Academic literature on the topic 'Gbv service provision'
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Journal articles on the topic "Gbv service provision"
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Sapire, Rachel, Jennifer Ostrowski, Malia Maier, Goleen Samari, Clarisa Bencomo, and Terry McGovern. "COVID-19 and gender-based violence service provision in the United States." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): e0263970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263970.
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Introduction Gender-based violence (GBV) policies and services in the United States (U.S.) have historically been underfunded and siloed from other health services. Soon after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, reports emerged noting increases in GBV and disruption of health services but few studies have empirically investigated these impacts. This study examines how the existing GBV funding and policy landscape, COVID-19, and resulting state policies in the first six months of the pandemic affect GBV health service provision in the U.S. Methods This is a mixed method study consisting of 1) an analysis of state-by-state emergency response policies review; 2) a quantitative analysis of a survey of U.S.-based GBV service providers (N = 77); and 3) a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with U.S.-based GBV service providers (N = 11). Respondents spanned a range of organization types, populations served, and states. Results Twenty-one states enacted protections for GBV survivors and five states included explicit exemptions from non-essential business closures for GBV service providers. Through the surveys and interviews, GBV service providers note three major themes on COVID-19’s impact on GBV services: reductions in GBV service provision and quality and increased workload, shifts in service utilization, and funding impacts. Findings also indicate GBV inequities were exacerbated for historically underserved groups. Discussion The noted disruptions on GBV services from the COVID-19 pandemic overlaid long-term policy and funding limitations that left service providers unprepared for the challenges posed by the pandemic. Future policies, in emergency and non-emergency contexts, should recognize GBV as essential care and ensure comprehensive services for clients, particularly members of historically underserved groups.
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Wijegunasekara, JLHR, and KDP Wijesinghe. "Health Sector Interventions to address Gender Based Violence: in Sri Lanka." Journal of Medical Research 6, no. 5 (October 28, 2020): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2020.6515.
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Gender Based Violence (GBV) is a common form of violence globally and includes physical, sexual, emotional and economic violence. GBV has serious consequences for women’s health and well-being and takes a high national cost for the treatment and rehabilitation. Prevalence of GBV is usually underestimated. GBV is addressed globally using good practices in justice, health, education and multi- sector. Health sector is in a valuable position to support survivors and change social attitudes. Interventions taken in the health sector should be targeted at all three levels; primary prevention, secondary prevention and tertiary prevention. There are different models used in health care settings in different countries. “Mithuru Piyasa (in Sinhalese) / Natpu Nilayam (in Tamil)” which is staffed with a medical officer and a nursing officer was introduced in Sri Lanka as a “One Stop Crisis Centre/One Stop Service Centre” for survivors within the health institutions. Its main functions are screening, medical care, befriending services, risk assessment and safety planning, referral to legal, social, counseling and rehabilitation services, advocacy and community mobilization. Services are provided adhering to its guiding principles of safety, confidentiality, respect, non - discrimination, responsibility, competence and compassion. Documentation, Information management, progress review and evaluation are carried out for the sustainability of the service. Still this opportunity is not fully utilized. Service provision is not uniform in quality, coverage, equity, efficiency and effectiveness. Administrators are expected to develop their interest and pay their attention with priority, in supporting the functioning of these centres established under outpatient department by proper operation, expanding country wide and marketing.
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Merino, Gina Alvarado, Jennifer Mueller, Lila O’Brien-Milne, Khalida Ghaus, Nata Duvvury, and Stacey Scriver. "The Social Costs of Violence Against Women and Girls on Survivors, their Families and Communities in Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan 26, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46521/pjws.026.01.0013.
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Past research on gender-based violence (GBV) in Pakistan discusses intimate partner violence (IPV) and non-partner sexual violence (NPSV) but lacks a comprehensive analysis of violence against women and girls (VAWG) and its wider costs and impacts. Our study on the social costs of VAWG aims to fill this gap. Through in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) in rural and urban Pakistan, we explore the types of VAWG that manifest in communities and examine the negative impacts these have on survivors, their families and communities. Our findings reveal that, in addition to the mental health impacts of VAWG on survivors (such as anxiety and suicidal ideation exacerbated by stigma and isolation), a number of social and economic impacts are borne by survivors as well as their relatives and communities. Social norms and institutions that condone and reproduce gender inequity contribute to the acceptance and normalization of VAWG. Lack of service provision and shelter for survivors and social stigma around seeking help heightens the impacts faced by survivors, their families and their communities.
