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Journal articles on the topic 'Gearing'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Kuzmanović, Siniša, Milan Rackov, Miroslav Vereš, and Adam Krajčovič. "Research of HCR Gearing Properties from Warm Scuffing Damage Point of View." Scientific Proceedings Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 22, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/stu-2014-0010.

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AbstractThe issue of design and dimensioning of HCR gearing, particularly of the gearings with an internal engagement, it nowadays, especially in the design of hybrid cars drives, highly topical. This kind of gearing has many advantages in operation, but at the same time it is more complicated in stage of its design and load capacity calculation. Authors in this contribution present some results of temperature scuffing research of internal and external HCR gearing. There are given the equations for calculation of warm scuffing resistance of both external and internal HCR gearing derived according to the integral temperature criterion.

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2

Liu, Hu Ran. "The Rack-Pinion Gearing for High Order of Contact." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 1083–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.1083.

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After an extensive research on the fundamental theory, the theoretical basis for the gearing with equal conjugate curvature is presented in this paper. This includes the theory for gear meshing with high oder of contact. In comparison to previous studies, the theory of this paper is more restricted going beyond third order parameters into the fourth order, the teeth profile had one order of contact higher than that of the ordinary gearing. So that further improved the contact strength of tooth profile. A large category of gearings with high order of contact was presented. The rack-pinion gearing with equal conjugate curvature is one of them. In my gearing the curvature center of media rank extend along the pitch line continuously and steadily.

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3

Liu, Hu Ran. "The Analytical Method of the Construction of the Profile of the Basic Rack for Equal Conjugate Curvature." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 2897–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.2897.

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After an extensive research on the fundamental theory, the theoretical basis for the Logix gearing will be presented in this paper. This includes the theory for gear meshing with high degree of contact. In comparison to previous studies, the theory of this paper is more restricted going beyond third order parameters into the fourth order, the teeth profile had one order of contact higher than that of the Logix gearing. So that further improved the contact strength of tooth profile. A large category of gearings with high order of contact was presented, while the Logix gear is only one of them, or the special example in realization of my theory. In the Logix gearing, the zigzag curvature center curve of media rank does not always lay about the pitch line and does not extend along the pitch line continuously and steadily. It goes forward and returns. So that, in terms of properties of the transverse engagement, the Logix gearing has not much improvement over the traditional Novikov gearing (in which the transverse engagement is temporally). In my gearing the curvature center of media rank extend along the pitch line continuously and steadily. The transverse engagement factor is larger than that of Logix gearing.

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4

Syzrantseva, Ksenia V., Vitaly N. Il’inykh, and Denis S. Kolbasin. "Assessing the failure probability of gearhead of drilling rig top drive system taking into account the mode of its operation." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 3 (July 10, 2019): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2019-3-127-134.

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Elements of drilling equipment are subjected to random loads with very high amplitudes during operation. Classical methods of probabilistic calculation of gearings don’t allow us to estimate the probability of their failure taking into account the real operational data obtained by telemetry when these data cannot be described by standard distribution laws. The offered technique is based on application of methods of non-parametric statistics therefore it is free from these restrictions. All its stages are realized in the Mathcad mathematical processor. The article describes the technique of failure probability of gearing of drilling rig top drive system in accordance with criterion of bending endurance of teeth. Results of its realization for failure probability assessment of gearing at its operation in the heavy loading mode agree well with failure statistics. Also, the technique allows us to determine the probability of gearing failure for any load distribution laws during operation, including, when the loading mode is defined by sample.

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5

Steinhauser, Jozef, and Milan Naď. "Investigation of Transient Phenomena in the Machine Aggregate with Gear Transmission." Applied Mechanics and Materials 808 (November 2015): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.808.315.

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The main focus of contribution is analysis of impact of selected parameters real gearing on dynamics of machine aggregate with gearing transmission. From point of gearing a lot of factors influence on the dynamics of the machine aggregate. The internal ones are mainly the choice of gearing basic parameters, material, production technology, accuracy of toothing and gearing clearance, but deformations, production accuracy, wear and working environment. Specifically, the electromechanical system consisting from direct-current motor and mechanical gearbox with gearing clearance is solved. Analysed machine aggregate coming out from fundamental dynamic model, composed from basic subsystems: source, gearing and driven mechanism, an impact to gearing and a mutual relation between gearing and the rest of system are looked for.

