Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gas mixture generator

Academic literature on the topic 'Gas mixture generator'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gas mixture generator"

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Noël, Florian, Claire Trocquet, Christophe A. Serra, and Stéphane Le Calvé. "Experimental Validation of a Novel Generator of Gas Mixtures Based on Axial Gas Pulses Coupled to a Micromixer." Micromachines 12, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12060715.

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In this work, a novel generator of gas mixtures previously numerically investigated and based on axial gas pulses coupled to a micromixer has been conceived, manufactured, and validated. Standard gaseous pollutant mixtures and pure nitrogen or pure air were introduced in a microdevice designed to generate alternating axial gas pulses which were downstream homogenized by means of a multi-stage modular micromixer. The dilution, and therefore the final pollutant concentration, was controlled by two parameters: the ratio between the times of each of the two gas pulses and the partial pressure of the pollutant(s) mixture added to the device. The gas mixture generator was coupled to an analyzer to monitor the concentration of aromatic pollutants. The response time was optimized to be lower than 2 min in accordance with the analytical instrument. The quantity of pollutants measured at the micromixer’s outlet increased linearly with the expected gas concentration of 3.7–100 ppb generated by this novel microfluidic generator and fitted perfectly with those obtained by a reference gas dilution bench. At 5 ppb, the precision on the concentration generated is close to that obtained with the conventional gas mixing bench, i.e., around 10%.
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Venkata Ramesh Mamilla, Dr, K. Sri Rama Murthy, M. M.Vamsi Krishna, T. S.S.S ManikanthaSwamy, A. S.S.S ManikanthaSwamy4, A.Ramesh, and M. Uday Krishna. "Production of Brown’s Gas using Hydroxy Generator." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.5 (September 22, 2018): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.5.20198.

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This paper deals with the designing of hydroxyl (HHO) generator and thus use the Brown’s Gas liberated from it as a supplement to increase fuel efficiency in IC engines. The combustion process in IC engines is very primitive and hence unburnt fuel remains after the combustion process. This is a very challenging problem being faced by today’s automobile industry as this unburnt mixture is a serious air pollutant. The proposed approach is based on an ordinary HHO generator. Although people use HHO generators in practice a very little research has been carried out in implementing an efficient system. This project is mainly focused on finding an efficient configuration of an ordinary HHO generator that is efficient than an ordinary system. Here the generator was tested under several conditions in order to determine a convenient design for an efficient HHO generator.
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Frolov, S. M., V. I. Zvegintsev, V. S. Aksenov, I. V. Bilera, M. V. Kazachenko, I. O. Shamshin, P. A. Gusev, and M. S. Belotserkovskaya. "Deflagration-to-detonation transition in air mixtures of polypropylene pyrolysis products." Доклады Академии наук 488, no. 2 (September 24, 2019): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-56524882162-166.

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A new method for determining the detonability of fuel is proposed based on the measured values ​​of the detonation run-up distance and time in the standard pulsed detonation tube (PDT). Granulated polypropylene (GP) was used as a fuel. A test bench with the PDT and a gas generator was designed and manufactured for the preparation of the GP pyrolysis products at a decomposition temperature of up to 800 °C. Experiments on deflagration-to-detonation transition in air mixtures of pyrolysis products of the GP showed that such mixtures exhibit detonability close to that of liquefied hydrocarbon gas (LPG) of the propane-butane automobile brand in a stoichiometric mixture with air under normal conditions.
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Tykhomyrov, Anatolii, Sergey Zaitsev, Vadim Chichеnin, and Victor Kуshnevsky. "IMPROVEMENT OF GAS MONITORING METHODS IN WATER OF THE HYDROGEN-WATER COOLING SYSTEM OF NPP’S TURBINE GENERATOR." WATER AND WATER PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL NEWS 29, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2218-930012021233705.

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The relevance of research is to ensure and improve the reliability of turbine generators (TG) with a hydrogen-water cooling system by monitoring the content of dissolved gases in the water of a hydrogen-water cooling system with monoethanolamine (MEA) – C2H7NO and water vapor in the cooling hydrogen of the turbine. In this work, the influence of ultrasonic vibrations on the decomposition of a mixture of water and turbine oil, organic acids (acetic acid - С2Н4О2, formic acid - СН2О2, oxalic acid - С2Н2О4) or monoethanolamine was determined. The distribution coefficients values were definedd for the following dissolved gases Н2, О2, N2, СО, СН4, С2Н2, С2Н4, С2Н6, С3Н6, С3Н8, which are of degradation products of water mix components when exposed to ultrasonic oscillation in the following system: «dissolved gas – mixture «water + monoethanolamine» – extractant argon (Ar)». The obtained values of the Кі distribution coefficients for dissolved gases in systems «dissolved gas – mixture «water + С2Н7NО» – extractant argon (Ar)» at a temperature of 293 K and a concentration of С2Н7NО at the level of 1 g/dm3 are close to similar values for dissolved gases in deionized water. The principle flow chart of multichannel gas chromatograph for detecting dissolved gases in water and steam of water in hydrogen was developed. Developed flow chart of 4-chennel gas chromatographer for defining dissolved gases in water includes the one gas chromatographer with conductivity detector, methanator, flame ionization detector, argon gas-bearing and supplementary gases of hydrogen and air.
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Song, Eunhye, and Juhun Song. "Modeling of kerosene combustion under fuel-rich conditions." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 7 (July 2017): 168781401771138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017711388.

