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Journal articles on the topic 'Gas-liquid-solid flows'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

KAWASAKI, Koji, and Keji NAKATSUJI. "NUMERICAL EXPERIMENT OF GAS-LIQUID PHASE AND SOLID-GAS-LIQUID PHASE FLOWS." PROCEEDINGS OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING 46 (2002): 1049–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/prohe.46.1049.

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2

Douek, R. S., G. F. Hewitt, and A. G. Livingston. "Hydrodynamics of vertical co-current gas-liquid-solid flows." Chemical Engineering Science 52, no. 23 (December 1997): 4357–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2509(97)00182-6.

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3

KITAHARA, Hiroyuki, and Kunio YOSHIDA. "Flow Patterns for Gas-Liquid and Gas-Liquid-Solid Flows in a Vertical Pipe." JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW 3, no. 2 (1989): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3811/jjmf.3.145.

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4

Lee, Y. J., and J. H. Kim. "A Review of Holography Applications in Multiphase Flow Visualization Study." Journal of Fluids Engineering 108, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3242575.

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Holographic techniques are used in many fields of science and engineering including flow observation. The purpose of this paper is to review applications of holography to multiphase flow study with emphasis on gas-solid and gas-liquid two-phase flows. The application of holography to multiphase flow has been actively explored in the areas of particle sizing in particulate flows and nuclei population measurements in cavitation study. It is also recognized that holography holds great potential as a means of visualizing dynamic situations inherent in multiphase flows. This potential has been demonstrated by holographic flow visualization studies of coal combustion processes in gas-solid flows, gas-liquid two-phase critical flow measurements, and flashing flows in a nozzle. More effective and refined holographic techniques as well as efficient image processing methods are very much in need to facilitate and enhance the understanding of complex physical phenomena occurring in multiphase flows.

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5

Sassi, Paolo, Youssef Stiriba, Julia Lobera, Virginia Palero, and Jordi Pallarès. "Experimental Analysis of Gas–Liquid–Solid Three-Phase Flows in Horizontal Pipelines." Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 105, no. 4 (May 9, 2020): 1035–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10494-020-00141-1.

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AbstractThe dynamics of three-phase flows involves phenomena of high complexity whose characterization is of great interest for different sectors of the worldwide industry. In order to move forward in the fundamental knowledge of the behavior of three-phase flows, new experimental data has been obtained in a facility specially designed for flow visualization and for measuring key parameters. These are (1) the flow regime, (2) the superficial velocities or rates of the individual phases; and (3) the frictional pressure loss. Flow visualization and pressure measurements are performed for two and three-phase flows in horizontal 30 mm inner diameter and 4.5 m long transparent acrylic pipes. A total of 134 flow conditions are analyzed and presented, including plug and slug flows in air–water two-phase flows and air–water-polypropylene (pellets) three-phase flows. For two-phase flows the transition from plug to slug flow agrees with the flow regime maps available in the literature. However, for three phase flows, a progressive displacement towards higher gas superficial velocities is found as the solid concentration is increased. The performance of a modified Lockhart–Martinelli correlation is tested for predicting frictional pressure gradient of three-phase flows with solid particles less dense than the liquid.

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6

Silapov, Begench, and Iulian Nistor. "MOVEMENT OF TWO-PHASE GAS-LIQUID FLOW IN HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED PIPES." Romanian Journal of Petroleum & Gas Technology 4 (75), no. 1 (2023): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/jpgt.2023.01.06.

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"Two-phase flows are found in almost all areas of technology. For example, tubular evaporators, boiling water reactors, boiler blowdown systems, heaters, boilers, gas lift pumps, oil and geothermal wells, oil and gas pipelines, refrigerators, process pipelines, and condensers. Two-phase flows are classified as mixtures. According to the composition of the mixture are divided: (a) for single-component (or one-component) - vapor-liquid flows; (b) multicomponent - gas-liquid flows. One-component mixtures consist of the same substance in different states of aggregation. This can be not only vapor-liquid, but also a mixture of liquid or vapor with a solid phase, a water-ice mixture, or a vapor flow with ice particles, for example, in sublimation installations. Multicomponent mixtures are a combination of substances of different physical nature. These include not only gas-liquid flows, but also, for example, mixtures of air and sand, water and oil. The paper presents the main attention is paid to the movement of two-phase flows in the pipeline."

