Dissertations / Theses: 'Gender exclusion'

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Leoni, Julie. "Gender, deviance and exclusion." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2005. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/139/.

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This study investigated why boys were more likely to be excluded than girls. The main research site was an 11-16 comprehensive in a market town, although findings were triangulated through a project in a feeder junior school. The research evolved in two phases. Phase One involved 67 loosely structured, fifty minute interviews with pupils who had been excluded for a fixed term. Phase Two involved four action research projects which triangulated and developed the Phase One findings. The projects consisted of an Anger Management therapeutic group with some of the excluded boys interviewed in Phase One, two days of staff training in Transactional Analysis, a self-discovery club with junior school pupils at risk of exclusion and a year 7 drama curriculum which taught Transactional Analysis, conflict resolution, meditation, emotional literacy and self-awareness. Findings were analysed using Strauss and Glaser’s concepts of grounded theory, emergent themes and the constant comparative method. Transactional Analysis was used as a practical as well as an analytic tool. The practical research took place between 1999 and 2002. The study found that all of the children who had been excluded were either threatened with loss or had suffered or were suffering from losses which threatened their safety and/or security. The effects of these losses gave rise to the emotions of bereavement which included anger. Boys and some girls used the emotion of anger as a mask for other emotions such as sadness and fear. The masking of vulnerable emotions was part of the way in which the boys constructed their masculinites. The losses brought with them loss of attachment and low self-esteem which led to students being more influenced by their peer group than by the adults around them. It was found that it was possible to counter the effect of these losses and the negative effects of the anger. The action research methods proved to offer part of the answer to the research questions. Trust was central to the development of new attachments and teachers could develop this trust using Adult-Adult behaviours, from an ‘I’m OK, You’re OK’ life position. Positive strokes encouraged desired behaviour. However, central to the ability to use these techniques was the concept of self-awareness that could be accessed through talking and being listened to by some one who did not judge. Meditation also proved to be helpful in bringing awareness and minimising stress. The concept of the Drama Triangle proved invaluable in understanding what occurred during exclusion incidents. Techniques were found to work with staff, secondary and primary school pupils. The implications of the research are that it is possible for staff to minimise exclusion incidents directly and indirectly by modelling peaceful behaviours. The research shows that pupils get excluded when they are under stress and that it might be profitable to listen to them after an exclusion to elicit their feelings. The study recommends future research which develops these ideas in other settings and investigates what happens for the teachers during an exclusion incident.

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Beck, Rosalind D. "Integration or exclusion? : perceptions of gender equality in policing." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250392.

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Gender equality has been a marginalised topic within policing studies, with a very small pool of academics conducting work on this subject in recent years. This thesis aims to make a contribution to this at both a theoretical and empirical level. This is done by refining and extending theoretical models proposed by previous researchers, in the light of new data on policewomen's and their male colleagues' perceptions of gender equality in policing. Key theories, themes and findings in the thesis relate to organisational change, power and social control, masculinities and exclusion. Some of these concepts have not previously been systematically applied to policewomen's experiences. Other themes which have been applied to women in organisations more generally and on occasion, specifically to women in policing, include: stereotyping, visibility, isolation, sisterhood, double standards, the work-home balance and sexual harassment. These concepts are analysed, reflected in the findings, and extended in the concluding chapters. Previously, where empirical studies have been conducted, these have rarely, if ever, been the subject of follow-up studies using either the same research instruments or the same police service. Such follow-ups are an important method of measuring change over time. This study is thus partly a follow-up study of Jones' (1986) survey of one police service in England and Wales and also, that of Brown's (1991) and Anderson, Brown and Campbell's (1993) studies. Methods employed include a questionnaire survey, interviews and a focus group, using the same police force as Jones (1986), and many of the same questions. Anderson et al's (1993) questionnaire is also drawn upon, with amendments and additions. The study thus synthesises the methods used in two pivotal empirical studies (Jones, 1986; Anderson et al, 1993) on gender equality in the UK in the last two decades, as well as using grounded theory methods to explore emerging priorities in this area. As well as following up earlier work, therefore, the study sets a new baseline for further work. Whilst I found evidence of some improvement in women officers' position since the studies by Jones (1986) and Anderson et al (1993), women are still a marginalised group within policing and experience a range of discriminatory behaviour, some of which may have become more covert in recent years, but some of which is still quite openly expressed and tolerated.

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Wazed, Soniya. "Gender and social exclusion/inclusion : a study of indigenous women in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3314/.

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Since the nineteenth century, social exclusion and inclusion have been prominent concepts in policy debates across Europe. This thesis discusses the fact that poverty and social exclusion are often seen as closely related, overlapping or even indistinguishable in the existing literature. Thus there are no uncontested definitions of poverty, social exclusion and inclusion, and these concepts remain the subject of definitional disagreements among intellectuals. This research has tried to bring out these concepts in a gender perspective on Bangladesh as a developing country, examining indigenous women’s status at the domestic and wider societal levels and recent developments in this. The data were collected using qualitative methods. Data analysis was done through the qualitative approaches that are presented by thematic analysis. The findings of this research indicate that the processes of social exclusion and inclusion of indigenous people, especially women, need to be addressed in a policy paper, since creating appropriate policy tools would be the best way of spreading – rather than imposing – the basic values and standards necessary to give a sense of inclusion to all the people of Bangladesh. At the same time, this research has highlighted the fact that, though Chakma and Garo indigenous women live in communities with different social structures – patriarchal for Chakma women and matrilineal for Garo women – in practice these two groups share common life experiences.

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Sutherland, Laura A. "Right to Education - From Policy to Practice: Social Exclusion and Gender in Delhi's Primary Education System." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35008.

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This thesis explores patterns of access and experiences of meaningful access under India’s Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE Act) from a critical gender perspective (Fraser, 1997; Jackson, 1999). Within the RTE Act, special attention is given to Section 12(1)(c), the free private school seats provision. The argument is that in order to fully analyze education progress, research must advance beyond focusing on physical access to exploring indicators of meaningful access. This thesis discusses the construction of a quantitative variable, ‘silent exclusion’, as a composite drawn from wider qualitative research. The first available data from the Insights into Education household survey in Delhi are analyzed using statistical and econometric techniques. It was found that private unaided recognized schools remain inaccessible for the most marginalized households. Child’s sex was not found to have a significant effect on school management choice, and both boys and girls attended privately and publically managed elementary schools in the sample. Four access issues pertaining to the free seat provision were identified: public awareness; reaching intended beneficiaries; low success rates for applicants; and continuing financial challenges for households accessing a free seat. In terms of children’s schooling experiences, low levels of silent exclusion were reported overall. Explicit displays of discrimination and exclusion were not found in the sample; however, less visible displays of exclusion were noted, such as a lack of leadership opportunities for children from lower income households, scheduled castes/tribes, and children attending government-managed schools. A lack of political and social pressure to fully implement the RTE Act at the local level is evident, which raises the question of how much a law in itself can bring about social change in the education sector.

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5

Grant, Dennis Anthony. "Exclusion from school as conflict management : differential responses based on ethnicity and gender." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020788/.

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Carapinha, Rene. "Gender Differences in Perceived Organizational Exclusion-Inclusion: the Importance of Status Closure and Role Investments." Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3899.

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Thesis advisor: Ruth McRoy
Creating gender equality in situations of perceived organization exclusion-inclusion (OEI-the degree to which individuals feel a part of critical organizational processes such as access to information and influencing decision making processes) is a critical social and organizational justice concern (Mor Barak, 2011). Given the lack of understanding about gender differences in OEI, this study investigated this issue, as well as, the determinants of OEI, and the sources of gender differences in OEI across multiple worksites in different countries. Job status, work- and family-role investments, perception of work-family culture and gender-role beliefs were hypothesized as the main determinants and sources of gender differences in OEI. Data collected by the Sloan Center on Aging and Work for the Generations of Talent Study (GOT) in 2010-2011 were used to investigate the gender differences in OEI. Bivariate statistics, multivariate fixed effects models, and Blinder-Oaxaca regression decomposition analyses were used to test the hypotheses. Findings suggest that women's sense of OEI is significantly lower than that of men. This difference, although smaller, remains statistically significant after accounting for job status, work- and family-role investments, perception of work-family culture, gender-role beliefs, worksite variances, and control variables (age, race/ethnicity, optimism). Of these factors, job status and work-role investment differences between men and women are the greatest sources of the gender gap in OEI. No support was found for the influence of gender differences in family-role investments, gender-role beliefs, and perception of work-family culture on the gender OEI gap. Finally, women's more optimistic outlook on life, compared to men, attenuated the gender OEI gap. Guided by these findings, potential policy and/or practice interventions should be aimed at advancing greater gender equity in job status and supporting women's work-role investments. However, interventions aimed at changing women's work attitudes should not promote conformity to gendered organizational norms. Future research should aim to better understand the relationship between contextual factors and gender differences in OEI, and to examine the role of positive psychological characteristics (e.g. optimism) in OEI and the consequences of gender differences in OEI
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Social Work
Discipline: Social Work

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7

Gillard, Hazel. "Narratives of ICT exclusion and inclusion : exploring tensions between policy, gender and network engineer training." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2801/.

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This thesis analyses the attempt by the British government and a US corporation, Cisco Systems Inc., to address the low participation of women in ICT fields. It draws from government documentation on women's inclusion and contextualises this policy within a wider analysis of socio-economic exclusion. Three related cultures of inclusion emerge which are linked to improving the nation's access to the new economy, and central to each is the reconfiguration of democratic citizenship for people classified as socially excluded. Incorporating Cisco's and academic perspectives on gender and technology relations, a phenomenological perspective is used to unravel the reality of this present day snapshot of social and ICT exclusion and inclusion, with the Heideggerian concept of 'Gestell' reformulated to include a neo-Marxist framework and a gender analysis. Adopting the methodological approach of narrative and feminist critical theory, the thesis describes three key backgrounds to the related ICT policies and strategies and matches each with the experiences of students and staff engaged in the case study of the Cisco Certified Network Associate, a network engineer training programme. In contrasting these macro and micro accounts, the thesis seeks to explore underlying sites of tension to show how policy and practice are often in opposition to one another. Motivated by the research question of whether ontological security arises from the equity model of inclusion for a subset of the socially excluded, lone women parents, it is suggested that it does not. With the appearance of social control and not personal empowerment, greater insecurity is argued to accrue. In providing this analytical and empirical approach, the thesis seeks to contribute to current research on gender and technology by widening its remit of investigation, and provide an innovative, multidisciplinary and critical perspective to IS research.

