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JIA, QIANG, KAZUO KOYAMA, CHANG-YONG CHOI, HWA-JUNG KIM, LEI CAO, DALI GAO, GUANHUA LIU, and ANTHONY D. FOX. "Population estimates and geographical distributions of swans and geese in East Asia based on counts during the non-breeding season." Bird Conservation International 26, no. 4 (August 15, 2016): 397–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270915000386.
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SummaryFor the first time, we estimated the population sizes of two swan species and four goose species from observations during the non-breeding period in East Asia. Based on combined counts from South Korea, Japan and China, we estimated the total abundance of these species as follows: 42,000–47,000 Whooper SwansCygnus cygnus; 99,000–141,000 Tundra SwansC. columbianus bewickii; 56,000–98,000 Swan GeeseAnser cygnoides; 157,000–194,000 Bean GeeseA. fabalis; 231,000–283,000 Greater White-fronted GeeseA. albifrons; and 14,000–19,000 Lesser White-fronted GeeseA. erythropus.While the count data from Korea and Japan provide a good reflection of numbers present, there remain gaps in the coverage in China, which particularly affect the precision of the estimates for Bean, Greater and Lesser White-fronted Geese as well as Tundra Swans. Lack of subspecies distinction of Bean Geese in China until recently also limits our ability to determine the true status ofA. f. middendorffiithere, but all indications suggest this population numbers around 18,000 individuals and is in need of urgent attention. The small, highly concentrated and declining numbers of Lesser White-fronted Geese give concern for this species, as do the major declines in Greater White-fronted Geese in China (in contrast to numbers in Japan and Korea, considered to be a separate flyway). In the absence of any demographic data, it is impossible to interpret the causes of these changes in abundance. Improved monitoring, including demographic and tracking studies are required to provide the necessary information to retain populations in favourable conservation status.
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Moll, Tonee. "Wild Geese after Wild Geese." Hopkins Review 17, no. 1 (January 2024): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/thr.2024.a918444.
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Lavrentev, A. Yu, N. M. Kostomakhin, V. S. Sherne, and F. A. Musaev. "Influence of use of domestic enzymes in compound feed of geese on the yield of down and feather raw materials." Glavnyj zootehnik (Head of Animal Breeding), no. 9 (August 25, 2023): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-03-2309-01.
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A promising direction for the development of the poultry industry is to expand the range of products and improve its quality indicators. One of the ways to solve this problem may be the breeding of geese. The success of the further development of goose breeding will largely be determined by the level of breeding work, complete feeding, the technology of poultry housing used, as well as the prime-cost of the products and their quality characteristics. The expediency of producing goose products will be eff ective only when breeding highly productive breeds and lines of geese that ensure the competitiveness of farms in the domestic and foreign market. The purpose of the research was to study the eff ect of the use of domestic enzymes Amylosubtilin G3x, CelluLux-F and Protosubtilin G3x in geese compound feed on the yield of down and feather raw materials. The scientifi c and economic experiment was carried out on purebred young geese of Lindov breed. The geese (males and females) were normally developed and healthy. In order to conduct the experiment, three groups of young gees (control and two experimental ones) were formed on the principle of analog groups with respect to origin, sex and live weight, 60 heads (30 males and 30 females) in each group. The duration of the trial period was 77 days. The goslings of the 1st experimental group received the enzymes Amylosubtilin G3x and Protosubtilin G3x together with the compound feed, for the goslings of the 2nd experimental group the compound feed was enriched with the enzyme drugs Amylosubtilin G3x and CelluLux-F. It was found on the base of the results obtained that the use of a mixture of domestic enzyme drugs as part of the compound feed of the geese of Lindov breed improves the indicators of down and feather productivity of young animals. The highest amount of down mass in male geese was obtained in the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, which was 11,0 and 13,1 % higher compared to the herdmates of the control group, respectively. In female geese, this advantage was 15,0 and 18,0 %, respectively.
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Clampitt, Amy. "Geese." Grand Street 8, no. 2 (1989): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25007218.
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Kloefkorn, William. "Geese." English Journal 84, no. 2 (February 1995): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/821037.
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Boruch, Marianne. "Geese." Iowa Review 23, no. 2 (April 1993): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.4287.
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Qu, Lujiang, and Junhui Wen. "30 Origins, Timing and Introgression of Domestic Geese Revealed by Whole Genome Data." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (September 21, 2022): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.030.
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Abstract Geese are one of the most important poultry around the world. For the origin of geese, the current generally accepted hypothesis is that the European domestic geese were originated from the greylag goose (Anser anser), and the Chinese domestic geese have two origins, most breeds of which originated from the swan goose (Anser cygnoides), and the Yili goose originated from the greylag geese. In order to explain the origin and demographic history of geese, we selected 14 goose breeds from Europe and China and wild populations of swan goose and greylag goose, whole genome resequencing data were obtained for 74 samples. Population structure analysis and phylogenetic trees showed that the wild ancestor of the Chinese domestic geese except for Yili was the swan goose, and the wild ancestor of the Chinese Yili geese and European domestic geese was the greylag goose. Analysis of the demographic history suggests that the domestication of the Chinese geese occurred about 3499 years ago and that of the European geese happened about 7552 years ago. Furthermore, there is gene flow found between the domestic geese and their wild ancestors. Analysis of introgression showed that Yili geese had been introgressed by the Chinese domestic geese, and the body size of Yili geese could be influenced by the introgression events of some growth-related genes including IGF-1. Our study provides evidence for the origin of geese at the genome-wide level, and advances the understanding of the history of goose domestication and the traits affected by introgression events.
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Badzinski, Shannon S., C. Davison Ankney, James O. Leafloor, and Kenneth F. Abraham. "Composition of Eggs and Neonates of Canada Geese and Lesser Snow Geese." Auk 118, no. 3 (July 1, 2001): 687–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/118.3.687.
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AbstractWe collected eggs, neonates, and adults of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis interior) and Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) from Akimiski Island, Nunavut, during the 1996 breeding season. This was done to assess interspecific differences in egg composition, egg-nutrient catabolism, developmental maturity, tissue maturity, and body reserves, and to relate observed differences in those variables to ecological conditions historically experienced by Canada Geese and Lesser Snow Geese. Eggs of both species had identical proportional compositions, but Canada Goose embryos catabolized 13% more of their egg protein, whereas Lesser Snow Goose embryos catabolized 9% more of their egg lipid. Neonate Canada Geese and Lesser Snow Geese had similar protein reserves, relative to body size, but Lesser Snow Geese had relatively smaller lipid reserves than did Canada Geese. Relative to conspecific adults, Lesser Snow Goose goslings generally were structurally larger at hatch than were Canada Goose goslings. Neonate Lesser Snow Geese had more developmentally mature keels, wings, and breast muscles, and larger gizzards and caeca for their body size, than did neonate Canada Geese. Despite hatching from smaller eggs and having a shorter period of embryonic growth, skeletal muscles and gizzard tissues of Lesser Snow Geese were more functionally mature than those of Canada Geese. Increased lipid use during embryonic development could account for how Lesser Snow Geese hatched in a more developmentally and functionally mature state. In turn, differences in developmental and functional maturity of Lesser Snow Geese, as compared to Canada Geese, likely are adaptations that offset metabolic costs associated with their small body size, or to selection pressures associated with high arctic environmental conditions and colonial nesting and brood rearing.
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Bao, Qiang, Yang Zhang, Ying Yao, Xuan Luo, Wenming Zhao, Jiwen Wang, Guohong Chen, and Qi Xu. "Characteristics of the Mating Behavior of Domesticated Geese from Anser cygnoides and Anser anser." Animals 12, no. 18 (September 7, 2022): 2326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12182326.
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Mating behavior is a critically important component of poultry reproduction. Here, a total of 135 geese were selected, specifically, Sichuan white geese (Anser cygnoides), Zhedong white geese (Anser cygnoides), and Hungarian geese (Anser anser) (300-day-old), and the mating behavior was monitored daily from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. during the 20-day observation period. The results showed that the mating process included mounting, female cooperation, and successful copulation. Overall, the three breeds preferred mating on land. More than thirty percent of the mating time was primarily concentrated from 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. in domesticated geese from Anser cygnoides, the corresponding values for Sichuan white geese and Zhedong white geese were 32.0% and 33.3%, respectively. The mating of the Hungarian geese usually took place in the morning. In addition, the frequency of successful copulation of Sichuan white geese and Zhedong white geese were 2.31 and 1.94 times per day, significantly greater than that of Hungarian geese (0.89 times). Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between successful copulation and laying rates (r = 0.985) or fertilization rates (r = 0.992) was observed in Hungarian geese. Taken together, the mating behaviors among the different breeds were mainly reflected in time preference and successful copulation frequency.