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6

Amato, Ivan. "Gearing Down." Science News 139, no. 2 (January 12, 1991): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3975403.

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7

Johnson, Seanna, Ronald N. Kahn, and Dean Petrich. "Optimal Gearing." Journal of Portfolio Management 33, no. 4 (July 31, 2007): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2007.690600.

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8

Larocco, Daniel J. "Optimal Gearing." CFA Digest 38, no. 1 (February 2008): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/dig.v38.n1.21.

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9

WILSON, ELIZABETH K. "GEARING UP." Chemical & Engineering News 78, no. 39 (September 25, 2000): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v078n039.p041.

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10

Berry, Suzanne. "Andrew Gearing." Trends in Biotechnology 20, no. 9 (September 2002): 404–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7799(02)02008-5.

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11

Lozin, Vadim V. "Gearing optimization." Optimization and Engineering 9, no. 2 (November 21, 2007): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11081-007-9028-9.

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12

Backhaus, Richard. "Gearing Up." MTZ worldwide 76, no. 2 (January 1, 2015): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-014-1023-x.

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13

Sampson, Ben. "Gearing up." Aerospace Testing International 2019, no. 1 (March 2019): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s1478-2774(23)50242-8.

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14

Kopiláková, Beáta, and Miroslav Bošanský. "Non-Standard Gearing as the Possibility of Increasing Resistance to Pitting." Scientific Proceedings Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 22, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/stu-2014-0008.

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AbstractIn this article are shown the influence of the type non-standard gearing to reduce damage to the pitting. The introduction of the article describes a fundamental difference between the involute and non-involute gearing and the influence of some parameters, especially of the slip ratio to damage of gearing. The paper describes the principle of evaluation pitting by makrofoto graphical method, too and also shows the basic results of the experiment, which was executed on two types of gearing (HCR gearing and C-C gearing) on the Niemann´s stend in term of the damage to pitting.

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15

Feng, Zhan Hui, Ming Kang Gou, and Shao Wu. "Research on Geometry Relationship of Pin-Rack Gearing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 86 (August 2011): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.86.547.

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The pin-rack gearing is a particular type of cycloidal gearing which transforms a rotation motion to a linear one. Comparing with rack and pinion gearing and hydraulic swing cylinder, the pin-rack gearing has a more compact structure, less mass and lower cost. Nevertheless, designers always worry about vibration, noise and low use life as pin-rack mechanism working caused by deficiency of design theory. The present research derived the pin-rack gearing tooth profile equation and studied the geometry relationship among design parameters. The results can help to improve the pin-rack gearing design.

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16

Radzevich, Stephen. "Principal accomplishments in the scientific theory of gearing." MATEC Web of Conferences 287 (2019): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928701001.

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An in-depth analysis of the accomplishments in the theory of gearing has been undertaken by the author. The main results of the performed analysis are outlined in the paper in a chronological order. Two periods of time are proposed to be considered: pre-Eulerian and post-Eulerian time of the evolution of the gear art. No principal accomplishments in the theory of gearing were attained in the pre-Eulerian period of evolution of gearing. It is stated that scientific theory of gearing is originated from the publication by Leonhard Euler of two of his famous papers (1760). The main theorem of parallel-axes gearing, or, in other words, the “conjugate action law”, is loosely attributed to R. Willis (1841), which is not correct. Ch. Camus was the first (1733), who has carried out a research on this subject, however he failed to formulate this law of gearing correctly. In the final form the theorem was known to L. Euler and to F. Savaryr. Therefore, it is proposed to refer to the main theorem of parallel-axes gearing as to the “Camus-Euler-Savaryr theorem of gearing” (or just as to the “CES-theorem of gearing”, for simplicity). A huge mistake in the theory of gearing was committed by T. Olivier (1842). The effect of this mistake onto the evolution of the theory of gearing is discussed. Contributions by G. Grant (1887), and by V. Shishkovt (1948), that is, his well-known equation of contact, n·VΣ=0, are outlined. Introduced in around 2008, concept of the operating base pitch in a gear pair considered in detail. Latest accomplishments in the theory of gearing are summarized and briefly discussed in the paper. These accomplishments form the foundation of the self-consistent scientific theory of gearing (Radzevich, S.P., 2012, 2018). The scientific theory of gearing is not threatened with destruction, but only superstructure and development are extected (every scientific theory features this property).

