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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gas viscosity measurement

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Academic literature on the topic 'Gas viscosity measurement'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gas viscosity measurement"

1

Perez, M., L. Salvo, M. Suéry, Y. Bréchet, and M. Papoular. "Contactless viscosity measurement by oscillations of gas-levitated drops." Physical Review E 61, no. 3 (March 1, 2000): 2669–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.61.2669.

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Yoshimura, Kosuke, Temujin Uehara, Kan'ei Shinzato, Tatsuya Hisatsugu, Naoya Sakoda, Masamichi Kohno, and Yasuyuki Takata. "Development of Gas Viscosity Measurement System with Vibrating Wire Method." Netsu Bussei 28, no. 1 (2015): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2963/jjtp.28.15.

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Perez, M., J. C. Barbé, C. Patroix, Y. Bréchet, L. Salvo, M. Suéry, and M. Papoular. "Contactless viscosity measurement by a gas film levitated droplet technique." Matériaux & Techniques 88, no. 9-10 (2000): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/200088090019.

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KOBAYASHI, Yohei, Akira KUROKAWA, and Masaru HIRATA. "Viscosity Measurement of Hydrogen-Methane Mixed Gas for Future Energy Systems." Journal of Thermal Science and Technology 2, no. 2 (2007): 236–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jtst.2.236.

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Sahu, Abhishek, and Saurabh Kumar. "Alternative Method for Measurement of Apparent Viscosity of Gas Solid Fluidized Bed." Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 8, no. 3 (2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-581x.2017.00028.9.

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Shimokawa, Y., Y. Matsuura, T. Hirano, and K. Sakai. "Gas viscosity measurement with diamagnetic-levitation viscometer based on electromagnetically spinning system." Review of Scientific Instruments 87, no. 12 (December 2016): 125105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4968026.

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Yusibani, E., P. L. Woodfield, K. Shinzato, Y. Takata, and M. Kohno. "A compact curved vibrating wire technique for measurement of hydrogen gas viscosity." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 47 (May 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2012.11.008.

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Stanimirovic, Andrej, Emila Zivkovic, Divna Majstorovic, and Mirjana Kijevcanin. "Transport properties of binary liquid mixtures - candidate solvents for optimized flue gas cleaning processes." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 81, no. 12 (2016): 1427–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc160623083s.

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Thermal conductivities and viscosities of three pure chemicals, monoethanol amine (MEA), tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) and polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) and two binary mixtures (MEA + + TEGDME and MEA + PEG 200) were measured at six temperatures: 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, 318.15 and 323.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Measurement of thermal conductivities was based on a transient hot wire measurement setup, while viscosities were measured with a digital Stabinger SVM 3000/G2 viscometer. From these data, deviations in thermal conductivity and viscosity were calculated and fitted to the Redlich-Kister equation. Thermal conductivities of mixtures were correlated using Filippov, Jamieson, Baroncini and Rowley models, while viscosity data were correlated with the Eyring-UNIQUAC, Eyring-NRTL and McAlistermodels.

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Xie, Wei-Qi, and Xin-Sheng Chai. "Measurement of Viscosity in Polymer Solutions by a Tracer-based Gas Chromatographic Technique." Chemistry Letters 46, no. 8 (August 5, 2017): 1161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.170320.

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Baba, Archibong-Eso, Aliyu, Ribeiro, Lao, and Yeung. "Slug Translational Velocity for Highly Viscous Oil and Gas Flows in Horizontal Pipes." Fluids 4, no. 3 (September 12, 2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids4030170.

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Slug translational velocity, described as the velocity of slug units, is the summation of the maximum mixture velocity in the slug body and the drift velocity. Existing prediction models in literature were developed based on observation from low viscosity liquids, neglecting the effects of fluid properties (i.e., viscosity). However, slug translational velocity is expected to be affected by the fluid viscosity. Here, we investigate the influence of high liquid viscosity on slug translational velocity in a horizontal pipeline of 76.2-mm internal diameter. Air and mineral oil with viscosities within the range of 1.0–5.5 Pa·s were used in this investigation. Measurement was by means of a pair of gamma densitometer with fast sampling frequencies (up to 250 Hz). The results obtained show that slug translational velocity increases with increase in liquid viscosity. Existing slug translational velocity prediction models in literature were assessed based on the present high viscosity data for which statistical analysis revealed discrepancies. In view of this, a new empirical correlation for the calculation of slug translational velocity in highly viscous two-phase flow is proposed. A comparison study and validation of the new correlation showed an improved prediction performance.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gas viscosity measurement"

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Hunter, Ian Norman. "The viscosity of gaseous mixtures." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253386.

