Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gases (Rare)

Academic literature on the topic 'Gases (Rare)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 24 January 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Gases (Rare).'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Gases (Rare)"

1

Talebpour, A., C.-Y. Chien, and S. L. Chin. "Population trapping in rare gases." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 29, no. 23 (December 14, 1996): 5725–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/29/23/015.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Lee, Typhoon. "Gases make a rare appearance." Nature 412, no. 6849 (August 2001): 781–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35090680.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Nath, K., H. J. Kreuzer, and Alfred B. Anderson. "Field adsorption of rare gases." Surface Science Letters 176, no. 1-2 (October 1986): A552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(86)91052-2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Bilgram, J. H., and E. Hürlimann. "Dendritic solidification of rare gases." Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials 26 (January 1993): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8974(93)90010-2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Nath, K., H. J. Kreuzer, and Alfred B. Anderson. "Field adsorption of rare gases." Surface Science 176, no. 1-2 (October 1986): 261–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(86)90175-5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Poreda, R. J., and K. A. Farley. "Rare gases in Samoan xenoliths." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 113, no. 1-2 (September 1992): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821x(92)90215-h.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Boĭchenko, A. M., Viktor F. Tarasenko, E. A. Fomin, and Sergei I. Yakovlenko. "Broadband emission continua in rare gases and in mixtures of rare gases with halides." Quantum Electronics 23, no. 1 (January 31, 1993): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe1993v023n01abeh002929.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Smirnov, B. M. "Phase States of Condensed Rare Gases." Physica Scripta 58, no. 6 (December 1, 1998): 595–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/58/6/008.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Barker, J. A. "Many-body interactions in rare gases." Molecular Physics 57, no. 4 (March 1986): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268978600100541.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Kokubun, Kiyohide, Shingo Ichimura, Hiroko Hashizume, Hazime Shimizu, Yoshiro Oowadano, Yuji Matsumoto, and Kazuhiro Endo. "Nonresonant multiphoton ionization of rare gases." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 8, no. 4 (July 1990): 3310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.576584.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gases (Rare)"

1

Cunje, Alwin. "Noble gases and catalysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0012/NQ59125.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

McLaughlin, J. G. "Chemistry in liquid noble gases." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356030.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Cryan, James. "A coincidence study of strong field ionization of rare gases." Connect to resource, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/25085.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2007.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 27 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 27). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Morris, Gerald D. "Epithermal muons from solid rare-gas moderators." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29891.

Full text
Abstract:
Emission of positive muons (μ⁺) of low kinetic energy, with yield peaked at 5 to 20 electron volts and slowly decreasing to higher energy, has been observed by moderating a muon beam (p~28MeV/c, Δp/p~4%) with solid argon, krypton and xenon moderators. Emission at these energies is consistent with the muons escaping the target material still carrying part of their initial kinetic energy. The underlying cause of this enhancement of low energy positive muons is not determined. Variation of charge-exchange, elastic or inelastic collision cross sections with energy, resulting in an increased charged fraction or greater mean free path for muons at these energies, are possible causes.
Science, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
Title page of the thesis missing.
Graduate
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Leung, Ki Y. "Electron mobilities in binary rare gas mixtures." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29339.

Full text
Abstract:
This thesis presents a detailed study of the composition dependence of the thermal and transient mobility of electrons in binary rare gas mixtures. The time independent electron real mobility in binary inert gas mixtures is calculated versus mole fraction for different electric field strengths. The deviations from the linear variation of the reciprocal of the mobility of the mixture with mole fraction, that is from Blanc's law, is determined and explained in detail. Very large deviations from the linear behavior were calculated for several binary mixtures at specific electric strengths, in particular for He-Xe mixtures. An interesting effect was observed whereby the electron mobility in He-Xe mixtures, for particular compositions and electron field strength could be greater than in pure He or less than in pure Xe. The time dependent electron real mobility and the corresponding relaxation time, in particular for He-Ar and He-Ne mixtures are reported for a wide range of concentrations, field strengths (d.c. electric field), and frequencies (microwave electric field). For a He-Ar mixture, the time dependent electron mobility is strongly influenced by the Ramsauer-Townsend minimum and leads to the occurrence of an overshoot and a negative mobility in the transient mobility. For He-Ne, a mixture without the Ramsauer-Townsend minimum, the transient mobility increases monotonically towards the thermal value. The energy thermal relaxation times 1/Pτ for He-Ne, and Ne-Xe mixtures are calculated so as to find out the validity of the linear relationship between the 1/Pτ of the mixture and mole fraction. A Quadrature Discretization Method of solution of the time dependent Boltzmann-Fokker-Planck equation for electrons in binary inert gas mixture is employed in the study of the time dependent electron real mobility. The solution of the Fokker-Planck equation is based on the expansion of the solution in the eigenfunctions of the Fokker-Planck operator.
Science, Faculty of
Chemistry, Department of
Graduate
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Hilton, D. R. "A study of hydrothermal systems using rare gas isotopes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377843.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Carman, R. J. "DC glow discharge electron guns for the excitation of rare gases." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14165.