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17

BEDNARCZYK, Sławomir, Ludomir JANKOWSKI, and Justyna KRAWCZYK. "THE INFLUENCE OF ECCENTRICITY CHANGES ON POWER LOSSES IN CYCLOIDAL GEARING." Tribologia 285, no. 3 (June 30, 2019): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5430.

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Gearing is one of the most important rolling nodes in a cycloidal planetary transmission. It consists of gears whose outlines are created according to cycloidal curves and the rollers cooperating with them. The epicycloidal and hypocycloidal gearing can be distinguished. There are power losses during the transmission operation, due to the transmitted load and friction in the gearing. The paper presents an analytical method for determining losses in cycloidal gearing, taking into account the manufacturing deviations of the elements making this gearing. The analysis allowed determining the distribution of intertooth clearances and forces at the points of contact between the profiles and the rollers, and consequently the distribution of power losses in gearing. The distribution of intertooth forces was verified by elastooptic tests of the gears set with cycloidal gearing. The results of the calculations indicate that the influence of eccentricity changes on the distribution of intertooth forces is significant and also that the distribution of power losses in gearing is closely related to the distribution of intertooth forces and has a very similar character.

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18

Simon, V. "EHD Lubrication Characteristics of a New Type of Ground Cylindrical Worm Gearing." Journal of Mechanical Design 119, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2828770.

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A full thermal elastohydrodynamic analysis of lubrication of a new type of cylindrical worm gearing with concave worm profile, ground by a grinding wheel whose profile consists of two circular arcs, is presented. The EHD lubrication analysis is based on the simultaneous solution of the Reynolds, elasticity, energy, and Laplace’s equations. The oil viscosity variation with respect to pressure and temperature and the density variation with respect to pressure are included. The finite difference method and numerical integration have been used to get the solution of the highly nonlinear integrodifferential system of governing equations. By using a computer program, the influence of design and operating parameters of the new type of worm gearing on EHD lubrication characteristics has been investigated. Also, the comparison of the EHD load carrying capacity and of the power losses in the oil film of the new type and of the commonly used cylindrical worm gearings has been carried out.

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19

Maiti, Rathindranath. "A Novel Harmonic Drive With Pure Involute Tooth Gear Pair." Journal of Mechanical Design 126, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1637659.

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Consider commercially available “harmonic drives” or “strain wave gearings” (all patented designs). The tooth profiles of the mating pairs of teeth of the noncircular (pitch curve) flex gear and circular (pitch circle) ring gears are nearly conjugate and noninvolute. Evidently none of them offers ideal gear kinematics. In this paper, we propose a new wave generator (or cam) to drive flex gears of harmonic drives with fully conjugate gear pairs of purely involute profiles. The cam profile is made of circular arcs at the two diametrically opposite contact zones and shifted elliptical curves for the other two zones. The geometric construction is done in such a way that tip interference is properly avoided for both engagement and disengagement with nominally stubbed or full depth tooth involute gears. We develop the theory of geometric and gearing conditions. We have also built a physical model in order to verify the geometry of tooth interference and other relevant gearing kinematics.

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20

Wagner, M. J., W. F. Ng, and S. G. Dhande. "Profile Synthesis and Kinematic Analysis of Pure Rolling Contact Gears." Journal of Mechanical Design 114, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2916950.