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Muyambo, Blessing, Judith Audrey Chamisa,, and Greanious Alfred Mavondo. "SAFETY OF WOMEN AND GIRLS AGAINST VIOLENCE AND SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN PUBLIC SPACES IN CHITUNGWIZA, HARARE, ZIMBABWE." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i02.006.
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Introduction: No one should be subjected to any form of violence publicly or privately. The level of Gender Based Violence (GBV) in Zimbabwe remains high and a barrier to women’s active participation in development. At least >68% of women in the Sothern African Development Community have experienced some form of GBV during their life time. The research aimed at promoting full recognition, realization and protection of the rights of women and girls against all forms of gender-based violence and threats, by advocating for women friendly and safe community environments. Methods: Simple random sampling was used to administer the questionnaires to women and girls, boys and men in the community. Cluster sampling by age and gender was employed first and followed by a random selection within the clusters for focus group participants. Purposive sampling was also used. Focus group discussions, key informant interviews, structured interviews and observation were utilised. Results: Women and girls experienced physical, sexual, psychological and verbal abuse violence in public spaces. Public spaces included bus termini/ ranks, aboard public transport, at market places, shopping centres, beer halls, at stadiums, in the streets and along bushy pathways in and around the communities. Female respondents were harassed without recourse although acutely aware of procedures of reporting cases of violence to the police. Most women experienced police stations as being far away. Normally, authorities did nothing to the perpetrators of domestic violence. Conclusion: Ensuring women and girls safety in public spaces was recommended as government priority area. Streetlights erection, provision of running water in homes, more public toilets construction, establishment of viable reporting mechanisms for violence and sexual harassment were needed. Women wanted law enforcers and local service providers trained on gender sensitivity and taking reported cases seriously. Guarantying the exercise of right freedom of movement, permitting women to carry out their activities without fear is needed.
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Glass, Nancy, Nancy Perrin, Mendy Marsh, Amber Clough, Amelie Desgroppes, Francesco Kaburu, Brendan Ross, and Sophie Read-Hamilton. "Effectiveness of the Communities Care programme on change in social norms associated with gender-based violence (GBV) with residents in intervention compared with control districts in Mogadishu, Somalia." BMJ Open 9, no. 3 (March 2019): e023819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023819.
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ObjectiveDetermine the effectiveness of the Communities Care programme (CCP) on change in harmful social norms associated with gender-based violence (GBV) and confidence in provision of services with residents in intervention compared with control district. We hypothesised that residents in the intervention district would report a decrease in support for harmful social norms and increase in confidence in services in comparison with control district.SettingThe study was conducted in Mogadishu, Somalia.ParticipantsIn the intervention district, 192 community members (50% women) completed baseline surveys with 163 (84.9%) retained at endline. In the control district, 195 community members (50% women) completed baseline surveys with 167 (85.6%) retained at endline.InterventionCCP uses facilitated dialogues with community members to catalyse GBV prevention actions and provides training to diverse sectors to strengthen response services for GBV survivors.ResultsResidents in the intervention district had significantly greater improvement in change in social norms: (1) response to sexual violence (b=−0.214, p=0.041); (2) protecting family honour (b=−0.558, p<0.001); and (3) husband’s right to use violence (b=−0.309, p=0.003) compared with control district participants. The greatest change was seen in the norm of ‘protecting family honour’ with a Cohen’s d effect size (ES) of 0.70, followed by the norm ‘husband’s right to use violence’ (ES=0.38), and then the norm of ‘response to sexual violence’ (ES=0.28). Residents in intervention district had a significantly greater increase in confidence in provision of GBV services across diverse sectors than the control district (b=0.318, p<0.001) with an associated effect size of 0.67. There were no significant differences between residents in intervention and control districts on change in personal beliefs on the norms.ConclusionThe evaluation showed the promise of CCP in changing harmful social norms associated with GBV and increasing confidence in provision of services in a complex humanitarian setting.
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Cai, Wenbo. "Identifying Ecosystem Services Bundles for Ecosystem Services Trade-Off/Synergy Governance in an Urbanizing Region." Land 11, no. 9 (September 16, 2022): 1593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091593.
