系
100
The purpose of this study was to explore “the empowerment awareness and experiences” of four general education teachers from three public or private technological universities under general education reform. It is based on the thoroughly interviews from each of these teachers during successive 18 months and developed the results by adopting qualitative research method. The observation focused on : 1.General education teacher empowerment process through self-awareness and experience construction. 2.The subject and object of the professional image . Can the accumulated energy of self-transformation provide feedback to the reform of schools and overall educational environment? That is, this study attempts to construct a process model to figure out the relations among general education reform, general education teacher empowerment and the professional image. In fact, the results show that among these three above, interactive relationship only exists between general education teacher empowerment and professional image, whereas others do one-way influence with top-down connection instead. This study provides the suggestions from three perspectives: 1. Future research : To care about the down-top interactive relationship among general education reform, general teacher empowerment and professional image. To use the participant observation and narrative inquiry method and concern about part-time general education teachers. 2. Four dimension of general education reform: To upgrade the status of technological university general education evaluation in legal aspect. It is also suggested that Ministry of Education (MOE) set up a “General Education Office” and give the opportunity for part-time general education teachers to apply for promotion at their own expense. On the practical dimension, it is recommended to encourage students to value general education curriculum and activities with life-oriented general curriculum and materials. On the dimension of knowledge, it is recommended that National Science Council set up the classification of general education which was responsible for the projects of general education and Ministry of Education budgets funded for general education research. 3. The strategies about general education teacher empowerment: There are seven strategies of structural or psychological empowerment.
50
Chen, Shiao-Ping. "Three essays on technological progress and international trade." Thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/16216.
Abstract:
The thesis is divided into three essays. In the first essay, a two-by-two model is formulated in which changes in price are caused by technological progress that takes place in one sector. It is found that the factor used intensively in the sector where technology advances will be better off in terms of both goods if the proportionate decrease in the price of that good is less than the proportionate increase in productivity; the other factor, although it suffers from the change in factor intensity, may still be better off due to the improvement in productivity.
The second essay deals with technology that is accessible to every one in the economy. Since technology is a public good, it pays to devote more resources in the creation of new technology if the population size is larger; productivity increases as the investments for new technology increase. The optimal level of population is reached when the positive effect of increased productivity is balanced by the negative effect of the increased labor size.
The third essay discusses two topics: first, the optimal level of technology acquisition; second, the international indebtedness. Productivity will increase because of the acquired technology; however, the secondary burden of the royalty payments will turn the terms of trade against the adopting country. The optimal level of technology acquisition is then reached when the gains from the acquired technology are balanced by the losses from the worsening terms of trade. In the second part of the third essay, the advanced country temporarily falls behind in the creation of technology but expects to regain the leading margin in productivity. Both countries can be better off if the advanced country now borrows from the backward country and pays the loan back with interest when the leading margin in technology of the advanced country is reestablished in the future.