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Jónsson, Jón Einar, Alan D. Afton, Ray T. Alisauskas, Cynthia K. Bluhm, and Mohamed E. El Halawani. "Ecological and Physiological Factors Affecting Brood Patch Area and Prolactin Levels in Arctic-Nesting Geese." Auk 123, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 405–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/123.2.405.
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AbstractWe investigated effects of ecological and physiological factors on brood patch area and prolactin levels in free-ranging Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens; hereafter “Snow Geese”) and Ross's Geese (C. rossii). On the basis of the body-size hypothesis, we predicted that the relationships between prolactin levels, brood patch area, and body condition would be stronger in Ross's Geese than in the larger Snow Geese. We found that brood patch area was positively related to clutch volume and inversely related to prolactin levels in Ross's Geese, but not in Snow Geese. Nest size, nest habitat, and first egg date did not affect brood patch area in either species. Prolactin levels increased as incubation progressed in female Snow Geese, but this relationship was not significant in Ross's Geese. Prolactin levels and body condition (as indexed by size-adjusted body mass) were inversely related in Ross's Geese, but not in Snow Geese. Our findings are consistent with the prediction that relationships between prolactin levels, brood patch area, and body condition are relatively stronger in Ross's Geese, because they mobilize endogenous reserves at faster rates than Snow Geese.Factores Ecológicos y Fisiológicos que Afectan el Área del Parche de Incubación y los Niveles de Prolactina en Gansos Nidificantes del Ártico
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Petriv, M., L. Ferenc, and O. Sloboda. "Reproductive and feather-fluff qualities of the obroshyno breed geese group in the third generation with blood of geese of great gray and legart breeds." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 21, no. 91 (November 6, 2019): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9112.
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We set the aim to study the effect of the blood influx of large gray geese and legart geese breeds on the productive qualities of the obroshyno breed group of geese in the third generation) and the legarts that have been highlighted in our previous publications. With the descendants of these crosses breeding and breeding work was conducted in the direction of breeding and productive qualities improvement. For our research, four groups of 50 birds each were compiled from the livestock of geese, which were kept separately for the breeding and egg laying periods (from January to May) to ensure proper feeding and retention. The average geese live weight at the beginning of oviposition were: females OS – 6.25 kg, OB – 6.35, OS ♀ (OS ♀ x BC ♂) – 6.45, OB ♀ (OB ♀ x legart) – 6.5; males OS – 7.15 kg, OB – 7.35, OS ♂ (OS ♀ x BC ♂) – 7.45, OB ♂ (OB ♀ x legart ♂) – 7.50 kg. The duration of oviposition was higher in purebred geese (groups I and III) compared to domestic geese (groups II and IV). The average oviposition of the group I geese was highest – 41.0 pcs/head and was dominated by the group II geese by 1.2%. The weight of OS of geese of group III amounted to 40.6 pcs/head and was dominated by local geese of group IV by 2.9%. However, domestic geese (groups II and IV), by weight of eggs, outperformed purebred geese (groups I and III) by 2.1 and 4.5%, respectively. The study of incubation qualities of eggs shows that the fertilization in purebred AB and OS geese (groups I and III) was 83.9% and 83.0%, and the analogues from II and IV groups prevailed by 0.4 and 0.5%, respectively. The higher hatchability of the geese was in hybrid geese (groups II and IV) than in purebred OBS and geese OS (groups I and III). On the basis of the conducted researches the following conclusions were made: 1. The productivity of geese AB of the breed group (group I) is characterized by the following performance indicators: oviposition – 40.6 pcs. per head; egg weight – 153.2 g; fertilization – 83.5%; deductibility – 71.8%; live weight of geese at 9 weeks of age – males 4.05 kg, females – 3.67 kg; conservation – 87.0%. 2. Local geese of OB x legart (group II) had lower productivity rates: by 2.9%, they had a low fertility rate of 0.5%; fertility – 1.5%; live weight of geese at 9 weeks of age: males – 6.7%, females – 4.6%; conservation – 2.0%; at higher egg mass by 2.1%. 3. Geese of the OS of the breed group (group III) are characterized by the following performance indicators: oviposition – 40.6 pcs. per head; egg weight – 153.2 g; fertilization – 83.0%; excretion rate – 71.0%; live weight of geese at 9 weeks of age – males 4.05 kg, females – 3.67 kg; conservation – 87.0%. 4. Local geese OS x ВS (group IV) are characterized by lower indicators, respectively: with a yield of 2.9%, higher fertilization – 0.5%; with a yield of 1.5%; live weight of geese at 9 weeks of age: males – 6.7%, females – 4.6%; conservation – by 2.0%; at higher egg mass by 4.5%.
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Nilsson, Leif, and Hakon Kampe-Persson. "Censuses of autumn staging and wintering goose populations in Sweden 1977/1978–2011/2012." Ornis Svecica 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v23.22582.
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Field choice was recorded during counts of geese in South-west Scania, South Sweden in autumn (October and November) and in winter (January), 1977/1978–2011/2012. Sugar beet spill was the most important field type in autumn and during the last ten years also in winter. Bean Geese Anser fabalis used this food source when the study started while Canada Geese Branta canadensis, Greylag Geese Anser anser, White-fronted Geese Anser albifrons and Barnacle Geese Branta leucopsis followed during the years 1987–2001. Potatoes were mainly used when fields with sugar beet spill were unavailable. Cereal stubbles were mainly used in autumn and to a quite low extent. Winter cereals were heavily used by most species in both autumn and winter during the first 15 years but less so thereafter. Grasslands were mainly used in winter, to a large extent by White-fronted Geese and to a quite high extent by Bean Geese and Barnacle Geese. The total use of oilseed rape was low, mainly by Canada Geese that utilised fields with no-till when the ground was snow-covered.
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Гадиев, Rinat Gadiev, Галина, and Chulpan Galina. "Crossing – method of increasing the reproductive qualities geese." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 8, no. 3 (October 24, 2013): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1362.
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The aim of our research was to increase the productive and reproductive qualities of geese breeders by crossing the white Hungarian and Kuban rocks. To achieve this aim, we should solve the following problems: to study the economically advantageous features of geese flocks of different genotypes and to calculate the cost-effectiveness of the research results. Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out in the Limited company “Bashkirskaya ptitsa” of Blagovar district of Bashkortostan in 2009-2012 by geese flocks of white Hungarian, Kuban breeds and their crosses. To study the productive and reproductive qualities of geese flocks we formed four groups of 64 head of adult geese of first year at the rate of 3 to 1 gander goose. The first group was equipped with Hungarian white goose breeds, the second - the Kuban , the third - a cross between those, obtained by crossing the white Hungarian geese ganders with Kuban, and the fourth - a cross between the Kuban gander and white Hungarian geese. The research was carried out for 150 days. The process parameters and feeding of geese corresponded to VNITIP recommendations. According to the research, we found that the geese of III trial group (♂Hungarian × ♀ Kuban) outnumbered white peers of Hungarian breed and other groups in egg production by 9.6 and 2.2%, respectively, with 3.9% yielding Kuban. The highest content of carotinoids, vitamin A and B2 were found in the eggs of hybrid geese of III group, which amounted to, respectively, 16.05 mkg/g, 9.31 and 8.73 mkg/g. The highest number of conditional geese of first category had also cross-bred geese of third experimental group (♂Hungarian × ♀ Kuban) - 1,447 heads or 85.7%, which is 4.3, 5.9 and 2.2 % had more than a white Hungarian, Kuban breeds of geese and other crossbred groups. Output. Thus, due to the high egg production, the quality of hatching eggs and day-old chicks, the breeding of hybrid geese, obtained in crosses with a white Hungarian geese with Kuban rocks, yielded additional revenue of 119,751.7 rubles and increase profitability by 11.91% , compared with the parental forms Kuban breed geese.
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Massey, Ethan R., Lindsay G. Carlson, and Douglas C. Osborne. "Temporal Trends in Body Condition of Arctic Geese Wintering in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 11, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/062018-jfwm-047.