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Andersson, Line, and Dahquist Linn Ahlman. "The Importance of Network for Board Representation in Sweden : Female Presence or Female Exclusion?" Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18451.

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Purpose - The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge about the nature of personal connections that board members on top corporate boards in Sweden hold with the contacts that have been of most importance for their board appointment. As a consequence this study explores similarities and differences in career background, skills, expertise and networking structure of women and men on board positions. Method - To fulfill the purpose we conduct an explorative quantitative study of qualitative nature using a survey to gather data. The survey concerns the relationship that is of self-perceived importance for the board member’s board appointment and address their experience and background. The population in our study is limited to board members from corporations that are traded on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm, with a stock market value over 150 million Euros Results – We find that board members hold weak ties with contacts that have played the most important role for their board appointment and both women and men mainly choose men as these contacts. Women on average have a higher educational level than men, while a higher proportion of men come from a professional background as an executive. Research Limitation - We limit our study to include self-perceived importance of contacts rather than the actual importance. Practical Implications – Our study contribute to the debate of the slow progress of gender equality on corporate boards by acknowledging that the preference among women and men to merely socialize with other men it can be a factor that increases the barriers for women to gain a position in the top corporate boards of Sweden. By acknowledging this underlying preference more board members may actively include women in their network. Additionally, successful board appointments are derived from contacts that are located outside the close personal network. This holds especially true for women who have made it into the boardroom despite the fact that they do not socialize for leisure activities.

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9

Allen, Sarah. "Narratives of Women Who Suffered Social Exclusion in Elementary School." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1405504885.

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Teixeira, José Maria Dias. "Os jovens e o tempo em Cabo Verde: subjetividades em transformação." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4614.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
A dissertação procurou debruçar-se sobre as condições de vida dos jovens, no contexto das relações de sexualidade, de gênero e de exclusão, face às aceleradas transformações sociais, educacionais, econômicas e políticas em Cabo Verde. A abordagem busca, a partir das informações disponíveis em estudos, das histórias ficcionadas em literatura, em memórias e experiências coletivizáveis, assim como nas efetuações e afetações inscritas na nossa trajetória individual/coletiva, dar visibilidade aos diferentes operadores categóricos que servem à preparação de um "futuro melhor para todos", procurando elucidar os regimes de poder que definem as formas a partir das quais vários problemas são reafirmados. São problemas cujas reconfigurações, hoje, são transcritas numa lista de comportamentos inadequados - muitos dos quais tidos por gravosos - que se transformam em formas comuns de se referir aos jovens. Pretendeu-se assim, na linha de pensadores como Michel Foucault, Felix Guattari e Gilles Deleuze, criar condições para desvencilhar-se das amarras que impedem que se comece a pensar sobre as condições que possibilitam aos jovens serem efetivamente protagonistas de si, protagonistas dos processos que conduzem à procura de soluções para os desafiantes problemas que pesam sobre eles.
This dissertation focus on life conditions of capeverdean youth, in terms of their sexuality and gender relationship and exclusion, and the way they face the social, educational, economic and political accelerated transformations in Cape Verde. This approach intends to point out a group of conceptual devices which are directed to prepare a ?better future for all? and tries to elucidate the regime in power that defines the way many problems are reinforced. We do that by using a research throughout information that are available on specific studies, from fictional stories and literature, and in memories and collective experiences, as well as the performance and affectation which are registered in our individual and collective paths. These are problems whose re-configuration are copied out on a list of ?donts? or bad behavior _ many of them are assumed as vexatious _ but become to ordinary ways of referring to young people. In fact, and according to Michel Foucault, Felix Guattari and Gilles Deleuze, we intend to create conditions and to untie our own thoughts so as we can find the best way to improve leadership among young people, and they can take care of themselves and think ahead in order to lead the processes which will drive them to face their conditions and find out the solution for the challenging problems which are a burden on their shoulders.

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Lapping, Claudia. "Institution, discipline and gender : an empirical study of in/exclusion in undergraduate American literature and political thought classes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10007416/.

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This research clarifies some processes of inclusion and social (re )production within the UK higher education system. It constitutes a description of the realisation in practice of differential modes of participation in undergraduate classes. The analysis presented here foregrounds the interaction between gender, academic discipline and educational institution in the production of these differential modes of participation. To do this, the thesis conceptualises gender, discipline and institution as relatively stable, relatively autonomous discursive fields, in relation to which students are positioned/position themselves when they contribute to class discussions. The empirical basis of the thesis comprises my observations of four undergraduate degree modules. I videoed a series of sessions on Political Thought and American Literature modules in a 'new', access oriented university and a 'traditional', highly selective university. I interviewed both students and tutors, basing the interview on extracts from the observed sessions. The opemng chapters present an initial analytic description of the disciplines, the institutions and the conception of gender that constitute the relatively stable structures in relation to which students position themselves. The description of the disciplines constitutes a detailed account of the object, methodology, and thus of the form of legitimate knowledge claims in Political Thought in contrast to American Literature. It also foregrounds the differential social positioning of the two disciplines. The conceptualisation of gender is based on a Lacanian definition of the feminine. The later chapters constitute my interpretation of students' positioning in the observed sessions. The main argument is that the intersections between discursive fields overdetermine the extent to which students can construct a position within the class that is both legitimate, in relation to the discipline, and coherent, in relation to the students' gender, institutional context and their existing interests and experiences. This analysis constitutes an innovative framework for the sociological description of the relationship between gender and academic disciplines.

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Bland-Lasso, Laura. "Challenging Social Exclusion Through Sport: A Case Study of Marginalized, Adolescent Girls in Bogotá, Colombia." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37769.

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Background: Gender inequality is widespread throughout Latin America, in large part due to a ‘machista’ culture in which women tend to be regarded as inferior to men. In Colombia, especially in low-income areas, women and girls are consistently excluded and marginalized. As a result of this, adolescent girls are susceptible to gang recruitment, teen pregnancy, and substance abuse. In similar settings globally, sport has been shown to be an effective tool for development and for the socialization and inclusion of youth. Few studies have taken place in Latin America, however, and hardly any of them have focused specifically on marginalized girls. This study aims to address this gap in literature by exploring how sport can break down barriers of exclusion and promote inclusion of marginalized, adolescent girls in Colombia. Methods: This qualitative, multi-methods study involved the analysis of data collected from semi-structured and key informant interviews, as well as participant observation sessions. All data collection was conducted in Cazucá, Colombia with participants from local NGO Tiempo de Juego (TDJ). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with adolescent girls between the ages of 11-18 who were participating in at least 1 sport at TDJ. Key informant interviews were conducted with TDJ staff and a guardian of several girls who participate in TDJ. Interview transcripts and participant observation memos and reflections were reviewed and coded to identify themes through thematic analysis. Results: All participants interviewed indicated that sport had a positive impact on their day to day lives. Three main themes and two sub-themes were identified during data analysis: 1) ‘Machismo’ in Colombia with sub-themes: i) Gender Roles and ii) Gender Norms, 2) Exclusion and marginalization, and 3) Empowerment through sport. Most participants spoke about the prevalence of machismo in Colombian society and how gender roles and norms limit the types of opportunities that are available to them. Participants expressed how, although they are marginalized based on where they live, sport provided them with a healthy activity to engage in as an alternative to the negative behaviours that they are susceptible to in their neighbourhoods. Sport provided them with an outlet to escape from their daily problems, and they felt that through sport, they were able to realize their self-worth and gain confidence in themselves. Conclusion: These findings suggest that sport can become a useful tool for promoting the inclusion of marginalized girls through empowerment. While sport was shown to break down some barriers of exclusion, further work must be done to explore its potential role in breaking down gender stereotypes that remain prevalent in Colombian culture. These results highlight the need for more sport programs that focus on marginalized girls in Latin American countries where women and girls remain a neglected population.

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Taskan, Serpil. "The Experiences Of Urban Poverty Among Recent Immigrants In Ankara: Social Exclusion Or Not?" Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608422/index.pdf.

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The aim of this study is to find some indications about social exclusion in some neighbourhoods in Ankara. Social exclusion has increasingly gained importance as a concept in contemporary social sciences. To attain this aim, firstly, a theoretical framework, through which theories of the concept of social exclusion, main dynamics and differences of this concept from the concept of poverty were discussed. Secondly, a field work was carried out in some squatter settlements in Ankara known as &ldquo
poor&rdquo
, to see whether there is social exclusion perceived and lived, by analysing recent immigrants&rsquo
daily life experiences of urban poverty and social exclusion. In this study, a qualitative approach formed the basis and in-depth interview were collected. The in-depth interviews were realized with 8 men, as heads of households, and 7 women, as spouses of heads of households, living in squatter settlements in Ankara in February and March 2007. All interviews were recorded and transcribed for the analysis Since De Haan&rsquo
s (1998) theory of social exclusion shaped the theoretical fame, his methodology and operationalization of social exclusion&rsquo
s multi-dimensionality were adapted in an attempt to identify experiences and &ldquo
examples&rdquo
of excluded and processes forming their exclusions. In conclusion, two main indicators&rsquo
, gender and ethnicity, impacts on the respondents&rsquo
experiences and perceptions of social exclusion appeared as follows: Gender has not appeared as a striking indicator that makes women perceive themselves as excluded. The reason for this has to be seen in the fact that do not have had any serious experiences of social exclusion. They did not mention any conditions of exclusion in terms of economic, social, cultural and political participation in the society that would lead to the experience of exclusion or to a perception of themselves as excluded. The recent women migrants interviewed have a very limited social interaction and direct participation in the social and local life. A reason might be seen in the existing patriarchal system still controlling gender roles in general and a lack of trust of the interviewed women migrants towards their social environment. Ethnicity, however, as an indicator has more determining effects on the respondents&rsquo
experiences of exclusion and on their perception of being excluded. Forcibly migrated Kurdish respondents&rsquo
experiences after migration to Ankara indicate that, their ethnic identity is a dynamic factor since: first, it results in exclusion from economic and social domains of life, though it does not make them be the &ldquo
poorest&rdquo
second, it makes them perceive themselves as excluded from these domains. Thus, at the last stage, it leads them into a kind of &ldquo
isolation&rdquo
from society, as response to exclusive attitudes of the society. In reaction they form ethnic based &ldquo
semi-isolated communities&rdquo
which can be described as: strong ethnic and familial/kinship-ties determining their social, cultural, economic life and also their geographical living spaces.

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Wilson, Kelly Robyn. "Do women reap the benefits? Exploring access and social exclusion among village chicken producers in Kenya." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563200862443867.