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The kinematic analysis of a type of gearing which allows for power transmission between shafts with pure rolling contact is presented. This proposed gearing is helical and exhibits theoretical point contact. Comparisons are made between the proposed gearing and conventional types such as involute gearing and Wildhaber-Novikov circular arc gearing. The analysis of the specific proposed profile includes derivation of surface normal, pressure angle, and surface curvature. Curvatures are used to predict possible interference between mating gear surfaces. A curve showing allowable values for the tooth profile parameters is included.

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21

Povetkin, Vitaliy Vasilyevich, Saltanat Zharylgasovna Bagitova, Manshuk Fazylovna Kerimzhanova, Elena Petrovna Orlova, Madina Esdauletovna Isametova, Mukhtarbek Kalmurzaevich Tatybayev, and Amina Zakharovna Bukayeva. "THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPUTER MODEL OPERATION OF TOOTH GEARING WITH EVOLVENT GEARING AND NOVIKOV’S GEARING." NEWS of National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan 5, no. 437 (October 15, 2019): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2019.2518-170x.123.

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22

Tang, Hao, Zai Xin Liu, and Hao Rong. "Finite Element Analysis of Inclined Double-Roller Enveloping Hourglass Worm Gearing Based on Workbench." Advanced Materials Research 978 (June 2014): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.978.59.

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To further analyze the deformation and stress of inclined double-roller enveloping hourglass worm gearing, based on the research of geometric characteristic analysis of non-parallel double-roller enveloping hourglass worm gearing and solid modeling of non-parallel double-roller enveloping hourglass worm, helical-line of tooth-surface are obtained using software MATLAB, 3-D model of the worm gearing are established using Pro/E. Finally, finite element analysis based on Workbench are carried out in three different meshing positions of worm gearing. The research methods used in this paper has something referential value for the study of the same type of worm gearing.

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23

Bošanský, M., I. Kožuch, and M. Vereš. "Cylindrical screw gearing with parallel axes of rotation." Research in Agricultural Engineering 53, No. 3 (January 7, 2008): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2128-rae.

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In the first part the article describes the theory of cylindrical screw gearing and in second part it states an alternative solution of screw gearing with parallel axes of rotation. There are given results of relating correctness of gear meshing and its manufacturing as theoretical problem. Authors present possibilities of screw gearing with parallel axes of rotation in area of agricultural machine application too.

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24

Ivanov, Viktor, Dimitar Karaivanov, Svitlana Ivanova, and Mariia Volkova. "Gear mesh geometry effect on performance improvement for external gear pumps." MATEC Web of Conferences 287 (2019): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928701007.

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The parameters of the involute and cycloidal gearing which influence on fluid volume at the tooth space are analysed. It is established that to a greater extent on the flow rate of the pump with involute gearing is influenced by the radial clearance coefficient and the profile shift coefficient. The radii ratio of the auxiliary and pitch circles, as well as the radial clearance coefficient, mainly affect the flow rate of the pump with cycloidal gearing. Since the gear module is determined for reasons of pump flow rate, the teeth has a significant safety factor for contact stress and especially bending stress. This allows a wide variation of the gearing parameters in greater limits than in transmissions. The dependences of the fluid volume at the tooth space in the cycloidal gearing on the radial clearance coefficient, on the radii ratio of the auxiliary and pitch circles, on the fillet radius coefficient, is found. The boundaries of the variation of the gearing parameters were established taking into account the bending strength of the teeth. The analysis is carried out using the finite element method. Recommendations for the use of cycloidal gearing in external gear pumps have been developed.

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25

MISAWA, Toshiaki. "Harmonic Drive Gearing." Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 9, no. 4 (1991): 524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.9.524.

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26

Mandemaker, Imke K., Wim Vermeulen, and Jurgen A. Marteijn. "Gearing up chromatin." Nucleus 5, no. 3 (May 2014): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/nucl.29085.

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27

Litvin, F. L., and Ali Seireg. "Theory of Gearing." Journal of Mechanical Design 114, no. 1 (March 1, 1992): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2916919.

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28

Gutman, Yevsey. "Theory of gearing." Mechanism and Machine Theory 28, no. 5 (September 1993): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-114x(93)90014-m.