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Bentz, Julie A. "Measurements of viscosity, velocity slip coefficients and tangential momentum accommodation coefficients for gas mixtures using a spinning rotor gauge /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9946244.

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Humberg, Kai [Verfasser], Roland [Gutachter] Span, and Markus [Gutachter] Richter. "Viscosity measurements of binary gas mixtures and analysis of approaches for the modeling of mixture viscosities / Kai Humberg ; Gutachter: Roland Span, Markus Richter ; Fakultät für Maschinenbau." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223176126/34.

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Dias, Rosana Maria Alves. "Micro-g MEMS accelerometer based on time measurement." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/24893.

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Programa Doutoral em Engenharia Electrónica e de Computadores
The MEMS sensor market has experienced an amazing growth on the last decades, with accelerometers being one of the pioneers pushing the technology into widespread use with its applications on automotive industry. Since then, accelerometers have been gradually replacing conventional sensors due mainly to its lower cost. As the performance of MEMS accelerometers improves, the applications range where they replace conventional accelerometers increases. Nowadays, there is still a large range of applications for which suitable MEMS accelerometers are yet to be developed. This work focuses on the development of a high performance accelerometer taking advantage of the high sensitivity of a non-linear phenomenon that occurs in electrostatically actuated movable capacitive microdevices: electrostatic pull-in. Although the pull-in effect has been known for more than 40 years, it is usually avoided when dealing with movable microstructures as it leads to a region of instability, where the position of movable parts cannot be fully controlled. In the last decade, the pull-in displacement profile of 1-DOF parallel-plates devices has been the subject of research that revealed the presence of a so-called meta-stability. This meta-stability occurs in specific damping and voltage actuation conditions and translates as a non-linear displacement profile, rather than simple time-of-flight. This feature makes the pull-in time duration significantly longer, and it happens to be extremely sensitive to intervenient forces, such as external acceleration. Basically, measuring the pull-in time of specifically designed microstructures (while maintaining the other parameters constant) allows the measurement of the external acceleration that acts on the system. Using a pull-in time measurement rather than direct capacitance/displacement/acceleration transduction presents several advantages. The most important is the fact that time can be measured very accurately with technology readily available. For instance, if one uses a 100MHz clock on the time counting mechanism, which corresponds to a time measurement resolution of 100 ns, given the 0.26 μs/μg sensitivity of the accelerometer developed in this work, an acceleration resolution of 0.38 μg could be achieved. One of the main challenges of the time based accelerometer development is the damper design, as damping is of outmost importance in defining the accelerometer performance parameters, namely sensitivity and noise. A new squeeze-film damper geometry design has been presented and studied. It consists of flow channels implemented on the parallel-plates that relieve the squeeze-film damping pressures generated when the device is moving. This geometry has proved to be very effective in increasing the capacitance/damping ratio in parallel-plates, which was up to now a great challenge of in-plane parallel-plates design. This work reports the development of an open-loop accelerometer with 0.26 μs/μg sensitivity and 2.7 μg /√Hz noise performance. The MEMS structures used for its experimental implementation were fabricated using a commercially available SOI micromachining process. The main drawbacks of this accelerometer were the low system bandwidth and non-linearity. Closed-loop approaches using electrostatic feedback were explored in this work in order to overcome these limitations, and the dynamic range was successfully extended to 109 dB along with improvements on the linearity. From the thorough damping study performed in this work, a new application for the pullin time using the same microstructures was developed. It consists of a gas viscosity sensing application. At the low frequencies operated, damping is directly proportional to the viscosity of the gas medium. The experimental results obtained with gases with viscosities ranging from 8 μP to 18 μP have shown a sensitivity of 2 ms/μP, making the pull-in time viscosity sensor a very promising approach.