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Fernandes, Joaquim Alarico Araújo. "A importância do género no desenvolvimento das actividades do microcrédito: caso português." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2390.

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Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais
A exclusão social e a pobreza afectam os vários quadrantes da sociedade, tais como os desempregados, as pessoas com poucas habilitações literárias, os jovens, os imigrantes e as mulheres. Em todo o mundo o microcrédito é considerado um instrumento para combater estes dois fenómenos porque permite que os indivíduos criem o seu próprio negócio. A presente dissertação faz uma análise sobre a importância do género masculino e feminino no sucesso do microcrédito em Portugal e o papel que tem este instrumento na exclusão social. O microcrédito é concedido maioritariamente em Portugal às mulheres e com uma idade média de 38 anos, porém, ao contrário de vários países, o grau de exclusão é maior nos homens e são eles que estão mais dependentes em relação ao crédito. Por outro lado, as habilitações literárias e o estado civil são importantes para o sucesso de negócio.
The social exclusion and the poverty affect many sectors in our society, such as unemployment, people with lack of literacy skills, the young people, the immigrants and women. Microcredit is considered to be an instrument to fight against these two issues in the whole world as it allows the individuals to create their own business. The present article seeks to make an analysis in Portugal about the relevance of the gender male and female in microcredit. Microcredit is provided mainly in Portugal to women and to people with a mean age of 38 years, but unlike many countries, the degree of exclusion is greater in men and it is they who are most dependent on credit. Moreover, the educational level and marital status are important to business success.
A exclusaun social no moris kiak hanesan moras at ida mak kona ba ema barak, tamba serviçu la iha, ema nebé ho habilitasoens literárias kik, ema klosan no fetoran sira no mos ema sira nebé mai hosi rai seluk seluk. Ilha mundo tomak microcrédito ne'e hanesan buat diak ida, tamba ema sira sei hili nia hodi halao sira nia negócio rasik. Buat hotu hotu mak hatudo iha surat ne'esei buka atu halo analis importante ida kona ba idak idak nia na rasik hodi nuné, bele hetan sucesso microcrédito iha Portugal no nia hahalok hamutuk iha exclusaun social. Microcrédito ne'e iha Portugal sei fo'o liu liu ba ema feto sira nebé mak iah tinan 38 (tolunulo resin oalo), laós hanesan iha rai seluk seluk nebé exclusaun ne'e bot liu liu iha mane sira nia claran, tanba ne'e crédito sei monu lilu liu ba sira. Atu bele hetan credito ne'e tenke iha habilitasoens literaris no estado civil caben nain ou la caben.

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Bursell, Moa. "Ethnic Discrimination, Name Change and Labor Market Inequality : Mixed approaches to ethnic exclusion in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-79041.

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This thesis consists of four empirical studies on ethnic integration in the Swedish labor market. Studies I-III draw on a field experiment testing ethnic discrimination in the hiring process. Study I documents the existence of employer discrimination in response to equally merited applications with Arabic/African or Swedish names, and shows that foreign-named applicants have to send twice as many applications to receive a callback compared to Swedish-named applicants. Results also suggest that employers in female-dense occupations practice ethnic and gender compensation while employers in male-dense occupations practice only gender compensation. Study II reveals gendered differences in the intensity of employer stereotypes by testing how much more work experience is needed to eliminate the disadvantage of having an Arabic name on a job application. Results indicate a reverse gender gap, as initial differences in call-backs disappear for female applicants when CVs for Arabic-named applications are enhanced but remain strong and significant for male applicants. Study III evaluates criticism directed at residual analysis and field experiments that claims that they tell us nothing about real world discrimination and its long-term effects. By combining experimental and register data, Study III responds to this criticism by showing that the results of Study I correspond closely with real world labor market inequality of identical ‘twins’ (identified through propensity score matching) to the fictive individuals of Study I. Study IV explores the strategies underlying surname change from a Middle Eastern name to a more Swedish sounding one, drawing on 45 interviews with surname changers with a Middle Eastern background. The results indicate that immigrant name change is a pragmatic assimilation strategy. The study also illustrates how the institutional enabling of name change both creates and enables pragmatic assimilation.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Submitted. Paper 2: Submitted. Paper 3: Manuscript.

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MUGISHA, ERIC, and FREDRIKA OLSSON. "Exclusion and inclusion of women by corporate cultural processes : A case study in the IT and finance industries." Thesis, KTH, Organisation och ledning, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189447.

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This Master thesis investigates how cultural processes exclude, or might include, women from the corporate culture as well as how the cultural processes could impact the women’s abilities to career advancement within an organization that operates in the financial and IT industries. Previous studies have provided knowledge about culture and gender relations within the financial (Rutherford, 2001; Renemark, 2007) and IT-sectors (Davies and Mathieu, 2005: 12-22) respectively, but there is a lack of studies of financial service organizations in Sweden that operates in both these industries. These industries are described in earlier studies as having an uneven female representation at managerial levels (Nordling and Samuelsson, 2014; Rutherford, 2001) and organizational cultures that marginalizes women (Renemark, 2007; Davies and Mathieu, 2005: 12-22; Rutherford, 2001). Thereof is the corporate culture’s effect on women and female managers in particular, important to understand in an organizational constellation that strives to increase the number of female managers such as the case company in this study. This study utilizes a theoretical framework defined by Rutherford (2001) comprising nine cultural constituents that are interpreted as including several cultural processes. These cultural constituents are organizational background, Physical artefacts, Management style, the Long hours culture, Work ideology, Informal ways of socializing, Language and communication, Sexuality, and Gender awareness. The nine cultural constituents and the respective processes could have excluding effects, or possible including effects, on female managers position in the corporate culture and impact their further career advancement. In this study is the framework used to investigate the situation for female managers as well as the situation for the female employees as perceived at the managerial level. A case study methodology is used and the including data collection methods are; semi-structured interviews, secondary data, and a field study. Nine semi-structured interviews with managers that directly report to the executive team members constitute the main data gathering method. The findings show the existence of cultural processes related to all nine constituents at the case organization and how these processes impact women. These cultural processes exclude or include women from the corporate culture and impact female career advancement negatively or positively. The identified excluding cultural processes could constitute managerial implications for gender equality work. In addition, the findings provide knowledge of how the generic framework defined by Rutherford (2001) could be applied in the present corporate environment of an actor that operates in the Swedish IT and financial industries. Further, two adjustments of the framework are proposed. The constant connectivity provided by today’s technology proposes a more interlinked relationship between the long hour culture and the work ideology than earlier defined. Further, an extension of the cultural constituent Informal ways of socializing is proposed to incorporate several hierarchical levels to be applicable for young and less hierarchical actors.

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Allouache, Yannis-Adam. "Migration, Gender and the Political Economy of Care: The Exclusion of Migrant Domestic Workers and the Limits of Civic Nationalism in Taiwan." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36625.

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My thesis asks why Taiwan does not facilitate a path to citizenship to recent immigrants, despite the obvious advantages to do so, as the government’s attempt to promote its society as a model of civic nationalism in Asia, in relation to the pressing need to address labour shortages caused by population aging. I argue that the political economy of care provision that seeks to address the latter problem trumps concerns over national identity. I will look at the changes in the supply of labour in the sector of care since the 1990s as the evidence. Taiwan illustrates the case of East Asian nations’ rapid transition to post-industrial societies, which are now confronted with acute socio-demographic and care crises stemming from aging populations, low fertility rates and a traditional reliance on the family to provide social welfare. This thesis argues that this change in the supply of labour represents a key indicator of the multiple dimensions of the question of exclusion faced by migrant domestic workers in Taiwan. Civil society actors promoting Taiwan’s civic nationalism in the feminist and labour movements and in a few religious associations are unable to address the rights of foreign live-in caregivers because of the dynamics of the political economy of care in Asia and its dependence on migration for reproductive labour.

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Mulongoy, Melissa. "Discrimination, Social Exclusion and Vulnerability of the Garífuna Women in Guatemala; An Exploratory Study on Underlying Causes." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23681.

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The Garífuna are the smallest ethnic minority group in Guatemala, living primarily in the city of Livingston (known as Labuga, Wadimalu in Garífuna) located along the Caribbean coastline. Their unique history, ethnicity and culture has allowed them to preserve their way of life for centuries on the one hand but has also separated them from mainstream Guatemalan society on the other hand. The afro-descendent Garífuna community forms a small part of the overall indigenous group in Guatemala alongside the Maya and the Xinca groups; however unlike the larger indigenous groups and the remaining non-indigenous population, the Garífuna are ignored and are not included in the groups in need of development assistance for education, health, employment and security. The exclusion is even more pronounced for Garífuna women. This study was conducted to understand the reasons for the discrimination, socio-economic exclusion and vulnerability of Garífuna women within the Guatemalan society, what is currently being done to address the challenges and barriers Garífuna women are facing, and what further changes need to take place to bring about a transformation in their situation.

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Ouedraogo, Aicha Nadège. "Fistule obstétricale au Burkina Faso : mécanismes socioculturels, gestion de la maladie et exclusion sociale." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH090.

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L’étude porte sur les enjeux culturels et les mécanismes de pensée mobilisés dans l’interprétation de la maladie au Burkina Faso, qui influencent la prise en charge thérapeutique et le soutien familial dans l’accompagnement des femmes porteuses de fistule obstétricale (FO). Survenant lors d’un accouchement difficile, la FO est une fissure entre la vessie et le vagin, ou entre la vessie et le rectum, qui entraine des écoulements incontrôlés d’urine et/ou de matières fécales.En dehors des nuisances et des troubles de santé qu’engendrent de telles pertes, d’autres problématiques affiliées ponctuent le vécu des malades. Le travail a consisté à étudier, d’une part, les registres d’analyse et les pratiques relatives à la maladie dans la société burkinabé, et d’autre part, les dimensions sociales et symboliques liées à la pathologie. L’étude révèle, entre autres, que la FO étant principalement une maladie genrée ayant une forte connotation symbolique, le contexte de survenue ainsi que certains évènements concomitants jouent un rôle déterminant. D’autres facteurs tels que la complexité de l’itinéraire thérapeutique, l’absence d’hygiène rappelant la souillure, l’ignorance, la stérilité, etc., investissent les mécanismes de gestion et peuvent conduire à des actes de marginalisation ou d’exclusion sociale. Enfin, même si l’exclusion concerne de nombreux cas, elle provient en grande partie d’une surévaluation de certaines données et des erreurs de jugement des acteurs engagés dans l’étude et/ou la lutte contre l’affection. Au-delà, ces mésinterprétations constituent une entrave à l’efficience de la prise en charge, car transformant une question de santé publique en une question sociale, dont la résolution ne permet pas de guérir l’affection
The study investigated the cultural bets and the thought mechanism mobilized in disease interpretation in Burkina Faso that influence the medical care and the familial support in obstetric fistula (OF) victim’s accompaniment. OF is a cleft between the bladder and the vagina, or between the bladder and the rectum that may occur during a disturbed delivery and causes uncontrolled urine and fecal lost. Moreover, some nuisances and health troubles may be yielded by OF and victims face many social difficulties in their life. Our aim was to study the patterns records and the practices linked to the disease in burkinabé society. In addition, we aimed to study the social dimension and the symbolic linked to this pathology.The study reveals that OF which is a women disease with a high symbolic connotation, is associated with an occurrence context and concomitant events that play a key role. Other factors like therapeutic itinerary complexity, the lack of hygiene reminding the stain, lack of knowledge, the sterility, etc., hinder optimal disease management mechanism and may lead to marginalization and social exclusion.Finally, even though exclusion concerns several cases, it seems to be the result of overestimation of certain social data and judgment mistakes of actors engaged in the study and/or the fight against the pathology. Overall, these wrong interpretations constitute a barrier to medical care efficiency, turning a public health question to a social one. However, it remains uncertain that the social issue resolve is the key to recover from this pathology

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Rodgers, Naomi Alice. "“House and Techno Broke Them Barriers Down”: Exploring Exclusion through Diversity in Berlin’s Electronic Dance Music Nightclubs." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121659.

