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Academic literature on the topic 'Gas filters'
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Journal articles on the topic "Gas filters"
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Lu, Feng, Yihuan Huang, Jinquan Huang, and Xiaojie Qiu. "Gas turbine performance monitoring based on extended information fusion filter." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, no. 2 (2018): 483–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410018776398.
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Performance monitoring is a critical issue for gas turbine engine for improving the operation safety and reducing the maintenance cost. With regard to this, variants of Kalman-filters-based state estimation have been employed to detect gas turbine performance, but the classical centralized Kalman filters are subject to heavy computational effort and poor fault tolerance. A novel nonlinear fusion filter algorithm using information description with distributed architecture is proposed and applied to gas turbine performance monitoring. This methodology is developed from federated Kalman filter, and a bank of local extended information filters and one information mixer are combined with extended information fusion filter. The local state estimates and covariance calculated in parallel by the local extended information filters are integrated in the information mixer to yield a global state estimate. The global state estimate of nonlinear system is fed back to the local filters with weighted factor for next iteration. The aim of the proposed methodology is to reduce the computational efforts of state estimation and improve robustness to sensor faults in cases of gas turbine performance monitoring. The simulation results on a turbofan engine confirm the extended information fusion filter's effective capabilities in comparison to the general central ones.
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Reddy, Venkat K., and Nihal C. Rajapakse. "CARBOHYDRATE STATUS OF CUSO4 SPECTRAL FILTER-GROWN CHRYSANTHEMUM PLANTS." HortScience 31, no. 5 (1996): 745d—745. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.745d.
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The response of `Bright Golden Anne' chrysanthemum plants grown under CuSO4 spectral filters to exogenous GA3 application was evaluated to determine the relationship between gibberellins (GAs) and carbohydrate levels. The CuSO4 filters removed far red (FR) wavelengths of light and increased red: far red (R:FR), blue: far red (B:FR), blue: red (B:R) ratios, and phytochrome photoequilibrium (Ø) values of transmitted light compared to water (control) filter. Plant height, internode length, and leaf and stem dry weights were significantly reduced by light passing through CuSO4 filters in spring and summer seasons. Weekly applications of exogenous GA3 reversed the reduction in height and internode length induced by CuSO4 filters. Plants grown under CuSO4 filters responded more to exogenous GA3 application with respect to height and internode length, suggesting that the sensitivity to GA was not lowered. Light passing through CuSO4 filters reduced the carbohydrate levels, but the response varied with the season. Weekly GA3 application increased the carbohydrate levels, but did not totally reverse the reduction in carbohydrate levels under the CuSO4 filters. Although GA3 application increased the carbohydrate levels partially in CuSO4 filter-grown plants, the inhibition of GAs may not be solely responsible for reduction of carbohydrate levels under CuSO4 filters, showing that exogenous GAs and carbohydrate levels are not well correlated under CuSO4 spectral filters.
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Schwarz, Almuth D., Jörg Meyer, and Achim Dittler. "Penetration of Water-Soluble Material through Gas-Cleaning Filters." Membranes 12, no. 8 (2022): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080776.
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To predict the behavior of gas-cleaning filters during real-world operation, it is essential to understand their response to ambient conditions. The temporary presence of water droplets in gas-cleaning filtration systems due to fog, spray rain, or condensation, as examples of irregular events, has an impact on the filters’ operating performance, especially when soluble particles are present. In this work, surface filters were loaded with mixtures of water-soluble salt particles and insoluble glass spheres. These were, subsequently, exposed to water mist and dried by a particle-free gas stream. A novel approach to analyze the drainage of solution on filters with soluble filter cakes is presented, which allows the detection of solubles on the clean gas side of the filter. As a result, this work, for the first time, presents a sighting of the penetration of soluble filter cake material through gas-cleaning filters. Furthermore, filter performance, in terms of differential pressure and fractional separation efficiency, was determined and a characteristic differential pressure evolution for hydrophilic filters during exposure to water mist was also identified. The fractional separation efficiency of gas-cleaning filters decreases due to exposure to water mist. The findings are supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray microtomography (µ-CT analysis) images.