Nas últimas décadas assistiu-se a um imenso crescimento no mercado de sensors MEMS, tendo os acelerómetros sido uma das maiores forças impulsionadoras desse crescimento devido às suas aplicações na indústria automóvel. Desde então, a gama de aplicações destes sensores expandiu-se multidirecionalmente, novas aplicações emergiram e acelerómetros convencionais em aplicações já existentes foram substituídos por acelerómetros MEMS. Isto deve-se essencialmente ao seu baixo custo e pequenas dimensões. Há no entanto, aplicações para as quais o desempenho dos acelerómetros MEMS ainda não é suficiente. O objectivo deste trabalho é desenvolver um acelerómetro de elevado desempenho tirando partido da elevada sensibilidade do efeito de pull-in a forças externas tais como a aceleração. O efeito de pull-in, descrito pela primeira vez há mais de 40 anos, ocorre em dispositivos capacitivos com partes móveis. Este é um efeito não-linear geralmente evitado/indesejado, uma vez que se traduz numa instabilidade que dificulta o controlo da posição das partes móveis. Na última década foi dedicada alguma investigaçao científica a este fenómeno, tendo sido descoberta a existência de um perfil de deslocamento particular, denominado meta-estabilidade, em determinadas condições de amortecimento e de actuação electrostática. Esta característica do pull-in torna a sua duração extremamente sensível a variações nas forças intervenientes, incluindo aceleração externa. Assim sendo, a medição do tempo de pull-in de micro-estruturas especificamente concebidas para o efeito pode ser utilizada para medir aceleração. Esta abordagem apresenta vantagens significativas em comparação com a transdução direta de capacidade para aceleração (caso da generalidade dos acelerómetros capacitivos). Nomeadamente, a variável tempo pode ser medida com elevada precisão com relativa facilidade e sem necessidade de desenvolvimentos tecnológicos (o que não é o caso da medição de capacidade). Por exemplo, o uso de uma frequência de relógio de 100 MHz no mecanismo de contagem de tempo permite uma resolução de 100 ns na medição de tempo, o que corresponde, considerando a sensibilidade de 0.26 μs/μg do acelerómetro desenvolvido neste trabalho, a uma resolução na medição de acceleração de 0.38μg. Um dos maiores desafios do desenvolvimento de um acelerómetro baseado no tempo de pull-in é o desenho do amortecedor, pois a sensibilidade e o ruído/resolução do sensor final dependem do nível de amortecimento. Uma nova geometria para o amortecedor (estabelecido por um mecanismo de squeeze-film) é apresentada e estudada neste trabalho. Esta consiste em abrir canais nas placas paralelas facilitando assim o fluxo de ar quando as placas se movem. Ficou provado que esta geometria é eficaz na redução da razão capacidade/amortecimento, o que constituía um problema recorrente no desenho de dispositivos de placas paralelas in-plane. Neste trabalho é descrito o desenvolvimento de um acelerómetro em malha aberta com uma sensibilidade de 0.26 μs/μg e 2.7 μg /√Hz de ruído. As estruturas MEMS utilizadas na sua implementação foram fabricadas num processo de microfabrico SOI comercial. As principais desvantagens desta abordagem são pequena gama dinâmica devido à não-linearidade da resposta. Neste trabalho foram exploradas abordagens em malha fechada, usando feedback electrostático, de modo a ultrapassar estas limitações, tendo sido alcançado um aumento da gama dinâmica para 109 dB, com grandes melhoria na linearidade. Uma nova aplicação para o tempo de pull-in foi também desenvolvida: medição de viscosidade de gases. Uma vez que as microstruturas utilizadas são operadas a baixas frequências, o amortecimento é proporcional à viscosidade. O estudo efectuado mostra que o tempo de pull-in é muito sensível ao amortecimento e portanto a variações de viscosidade. Os resultados experimentais obtidos com gases e misturas de gases com viscosidades entre 8 μP e 18 μP mostraram uma sensibilidade de 2 ms/μP, confirmando o potencial da utilização de tempo de pull-in na medição de viscosidade.
The author, Rosana Maria Alves Dias, was supported by Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/46030/2008).