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7

Rampure, Mohan R., Vivek V. Buwa, and Vivek V. Ranade. "Modelling of Gas-Liquid/Gas-Liquid-Solid Flows in Bubble Columns: Experiments and CFD Simulations." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 81, no. 3-4 (May 19, 2008): 692–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450810348.

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8

Baltussen, M. W., L. J. H. Seelen, J. A. M. Kuipers, and N. G. Deen. "Direct Numerical Simulations of gas–liquid–solid three phase flows." Chemical Engineering Science 100 (August 2013): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2013.02.052.

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9

Hosokawa, Shigeo, and Akio Tomiyama. "Turbulence modification in gas–liquid and solid–liquid dispersed two-phase pipe flows." International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 25, no. 3 (June 2004): 489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2004.02.001.

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10

Hegab, A. M., S. A. Gutub, and A. Balabel. "A Developed Numerical Method for Turbulent Unsteady Fluid Flow in Two-Phase Systems with Moving Interface." International Journal of Computational Methods 14, no. 06 (August 2017): 1750063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876217500633.

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This paper presents the development of an accurate and robust numerical modeling of instability of an interface separating two-phase system, such as liquid–gas and/or solid–gas systems. The instability of the interface can be refereed to the buoyancy and capillary effects in liquid–gas system. The governing unsteady Navier–Stokes along with the stress balance and kinematic conditions at the interface are solved separately in each fluid using the finite-volume approach for the liquid–gas system and the Hamilton–Jacobi equation for the solid–gas phase. The developed numerical model represents the surface and the body forces as boundary value conditions on the interface. The adapted approaches enable accurate modeling of fluid flows driven by either body or surface forces. The moving interface is tracked and captured using the level set function that initially defined for both fluids in the computational domain. To asses the developed numerical model and its versatility, a selection of different unsteady test cases including oscillation of a capillary wave, sloshing in a rectangular tank, the broken-dam problem involving different density fluids, simulation of air/water flow, and finally the moving interface between the solid and gas phases of solid rocket propellant combustion were examined. The latter case model allowed for the complete coupling between the gas-phase physics, the condensed-phase physics, and the unsteady nonuniform regression of either liquid or the propellant solid surfaces. The propagation of the unsteady nonplanar regression surface is described, using the Essentially-Non-Oscillatory (ENO) scheme with the aid of the level set strategy. The computational results demonstrate a remarkable capability of the developed numerical model to predict the dynamical characteristics of the liquid–gas and solid–gas flows, which is of great importance in many civilian and military industrial and engineering applications.

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11

Zhang, Xinyu, and Goodarz Ahmadi. "Numerical Simulations of Liquid-Gas-Solid Three-Phase Flows in Microgravity." Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows 4, no. 1 (March 2012): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1757-482x.4.1.41.

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Three-phase liquid-gas-solid flows under microgravity condition are studied. An Eulerian-Lagrangian computational model was developed and used in the simulations. In this approach, the liquid flow was modeled by a volume-averaged system of governing equations, whereas motions of particles and bubbles were evaluated using the Lagrangian trajectory analysis procedure. It was assumed that the bubbles remained spherical, and their shape variations were neglected. The bubble-liquid, particle-liquid and bubbl-particle two-way interactions were accounted for in the analysis. The discrete phase equations used included drag, lift, buoyancy, and virtual mass forces. Particle-particle interactions and bubble-bubble interactions were accounted for by the hard sphere model. Bubble coalescence was also included in the model. The transient flow characteristics of the three-phase flow were studied; and the effects of gravity, inlet bubble size and g-jitter acceleration on variation of flow characteristics were discussed. The low gravity simulations showed that most bubbles are aggregated in the inlet region. Also, under microgravity condition, bubble transient time is much longer than that in normal gravity. As a result, the Sauter mean bubble diameter, which is proportional to the transient time of the bubble, becomes rather large, reaching to more than 9 mm. The bubble plume in microgravity exhibits a plug type flow behavior. After the bubble plume reaches the free surface, particle volume fraction increases along the height of the column. The particles are mainly located outside the bubble plume, with very few particles being retained in the plume. In contrast to the normal gravity condition, the three phases in the column are poorly mixed under microgravity conditions. The velocities of the three phases were also found to be of the same order. Bubble size significantly affects the characteristics of the three-phase flows under microgravity conditions. For the same inlet bubble number density, the flow with larger bubbles evolves faster. The simulation results showed that the effect of g-jitter acceleration on the gas-liquid-particle three phase flows is small.