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29

Eng, Carolyn M., and Thomas J. Roberts. "Aponeurosis influences the relationship between muscle gearing and force." Journal of Applied Physiology 125, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00151.2018.

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Aponeuroses are connective tissues found on the surface of pennate muscles and are in close association with muscle fascicles. In addition to transmitting muscle forces to the external tendon, aponeurosis has been hypothesized to influence the direction of muscle shape change during a contraction. Muscle shape changes affect muscle contractile force and velocity because they influence the gear ratio with which muscle fascicles transmit force and velocity to the tendon. If aponeurosis modulates muscle shape changes, altering the aponeurosis’ radial integrity with incisions should alter gearing. We tested the hypothesis that incising the aponeurosis would lead to decreased gearing across force conditions with an in situ preparation of the turkey lateral gastrocnemius muscle. We found that multiple full-length incisions in the aponeurosis altered the relationship between gearing and force relative to the intact aponeurosis condition. Specifically, after multiple aponeurosis incisions, gear ratio decreased by 19% in the high-force contractions compared with the intact condition. These results suggest that aponeuroses influence muscle shape change and can alter muscle contractile force and speed through their effect on muscle gearing. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Muscle gearing is determined by muscle shape change during a contraction and varies with the force of contraction. Variable gearing influences muscle force and speed, but how gearing is modulated is not well understood. Incising the aponeurosis before and after contractions demonstrates that aponeurosis plays a role in modulating gearing.

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30

Yang, Can, Junwei Wang, Zhigang Fang, and Fangyan Zheng. "The mathematical model of non-circular crossed-axis gear." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 15, no. 3 (March 2023): 168781322311609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878132231160918.

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Non-circular crossed gear can be regarded as the general form of the single stage gear, which can be converted into hypoid gearing, non-circular bevel gearing, non-circular external gearing, and non-circular internal gearing with specific parameters. This paper established its mathematical model, deduced equation of its axode, and put forward a new method of tooth profile generation with introduction of relative velocity. In term of the theory above, the 3D model of a pair of conjugated gears was built, and its output angular velocity was obtained in analysis of ADAMS. Finally, the physical prototype of the gearing was developed and output angular velocity was measured as well. Both the simulation and measurement results show the motion is in good condition, which confirms the correctness of the theory and algorithm.

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31

Gromyko, P. N., S. N. Khatetovsky, and I. V. Trusov. "Influence of tooth profile on rotation error of eccentric gearing satellite." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 65, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2020-65-4-445-452.

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In the article a cycloid internal engagement of gears that form an eccentric gearing, is considered. This engagement is investigated in point of insensitivity to assembly error. Only one type of assembly error – error of center distance i. e. eccentricity – is considered. It is expanded that workability of gearing with center distance error is provided on the assumption of decrease of diameter of roller that acts as central gear tooth. Roller diameter decrease and center distance error lead to breach of condition of conjugation of gears of eccentric gearing that in turn governs the output member rotation error. IThe output member and rotation transmission mechanism are not considered. Thus output member rotation error is equated to rotation error of eccentric gearing satellite. The influence of tooth profile on rotation error of eccentric gearing satellite is estimated when center distance error. On the base of matrix kinematic the methodology that takes in account the multiple-tooth contact is worked out. On basis of the developed methodology the research of influence of satellite tooth profiles formed on the base of shortened and extended epicycloids on rotation error is carried out. It is determined that in the eccentric gearing the use of satellite tooth profiles, formed on the base of extended epicycloid, makes it possible to decrease the rotation error. At that makes possible the operation of eccentric gearing in general manufacturing settings. Thus, the possibility of extending of eccentric gearing application fields to driving devices with higher requirements to overall sizes, mass, as well as cost, is come.

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32

Gromyko, P. N., S. N. Khatetovsky, and I. V. Trusov. "Influence of tooth profile on rotation error of eccentric gearing satellite." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 65, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2020-65-4-445-452.