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Berlin is heralded worldwide as being a city that is open, innovative and diverse: a true multicultural metropolis. Music plays a central role in the city’s claim to this title. Go to any one of Berlin’s many notorious alternative nightclubs and you will hear techno, house and electronic dance music blasting out to hoards of enthusiastic partygoers. Many of these clubs and their participants claim that these parties represent diversity, acceptance, equality and tolerance: Spaces within which social divisions are suspended, difference is overcome and people are united. This ubiquitous discursive assertion is referred to in this thesis as a “diversity discourse”. This “diversity discourse” will be deconstructed and situated within a wider political context, with a specific focus on perceptions of race, ethnicity, sexuality and gender. Engaging with theories of intersectionality, post-colonial theory (looking specifically at Jasbir Puar’s important work on homonationalism) and employing qualitative methods such as in-depth interviews and autoethnographic inquiry, it will be argued that the “diversity discourse” works as a mask to conceal a reality of social segregation. Far from being sites of equality and diversity, it will be suggested that access to these nightclubs is premised on the possession of societal privilege. That being said, it will also be argued that research into EDM nightclub participation refrain from viewing these clubs within a binary framework of “good” or “bad”; Rather, they should be seen as complex sites of ambivalence, within which multiple identities are acted out and explored. The project contributes to the current body of work within the (post-) discipline of intersectional gender studies, arguing for the need for theorisations in the field to encompass notions of intersecting privilege and disadvantage.

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Franks, Kristin N. "Exclusion at the Border: Female Smugglers in Maria Full of Grace and Frozen River." Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1244470239.

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Göransson, Jonatan, and Puy Niklas du. "Kvinna i byggbranschen : En kvalitativ studie av kvinnors upplevelser av krav och förväntningar i en mansdominerad bransch." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Sociologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-31774.

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In today’slabor market there’s a distinct sectioning between the sexes where some of the labors are seen as more manly, while other labors are seen as typically female. But if you were to compare todays situation with how it once was there a clear pattern showing that more women and men are working in a labor dominated by the opposite sex. The aim of this study was to investigate the wat women experience the demands and expectations placed on them in the construction industry. Our study will shed light on how women in the construction industry feelthey are treated by their male colleagues, the demands placed on them and which expectations their colleagues andmanagers have on them.The theoretical framework for the study consisted ofYvonne Hirdmann’s gender system (1998), Lena Abrahamsson’s theory of restoration (2000), Mia Hultin’s the glass ceiling (2003) and Charlotte Holgersson’s theory of homosociality(2003). The study was conducted with a hermeneutic approach where six women working in the construction sector were interviewed.The main interpretation of the study show that the majority of womenbelieve that they are treated well, but that there is a kinshipamong their male colleagues, which is difficult to penetrate.

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Mahapa, Sabina Mammelane. "Spatial and social exclusion travel and transport needs of rural women in Limpopo, South Africa /." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06042004-104050.

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Hult, Jenny, and Maja Hyvönen. "Moderskapets arena? : En internetbaserad studie av fäders texter om erfarenheter av kontakter med socialtjänsten." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-35197.

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Intresset till studien uppkom genom att en webbgemenskap upptäcktes i vilken fäder söker stöd från varandra i förhållande till socialtjänsten, det väckte vår nyfikenhet kring vad orsaken och syftet är till att fäder söker sig till webbgemenskapen. Syftet med studien är att söka förståelse för varför fäderna vänder sig till webbgemenskapen på internet, att beskriva vilka föreställningar som skapas kring socialtjänsten i webbgemenskapen samt hur föreställningar begripliggörs och förklaras av fäderna. För insamling av empiri har en kvalitativ observationsstudie på internet genomförts där empirin som legat till grund för resultatet är texter och kommentarer publicerade av personer som utger sig för att vara fäder. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys har använts för att bearbeta den empiri som insamlats och bland annat tre övergripande teman har identifierats: föreställningar kring socialtjänsten, begripliggörande av föreställningarna samt mobiliseringens orsak och syfte. Studien har genomgripande ett genusperspektiv och resultatet av innehållsanalysen analyserades med hjälp av de teoretiska utgångspunkterna: kön som konstruktion – skapandet av genus samt homosocialitet. Resultatet i studien beskriver föreställningar kring att socialtjänsten bedömer fäder och mödrar olika utifrån kön samt reproducerar föreställningar kring traditionella föräldraroller och maskulinitet. Fäderna erhåller inget stöd och känner sig maktlösa utifrån att socialtjänsten privilegierar mödrar, detta leder till att fäderna söker sig till webbgemenskapen för att erhålla olika typer av stöd. Slutsatsen är att socialarbetare måste medvetandegöra föreställningar kring kön, maskulinitet och föräldraskap för att kunna motverka att föreställningar befästs och reproduceras. För detta krävs verktyg som direkt kan appliceras i det praktiska arbetet med fäder, men socialarbetare behöver också vara mer tydliga och lyhörda för att kunna identifiera behov hos fäder för att möjliggöra stödgivande.
The interest of this study were awakened when webcommunities whose purpose is to support fathers against the social services were found. This raised our curiosity about why such webcommunities are needed. The purpose of this study is to seek understanding for why fathers are turning to the webcommunity, also to describe conceptions about the social services which are created in the webcommunity and how those conceptions are understood and explained by the fathers. The method used for collection of data was a qualiatitive obervational study on the internet where the empirical base for the results are published texts and comments by people purporting to be fathers. A qualitative content analysis were used to process the empirical findings and three main themes were developed: conceptions about the social services, understanding of these conceptions and the cause and purpose of the mobilization. This study has a pervasive genderperspective and the result of the content analysis has been analyzed with the theoretical base of: ”doing gender” and homosociality. The result of this study reveals conceptions fathers have about the social services, that the social services assess fathers and mothers on different basis because of their sex. The fathers also claims that the social services reproduces conceptions about traditional parenting-roles and masculinity. The fathers doesn’t recieve the support they need and feel powerless because the social services privileges mothers, which instead leads fathers to seek support from eachother in the webcommunity. The conclusion is that social workers need to be more aware of conceptions they have on gender, masculinity and parenthood to be able to work against these conceptions. To do this social workers needs tools that can be applied in their daily practical work with fathers. But social workers also need to be more distinct and responsive to be able to identify fathers needs and thus offer support.

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Rosa, Graziela Rinaldi da. "As relações de gênero na filosofia: vivências e narrativas de professoras de filosofia." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2007. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/1912.

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A presente dissertação “As relações de gênero na filosofia: vivências e narrativas de professoras de filosofia” é fruto de estudo da linha de pesquisa “Educação e Processo de Exclusão Social”, enquadra-se na área dos estudos de gênero, fazendo uma interface entre filosofia e educação. Tendo sob dois olhares: um olhar empírico, com narrativas e histórias de vida de professoras de Filosofia entrevistadas, com uma metodologia de pesquisa e análise inspiradas no método de pesquisa-formação de Marie Christine Josso; e um olhar histórico-filosófico, a fim de pensar as relações de gênero na Filosofia. Identificou-se que os estudos de gênero no campo da Filosofia, no Brasil, ainda são poucos, sendo necessário conhecer os estudos e pesquisas desenvolvidas em outros países. Foi de Portugal (Universidade de Lisboa) que se obteve o maior apoio teórico quanto às questões relativas à pesquisa de gênero e filosofia. Buscou-se a origem do preconceito contra as mulheres, traçando uma breve análise da história da Fi
The present essay "The relations of gender in philosophy: experiences and narratives of philosophy teachers’’ it comes from studies of the research line " Education and Social Exclusion Process ", it fits in the area of the gender studies, making an interface between philosophy and education. Having two sights: one empirical vision with narratives and histories of Philosophy teachers lives interviewed with a methodology of research and analysis inspired in the method of research-formation of Marie Christine Josso and a historical-philosophical vision in order to think the gender relations in the Philosophy. It was identified that the studies of gender in the Philosophy field in Brazil are still few, being necessary to know the studies and researches developed in other countries. From Portugal (University of Lisbon) it was obtained the highest theoretical support concerning relative questions related to gender and philosophy research. It was searched the origin of the prejudice against women, tracing a brief a

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Claesson, Ida. "What are feminist fussing about? : Feminists attempts for full Citizenship." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1058.

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Is citizenship gendered? The answer to this question for most feminist theorists has to be a resounding ‘yes’. For them citizenship has always been gendered in the sense that women and men have stood in different relationship to it, to the disadvantage of women. In recent years citizenship has been combined to gender by a number of feminists. Their work is all about the importance to reconstruct citizenship because they believe it fails to engage or to include women. This thesis examines the limitations of citizenship as it is in its current construction. The discussion clearly indicates the need to use gender and difference as categories of analysis in the creation of an inclusive conception of citizenship. The thesis will focus on the theoretical project and particularly on three debates around the ‘engendering of citizenship’. Discourse analysis is used as textual analysis in order to compare these three alternative models to citizenship. The aim is to investigate what solutions they find to include women into public life. One can appreciate that citizenship is a complex problem and so are the debates concerning it. It is important that feminists discuss this question carefully so that citizenship does not loose its meaning.