Full text
Abstract:
Glow discharge electron guns are used to generate continuous electron beams at 0.5keV-3.0keV in the intermediate range of gas pressures (0.1mb-10.0mb). Cathodes incorporating internal cavities are used to generate distinct electron beam filaments in both Helium and Argon. The formation of such beam filaments has been investigated using a number of different cathode types, and criteria for the production of stable electron beams are established. The production of an electron beam in a glow discharge is largely determined by the motion of electrons in the Cathode dark space sheath region next to the cathode, and other discharge processes in this region. A theoretical model has been developed to simulate electron motion in the sheath region, and in the Negative glow plasma region, of a Helium discharge with a Cathode fall of between 150V and 1000V. It is shown that the electron flux at the 'sheath/Negative glow boundary becomes increasingly monoenergetic as the Cathode fall rises to 1000V. The results are also compared with experimental spatial emission profiles of the glow in the Cathode dark space and Negative glow regions of a helium discharge. In particular, properties of the Cathode glow region in the sheath are discussed. Aspects of the theoretical model and results from the experimental measurements are also used to discuss discharge processes in the sheath region of cathodes incorporating internal cavities, and mechanisms leading to the formation of the electron beam filaments. The production of fast electrons in a glow discharge has a number of applications, including the excitation of gases leading to laser action. Aspects relating to the excitation of high lying energy states in gases, corresponding to known laser transitions, are discussed. It is shown that the production of helium ions, which are responsible for the excitation of metal atoms via asymmetric charge transfer in metal ion lasers, is theoretically more efficient in an electron beam discharge. The results are compared with the theoretical ion production rates in Hollow cathode discharges, and high-voltage Hollow cathode devices. Several electrode geometries using multiple arrays of electron gun cathodes have been developed. Investigations of an electron beam excited argon plasma suggest that Ar II excited states are pumped directly by single electron impacts, even at very low current densities (~10-3 A cm-2). From previous calculations using the 'sudden perturbation' approximation, those ion states known to have large cross-sections for direct electron impact excitation (3p44p2P) appear to be favourably pumped in the electron beam plasma.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Broadhurst, Catherine Leigh. "Solubility and partitioning of noble gases in anorthite, diopside, forsterite, spinel, and synthetic basaltic melts: Implications for the origin and evolution of terrestrial planet atmospheres." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184935.

Full text
Abstract:
The noble gas abundances and isotopic ratios of the terrestrial planets differ from each other and from the average of chondritic meteorites. These different abundance patterns result from primordial heterogeneities or different degassing histories. Magmatic transport is the only degassing mechanism that can be demonstrated to occur on Venus, Earth, and Mars, and is presently the dominant form of volatile transport to a planet's free surface. An alternative technique was developed to determine the partitioning and solubility of noble gases in mineral/melt systems. Natural end member minerals and synthetic melts known to be in equilibrium were held in separate crucibles in a one bar flowing noble gas atmosphere. Experiments were run 7-18 days at 1300 or 1332°C, in 99.95% Ar or a Ne-Ar-Kr-Xe mix. Gas concentrations were measured by mass spectrometry. The solubility of noble gases in minerals was surprisingly high, and individual samples of a particular mineral composition are distinct in their behavior. The data is consistent with lattice vacancy defect siting. Noble gas solubility in the minerals increases with increasing atomic number; this may be related to polarizability. Noble gas solubilities in melts decrease with increasing atomic number. Solubility is directly proportional to melt molar volume; values overlap the lower end of the range defined for natural basalts. The lower solubilities are related to the higher MgO and CaO concentrations and lower degree of polymerization and Fe³⁺ concentration in synthetic vs. natural melts. Partition coefficient patterns show a clear trend of increasing compatibility with increasing noble gas atomic number, but many individual values are > 1. Calculations show that the terrestrial planet atmospheres cannot have formed from partial melting of a common chondritic source. When results are examined with isotopic constraints and MOR and hot-spot activities, there is no compelling evidence that the Earth is substantially outgassed of its primordial or even its radiogenic volatiles. If volcanic degassing was mostly responsible for the atmospheres, then initial volatile abundances were Mars < Earth < Venus. Alternatively, roughly equal abundances could have been modified by catastrophic processes.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Harmer, Muffin Louise Blakeney. "A dynamic model for calculating the uptake of an inhaled noble gas." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21774.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Jun, Byung Soon. "Measurement of thermal accommodation coefficients of inert gas mixtures on a surface of stainless steel /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025627.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Gases (Rare)"