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In the article a cycloid internal engagement of gears that form an eccentric gearing, is considered. This engagement is investigated in point of insensitivity to assembly error. Only one type of assembly error – error of center distance i. e. eccentricity – is considered. It is expanded that workability of gearing with center distance error is provided on the assumption of decrease of diameter of roller that acts as central gear tooth. Roller diameter decrease and center distance error lead to breach of condition of conjugation of gears of eccentric gearing that in turn governs the output member rotation error. IThe output member and rotation transmission mechanism are not considered. Thus output member rotation error is equated to rotation error of eccentric gearing satellite. The influence of tooth profile on rotation error of eccentric gearing satellite is estimated when center distance error. On the base of matrix kinematic the methodology that takes in account the multiple-tooth contact is worked out. On basis of the developed methodology the research of influence of satellite tooth profiles formed on the base of shortened and extended epicycloids on rotation error is carried out. It is determined that in the eccentric gearing the use of satellite tooth profiles, formed on the base of extended epicycloid, makes it possible to decrease the rotation error. At that makes possible the operation of eccentric gearing in general manufacturing settings. Thus, the possibility of extending of eccentric gearing application fields to driving devices with higher requirements to overall sizes, mass, as well as cost, is come.

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33

Medvecká-Beňová, Silvia, Peter Frankovský, and Robert Grega. "Influence Gearing Parameters on the Tooth Deformation of Spur Gears." Applied Mechanics and Materials 816 (November 2015): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.816.27.

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Gear teeth are deformed due to the load. The tooth deformation of spur gears is not constant for all examined teeth of gears. Tooth deformation is depends on the shape of the teeth, on the basic parameters of examined spur gear, such as the number of teeth, module gearing, pressure angle, gearing width, correction and modification of gearing.

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34

ZWOLAK, Jan, Marek MARTYNA, and Dominik KOZIK. "DISTRIBUTION OF CONTACT STRESSES AND INTER-TOOTH SLIP IN BILATERAL AND UNILATERAL ENGAGEMENT." Tribologia 286, no. 4 (August 31, 2019): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5973.

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The paper presents the issues concerning contact stresses and inter-tooth slip of a power shift gear used in the powertrain of a wheel loader. The kinematic diagrams on individual gear ratios of the transmission are presented. Using appropriate numerical values of contour shift coefficients (correction coefficients), normal bilateral gearing, pre-pitch unilateral gearing, and post-pitch unilateral gearing were considered. In each of the three types of gearing, contact stresses and inter-tooth slip were calculated for each gear pair and at each gear ratio level, using an author's computer program with multi-criteria optimization.

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35

Radzevich, Stephen. "Elements of dynamics of geometrically-accurate crossed-axes gear pair with line contact between the tooth flanks." MATEC Web of Conferences 366 (2022): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236603001.

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The paper deals with geometrically-accurate crossed-axes gearing that features line contact between the tooth flanks of a gear, and of a mating pinion. The gearing of this design is commonly referred to « R – gearing ». R – gearing is the only possible kind of crossed-axes gearing, in which the tooth flanks of a gear, and of a mating pinion are in line contact with one another. Contact motion characteristics, and the key elements of dynamics of R – gearing are concisely outlined in the paper. The tooth profile sliding, and sliding in the lengthwise direction of the gear tooth, are covered at the beginning of the paper in the section titled Contact motion characteristics. The key elements of dynamics of R – gearing are discussed in the rest sections of the paper. Here, analytical solution to the problems under consideration is presented. The obtained results of the research are also valid for gear pairs that operate on intersected axes of rotation of a gear, and of a mating pinion. This becomes evident if one assumes the center-distance in the gear pair equal to zero. The discussed results of the research form a foundation for the further analysis of dynamics of real gear pairs that operate on crossing axes of rotation of a gear, and of a mating pinion.

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36

Flek, Jan, Martin Dub, Josef Kolář, František Lopot, and Karel Petr. "Determination of Mesh Stiffness of Gear—Analytical Approach vs. FEM Analysis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 4960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114960.