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Ecosystem services (ES) are the contribution of ecosystem structure and function to human well-being, connecting natural and socio-economic systems. ES trade-off/synergy has been one of the critical issues in sustainable environmental governance for guiding and formulating environmental policies. However, science-to-practice framework for ecosystem services trade-off/synergy governance are still rare. This study presents a comprehensive framework for identifying and managing trade-off and synergy of ESs in an urbanizing region. Using Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA)—one of the fastest urbanizing regions in China—as a case, this study identified major ecosystem service bundles (ESBs) and applied the comprehensive framework to inform ES trade-off/synergy governance. The results showed that there were three stable ESBs in the GBA, and that ESB 1 (high grain production) and ESB 2 (high carbon sequestration) should be increased, and ESB 3 (all ES provision are low) should be increased. Moreover, there was large spatial–temporal change in ESBs in the central area of the GBA during 2000–2015 due to population and land urbanization. This study provides valuable information for sustainable land management and environmental governance in an urbanizing region.
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He, Yeyu, Yaoqiu Kuang, Yalan Zhao, and Zhu Ruan. "Spatial Correlation between Ecosystem Services and Human Disturbances: A Case Study of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area, China." Remote Sensing 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2021): 1174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13061174.
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Exploring the spatial relationship between ecosystem services (ES) and human disturbance intensity (HDI) is vital for maintaining regional ecological security. This study aims to explore the spatial correlation between ES and HDI in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) and provide meaningful implications for coastal ecological planning. Multi-source remote sensing data, remote sensing software, and geographic information system provided initial data and technical support for this research. We integrated four human pressures (population, land-use, traffic, and energy) to map the HDI in the GBA for 2018. Coastal ES were comprehensively considered and spatially visualized by extracting the ES sources. The geographically weighted Pearson correlation coefficient and bivariate local Moran were used to quantitatively reflect and spatially visualize the detailed relationship between ES and HDI. Our study presents several key findings. First, the central and southern parts of the GBA are under strong HDI, dominated by a dense population and intense land utilization. Second, the kernel density of ES sources can better manifest the spatial distribution of ES objectively in comparison to the traditional model calculation. Provisioning services mainly originate from the periphery of the central cities; cultural services are highly concentrated in the heartland of the GBA; and regulating and maintenance services have high density in the outermost regions. Third, ES and HDI have a significant correlation, and the geographically weighted Pearson correlation coefficient and local indicator of spatial association cluster maps illustrate that unlike the global findings, the local correlation is spatially nonstationary as the local scale is affected by specific human activities, natural conditions, regional development, and other local factors. Four, high-capacity regions of ES provision are mainly under high HDI. Areas with high provisioning service values are mainly affected by population and traffic pressure, whereas regulating and maintenance services and cultural services are mainly dominated by high-density populations. Regulating and maintenance services are also affected by land-use pressure. We determine that human disturbance has negative spillover effects on ES, which should be the focus in regional ecological planning.
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Agrawal, Sanjay, Zaheer Mangera, Rachael L. Murray, Freya Howle, and Matthew Evison. "Successes and Challenges of Implementing Tobacco Dependency Treatment in Health Care Institutions in England." Current Oncology 29, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 3738–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29050299.
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There is a significant body of evidence that delivering tobacco dependency treatment within acute care hospitals can deliver high rates of tobacco abstinence and substantial benefits for both patients and the healthcare system. This evidence has driven a renewed investment in the UK healthcare service to ensure all patients admitted to hospital are provided with evidence-based interventions during admission and after discharge. An early-implementer of this new wave of hospital-based tobacco dependency treatment services is “the CURE project” in Greater Manchester, a region in the North West of England. The CURE project strives to change the culture of a hospital system, to medicalise tobacco dependency and empower front-line hospital staff to deliver an admission bundle of care, including identification of patients that smoke, provision of very brief advice (VBA), protocolised prescription of pharmacotherapy, and opt-out referral to the specialist CURE practitioners. This specialist team provides expert treatment and behaviour change support during the hospital admission and can agree a support package after discharge, with either hospital-led or community-led follow-up. The programme has shown exceptional clinical effectiveness, with 22% of all smokers admitted to hospital abstinent from tobacco at 12 weeks, and exceptional cost-effectiveness with a public value return on investment ratio of GBP 30.49 per GBP 1 invested and a cost per QALY of GBP 487. There have been many challenges in implementing this service, underpinned by the system-wide culture change and ensuring the good communication and engagement of all stakeholders across the complex networks of the tobacco control and healthcare system. The delivery of hospital-based tobacco dependency services across all NHS acute care hospitals represents a substantial step forward in the fight against the tobacco epidemic.