1

Much ado about (practically) nothing: A history of the noble gases. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

1943-, Koch Ernst-Eckhard, and Jortner Joshua, eds. Electronic excitations in condensed rare gases. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Furgang, Adam. The noble gases. New York: Rosen Central, 2010.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Ozima, Minoru. Noble gas geochemistry. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

A, Podosek Frank, ed. Noble gas geochemistry. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Donald, Porcelli, Ballentine Chris J, and Wieler Rainer, eds. Noble gases in geochemistry and cosmochemistry. [Columbus, Ohio]: Geochemical Society, 2002.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Halka, Monica. Halogens and noble gases. New York, NY: Facts on File, 2010.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Hood, Eda Maria. Characterization of air-sea gas exchange processes and dissolved gas/ice interactions using noble gases. Woods Hole, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Hood, Eda Maria. Characterization of air-sea gas exchange processes and dissolved gas/ice interactions using noble gases. Woods Hole, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Sloto, Ronald A. Radon in the ground water of Chester County, Pennsylvania. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Gases (Rare)"

1

Song, K. S., and Richard T. Williams. "Condensed Rare Gases." In Self-Trapped Excitons, 66–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85236-7_3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Song, K. S., and Richard T. Williams. "Condensed Rare Gases." In Self-Trapped Excitons, 66–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97432-8_3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Shrimpton, Neil D., Milton W. Cole, William A. Steele, and Moses H. W. Chan. "Rare Gases on Graphite." In Physics and Chemistry of Materials with Low-Dimensional Structures, 219–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2684-7_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Bilgram, J. H., and E. Hürlimann. "Dendritic Solidification of Rare Gases." In Growth and Form, 57–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1357-1_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ueta, Masayasu, Hiroshi Kanzaki, Koichi Kobayashi, Yutaka Toyozawa, and Eiichi Hanamura. "Excitons in Condensed Rare Gases." In Excitonic Processes in Solids, 285–308. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82602-3_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Herwig, K. W., and R. O. Simmons. "Hydrogen and Hydrogen Impurities in Rare Gases." In Momentum Distributions, 203–12. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2554-1_13.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Ribitzki, G., A. Ulrich, B. Busch, W. Krötz, R. Miller, and J. Wieser. "Heavy ion beam excitation of rare gases." In Atomic Physics of Highly Charged Ions, 169–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76658-9_38.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Waldeer, K. T., and H. M. Urbassek. "Cascade Evolution and Sputtering in Condensed Rare Gases." In Interaction of Charged Particles with Solids and Surfaces, 657–63. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8026-9_40.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Nieminen, R. M. "Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Rare Gases in Metals: Interactions." In Fundamental Aspects of Inert Gases in Solids, 17–25. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3680-6_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lompré, L. A., A. L'Huillier, and G. Mainfray. "Harmonic generation in rare gases at high laser intensity." In Lecture Notes in Physics, 67–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-51430-9_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Gases (Rare)"

1

Pang, Xuexia. "Photo-ionization rate coefficients for the rare gases." In Photonics Asia 2004, edited by Guoguang Mu, Francis T. S. Yu, and Suganda Jutamulia. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.570843.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

DiMauro, Louis. "Strong-field double ionization of rare gases." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2004.ftua2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Schrimpf, A. "Excitonic relaxation processes in solid rare gases." In Excitonic Processes in Condensed Matter: International Conference, edited by Jai Singh. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.200992.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