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Abstract Midcontinent populations of arctic nesting geese (hereafter, arctic geese), including greater white-fronted geese Anser albifrons frontalis, lesser snow geese Anser caerulescens caerulescens, and Ross's geese Anser rossii, have increased in abundance and shifted their winter distribution in recent decades. Consequently, the number of arctic geese wintering in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) has increased since the 1980s. Stored endogenous nutrients are critically important to the life cycle of arctic geese as the geese use these stored nutrients to complete long-distance migration events, survive harsh winters, and supplement nutrients needed for reproduction. This study tracked temporal changes in body condition of arctic geese during the wintering period. We collected arctic geese from October–February 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 in eastern Arkansas. We used proximate analysis to determine size of lipid and protein stores as an index of body condition. Protein stores were more stable through time than lipids, but we observed a slight increase in all species as winter progressed. Mean lipid stores were dynamic and were highest in November and lowest in February. Greater white-fronted geese arrived earliest to the MAV and experienced an increase in endogenous lipid stores during early winter when high-energy food resources were most abundant. Conversely, snow and Ross's geese arrived to the MAV later and did not appear to increase their lipid stores upon arrival. All three species experienced a decline in stored lipid mass as winter progressed; a combination of factors such as resource depletion, a shift in dietary needs, physiological factors, hunting pressure, and increased energetic demands may have driven the decline. An improved understanding of the role that “nontraditional” wintering grounds exert on the nutrient dynamics of arctic geese may aid in the management of growing and shifting populations.
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Haščík, Peter, Václav Kulíšek, Miroslava Kačániová, and Jaroslav Pochop. "Histological analysis of muscles of Landes geese." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, no. 5 (2010): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058050155.
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The aim of this study was histological and histochemical analyze of musculus pectoralis major (MPM) and musculus biceps femoris (MBF) of 12-weeks old Landes geese husbandry by sex from Hruboňovo (Czech Republic). The geese had live weight of 3979.0 g and the ganders had live weight of 4779.0 g. Higher α White fiber percentage representation of musculus pectoralis major and musculus biceps femoris of 12-weeks old Landes geese histological analyses we followed. Representation of sex identical MBF was 60.0% (gander) and 64.1% (geese) and MPM was 47.6% (ganders) and 51.1% (geese). The lowest α Red fibre percentage content in MPM was 6.7% (ganders) and 4.7% (geese) and β Red fiber in MBF was 10.7% (ganders) and 9.5% (geese). No statistically significant differences (P ≥ 0,05) among sex in the fat cells thickness of geese were found, but significant differences (P ≤ 0,01) was found in MBF fat cells between ganders (26.3 μm) and geese (21.9 μm). Highest thickness of α White fibre in muscles breast and femoral were found in both sex and lowest was found in β Red fibre. Muscles fibres thickness was higher femoral muscles in average (59.9 μm – ganders; 58.3 μm – geese) opposite breast muscles (47.7 μm – ganders, 44.9 μm – geese), what is the mean higher consistence of femoral muscles for consumer. In term of lowest musculus fiber thickness of Landes geese in average were 44.9 μm – MPM, 58.3 μm – MBF opposite of ganders 47.7 μm – MPM, 59.9 μm – MBF. Higher α White fibre representation was both muscles (51.1% – MPM, 64.1% – MBF). We recommended for experience used individual rearing of male.
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Orischuk, O. S., N. A. Ruban, S. V. Tsap, V. V. Mykytiuk, and L. M. Darmohray. "Productivity and slaughter index of young gees feeding of soybean lecithin and sunflower." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 19, no. 74 (March 3, 2017): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet7409.
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The results of the impact of soy lecithin and sunflower on productivity and quality slaughter calves geese. Experimental studies were conducted with 200 geese breed «Danish lehart» which formed 5 groups. Since days old, I (control) group of geese received during the research period, complete feed is made in terms of private enterprise «Orbita», II, III, IV and V (experimental) group received a complete feed with the addition of its composition of different doses of lecithin sunflower instead of a similar amount of soybean meal. Experimental young geese fed complete ration that was balanced in essential nutrients. Over the entire period of growing the highest average increase in body weight observed in geese II experimental group, which was 95.2 g, which is 9.7% higher compared with the control. Advantage geese III, IV and V of experimental groups fed 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% soy lecithin, this indicator was 0.3%, 4.8% and 7.4% compared to analog control group. A similar trend was observed in terms of the absolute increase in body weight, where the highest increase was observed in the experimental group of geese II – 5711 g, which is 9.6% higher compared with the control. Feeding soy lecithin III, IV and V of the experimental group also tended to increase in absolute growth, namely 0.3%, 4.8% and 6.4% relative and 0.5% – 0.8%. To assess meat quality of young geese for the use of sunflower lecithin and soybean aged 60 days was held control slaughter to determine slaughtered parameters. In terms of pulp output young geese II experimental group exceeded by 16.3% (P < 0.01), analogues control group, the experimental group III geese by 4.4%, geese IV experimental group 6.4% (P < 0.05) and the experimental group geese V 8.5% respectively. By weight of skin with subcutaneous fat geese dominated research groups geese control group 12.3%, 7.1%, 5.2% and 9.9% respectively. Calculation of meat and osteal index showed that in II experimental group the figure was 1.86 and was 7.5% higher than the control at 3.5%, III research group – on 2.7%, IV group – to 1.6% and 0.5% V group respectively. Analyzing the findings can assert about the appropriateness of sunflower lecithin in the composition of complete feed young geese in an amount of 0.4%. Prospects of further research is to study the effects of different amounts and sources of sunflower lecithin in feeding breeder geese breed «Danish lehart».
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Eriksson, Mats O. G., and Peter Lindberg. "Påverkar kanadagässen Branta canadensis häckningsresultatet för smålom Gavia stellata och storlom G. arctica?" Ornis Svecica 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2000): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v10.22880.
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During the latest decades, Canada Geese have increased in numbers and expanded over large parts of north-western Europe. Hitherto, the risk for adverse effects on the native bird fauna has been assessed to be negligible, although there are single records of divers (Gavia spp.) having failed or abandoned the breeding site after the establishment of Canada Geese. Therefore, we initiated an inquiry about breeding success and nest locations of divers and geese in Sweden. For Red-throated Diver, we compared the breeding success for pairs nesting at tarns with and without breeding Canada Geese. We found no indication of any negative effects on breeding success: The average production was 0.82 “large” chicks per pair and year for pairs at tarns with breeding Canada Geese, compared to 0.75 at tarns without breeding geese. For Black-throated Diver, the average hatching success for pairs with and without nesting Canada Geese on the same islet was 46% and 47%, respectively. But the average distance to the closest goose nest (on another islet) was lower for failed nests compared to successful ones. We judge, that the expansion of the Canada Goose is not a threat on a national or regional scale, although single diver pairs certainly suffer from having Canada Geese as close neighbours. Among both species of divers there are also indications of adaptations to the geese, e.g. through moving to new nesting sites at the same breeding lake. Finally, potential benefits from the presence of Canada Geese, e.g. if the geese keep other potential predators away, should not be overlooked.
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Liu, Xu, Peng Li, Changqing He, Xiangyong Qu, and Songchang Guo. "Comparison of overfed Xupu and Landes geese in performance, fatty acid composition, enzymes and gene expression related to lipid metabolism." Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 33, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1957–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0842.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare overfeeding performance, fatty acid composition, blood chemistry, enzymes and genes expression overfed Xupu and Landes geese.Methods: Sixty male Xupu geese (80 d) and Landes geese (80 d) were selected. After a period of one-week of pre-overfeeding, Xupu and Landes geese were overfed three meals of 550 and 350 g/d, respectively, of a high-carbohydrate diet in the first week of the overfeeding period. The next week, geese were given four meals of 1,200 and 850 g/d, respectively, over 8 to 14 d. Finally, geese were given five meals of 1,600 and 1,350 g/d, respectively, for the last two weeks.Results: After overfeeding for 28 d: Compared with Landes geese, Xupu geese liver weight and liver-to-body weight ratio decreased (p<0.05), while final weight, slaughter weight, total weight gain, abdominal fat weight, and feed-to-liver weight ratio increased (p<0.05). The levels of elaidic acid (C18:1t9), oleic acid (C18:1n-9), eicosenoic acid, and arachidonic acid in the liver of Xupu geese significantly increased (p<0.05), and the levels of myristic acid and stearic acid significantly decreased (p<0.05), while methyleicosanoate acid significantly increased (p<0.05). Xupu geese had higher plasma concentrations of triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05), and decreased activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lipase (LPS) (p<0.05). Landes geese had higher LPS activity (p<0.05), but lower cholinesterase activity (p<0.05) when compared with Xupu geese. The mRNA expression levels of fatty acid dehydrogenase (FADS) gene, elongase of longchain fatty acid 1 (ELOVL1) gene, ELOVL5, and acyl-Co A: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) gene were significantly upregulated (p<0.05) in Landes goose when compared with Xupu geese.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the liver production performance of Landes geese was better than that of Xupu geese to some extent, which may be closely related to LPS activity, as well as the expression of FADS, ELOVL1, ELOVL5, and ACAT2.