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Books on the topic "Gas viscosity measurement"

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Singh, Jag J. Measurement of viscosity of gaseous mixtures at atmospheric pressure. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1986.

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2

Center, Lewis Research, ed. Measurement of xenon viscosity as a function of low temperature and pressure. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1998.

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Center, Lewis Research, ed. Measurement of xenon viscosity as a function of low temperature and pressure. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gas viscosity measurement"

1

Giri, B. R., P. Blais, and R. A. Marriott. "Viscosity and Density Measurements for Sour Gas Fluids at High Temperatures and Pressures." In Carbon Dioxide Sequestration and Related Technologies, 23–39. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118175552.ch3.

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Magee, Patrick, and Mark Tooley. "Behaviour of Fluids (Liquids and Gases, Flow and Pressure)." In The Physics, Clinical Measurement and Equipment of Anaesthetic Practice for the FRCA. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595150.003.0011.

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A fluid can be either a liquid or a gas. Fluids exhibit different flow behaviours depending on their physical properties, in particular viscosity and density. Flow characteristics also depend on the geometry of the pipes or channels through which they flow, and on the driving pressure regimes. These principles can be applied to any fluid, and the complexity of the analysis depends on the flow regimes described in this section [Massey 1970]. Fluid flow is generally described as laminar or turbulent. Laminar flow, demonstrated by Osborne Reynolds in 1867, is flow in which laminae or layers of fluid run parallel to each other. In a circular pipe, such as a blood vessel or a bronchus, velocity within the layers nearest the wall of the pipe is least; in the layer immediately adjacent to the wall it is probably actually zero. In fully developed laminar flow, the velocity profile across the pipe is parabolic, as shown in Figure 7.1, and as discussed in Chapter 1. Peak velocity of the fluid occurs in the mid line of the pipe, and is twice the average velocity across the pipe at equilibrium, and layers equidistant from the wall have equal velocity. The importance of laminar flow is that there is minimum energy loss in the flow, i.e. it is an efficient transport mode. This is in contrast to turbulent flow, where eddies and vortices (flow in directions other than the predominant one) mean that energy in fluid transport is wasted in production of heat, additional friction and noise. The result is that the pressure drop required to drive a given flow from one end of the pipe to the other is greater in turbulent than in laminar flow. The shear stress τ, which is the mechanical stress between layers of fluid and between the fluid and the tube wall, is proportional to the velocity gradient across the tube (dv/dr) of the fluid layers. The constant of proportionality between these two variables is the dynamic viscosity, η.

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Drickamer, H. G. "Pressure-Tuning Spectroscopy: A Tool for Investigating Molecular Interactions." In High Pressure Effects in Molecular Biophysics and Enzymology. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097221.003.0005.

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Pressure-tuning spectroscopy is a powerful tool for investigating molecular interactions. These interactions may involve organic or inorganic materials in liquid, polymeric, or crystalline media. In this article we confine our attention to organic molecules, largely in dilute solution in polymers or liquids. We demonstrate the use of high-pressure luminescence to study the effect of the environment on π* →π, π* →n and charge-transfer excitations, as well as the interaction between singlet and triplet states. In addition, we provide tests of the energy gap law for non-radiative dissipation of excitation, the role of viscosity in luminescent efficiency, and the internal consistency of various means of predicting and correlating energy transfer. Over the past 40 years, it has been amply demonstrated that high pressure is a powerful tool for studying electronic phenomena in condensed phases. The basic concept is as follows. The optical, electrical, magnetic, and chemical properties—collectively the electronic properties—of condensed phases depend on the interactions of the outer electrons on the atoms, molecules, or ions that make up the phase. Different kinds of electronic orbitals have different spatial characteristics—different radial extent, different shape (orbital angular momentum), and different diffuseness; therefore, pressure perturbs the energies associated with these orbitals in different degrees. This relative perturbation we call “pressure tuning,” and the measurement and explanation of the tuning is “pressure-tuning spectroscopy.” Pressure-tuning spectroscopy of the vibrational and rotational excitations of atoms in molecular and in crystal lattices is also an active and important field, but in this article we arc concerned mainly with electronic phenomena. We further limit this discussion primarily to organic molecules in solid polymers or liquid solutions, as these have the greatest relevance to biologically active systems. A variety of probes are used for studying electronic phenomena under high pressure, but the emphasis here is on luminescence. The presentation consists of a series of examples of various types of excitations on interactions where high pressure has been an effective tool. Only references directly relevant to each example are included. Two general references to pressure studies of molecular luminescence have been published (Drickamer, 1982, 1990).