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Lindvall, Kristina, John Kinsman, Atakelti Abraha, Abdirisak Dalmar, Mohamed Farah Abdullahi, Hagos Godefay, Lelekoitien Lerenten Thomas, et al. "Health Status and Health Care Needs of Drought-Related Migrants in the Horn of Africa—A Qualitative Investigation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 14, 2020): 5917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165917.
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Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia, situated in the Horn of Africa, are highly vulnerable to climate change, which manifests itself through increasing temperatures, erratic rains and prolonged droughts. Millions of people have to flee from droughts or floods either as cross-border refugees or as internally displaced persons (IDPs). The aim of this study was to identify knowledge status and gaps regarding public health consequences of large-scale displacement in these countries. After a scoping review, we conducted qualitative in-depth interviews during 2018 with 39 stakeholders from different disciplines and agencies in these three countries. A validation workshop was held with a selection of 13 interviewees and four project partners. Malnutrition and a lack of vaccination of displaced people are well-known challenges, while mental health problems and gender-based violence (GBV) are less visible to stakeholders. In particular, the needs of IDPs are not well understood. The treatment of mental health and GBV is insufficient, and IDPs have inadequate access to essential health services in refugee camps. Needs assessment and program evaluations with a patients’ perspective are either lacking or inadequate in most situations. The Horn of Africa is facing chronic food insecurity, poor population health and mass displacement. IDPs are an underserved group, and mental health services are lacking. A development approach is necessary that moves beyond emergency responses to the building of long-term resilience, the provision of livelihood support and protection to reduce displacement by droughts.
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Wu, Adela, Gabriela Ruiz Colon, Rebecca Aslakson, Erqi L. Pollom, and Chirag B. Patel. "Palliative care service utilization and advance care planning issues for adult glioblastoma patients: A systematic review." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 2036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.2036.
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2036 Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a devastating disease with a median survival under 2 years and a 10-year survival rate of 0.71%. As patients with GBM suffer simultaneously from both a terminal cancer and a neurodegenerative disease, proactive provision of advance care planning (ACP) and palliative care (PC) seem appropriate. We conducted a systematic review exploring the published literature on the prevalence of ACP, healthcare services utilization at the end of life (EOL, including PC services), and location of death among adults with GBM, and the experiences of their caregivers. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from database inception until 12/20/2020, using search terms including ‘glioblastoma’, ‘end of life’, ‘advance care planning’, and ‘advance directive’. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Inclusion criteria were quantitative and qualitative studies written in English of adults with GBM and their caregivers, with at least 20 subjects. Included studies were assessed for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: We screened 344 article abstracts and 39 full text articles to yield a final cohort of 16 articles that fit inclusion criteria. These studies reported the experiences of 10,706 GBM patients and 123 caregivers. All were nonrandomized studies conducted in six countries with all but two published in 2014 or later. Across studies, ACP documentation varied from 4-55%, PC referral was pursued in 39-40% of cases, and hospice referrals were made for 66-76% of adult GBM patients. Hospitalizations frequently occurred at the EOL, 20-56% of patients spent over 25% of their overall survival time hospitalized, and 39-64 % of deaths occurred in the home setting. Caregivers commonly reported restrictions on their ability to work (60%), financial barriers to care (29%), and feeling unprepared (29%). Conclusions: Despite having both a terminal disease and neurocognitive decline, a majority of adults with GBM do not pursue ACP or have access to PC. There is a dearth of focused and high-quality studies on ACP, PC, and hospice use among adults with GBM. Prospective studies that address these and additional aspects related to end-of-life care in this population, such as healthcare costs and inpatient supportive care needs, are needed.
Book chapters on the topic "Gbv service provision"
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Matzk, Sören, Chrysanthi Tsiasioti, Susann Behrendt, Kathrin Jürchott, and Antje Schwinger. "Pflegebedürftigkeit in Deutschland." In Pflege-Report 2020, 239–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61362-7_16.