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The turbo-pump and turbine are driven by liquid fuel fed into a gas generator, where the fuel is oxidized with a liquid oxidizing agent. For stable operation of the turbine, the combustion temperature of the gas generator must be maintained below 1000 K. The thermodynamic characteristics of kerosene oxidation in the gas generator must be understood to optimize the design and operation conditions of the liquid-fueled rocket engine system. Herein, the 3-species surrogate mixture model for kerosene was selected, and the detailed Dagaut’s kerosene oxidation mechanism consisting of 225 chemical species and 1800 reversible chemical reactions was utilized. The exit gas temperature and product gas composition in the gas generator under fuel-rich conditions were simulated by applying the perfectly stirred reactor model. The perfectly stirred reactor model was used in combination with the liquid spray model for evaporation of the droplets and the two-temperature model for evaluation of the flame temperature separately from the locally averaged reactor temperature. The theoretical prediction of the gas species fraction and soot yield could be improved by applying the tar cracking mechanism, where the reaction characteristics under high temperature were taken into account.
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Dudinin, Aleksey, Vladimir Tuponogovov, Igor Karasev, and Anastasia Bagutdinova. "Preparation of syngas from the semi-coke of Borodino coal for solid oxide fuel cells." MATEC Web of Conferences 245 (2018): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824504012.

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Syngas for the battery of solid oxide fuel cells is produced in a gas generator with a fluidized layer consisting of a mixture of electrocorundum and semi-coke of the Borodino coal at the temperature of 850 °C, fluidizable by steam in a retort heated from the outside. The concentration of semi-coke is 627 kg per 1m3 of mixture of electrocorundum and semi-coke. The heat of combustion of the obtained syngas is 13359 kJ/kg. Syngas is purified in a cyclone – dust collector and gas purification from SO2 and H2O.
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Fiala, Jozef, Marcel Kuracina, Ivan Hrušovský, and Maros Soldan. "Study of Basic Characteristics of Hydrogen Generator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 3078–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3078.

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HHO technology appeared in USA in 1950s but only in last years it became more interesting due to rising of fossil fuels price. In a device called HHO generator, hydrogen and oxygen are produced onboard on vehicle by electrolysis of water solution of NaOH or KOH. This mixture of gases is known as a HHO gas and it is used as an additive to gasoline in conventional internal combustion engines. Construction of a HHO generator is relatively simply process with small money requirements. All measurements were realized with 10% KOH solution because this electrolyte at this concentration is considered as the best available one. KOH solution excels in chemical stability and efficiency of HHO gas production. For comparison, the 10% NaOH solution was prepared because of low price and good availability of NaOH and all measurements were repeated and results were compared.
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Wang, He Tang, De Ming Wang, and Wan Xing Ren. "Computer Simulation on Key Structure Parameters of Foam Generator for Dust Control in Underground Coal Mines." Advanced Materials Research 466-467 (February 2012): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.466-467.421.

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Foam is a high efficient technology for controlling dust in underground coal mine,and foam generator is one of the core components of the technology. Aiming at designing the key structural parameters of foam generator scientifically, the velocity and pressure distribution of foam generator under different parameters were simulated and displayed by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software. The results show that the intensity of gas-liquid mixture in foam generator reaches the maximum when the vortex generator is 24mm away from the throat and the baffle with a 45° angle. Under the circumstances, the pressure is well-distributed around the vortex generator and the outlet of foam generator, and the foaming effect best.
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Becker, Anaïs, Nathaly Lohmann, Christophe A. Serra, and Stéphane Le Calvé. "Development of a Portable and Modular Gas Generator: Application to Formaldehyde Analysis." Chemosensors 10, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10040131.

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This work aims at developing and validating under laboratory-controlled conditions a gas mixture generation device designed for easy on-site or laboratory calibration of analytical instruments dedicated to air monitoring, such as analysers or sensors. This portable device, which has been validated for formaldehyde, is compact and is based on the diffusion of liquid formaldehyde through a short microporous interface with an air stream to reach non-Henry equilibrium gas–liquid dynamics. The geometry of the temperature-controlled assembly has been optimised to allow easy change of the aqueous solution, keeping the microporous tube straight. The formaldehyde generator has been coupled to an on-line formaldehyde analyser to monitor the gas concentration generated as a function of the liquid formaldehyde concentration, the temperature, the air gas flow rate, and the microporous tube length. Our experimental results show that the generated gaseous formaldehyde concentration increase linearly between 10 and 1740 µg m−3 with that of the aqueous solution ranging between 0 and 200 mg L−1 for all the gas flow rates studied, namely 25, 50 and 100 mL min−1. The generated gas phase concentration also increases with increasing temperature according to Henry’s law and with increasing the gas–liquid contact time either by reducing the gas flow rate from 100 to 25 mL min−1 or increasing the microporous tube length from 3.5 to 14 cm. Finally, the performances of this modular formaldehyde generator are compared and discussed with those reported in the scientific literature or commercialised by manufacturers. The technique developed here is the only one allowing to operate with a low flow rate such as 25 to 100 mL min−1 while generating a wide range of concentrations (10–1000 µg m−3) with very good accuracy.
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Yagi, H., T. Ide, H. Toyota, and Y. Mori. "Generation of microwave plasma under high pressure and fabrication of ultrafine carbon particles." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 6 (June 1998): 1724–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0239.

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A microwave plasma generator, which functions under high pressure, has been developed and used in the fabrication of fine carbon particles. The plasma generator is a two-stage-type resonator, which consists of rectangular and semi-cylindrical-type resonators which are coupled in series for torching plasma and keeping it stable under high pressure. The plasma can be torched in helium gas at 3 × 106 Pa by tuning the dimensions of apparatus elements. Fine carbon particles of ~50 nm are obtained using a mixture of helium and methane gas. The particles are found to be crystalline from the results of transparent electron microscopy and diffraction analysis.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gas mixture generator"

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Мазанка, Вероніка Михайлівна. "Кулонометричний генератор дiоксиду карбону для створення перевiрочних сумiшей." Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/34820.

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Робота апробована на Всеукраїнському студенському контурсі.
Дисертація присвячена дослідженню електрохімічної поведінки електродних матеріалів в розчинах оксалатної кислоти для контрольованого генерування діоксиду карбону з високим виходом за струмом в кулонометричному генераторі, який може бути використаний для перевірки роботоспроможності засобів моніторингу концентрації вуглекислого газу в повітряному середовищі. Показано високу стійкість неіржавної сталі в розчинах оксалатної кислоти за умов катодної поляризації та після вимкнення катодного струму. Досліджено електрокаталітичні властивості оксидів нікелю та олова, отриманих при термічному окисленні і нанесених на титанову та алюмінієву основу. Показано перевагу титанової основи перед алюмінієвою, що пов'язано з її більшою схильністю до пасивації та кращою адгезією до електролітичних покриттів. Створена комірка кулонометричного генератора, де в якості катоду виступає неіржавна сталь, а як анод – суміш оксиду нікелю та стануму нанесених термічним шляхом на титанову основу. Дана конструкція дозволяє отримувати вуглекислий газ з виходом за струмом газу 80 % в широкому діапазоні густин струму впродовж значного терміну експлуатації.
The dissertation is devoted to the study of the electrochemical behavior of electrode materials in solutions of oxalic acid for the controlled generation of dioxide by a coulometric generator, which can be used to test the operability of the means of monitoring the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air. High stability of stainless steel in oxalic acid solutions is demonstrated under cathode polarization and after cathode current shutdown. The electrocatalytic properties of nickel oxides obtained by thermal oxidation and deposited on a titanium and aluminum base were investigated. The advantage of titanium base over aluminum is shown, which is due to its greater tendency to passivation and better adhesion to electrolytic coatings. and tin. A cell of a coulometric generator is created, where stainless steel is used as the cathode and thermally applied on the titanium base as the anode. This design allows the production of carbon dioxide gas with a gas output of 80% o over a wide range of current densities over a long life.
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Савик, В. М. "Підвищення ефективності піногенеруючих пристроїв насосно-циркуляційних систем бурових установок." Thesis, Івано-Франківський національний технічний університет нафти і газу, 2013. http://elar.nung.edu.ua/handle/123456789/4642.

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Теоретично обгрунтовано й експериментально підтверджено доцільність та ефективність ціноутворення в розробленому піногенеруючому пристрої ежекційного типу із можливістю зміни його основних геометричних параметрів для необхідних режимів роботи за рахунок зміни внутрішніх конструктивних елементів. Математично описано рух газорідинної суміші в піногенеруючому пристрою ежекційного типу від соплової вставки до місця стрибка ущільнення, де проходить її перетворення в рідинно-бульбашкову суміш (пінну). Здійснено комп’ютерне моделювання потоків рідини, повітря і їх суміші при русі у розробленому пристрої. Запропоновано математичну модель, з використанням якої визначено основні параметри потоків рідини, повітря і їх суміші, при яких можна було б досягти найбільшої ефективності в процесі ціноутворення. Розроблена конструкція піногенеруючого пристрою захищена патентами України. Загальні економічний і екологічний ефекти отримуються за рахунок зменшення використання поверхнево-активних речовин на 15...25%, відмові у використанні хімічних піногасників, що дає змогу при повторному створенні ціни економити більше 50 % поверхнево-активних речовин та значного підвищення ефективності ціноутворення.
Диссертация состоит из введения, пяти разделов, общих выводов, списка использованных источников и приложений. В первом разделе рассмотрены: проблемы эффективного пенообразования, анализ условий работы циркуляционной системы буровой установки и пеногенерирующих устройств (ПГУ) при использовании пенистого раствора; конструктивные особенности, эффективность ПГУ различных типов и методы оценки их эксплуатационных параметров; работы ведущих ученых, посвященные исследованиям основных эксплуатационных параметров ПГУ; конструктивные особенности ПГУ. Определены цель и задачи исследований. Второй раздел посвящен теоретическим исследованиям процессов, происходящих при движении жидкости, газа и их смесей через внутренние элементы ПГУ. Рассмотрена математическая модель образования пены в устройстве эжекционного типа. Получены графические зависимости: относительного изменения давления, скорости движения потока и объемной газовместительности, которые происходят в скачке уплотнения, от степени аэрации при различных значениях числа Маха; числа Маха, мощности и объемной плотности потока от степени аэрации при различных значениях давления в камере смешивания и т.п. Аналитически исследован процесс пенообразования. Установлены эксплуатационные параметры ПГУ для движущейся жидкостно-газовой смеси. Теоретически исследована эффективность процесса пенообразования в зависимости от геометрических параметров ПГУ и физико-технологических параметров жидкостно-газовой смеси. В третьем разделе уделено внимание компьютерным исследованиям ПГУ эжекционного типа. Выполнено компьютерное моделирование односоплового и многосоплового ПГУ и произведен выбор их наиболее эффективных геометрических параметров. Изучен процесс движения газо-жидкостной смеси в ПГУ, определено место скачка уплотнения смеси для образования пенного потока. Построены графические зависимости необходимых давлений жидкости на входе в устройство в зависимости от прогнозированного значения давления пены при различных значения давления воздуха, с помощью которых можно подбирать необходимые режимы работы насосного агрегата и компрессора для получения пены заданных параметров. В четвертом разделе освещены результаты экспериментальных исследований разработанного лабораторно-экспериментально-промышленного образца ГІГУ эжекционного типа. Приведены задачи и методика его экспериментальных исследований. Экспериментальные исследования проводились на экспериментальной установке при изменении геометрических параметров ПГУ, а также изменении параметров жидкости, воздуха и содержания поверхостно-активных веществ в жидкости. Определены параметры ПГУ для наиболее эффективного ценообразования. Описано принцип работы предложенной конструкции ПГУ. В пятом разделе приведены результаты промышленных испытаний и исследований предложенной конструкции пеногенерирующего устройства. Данная конструкция ПГУ эжекционного типа рекомендована к внедрению. Конструкция ПГУ защищена патентами Украины. Общие экономический и экологический эффекты получаются за счет уменьшения использования поверхностно-активных веществ на 15...25%, отказе от использовании химических пеногасителей, что дает возможность при повторном образовании пены экономить более 50 % поверхностно-активных веществ и значительного повышения эффективности ценообразования.
There have been verified theoretically and confirmed experimentally the actuality and the efficiency of foamcreating in the developed foamgenerating ejection device with the ability to change its basic geometrical parameters for the desired mode of operation by changing the internal structural elements. There has been described mathematically the motion of gas-liquid mixture in foamgenerating ejection device from the nozzle insert to the place of shock wave, where it is transformed in liquid-bubble mixture (foam). There has been done the computer modeling of riuid flows, air and their mixture during the motion in the developed device. There has been suggested the mathematical model, which has helped us define the basic parameters of fluid flows, air and their mixture during which there could be achieved the maximum efficiency in process of foaming. There has been designed the construction of foamgenerating device, protected by Ukraine patents. General economic and environmental effects are obtained by reducing the use of surface-active substances by 15 ... 25%, failure in using chemical defoamers, that enable to save more than 50% of surfactants and significant increase of efficiency of foaming during the re-creation of foam.
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Ji, Xiaoyan. "Thermodynamic properties of humid air and their application in advanced power generation cycles." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Chemical and Engineering and Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4129.

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Books on the topic "Gas mixture generator"

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Yungster, Shaye. Numerical simulation of shock-induced combustion generated by high-speed projectiles in detonable gas mixtures. New York: AIAA, 1989.

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Yudaev, Vasiliy. Hydraulics. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/996354.

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The textbook corresponds to the general education programs of the general courses "Hydraulics" and "Fluid Mechanics". The basic physical properties of liquids, gases, and their mixtures, including the quantum nature of viscosity in a liquid, are described; the laws of hydrostatics, their observation in natural phenomena, and their application in engineering are described. The fundamentals of the kinematics and dynamics of an incompressible fluid are given; original examples of the application of the Bernoulli equation are given. The modes of fluid motion are supplemented by the features of the transient flow mode at high local resistances. The basics of flow similarity are shown. Laminar and turbulent modes of motion in pipes are described, and the classification of flows from a creeping current to four types of hypersonic flow around the body is given. The coefficients of nonuniformity of momentum and kinetic energy for several flows of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids are calculated. Examples of solving problems of transient flows by hydraulic methods are given. Local hydraulic resistances, their use in measuring equipment and industry, hydraulic shock, polytropic flow of gas in the pipe and its outflow from the tank are considered. The characteristics of different types of pumps, their advantages and disadvantages, and ways of adjustment are described. A brief biography of the scientists mentioned in the textbook is given, and their contribution to the development of the theory of hydroaeromechanics is shown. The four appendices can be used as a reference to the main text, as well as a subject index. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions who study full-time, part-time, evening, distance learning forms of technological and mechanical specialties belonging to the group "Food Technology".
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Book chapters on the topic "Gas mixture generator"

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Svirachev, D. M., and N. A. Tabaliov. "Plasma treatment of polymer surfaces in gas mixture." In Advanced Technologies Based on Wave and Beam Generated Plasmas, 477–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0633-9_24.

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Böhm, Sebastian, Heiko van der Linden, Albert van den Berg, Wouter Olthuis, and Piet Bergveld. "High Pressure Gas-Liquid Mixtures Generated in a Micro-Electrolysis Cell." In Micro Total Analysis Systems 2000, 611–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2264-3_143.

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Kleinman, Michael T., Robert F. Phalen, and T. Timothy Crocker. "Generation and Characterization of Complex Gas and Particle Mixtures for Inhalation Toxicologic Studies." In Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures IV, 181–91. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7849-9_15.

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Huseynova, S. A., Hokman Mahmudov, and Islam I. Mustafayev. "Photochemical Decomposition of Hydrogen Sulphide in the Gas Mixtures and Generation Molecular Hydrogen." In Black Sea Energy Resource Development and Hydrogen Energy Problems, 47–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6152-0_5.

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Yamada, T., T. Takahashi, T. Toda, and H. Okubo. "Generation Mechanism of Partial Discharge in Different Kind of Pure Gases and Gas Mixtures with SF6." In Gaseous Dielectrics VIII, 125–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4899-7_18.

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"Compound Microgrid of City-Gas Engine and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 167–97. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5796-0.ch006.

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This chapter consists of two sections, ‘Amount of CO2 Discharged from Compound Microgrid of Hydrogenation City-Gas Engine and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell’ and ‘Power Characteristics of a Fuel Cell Microgrid with Wind Power Generation’. In the 1st section, a microgrid composed from a PEFC and a hydrogenation city gas engine is investigated using numerical simulation. The system which combined base-load operation of PEFC and load fluctuation operation of hydrogenation city gas engine is the most advantageous. The independent PEFC power supply system relating to hydrogen energy is investigated in the 2nd section. The hybrid cogeneration system (HCGS) that uses a PEFC and a hydrogen mixture gas engine (NEG) together to improve power generation efficiency during partial load of fuel cell cogeneration is proposed.
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Kolanoski, Hermann, and Norbert Wermes. "Gas-filled detectors." In Particle Detectors, 171–254. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858362.003.0007.

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Detectors that record charged particles through their ionisation of gases are found in many experiments of nuclear and particle physics. By conversion of the charges created along a track into electrical signals, particle trajectories can be measured with these detectors in large volumes, also inside magnetic fields. The operation principles of gaseous detectors are explained, which include charge generation, gas amplification, operation modes and gas mixtures. Different detector types are described in some detail, starting with ionisation chambers without gas amplification, proceeding to those with gas amplification like spark and streamer chambers, parallel plate arrangements, multi-wire proportional chambers, chambers with microstructured electrodes, drift chambers, and ending with time-projection chambers. The chapter closes with an overview of aging effects in gaseous detectors which cause negative alterations of the detector performance.
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Wang, Siyuan, Peng Song, Huan Pei, Qiyu Li, and Zhibo Zhao. "Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of Ar/CH4 Coaxial DBD Discharge Characteristics." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220025.

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This paper established a one-dimensional model of a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with a single dielectric layer covering the high-voltage electrode. The mixture of Ar and a small amount of CH4 was used as working gas, the influence of different voltage amplitude on the discharge characteristics was studied by 10.0 kHz microsecond pulsed power. The simulation results show that the discharge current curve presents bipolar characteristics with different intensities are generated in a single microsecond pulse period, and the primary discharge is much intense. The discharge current, discharge power can enhance by increasing the discharge voltage amplitude. The equivalent capacitance Cg also increases, the discharge voltage has no significant effect on Cd. In the experiment, it can be observed that the number of discharge filaments in the discharge gap increases with the increase of voltage amplitude, and photoionization is formed near the anode. The result of the current experimental trend is almost the same as the simulated current.
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Maji, Chiranjit, Hirok Chaudhuri, and Saroj Khutia. "Quantitative Approximation of Geothermal Potential of Bakreswar Geothermal Area in Eastern India." In Geothermal Energy [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96367.

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Proper utilization of geothermal energy for power generation is still overlooked in India even after having enough potential as much as the equivalent to its other nonconventional energy resources. The source of geothermal energy is the decay of the radio-nuclei present inside the Earth’s crust apart from the primordial heat source. The noble gas 4He is also produced during the radioactive disintegration process. Therefore, measuring the amount of 4He gas along with some other geochemical parameters in an Indian geothermal area, the potential of the reservoir can be evaluated. Mathematical calculations relating to the radioactive disintegration to estimate the geothermal potential of Bakreswar geothermal reservoir utilizing the concept of the 4He exploration technique has been described here. The study showed that the heat (radiogenic) energy generated by the radioactive decay of 232Th, 238U, and 235U inside the reservoir was evaluated as 38 MW. This value raises to 76 MW when primordial heat is included. The detail calculations suggest that a Kalina cycle based binary power plant using ammonia–water mixture as working fluid is supposed to be installed at the identified locations with a drilling depth of about 1,100 m and the plant would be capable of delivering the power of 9.88 MW to 40.26 MW.
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Arsenio, Artur Miguel. "Intelligent Approaches for Adaptation and Distribution of Personalized Multimedia Content." In Intelligent Multimedia Technologies for Networking Applications, 197–224. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2833-5.ch008.

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Telecommunication operators need to deliver their clients not only new profitable services, but also good quality and interactive content. Some of this content, such as advertisements, generate revenues, while other contents generate revenues associated to a service, such as Video on Demand (VoD). One of the main concerns for current multimedia platforms is therefore the provisioning of content to end-users that generates revenue. Alternatives currently being explored include user-content generation as the content source (the prosumer model). However, a large source of revenue has pretty much been neglected, which corresponds to the capability of transforming, adapting content produced either by Content Providers (CPs) or by the end-user according to different categories, such as client location, personal settings, or business considerations, and to distribute such modified content. This chapter discusses and addresses this gap, proposing a content customization and distribution system for changing content consumption, by adapting content according to target end-user profiles (such as end-user personal tastes or its local social or geographic community). The aim is to give CPs ways to allow users and/or Service Providers (SPs) to configure contents according to different criteria, improving users’ quality of experience and SPs’ revenues generation, and to possibly charge users and SPs (e.g. advertisers) for such functionalities. The authors propose to employ artificial intelligence techniques, such as mixture of Gaussians, to learn the functional constraints faced by people, objects, or even scenes on a movie stream in order to support the content modification process. The solutions reported will allow SPs to provide the end-user with automatic ways to adapt and configure the (on-line, live) content to their tastes—and even more—to manipulate the content of live (or off-line) video streams (in the way that photo editing did for images or video editing, to a certain extent, did for off-line videos).
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Conference papers on the topic "Gas mixture generator"

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Hahn, R. H. S., L. B. Nascimento, and D. S. Almeida. "LOx/ethanol gas generator: investigation and development." In Progress in Propulsion Physics – Volume 11. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/eucass/201911467.

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This paper presents preliminary experimental results of a gas generator (GG) developed for research to determine the burning characteristics in mixture ratios below the stoichiometric and the validation of the chemical equilibrium software, as well as performance calculations, with own developed software used specifically in the design of this model of GG. For this work, tests were carried out at pressures below nominal operation point for an initial investigation of combustion behavior in low mixture ratio. The results show the possibility to a new analysis method which leads to development of numerical tools to investigate its behavior.
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Bartholomeu do Nascimento, Leonardo, Levi Maia Araújo, Bernardo Reis Dreyer de Souza, Iago Dalmaso Brasil Dias, Cristiane Maria de Moraes Pagliuco, and Daniel Soares de Almeida. "Combustion Efficiency Analysis on a LOx-Ethanol Gas Generator at Low Mixture Ratios." In 53rd AIAA/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-4921.

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Kim, Younghyeon, Jinwon Yun, and Sangseok Yu. "Experimental Study of Carbon Dioxide Separation From Gas Mixture by Vortex Tube." In ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17 collocated with the ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power-icope2017-3443.

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Due to the global warming, climate treaty regulations and credits have been enhanced. As a result, the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) technologies have been emerged. In this study, it is presented that is separating the CO2 from Air by vortex generator. The vortex tube is a device to separate inlet gases to hotter and colder mixture than inlet by energy separation technology. In this study, the vortex tube is applied to CO2 gas separation from air that is investigated under atmospheric temperature. Prior to feasibility experiment, transient response shows that the temperature separation is settled down in 3000 seconds. Experimental parameters of gas separation are pressures and concentrations of CO2 that is mixed with air. Results show that CO2 gas separation is proportional to operating temperature. The percentage of CO2 gas separation is 7.4 % at 3barg and cold mass fraction of 0.6. The gas separation is also affected by inlet CO2 concentration.
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Gore, Matt, Kaushik Nonavinakere Vinod, and Tiegang Fang. "Experimental Investigation of a Simulated Byproduct Fuel Mixture From the Cl-ODH Process in a Spark-Ignition Engine." In ASME 2021 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2021-67547.

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Abstract The study investigates a fuel mixture with ethane and methane as active species and a high dilution of CO2 for application in a spark-ignition (SI) engine. The simplified fuel mixture used is a byproduct of a chemical looping based oxidative dehydrogenation (Cl-ODH) process to convert ethane to ethylene. The byproduct gas mixture has a concentration of 41% CO2, 40% ethane, and 5% methane by weight along with other minor compounds. Varying mixtures of ethane and methane were selected and combined with between 42 to 46 percent by weight CO2 to evaluate the viability and efficiency of this fuel to operate in existing internal combustion engines as a means for reducing emissions and improving the process efficiency of the Cl-ODH process. An experimental test stand was built based on a 13 hp gasoline generator with modified gas induction. The engine was also instrumented for data acquisition from the engine. A gas metering and mixing system was installed to precisely control the mass of gases induced into the engine. Various instrumentation was installed on the engine to monitor in-cylinder pressure, temperature at various locations, emissions, and fuel and airflow rates. Varying loads were applied and flow rates of the gases were induced to simulate different mixtures. It was found that under a high load, the mixed gas was able to generate comparable thermal efficiency and power to gasoline. But under no load or a part load condition the indicated thermal efficiency was found to be lower than that of gasoline. Further, the mixed gas also resulted in lower CO and NOx emissions compared to gasoline. The application of this work is an alternative fuel for existing engines that with little modification can operate effectively and benefit the overall process of ethylene generation.
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Yoshikawa, Kunio. "Technical Demonstration of Distributed Power Generation From Solid Wastes." In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26148.

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An innovative small-scale gasification system for solid wastes is proposed which is known as STAR-MEET system. In this system, a fixed-bed pyrolyzer combined with a high temperature reformer using high temperature steam/air mixture is employed. From the experimental results using rubber chips as a fuel, it has been demonstrated that injection of high temperature steam/air mixture into the pyrolysis gas effectively decomposes tar and soot components in the pyrolysis gas into CO and H2, and almost dust and tar free clean reformed gas can be generated. The STAR-MEET system requires high temperature steam/air generator, and a 900C class metallic type compact heat exchanger has been successfully developed. This gasification system generates low BTU gas from solid wastes. Thus power generation experiments using a dual fueled (light oil gas and low BTU gas) small diesel engine were done using a simulated low BTU gas produced from natural gas diluted with nitrogen. Compared with light oil only driven, dual fueled engine shows similar thermal efficiency while significantly low NOx emission. Finally, power generation experiments using a complete STAR-MEET plant has been successfully done. These results demonstrates small-scale gasification and power generation system using solid wastes is quite feasible.
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Liao, Meng-Ran, Chun-Hui Dai, Can Ma, Yong Liu, Zheng-Xing Zhao, and Zhou-Yang Liu. "Numerical Study on the Two-Phase Flow for a Gas/Liquid Metal Magnetohydrodynamic Generator." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82231.

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The gas/liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator (G/LM-MHD) with the mixture of gas and liquid metal as working fluids shows a promising future due to recent development of liquid metal cooled nuclear reactors. Previous efforts on the G/LM-MHD energy conversion systems have predicted a higher efficiency than traditional thermodynamics cycle. However, most of the earlier studies focus on the conception designs, feasibility analysis and preliminary experiments, while less attention paid on some specific problems such as the bubble phenomenon in the two-phase flow. Therefore, this paper deals with numerical study on the performance characteristics of the gas/liquid metal two-phase flow in an ideal Faraday-type MHD channel, of which the geometry structure is 30 × 30 × 80 mm cuboid segmentary style. The conductive mixture fluid is composed of nitrogen as the gas phase and gallium as the liquid phase (N2/Ga). The temperature at the channel inlet is about 600 K considering the heat transfer after the mixing chamber, while the inlet velocity is around 10 m/s and gas volumetric void fraction is 50%. The external magnetic field is assumed as 4 Tesla adopting the superconducting technology, which seems essential for MHD industrial practice. Then the simulation is accomplished using a modified two-phase mixture model considering the electromagnetic influence. The simulation results show that the distribution of temperature changes much weaker than pressure and velocity, which agrees with earlier one-dimension analysis. On the other hand, the results characterizes clearly the increase of the void fraction close to the electrodes, which can explain intuitively the decrease of the power-generating capacity. Besides, the power output is predicted to reach maximum 22.5 kW while the voltage is 1.2 V and the power density can be 312.5 MW/m3 which is far beyond traditional steam turbines. This study shows a promising future of the gas/liquid metal MHD generator for the small nuclear plants and power systems.
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Kim, SooYong, and A. Slitenko. "Experimental Investigation of an Inert Gas Generator for Fire Suppressing." In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0412.

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Present study deals with experimental and theoretical performance analysis of an inert gas generator(IGG) which can be used as an effective mean to suppress the fire. The system consists of a gas turbine engine and afterburning system with injection of water, exit nozzle to produce the inert gas. It is generally known that the degree of oxygen content in the product of combustion depends on both inlet and outlet temperature of a combustor. Less the oxygen content in the combustion product higher will be the effectiveness of fire suppression. Injection of water brings additional advantages of suffocating and cooling effects which are both indespensable factors for fire suppressing. The special test rig was manufactured and experimental investigation of IGG system has been carried out. The automatic control system ensured stable operation of gas turbine engine and afterburner, water injection, fuel control and others. During the investigation the main parameters of gas turbine engine and auxiliarly systems were measured: gas temperature and pressure at gas turbine and afterburner exit, fuel flow rate, water mass flow rate, inlet air temperature, water temperature in the cooling chamber, mass flow rate, temperature and velocity of exhaust gas-steam mixture in the exit nozzle, oxygen content in the exit jet. The experimental investigation shows that developed IGG system can work very well for indoor fires but need some modifications in application to outdoor fire suppressing.
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Bonzani, Federico, Giacomo Pollarolo, and Franco Rocca. "Operating Experience of Ansaldo V94.2 K Gas Turbine Fed by Steelworks Gas." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30014.

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ANSALDO ENERGIA S.p.A. has been commissioned by ELETTRA GLT S.p.A, a company located in Trieste, Italy for the realisation of a combined cycle plant where all the main components (gas turbine, steam turbine, generator and heat recovery steam generator) are provided by ANSALDO ENERGIA. The total power output of the plant is 180 MW. The gas turbine is a V94.2 K model gas turbine dual fuel (natural gas and steelworks process gas), where the fuel used as main fuel is composed by a mixture of natural gas, blast furnace gas and coke oven gas in variable proportions according to the different working conditions of the steel work plant. The main features adopted to burn such a kind of variability of fuels are reported below: • fuel as by product of steel making factory gas (coke oven gas “COG”, blast furnace gas “BFG”) with natural gas integration; • modified compressor from standard V94.2, since no air extraction is foreseen; • dual fuel burner realised based on Siemens design. This paper describes the operating experience achieved on the gas turbine, focusing on the main critical aspect to be overcome and on to the test results during the commissioning and the early operating phase. The successful performances carried out have been showing a high flexibility in burning with stable combustion a very different fuel compositions with low emissions measured all operating conditions.
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Zouhri, Khalid. "Exergy Analysis of Combined Cycle of SOFC-Gas Turbine Using Coal-Base Syngas at Different Mixture Compositions." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2014-6670.

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Detailed analysis of exergy on the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) incorporated with a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) was conducted to explore the performance characteristics of the system. The exergy destruction and exergy efficiency were analyzed at different syngas mixture compositions by varying the compressor pressure ratio. SOFC-gas turbine system included gasifier, gas cooler, SOFC, compressor and gas turbine, combustion chamber and heat recovery system generator. Results showed that using hydrogen-enriched syngas mixture increased the net power and the exergy efficiency. The highest exergy destruction occurred at the gasifier, and combustion chamber.
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Takahashi, Shuroku, Masashi Arai, Toshiyuki Kuyama, and Manabu Kawano. "Research and Development of Swirling Flow Combustor for Low NOx." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-357.

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The development of a low NOx combustor is underway at the Advanced Material Gas-Generator Research Institute (AMG). To achieve low NOx emissions, a lean-premixed-prevaporized (LPP) swirling flow combustor was selected. There are two objectives for this combustor: a uniform fuel/air mixture coupled with well-atomized fuel for low NOx emissions, and a combustion stabilization of this new concept combustor. The spray characteristics test and the combustion test have carried out. This paper describes the evaluation of these results.
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Reports on the topic "Gas mixture generator"

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Walton, Scott, Darrin Leonhardt, and Richard Fernsler. Hollow Cathode Produced Electron Beams for Plasma Generation: Cathode Operation in Gas Mixtures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada459268.

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