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"Scott and Tabibi Fig. 16 High-speed disperser. (From Ref. 22.) ity. Hence, the high-speed disperser does its best job of deagglomerating particles when the viscosity is between 10,000 and 20,000 centipoise. If the shear rate is calculated in a fashion similar to the method used for a rotor/stator, it is found to be very low, since the "gap" between the disperser blade (rotor) and the vessel bottom (stator) is usually around 30 cm. For a disperser with a 30 cm blade running at 2000 rpm located 30 cm off the bottom of a vessel dv/dx = (7t) (30)(2000)/(30)(60) = 104 sec (6) where dv = velocity difference between the moving impeller and the stationary object (bottom of the vessel); and dx = distance between moving impeller and stationary object. Clearly, the maximum shear rates are higher than this in the vicinity of the blade tip, but there has not been much research into the velocity gradients set up by high-speed dispersers. Much of this lack of research is no doubt because the bulk of the commercial applications for the disperser deal with viscous liquids that are completely opaque, making the measurement of the various velocities difficult. However, there has." In Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, 342–44. CRC Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420000955-43.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gas viscosity measurement"

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Gao, R. K., S. L. Sheehe, J. Kurtz, and S. O’Byrne. "Measurement of gas viscosity using photonic crystal fiber." In 30TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS: RGD 30. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4967601.

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Ling, K., C. Teodoriu, E. Davani, and G. Falcone. "Measurement of Gas Viscosity at High Pressures and High Temperatures." In IPTC 2009: International Petroleum Technology Conference. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.151.iptc13528.

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Ling, Kegang, William D. McCain, Ehsan Davani, and Gioia Falcone. "Measurement of Gas Viscosity at High Pressures and High Temperatures." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-13528-ms.

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Badarlis, A., A. Kalfas, and A. Pfau. "B6.3 - Gas Density and Viscosity Measurement Using Micro- Cantilever Sensor." In AMA Conferences 2015. AMA Service GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49, 31515 Wunstorf, Germany, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5162/sensor2015/b6.3.

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Uehara, Temujin, Kosuke Yoshimura, Elin Yusibani, Kan’ei Shinzato, Masamichi Kohno, and Yasuyuki Takata. "Hydrogen Viscosity Measurements With Capillary Tube Under High Pressure." In ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2013-73139.

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Viscosity of hydrogen has been measured at high pressures and high temperatures by using capillary tube method. The measurement apparatus was designed specifically for high pressure gas up to 100MPa. The capillary used quartz glass tube 0.1mm in inner diameter and 400mm in length. The measurement range is 0.1MPa to 100MPa, and room temperature up to 723K. We have to generate laminar flow inside the capillary tube that is the range of Reynolds number from 250 to 900. Since we measured nitrogen gas viscosity at the same range and many nitrogen viscosity data have already been measured in these ranges, nitrogen data was used in this study to confirm the accuracy of our apparatus before measurements of hydrogen. The measurement results of hydrogen are evaluated compared with our existing correlation (Yusibani Correlation)[1]. The results of hydrogen viscosity agree well with the existing correlation within 2% except for the measurements at 723K. The relative uncertainty of the present measurement system is estimated to be as much as 2%.

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Funes-Gallanzi, M. "A Novel Fluids Research Technique: Three-State Anemometry." In ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-305.