HATANO, YOSHIHIKO. "ELECTRON-ION RECOMBINATION IN LIQUID RARE GASES." In Proceedings of the International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812705075_0009.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Boichenko, A. M., Victor F. Tarasenko, and Sergey I. Yakovlenko. "Nature of third continua in rare gases." In International Conference on Atomic and Molecular Pulsed Lasers III, edited by Victor F. Tarasenko, Georgy V. Mayer, and Gueorgii G. Petrash. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.383464.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Katsonis, K. "Rare Gases Transition Probabilities for Plasma Diagnostics." In PLASMA 2005: Int. Conf. on Research and Applications of Plasmas; 3rd German-Polish Conf.on Plasma Diagnostics for Fusion and Applications; 5th French-Polish Seminar on Thermal Plasma in Space and Laboratory. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2168874.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Porcelli, D., and G. J. Wasserburg. "A unified model for terrestrial rare gases." In Volatiles in the Earth and solar system. AIP, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.48750.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

KILLEEN, K. P., and J. G. EDEN. "Transient absorption spectra of electron-beam-pumped rare gases." In Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo.1985.thw4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Ichimura, Kenji. "Chemical interaction of rare gases in solid carbon nanotubes." In NANONETWORK MATERIALS: Fullerenes, Nanotubes, and Related Systems. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1420096.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

HITACHI, AKIRA. "LIQUID RARE GASES AND INORGANIC SCINTILLATORS FOR WIMP SEARCHES." In Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812770288_0047.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Gases (Rare)"

1

Budil, Kimberly Susan. High order harmonic generation in rare gases. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/79020.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Battaglia, Franco, Young S. Kim, and Thomas F. George. Heat Capacities of Rare Gases Adsorbed on Graphite. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada173630.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Cooper, R., and M. C. ,. Jr Sauer. Sub-excitation electron interactions in rare gases: I, Evidence for the time evolution of the sub-excitation spectrum. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6397543.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Scholz, Florian. Sedimentary fluxes of trace metals, radioisotopes and greenhouse gases in the southwestern Baltic Sea Cruise No. AL543, 23.08.2020 – 28.08.2020, Kiel – Kiel - SEDITRACE. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al543.