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Fahl, Magnusson Carina. "Hemlösas situation i Kalmar : Exkludering ur ett genusperspektiv." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Human Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-290.

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Said, Patricia. "What is missing in The Kite Runner? : Replacing motherhood with fatherhood through the absence of mothers and the presence of fathers." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38417.

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This essay uses The Kite Runner, a well-known novel written by Khaled Hosseini in 2003, to analyse what is missing in the novel. Much of the previous research has discussed Hosseini and the main characters' roles as well as the important part of the settings to discover unseen messages. However, only one has analysed the novel through a gender perspective. This essay analyses the meaning behind the absent mothers and the present fathers through the use of Hélène Cixous’ view of women in literature and Hisham Sharabi’s theory of neopatriarchy. This paper argues that The Kite Runner intends to replace motherhood with fatherhood through the absence of mothers (and women) and the presence of fathers (and men), to strengthen patriarchy. The novel shows that women are unnecessary through their absence, which the characters of Soraya (who is infertile), Sanaubar (who is absent but returns and dies “again”) and Sofia (who is dead) demonstrates. In order for the woman to be present, she must be imperfect and if she is absent, the man claims both fatherhood and motherhood. Also, the novel uses male characters such as Hassan and Sohrab to make them feminised in order to need salvation and form the idea that those in need of rescue (in this case they are rape victims) can only occur to women or feminised men. Thus, this novel not only excludes women but also strengthen patriarchy and male dominance. This essay intends to contribute within the field of English literature, but further research is needed to demonstrate and make visible of gender inequality and (male) dominance.

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Furniss, Allison. "“Je Cherche La Vie!”: Women's Labour Politics in Masisi's Artisanal Coltan Mines." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33895.

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In considering how women navigate the complexity and gendered aspects of the artisanal mining industry, this study seeks to unpack women's labour at step one of the global supply chain of coltan, in the post-conflict context of eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Female miners are largely excluded from mine work by blurry regulatory frameworks, gendered social norms and financial disparities, however they manage to remain active labourers in the artisanal mining industry. Within a broader socio-political context of poverty, political instability and rural livelihoods, women maintain access to mine work through strategies, often premised on a gendered solidarity, such as organizing into collectives, engaging in small group collaborations and employing creative ruses to maintain the secrecy of their labour. This thesis seeks to analyze women's exclusions from mine work and the subsequent strategies they employ to circumvent those exclusions and maintain work in the mines. Based on three months of ethnographic fieldwork at artisanal coltan mine sites in Masisi Territory in the province of North Kivu, this study employs ethnographic observations, focus group and interview methodologies.

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Olivera, Rodríguez Inés. "Rural youth and struggle for citizenship: limits and possibilities of socialization." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/78992.

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El texto que aquí presento trae algunas reflexiones realizadas a partir del trabajo de campo etnográfico que realicé entre enero y marzo de 2007 en un caserío rural de la costa norte peruana. Este trabajo de campo fue realizado como parte de la investigación para mi tesis de maestría, la que tiene por objetivo abordar los sentidos que los/las jóvenes rurales dan a su propia experiencia escolar. Durante los dos meses en los cuales viví en Chaquira, aparte de la observación participante, realicé 18 entrevistas en profundidad con jóvenes, visité el colegio secundario y mantuve conversaciones informales con otros grupos generacionales, principalmente padres y madres jóvenes (entre los 30 y los 45 años). Partiendo de una definición de ciudadanía y de una descripción del cotidiano juvenil, este trabajo se propone analizar los procesos de exclusión, no solamente como un problema estructural, sino como situaciones de opresión internas en un espacio social. El objetivo es pensar los espacios de socialización de la juventud rural como espacios que posibilitan o dificultan la formación de ciudadanos/as participativos/as. Por este motivo, centralizo los aspectos de las experiencias escolares y sociales que aportan elementos para la construcción y ejercicio de la ciudadanía.
This article is based on ethnographic fieldwork I conducted between January and March of 2007 in a small rural village on the north coast of Peru as part of the research for my Master’s Degree thesis. It addresses the ways that the rural youth give their own school experience. During the fieldwork, I lived in Chaquira for two months and conducted 18 in depth interviews with young people. I also visited the local high school and had informal conversations with different demographic groups in the village, mainly young parents (between 30 and 45 years old). Based on a definition of citizenship and a description of the youth’s every day life, this paper analyzes the processes of exclusion, not only as a structural problem, but also as the situation of internal oppression within a determined social space. The objective is to think about social space of rural youth as spaces that enable or hinder the formation of participatory citizens. For this reason, I focuse on the aspects of school experiences and on socia1 factors that contribute to the construction and exercise of citizenship.

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Ekmark, Ellinor, and Linda Fares. "”… och alla lärare tyckte det var jättekul, men ingen ville hjälpa till.” : Pedagogers tankar om raster och mobbning." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Barn- och ungdomsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-132164.

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Syftet med denna studie är att studera pedagogers syn och åsikter kring mobbning på skolgården och hur de vill arbeta för att motverka detta; genom till exempel övervakning eller rastverksamhet. Vi ville även undersöka om pedagoger upplevde att det fanns en skillnad mellan flickor och pojkars mobbning, och om detta påverkade deras arbete på rasten. Vi har i studien använt oss av ett sociokonstruktionistiskt perspektiv. Vi valde att genomföra intervjuer på fyra skolor med totalt fjorton personer. Intervjuerna analyserades sedan för att identifiera teman som reflekterade pedagogernas tankar. Resultaten visade att många pedagoger är positiva till rastverksamhet men har främst andra idéer på hur mobbning skall bekämpas på skolgården. Många pedagoger såg skillnader mellan flickor och pojkars mobbning, vilket stämde väl överens med tidigare forskning. För att motverka skillnader ville pedagogerna gärna blanda flickor och pojkar mer i lek. När det kom till pedagogers roll på skolgården visade det sig att många pedagoger ogillade titeln rastvakt, samtidigt som de sa emot sig kring denna roll då de efterlyste mer övervakning på skolgården.

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Dahlbeck, Agnes, and Andreas Synnergren. "”Hon valde han istället för mig” -En diskursanalys av svenska incels gemenskap i utanförskapet." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92439.

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The term incel refers mostly to white heterosexual men who live in involuntary celibate.Sweden is estimated to have one of the most frequent number of incels per capita in the world which has led the Swedish government to raise the anti-terror preparedness, as incels are considered a security risk. The aim of this study is to, with help of gender and exclusion theories, develop a deeper understanding of what this type of exclusion may result in and how new types of groups are created out of societal exclusion. To answer this, a discourse analysis of two threads on the Swedish forum Flashback was made and the chosen threads were designed so incels themselves could discuss their opinions and experiences. Previous research shows that societal exclusion results in health problems, hatred and distancing from women, which motivates the need for this study. The results showed that incels maintain bad boys as the hegemonic masculinity through legitimizing it themselves and that incels can be seen as a separate type of masculinity. Incel, as masculinity, is based and dependent on men experiencing exclusion from society and the sexual market. In order to be included in the community and be allowed to call oneself an incel, the individual must be recognized by an already legitimate incel. If the individual does not meet the criteria for being an incel, he is quickly rejected and discredited by the incel community.
Begreppet incel syftar till största del på vita heterosexuella män som lever i ofrivilligt celibat. Sverige uppskattas vara ett utav det inceltätaste länderna i världen, och den svenska staten har höjt den nationella anti terrorberedskapen då incels anses vara en säkerhetsrisk. Studiens syfte är att med hjälp av genus- och exkluderingsteorier skapa en djupare förståelse för vad denna typ av utanförskap kan leda till och hur nya grupper skapas ur samhällelig exkludering. För att besvara detta utfördes en diskursanalys över två trådar i det svenska forumet Flashback där de utvalda trådarna var formade efter att incels själva kunde diskutera sina upplevelser och åsikter. Tidigare forskning har påvisat hur detta utanförskap leder till hälsoproblem, hat och distansering från kvinnor vilket motiverar till varför studien har genomförts. Resultatet visade att incels upprätthåller den hegemoniska maskuliniteten genom att själva legitimera den samt att incels kan ses som en egen typ av maskulinitet. Incel som maskulinitet bygger på och är beroende av att männen upplever en exkludering från samhället och den sexuella marknaden. För att få vara med i gemenskapen och få kalla sig som incel måste individen bli erkänd av en redan legitimerad incel, om individen inte når upp till kriterierna för att vara incel blir den snabbt avvisad och misskrediterad av incels som gemenskap.

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Terzoglou, Froso. "Out of the closet, into the lagom(?) : Perceptions and Feelings of Inclusion, Exclusion, and Belonging among Queer Migrants in Sweden." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-168110.

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Despite the increasing interest in asylum seekers and refugees within the field of migration studies, there has been a gap in queer migrants’ research. This thesis is an attempt to investigate how migrant and gender identity are influencing each other and how they lead to experiences of both inclusion and exclusion in Swedish society, based on experiences of six queer migrants. In the first half, there is a presentation and criticism on migrant theories and previous studies related to the subjects of migration, gender and sexuality. There is also an attempt to defining queer and presenting how it intersects with migrant identity, through the stages of welcoming, adapting, developing, and maintaining oneself in a Swedish level. Finally, aspects of space and feelings of belonging are discussed further on. The second half of the thesis consists of a methodological part and the analysis of the interviews with queer migrants in Sweden, leading to further discussions, additional thoughts, and suggestions.

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Nilsson, Susanne. "Excluded in the Classroom : Examining Otherness in Terms of Ethnic Exclusion, Gender Stereotypes and the Neglect of Non-Heteronormative Groups in Educational Materials in Swedish Upper Secondary Schools." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap (UV), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-61055.

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The purpose of this degree project is to examine to what extent certain groups in society are represented in the teaching material in upper secondary schools in Sweden. Through the scrutinizing of a selected number of English textbooks, the intention is to analyse texts and images to see whether representation of individuals on the basis of ethnicity, gender, gender identity and sexual orientation occur in the material. Another aspect of the essay is to identify possible stereotypes regarding the mentioned categories. The analyses draw on a number of theories: postcolonial, feminist and gender, as well as queer theories, in order to relate possible non-representation in the teaching material to the key concept of otherness. Furthermore, the concepts of hegemony and heteronormativity serve an important role in the analyses of the material as they expose dominant structures in society which tend to give certain groups authority over others.

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Chroninger, Betty J. "From strange fruit to fruitful kitchens the space of the kitchen in Toni Morrison's novels /." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001028.

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Schejbalová, Tereza. "Zadejte název práce: Současná rodina v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-116406.