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White, L. R., T. L. Tompkins, K. C. Hsieh, and D. D. Johnson. "Ceramic Filters for Hot Gas Cleanup." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 3 (1993): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906757.
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This paper reviews the properties of high-temperature ceramic fibers and relates why strength, thermal shock resistance, chemical inertness, and high-temperature capability are important properties for high-temperature filter media. The use of candle filters, fabric filters, and composite filters will be discussed for removal of particulates from hot gas streams in electrical power generation systems, metal refining, chemical processing, and Diesel engine exhaust applications.
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Tatineni, Anuradha, Sonja L. Maki, and Nihal C. Rajapakse. "Growth Response and Carbohydrate Status of Gibberellin-treated Spectral Filter-grown Chrysanthemum Plants." HortScience 33, no. 3 (1998): 522c—522. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.522c.
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Interest in the use of non- (or less) chemical methods to reduce the height of ornamental crops has increased tremendously. Manipulation of greenhouse light quality is one alternative for plant growth regulation. We have shown that eliminating far-red light from the greenhouse environment with liquid CuSO4 spectral filters is effective in reducing the height of a wide range of plants though plant carbohydrate status is also altered under CuSO4 filter. In previous studies, application of GA3 reversed both the reduction of plant height and carbohydrate status of CuSO4 spectral filter grown plants. It has been proposed that GAs enhance the activity of the enzyme sucrose phosphate synthase to regulate carbohydrate levels. In the present study the role of exogenously applied GA19, GA1, and GA3 in overcoming the reduction of plant height and carbohydrate levels was investigated. Chrysanthemum plants were treated weekly for 4 weeks with saturating doses of GA19, GA1 and GA3 (25 μg) or the growth retardants paclobutrazol and prohexadione. GA1 was also applied with paclobutrazol and prohexadione to assess whether response to GAs is altered under CuSO4 filter. GA1 and GA3 promoted growth similarly under control or CuSO4 filter. GA19 was least effective in promoting growth under CuSO4 filter. In summary, these results suggest that gibberellin physiology is altered under spectral filters with the conversion of GA19 a possible point of regulation. The correlation between the carbohydrate status and the growth of the plants will be discussed.
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Talipova, M. V., A. V. Lyang, and N. V. Shcherbak. "Development of filter-sorbing materials for modern gas masks and respirators." FORESTRY BULLETIN 27, no. 1 (2023): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2023-1-121-133.
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The article focuses on the study of filter-sorbing materials (FSM) for the development of small-sized filters and the formation of a modern filters range for gas masks and respirators. There are various kinds of filters, namely particle filters, consisting of a filter material (FM) with protection from aerosols; gas filters, consisting of coal charge with protection from various concentrations of dangerous gases and vapors and combined filters, including anti-aerosol and gas protection. But in industry, due to the improvement of working conditions at enterprises, personal respiratory protection equipment is needed both from aerosols and from low concentrations of dangerous gases and vapors in the air of the working area. The creation of a new small-sized filter with a single filter-sorbing element with low resistance to air flow during breathing is an actual task. In order to form an assortment of modern filters for gas masks and respirators, we studied FSM in the form of polymer or glass fibers sprayed with carbon particles. An experimental series of studies based on the use of FSMs with adsorbents has been carried out, activated carbon (AC) and various absorbers were obtained by impregnation of AC. It is determined that the impregnation of AC with special additives allows for additional protection from inorganic and acid gases and vapors, from ammonia. Comparative tests of the FSMs were carried out with the analysis of the research results. Optimal FSMs have been determined. The fractional composition of coal particles is determined depending on the method of their application. The sorption properties of the obtained FSMs are determined. In this work, for the first time, the combination of a filter material with AC impregnated with chemical additives in particle filters was tested and evaluated. The effect of a combination of AC and a fibrous semi-finished product on the properties of FSM has been studied.