Full text
Abstract:
R/V Alkor Cruise AL543 was planned as a six-day cruise with a program of water column and sediment sampling in Kiel Bight and the western Baltic Sea. Due to restrictions related to the Covid-19 pandemic, the original plan had to be changed and the cruise was realized as six oneday cruises with sampling in Kiel Bight exclusively. The first day was dedicated to water column and sediment sampling for radionuclide analyses at Boknis Eck and Mittelgrund in Eckernförde Bay. On the remaining five days, water column, bottom water, sediment and pore water samples were collected at eleven stations covering different types of seafloor environment (grain size, redox conditions) in western Kiel Bight. The data and samples obtained on cruise AL543 will be used to investigate (i) the sedimentary cycling of bio-essential metals (e.g., nickel, zinc, and their isotopes) as a function of variable redox conditions, (ii) the impact of submarine groundwater discharge and diffusive benthic fluxes on the distribution of radium and radon as well as greenhouse gases (methane and nitrous oxide) in the water column, and (iii) to characterize and quantify the impact of coastal erosion on sedimentary iron, phosphorus and rare earth element cycling in Kiel Bight.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Blanchard, Olivier Jean, and Philippe Weil. Dynamic Efficiency, the Riskless Rate, and Debt Ponzi Games Under Uncertainty. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3992.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Delwiche, Michael, Boaz Zion, Robert BonDurant, Judith Rishpon, Ephraim Maltz, and Miriam Rosenberg. Biosensors for On-Line Measurement of Reproductive Hormones and Milk Proteins to Improve Dairy Herd Management. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7573998.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
The original objectives of this research project were to: (1) develop immunoassays, photometric sensors, and electrochemical sensors for real-time measurement of progesterone and estradiol in milk, (2) develop biosensors for measurement of caseins in milk, and (3) integrate and adapt these sensor technologies to create an automated electronic sensing system for operation in dairy parlors during milking. The overall direction of research was not changed, although the work was expanded to include other milk components such as urea and lactose. A second generation biosensor for on-line measurement of bovine progesterone was designed and tested. Anti-progesterone antibody was coated on small disks of nitrocellulose membrane, which were inserted in the reaction chamber prior to testing, and a real-time assay was developed. The biosensor was designed using micropumps and valves under computer control, and assayed fluid volumes on the order of 1 ml. An automated sampler was designed to draw a test volume of milk from the long milk tube using a 4-way pinch valve. The system could execute a measurement cycle in about 10 min. Progesterone could be measured at concentrations low enough to distinguish luteal-phase from follicular-phase cows. The potential of the sensor to detect actual ovulatory events was compared with standard methods of estrus detection, including human observation and an activity monitor. The biosensor correctly identified all ovulatory events during its testperiod, but the variability at low progesterone concentrations triggered some false positives. Direct on-line measurement and intelligent interpretation of reproductive hormone profiles offers the potential for substantial improvement in reproductive management. A simple potentiometric method for measurement of milk protein was developed and tested. The method was based on the fact that proteins bind iodine. When proteins are added to a solution of the redox couple iodine/iodide (I-I2), the concentration of free iodine is changed and, as a consequence, the potential between two electrodes immersed in the solution is changed. The method worked well with analytical casein solutions and accurately measured concentrations of analytical caseins added to fresh milk. When tested with actual milk samples, the correlation between the sensor readings and the reference lab results (of both total proteins and casein content) was inferior to that of analytical casein. A number of different technologies were explored for the analysis of milk urea, and a manometric technique was selected for the final design. In the new sensor, urea in the sample was hydrolyzed to ammonium and carbonate by the enzyme urease, and subsequent shaking of the sample with citric acid in a sealed cell allowed urea to be estimated as a change in partial pressure of carbon dioxide. The pressure change in the cell was measured with a miniature piezoresistive pressure sensor, and effects of background dissolved gases and vapor pressures were corrected for by repeating the measurement of pressure developed in the sample without the addition of urease. Results were accurate in the physiological range of milk, the assay was faster than the typical milking period, and no toxic reagents were required. A sampling device was designed and built to passively draw milk from the long milk tube in the parlor. An electrochemical sensor for lactose was developed starting with a three-cascaded-enzyme sensor, evolving into two enzymes and CO2[Fe (CN)6] as a mediator, and then into a microflow injection system using poly-osmium modified screen-printed electrodes. The sensor was designed to serve multiple milking positions, using a manifold valve, a sampling valve, and two pumps. Disposable screen-printed electrodes with enzymatic membranes were used. The sensor was optimized for electrode coating components, flow rate, pH, and sample size, and the results correlated well (r2= 0.967) with known lactose concentrations.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Lahav, Ori, Albert Heber, and David Broday. Elimination of emissions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide from confined animal and feeding operations (CAFO) using an adsorption/liquid-redox process with biological regeneration. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695589.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