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This paper focuses on modeling the time-varying stiffness of spur gearings, which in dynamic models of transmission systems acts as an important element of the internal excitation of the dynamic system. Here are introduced ways to approach the modeling of gear stiffness using analytical calculations, which allow to model the course of mesh stiffness depending on its rotation. For verification of used analytical model were created five different gearings, and based on their geometry, the respective stiffness curves were analytically determined. Subsequently, a finite element simulation was performed in the Abaqus CAE software. Due to this software, it was possible to identify and objectively compare the stiffness curves and further determine the suitability of using the analytical model to determine the mesh stiffness of gearing.

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Jasem, M. A., and P. Y. Krauinsh. "The mathematical model of engagement and analytical description of tooth profile of waveform edge kinematic reducer." Omsk Scientific Bulletin, no. 175 (2021): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/1813-8225-2021-175-22-31.

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The problem of creating a waveform edge kinematical reducer with multi-pair gearing brings to the fore a range of issues in the field of geometric-kinematic gearing theory, which are considered in this work. The synthesis of multi-pair gearing for a waveform edge kinematical reducer, which ensures the constancy of their transfer function, provides for: development of a mathematical model of gearing taking into account the peculiarities of the interaction of teeth during special-spherical motion; description of the profile of the teeth by a system of equations for a spherical surface and for a normal section of teeth for internal gearing; identification with the help of the MathCAD 2010 Professional program of a mathematical experiment and determination of the area of existence of 100 % multi-pair mating of teeth by comparing the shape of their profile with the nature of the analytical function of multi-pair engagement

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Silich, A. A., R. Yu Nekrasov, and A. Zinchenko. "On the Peculiarities of the Circular Cutter Geometry Applied for Cutting the Wheels of Novikov’s Gearings." Key Engineering Materials 736 (June 2017): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.736.153.

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The authors determine the tolerance ranges of the shift of the basic rack tooth profile of the tool having the form of a gear wheel (shaver, honing wheel, knurling tool) used for cutting the gear wheels of cylindrical Novikov’s gearings. The tolerance range was obtained proceeding from the condition of the edges of regression formation, width of the topland, contact ratio and permissible width of the toothed rim of the tool. The obtained recommendations were used and can be used for designing instruments for machining the Novikov’s gearing wheels.

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Dooner, David B. "On the Three Laws of Gearing." Journal of Mechanical Design 124, no. 4 (November 26, 2002): 733–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1518501.

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Three laws of gearing are presented in terms of a three link 1-dof spatial direct contact mechanism. The first law of gearing defines the instantaneous relationship between an infinitesimal displacement of an output body to an infinitesimal angular displacement of an input body for a specified tooth contact normal. A system of cylindroidal coordinates are introduced to facilitate a universal methodology to parameterize the kinematic geometry of generalized motion transmission between skew axes. The second law of gearing establishes a relation between the instantaneous gear ratio and the apparent radii of the hyperboloidal pitch surface in contact as parameterized using a system of cylindroidal coordinates. The third law of gearing establishes an instantaneous relationship for the relative curvature of two conjugate surfaces in direct contact and shows that this relation is independent of the tooth profile geometry. These three laws of gearing along with the system of cylindroidal coordinates establish, in part, a generalized geometric theory comparable to the existing theory for planar kinematics.

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Ivanov, Konstantin S. "Drive of Extreme Transport Technique." Applied Mechanics and Materials 245 (December 2012): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.245.185.

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The drive of the transport machine in extreme conditions should provide high reliability and durability. For this purpose the tooth gearing should have constant gearing of cogwheels. In a number of patents transmission in the form of the hydraulic converter and not switched tooth gearing is presented. However the hydraulic converter considerably complicates transfer and reduces its reliability. Transmission of extreme transport technique should have a simple design and control and to meet extreme requirements. It is expedient to use not switched adaptive tooth gearing based on a phenomenon of mechanical power adaptation. The present work is devoted working out and a theoretical substantiation of effective adaptive transmission for the transport technique working in extreme conditions.

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Li, Fei, and Jian Fang Xia. "Theoretical Calculation and Simulation Experiment of Tooth Contact in Planetary Gearing with Small Tooth Number Difference." Applied Mechanics and Materials 778 (July 2015): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.778.212.