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12

Mousavian, S. M., and A. F. Najafi. "Numerical simulations of gas–liquid–solid flows in a hydrocyclone separator." Archive of Applied Mechanics 79, no. 5 (May 20, 2008): 395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00419-008-0237-2.

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13

KOYAGUCHI, TAKEHIRO. "MULTIPHASE FLOWS IN MAGMATISM." International Journal of Modern Physics B 07, no. 09n10 (April 20, 1993): 1997–2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979293002730.

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Diversity of volcanic activities reflects various styles of magma flows. One of the most important characters of the magma flows is that they are composed of gas, liquid and solid phases (multiphase flow). Macroscopic behaviours of multiphase flows are affected by their internal microstructures including the distribution of each phase and the shape of the boundaries between the two phases. Magma segregation from partially molten rock occurs by porous flow being accompanied with compaction of the matrix rock, the macroscopic behaviours of which are governed by microscopic flows of the melt at grain boundaries and deformation of each crystal. The fluctuation of magma effusion at volcanic eruptions is explained by instability of gas-liquid two-phase flow, which depends on motion of each bubble and the ability of bubbles to coalesce. Complex features of pyroclastic flow result from a wide range of grain-size, and hence, variable settling velocities of volcanic fragments within the flow. Physical processes of these multiphase flows in magmatism are reviewed.

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14

KITAHARA, Hiroyuki, and Kunio YOSHIDA. "Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Gas Slugs Upflowing in Gas-Liquid-Solid Three-Phase Upward Flows." JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW 3, no. 4 (1989): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3811/jjmf.3.379.

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15

Wong, Chong Yau, Joan Boulanger, and Gregory Short. "Modelling the Effect of Particle Size Distribution in Multiphase Flows with Computational Fluid Dynamics and Physical Erosion Experiments." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 1615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.1615.

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It is known that particle size has an influence in determining the erosion rate, and hence equipment life, on a target material in single phase flows (i.e. flow of solid particles in liquid only or gas only flows). In reality single phase flow is rarely the case for field applications in the oil and gas industry. Field cases are typically multiphase in nature, with volumetric combinations of gas, liquid and sand. Erosion predictions of multiphase flows extrapolated from single phase flow results may be overly conservative. Current understanding of particle size distribution on material erosion in multiphase flows is limited. This work examines the effect of particle size distribution on material erosion of a cylindrical aluminium rod positioned in a 2" vertical pipe under slug and distributed bubble regimes using various water and air volume ratios. This is achieved through physical erosion experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations tailored to account for particle dynamics in multiphase flows.

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16

Huang, Ziyang, Guang Lin, and Arezoo M. Ardekani. "A consistent and conservative Phase-Field model for thermo-gas-liquid-solid flows including liquid-solid phase change." Journal of Computational Physics 449 (January 2022): 110795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2021.110795.

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17

Anweiler, Stanisław, and Roman Ulbrich. "Application of videogrammetry in the mechanics of multi-phase systems." Thermal Science 24, no. 6 Part A (2020): 3577–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200323278a.

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This paper is a description of the evolution of long-term research work on two-phase flows using parallel studies of dynamic image analysis and stochastic processes analysis. The state of current knowledge on the research of gas-solid and gas-liquid systems as well as a review of research relating to these issues are also presented. The work grants the principles of videogrammetric surveys based on stochastic analysis for a series of photographs taken with video techniques. The method applies the analysis of changes in selected features and parameters in the time domain. Especially in application to multiphase gas-liquid and solid-gas mixture flows, which are characterized by strong variabilities. Parameters such as flow patterns of the mixture were determined as time-space distributions of phase concentration, displacement velocities of separated two-phase structures, volume partitions of phases, and velocity field distributions are evaluated. The changes of certain parameters characterizing the flow in the time domain often hide more useful information. The subject of this study covers the basics of videogrammetry with a description of two-phase mixture motion for co-current flow in channels, mapping of the phase velocity field, also across the tube bundle in shell-and-tube apparatus, phase motion at the flow of a two-phase gas-liquid mixture in mini-channels, transport of liquids in air-lift pump and fluidization of solid particles.