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Chen, Jinyuan, Yawen Guo, Yang Lu, Zhaoyuan He, Yali Zhu, Shuyu Liu, and Kaizhou Xie. "Effects of Acremonium terricola Culture on the Growth, Slaughter Yield, Immune Organ, Serum Biochemical Indexes, and Antioxidant Indexes of Geese." Animals 12, no. 9 (May 2, 2022): 1164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12091164.
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Acremonium terricola culture (ATC) is a new type of green feed additive, and its main components include cordycepin, adenosine, and ergosterol. In this study, the Hortobagy geese were used as the experimental animals to explore the effects of ATC addition to the basal diet. Seven hundred and twenty 1-day-old Hortobagy geese were randomly divided into four treatment groups, each with 180 geese divided into six pens equally. The four treatments included the control group and three experimental treatments. Half of the geese in each group were males and half were females. All geese were offered the same basal diet with ATC supplementation at 0, 3, 5, and 7 g/kg. The results showed that basal diet supplementation with 7 g/kg ATC reduced the feed conversion rate (FCR) of Hortobagy geese in a highly significant manner (p < 0.01). When the dosage of ATC was 3 g/kg, the breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate of female geese were significantly increased (p < 0.05). ATC supplementation in the basal diet had no significant effect on the immune organ index of Hortobagy geese (p > 0.05). Basal diet supplementation with 3 g/kg and 5 g/kg ATC significantly reduced the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) content in the serum of female geese, significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of the serum, and significantly reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the serum (p < 0.05). The addition of 5 g/kg and 7 g/kg ATC to the basal diet reduced the blood glucose (GLU) content in male geese in a highly significant manner (p < 0.01). A basal diet supplemented with 3 g/kg and 7 g/kg ATC significantly reduced the MDA content in geese breast muscles (p < 0.05). Basal diet supplementation with 3 g/kg ATC highly significantly improved the T-AOC of female geese breast muscles (p < 0.01). Basal diet supplementation with 5 g/kg ATC significantly improved the T-AOC of female geese leg muscles (p < 0.01). In summary, basal diet supplementation with ATC enhances the growth performance and antioxidant properties of Hortobagy geese.
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Massaccesi, Luisa, Alice Cartoni Mancinelli, Simona Mattioli, Mauro De Feudis, Cesare Castellini, Alessandro Dal Bosco, Maria Laura Marongiu, and Alberto Agnelli. "Geese Reared in Vineyard: Soil, Grass and Animals Interaction." Animals 9, no. 4 (April 19, 2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9040179.
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Agroforestry systems aim at increasing the productivity and the environmental sustainability of both crop and animal productions. The integration of small animals such as geese in the vineyard could represent an opportunity to improve farm income and reduce land use for grazing. The main objective of this work was to study the impact of geese rearing in an organic vineyard on the chemical and biochemical properties of the soil and the effect of Copper (Cu) supplied with the fungicide treatments. Furthermore, the amount of Cu in the animal tissues was also investigated. Three experimental areas within the vineyard were selected: High Geese Density (HGD-240 geese ha−1), Low Geese Density (LGD-120 geese ha−1) and Without Geese used as control soil (WG). The results indicated that both HGD and LGD did not affect the main chemical properties of the vineyard soils. LGD increased the amount and the efficiency of the microbial biomass in the upper soil horizons. Moreover, geese through the grazing activity reduced the Cu content in the vineyard soils, accumulating this element in their liver. However, the content of Cu in the breast and drumstick of vineyard geese did not show any significant difference in respect the meat of the control ones.
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Nilsson, Leif, and Hakon Persson. "Selection and exploitation of feeding areas by staging and wintering geese in southmost Sweden." Ornis Svecica 1, no. 2 (April 1, 1991): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v1.23086.
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Bean Geese and Canada Geese preferred high-energy food (spilled grain, sugar-beet spill, potatoes and carrots) in autumn. When harvested fields were ploughed or when the ground was frozen, the geese grazed winter cereals. During periods with deep snow most of the Canada Geese utilized rape sticking up through the snow. In spring, both species fed on sprouting grass on permanent pastures. Such pastures were also heavily utilized by Bean Geese during mild periods in late winter. White-fronted Geese primarily used winter cereals and grassland. Marked changes in agricultural practices have occurred in southern Sweden contemporarily with the population increase in the Bean Goose. Mechanical harvesting has provided abundant spill of sugar beet, potatoes and carrots, serving as a high-rated food source for geese in autumn. Distance to the roost was also an important factor influencing field choice. Flying distances of up to 14 km were noted both for Bean and Canada Geese, although mean distances were much shorter. SW Skåne could probably support larger staging populations. During the last 10 years only a small proportion of suitable areas (36% of 1 X 1 km squares within flying distance of 14 km of a roost) was used by feeding Bean Geese.
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Vasudevan, Lavanya. "Wild Geese." Ploughshares 47, no. 2 (2021): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plo.2021.0069.
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Holloway, Marguerite. "Hot Geese." Scientific American 263, no. 2 (August 1990): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0890-22.
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Spade, Bonita. "The Geese." Journal of Holistic Nursing 12, no. 1 (March 1994): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089801019401200106.
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Shaw, Luci. "Snow Geese." Spiritus: A Journal of Christian Spirituality 18, no. 2 (2018): 260–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/scs.2018.0029.
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Yen, Ting-Ying, Kuang-Po Li, Shan-Chia Ou, Jui-Hung Shien, and Poa-Chun Chang. "THE WHITE ROMAN GOOSE AS A HOST FOR INFECTION AND VIRAL SHEDDING OF MUSCOVY DUCK PARVOVIRUS." Taiwan Veterinary Journal 41, no. 02 (June 2015): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1682648515500079.
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Waterfowl parvoviruses are divided into two groups: the goose parvovirus (GPV) group and the Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV) group. Previous study shows that GPV causes the disease in both geese and Muscovy ducks whereas MDPV causes the disease only in ducks but not in geese. However, the possibility remains that MDPV might cause asymptomatic infection in geese. In this study, the white Roman geese were experimentally inoculated with MDPV. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed that the geese inoculated with MDPV shed virus from cloaca from one to four weeks post-inoculation. Western blot analysis showed that these geese also produced antibodies against MDPV from three weeks post-inoculation. In addition, the presence of MDPV in field samples collected from geese was confirmed by PCR and sequencing analysis. Taken together, these results indicated that the goose is a host for infection and viral shedding of MDPV. This finding is important for the control of MDPV infection in the field.
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Petriv, M. D., L. V. Ferenc, S. O. Vovk, and V. S. Fedorovych. "IMPROVED SELECTION AND BREEDING PARAMETERS OF THE OBROSHYN GRAY BREED GROUP OF GEESE." Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology 25, no. 1 (May 16, 2024): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36359/scivp.2024-25-1.16.