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Judkins, R. R., D. P. Stinton, R. G. Smith, et al. "Development of Ceramic Composite Hot-Gas Filters." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 118, no. 3 (1996): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816675.
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A novel type of hot-gas filter based on a ceramic fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix was developed and extended to full-size, 60-mm OD by 1.5-m-long, candle filters. A commercially viable process for producing the filters was developed, and the filters are undergoing testing and demonstration throughout the world for applications in pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC) and integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants. Development activities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and at the 3M Company, and testing at the Westinghouse Science and Technology Center (STC) are presented. Demonstration tests at the Tidd PFBC are in progress. Issues identified during the testing and demonstration phases of the development are discussed. Resolution of the issues identified during testing and the status of commercialization of the filters are described.
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Lu, Feng, Yafan Wang, Jinquan Huang, Yihuan Huang, and Xiaojie Qiu. "Fusing unscented Kalman filter for performance monitoring and fault accommodation in gas turbine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 232, no. 3 (2016): 556–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016682269.
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The Kalman filter is widely utilized for gas turbine health monitoring due to its simplicity, robustness, and suitability for real-time implementations. The most common Kalman filter for linear systems is linearized Kalman filter, and for nonlinear systems are extended Kalman filter and unscented Kalman filter. These algorithms have proven their capabilities to estimate gas turbine performance variations with a good accuracy, and the studies are done provided that all sensor measurements are available. In this paper, a nonlinear fusion approach with consistent diagnostic mechanism based on unscented Kalman filter is proposed, especially for gas turbine performance monitoring in the case of sensor failure. The architecture of fusion method comprises a set of local unscented Kalman filters and an information mixer. The local unscented Kalman filters are utilized to estimate health parameters of various component combinations, and the results are then transferred to the mixer for the integrated estimation of global health state in fusion structure. The consistent fault diagnosis and isolation logic is designed based on the fusion architecture and combined with the fusing unscented Kalman filter, called an improved fusing unscented Kalman filter. A systematic comparison of the generic linearized Kalman filter, extended Kalman filter, and unscented Kalman filter to their fusion filter kinds is presented for engine health estimation of gradual deterioration and abrupt fault. The studies show that the fusing unscented Kalman filter evidently outperforms the fusing linearized Kalman filter and fusing extended Kalman filter, while the fusing Kalman filters have slightly better estimation accuracy than the basic Kalman filters. In addition, the proposed methodology can reach the reliable performance monitoring with measurement uncertainty while the conventional Kalman filters collapse.
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Ganguli, R. "Data Rectification and Detection of Trend Shifts in Jet Engine Path Measurements Using Median Filters and Fuzzy Logic." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 124, no. 4 (2002): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1470482.
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Filtering methods are explored for removing noise from data while preserving sharp edges that many indicate a trend shift in gas turbine measurements. Linear filters are found to be have problems with removing noise while preserving features in the signal. The nonlinear hybrid median filter is found to accurately reproduce the root signal from noisy data. Simulated faulty data and fault-free gas path measurement data are passed through median filters and health residuals for the data set are created. The health residual is a scalar norm of the gas path measurement deltas and is used to partition the faulty engine from the healthy engine using fuzzy sets. The fuzzy detection system is developed and tested with noisy data and with filtered data. It is found from tests with simulated fault-free and faulty data that fuzzy trend shift detection based on filtered data is very accurate with no false alarms and negligible missed alarms.
10
Li, Hai Xia, and Bing Guang Gao. "Filtration Performance of Particle Removal from Gas with Ceramic Candle Filter." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 1205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1205.
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A gas-particle separation system was established to study the filtration performance where twelve ceramic filters were divided into four groups. Filters in the same group will be cleaned by pulse back-flow at once. The pressure distribution and variation during filtration and pulse back-flow washing in four group filter and along filter length was measured. The main pressure drop occurs across the filter porous wall. The pressure at filter cavity decreases from the close end to open end of the candle filter. The gas velocity magnitude inside the filter system during filtration process is generally relatively low inside the vessel. The velocity increases as the gas passes across the filter walls and enters the outlet of the filter tube.