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18

Zhu, Chao, Xiaohua Wang, and Liang-Shih Fan. "Effect of solids concentration on evaporative liquid jets in gas–solid flows." Powder Technology 111, no. 1-2 (August 2000): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-5910(00)00243-6.

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19

Zhu, C., G. L. Liu, X. Wang, and L. S. Fan. "A parametric model for evaporating liquid jets in dilute gas–solid flows." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 28, no. 9 (September 2002): 1479–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-9322(02)00038-1.

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20

Chen, Juntong, Man Ge, Lin Li, and Gaoan Zheng. "Material Transport and Flow Pattern Characteristics of Gas–Liquid–Solid Mixed Flows." Processes 11, no. 8 (July 26, 2023): 2254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11082254.

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Flow pattern monitoring of gas–liquid–solid mixed flow has great significance to enhance the quality and efficiency of material mixing, and the material transport mechanism and dynamic control strategy are faced with significant challenges. To solve these problems, a computational fluid mechanics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) coupling modeling and solving approach based on soft sphere and porous models is presented to explore material transport mechanisms. The user-defined function (UDF) is adopted to perform data communication, and the porosity of the porous model is calculated to achieve the bidirectional calculation of Eulerian fluid and Lagrange particle phases. Material transport processes of gas–liquid–solid mixed flows are discussed to explore material transport mechanisms of particle flow and the flow pattern evolution laws under the inflation control are obtained. The results show that the particles are not evenly distributed under the synergistic action of impeller rotation and inflation. The particles in the upper and lower impeller have similar characteristics along the radial direction, and there is an aggregation phenomenon in the impeller center. A certain degree of inflation enhances the macroscopic mixing process of turbulent vortices, promotes the particle suspension effect inside the container, and improves the material transport efficiency inside the mixing space. Relevant research results can provide theoretical references for the material transport mechanism, flow pattern tracking models, and energy transfer and can also provide technical support for chemical process separation, food processing, battery homogenate mixing, and other production processes.

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21

SAKAI, Mikio, Yoshinori YAMADA, Yoshinori YAMADA, and Seiichi KOSHIZUKA. "429 Numerical Simulations of Gas-Solid and Solid-Liquid Two Phase Flows by Using DEM." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2008.21 (2008): 500–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2008.21.500.

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22

Zych, Marcin. "Prospects for the application of radiometric methods in the measurement of two-phase flows." EPJ Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818001001.

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The article constitutes an overview of the application of radiometric methods in the research of two-phase flows: liquid-solid particles and liquid-gas flows. The methods which were used were described on the basis of the experiments which were conducted in the Water Laboratory of the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences and in the Sedimentological Laboratory of the Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH-UST in Kraków. The advanced mathematical methods for the analysis of signals from scintillation probes that were applied enable the acquisition of a number of parameters associated with the flowing two-phase mixture, such as: average velocities of the particular phases, concentration of the solid phase, and void fraction for a liquid-gas mixture. Despite the fact that the application of radioactive sources requires considerable carefulness and a number of state permits, in many cases these sources become useful in the experiments which are presented.

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23

Mazumder, Quamrul H., Siwen Zhao, and Kawshik Ahmed. "Effect of Bend Radius on Magnitude and Location of Erosion in S-Bend." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/930497.

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Solid particle erosion is a mechanical process that removes material by the impact of solid particles entrained in the flow. Erosion is a leading cause of failure of oil and gas pipelines and fittings in fluid handling industries. Different approaches have been used to control or minimize damage caused by erosion in particulated gas-solid or liquid-solid flows. S-bend geometry is widely used in different fluid handling equipment that may be susceptible to erosion damage. The results of a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation of diluted gas-solid and liquid-solid flows in an S-bend are presented in this paper. In addition to particle impact velocity, the bend radius may have significant influence on the magnitude and the location of erosion. CFD analysis was performed at three different air velocities (15.24 m/s–45.72 m/s) and three different water velocities (0.1 m/s–10 m/s) with entrained solid particles. The particle sizes used in the analysis range between 50 and 300 microns. Maximum erosion was observed in water with 10 m/s, 250-micron particle size, and a ratio of 3.5. The location of maximum erosion was observed in water with 10 m/s, 300-micron particle size, and a ratio of 3.5. Comparison of CFD results with available literature data showed reasonable and good agreement.