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The results of the improvement of the selection and genetic parameters of the goose population obtained by purebred linear breeding and geese with blood transfusion of the large gray breed (IV generation) of Obroshyn breeding are given. The research was conducted on geese of the Obroshyn gray breed group with the aim of increasing the selection and breeding nucleus of geese with high-performance indicators. As a result of the selection and breeding work carried out in 2022, the effectiveness of the introductory crossbreeding of Obroshyn gray geese with great gray geese was proven. Improvement of productive qualities of Obroshyn gray geese was achieved with the infusion of large gray breed blood (IV generation) and preservation of the main qualities of this breed group: good adaptability to local conditions of feeding and maintenance, exterior, quality of meat and feather and down raw materials. Productivity indicators of Obroshyn gray geese (I group) were: laying capacity – 38,4 pcs.; egg weight – 164,0 g; fertilization of eggs – 86,3 %; hatching of goslings – 76,4 %; live weight of geese at the age of 9 weeks - males 4310 g, females - 3800 g; preservation – 95,0 %. Obroshyn gray geese of the 4th generation obtained by transfusion of large gray breed blood (group II) were characterized by correspondingly higher indicators: in terms of laying by 3,1 %, however, fertilization was lower by 5,8 % and hatching was lower by 4.4%. The preservation of geese in this group was higher by 3,2 %, and the live weight at the age of 9 weeks was 4.4% higher in males and 3.2% higher in females. The geese of the II experimental group were superior to their peers from the I group in terms of meat quality, in terms of the weight of the uncut and cut carcass, and the yield of edible parts. Geese of experimental group II were also characterized by better meat productivity at the age of 9 weeks, in which the mass of pectoral muscles was 7.0% higher in males and 1,4 % higher in females, and the mass of thigh muscles was higher in males and females - by 4,0 and 4,8 %, respectively, than in geese of the I group. Geese of experimental group II were also characterized by better meat productivity at the age of 9 weeks, in which the mass of pectoral muscles was 7.0% higher in males and 1.4% higher in females, and the mass of thigh muscles was higher in males and females - by 4.0 and 4.8%, respectively, than in geese of the I group.
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MacInnes, C. D., R. K. Misra, and J. P. Prevett. "Differences in growth parameters of Ross' Geese and Snow Geese: evidence from hybrids." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-042.
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Ten Ross' Geese, 14 hybrid Snow – Ross' Geese, and 4 Snow Geese were raised together at McConnell River, Northwest Territories. The birds fed on native vegetation, supplemented by dog food. Measurements taken at regular intervals of weight, tarsus length, culmen length, and culmen height were fitted to the Gompertz curve, and the three growth parameters derived therefrom were subjected to genetic analysis. Results showed that Ross' Geese had more genes contributing to a higher growth constant than Snow Geese, but little allelic dominance was observed. Snow Geese grew to a larger final size, with evidence that dominance was more important in that process. Reasons for the faster growth but smaller adult size are discussed with reference to the severity of conditions on nesting areas during the gosling period.
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Chen, Li, Yongqing Cao, Guoqin Li, Yong Tian, Tao Zeng, Tiantian Gu, Wenwu Xu, Oksana Konoval, and Lizhi Lu. "Population Structure and Selection Signatures of Domestication in Geese." Biology 12, no. 4 (March 31, 2023): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12040532.
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The goose is an economically important poultry species and was one of the first to be domesticated. However, studies on population genetic structures and domestication in goose are very limited. Here, we performed whole genome resequencing of geese from two wild ancestral populations, five Chinese domestic breeds, and four European domestic breeds. We found that Chinese domestic geese except Yili geese originated from a common ancestor and exhibited strong geographical distribution patterns and trait differentiation patterns, while the origin of European domestic geese was more complex, with two modern breeds having Chinese admixture. In both Chinese and European domestic geese, the identified selection signatures during domestication primarily involved the nervous system, immunity, and metabolism. Interestingly, genes related to vision, skeleton, and blood-O2 transport were also found to be under selection, indicating genetic adaptation to the captive environment. A forehead knob characterized by thickened skin and protruding bone is a unique trait of Chinese domestic geese. Interestingly, our population differentiation analysis followed by an extended genotype analysis in an additional population suggested that two intronic SNPs in EXT1, an osteochondroma-related gene, may plausibly be sites responsible for knob. Moreover, CSMD1 and LHCGR genes were found to be significantly associated with broodiness in Chinese domestic geese and European domestic geese, respectively. Our results have important implications for understanding the population structure and domestication of geese, and the selection signatures and variants identified in this study might be useful in genetic breeding for forehead knob and reproduction traits.
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Sawicka-Durkalec, Anna, Grzegorz Tomczyk, Iryna Gerilovych, and Olimpia Kursa. "Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Riemerella anatipestifer in Poultry and Wild Geese in Poland." Pathogens 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2023): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020256.
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Riemerella anatipestifer (RA) is one of the most relevant bacterial pathogens of commercial waterfowl from clinical and economic points of view. Our study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of RA infection in different types of commercial poultry in Poland and verify the potential role of wild geese as vectors of this pathogen. We tested a total of 126 poultry flocks, including geese (N = 20), ducks (N = 42), turkeys (N = 64) and 19 wild geese, including greater white-fronted geese (N = 9), greylag geese (N = 5) and Taiga bean geese (N = 5). Tracheal swabs were examined for RA using a PCR targeting a conserved region of the 16S rRNA gene. Selected PCR products were sequenced to perform the phylogenetic analysis. Among the commercial poultry, the highest RA prevalence was found in flocks of ducks (35.7%) and geese (30.0%), whereas the lowest one was found in turkeys (3.2%). Most tested wild geese (94.7%) were RA positive. The phylogenetic analysis showed relatively low genetic diversity of the sequences analyzed, which gathered in two clusters of the phylogenetic tree, and the minimum nucleotide identity was 98.6%. Our results would support the contention that RA isolates from commercial poultry circulate in wild bird populations but are not transmitted back to poultry.
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Skyllberg, Ulf. "Numbers of Taiga Bean Geese Anseer f. fabalis utilizing the western and central flyways through Sweden during springtime 2007–2015." Ornis Svecica 25, no. 3–4 (October 1, 2015): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v25.22542.
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Bean Geese Anser fabalis were counted at all known spring staging sites in south-central Sweden within the time window when geese migrating along the western and central flyways had left their wintering grounds in Denmark and southernmost Sweden, but before they had crossed the Bothnian Bay to Finland. Reliable counts were obtained for seven years 2007–2015: 57,000 in 2007, 55,500 in 2008, 49,300 in 2009, 46,900 in 2011, 47,400 in 2012, 53,900 in 2014, and 60,200 in 2015. The increase between 2011 and 2015 was significant and may be related to recently decreased hunting pressure in Finland. Subtraction of an estimated 4,000 Tundra Bean Geese Anser f. rossicus and addition of two small populations of Taiga Bean Geese Anser f. fabalis wintering in the UK and in NW Jutland that were likely missed in the counts, yielded a total estimate of 44,200–57,500 Taiga Bean Geese utilizing the western and central flyways. Based on these counts, combined with data on geese wintering east of the Baltic Sea, I estimate the world population to 68,000 Taiga Bean Geese in 2015.
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Zhang, Yanjun, Yujie Ge, Tian Yang, Yangyang Guo, Jian Yang, Jiawen Han, Daoqing Gong, and Hong Miao. "An IoT-Based Breeding Egg Identification and Coding System for Selection of High-Quality Breeding Geese." Animals 12, no. 12 (June 14, 2022): 1545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12121545.
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The selection of breeding geese requires the recording of egg production information to correspond to the identity of the breeding geese. However, due to the special physiological characteristics of breeding geese, manual recording in practice can affect the egg-laying performance of breeding geese and can also lead to problems of missing and confusing individual breeding goose data with the number of eggs laid by the geese. For contactless recording of breeding goose identity and egg production information for high-quality breeding, this paper proposes an Internet of things (IoT)-based breeding egg identification and coding method for the selection of high-quality breeding geese. At the sensing level, we deployed a radiofrequency identification (RFID)-based sensor. Each breeding goose wore a foot ring RFID tag on its leg, and the individual information was read by foot ring RFID readers placed at the bottom of the devices. Individual information was uploaded to the cloud server for database management through structured query language (MySQL). The target detection modules were mounted on top of the devices, and the breeding geese and eggs were detected in the delivery rooms by an improved single-shot multi-box detector (SSD) target detection algorithm. The egg body limit transmission device and contactless coding device were activated only in the case of breeding eggs, and the breeding goose information was printed on the egg bodies in the form of quick response codes (QR codes), which enabled the breeding egg information to correspond with the breeding goose information. An evaluative experiment was performed using a system for the selection of high-quality breeding geese, with web cameras and a cloud monitoring platform. The breeding geese were allowed 14 days to become accustomed to the experimental environment before monitoring began. The evaluative experiment results showed that the pass rate of egg body coding reached 98.25%, the improved SSD algorithm was 8.65% more accurate and 62.6 ms faster than traditional SSD, and the accuracy rate corresponding to the individual information of the breeding geese and the surface information of the goose eggs was 97.8%. The experimental results met the requirements of accurate marking of individual information of breeding geese, which can provide technical support for the selection of high-quality breeding geese.
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Groom, Quentin J., Tim Adriaens, Claire Colsoulle, Pauline Delhez, and Iris Van der Beeten. "Site selection by geese in a suburban landscape." PeerJ 8 (September 22, 2020): e9846. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9846.
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Background In European and North American cities geese are among the most common and most visible large herbivores. As such, their presence and behaviour often conflict with the desires of the human residents. Fouling, noise, aggression and health concerns are all cited as reasons that there are “too many”. Lethal control is often used for population management; however, this raises questions about whether this is a sustainable strategy to resolve the conflict between humans and geese when, paradoxically, it is humans that are responsible for creating the habitat and often providing the food and protection of geese at other times. We hypothesise that the landscaping of suburban parks can be improved to decrease its attractiveness to geese and to reduce the opportunity for conflict between geese and humans. Methods Using observations collected over five years from a botanic garden situated in suburban Belgium and data from the whole of Flanders in Belgium, we examined landscape features that attract geese. These included the presence of islands in lakes, the distance from water, barriers to level flight and the size of exploited areas. The birds studied were the tadornine goose Alopochen aegyptiaca (L. 1766) (Egyptian goose) and the anserine geese, Branta canadensis (L. 1758) (Canada goose), Anser anser (L. 1758) (greylag goose) and Branta leucopsis (Bechstein, 1803) (barnacle goose). Landscape modification is a known method for altering goose behaviour, but there is little information on the power of such methods with which to inform managers and planners. Results Our results demonstrate that lakes with islands attract more than twice as many anserine geese than lakes without islands, but make little difference to Egyptian geese. Furthermore, flight barriers between grazing areas and lakes are an effective deterrent to geese using an area for feeding. Keeping grazing areas small and surrounded by trees reduces their attractiveness to geese. Conclusion The results suggest that landscape design can be used successfully to reduce the number of geese and their conflict with humans. However, this approach has its limitations and would require humans to compromise on what they expect from their landscaped parks, such as open vistas, lakes, islands and closely cropped lawns.
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Boz, Mehmet Akif, Ahmet Uçar, Kadir Erensoy, and Musa Sarıca. "The Effect of Hatching System and Egg Weight on Production Traits in Turkish Geese: Growth Performance, Slaughter and Meat Quality Traits." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 10, no. 6 (July 3, 2022): 1039–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i6.1039-1046.4885.
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This study was aimed to determine the effect of hatching system (house and machine) and egg weight (heavy and light) on growth performance and meat quality traits in geese. The study was carried out for 12 weeks with a total of 220 Turkish native geese. The geese were individually weighed every 2 weeks during the study, on these same weeks feed conversion ratio (FCR) was measured. Hot and cold dressed, blood, head, foot, edible internal organs (heart, liver, gizzard), abdominal fat, neck, back, breast, thigh and wing percentages were determined. Also cooking loss, drip loss, color and pH were determined as meat quality traits. There was no significant difference between the egg weight groups in terms of BW. However, the geese produced in the house hatching system showed more BW from 6 to 12 weeks of age onwards compared to the machine system. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of FCR by 8 weeks. Both 10 and 12 weeks FCR were determined as the worst house heavy, while the best house light groups. Hot and cold carcass percentages in geese hatched from heavy were higher rates than light eggs. The percentage of wings differed significantly among geese produced from different egg weight groups. Breast meat cooking loss was found higher rates in heavy eggs than light eggs, while thigh meat cooking loss was found higher rates in the house than machine system. The results of this study show that geese hatched in the house system had more BW at the slaughter age compared to machine system geese. In addition, geese produced from heavy eggs showed a higher hot and cold dressed percentages than geese produced from light eggs.
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Badzinski, Shannon S., C. Davison Ankney, James O. Leafloor, and Kenneth F. Abraham. "Egg size as a predictor of nutrient composition of eggs and neonates of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis interior) and Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 80, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z02-010.
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Fresh and pipped eggs were collected to provide data on nutrient composition of eggs and neonates, respectively, of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis interior) and Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens). We sought to determine how well a commonly used and simple index like estimated egg volume or "egg size" predicted egg composition and neonate characteristics including body composition, structural size, and digestive-organ mass. For both species, egg constituents were positively correlated with egg size, but relations for Canada Geese consistently had higher coefficients of determination than did those for Lesser Snow Geese. These differences suggest that there is more among-female variation in nutrient composition of Lesser Snow goose eggs relative to Canada Goose eggs. Most neonatal nutrient constituents were positively correlated with egg size in both species, but the relations between nutrient constituents and egg size were consistently stronger in Lesser Snow Geese than in Canada Geese. Several measures of structural size of neonates were positively correlated with egg size in both species, but egg size was a better predictor of neonate size for Lesser Snow Geese than for Canada Geese. Egg size was a relatively poor predictor of digestive-organ mass for both species. We hypothesize that the stronger relations between neonate quality and egg size in Lesser Snow Geese are a reflection of greater stabilizing selection for embryonic metabolic rates in species that nest at high latitudes and have a short incubation period. The fact that nutrient constituents of eggs were more strongly related to egg size than were the analogous constituents of neonates suggests that variation in metabolic rates of embryos limits the utility of egg size as an accurate and precise predictor of nutrient constituents in the two study species, but especially in Canada Geese.
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Subbotina, Yu M., L. S. Loginova, and V. I. Belousov. "ECOLOGY OF INTEGRATED FARMING OF FISH AND GEESE." Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology 1, no. 3 (2021): 358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.202103018.
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The article deals with the problem of growing fish in integration not only with ducks, but also geese. The planned livestock is determined by the land and water resources available on the farm. The standards of fish cultivation and feed consumption rates for raising geese are considered. The article provides a brief technology of keeping geese in the pond water area. The economic efficiency of the integrated cultivation of fish and geese in reservoirs of complex purpose is emphasized.
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Han, C., J. Yao, J. Wang, L. Lu, and L. Li. "Molecular cloning of the two very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) subtypes in geese and the effect of overfeeding on their MRNA levels." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 89, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas08084.
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The objectives of this study were to verify the existence of two subtypes of the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) gene in geese, to investigate the effect of overfeeding on the plasma concentration of triglycerides (TG) and the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and the mRNA level of VLDLR in Sichuan White geese and Landes geese. The results indicate that there are two subtypes of the VLDLR gene in geese, and that they share a high similarity with those of other species. The expression of VLDLR I and VLDLR II was found in both tissues examined. After overfeeding, the expression level of VLDLR I in adipose tissue showed about a onefold increase (P < 0.05) in both breeds. Overfeeding induced a significant decrease of VLDLR I in skeletal muscle of both breeds, and a significant decrease of VLDLR II in Sichuan White geese (P < 0.05), but an obvious increase of VLDLR II in Landes geese (P < 0.05). In addition, overfeeding induced the increase of plasma VLDL, TG concentration and plasma LPL activity. It was concluded that VLDLR may participate in the metabolism of VLDL-TG by regulating the LPL-mediated TG hydrolysis in geese. Key words: Gene expression, geese, molecular cloning, overfeeding, very low-density lipoprotein receptor
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Ran, Tao, Yi Fang, Hai Xiang, Chengzhen Zhao, Daowei Zhou, Fujiang Hou, Yan D. Niu, and Rongzhen Zhong. "Effects of Supplemental Feed with Different Levels of Dietary Metabolizable Energy on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Grazing Naturalized Swan Geese (Anser cygnoides)." Animals 11, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030711.
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Grazing Swan geese (Anser cygnoides) have good meat quality but grow slowly. This study aimed to study whether supplemental feeding could improve growth performance of grazing Swan geese and investigate a suitable dietary metabolizable energy (ME) level of supplemental diet for grazing Swan geese. Naturalized healthy male Swan geese (n = 144; 42 ± 2.0 days and 1.21 ± 0.17 kg) were randomly allocated into 4 groups and grazed on pasture alone (control, CON) or offered supplemental diets with ME of 9.5, 11.5, or 13.5 MJ/kg of DM after grazing. Growth performance and body-size measurements (including bone development) were lower (p < 0.05) in CON versus supplemented geese, as well as slaughter measurements on days 28 and 56. The DM intake linearly decreased (p < 0.01) with increasing dietary ME from day 29 to 56. Slaughter, semi-eviscerated, eviscerated, and thigh muscle yield linearly (p < 0.01) decreased with increasing dietary ME on day 56. Lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) for breast and thigh muscle on days 28 and 56, and breast muscle shear force on day 56, were lower (p < 0.01) in supplemented versus CON geese. In conclusion, supplemental feeding improved growth performance and carcass characteristics of grazing Swan geese, and supplemental feed with ME of 9.5 MJ/kg of DM could be offered to improve growth and meat quality of grazing Swan geese.
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Clark, M. Sean, Stuart H. Gage, Laura B. DeLind, and Marian Lennington. "The compatibility of domestic birds with a nonchemical agroecosystem." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 10, no. 3 (September 1995): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300006275.
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AbstractWe evaluated free-range domestic chickens and geese as components of a nonchemical apple orchard intercropped with potato. Chickens and geese were compatible with the system but provided different benefits and had different requirements. Chickens were omnivorous and highly active throughout the day, and dispersed throughout the available area. In contrast, geese were strictly herbivorous and less active, and usually remained close to their coop and water source. Geese substantially reduced vegetation biomass under the trees and around the potatoes without damaging either crop. Chickens reduced noncrop vegetation biomass slightly but also consumed several insect species, including Japanese beetle and Colorado potato beetle. Factors influencing the feasibility of integrating domestic chickens or geese into agroecosystems are discussed.
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Kushch, M. M., L. L. Kushch, E. V. Byrka, and O. S. Yaremchuk. "Morphological features of the jejunum and ileum of the middle and heavy goose breeds." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 9, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 690–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2019_811.
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We studied the morphological features of the jejunum and ileum in middle and heavy goose breeds. The geese under six month of age of Gorkovskaya and Legart breeds were used in our research. Geese of a heavy breed had a large intestinal mass, length of the jejunum and ileum, thickness of the mucous membrane of the ileum, and a smaller thickness of the muscular tunic of the jejunum. Legart geese had greater villi density and crypt depth in the jejunum and greater height and density of the villi, the width of the crypts, and the ratio of the height of the villi to the depth of the crypts in the ileum. In all the guts of heavier geese, the density of crypts was lower. The geese of the heavy breed had larger number and area of the ganglia of the mental plexus and smaller number and area in the submucosa in the jejunum, while they had larger area of the ganglia of the submucosal plexus in the ileum. The number of argyrophilic and argentaffin apudocytes in the jejunum of geese of different breeds did not differ, when the Legart breed geese had lesser quantity of apudocytes in the ileum.
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Fox, James G., Nancy S. Taylor, Shelly Howe, Michele Tidd, Shilu Xu, Bruce J. Paster, and Floyd E. Dewhirst. "Helicobacter anseris sp. nov. and Helicobacter brantae sp. nov., Isolated from Feces of Resident Canada Geese in the Greater Boston Area." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 7 (July 2006): 4633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02876-05.
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ABSTRACT Numbers of nonmigratory Canada geese have increased substantially in the past decade, and they have become a nuisance in some urban areas. Because of their close contact with humans in parks and areas adjacent to surface waterways, contact with their feces poses a zoonotic risk. A total of 97 geese from 10 separate geographic locales in the greater Boston area had their feces sampled for detection of Helicobacter spp. Identification of Helicobacter spp. based on 16S rRNA genus-specific helicobacter primers was noted in 39 of 97 (40.2%) DNA fecal extracts. Twenty-seven (27.8%) of these geese had helicobacters isolated from their feces. A urease-positive novel species, Helicobacter anseris, based on phenotypic, biochemical, and 16S rRNA analyses, was isolated from 20 geese from seven different flocks. A second, novel, urease-negative Helicobacter sp., H. brantae, was identified in seven geese. Four geese had both novel Helicobacter spp. cultured from their feces. Whether these two novel helicobacters pose a zoonotic risk, similar to other enteric helicobacters (e.g., H. canadensis, previously isolated from diarrheic and bacteremic humans and from geese in Europe), will require further studies.
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Giles, Molly M., Patrick G. R. Jodice, Robert F. Baldwin, John D. Stanton, and Marc Epstein. "Spring Migratory Pathways and Migration Chronology of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis interior) Wintering at the Santee National Wildlife Refuge, South Carolina." Canadian Field-Naturalist 127, no. 1 (July 14, 2013): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v127i1.1402.
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We assessed the migratory pathways, migration chronology, and breeding ground affiliation of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis interior) that winter in and adjacent to the Santee National Wildlife Refuge in Summerton, South Carolina, United States. Satellite transmitters were fitted to eight Canada Geese at Santee National Wildlife Refuge during the winter of 2009–2010. Canada Geese departed Santee National Wildlife Refuge between 5 and 7 March 2010. Six Canada Geese followed a route that included stopovers in northeastern North Carolina and western New York, with three of those birds completing spring migration to breeding grounds associated with the Atlantic Population (AP). The mean distance between stopover sites along this route was 417 km, the mean total migration distance was 2838 km, and the Canada Geese arrived on AP breeding grounds on the eastern shore of Hudson Bay between 20 and 24 May 2010. Two Canada Geese followed a different route from that described above, with stopovers in northeastern Ohio, prior to arriving on the breeding grounds on 9 June 2010. Mean distance between stopover sites was 402 and 365 km for these two birds, and total migration distance was 4020 and 3650 km. These data represent the first efforts to track migratory Canada Geese from the southernmost extent of their current wintering range in the Atlantic Flyway. We did not track any Canada Geese to breeding grounds associated with the Southern James Bay Population. Caution should be used in the interpretation of this finding, however, because of the small sample size. We demonstrated that migratory Canada Geese wintering in South Carolina use at least two migratory pathways and that an affiliation with the Atlantic Population breeding ground exists.
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AKBAŞ, Aykut Asım, Mehmet SARI, Kadir Emre BUĞDAYCI, and Mustafa SAATCI. "The effect of sex and slaughter age on growth, slaughter, and carcass characteristics in Lindovskaya geese reared under breeder conditions." TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES 44, no. 5 (October 27, 2020): 1087–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/vet-2003-28.
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The study was conducted to determine growth, slaughter, and carcass characteristics of Lindovskaya geese. While a total of 237 goslings, 101 males, and 136 females were used to determine their growth characteristics, 16 male geese in total were used for the detection of the slaughter and carcass characteristics. Each slaughter group (12 weeks and 16 weeks old) consisted of 8 male geese. It was determined that the effect of sex on body weight values by week was significant (P < 0.05). In addition to this, the body weights of male geese were higher than the body weights of the female geese in all weeks. In the study, it was determined that the effect of the slaughter age on the weights of slaughter, head, blood, intestinal fat, and abdominal fat was significant (P < 0.05). Additionally, the values of the geese slaughtered at 16 weeks were higher compared to the geese slaughtered at 12 weeks. It was detected that the effect of slaughter age on the weight of the hot carcass, cold carcass, neck, breast and back, and other parts were significant (P < 0.05). Moreover, it was concluded that these values increased as the slaughter age increased. As a result, it can be said that slaughter age at 16 weeks was more preferable than at 12weeks under breeder conditions. Additionally, it has been revealed that Lindovskaya geese need to be reared under controlled conditions, with regular care and feeding, to obtain better results.
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Schmutz, Joel A., and Karen K. Laing. "Variation in Foraging Behavior and Body Mass in Broods of Emperor Geese (Chen Canagica): Evidence for Interspecific Density Dependence." Auk 119, no. 4 (October 1, 2002): 996–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/119.4.996.
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Abstract Broods of geese spend time feeding according to availability and quality of food plants, subject to inherent foraging and digestive constraints. We studied behavioral patterns of broods of Emperor Geese (Chen canagica) on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, and examined how feeding and alert behavior varied in relation to habitat and goose density. During 1994–1996, time spent feeding by Emperor Goose goslings and adult females was positively related to multispecies goose densities near observation blinds, and not to just Emperor Goose density. Similarly, body mass of Emperor Goose goslings was more strongly related (negatively) to multispecies goose densities than intraspecific densities. A grazing experiment in 1995 indicated that most above ground primary production by Carex subspathacea, a preferred food plant, was consumed by grazing geese. Those results demonstrate that interspecific competition for food occurred, with greatest support for goslings whose behavioral repertoire is limited primarily to feeding, digesting, and resting. Although the more abundant Cackling Canada Geese (Branta canadensis minima) differed from Emperor Geese in their preferred use of habitats during brooding rearing (Schmutz 2001), the two species occurred in equal abundance in habitats preferred by Emperor Goose broods. Thus, Cackling Canada Geese were a numerically significant competitor with Emperor Geese. Comparing these results to an earlier study, time spent feeding by goslings, adult females, and adult males were greater during 1993–1996 than during 1985–1986. During the interval between those studies, densities of Cackling Canada Geese increased two to three times whereas Emperor Goose numbers remained approximately stable, which implies that interspecific competition affected foraging behavior over a long time period. These density-dependent changes in foraging behavior and body mass indicate that interspecific competition affects nutrient acquisition and gosling growth, which has a demonstrated effect (Schmutz 1993) on juvenile survival of Emperor Geese. Management of Emperor Geese should consider interspecific relations and densities of all goose species occurring on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska.
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Conover, Michael R., and Jonathan B. Dinkins. "Divorce in Canada Geese (Branta canadensis): frequency, causes, and consequences." Canadian Field-Naturalist 132, no. 3 (April 11, 2019): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v132i3.1966.
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Most Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) form lifelong pair bonds (same-mate geese), but some pairs break apart and the geese mate with new partners while their former mates are still alive (divorcees). Over 25 years, we assessed lifelong reproduction of 160 collared Canada Geese that nested for multiple years in New Haven County, Connecticut. We examined whether same-mate geese and divorcee geese differed from each other prior to or after the divorce. Fifteen percent of females and 18% of males divorced during their lifetimes. Divorces were more frequent in pairs that produced fewer hatchlings during their prior nesting year. Most divorcees that nested again did so on their former nesting territories. Replacement partners of divorcees averaged younger and had fewer years of nesting experience than the divorcees’ prior mate. Usually after a divorce, one divorcee of each former pair nested immediately while the other skipped one or more years before nesting again. Under such circumstances, the partner able to nest immediately can increase its direct fitness by finding a new partner and nesting rather than foregoing the opportunity to nest that year. During their first nesting year after the divorce, the reproductive success of divorcees and same-mate geese were similar.
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Gumułka, Małgorzata, Nataly Avital-Cohen, and Israel Rozenboim. "Determination of Annual Plasma Hormone Levels Associated with Reproduction in Long-Day Breeding Domestic Geese." Animals 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 2363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082363.
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This paper examines the dynamics of circulating hormone changes connected with reproduction in geese during the annual period related to gonad morphometry. One hundred geese were examined. The levels of prolactin (PRL), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), testosterone (T), progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) were estimated. In both sexes, PRL level patterns fit a quadratic trend with elevations in the post-breeding and the second half of the breeding–laying periods. During these periods, differences in the PRL level between sexes were noted. In ganders, increased PRL levels during the laying period occurred earlier compared to in female geese. Cubic trends for T and E2 in ganders and quadratic for T, P4, and E2 in female geese were observed. PRL was negatively correlated with T in both sexes and with P4 and E2 in female geese. A higher level of T3 and variation in T4 in ganders with a quartic trend in ganders vs. a quadratic in female geese were noted. Patterns of PRL, T, and E2 suggested that the breeding–laying period in ganders may be shorter than in female geese. These findings will be used to explore experimental manipulations of the endocrine axis to increase synchronisation of both sexes.
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Konell, Aline Luiza, Ana Paula Sato, Marina Stival, Nathália Parreira Malaguini, Alan dos Anjos, Rafaela Furioso Ferreira, and Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich. "Serosurvey of Toxoplasma gondii, Sarcocystis sp. and Neospora caninum in geese (Anser sp.) from urban parks and captivity." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 28, no. 2 (April 2019): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612019042.
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Abstract Geese, ducks, mallards, and swans are birds of the order Anseriformes, which are found in the wild, in zoos and parks, and raised for meat consumption. Toxoplasma gondii, Sarcocystis sp., and Neospora caninum are protozoans of several species of animals. Wild and domestic birds can serve as intermediate hosts, disseminators and potential sources of infection of these protozoa to humans through contaminated meat. The aims of this study were: (i) to perform a serological survey of T. gondii, Sarcocystis sp. and N. caninum in geese (Anser sp.) from public parks and from captivity and (ii) to compare seroprevalence between these two locations. Antibodies were detected by Immunofluorescence antibody test using the serum of 149 geese. Antibodies to Sarcocystis sp., T. gondii, and N. caninum were detected in 28.18%, 18% and 0.67% of geese, respectively; 57% of geese from urban parks and 26.53% of geese from captivity were seropositive for at least one protozoa. The results indicate environmental contamination, particularly for the occurrence of antibodies against T. gondii – a zoonosis that causes toxoplasmosis and is transmitted through oocyte ingestion. This is the first serological survey of T. gondii, Sarcocystis sp. and N. caninum in geese from urban parks in Curitiba, Brazil.
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Hemetsberger, Josef, Isabella B. R. Scheiber, Brigitte M. Weiß, Didone Frigerio, and Kurt Kotrschal. "Influence of socially involved hand-raising on life history and stress responses in greylag geese." Interaction Studies 11, no. 3 (November 17, 2010): 380–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.11.3.03hem.
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Animals are hand-raised in a variety of contexts, including experimental research. This has been criticized frequently as producing animals with species-untypical behaviour. Here we compare life histories of 330 hand-raised and 631 gooseraised Greylag geese from a free-flying flock to determine whether hand-raising affected life history, reproductive variables and behaviour. We found little differences in life histories (e.g. male age, age at pair bond) or reproductive variables (e.g. number of eggs, egg weight, number of young hatched and fledged) of hand-raised and goose-raised geese. However, hand-raised females had lower life expectancies than goose-raised ones, mainly due to predation during breeding. Hand-raised geese were stressed significantly less during social, handling and predator stress, were attacked less by conspecifics and were less vigilant than goose-raised geese. We conclude that hand-raising resulted in geese with species-typical life histories but reduced stress responses. This makes hand-raised geese cooperative partners for research, but also more vulnerable when exposed to predators. Keywords: hand-raising; greylag goose; Anser anser; life-history; reproductive success; stress
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Plachovičiūtė, Diana. "The Image of Geese in Lithuanian Phraseology." Tautosakos darbai 67 (July 12, 2024): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/td.24.67.03.
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The article focuses on the image of geese in Lithuanian phraseology, attempting to define its peculiarities and possible connections with other phenomena of the traditional culture. The research material consists of Lithuanian phraseologisms picked out from the lexicographical sources and mentioning either goose, gander, or gosling. Analysis of these phraseologisms reveals that the main peculiarities of the image are related to appearance, character, and behavior of the birds, as well as to the actions performed with them. Phraseologisms emphasize the webbed feet of the geese, their neck, blue gizzard, enlarged reproductive organs, or scabrous skin when deplumed. Geese are depicted as noisy, greedy, oat-eating birds, they waddle in a line, following each other. Their image is not without controversies: they can get wet, but their feathers do not get drenched through. In phraseology, geese are mainly characterized as angry and stupid. The depiction of geese-tending conveys significant cultural information related to the notion of the afterlife, as well as entertainment and economic activities. In general, the image of geese in Lithuanian phraseology is ascribed a negative connotation.
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Önk, Kadir, and Turgut Kırmızıbayrak. "Kars İli Yetiştirici Koşullarındaki Kazların (Anser anser) Yumurta Verimi, Kuluçka, Büyüme, Kesim ve Karkas Özellikleri (I. Yumurta Verimi ve Kuluçka Özellikleri)." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 3 (March 25, 2019): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i3.543-549.2355.
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In order to determine egg production, yield records of 200 mature geese were used from 60 family enterprises. Total 2365 eggs were examined in order to determine the traits of egg yield. While examining mature geese to determine egg production and its traits, geese were grouped according to their feather color (white, yellow, black, piebald, and grey) and ages (1, 2, 3, 4, and >4). In determining the hatchability characteristics, age, feather color and egg weight (170.00). The general means of egg production and egg laying period was 12.66 ± 0.07 per geese and 28.61 ± 0.19 per day respectively, While the general means egg weight and egg shape index values were 163.74 ± 0.38 g and 65.78% respectively. The effect of age and feather color groups on egg production and laying period were significant. The general mean of natural hatchability traits of the geese eggs such as fertility rate, hatchability rate, hatching rate, embryonic mortality rate, and mortality in shell rate were found 76.10%, 60.88%, 80.00%, 13.16% and 6.84% respectively. While the effect of feather color on the natural hatching traits was insignificant, the effect of maternal age on fertility rate was significant but the effect on the other properties examined was insignificant. As a result, the egg production and laying period of Turkish domestic geese were lower than those of many goose breeds but egg weight was similar to many goose breeds. It was determined that hatching yield increased as egg weight increased. In terms of egg yield, it was determined that 3-year-old geese were higher than other age geese.