The project was originally aimed at investigating and developing new efficient methods for cost effective removal of ammonia (NH₃) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) from Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO), in particular broiler and laying houses (NH₃) and hog houses (H₂S). In both cases, the principal idea was to design and operate a dedicated air collection system that would be used for the treatment of the gases, and that would work independently from the general ventilation system. The advantages envisaged: (1) if collected at a point close to the source of generation, pollutants would arrive at the treatment system at higher concentrations; (2) the air in the vicinity of the animals would be cleaner, a fact that would promote animal growth rates; and (3) collection efficiency would be improved and adverse environmental impact reduced. For practical reasons, the project was divided in two: one effort concentrated on NH₃₍g₎ removal from chicken houses and another on H₂S₍g₎ removal from hog houses. NH₃₍g₎ removal: a novel approach was developed to reduce ammonia emissions from CAFOs in general, and poultry houses in particular. Air sucked by the dedicated air capturing system from close to the litter was shown to have NH₃₍g₎ concentrations an order of magnitude higher than at the vents of the ventilation system. The NH₃₍g₎ rich waste air was conveyed to an acidic (0<pH<~5) bubble column reactor where NH₃ was converted to NH₄⁺. The reactor operated in batch mode, starting at pH 0 and was switched to a new acidic absorption solution just before NH₃₍g₎ breakthrough occurred, at pH ~5. Experiments with a wide range of NH₃₍g₎ concentrations showed that the absorption efficiency was practically 100% throughout the process as long as the face velocity was below 4 cm/s. The potential advantages of the method include high absorption efficiency, lower NH₃₍g₎ concentrations in the vicinity of the birds, generation of a valuable product and the separation between the ventilation and ammonia treatment systems. A small scale pilot operation conducted for 5 weeks in a broiler house showed the approach to be technically feasible. H₂S₍g₎ removal: The main goal of this part was to develop a specific treatment process for minimizing H₂S₍g₎ emissions from hog houses. The proposed process consists of three units: In the 1ˢᵗ H₂S₍g₎ is absorbed into an acidic (pH<2) ferric iron solution and oxidized by Fe(III) to S⁰ in a bubble column reactor. In parallel, Fe(III) is reduced to Fe(II). In the 2ⁿᵈ unit Fe(II) is bio-oxidized back to Fe(III) by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (AF).In the 3ʳᵈ unit S⁰ is separated from solution in a gravity settler. The work focused on three sub-processes: the kinetics of H₂S absorption into a ferric solution at low pH, the kinetics of Fe²⁺ oxidation by AF and the factors that affect ferric iron precipitation (a main obstacle for a continuous operation of the process) under the operational conditions. H₂S removal efficiency was found higher at a higher Fe(III) concentration and also higher for higher H₂S₍g₎ concentrations and lower flow rates of the treated air. The rate limiting step of the H₂S reactive absorption was found to be the chemical reaction rather than the transition from gas to liquid phase. H₂S₍g₎ removal efficiency of >95% was recorded with Fe(III) concentration of 9 g/L using typical AFO air compositions. The 2ⁿᵈ part of the work focused on kinetics of Fe(II) oxidation by AF. A new lab technique was developed for determining the kinetic equation and kinetic parameters (KS, Kₚ and mₘₐₓ) for the bacteria. The 3ʳᵈ part focused on iron oxide precipitation under the operational conditions. It was found that at lower pH (1.5) jarosite accumulation is slower and that the performance of the AF at this pH was sufficient for successive operation of the proposed process at the H₂S fluxes predicted from AFOs. A laboratory-scale test was carried out at Purdue University on the use of the integrated system for simultaneous hydrogen sulfide removal from a H₂S bubble column filled with ferric sulfate solution and biological regeneration of ferric ions in a packed column immobilized with enriched AFbacteria. Results demonstrated the technical feasibility of the integrated system for H₂S removal and simultaneous biological regeneration of Fe(III) for potential continuous treatment of H₂S released from CAFO. NH₃ and H₂S gradient measurements at egg layer and swine barns were conducted in winter and summer at Purdue. Results showed high potential to concentrate NH₃ and H₂S in hog buildings, and NH₃ in layer houses. H₂S emissions from layer houses were too low for a significant gradient. An NH₃ capturing system was designed and tested in a 100-chicken broiler room. Five bell-type collecting devices were installed over the litter to collect NH₃ emissions. While the air extraction system moved only 10% of the total room ventilation airflow rate, the fraction of total ammonia removed was 18%, because of the higher concentration air taken from near the litter. The system demonstrated the potential to reduce emissions from broiler facilities and to concentrate the NH₃ effluent for use in an emission control system. In summary, the project laid a solid foundation for the implementation of both processes, and also resulted in a significant scientific contribution related to AF kinetic studies and ferrous analytical measurements.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Isotopic studies of rare gases in terrestrial samples and natural nucleosynthesis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6160941.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Isotopic studies of rare gases in terrestrial samples and natural nucleosynthesis. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10102299.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Microbes and Climate Change - Science, People & Impacts. American Society for Microbiology, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aamcol.nov.2021.

Full text
Abstract:
Climate change is unarguably a critical existential threat to humanity in the 21st century. As the most abundant organisms on Earth, microorganisms make considerable contributions to and are greatly affected by a changing climate. Microbes are major drivers of elemental cycles (such are carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus), important producers and consumers of greenhouse gases, and pertinent pathogens of humans, animals and plants. While the threat of climate change looms large, conversations about the relationship between it and microorganisms are still rare outside of the microbial sciences community. To understand fully how our climate may change in the future, it is important to learn how a changing climate will impact microbes and their relationships with humans and their environment, as well as incorporate microbial processes into climate models. This report is based on the deliberations of experts who participated in a colloquium on Nov. 5, 2021 organized by the American Academy of Microbiology, the honorific leadership group and think tank within the American Society for Microbiology. These experts came from diverse disciplines and sectors and provided multifaceted perspectives and insights. Over the course of the discussion, the group made several major recommendations for academic, policy, and market partners to drive innovation for microbe-driven climate change solutions that support human well-being.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Gases (Rare)' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography