Academic literature on the topic 'Gas pipe operation tool'
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Journal articles on the topic "Gas pipe operation tool"
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Yang, Xiaoyong, Shichun Chen, Qiang Feng, Wenhua Zhang, and Yue Wang. "Study on mechanical properties of titanium alloy drill pipe and application technology." E3S Web of Conferences 261 (2021): 02021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126102021.
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With the increasing intensity of oil and gas field exploration and development, oil and gas wells are also drilling into deeper and more complex formations. Conventional steel drilling tools can no longer meet the requirements of ultra-deep, high-temperature and high-pressure wells. The paper first analyzes the advantages of titanium alloy drill pipe based on basic performance of titanium alloy drill pipe. The experimental results show that the basic properties of titanium alloy drill pipes meet the operating standards of the petroleum industry. Then the buckling performance of titanium alloy drill pipe and steel drill pipe is compared, the calculation results show that the buckling performance of titanium alloy drill tools is slightly lower than that of steel drill tools. Secondly, the maximum allowable buildup rate of titanium alloy drill pipe and steel drill tool is studied. The research shows that under the same condition of the drill pipe outer diameter, titanium alloy drill pipe can be used for a smaller curvature radius and greater buildup rate. This advantage of titanium alloy drill pipe makes it more suitable for short radius and ultra-short radius wells. Finally, taking a shale gas horizontal well as an example, with the goal of reducing drill string friction and ensuring drill string stability, a comparative study on the application of titanium alloy drill pipe and steel drill pipe is carried out. The results show that titanium alloy drill pipe has a wider application in the field, and is suitable for operations under various complex working conditions.
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Ryakhovskikh, Ilya, Roman Kashkovskiy, Aleksandr Kaverin, Vladimir Stolov, and Sergey Zhedulov. "Safe operation of gas pipelines based on the control of stress corrosion cracking." International Journal of Structural Integrity 12, no. 6 (October 13, 2021): 864–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-05-2021-0052.
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PurposeThe paper is devoted to the phenomenon of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), which is an urgent problem for major operator companies that use large-diameter gas transport systems built in the second half of the last century. The aim of the study is to predict the operability of gas pipelines with SCC and ensure their safe operation.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology of the article mainly consisted of strength calculations, mathematical and analytical approaches.FindingsThe paper describes practical methods of assessing the residual service life and operability of pipes with SCC defects as part of gas pipelines, the developed approaches to assessing the point of failure of pipes, provides recommendations for developing requirements to ILI smart tools in order to detect cracks and the methods of pipe repair depending on the SCC defect parameters.Originality/valueThe originality of the study consists in the analytical description of the point of destruction of gas pipelines with SCC, assessment of their performance, as well as the definition of modern requirements for the accuracy of in-line inspection to ensure the detection of potentially dangerous SCC defects.
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Williams, G. Bob, Purabi Bora, and Omprakash Sahu. "A Solution to Tough Logging Conditions (Lwf): Intro to Tough Logging Conditions, Logging While Fishing, Operation Procedure and Conditions." Sumerianz Journal of Scientific Research, no. 44 (November 15, 2021): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjsr.44.95.103.
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This review work summarised new generation logging techniques such Tough Logging Conditions (TLC) & Logging While Fishing (LWF) and their advancement in drilling operations. The production of Oil & gas from the stage of exploration to production should need a lot of data for economic and safe operations. The conditions of the sub-surface cannot be simply predicted unless with some measured parameters under the LOGGING term. Logging is defined as a continuous record of Petro’s physical parameters of rock against time and depth. Instead of conventional logging techniques of wireline such as SP, Gamma-ray, Neutron, Calliper log, etc, logging while drilling, logging while fishing set them aside of their extended applications. Logging while Fishing is a new generation technology that allows unfailing operations of logging tool by a special installation even in cut and thread operation also aids economic and time enhancement. Tough logging conditions are a technique applied either when the hole has highly deviated or when you need to control the position of a tool. This project includes the study and interpretation of above discussed new generation logs. These tools offer all types of logging carried out on wireline except the SP logging. Logging while drilling provides real-time measurements of physical parameters while drilling operation itself which avoids an additional running of tools causing trips and sticking of drill pipe. The data is stored in the bottom assembled logging tool.
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Ştefan, Ionel Sorin, and Cristian Pătrăscioiu. "Operation of the Pumping System with Rods." Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section 67, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0011.
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Abstract The asynchronous electric motor is used in the electric stock industry. The inverter adjusts the speed of an asynchronous motor from level 0 to rated speed. An oil pumping plant comprises the bottom machine and the surface machine. The lower machine consists of the depth pump, gas and sand separator, extraction pipe, pump rods. The surface tool includes the pump unit and other equipment. In turn, the pumping unit consists of the rocker, mechanical gearbox, connecting rods, cranks and electric motor. In pump extraction processes, maximum engine speed and / or power is not required. Significant reductions in power consumption can be achieved by adjusting the engine speed with the help of a converter. This solution can reduce production costs and increase productivity by up to 50-60%. The paper is dedicated to studying the regulation of the asynchronous electric motor using a converter controlled by a Siemens PLC. The equipment used is didactic, being produced by the company ASTI Romania.
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Robins, Lee. "Tracerco Discovery: the world's first subsea computed tomography (CT) scanner for non-intrusive pipeline inspection." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13118.
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Tracerco Discovery is the world’s first subsea CT scanner, providing high-resolution wall integrity data plus detection of hydrates and other deposits for flow assurance purposes. It is deployed as a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and the inspection is carried out from the outside of the pipeline. It is the only non-invasive technology capable of inspecting unpiggable coated pipelines and there is no need to remove and replace the pipe’s protective coating. Unpiggable pipelines, especially coated ones, have proven extremely difficult (and in most cases impossible) to inspect for integrity and wall loss issues. An externally deployed tool to do this is needed by the global pipeline industry. Gas hydrates and other pipeline deposits pose a large challenge for the oil and gas industry as they can form restrictions that can result in costly shutdowns and serious safety threats. It is, therefore, important to be able to locate such restrictions subsea with high accuracy to allow safe and efficient remediation operations. Discovery benefits: Production can continue and normal operations are not affected. A high-resolution tomographic image of wall thickness and pipe contents at each scanning location is provided to 2 mm resolution. Coating does not need to be removed. Suitable for gas, liquid, or multiphase flow. Suitable for rigid and flexible lines. Pipe-in-Pipe lines and pipe-bundles can be inspected to measure the wall thickness of outer and inner pipes. The presentation of this extended abstract covers the background of the development work, gives a description of the technology, and shows recent results.
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Liakh, Mykhailo, Teodoziia Yatsyshyn, Svitlana Gavryliv, Yuriy Gavryliv, Lesia Shkitsa, Katarina Monkova, Peter Pavol Monka, and Vasyl-Danylo Liakh. "Environmentally-efficient approaches to oil and gas producing sites." E3S Web of Conferences 280 (2021): 09002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128009002.
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We have offered the investigations aimed at the design of eco-efficient technologies during oil and gas producing sites life cycle. The authors have conducted the analysis of conditions causing environmentally hazardous situations at oil and gas producing sites. We have established the necessity of quick maintenance of operation during emergencies that makes it possible to reduce material costs and environmental pollution. The increase of environmental safety in the process of winding up oil and gas wells emergencies that took place as a result of catching drilling string or some other pipe is crucial. We have analyzed different ways and various structural designs of the devices for pipe unscrewing from caught strings. We have established the ways of negative environmental impact reduction in the winding up emergencies at operating as well at stack oil and gas rigs. The recommendations regarding the structural design of the device are given. The device design is patented and the prototype model of the device is designed and manufactured. The device functions as the transformer of clockwise drilling string rotation into anticlockwise rotation of fishing tools. We have highlighted the positive effects after the implementation of the given device. We have noted the importance of innovative technologies design as well as the importance of forming adequate response skills during emergencies when wellsites are being constructed. The technical solutions and recommendations we have introduced make it possible to prevent negative environmental impact and reduce resource flows at different stages of wellsite life cycle.
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Zapevalov, D. N., and R. K. Vagapov. "Analysis of regulatory requirements for the assessment of carbon dioxide corrosion at gas production facilities." Issues of Risk Analysis 18, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32686/1812-5220-2021-18-2-60-71.
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Aim.In many fields, the produced gas contains corrosive CO2, which, in combination with moisture and other factors, stimulates the intensive development of corrosion processes, including local ones, which requires careful attention to the assessment of the corrosiveness of operating fluids in order to select effective anti-corrosion protection. Ensuring reliable and safe operation of equipment and pipelines prevents not only man-made risks, but also no less important environmental risks, which are especially dangerous for marine underwater facilities for Arctic coastal facilities.Methods.The analysis of normative and technical documentation in the field of assessment of corrosion risks, aggressive factors of internal corrosion and operating conditions of gas and gas condensate fields has been carried out.Results.One of the criteria for assessing the corrosion hazard is the corrosion rate of steel under operating conditions. However, the normative documents predominantly regulate the general corrosion rate, which evaluates the uniform thinning of the metal. But the rate of local corrosion is in no way taken into account, which is most relevant precisely for the conditions of carbon dioxide corrosion of steel. Another tool for identifying risks can be a corrosion allowance to the pipe wall thickness, which should be selected at the design stage and which is provided to compensate for corrosion losses during the operation of gas pipelines. It is shown that the minimum corrosion allowance (3 mm) specified in the main regulatory documents is insufficient, especially for offshore facilities.Conclusion.The experience of operating gas production facilities confirms that the rate of local corrosion can reach several mm/year. To limit this, effective anti-corrosion measures should be chosen, for example, the use of corrosion inhibitors, and a reasonable level of corrosion allowance should be provided that would take into account the corresponding level of corrosion risks at the gas production facility.
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Song, Chunyuan, Shoulin Hu, Yunbin He, and Hai Yang. "A review of key tools for oil pipe blockage operation in gas wells under pressure." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1820, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1820/1/012136.
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Islam, Md Shahriar, B. Berscheid, and T. Wiens. "Vibrational Data Communication Tools and Methods for Mining and Oil and Gas Extraction." SPE Journal 27, no. 02 (January 12, 2022): 1081–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209202-pa.
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Summary For the purpose of exploration and extraction, the drilling process in the mining and oil and gas industries is very complicated because of the obvious invisibility of the operation of the drill bit. Acoustic/vibrational telemetry has been of keen interest because it is so far the only method that allows a high data transfer rate as well as less data loss, over other methods. The method certainly depends on the use of the right communication tools and efficient communication schemes to achieve the highest data transfer rate. Although the acoustic method provides a very high data transmission rate, it also has its limitations. However, limitations can be overcome through certain approaches and the use of technologies. The proper use of a communication device with the steel pipe is the most important factor to consider so that the transducer works as the right actuator for the pipeline. The type of sensor that is used to pick up the data also plays a major role because signals are most likely to attenuate, and a sensitive sensor is necessary to collect these attenuated signals. This research demonstrates the use of a transducer as a communication device and oil and gas pipe as the medium of data transmission. The transducer can be used both as an actuator driver and as a receiver sensor. A new piezoelectric transducer was manufactured for this research, which was used with a test setup of a total 184 ft length of six oil and gas pipes. The test setup performed well and data were sent through this setup successfully. A communication scheme is developed using novel theories to achieve the highest data transfer rate. The scheme is tested with the transfer function data obtained from the experimental system. The communication scheme developed outputs a signal, which is a type of binary phase-shift keying signal data along with an equalizer filter. Then the signals developed from the scheme are used in the actual experimental setup to test the speed of the transmission and bit error rate (BER). For the six oil and gas pipes setup, the scheme provides a data transmission of 153 bits/sec (bps) with zero error percentage, which is high enough to use in any oil and gas industry.
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Olabode, Oluwasanmi, Gerald Egeonu, Richard Afolabi, Charles Onuh, and Chude Okonji. "Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for Modelling Multiphase Flow in Hilly-Terrain Pipelines." Diffusion Foundations 28 (December 2020): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.28.33.
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The design and operation of subsea pipelines over the life-cycle of an asset is vital for continuous oil and gas production. Qualitative design and effective production operation of pipelines depend on fluid type(s) involved in the flow; and in the case of multiphase flow, the need to understand the behaviour of the fluids becomes more imperative. This work presented in this report is borne out of the need for more accurate ways of predicting multiphase flow parameters in subsea pipelines with hilly-terrain profiles by better understanding their flow behaviors. To this end, Computational Fluid Dynamics has been used as against existing experimental and mechanistic methods which have inherent shortcomings. The results showed that multiphase flow parameters including flow-regimes, liquid hold-up and pressure drop in hilly-terrain pipelines can be modelled without associated errors in existing techniques. Similarity in trend was found when results of pressure gradient in downward-incline pipe were compared with results from existing correlations and mechanistic method. CFD can be used as a design tool and also a research tool into the understanding of the complexities of multiphase flow in hilly-terrain pipelines towards qualitative design and effective operation of hilly-terrain pipelines.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gas pipe operation tool"
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Савула, Р. С. "Забезпечення працездатності магістральних газопроводів в процесі тривалої експлуатації у гірській місцевості." Thesis, Івано-Франківський національний технічний університет нафти і газу, 2013. http://elar.nung.edu.ua/handle/123456789/4643.
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Дисертація присвячена дослідженням, спрямованим на забезпечення працездатності магістральних газопроводів в процесі тривалої експлуатації у гірській місцевості за рахунок удосконалення методів аналізу напружено-деформованого стану і оцінки міцності труб з урахуванням деградації матеріалу, відхилення від прямолінійності траси і наявності локальних пластичних деформацій. Досліджені структурні зміни, які відбуваються в сталях магістральних газопроводів в процесі тривалої експлуатації. Оцінено вплив процесів старіння трубної сталі та локальних пластичних деформацій магістральних газопроводів на фізико-механічні властивості експлуатованої сталі. Одержані кількісні оцінки механічних характеристик трубних сталей дають можливість уточнення допустимих умов експлуатації трубопроводів з урахуванням дії як технологічних, так і температурних навантажень. Проаналізовано процеси пружно-пластичного деформування труб під час укладання магістральних газопроводів у траншею на викривленій трасі і в процесі капітального ремонту ділянки трубопроводу з заміною котушки та визначені моменти, які повинні розвивати центрувальні пристрої. Досліджено вплив залишкових напружень, обумовлених локальним пластичним деформуванням магістрального трубопроводу, на напружено-деформований стан труби. Проведені експериментальні дослідження пружно-пластичного деформування і міцності труби в лабораторних умовах з метою перевірки допущень, прийнятих у теоретичних дослідженнях, а також вивчення закономірностей зміни коерцитивної сили трубної сталі 17ГІС в процесі експлуатації.Диссертация посвящена исследованиям, направленным на обеспечение работоспособности магистральных газопроводов в процессе длительной эксплуатации в горной местности за счёт усовершенствования методов анализа напряжённо-деформированного состояния и оценки прочности труб с учётом деградации материала, отклонения от прямолинейности трассы и наличия локальных пластических деформаций. Исследованы структурные изменения, происходящие в сталях магистральных газопроводов в процессе длительной эксплуатации. Получили дальнейшее развитие экспериментальные исследования влияния длительной эксплуатации магистральных трубопроводов на физико-механические свойства трубных статей на основании проведения микроспектрального анализа материала и комплексных исследований характеристик прочности, пластичности, циклической трещиностой-кости, сопротивляемости сероводородному коррозионному растрескиванию под напряжением, водородом инициированного растрескивания, а также коррозионной стойкости стали. Изучена чувствительность микротвёрдости, склонности к водородом инициированного растрескивания, коррозионной стойкости, влияния сероводородной среды по отношению к статическим характеристикам прочности и пластичности длительно эксплуатированной трубной стали при налички локальных пластических деформаций. Получены количественные оценки механических характеристик трубных сталей дают возможность уточнения допустимых условий эксплуатации трубопроводов с учётом действия как технологических, так и температурных нагрузок. Проанализированы процессы упругопластического деформирования труб во время укладки магистральных газопроводов в траншею на искривлённой трассе и в процессе капитального ремонта участка трубопровода с заменой катушки. Определены моменты, которые должны развивать центрирующие приспособления. Установлена зависимость между изгибающим моментом и кривизной оси трубы с учётом упрочнения материала в процессе упругопластического деформирования. Исследовано совместное влияние искривления оси трубопровода и изменения температуры на характеристики напряжённого состояния трубы. Исследовано влияние остаточных напряжений, обусловленных локальным пластическим деформированием магистрального трубопровода, на напряжённо-деформированное состояние трубы. Путём компьютерного моделирования локального упругопластического деформирования трубы как цилиндрической оболочки, взаимодействующей с шарообразным абсолютно твёрдым телом (индентором). установлено. что я центральной точке контакта индентора з трубой эквивалентное напряжение в материале, которое па начальном этапе деформирования трубы достигаег предела текучести, после приложения к трубе внутреннего давления уменьшается приблизительно в 1,5 раза. В го же время, напряжения на контуре вмятины, которые в процессе вдавливания индентора не достиг ают предела текучести, вследствие приложения внутреннего давления значительно возрастают и могут достичь предела текучести материала. Проведенные экспериментальные исследования упругопластического деформирования и прочности трубы в лабораторных условиях с целью проверки допущений, принятых в теоретических исследованиях, а также изучения закономерностей изменения коэрцитивной силы трубной стали 17ГІС в процессе эксплуатации. Усовершенствовано методику экспериментального определения напряжённо-деформированного состояния тела трубы с использованием неразрушающих магнитных методов и установлено влияние локальных пластических деформаций на прочность оболочечной конструкции.
The thesis is devoted to research, which is aimed at ensuring efficiency of gas main pipeline during long-term operation in the highlands by improving the methods of the stress-strain state analysis and strength assessment based on the degradation of pipe material, deviation from linearity route and the presence of local plastic deformation. The structural changes that occur in steel gas mains during prolonged use are researched. The effect of the tubular steel aging process and plastic deformations of local gas mains on physical and operated steel mechanical properties is estimated. The obtained quantitative estimates of the mechanical characteristics of steel pipe enable specification of acceptable conditions of pipelines in view of both process and temperature loads. The process of elastic-plastic deformation during pipe laying gas mains in a trench on the curved track is analysed, as well as during major repairs of pipeline replacement coil and defined points that should develop centering device. In this work is researched the influence of residual stresses due to local plastic pipeline deformation on the stress-strain pipe state. Experimental study of elastic-plastic deformation was held, as well as study of the tube strength in the laboratory to test the assumptions adopted in theoretical studies and the study of patterns of coercive strength change of tubular steel 17H IS during operation.
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Hung, Chia-Chih, and 洪家志. "Root Cause Identification on the Breakage of PP Pipe in the Outlet of Local Scrubber for the Gas Treatment in Fluorine-Containing Process Tool." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46133131827376446571.
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碩士崑山科技大學
環境工程研究所
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Root cause identification on the breakage of PP pipe in the outlet of local scrubber for the gas treatment in fluorine-containing process Tool could be carried out by integrating the process behavior, analyzing the gas species in the outlet of the local scrubber by RGA and comparing the different type of local scrubber. That will be good to find out the root cause of breakage on PP pipe.
Books on the topic "Gas pipe operation tool"
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E, Goldberg David. Computer-aided gas pipeline operation using genetic algorithms and rule learning: A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Civil Engineering) in the University of Michigan 1983. Ann Arbor, Mich: University Microfilms International, 1987.
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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Bill: An act to amend the operation of the Act of the Legislature of the late Province of Canada, 19 and 20 Victoria, Chapter 141, to all parts of the Dominion of Canada. Ottawa: I.B. Taylor, 2002.
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Shoham, Ovadia. Mechanistic Modeling of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Pipes. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/9781555631079.
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The objectives of this book are twofold: to provide insight and understanding of two-phase flow phenomena and to develop analytical tools for either designing two-phase flow systems or conducting research in this area. The traditional approach for two-phase flow prediction was based on the development of an empirical correlation from experimental data. This book presents the recent approach, in which mathematical mechanistic models are developed, based on the physical phenomena, to predict two-phase flow behavior. The models can be verified and refined with limited experimental data. However, as these models incorporate the physical phenomena and the important flow variables, they can be extended to different operational conditions and can enable scaleup with significant confidence.
Book chapters on the topic "Gas pipe operation tool"
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"Damage to Tool Joints in Hydrogen Sulfide-Carrying Natural Gas Drilling Operation." In ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Oil and Gas Production Equipment. ASM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.petrol.c9001179.
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Jiang, Donglei, Shujie Liu, Yi Huang, Wenbo Meng, Huan Diao, Bicheng Gan, and Fabao Zou. "Wellbore Temperature-Pressure Coupling Model Under Deep-Water Gas Well Intervention Operation." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220295.
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The accurate forecast of wellbore temperature and pressure during intervention operations is critical to the long-term exploitation of deep-water oil and gas resources. A wellbore temperature prediction model was constructed in the seawater and formation sections based on Hasan and Kerber’s gas-liquid two-phase flow heat transfer model and integrated with the features of intervention operations. Simultaneously, the heat exchange produced by the change in fluid flow rate caused by the tool placement was evaluated. The wellbore pressure prediction model is developed in the intervention tool and intervention operation sections, and the friction gradient is modified by introducing the intervention operation.The established temperature and pressure model is coupled and solved iteratively, and the disturbance law of the wellbore temperature and pressure field induced by the intervention operation is investigated. The results show that the pressure in the wellbore gradually decreases when the tool is removed; the temperature at the mudline of the wellbore with high gas production is higher, and the wellhead pressure is low; the tool size is weakly sensitive to the wellbore; and the wellbore temperature and pressure are weakly sensitive to the running speed. The aforesaid findings have some guiding relevance for the design of the intervention operation plan, as well as the prediction and prevention of hydrate in the wellbore during deep-water gas well cleaning and blowout.
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Wang, Heng, Huan Diao, Tan Xiao, Donglei Jiang, Yi Yu, Zhandong Li, Bicheng Gan, and Fabao Zou. "Study on Hydrate Formation in Deep-Water Gas Well Intervention Operation." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220397.
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In the development of deepwater high temperature and pressure gas wells, frequent intervention operations are required. Wellbores near the seabed have the risk of producing massive hydrates and plugging the wellbore. Based on the non-steady state model, a temperature-pressure coupling model of deepwater gas well intervention was established, and a physical simulation experiment of hydrate formation under deepwater gas well intervention was carried out by using the self-developed hydrate deposition simulation reaction device. Intervention operation of deepwater high temperature and high pressure gas wells. With reference to the test data of a real well in the South China Sea, the hydrate formation rate was analyzed under the influence of different production rates, running speed and tool size, temperature and pressure distribution of deepwater gas wells. The operation rules of deepwater gas well intervention and the formation rules of hydrates are obtained. Simulation prediction results can be used to predict the timing and location of hydrate plugging under intervention operations.
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Yang, Yunpeng, Jianchun Fan, Di Liu, and Fanfan Ma. "Monitoring and Diagnosis System of Downhole Tubing Leakage." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia210300.
Full textAbstract:
The downhole tubing in a gas well is affected by many factors such as high pressure erosion, gas lift operation, sand production at the bottom of the well and engineering construction, etc., which can easily lead to leakage of the threaded joints of the tubing and the pipe body, and the leaked natural gas will invade Annulus, making the annulus under pressure. The annular pressure caused by oil pipe leakage is a major safety hazard in oil and gas production. Therefore, the accurate diagnosis the degree of leakage of downhole tubing is of great significance to preventing the occurrence of production accidents effectively. To this end, a set of downhole tubing leak monitoring and diagnosis system has been developed by integrating fluid monitoring, acoustic wave detection and tracer detection technology, and the developed tubing leak monitoring and diagnosis system was used for leak detection tests on offshore platforms. The test results show that the developed tubing leakage monitoring and diagnosis system can meet the need of offshore gas well diagnosis, and realize the holographic diagnosis of the leakage degree of the downhole tubing without moving the downhole tubing string.
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Horn, Agnes Marie, Bjørn-Andreas Hugaas, Bente Leinum, Erling Østby, and Gustav Heiberg. "Re-Qualification of Existing Subsea Pipelines for CO2 and H2 Transport, Structural Integrity Challenges." In Ageing and Life Extension of Offshore Facilities, 251–58. ASME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.885789_ch19.
Full textAbstract:
There is currently a strong interest to explore the use of existing pipeline subsea infrastructures to transport carbon dioxide (CO2) in dense phase or hydrogen gas (H2) as a part of the new energy mix. Change of product will per applicable pipeline design codes require a re-qualification to ensure that the new premises for change in operation is properly assessed and confirmed acceptable with respect to pipeline safety, reliability, operability and transport capacity. Per DNV-ST-F101, Sec.11.E, a re-qualification is a re-assessment of the pipeline design under changed design conditions. For CO2 pipelines, a re-qualification work process is presented in the updated DNV-RP-F104 ‘Design and Operation of carbon dioxide pipelines’ and some industry experience exist for onshore pipelines. ASME B31.12 offers guidance for design of new H2 pipelines. However, for repurposing of existing pipeline infrastructure for hydrogen gas transport, limited guidance exists, especially for offshore pipelines. In this work, it has been explored if it is feasible to apply the same work processes used for CO2 transport as a basis for re-qualification of hydrogen transport. The paper will on a high-level discuss and present a possible work process to document acceptable system integrity under changed operational conditions from natural gas to CO2 and H2 with focus on the structural integrity of the pipeline. The paper will also highlight some of the special challenges related to the two possible new applications. For hydrogen pipelines this is especially related to potential impact of the hydrogen on the mechanical properties of the line pipe material and associated welds. Special challenges for CO2 pipelines are related to risk of very high corrosion rate and documentation of capability to arrest running ductile fracture. This paper will conclude with a discussion of the main gaps that need to be sorted out before fully robust general procedures to re-qualify pipeline for CO2 or H2 transport are available.
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Oliveira, Kézia, Kyller Gorgônio, Angelo Perkusich, Antônio Lima, and Leandro Dias da Silva. "Automatic Timed Automata Extraction from Ladder Programs for Model-Based Analysis of Control Systems." In Software Engineering for Secure Systems, 305–28. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-837-1.ch012.
Full textAbstract:
Control Systems are used to produce a certain result with little or no human supervision. The principal aim of such systems is to ensure that resources are used efficiently and that the desired product quality is achieved. Moreover for critical systems such as oil and gas plants, it is important to guarantee the safety and dependability of the operation. Therefore, it is necessary to verify whether what is running in the device is in accordance with what was defined in the specification documents. The goal of this chapter is to present a method that automatically generates the timed automata models from the specification ISA 5.2 Binary Logic Diagrams, and the implementation Ladder programs, for model-based analysis, in order to increase the confidence in the behavior of critical Control Systems. This approach is based on the use of the Uppaal tool and the Uppaal-TRON testing tool.
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Lepikhin, Anatoly, Victor Leschenko, and Nikolay Makhutov. "Defects Assessment in Subsea Pipelines by Risk Criteria." In Issues on Risk Analysis for Critical Infrastructure Protection [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94851.
Full textAbstract:
Subsea inter-field pipelines are an important element of offshore oil and gas infrastructure. Leakage or fracture of these pipelines is associated with the risk of large economic and environmental losses. One of the main sources of pipeline fracture is pipe defects. The presented section discusses the methodological aspects of assessing the hazard of defects of subsea inter-field pipelines by risk criteria of accidents. A conceptual approach of defects hazard assessing by risk criteria has been formulated, based on analysis the requirement of modern standards. The risk is defined as the probability of negative consequences, the scale of which is determined by the hazard class of pipeline accidents. The probability and scale of accidents are linked by a risk matrix. A method for a three-level assessment of the suitability of a pipeline for operation after in-line inspection has been developed. The method allows assessing the hazard of the most typical defects in subsea pipelines, such as metal loss, metal delamination, cracks and crack-like defects. The allowable defect sizes are determined for the given risk criteria using partial safety factors. The novelty of the methodology lies in the substantiation of safety factors according to risk criteria corresponding to a given class of damage and loss. A scheme for making decisions on the admissibility of defects by risk criteria has been developed. An example of hazard assessment of defects in subsea pipelines is presented.
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Donati, Enrica, and Zeineb Aturki. "The Role of Capillary Electrophoresis to Guarantee the Quality and Safety of Dietary Supplements." In Current and Future Developments in Food Science, 450–86. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815036152122020016.
Full textAbstract:
At present, dietary supplements are commercially available products, globally consumed as an addition to the usual diet. Considering that dietary supplements are a source of nutrients, they are widely utilized to improve human health and prevent various diseases; therefore they are expected to be safe. There is still no common definition regarding the role of supplements which cannot be considered functional foods nor drugs. Dietary ingredients in supplements are exempt from food additives or drugs regulations. For this reason, these supplements are marketed without any data on identity, including ingredient information, effectiveness, toxicology and safety. Therefore, efficacy and safety are necessary claims required to preserve consumer health. To face this imperative challenge, sensitive and selective analytical techniques capable of providing a full characterization of the supplements in terms of their components are needed. In the last decades, Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) has shown to be a powerful tool that offers solutions to almost any analytical issue arising in several application fields. Due to its simplicity of operation and versatility, it has become a complementary separation tool to other separation techniques such as gas and liquid chromatography in the analysis of dietary supplements. This chapter aims to give a comprehensive overview of the most important applications of CE for the analysis of dietary supplements in terms of their main key components.
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"put capacity and does not require premixing; it is fairly inexpensive and suitable for continuous operation. Major drawbacks to this equipment are its lack of availability, the need for special heating and cooling control systems, no available laboratory model, and the need for many trial-and-error runs in order to scale-up to production. 8. Static Mixers A true low-shear and low-energy requirement device for emulsifying immiscible liq-uid mixtures is the static mixer. Sometimes called a pipeline mixer, this device is ac-tually a series of specially designed baffles in a cylindrical pipe as shown in Fig. 42. These simple devices are used extensively for the preparation of unstable emulsions for liquid-liquid extraction purposes. Droplet sizes, obtainable using static mixers, have been studied extensively and vary with viscosity, interfacial tension, pressure drop, and static mixer design [45]. Size distributions obtainable range from 1000-100 |am. Hence, al-though there are very few emulsions stable in this region, the static mixer has seen application as an in-line premixer in continuous processes or in recirculation loops to batch-processing equipment. F. Nonmechanical Disperse Processing Recently a new processing technique became available for the production of stable and uniform liposomes. It uses the physico-chemical properties of the supercritical liquids rather than the mechanical forces of the pumps. One such a process technology is pre-sented in this section. 1. Critical Fluids Liposome Process Near-critical or supercritical fluid solvents with or without polar cosolvents (SuperFluids™) (Aphios, Corp., Woburn, MA) for the formation of uniform and stable liposomes having high encapsulation efficiencies has been used [46-48]. Supercritical or near-critical fluids as shown by the pressure-temperature diagram in Fig. 43, are gases such as carbon dioxide and propane that have been processed under ambient conditions. When compressed at conditions above their critical temperature and pres-sure, these substances become fluids with liquidlike density and the ability to dissolve other materials, and gaslike properties of low viscosity and high diffusivity. The gas-eous characteristics increase mass transfer rates, thereby significantly reducing process-ing time. Small added amounts of miscible polar cosolvents, such as alcohol, can be used to adjust polarity and to maximize the selectivity and capacity of the solvent. Fig. 42 Static mixer. (From Ref. 44.)." In Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, 370–75. CRC Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420000955-56.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Gas pipe operation tool"
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Richard, Bobbywadi, M. Sazani Saarani, Suhaimi Sulaiman, Meor M. Hakeem Meor Hashim, M. Faris Arriffin, and Rohaizat Ghazali. "Delivering Proactive Real Time Drilling Decision for Extended Reach Drilling Well via Dynamic Trend-Based Monitoring System." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210777-ms.
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Abstract Today's oil and gas drilling operations often face significant technical challenges, especially in remote locations with increasingly difficult geological settings. Stuck pipe incidents have become a major operational challenge for the exploration and production industry, with events typically resulting in substantial amounts of lost time and associated costs. Real-time monitoring has emerged as an important tool to achieve drilling optimization in avoiding downtime, particularly stuck pipe incidents. With the addition of a predictive monitoring system, this process becomes much more effective and competent. Predictive monitoring is used for advanced real-time monitoring in Wells Real Time Center (WRTC) and operational workflows to aid in the drilling execution of complex or critical well sections. The emphasis will be on reducing the complexity of real-time data analysis by utilizing trends and deviations between modelled and actual data to monitor wellbore conditions. This monitoring system and trend-based predictive capability enable drilling teams to detect borehole changes and take preventive action up to several hours in advance. By maximizing productive time, it improves operational efficiency. Predictive monitoring can provide early warning of stuck pipe symptoms, allowing the rig and operations team to take corrective and step-by-step actions. In raw drilling data, the conditions that lead to the stuck pipe can be difficult to read and detect. Various factors may indicate potential problems, but these are frequently missed until the situation has progressed to the point where the drill string becomes stuck. This system could have provided the rig crew with advance notice of changes in downhole conditions, in this case, avoiding the stuck pipe situation. We will look into predictive monitoring adoption in Field B operation as an example. Well E is a highly deviated extended reach well (ERD), with a 12,000ft long horizontal section, exceptionally challenging in terms of geomechanics perspective as well as the well design. When original Well E was drilled, a stuck pipe was encountered which caused the wellbore to be sidetracked. Predictive monitoring was implemented to assist drilling operation for the sidetracked well, and it had been completed successfully with minor hole condition issues. The predictive monitoring system is built around a trio of tightly coupled real-time dynamic models consisting of hydraulic, mechanical, and thermodynamic that simulate the wellbore state and physical processes during drilling operations. These models work together continuously to assess drilling performance, borehole conditions, and any other associated risks. It uses dynamic modelling to accurately model key drilling parameters and variables such as hook load, surface torque, cuttings transport, tank volumes, standpipe pressure, and equivalent circulating density (ECD) in real-time.
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Lumankun, Barry Albert, Diyah Ayu Adiningtyas, Cinto Azwar, Ahmed Osman, Rudi Hartanto, Erwindo Tanjung, and Sayid Faisal Abdila. "Improving Cement-to-Pipe Bonding Evaluation on Coated Casing." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21804-ms.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT In the Oil and Gas industries, drilling a well in both exploration and development operations is becoming more challenging due to the reservoir location and complex reservoir system. A sophisticated high-cost well structure with complex trajectory, subsea system, or even operating in deep water is sometimes unavoidable. One of the crucial factors for a successful well construction operation is to achieve excellent well integrity by having good zonal isolation throughout the target reservoir section. This requires flawless primary cementation from cement job planning, design, and up to execution. The cement bond quality will need to be evaluated by performing the post job cement execution evaluation and wireline logging cement bond log survey. Supported with more stringent regulations, well integrity is becoming a fundamental aspect in drilling and production operations. This brings new challenges to cementing operations and subsequent cement evaluation. Flawless primary cementation is of great importance, from the job planning, design, to the execution. Post-job cement evaluations are needed by performing Pressure Match Post-Job Analysis and Wireline Logging Cement Bond Log Survey. Key parameters in designing optimum zonal isolation cement slurry is good understanding of the wellbore technical challenges and mitigating all geological and formation-related risks, such as narrow pressure margin, gas migration risk, etc. Light cement, complicated cement composition recipes, small cement - mud weight ratio are more common these days, supported with the developing technology in cementing. These, on the other side, would impact the cement bond evaluation. Good cement bond is crucial to ensure good zonal isolation across the reservoir intervals. Casing external coating, applied to protect casing strings from rusts, is another aspect affecting the cement bond, especially cement-to-casing bond. A more advanced cement bond evaluation tool will be required to cope with variety of cementing conditions, to enable producing undoubted log results. Thus, helping Operator in making decisions of subsequent well operations. This paper shows and presents different cement bond log interpretation results from four wells executed with a different method of implementations, performed in a development drilling campaign in Natuna Sea, offshore Indonesia in year 2019. The paper will focus on the 9-5/8" casing cementation, on which the cement bond evaluation became one of the main attentions.
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Aribowo, Triadi Herwasto, Fachrul Ruzi, Mada Amatori Sutan, Kurnia Darmawan, Agus Restyanto, I. Nyoman Dimas Adhi, and Anas Hanafiah. "Implementation of Unique Eccentric Reamer Tool to Improve Pull Out of Hole Time and Casing Running Through Borehole Conditioning: A Case Study in Onshore Drilling West Java, Indonesia." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210640-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Advances in drilling equipment, drill bit design, and PDC cutter technology have resulted in significant time savings through increases in penetration rate and the entire hole section being completed in a single bit run. However, the wellbore condition has become an important consideration as the time spent to improve the quality of the wellbore to facilitate tripping and running casing is increased. The paper discusses a case study in the Jatiasri and Akasia Bagus fields, West Java, Indonesia, where both the 17½-in. and 12¼-in. hole sections are considered challenging. Pipe stall, overpull, stuck pipe, and tight spots are typically experienced during drilling and tripping, resulting in difficult trip-out and subsequent trip-in with casing. Those two case studies describe poor borehole conditioning related to micro-doglegs or tight hole issues. A unique bi-directional eccentric reamer tool was introduced to help improve the wellbore quality. The tool removes or smooths out irregularities in the wellbore geometry during drilling and reaming operations. To work effectively, the correct placement within the BHA is critical. Using proprietary multifunctional advanced placement software, the reamer is ensured to be optimally placed while analyzing bending stresses and contact forces throughout the run for safe and trouble-free operation. The run results showed significant time savings in pulling out of hole by 38 to 91% in the 12¼-in. section and 20 to 57% faster in the 17½-in. section compared to the offset runs. In addition, wiper trips can be eliminated or greatly reduced, and casing speed is also improved. The casing shoe was also set or landed close to the designated depth, eliminating the need for dedicated cleanout runs. For more than 17 runs, the performance showed consistency in time savings while reducing the potential for stuck pipe, string stall, and tight spots. This unique bi-directional eccentric reamer has added a new capability for drilling improvement and optimization through borehole conditioning, reducing nonproductive time and interval costs which ultimately contributes to lower well construction cost.
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Nakagawa, Yujin, Tomoya Inoue, Hakan Bilen, Konda R. Mopuri, Keisuke Miyoshi, Shungo Abe3, Ryota Wada, Kouhei Kuroda, and Hitoshi Tamamura. "An Unsupervised Learning Model for Pipe Stuck Predictions Using a Long Short-Term Memory Autoencoder Architecture." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205677-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Pipe-sticking during drilling operations causes severe difficulties, including economic losses and safety issues. Therefore, stuck-pipe predictions are an important tool to preempt this problem and avoid the aforementioned troubles. In this study, we have developed a prediction technique based on artificial intelligence, in collaboration with industry, the government, and academia. This technique was an unsupervised learning model built using an encoder-decoder, long short-term memory architecture. The model was trained with the time series data of normal drilling operations and based on an important hypothesis: reconstruction errors between observed and predicted values are higher around the time of pipe sticking than during normal drilling operations. The trained model was then applied to 34 actual stuck-pipe events, where it was found that reconstruction errors increased prior to the pipe sticking in some cases (thereby partly confirming our hypothesis) and were sensitive to large variations in the drilling parameters.
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Bulard, Francois-Xavier, Emmanuel Tavernier, and Lucas Kling. "Intelligent Pipe: A Multi-Annuli Monitoring Solution." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211546-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Well integrity has always been a challenge for the oil and gas industry. The main concern for operators is to prevent catastrophic well failure during their operations, which could have a dramatic impact on the environment and put people working on site at risk. The industry is therefore looking for new solutions to monitor well activity in real time, especially for subsea wells where the annuli are inaccessible. By anticipating any abnormal behavior, operators will then be able to act faster and adapt their operations to avoid any damage to the well. The multi-annulus monitoring solution will provide pressure and temperature for each well annulus. These key parameters are captured by innovative sensors based on MEMS technology. An innovative transmission methodology is used that allows power supply and data retrieval even for annuli beyond the "B-annulus". All electronic elements of the solution will be qualified through the international recommendation (called AWES) which consists of a series of mechanical and long-term tests to ensure that our system will survive for 20 years at 125°C. This paper will present the results of the different tests carried out to qualify the electronics, those performed to qualify the performance of the multi-annulus transmission, as well as the results of the first field trial carried out with this product. During this first trial, the operator encountered several operational issues. Our system provided actual data that was used in their own simulation to investigate the root causes of these operational difficulties. This clearly demonstrated the importance of having data from inside the well to confirm and complete the well simulation. This article describes the development of a continuous monitoring solution through to its deployment. This system offers oil and gas operators a new tool to monitor their wells and enhance the safety of their operations. It could be used in all storage applications, especially those related to the energy transition, including CCS and H2 storage.
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Xu, Zhixiong, Xueqing Teng, Ning Li, Hongtao Liu, Caiting Zhao, Bo Zhou, Bo Zou, and Wei Yu. "Field Application of Reaming-While-Drilling Technology in the Super Deep Composite Anhydrite-Salt Layers of Kuche Mountain Front in Tarim Oilfield." In SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204599-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The implementation of drilling technique for multiple lithology interbeds and high-pressure anhydrite-salt in the complex Mountain Front area has been completed. The plastic creep of the anhydrite-salt layers, the losses of the low-pressure sandstone, the overflow of the high-pressure salt-water, the narrow mud density window and frequent pipe-stuck occurrence are significant issues, which trigger significant engineering challenges downhole. This study presents the application of the reaming-while-drilling (RWD) technology which has led to minimize the downhole non-productive time (NPT) and achieve successful results. The RWD technique was applied in the composite anhydrite-salt formation of the Kumugeliemu group. Through optimized combination of the RWD tools, bits, reaming blades, and the mechanical analysis the drill string with shock-absorbing design and hydraulics optimization to guarantee the bit and the reamer blades have the proper pressure drop, hydraulic horsepower and flow-field distribution, the RWD was used with the vertical seeking tool drilling technology, resulting in minimum vibration and/or stick-slip, and achieving the expected rate of penetration (ROP) as well as target inclination. It improved the operation efficiency significantly while avoiding the downhole complexities at the same time. Since the geological structure of the offset well Keshen X (no RWD) is similar to Keshen XX (RWD technology was applied), a comparison between the two wells was performed. The reaming meterage in the composite anhydrite-salt layers in Keshen XX was 791 m, spending 15 days, average ROP is 3.73 m/hr. There was no overflew or loss during the drilling. It was smooth, no pipe sticking when checking the reaming effect during the wiper trip and the tripping out. On the other hand, Keshen X spent 29 days with average ROP of 1.35 m/hr to drill the 449 m composite anhydrite-salt rock. Moreover, it was difficult to trip in and trip out during the drilling, and the pipe sticking happened frequently, back-reaming frequently as well. There were losses during both the drilling and the casing running. Due to the unsmooth wellbore, this well increased additional 3 runs of reaming after drilling operation and 4 clean-out runs. 13 days later after the reaming operation, the anhydrite-salt rock creep was checked and found that the hole was still smooth, no pipe sticking existing. Hence, RWD technology has accomplished both goals of preventing the downhole complexities and speeding up drilling. The novel RWD technology can be well illustrated by presenting all the details of its application in salt-base formations.
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Kadir, Nurul Amali, Saikat Das, Jittbodee Khunthongkeaw, Jamal Dayem, Ashraf Abdul-Hamid, Shaherol Hassan, and Nurdiyana Noridin. "Flawless Cutting of Tubing and Control Lines by Mechanical Pipe Cutter in Challenging Well Condition Provides an Environmental Friendly Alternative: A Case Study from Brunei." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205655-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Electro-Mechanical Pipe Cutter (MPC) is a non-ballistic & non-chemical wireline deployed alternative cutter tool for parting downhole tubular in the process of well abandonment, pipe recovery and retrieving of packer elements. This case study showcases its application in two wells with different challenges in cutting 4.5" tubing viz., (i) with multiple control lines to facilitate fishing operations and (ii) under compression in a highly deviated trajectory. In Well A, Brunei offshore, the position of the tubing and orientation of the control lines were challenging for ballistic option, along with the possibility of scarring the 9-7/8" casing during the cutting operation. Thus, 3-1/8" OD MPC was used for this job to cut near the coupling, ensuring optimum stand off from casing wall aiming to achieve cutting the control lines in tension. Dual cut were designed to allow the room for a safe cut zone. The primary cut was performed near middle of the joint at ∼1985m, with the tubing in tension. The cut was initiated at a very slow feed (0.2 mm/min) and motor rates (4000rpm), which was gradually increased once the cutting was stable. After the accomplishment of the tubing cut, the parameters were again reduced to carefully cutting through control line. The tubing was successfully retrieved with smooth cut without any over pull indicating it to be completely free. The flawless cutting operation was performed in less than one hour with outmost efficiency. In another highly inclined Well B, Brunei offshore, MPC was chosen over ballistic because it was needed to be conveyed by tractor and ballistic shock has potential to damage it during the operation. Also the advantage of MPC to perform multiple cuts in one run, made it a preferred choice. In this well, multiple cuts were performed to weaken the joint connection of the tubing to allow the rig to pull it free. It was to overcome the adversity posed by high inclination and the pipe under compression. Three cuts were performed at ∼2996 m, each 20 cm apart with an OD of nearly 4.609". After completion of the job, the circulation was performed with surface return, indicating successful execution and the tubing was retrieved on surface showing a clean cut. This case study shows the appropriate planning and execution of the mechanical pipe cutter can provide an efficient, environment friendly and safe alternative to cut tubing and control line in the challenging condition especially when an explosive and chemical cutter options are not considered suitable.
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Arcangeletti, Giorgio, Alessandro Smareglia, Mariella Busco, Paolo Catena, Andrea Esposito, Giulio Monacchi, and Natalia Pierozzi. "Integrated Acoustic Unit I.A.U.: A Novel Technology for Continuous Piggability Detection During Pipeline Laying Operation." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32113-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In the offshore oil and gas industry the pipeline integrity during the whole life cycle is an aspect of paramount importance. During Installation phase pipeline structural integrity can be compromised by fabrications defects and by the action of external forces in case of accidental events, that could generate pipe instability and, in the worst-case scenario, thepipe collapse. Current offshore regulations provide the requirements to be respected during pipelaying operations in terms of Buckle Detection to meet the pipeline Piggability requirements. The debate on the use of a Mechanical Buckle Detector (MDB), i.e., a gauge plate trolley pulled through the pipeline by a wire connected to the vessel and placed at a certain distance behind the touchdown point, is still open. Indeed, Buckle Detection by deploying the MBD may introducesome operational risks, i.e., the cable break, the stacking during motion and the damage of the internal coating. This may lead toadditional vessel time, extra launch/recovery operations and false readings/bias. With the main target to overcome the above issues, Saipem has developed a tool based on acoustic technique to detect deformations of the internal sections of pipes during installation operations: the Integrated Acoustic Unit, IAU (Patented Technology, see Ref. [1]). The tool works by means of a non-intrusive technique andcan provide the continuous characterization of the whole pipe span up to the touchdown point in a single shot. This paper gives an overview of recent developments of Saipem Integrated Acoustic Unit. It describes the working principle and the available IAU Functions, the pipe defects characterization campaign through modelling (FEA) and laboratory tests, the system validation activity through the experimental campaign, the third-party qualification and the new Saipem Procedure for Technology Qualification that was at the basis of the process.
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Arcangeletti, Giorgio, Alessandro Smareglia, Mariella Busco, Paolo Catena, Andrea Esposito, Giulio Monacchi, and Natalia Pierozzi. "Integrated Acoustic Unit I.A.U.: A Novel Technology for Continuous Piggability Detection During Pipeline Laying Operation." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32113-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In the offshore oil and gas industry the pipeline integrity during the whole life cycle is an aspect of paramount importance. During Installation phase pipeline structural integrity can be compromised by fabrications defects and by the action of external forces in case of accidental events, that could generate pipe instability and, in the worst-case scenario, thepipe collapse. Current offshore regulations provide the requirements to be respected during pipelaying operations in terms of Buckle Detection to meet the pipeline Piggability requirements. The debate on the use of a Mechanical Buckle Detector (MDB), i.e., a gauge plate trolley pulled through the pipeline by a wire connected to the vessel and placed at a certain distance behind the touchdown point, is still open. Indeed, Buckle Detection by deploying the MBD may introducesome operational risks, i.e., the cable break, the stacking during motion and the damage of the internal coating. This may lead toadditional vessel time, extra launch/recovery operations and false readings/bias. With the main target to overcome the above issues, Saipem has developed a tool based on acoustic technique to detect deformations of the internal sections of pipes during installation operations: the Integrated Acoustic Unit, IAU (Patented Technology, see Ref. [1]). The tool works by means of a non-intrusive technique andcan provide the continuous characterization of the whole pipe span up to the touchdown point in a single shot. This paper gives an overview of recent developments of Saipem Integrated Acoustic Unit. It describes the working principle and the available IAU Functions, the pipe defects characterization campaign through modelling (FEA) and laboratory tests, the system validation activity through the experimental campaign, the third-party qualification and the new Saipem Procedure for Technology Qualification that was at the basis of the process.
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Salehi, Yasir, Attia Ziada, and Zahran Rawahi. "Significant Stuck Pipe Event Reduction Realized Through Structured Holistic Approach Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211738-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Wellbore stability problems, such as stuck pipe and tight spots, are one of the most critical risks that affect drilling operations. Over several years, Oil and Gas Operators in the Middle East have been facing problems associated with stuck pipe and tight spot events, which have a major impact on drilling efficiency, well cost, and the carbon footprint of drilling operations. On average, the operator loses around 200 days per year in terms of Non-Productive Time(NPT) on stuck events and associated fishing operations. Wellbore stability problems are hard to predict due to the varying conditions of drilling operations: different lithologies, drilling parameters, pressures, equipment, shifting crews, and multiple well designs. All these factors make the occurrence of stuck events quite hard to mitigate when relying on human intervention only. In Petroleum Development Oman (PDO), we lost, between 2013 and 2017, a total of 1,568 days due to stuck events. This equated to a cost of US$15.5 million/year on average, which included the cost of tools lost in hole. In 2018 PDO's Management formed an interdisciplinary taskforce with the objective of analysing stuck events to find solutions which would reduce the cost of stuck events by 50% per year. At the same time PDO decided to develop an Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven tool that leverages the whole breadth and depth of data (reports, sensor data, well engineering data, lithology data, etc.) available to predict and prevent wellbore stability problems. The tool, known as the "Stuck Pipe & Tight-Spot Event Prediction" (STEP) tool, informs well engineers and rig crews about possible risks, both during the well planning and well execution phase, suggesting possible mitigation measures to avoid getting stuck. The taskforce's hard and diligent work, along with the use of the STEP tool, resulted in a significant reduction in stuck events, associated time, cost, HSE exposure and production deferment.
Reports on the topic "Gas pipe operation tool"
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EGR Cooler Fouling Reduction: A New Method for Assessment in Early Engine Development Phase. SAE International, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/022-01-0589.
Full textAbstract:
High pressure EGR provides NOx emission reduction even at low exhaust temperatures. To maintain a safe EGR system operation over a required lifetime, the EGR cooler fouling must not exceed an allowable level, even if the engine is operated under worst-case conditions. A reliable fouling simulation model represents a valuable tool in the engine development process, which validates operating and calibration strategies regarding fouling tendency, helping to avoid fouling issues in a late development phase close to series production. Long-chained hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas essentially impact the fouling layer formation. Therefore, a simulation model requires reliable input data especially regarding mass flow of long-chained hydrocarbons transported into the cooler. There is a huge number of different hydrocarbon species in the exhaust gas, but their individual concentration typically is very low, close to the detection limit of standard in-situ measurement equipment like GC-MS. Therefore, a new measurement and analysis approach has been developed, where the exhaust gas is guided to a metal foam collector, in which HC`s are deposited. The probe is then analyzed in a suited thermogravimetrical system (TGA) in nitrogen atmosphere, temperature range 25°C to 650°C. Analyzing the TGA curve, HC concentration data for 6 different boiling temperature ranges are obtained, provided to an adapted 1-d fouling simulation model. Using these data along with further input parameters like cooler geometry, gas temperature, pressure, flow, particle size distribution and coolant temperature, the simulation model has proven as a suitable tool to predict the fouling and identify engine settings for fouling reduction.