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A new flow measurement technique is described which allows for the non-intrusive simultaneous measurement of flow velocity, density, and viscosity. The viscosity information can be used to derive the flow field temperature. The combination of the three measured variables and the perfect-gas law then leads to an estimate of the flow field pressure. Thus, the instantaneous state of a flow field can be completely described. Three-State anemometry (3SA), a derivative of PIV, which uses a combination of three monodisperse sizes of styrene seeding particles is proposed. A marker seeding is chosen to follow the flow as closely as possible, while intermediate and large seeding populations provide two supplementary velocity fields, which are also dependent on fluid density and viscosity. A simplified particle motion equation, for turbomachinery applications, is then solved over the whole field to provide both density and viscosity data. The three velocity fields can be separated in a number of ways. The simplest and that proposed in this paper is to dye the different populations and look through interferometric filters at the region of interest. The two critical aspects needed to enable the implementation of such a technique are a suitable selection of the diameters of the particle populations, and the separation of the velocity fields. There has been extensive work on the seeding particle behaviour which allows an estimate of the suitable particle diameters to be made. A technique is described in this paper to allow the separation of μm range particle velocity fields through fluorescence (separation through intensity also being possible). Some preliminary results by computer simulations of a 3SA image are also presented. The particle sizes chosen were 1 μm and 5 μm tested on the near-wake flow past a cylinder to investigate viscosity only, assuming uniform flow density. The accuracy of the technique, derived from simulations of swirling flows, is estimated as 0.5% RMS for velocity, 2% RMS for the density and viscosity, and 4% RMS for the temperature estimate.

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MacLeod, J. D., and W. Grabe. "Comparison of Coriolis and Turbine Type Flow Meters for Fuel Measurement in Gas Turbine Testing." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-070.

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The Machinery and Engine Technology (MET) Program of the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC) has established a program for the evaluation of sensors to measure gas turbine engine performance accurately. The precise measurement of fuel flow is an essential part of steady-state gas turbine performance assessment. Prompted by an international engine testing and information exchange program, and a mandate to improve all aspects of gas turbine performance evaluation, the MET Laboratory has critically examined two types of fuel flowmeters, Coriolis and turbine. The two flowmeter types are different in that the Coriolis flowmeter measures mass flow directly, while the turbine flowmeter measures volumetric flow, which must be converted to mass flow for conventional performance analysis. The direct measurement of mass flow, using a Coriolis flowmeter, has many advantages in field testing of gas turbines, because it reduces the risk of errors resulting from the conversion process. Turbine flowmeters, on the other hand, have been regarded as an industry standard because they are compact, rugged, reliable, and relatively inexpensive. This paper describes the project objectives, the experimental installation, and the results of the comparison of the Coriolis and turbine type flowmeters in steady-state performance testing. Discussed are variations between the two types of flowmeters due to fuel characteristics, fuel handling equipment, acoustic and vibration interference and installation effects. Also included in this paper are estimations of measurement uncertainties for both types of flowmeters. Results indicate that the agreement between Coriolis and turbine type flowmeters is good over the entire steady-state operating range of a typical gas turbine engine. In some cases the repeatability of the Coriolis flowmeter is better than the manufacturers specification. Even a significant variation in fuel density (10%), and viscosity (300%), did not appear to compromise the ability of the Coriolis flowmeter to match the performance of the turbine flowmeter.

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Kesana, N. R., S. A. Grubb, B. S. McLaury, and S. A. Shirazi. "Ultrasonic Measurement of Multiphase Flow Erosion Patterns in a Standard Elbow." In ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2012-72237.