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24

Li, Bin, and Hao Qi. "The Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid-Solid Three-Phase Flow in the Disc Pump." Advanced Materials Research 320 (August 2011): 434–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.320.434.

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In this paper, the flow law of gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow was studied in the disc pump internal, established a set of numerical simulation method that calculated multiphase flows of disc pump internal. Finally the structure of the disk pump impeller was improved, and designed a new disc pump with multiple-blade structure, through numerical simulation calculation for the gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow of the disc pump internal, mastered change rule of fluid pressure and speed in disk pump internal, obtained relation curves between the different solid phase particle concentration with different gas phase concentration and the head with the efficiency of the pump. The head of the new disc pump was significantly improved by analyzing the disc pump head curve and the actual application.

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25

Eames, I. "Introduction." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 366, no. 1873 (March 18, 2008): 2095–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0028.

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Dispersed multiphase flows—the study of the individual or collective motion of a discrete (solid/liquid/gas) phase in a continuous (liquid/gas) phase—has broad implications for health physics, processes in the natural environment, new technological developments (microelectromechanical systems) and many industrial problems. Many of these processes are important in our daily activities. In this paper, a general overview of the papers in this Theme Issue is described and some of the common issues are identified.

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26

KITAHARA, Hiroyuki, and Kunio YOSHIDA. "Heat-Transfer Characteristics in Upward Three-Phase Flows of Gas-Liquid-Solid Mixtures." JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW 3, no. 4 (1989): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3811/jjmf.3.369.

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27

Zhu, Chao, Xiaohua Wang, Guangliang Liu, and Liang-Shih Fan. "A similarity model of evaporating liquid spray jets in concurrent gas–solid flows." Powder Technology 119, no. 2-3 (September 2001): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-5910(01)00262-5.

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28

Sun, Xiaosong, and Mikio Sakai. "Three-dimensional simulation of gas–solid–liquid flows using the DEM–VOF method." Chemical Engineering Science 134 (September 2015): 531–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2015.05.059.

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29

Zhang, Xinyu, and Goodarz Ahmadi. "Eulerian–Lagrangian simulations of liquid–gas–solid flows in three-phase slurry reactors." Chemical Engineering Science 60, no. 18 (September 2005): 5089–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2005.04.033.

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30

Laskovets, E. V. "Mathematical modeling of three-layer flows with evaporation based on exact solutions." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2119, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2119/1/012049.

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Abstract The stationary flow in the “liquid-liquid-gas” system in a horizontal channel with solid impermeable upper and lower walls is investigated. Mathematical modeling in each of the layers of the system is based on exact solutions of a special type of Navier-Stokes equations in the Boussinesq approximation. The processes of vapor evaporation or condensation at the liquid-gas interface are modeled using the boundary conditions of the problem. In the upper layer the thermal diffusion effect and the effect of diffusional thermal conductivity are taken into account. Examples of three-layer flows for the “silicone oil - water - air” system are given. The influence of the thermal regime at the boundaries of the system and the thickness of the upper layer on the longitudinal velocity and temperature distribution is considered.

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31

Górecka, Aleksandra Katarzyna, Helga Pavlić Skender, and Petra Adelajda Zaninović. "Assessing the Effects of Logistics Performance on Energy Trade." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010191.