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This article focuses on multi-tooth contact existing in planetary gearing with small tooth number difference. On the basis of analyses of the meshing process of planetary gearing with small tooth number difference, it puts forward the calculation formula of contacting tooth pairs to the theoretical clearance angles and establishes the theoretical mathematical model for calculating the number of contacting tooth in the meshing process of planetary gearing. The model is used to calculate the data of certain particular planetary gearing mechanism and sort out the relationship between contacting tooth and the load distribution of tooth pairs. And the simulation experiment has been made using the ABAQUS finite element analysis software to verify the validity of the theoretical calculation formula.

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Maláková, Silvia, Michal Puškár, Peter Frankovský, Samuel Sivák, and Daniela Harachová. "Influence of the Shape of Gear Wheel Bodies in Marine Engines on the Gearing Deformation and Meshing Stiffness." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 10 (September 26, 2021): 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101060.

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The basic properties of gears must be considered: the shape of their gearing, their load capacity, and the meshing stiffness, which affects the noise and vibration. When designing large gears, it is important to choose the correct shape of the gear body. Large gears used in marine gearboxes must be designed with as little weight as possible. The requirements of sufficient stiffness of the gear wheel body, as well as the meshing stiffness, must be met. This paper is devoted to the influence of spur gear wheel body parameters on gearing deformation and meshing stiffness. The stiffness of the gear is solved on the basis of the deformation of the gearing teeth, which is determined by the finite element method. Examples of the simulation and subsequent processing of results demonstrates how the individual parameters of the gear wheel body influence the stiffness of the gearing teeth. At the same time, the results point to designs of suitable shape and dimensions to achieve the required stiffness of the gearing teeth, but with the lowest possible weight of the spur gear wheel body.

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Rackov, Milan, Miroslav Veres, Željko Kanovic, and Siniša Kuzmanovic. "HCR Gearing and Optimization of its Geometry." Advanced Materials Research 633 (January 2013): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.633.117.

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A special kind of the basic involute profile of non-standard gearing is called high contact ratio (HCR) gearing, where the contact ratio is higher, there are always at least two pairs of teeth in contact and the unit addendum height is not equal to one like for standard gearing. Thus, the tooth height is increased. When HCR gearing is used, it is not necessary to achieve a greater gear load capacity, but nevertheless there is a greater risk of interference due to the greater tooth height. The advantages of HCR gearing is higher resistance (load is distributed on more pairs of teeth at the same time) and a lower relative noise level of gearing, which can be significantly reduced by using an integer HCR factor. HCR profiles are more complicated than standard involute profiles, they have a greater predisposition for interference, pointed tip thickness and undercut of teeth during production (primary production interference). Due to increased addendum height, there is a larger possibility of some interference or pointed tooth tip occurring. Therefore, these issues need to be prevented in the design phase, and ensured that all relevant equations and constraints are satisfied. The described method of finding optimal gear parameter values uses a Generalized Particle Swarm (GPS) optimization algorithm and MATLAB. The GPS optimization is shown to be a very fast and reliable method.

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Neves, C. G. C., and A. F. F. Filho. "Magnetic Gearing Electromagnetic Concepts." Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications 16, no. 1 (March 2017): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742017v16i1874.

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Davis, Carol. "Gearing up for winter." Nursing Standard 24, no. 6 (October 14, 2009): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.24.6.22.s27.

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Humphrey, A. S. "Gearing up for Change." Management Decision 24, no. 6 (June 1986): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb001419.

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Nieszporek, Tadeusz, Piotr Boral, and Rafał Gołębski. "An analysis of gearing." MATEC Web of Conferences 94 (2017): 07006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20179407006.

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Bergsten, C. Fred. "Gearing up World Growth." Challenge 29, no. 2 (May 1986): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/05775132.1986.11471077.

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INOUE, Katsumi. "Participation in Gearing Research." TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Series C 77, no. 778 (2011): 2407–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.77.2407.

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Snidle, R. W. "Special Issue on Gearing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 215, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440620121500701.

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