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Solid particle erosion is a mechanical process in which material is removed from a surface due to impacts of solid particles transported within a fluid. It is a common problem faced by the petroleum industry, as solid particles are also produced along with oil and gas. The erosion not only causes economic losses resulting from repairs and decreased production but also causes safety and environmental concerns. Therefore, the metal losses occurring in different multiphase flow regimes need to be studied and understood in order to develop protective guidelines for oil and gas production equipment. In the current study, a novel non-invasive ultrasonic (UT) device has been developed and implemented to measure the metal loss at 16 different locations inside an elbow. Initially, experiments were performed with a single-phase carrier fluid (gas-sand) moving in the pipeline, and the erosion magnitudes are compared with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results and found to be in good agreement. Next, experiments were extended to the multiphase slug flow regime. Influence of particle diameter and liquid viscosity were also studied. Two different particle sizes (150 and 300 micron sand) were used for performing tests. The shapes of the sand are also different with the 300 micron sand being sharper than the 150 micron sand. Three different liquid viscosities were used for the present study (1 cP, 10 cP and 40 cP). Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) was used to increase the viscosity of the liquid without significantly altering the density of the liquid. While performing the UT experiments, simultaneous metal loss measurements were also made using an intrusive Electrical Resistance (ER) probe in a section of straight pipe. The probe in the straight pipe is an angle-head probe which protrudes into the flow with the face placed in the center of the pipe. The UT erosion measurements in a bend are also compared with experimental data obtained placing an intrusive flat head ER probe flush in a bend, and the results were found to be in good agreement. Finally, the non-invasive NanoUT permanent placement temperature compensated ultrasonic wall thickness device developed for this work has the capability of measuring metal loss at many locations and also identifying the maximum erosive location on the pipe bend.

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9

Fung, Lok, and Masahiro Kawaji. "Measurement of Liquid Film Thickness in Slug Flow of Air and Viscous Liquid in a Microchannel." In ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2015-48663.

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Liquid film thickness data in slug flow in a 320 μm diameter capillary tube have been obtained and are compared with existing data and correlations. Solutions of glycerol in water at varying concentrations between 50 and 70% were injected into the capillary tube along with air, at ambient temperature. The thickness of the liquid film was measured using a laser confocal displacement sensor. Gas slug velocity data were obtained from high speed video images recorded at 40,000 frames per second. As liquid viscosity and hence capillary number was reduced, the film thickness around the gas slugs in the capillary tube decreased as expected. The liquid film thickness data were slightly underpredicted by existing correlations.

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10

Lei, Shu-Ye. "Experimental Study of Water and Air Based Permeabilities of Washed and Screened Sands." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79667.

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The permeability of narrow screened washed sands of granularity 100–450 μm was measured experimentally using water and air to investigate the effect of slip on the gas based permeability. The experimental data show that the air based permeability of the unconsolidated particle media is not proportional to the square of the mean particle diameter and that slip significantly affects the air based permeability measurements for unconsolidated porous media. The velocity slip effect is significant even for Kn<10−3. Slip effects were not found in the water based permeability measurements with the same sand samples. All of the experimental data lay around the curve k/d=0.283φ2.67 within ± 4.1%. However, the water based permeability was not below all of the air based permeability as expected. The air based permeability eliminated slip effects was about 59 % lower than that water based one, much larger than possible measurement. The experimental results showed that the standard air viscosity value in the handbooks was not its actual, the actual air viscosity may be over twice of that in handbooks.

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Reports on the topic "Gas viscosity measurement"

1

Cavestri, R. C., and J. Munk. Measurement of viscosity, density and gas solubility of refrigerant blends. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6486382.

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2

Cavestri, R. C. Measurement of viscosity, density, and gas solubility of refrigerant blends in selected synthetic lubricants. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/82433.

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3

Cavestri, R. C., and J. Munk. Measurement of viscosity, density and gas solubility of refrigerant blends. Quarterly progress report, 1 January 1993--31 March 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10155186.

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4

Cavestri, R. C. Measurement of viscosity, density, and gas solubility of refrigerant blends in selected synthetic lubricants. Quarterly report, January 1--March 31, 1994. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10144557.

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5

Cavestri, R. C. Measurement of viscosity, density, and gas solubility of refrigerant blends in selected synthetic lubricants. Quarterly report, October 1--December 30, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10131388.

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6

Cavestri, R. C. Measurement of viscosity, density, and gas solubility of refrigerant blends in selected synthetic lubricants. Quarterly report, March 1--June 30, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10177100.

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7

Cavestri, R. C. Measurement of viscosity, density, and gas solubility of refrigerant blends in selected synthetic lubricants. Quarterly report, July 1 to September 30, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10195409.

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