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Logistics has become one of the most important economic sectors. It significantly affects the transport infrastructure and many other sectors that are crucial for the country’s development. It is the factor that also influences trade efficiency. However, the question arises if logistics performance is significant for the trade of critical goods which are energy raw products. The aim of the paper is primarily to investigate the EU energy trade flows in general and to estimate the effect of logistics performance on the international trade of energy raw products. The energy raw products are grouped into solid, liquid, and gaseous products, and separate estimates are made for their export and import. The analysis also differentiates between the trade flows, that is export and import within the EU and trade flows between EU member states and third countries. The empirical model is based on the theory of gravity model extended to include the six subcomponents of the Logistics Performance Index (LPI). The results present that: (1) the standard gravity model variables, such as GDPs of reporter and partner countries and contiguity, are successful in explaining the trade flows of solid and liquid raw energy but in case of gas products, are insignificant; (2) the results indicate that all logistics’ performance subcomponents are highly significant and show positive effects on the export of liquid energy products, while for the solid and gas products, it seems to be insignificant when the energy commodities are more complex and costly to transport and store, and therefore, contiguity, i.e., when countries share a common border, positively affects energy trade; (3) the EU imports most liquid energy products, but is generally very dependent on energy imports. EU policymakers should strive to either make more use of domestic resources or switch more to renewable energy sources.

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32

Demin, Vitaly A., and Aleksey V. Kostyrya. "DYNAMICS OF GAS-LIQUID-SOLID THREE PHASE FLOW IN SUBMERGED COMBUSTION PLANT." Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) 63 (2022): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-78-83.

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The necessity of study of the flow structure in submerged combustion apparatuses was substantiated. A three-phase flow in a laboratory plant with a submerged burner was considered. Modeling thermal mode of operation without vapor phase formation was analyzed. The conclusion was made about the dominance of laminar motion in most of the workspace and the determining significance of the gas phase influence on the structure and time behavior of hydrodynamic flows. The conclusion was made about the suitability of the developed physical and mathematical model for the numerical study of full-size devices.

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33

He, Ping, Nai Chao Chen, and Dan Mei Hu. "Study of Wake Characteristics of a Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine within Two-Phase Flow." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 811–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.811.

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The two-phase flow is addressed for the more accurate estimation of the wake characteristic for the horizontal-axis wind turbine operating in the complexly unsteady environmental states. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is implemented for performing the three-dimensional wind turbine using the simulating software tool of FLUNT. Three types of environmental states, single-phase flow, liquid-gas flow and solid-gas flow, are performed for the comparison of velocity and pressure distribution to derive the specify feature for wind turbine within two-phase flow environmental state. The calculated results shows that there has the similar evolutional tendency of velocity distribution for both single- and two-phase flows and the velocity decrement at the distance of 20 meter away from wind turbine still reach to 80% of inflow speed. But the turbine blade within two-phase flow is subject to the unsteady flow with the larger velocity gradient compared with that within single-phase flow. For the static pressure, large difference occurred in these three types of environmental state reveals that the second material in addition to atmospheres causes the prominent influence of aerodynamic force and its power coefficient. The results exhibit that wind turbine within solid-gas flow has the largest power coefficient that those within the gas and liquid-gas flows.

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34

Lou, Qin, Mo Yang, and Hongtao Xu. "Numerical investigations of gas–liquid two-phase flows in microchannels." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 3 (November 21, 2017): 466–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217740928.

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Immiscible gas–liquid two-phase flows with an initial stochastically distribution, which are driven by a constant body force in a period microchannel of [Formula: see text] in width, are studied using the lattice Boltzmann method under various conditions. Continuous dynamic behaviors of bubbles and droplets including breaking up, coalescence, deformation, and mass exchange between them are observed. The flows reach to their steady state when the rate of breaking up and coalescence are in balance, and no mass exchange occurs. The simulation results show that the steady-state flow regimes depend strongly on the viscous force, surface tension, inertial force, channel width, and wettability of the solid surface. Specially, it is found that slug flow is more probable to occur for the small channel width at the same volume fraction. And the shape of bubble in the slug flow is determined by the wettability of the solid wall. Furthermore, the shape and number of bubbles at steady state are related to surface tension, viscous force, and inertial force. It is also found that the initial bubble distributions have slight effects on the flow regimes at steady state.

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35

Robone, Andrea, Sahan Trushad Wickramasooriya Kuruneru, Mohammad Saidul Islam, and Suvash Chandra Saha. "A macroscopic particle modelling approach for non-isothermal solid-gas and solid-liquid flows through porous media." Applied Thermal Engineering 162 (November 2019): 114232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114232.

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36

Hafiz Bin Mohd Noh, Mohd, Naoki SAWADA, and Koichi MORI. "Numerical Calculation of Three Phase Flow (Gas – Solid – Liquid) of Thermal Spray Process." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.36 (December 9, 2018): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.36.28147.

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A new coupling method between the FVM (Finite Volume Method) - solution for compressible gas flows and the MPS (Moving Particle Semi-implicit) - solution for droplet deformation have been developed. This simulation of thermal spray processes covered from the acceleration until droplet substrate solidification. At the temperature of 300K, the trend of flatness result is proportional to Re0.26, which agreed well with the experimental result. The adhesive efficiency and aspect ratio are also improved under FVM + MPS calculation as compared with the calculation of MPS only.

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37

Zalucky, Johannes, Michael Wagner, Markus Schubert, Rüdiger Lange, and Uwe Hampel. "Hydrodynamics of descending gas-liquid flows in solid foams: Liquid holdup, multiphase pressure drop and radial dispersion." Chemical Engineering Science 168 (August 2017): 480–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2017.05.011.

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38

HATATE, YASUO, HIROSHI NOMURA, TAKANORI FUJITA, SHUICHI TAJIRI, and ATSUSHI IKARI. "Gas holdup and pressure drop in three-phase horizontal flows of gas-liquid-fine solid particles system." Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan 19, no. 4 (1986): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.19.330.

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39

HATATE, YASUO, HIROSHI NOMURA, TAKANORI FUJITA, SHUICHI TAJIRI, NOBUYUKI HIDAKA, and ATSUSHI IKARI. "Gas holdup and pressure drop in three-phase vertical flows of gas-liquid-fine solid particles system." Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan 19, no. 1 (1986): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.19.56.

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40

Yoshino, Masato, and Yusuke Mizutani. "Lattice Boltzmann simulation of liquid–gas flows through solid bodies in a square duct." Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 72, no. 2-6 (September 2006): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2006.05.018.

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41

Brenn, Günter, Heiko Braeske, Goran Živković, and Franz Durst. "Experimental and numerical investigation of liquid channel flows with dispersed gas and solid particles." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 29, no. 2 (February 2003): 219–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-9322(02)00133-7.

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42

Liu, Chun, Tiezheng Qian, and Xinpeng Xu. "Hydrodynamic boundary conditions for one-component liquid-gas flows on non-isothermal solid substrates." Communications in Mathematical Sciences 10, no. 4 (2012): 1027–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/cms.2012.v10.n4.a1.

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43

Baltussen, M. W., J. A. M. Kuipers, and N. G. Deen. "Direct numerical simulation of effective drag in dense gas–liquid–solid three-phase flows." Chemical Engineering Science 158 (February 2017): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2016.11.013.

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44

Zhou, L. X., M. Yang, and L. S. Fan. "A second-order moment three-phase turbulence model for simulating gas–liquid–solid flows." Chemical Engineering Science 60, no. 3 (February 2005): 647–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2004.08.034.

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45

CAVANAGH, DANIEL P., and DAVID M. ECKMANN. "Interfacial dynamics of stationary gas bubbles in flows in inclined tubes." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 398 (November 10, 1999): 225–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112099006230.

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We have experimentally examined the effects of bubble size (0.4 [les ] λ [les ] 2.0), inclination angle (0° [les ] α [les ] 90°), and tube material on suspended gas bubbles in flows in tubes for a range of Weber (0 [les ] We [les ] 3.6), Reynolds (0 [les ] Re [les ] 1200), and Froude (0 [les ] Frα [les ] 1) numbers. Flow rates and associated pressure differences which allow the suspension of bubbles in glass and acrylic tubes are measured. Due to contact angle hysteresis, bubbles which dry the tube wall (i.e. form a gas–solid interface) may remain suspended over a range of flows while non-drying bubbles remain stationary for a single flow rate depending on experimental conditions. Stationary bubbles increase the axial pressure gradient with larger bubbles and steeper inclination angles leading to the greatest increase in the pressure gradient. Both the suspension flow range and pressure difference modifications are strongly dependent upon gas/liquid/solid material interactions. Stronger contact forces, i.e. smaller spreading coefficients, cause dried bubbles in acrylic tubes to remain stationary over a wider range of suspension flows than bubbles in glass tubes. Bubble deformation is governed by the interaction of interfacial, contact, and flow-derived forces. This investigation reveals the importance of bubble size, tube inclination, and tube material on gas bubble suspension.

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46

Zhang, Xue, Kristian Krabbenhoft, and Dai Chao Sheng. "Particle Finite Element Simulation of Granular Media." Applied Mechanics and Materials 553 (May 2014): 410–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.553.410.

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Despite their ubiquity, the simulation of granular materials poses a continuing challenge in computational mechanics, as these materials can behave like solid, liquid and gas. In this paper, a recently developed version of the Particle Finite Element Method is applied for analyzing the behaviour of granular media under very large deformations. Both quasi-static and dynamic problems are considered. It is shown that this continuum approach is applicable to general large deformation problems of granular materials, including liquid-like flows.

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47

Schillaci, Eugenio, Federico Favre, Peter Troch, and Assensi Oliva. "Numerical simulation of fluid structure interaction in free-surface flows: the WEC case." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2116, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2116/1/012122.

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Abstract In this work we present a numerical framework to carry-out numerical simulations of fluid-structure interaction phenomena in free-surface flows. The framework employs a single-phase method to solve momentum equations and interface advection without solving the gas phase, an immersed boundary method (IBM) to represent the moving solid within the fluid matrix and a fluid structure interaction (FSI) algorithm to couple liquid and solid phases. The method is employed to study the case of a single point wave energy converter (WEC) device, studying its free decay and its response to progressive linear waves.

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48

Hou, Rong Guo, Chuan Zhen Huang, Jun Wang, Hong Tao Zhu, and Yan Xia Feng. "Simulation of Gas-Solid-Liquid Three-Phase Flow Inside and Outside the Abrasive Water Jet Nozzle." Materials Science Forum 532-533 (December 2006): 833–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.532-533.833.

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Simulation of the velocity field of gas-solid-liquid three-phase flow inside and outside the abrasive water jet nozzle was studied by the computational fluid dynamics software (CFD). The complicated velocity field of the flow in the abrasive water jet (AWJ) nozzle and the abrasive track in the nozzle were obtained. In the course of the simulation, the inter-phase drag exchange coefficient model uses Gidaspow model (gas-solid), Wen-yu model (water-solid), Schiller-Naumann model (water-gas) respectively. The simulation results indicate that the swirl is produced in the nozzle and the abrasives are accelerated and moved around the swirl, and they are all distributed along the inner surface of the nozzle, the gas is mostly distributed in the center of swirl. The dispersion of the flow happens when it flows out of the nozzle, it can be divided into three zones, that is core zone, middle zone and border zone. At the core zone the velocity changes little while the velocity changes greatly at the middle zone, the velocity fluctuates greatly at the border zone.

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49

TAKAHASHI, Hiroshi, Shuangke LIU, Tadashi MASUYAMA, and Isao MATSUOKA. "Experimental Study on Deposit Velocity of Gas-Liquid-Solid Mixture Flows in a Horizontal Pipe." Shigen-to-Sozai 111, no. 12 (1995): 855–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2473/shigentosozai.111.855.

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50

Li, Wenhua, Qing Zhou, Guang Yin, Muk Chen Ong, Gen Li, and Fenghui Han. "Experimental Investigation and Numerical Modeling of Two-Phase Flow Development and Flow-Induced Vibration of a Multi-Plane Subsea Jumper." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 10 (September 20, 2022): 1334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101334.

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As an essential component in the offshore oil and gas industry, subsea jumpers are likely to encounter the cyclic-induced stresses caused by the alternating movement of gas plugs and liquid slugs while transporting a multiphase mixture. The present study investigates the gas-liquid flow and the induced vibration in a multi-plane jumper by adopting experimental and numerical techniques. The flow patterns at every characteristic section of a Z-shaped jumper with an inner diameter of 48 mm are experimentally investigated, including dispersed bubbly, slug, churn, wavy, stratified and annular flows. Displacement and pressure sensors are installed near each elbow to record the vibration and pressure response of the jumper. It is found that both pressure characteristics and vibration amplitudes are highly related to the gas content rate, mixing velocity, and gas and liquid superficial velocity. The one-way fluid–solid coupling numerical simulations are performed and validated against the experimental data in terms of the flow patterns and the induced vibrations at different gas–liquid velocities. The results reveal that both simulated flow patterns and vibration responses agree well with the experiments.

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