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Zusammenfassung Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag liefert ein ausführliches Bild zum Stand der Pflegebedürftigkeit und der gesundheitlichen Versorgung der Pflegebedürftigen in Deutschland. Die Analysen basieren auf GKV-standardisierten AOK-Daten. Sie zeigen Prävalenz, Verläufe und Versorgungsformen der Pflege sowie Kennzahlen zur gesundheitlichen Versorgung der Pflegebedürftigen. Im Fokus stehen die Inanspruchnahme von ärztlichen und stationären Leistungen, Polymedikation und Verordnungen von PRISCUS-Wirkstoffen und Psychopharmaka. Die Ergebnisse werden der Versorgung der Nicht-Pflegebedürftigen gleichen Alters gegenübergestellt und differenziert nach Schwere der Pflegebedürftigkeit und Versorgungssetting ausgewiesen. The article provides empirical insights on the scope and state of long-term care services in Germany. This includes health service provision for persons in need of care. The article lays out key figures regarding the prevalence, pathways and forms of care based on standardised AOK statutory health insurance data. An additional focus lies on the use of out- and inpatient health care services as well as on polypharmacy and prescriptions of PRISCUS medication and psychotropic drugs. Findings are contrasted with data on members of the same age group who are not in need of care and discussed in relation to the severity of the need of care and the care provision setting.
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Anitha, Sundari, and Ruth Lewis. "Introduction: some reflections in these promising and challenging times." In Gender Based Violence in University Communities, 1–20. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447336570.003.0001.
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This introduction discusses the context and contours of some of the recent and emerging debates on gender based violence (GBV) in university communities. It begins by defining GBV as ‘behaviour or attitudes underpinned by inequitable power relations that hurt, threaten or undermine people because of their (perceived) gender or sexuality’. GBV encompasses a continuum of behaviours and attitudes such as domestic violence, sexual violence, and expressions on social media which normalise sexism and sexual objectification. This introduction explains the nature of the problem associated with GBV, how to understand and respond to the possibilities and challenges that it presents, and how gender as a lens is increasingly becoming obscured when considering the causes and consequences of GBV. It also argues that we need to rethink the punitive responses, service provision and prevention education used to address GBV in universities. Finally, it provides an overview of the chapters that follow.
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Burman, Michele, Kathryn Dawson, Lauren McDougall, Karen Morton, and Fatemeh Nokhbatolfoghahai. "Building Authentic Partnerships for Responding to Gender-Based Violence in Universities." In Collaborating for Change, 173–99. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190071820.003.0008.
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This chapter critically discusses the importance of coalition-building in challenging gender-based violence (GBV) in universities and for laying the groundwork to facilitate and support cultural transformation in the complex and risk-averse environment of higher education. Drawing on the example of a cross-institutional, multipartner coalition initiated by student organizations in collaboration with security, service, and academic staff in two Scottish universities, local service providers, and police, this chapter critically discusses the tensions encountered and challenges posed in creating a “whole-university” approach to preventing and responding to GBV. In so doing, it highlights the centrality of student leadership for developing an informed response and driving forward meaningful change and the importance of internal/external partnerships for prevention work, root and branch reform of university policies and practices, the provision of training and awareness-raising, and the delivery of a thorough institutionalized response to tackling GBV.
Conference papers on the topic "Gbv service provision"
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Gui, Lele, Tong Xu, Yonghui Sun, and Xuexin Shang. "Toughness Requirement of Chinese Pressure Vessel Steel 07MnNiMoDR Based on Fracture Mechanics Assessment Method." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84228.
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07MnNiMoDR is a widely used quenched and tempered high strength steel in fabrication of low-temperature pressure vessels in China. It can be used at/above −50°C according to the current design specification of GB 150. Some data show that this provision severely underestimates the performance of this material at low temperature, while others indicate that it overestimates the cryogenic performance of this material. In the paper, a series of tests including uniaxial tension tests, impact test and fracture toughness tests were carried out at low temperature to investigate the properties of 07MnNiMoDR with different thickness specimens. Fracture mechanics assessment procedures in API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 (Fitness-For-Service) is adopted to evaluate the low temperature design curve of 07MnNiMoDR, and the fracture toughness is obtained by master curve method (MC method) in the transition region. The results show that 07MnNiMoDR can be classified between exemption curve B and D in current edition of ASME Section VIII, Division 2.