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In my thesis I will focus on issue of changes in current Czech family roles and status. Main objective of my thesis is to cover essential roots of these changes. This topic was covered by me on basis of statistical and demogarfical data published in professional press as well as on individual study of independent sources. Changes in the family values are also caused by interchanging roles of men and women, their individual participation in operation, education and economic welfare of a family. These topics are also covered in the paper.These issues will be analyzed in regard of social mobility and unequality of particular family members, which influences theis social nad cultural capital, as well as consecuent ability to assert themselves in labour market. Changes in economic and social conditions have influenced family life very substantially, thus, partial task of my diploma thesis will be research focused on whether or not, in economicaly and socialy deprived regiones with relatively high unemployment, there are changes in family life influenced by disadvantegous social and economic conditons of a particular family dwelling area. My conception of this diploma thesis should contribute to understanding of development of a Czech family in contemporary social-economic and geopolitical development of Czech Republic in new millenium.

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Perez, Renata. "Um estudo sobre a não participação de mulheres em situação de pobreza em cursos oferecidos por um CRAS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-16122009-103642/.

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Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal o estudo da não-participação de mulheres em situação de pobreza em cursos oferecidos por um Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS), localizado em município do Estado de São Paulo. Por meio de metodologia qualitativa baseada na psicologia sócio-histórica, foram entrevistadas três mulheres, buscando-se apreender os sentidos atribuídos por elas a tais cursos. Os resultados evidenciaram que as entrevistadas atribuem valor positivo aos cursos mas que não os relacionam com a possibilidade de obter melhorias significativas em suas vidas. Suas formas de agir parecem basear-se essencialmente em necessidades emergenciais, sem que sejam traçadas estratégias para o alcance de determinados objetivos a médio e longo prazo. Evidenciaram também a importância das relações sociais de gênero na determinação de suas escolhas. As falas das entrevistadas apontaram para a existência de acentuadas divisões de poder e de trabalho na esfera familiar, com o homem ocupando o lugar de autoridade, ficando reservado a elas, principalmente, o cuidado com os filhos, o marido e a casa. Mesmo quando trabalham fora, os fundamentos patriarcais familiares não parecem ser abalados. Esses resultados encontram ressonância com aqueles obtidos em pesquisas com temática semelhante. Invertendo a direção do olhar, também foi discutida a questão dos cursos, concluindo-se que o oferecimento dessas modalidades específicas não é condizente com aquilo que é preconizado pelo novo paradigma da Assistência Social. Concluiu-se que são necessários amplos debates e estudos sobre como devem ser organizados os serviços oferecidos pelos CRAS, para que estejam, de fato, em sintonia com os objetivos propostos.
The objective of this research was to study the non-participation of women from lower social classes in courses offered by a Social Service Assistance Reference Center (or CRAS, in Portuguese), in a municipality of the State of São Paulo. Using a qualitative methodology based on socio-historical psychology, interviews were conducted with three women aiming at learning the meanings attributed by them to those courses. Results pinpointed the positive aspect of those courses in the viewpoint of those women, though they dont relate them to an eventual possibility of attaining a significant improvement of their lives. Their behavior seems to be fundamentally based on urgent needs, not as evidence of planned strategies to achieve defined objectives in medium and long run. Another conclusion was the importance of social relations of gender in the determination of their choices. Their manifestations made clear the existence of profound sexual divisions of power and work in the family environment, with man occupying the authoritative place, resting to the women the role of caring for children, husband, and home. Even when these women have a place in the work market, family patriarchal elements dont seem to be challenged. Such results are supported by others obtained from studies of similar nature. From the opposite point of view, courses were also discussed and the conclusion was that the offer of such specific modalities is not in agreement with the new paradigm proposed by Social Assistance. The conclusion is that ample debate and studies on how the courses offered by CRAS should be organized are necessary, so that they could really attend their proposed objectives.

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Ek, Kristian. "Gemenskap och utvecking i arbetslaget, en konflikt." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-19125.

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Kan ambitionen att hålla en god gemenskap i arbetslaget vara en riskfaktor för gruppens kunskapsutveckling. Om det är så vilka faktorer kan tänkas sätta krokben för att ny kunskap ska kunna etablera sig mellan kollegor? Att arbeta med människor kräver förmågan att kunna lyssna in, ett sökande efter att förstå den andre. När ett arbetslag ska finna metoder för sitt samarbete uppstår det maktstrukturer som påverkar hur språk och tankar färgar av sig på olika kunskapsområden. Vilken Kunskap som anses vara den ”sanna”. Att komma med andra infallsvinklar att se dessa ”sanningar” som är de dominerade kan utmana gruppens sociala trygghet och gemenskap. Nya positioner ska tas och nya tankar och ord ska implementeras. Där i skärpunkterna slängs allt kunnande och vår trygghet i gruppen upp i luften. Ingenting känns säkert längre och det är lätt att retirera mot säker mark igen. Helt enkelt att avfärda den andres ord som nonsens. I förskolan har genusdiskursen varit ett sådant område. Som pedagog i förskolan har vi ett uppdrag som säger att vi ska arbeta med att bryta könsstereotypiska roller. Vår kunskap att arbeta med detta område har setts som en självklarhet från föräldrar, chefer och samhället i övrigt. Men misslyckandet att skapa en kultur där detta ämne är väl förankrat och diskuterat hos pedagogerna är ett faktum. Lika förgrenad och komplext som forskningen är inom jämställdhetsarbete är uppfattningarna om hur en bra jämställdhetspedagogik ska genomföras. Två tunga inriktningar är könsneutralitet och kompensatorisk pedagogik. Men hur har de förståtts och fungerat i verksamheterna? Finns det svar i ett historiskt perspektiv, hur förskollärarens roll har växt fram och vilka förväntningar som finns på yrkesrollen samt hur denne närmar sig ny kunskap?
Can the ambition of keeping a good working climate among colleagues be a threat to a deeper knowledge? If so which factors can play part in knowledge not being implemented between colleagues. To work with people demands the ability to hear what the other person is saying all in the good will of understanding. When a team will start to work with each other there are structures of power being made. Those structures will make mark on which knowledge that will be considered the ”true” knowledge. Factors like power, tradition of thinking and linguistics will play a part in the process of making this true knowledge. If the knowledge that is considered by the team to be true is challenged it can make the group feel threatened. Things such as fellowship is no longer a certain as all thing are up in the air and new positions of power are being made. There when things feel uncertain its easy to retreat to old ways where thing are much more secure. And new thoughts to the group is running the risk of being dismissed as nonsense. In the swedish education system (from the ages 1-5 years) the pedagogy aiming to counter gender bias is such an area. As teachers in our schooling system we are expected to work with methods that prevent the children of being raised in traditional views of gender. We are thought of as experts by parent, our superiors and society in general. But the failure in building a teaching culture where this area is well incorporated is clear. As complexed and massive as the ideas and theories are about working with this matter as multifaceted are the thoughts that say wich way is best to put it in practice. As it is now there are two specializations that are dominating. A gender neutral and the compensating pedagogy. But how has it worked in practice? Can answers be found in a historical perspective in the question how teachers have become to look upon themselfs and how to address new knowledge such as gender bias?

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Mathias, Kaaren. "Shadows and light : examining community mental health competence in North India." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-127219.

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Background Globally, there is increasing emphasis on the importance of understanding the ways in which social inequality and injustice impact individual and community mental health. Set in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, India, this thesis examines the complex relationships between individuals, communities and the social environment in relation to mental health. North India is characterised by stark gender and socio-economic inequalities and social exclusion for people with psycho-social disability (PPSD) and mental health services in these study areas were essentially absent. Community mental health competency means people are collectively able to participate in efforts to promote, prevent, treat and advocate for mental health. This thesis reflexively examines the presence and absence of community mental health competence in the upper Ganges region. Methods A mixed methods approach allowed for a multi-level examination of community mental health competence, and generated four sub-studies. In-depth interviews with thirteen PPSD and eighteen caregivers in Bijnor and Saharanpur (Uttar Pradesh state) were carried out in 2013 providing data for qualitative analysis. These data were analysed using qualitative content analysis to examine experiences of exclusion and inclusion of PPSD in sub-study I, and thematic analysis to examine the gendered experiences of caregivers in sub-study II. A community based sample of 960 people in Dehradun district (Uttarakhand) were surveyed in 2014 to examine the prevalence, treatment gap and social determinants of depression in substudy III, and the attitudes and preferred social distance from people with depression and psychosis were investigated in sub-study IV. Multi-variate regression analysis in both studies was conducted with Stata software Version 13.1. Results Within the domain of knowledge, relatively low community mental health literacy, a diverse range of explanatory models of mental health, and creative and persistent efforts in helpseeking were the themes identified. Within the domain of safe social spaces, social exclusion was harsh and prevalent for PPSD, with contrasting sub-domains of belonging, social support, social participation and ahimsa (non-violence). Women were disadvantaged more than men in most spheres of caregiving. Social determinants of depression with an adjusted odds ratio of more than 2.0 included being a member of the most oppressed caste or tribal group, having taken a recent loan, and not completing primary schooling. The prevalence of depression was 6.0% in the community sample, and there was a 100% treatment gap for counselling, and a 96% treatment gap for anti-depressant therapy, even though 79% of those with depression had visited a primary care provider in the previous three months. Social determinants of health and access to care are proposed as additional domains of community mental health competency. The prevailing gender regime that values males and disadvantages women influenced every domain of community mental health competency, particularly increasing caregiver burden, social exclusion and experiences of physical violence for women. Conclusions In this thesis I have refined and strengthened a conceptual framework that portrays community mental health competence as a tree, where foundational roots of social determinants of mental health support four branches depicting access to care, knowledge, safe social spaces and partnerships for action. This tree model proposes that all five domains must operate in unison to support action for community mental health involving: development of community knowledge; promoting social inclusion, gender equality and participation; addressing upstream health determinants; and increasing access to mental health care.

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Boutron, Camille. "Genre et conflit armé : la trajectoire des femmes combattantes du conflit armé interne péruvien [1980-2000] et leur réintégration à la société civile comme éléments d'interprétation de la réconciliati." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030169.

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Cette thèse se propose d’analyser la trajectoires de femmes ayant participé au conflit armé péruvien entre 1980 et 2000. La perspective de genre prime ici sur les divisions politiques et idéologiques ayant opposé les différents acteurs du conflit. Elle permet de proposer une nouvelle approche du phénomène de violence armée mais aussi des questions liées aux problématiques de résolution de conflit et de réconciliation. Ce travail montre comment la difficile réintégration des femmes à la société civile après le conflit s’accompagne d’un phénomène de violence de genre qui peut être envisagé comme le prolongement de la violence armée mais aussi comme un instrument de pouvoir institutionnalisé au sein de la société péruvienne. Cette recherche s’appuie sur un travail de terrain approfondi, réalisé principalement à la prison de haute sécurité de Chorrillos à Lima, mais aussi dans le département d’Ayacucho. Elle met en avant l’évolution des diverses dynamiques d’interdépendance entre les sphères privées et publique, et leur enjeu dans la renormalisation des rapports sociaux après un conflit armé
This investigation analyzes the participation of women in Peruvian armed conflict between 1980 and 2000 as well as their reintegration to civil life. The gender perspective exceeds political and ideological divisions of actors who got confronted during conflict. It helps to show a new approach of armed violence phenomenon as well as topics of conflict resolution. This work demonstrates how the difficult reintegration of female ex combatants to civil society comes with a gender violence which can be interpreted as an extension of armed violence as well as a reflect of the power institutionalized in Peruvian society. This investigation leans on a long field work most of it realized in maximum security prison in Lima. It emphasizes the evolution of interdependence between private and public spheres, which control is identified as a stake for the renormalization of social gender relationships after an armed conflict

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Klipic, Irma. "Government Responses to Femicides in Latin America : A comparative case study of five Latin American countries." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-77690.

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Worldwide, women face gender-based violence daily. Gender-based violence constitutes a growing problem in societies worldwide, and one in three women globally has experienced some sort of intimate partner violence, which is the most common form of gender-based violence. Femicides are the worst form of gender-based violence with a fatal outcome, and an issue of human rights, developmental issue, health issue, and societal issue. Latin America is the regions with one of the highest femicide rates in the world, and that is one reason for why the regions was chosen. There is a wide range of research done on the subject of femicides, however there is a scarcity on the subject of Latin American government responses and legislations, and how these impact the femicide rates in the region. This thesis will examine how government responses affect femicide rates in five selected countries; Costa Rica, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. The study will be a qualitative comparative multi-case desk study analyzed through an abductive approach. The theory applied will be the social inclusion and exclusion theory to understand if policies are inclusive or exclusive, and if the nature of the legislations have an impact on the femicide rates. The main underlying causes of femicides are impunity, lack of political will, funding, and the machismo culture. The analysis suggests that the current femicide legislations are not of appropriate nature to curb femicides as they do not tackle the underlying causes of it.

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Sundgren, Agnes, and Sofia Bergenholtz. "Ojämlika livsvillkor i pensionsåldern : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om pensionärer med begränsade ekonomiska förutsättningar." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42612.

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The aim of this study is to highlight inequality among elderly. The study increase the understanding of poverty and financial vulnerability in elderlies life. This study describes what their living conditions look like for themselves and what their financial situation can have in their everyday lives and consequences. The aim is to understand the patterns and paths that lead to financial vulnerability in retirement. Seven retired people in the age between 65-80 years were interviewed. The result shows that there are large differences in income between men and women when retired. Some of the main reasons for this are that the women have worked unpaid by living as housewives and taking a bigger responsibility for children and the home. The unpaid work has had an impact on the income when retired and affected their living conditions. The majority of the respondents answer that planning and limitations are needed to cope up with everyday life as retired person. Some of the respondents have to continue to work extra after retirement to succeed financially. Generally the finances of the elderly are worse after retirement than before and this has negative consequences, it will not get better when they are retired as many of them thought, but they still manage to get their lives to work out even if they have limitations in their everyday life. Gender, individualization and social exclusion are used to analyze the results in the essay.

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Ponze, Adrian. "La crise argentine de 2001 et ses conséquences : un regard à travers la littérature et le cinéma argentin des années 2000." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0080/document.

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Ce travail est le résultat d'une recherche pluridisciplinaire basée sur l'hypothèse suivante : il existe une certaine porosité entre récits fictionnels et productions scientifiques en sciences sociales. A partir d‘un cadre théorique et méthodologique qui comprend la sociologie de la culture et la théorie littéraire et cinématographique, nous avons fait l‘analyse critique d'un corpus de textes de fiction relevant de la NNA (Nouvelle Narration Argentine) et de films relevant du NCA (Nouveau Cinéma Argentin), c‘est-à-dire des deux principaux courants artistiques auxquels une nouvelle génération d'auteurs, émergée en Argentine au début du XXIe siècle, a donné forme.Le corpus, d‘une quinzaine de romans et d‘autant de films, a été constitué selon un critère qui caractérise les œuvres choisies : la description de la crise en général et la présence spécifique d‘exclus économiques, en particulier les migrants (le départ d‘Argentins et l‘arrivée d‘étrangers), les villas miseria et leurs habitants, ainsi que la présence de membres de la diversité sexuelle.Nos recherches se sont orientées, d‘une part, vers les transformations observées dans les champs littéraire et cinématographique, notamment vers les changements touchant aux modes de production et de distribution des œuvres, et, d‘autre part, vers la manière dont sont représentés, dans les médias et les œuvres artistiques, les secteurs de la société traditionnellement exclus.L'observation de ces changements et modes de représentation à travers des récits fictionnels permet de confirmer l‘hypothèse de départ, dans la mesure où certains romans et films ont une valeur documentaire pour la recherche en sciences sociales, notamment dans des disciplines telles que l'histoire ou la sociologie
This work is the result of multidisciplinary research in which, using the theoretical and methodological framework of literary and film theory, and the sociology of culture, we have demonstrated that the boundaries between fiction and social science writing are porous. A corpus of fifteen fictional texts identified with the New Argentina Narrative (NAN) movement, and fifteen films made by the New Argentine Cinema (NAC) was analysed. New Argentina Narrative and NAC represent the production of a new generation of Argentine writers and filmmakers between 2000 and 2010. These works included the following topics: migrations from Argentina and immigration, poverty (the villas miseria inhabitants), and gender and sexual diversity in Argentina. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the transformations of Argentine society and how these were represented by a new generation of Argentine writers and filmmakers. Additionally, we have studied the influence of the socio-economic context on artistic expression. Thus, we have analysed not only the aesthetic dimension, but also the modes of production and distribution of Argentina literature and cinema, encompassing the processes of creation, editing and distribution. The observation of these processes through novels and films has allowed us to conclude that some literary and film fiction may have a documentary or testimonial value for research in social science disciplines such as history and sociology

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Lindström, Stina. ""Femoids are evil" : En netnografisk studie om incels språkliga praktik." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43554.

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The purpose of the study is to investigate discourses on gender and exclusion constructed in texts written on an internet forum by the group incels, and then to see if and if so how these could contribute to exclusion. The study's questions are centered on how constructions of gender are made visible and maintained, and how exclusion is made visible in the text. The empiric consists of collected threads from an incels forum which is then analyzed on the basis of a theoretical framework based on Butler's theory of gender, as well as in Fairclough's critical discourse analysis. The study is thus based on a text-oriented qualitative approach. The result has highlighted the linguistic practice found on the forum and thereby identified which dominant discourses that sets the framework for what may and may not be said. The texts have shown that these discourses are seldom challenged, whereupon the production of text consistently maintains constructions of, for example, gender. An analysis of the empirics has revealed that the texts consistently express patriarchal structures that position men as superior to women. It has also emerged that men and women are constructed on the basis of the heterosexual matrix and the texts have demonstrated a linguistic practice that constructs and demonizes women. The analysis has also shown a paradox in that the texts express an aspiration for a hierarchy based on the heterosexual matrix, while the users on the forum at the same time position themselves as victims of the ideals of masculinity. The result has thus identified a common protest against the ideal of hegemonic masculinity, while discursive practice produces texts that seek to pursue and achieve such an ideal - which thus becomes a paradox in itself. Overall, the results have identified discourses that dominate the forum and found that these are characterized by a linguistic practice based on misogyny, heteronormativity and incels as victims of modern feminism.
Syftet med studien är att undersöka diskurser kring kön och utanförskap i texter skrivna på ett internetforum av gruppen incels för att sedan se om och i så fall hur dessa skulle kunna vara bidragande till ett upplevt utanförskap. Studiens frågeställningar centreras kring hur konstruktioner av kön synliggörs och upprätthålls, samt hur utanförskap synliggörs i texten. Empirin består av insamlade trådar från ett incelsforum som sedan analyseras utifrån ett teoretiskt ramverk med utgångspunkt i Butlers teori om kön, samt i Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys. Studien utgår således från en textorienterad kvalitativ ansats. Resultatet har belyst den språkliga praktik som återfinns på forumet och därigenom identifierat vilka dominerande diskurser som sätter ramarna för vad som får sägas och inte. Texterna har påvisat att dessa diskurser sällan utmanas, varpå produktionen av text genomgående upprätthåller och vidmakthåller konstruktioner av exempelvis kön. Vid analys av empirin har det framkommit att texterna genomgående ger uttryck för en patriarkal struktur som positionerar män överordnade kvinnor. Det har även framkommit att män och kvinnor konstrueras utifrån den heterosexuella matrisen och texterna har påvisat en språklig praktik som konstruerar och demoniserar kvinnor. Analysen har även påvisat en paradox i att texterna ger uttryck för en strävan efter en hierarki utifrån den heterosexuella matrisen, samtidigt som användarna på forumet positionerar sig som offer för de maskulinitetsideal som premieras. Empirin har således identifierat en gemensam protest mot idealet kring hegemonisk maskulinitet, samtidigt som den diskursiva praktiken producerar texter som försöker eftersträva och uppnå ett sådant ideal – vilket således blir en paradox i sig. Sammantaget har resultatet identifierat diskurser som dominerar på forumet och konstaterat att dessa präglas av en språklig praktik som bygger på kvinnohat, heteronormativitet och incels som offer för den moderna feminismen.

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Mezey, Anna. "Unveiling French Society - A qualitative study on young Muslim women's opinions and experiences regarding the law on religious symbols." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21973.

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Den långa traditionen av sekularitet i Frankrike har ett stort inflytande i den publika sfären och har därmed blivit djupt rotad i den franska identiteten. Den sekulära ideologin har resulterat i en lag som förbjuder religiösa symboler i skolan. Sedan hösten 2004 får muslimska flickor inte längre bära slöja i skolan. Syftet med denna uppsats är att presentera unga muslimska kvinnors uppfattning och syn angående denna nya lag. Uppsatsen strävar efter att förstå hur lagen har påverkat dessa kvinnor. Arbetet betonar också unga muslimska kvinnors föreställning om slöjan såväl som deras erfarenheter av ett sekulärt samhälle. Essän är ett resultat av empiriskt arbete av kvalitativ karaktär byggd på ostrukterade intervjuer med sju muslimska kvinnor. Saids koncept orientalism och Foucaults teori om governmentality är centrala element i analysen. Analysen i sin helhet är baserad på olika begrepp. Arbetet konkluderar en ökning av muslimska kvinnors exkludering som en följd av lagen. Lagen har således fått effekter utanför skolans sfär. Muslimska kvinnor i den här studien är stigmatiserade på grund av deras slöja och lagen har plötsligt legitimerat diskriminering mot dem.
The long tradition of secularism in France has a great influence in the public sphere. It is furthermore deeply ingrained in the French identity. Eventually the secular ideology resulted in a law against religious symbols in school. Since autumn 2004 Muslim girls are not any longer permitted to wear the veil in school. This thesis aims to present the perspective of young Muslim women in France regarding the new law. It seeks to capture how the law has had an influence on these women. Additionally it puts forward young Muslim women´s experiences of a secular society and their understandings of the veil. It is an empirical study of a qualitative character, based on unstructured interviews with seven Muslim women. Said´s notion of orientalism and Foucault´s idea of governmentality are central elements in the analysis. Further, the analysis of the empirical material is structured around a variety of concepts. The paper concludes that the law has contributed to an increased islamophobia in French society. Further, Muslim women are excluded to a greater extent due to the law. Hence the law has been extended beyond the educational sphere. Muslim women in this study are stigmatised due to their veil and the law has suddenly legitimatized discrimination against them.

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47

Neild, Jill. "Drug users : community, social exclusion and gendered experiences." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2006. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/21914/.

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Those who use heroin and other Class A drugs have been labelled by successive governments since the 1980s as the `enemy within'. Problem drug users, it is claimed, threaten the social cohesion of local communities and put the lives of honest citizens at risk. Anti-drug campaigns have rallied the nation to wage a `war' against drugs, but some commentators have argued that this is actually a war against drug users. British drug policy, it is argued, acts to legitimise and reinforce discrimination, stigmatisation, marginalisation and the social exclusion of Class A drug users, particularly female drug users. This research sought to investigate the social exclusion of heroin users within a high crime area of North East Lancashire. To achieve this aim a survey was undertaken in the area, which in addition to asking the non drug-using residents how they dealt with living in a high crime area, sought to understand their opinions of and behaviour towards those residents believed to be using heroin. The findings of the survey indicated many residents felt their quality of life had seriously been affected by the high amount of crime committed within the area and the majority of these residents claimed the drug-using residents were responsible for this crime. Responses given during the completion of the survey strongly suggested that most non drug-using residents had strong feelings of animosity towards those residents believed to be using Class A drugs and this was confirmed by the negative responses the non drug-using residents gave when discussing the drug-using residents. An understanding of the social existence of those using illicit substances was also sought and this was gained through an ethnographic study of male and female heroin users resident within the area. The findings of the ethnographic research were that drug use was a gendered activity and while both male and female heroin users suffered from discrimination, marginalisation and social exclusion, female heroin users were more `demonised' than male heroin users. This study concludes by making recommendations for changes in policy which, in addition to addressing the deprivation experienced in high crime areas, could also address the discrimination and stigmatisation drug users, especially female drug users, experience. These may also afford drug users the opportunity to overcome social exclusion and return from the margins of society.

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Quennehen, Marine. "La paternité "ordinaire" en prison." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0158.

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Comment l’incarcération affecte-t-elle le rôle paternel ? La prison produit des conditions spécifiques d’actualisation de ce rôle, définies par les conditions d’incarcération et d’autres éléments provenant du parcours biographique. Il s’agit d’appréhender la paternité non pas à travers une seule dimension (le lien père-enfant en prison), mais plusieurs (histoire familiale, conjugale, etc.). Cette thèse fait dialoguer la sociologie de la famille, du genre et de la disqualification sociale, et propose une approche pluridimensionnelle de son objet, la paternité en prison. Nous distinguons et articulons trois dimensions : une analyse relationnelle de la paternité en contexte d’incarcération, saisie par les pratiques concrètes des pères détenus et de leur entourage ; une approche biographique replaçant le présent dans l’histoire familiale des pères rencontrés ; et enfin, une analyse « compréhensive » des normes, qui s’efforce de saisir comment ces hommes pensent et analysent leur rôle de père. Cette thèse repose sur des entretiens répétés avec soixante-dix détenus, rencontrés de deux à trois fois dans deux maisons d’arrêt et deux centres de détention. Cette méthodologie induit un retour réflexif des enquêtés sur eux-mêmes. Conjointement, des entretiens ont été réalisés avec différent∙es professionnel∙les travaillant en milieu carcéral, complétés par des observations ethnographiques en détention et lors de réunions des commissions d’aménagement des peines, dans le but de comprendre dans quelle mesure la paternité en prison était prise en compte par l’institution. Cette thèse met en évidence deux résultats principaux. La paternité, tout d’abord, peine à acquérir une place prépondérante dans les récits, les pratiques et les espaces de la détention. Il n’existe pas d’attentes particulières de l’institution concernant les liens familiaux des hommes incarcérés. Les hommes détenus n’ont aucune visibilité sociale en tant que pères. Le second résultat est qu’il n’existe pas une paternité en prison, mais bien un éventail de situations paternelles. Nous avons forgé une typologie des paternités en prison qui se décline en quatre types : « marginale », « suspendue », « brisée » et « ressource »
How does incarceration affect a father’s role as a parent? Prison produces specific conditions for actualizing this role, which are defined by the conditions of incarceration and other phenomena from an individual’s life event history. This means understanding fatherhood not through a single lens (the father-child relationship whilst in prison) but several (family and partnership history, etc.).This thesis brings into dialogue the sociology of the family, of gender and of social disqualification, and studies fatherhood in prison through a multidimensional perspective. Three dimensions are distinguished and articulated: a relational analysis of fatherhood in the context of incarceration, understood through the concrete practices of detained fathers and their entourage; an event-history approach that re-places the present within fathers’ family history; and finally, a ‘comprehensive’ analysis of norms, which attempts to grasp how these men think and to analyse their role as fathers. This thesis uses repeated interviews with 70 detainees who were met from 2 to 3 times in two remand prisons and two detention centres. This methodology prompts reflexive feedback from respondents about themselves. In conjunction, to understand how far fatherhood was taken into account by institutions, interviews were conducted with professionals working in prisons and are supplemented with ethnographic observations in the prison context and at meetings of commissions deciding adjusted sentences.Two main results emerge from this thesis. First, fatherhood struggles to acquire a prominent place in the narratives, practices, and spaces of detention. There are no particular institutional expectations concerning the family ties of incarcerated men, who have no social visibility as fathers. Second, there is no single form of fatherhood in prison but rather an array of paternal situations. We have developed a quadripartite typology of fatherhood in prison: ‘marginal’, ‘suspended’, ‘broken’, and ‘resource’

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Khanal, Damodar. "The quest for educational inclusion in Nepal : a study of factors limiting the schooling of Dalit children." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-quest-for-educational-inclusion-in-nepal-a-study-of-factors-limiting-the-schooling-of-dalit-children(cafe18fd-80cf-4d69-bc4e-d31ee3bae65a).html.

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This thesis addresses one of the major challenges facing education systems in developing countries: that of how to include all children, particularly those from relatively disadvantaged communities. It looks, in particular, at the example in Nepal of children from the Dalit communities, a group known to be disadvantaged and often marginalized within the formal education system. In particular, the study attempts to investigate the barriers that prevent the educational access, participation and progress of these students at the secondary level. This theme was investigated using an ethnographic approach, which examined people's life experiences and culture in natural settings (within schools and in their communities) using data collected through a series of interviews, and observations. It also involved an analysis of the relevant literature and policy documents. What was found is that the reasons for children from the Dalit community being disadvantaged are many and complex. Broadly, they can be summarized as being, first of all, about the difficulties of implementing national policies, particularly in terms of making resources available and providing effective monitoring, even though these policies are very positive about the inclusion of these children. Secondly, it is about the expectations and attitudes amongst the various Dalit communities as to what they want for their children and young people, which are to do with tradition and culture, life styles and economic circumstances. Thirdly, these two sets of factors together put pressure on the schools, which have to find a way of dealing with the challenge of diversity and various expectations. In this way, this research provides some new understanding of the issues that bear on the education of Dalit children. The knowledge gained through this research has practical implications for stakeholders: policy makers, teachers, and Dalit community members and social workers. It is argued that this would help to foster the improvement of policy initiatives and their effective implementation. It could also help to bring changes in the existing attitudes of teachers and Dalit communities that may have a positive impact on Dalit children's integration into education. Most importantly, it has brought a new way of looking at these issues that can be used to inform public debate. The study illustrates the use of a methodology that might usefully be adopted by researchers carrying out research around similar themes in other developing countries. It might also be the case that the barriers that have been identified in Nepal would represent useful starting points for such research.

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Orlander, Auli Arvola. "Med kroppen som insats : Diskursiva spänningsfält i biologiundervisningen på högstadiet." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för matematikämnets och naturvetenskapsämnenas didaktik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-55948.

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This thesis takes its departure in 15-year-old students’ learning about the human body. During a semester I followed most of the sciences taught in one class of grade 9 students. I have chosen to illustrate lessons and analyse using the influence of feminists perspectives different situated actions in this science classroom practice, thereby raising a number of didactic questions focusing on the limits and possibilities of school science teaching. With the help of different analytic tools I have made close readings of transcribed situations presented in four studies. The results show ways in which science content becomes relevant to students’ experiences, but also how students’ unique voices may shift focus from the expected science content. Overall, the results show how some discursive performances that are often taken for granted in science education are filled with explicit and implicit norms about how things should be for example in relation to femininity and masculinity. These performances may affect how students come to regard themselves and the world around them. However, the results also point out opportunities for changing these discursive performances. One way of doing this, which emerges from my results, is to create possibilities for acts in situations of equal subject positions, where different kinds of positions are welcomed. This is an approach where the content of science education involves and transforms the experiences of students’ social lives, where students’ actions in encounters with the differences are regarded as an important part of meaning making. Therefore, I suggest that ongoing negotiations in teaching should be taken into account, be regarded as a significant part of the learning processes and, through this, open up new possibilities of widening what kind of meaning making becomes available for the students. This, in turn, may create a space with unimagined ethical opportunities by paying attention to disparities, i.e. to others who may act from a different logic than we are used to, in other words: welcoming and involving differences.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Papers 2, 3 and 4: Manuscripts.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gender exclusion'

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