Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gas exchange

Academic literature on the topic 'Gas exchange'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Gas exchange"

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Dueck, R. "Gas exchange." Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology 1, no. 4 (November 1988): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001503-198801040-00002.

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Dueck, R. "Gas exchange." Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology 1, no. 4 (November 1988): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001503-198811000-00002.

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Remchukov, S. S., V. S. Lomazov, R. N. Lebedinskiy, I. V. Demidyuk, and I. S. Ptitsyn. "Special Aspects of Designing High Temperature Plate Heat Exchangers for Small Gas Turbine Engines." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 3 (142) (September 2022): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2022-3-57-70.

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An increase in the fuel efficiency of small-sized gas turbine engines can be achieved by regenerating the heat of the turbine exhaust gases. A rational layout solution in this case is a turboshaft scheme, where the effective power is generated on the shaft of a free turbine, and the turbine exhaust gases are released into the environment without doing useful work. When creating a turboshaft engine with heat recovery, the concept of developing engine family on the base of unified gas-generator was considered. The concept involves the development of a modular system, where the addition or exclusion of individual large units allows changing the type of engine at minimal cost. The article presents the layout solution of a small-sized turboshaft gas turbine engine with heat recovery, developed on the basis of a unified gas-generator and using a gearbox to transfer effective power to a propeller or a rotor. A plate heat exchanger module with a corrugated heat exchange surface for a small-sized turboshaft gas turbine engine has been designed. The heat exchange matrix was developed using a complex techniques of computer-aided design, calculation and manufacture of plate heat exchangers. Some design features of high-temperature plate heat exchangers are identified, the most important of which is the non-uniformity of temperature fields in the heat exchange matrix. Taking into account the non-uniformity of temperature fields, the heat exchanger module is a collapsible structure allowing the replacement of the heat exchange matrix and providing compensation for thermal expansion of the heat exchanger elements. The designed plate heat exchanger module for a small turboshaft gas turbine engine will be manufactured and tested on the bench
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Niranjan, S. C., J. W. Clark, K. Y. San, J. B. Zwischenberger, and A. Bidani. "Analysis of factors affecting gas exchange in intravascular blood gas exchanger." Journal of Applied Physiology 77, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 1716–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.77.4.1716.

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A mathematical model of an intravascular hollow-fiber gas-exchange device, called IVOX, has been developed using a Krogh cylinder-like approach with a repeating unit structure comprised of a single fiber with gas flowing through its lumen surrounded by a coaxial cylinder of blood flowing in the opposite direction. Species mass balances on O2 and CO2 result in a nonlinear coupled set of convective-diffusion parabolic partial differential equations that are solved numerically using an alternating-direction implicit finite-difference method. Computed results indicated the presence of a large resistance to gas transport on the external (blood) side of the hollow-fiber exchanger. Increasing gas flow through the device favored CO2 removal from but not O2 addition to blood. Increasing blood flow over the device favored both CO2 removal as well as O2 addition. The rate of CO2 removal increased linearly with the transmural PCO2 gradient imposed across the device. The effect of fiber crimping on blood phase mass transfer resistance was evaluated indirectly by varying species blood diffusivity. Computed results indicated that CO2 excretion by IVOX can be significantly enhanced with improved bulk mixing of vena caval blood around the IVOX fibers.
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Castro, Mark S. "Trace Gas Exchange." Ecology 75, no. 4 (June 1994): 1192–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1939446.

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Schmidt, Gregory A. "Monitoring Gas Exchange." Respiratory Care 65, no. 6 (May 26, 2020): 729–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4187/respcare.07408.

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Prisk, G. Kim, and Susan R. Hopkins. "Pulmonary Gas Exchange." Colloquium Series on Integrated Systems Physiology: From Molecule to Function 5, no. 2 (August 23, 2013): 1–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4199/c00087ed1v01y201308isp041.

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Rothen, Hans Ulrich, and G??ran Hedenstierna. "Pulmonary gas exchange." Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology 5, no. 6 (December 1992): 831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001503-199212000-00014.

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WEST, JOHN B, and PETER D WAGNER. "Pulmonary Gas Exchange." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 157, no. 4 (April 1998): S82—S87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.157.4.nhlbi-4.

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Pesenti, Antonio, Alberto Zanella, and Nicolò Patroniti. "Extracorporeal gas exchange." Current Opinion in Critical Care 15, no. 1 (February 2009): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcc.0b013e3283220e1f.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gas exchange"

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Laurantzon, Fredrik. "Flow measurements related to gas exchange applications." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Strömningsfysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-94133.

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This thesis deals with flow measuring techniques applied to steady and pulsating gas flows relevant to gas exchange systems for internal combustion engines. Gas flows in such environments are complex, i.e. they are inhomogeneous, three-dimensional, unsteady, non-isothermal and exhibit significant density changes. While a variety of flow metering devices are available and have been devised for such flow conditions, the performance of these flow metersis to a large extent undocumented when a strongly pulsatile motion is superposed on the already complex flow field. Nonetheless, gas flow meters are commonly applied in such environments, e.g. in the measurement of the air flow to the engine or the amount of exhaust gas recirculation. The aim of the present thesis is therefore to understand and assess, and if possible to improve the performance of various flow meters under highly pulsatile conditions as well as demonstrating the use of a new type of flow meter for measurements of the pulsating mass flow upstream and downstream the turbine of a turbocharger. The thesis can be subdivided into three parts. The first one assesses the flow quality of a newly developed flow rig, designed for measurements of steady and pulsating air flow at flow rates and pulse frequencies typically found in the gas exchange system of cars and smaller trucks. Flow rates and pulsation frequencies achieved and measured range up to about 200 g/s and 80 Hz, respectively. The time-resolved mass flux and stagnation temperature under both steady and pulsating conditions were characterized by means of a combined hot/cold-wire probe which is part of a newly developed automated measurement module. This rig and measurement module were used to create a unique data base with well-defined boundary conditions to be used for the validation of numerical simulations, but in particular, to assess the performance of various flow meters. In the second part a novel vortex flow meter that can measure the timedependent flow rate using wavelet analysis has been invented, verified and extensively tested under various industrially relevant conditions. The newly developed technique was used to provide unique turbine maps under pulsatile conditions through time-resolved and simultaneous measurements of mass flow, temperature and pressure upstream and downstream the turbine. Results confirm that the quasi-steady assumption is invalid for the turbine considered as a whole. In the third and last part of the thesis, two basic fundamental questions that arose during the course of hot/cold-wire measurements in the aforementioned high speed flows have been addressed, namely to assess which temperature a cold-wire measures or to which a hot-wire is exposed to in high speed flows as well as whether the hot-wire measures the product of velocity and density or total density. Hot/cold-wire measurements in a nozzle have been performed to test various hypothesis and results show that the recovery temperature as well as the product of velocity and stagnation density are measured.
QC 20120510
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Lui, Amy M. Y. "Solvent exchange drying of gas separation membranes." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5477.

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Wolf, Samuel J., Alexander P. Reske, Sören Hammermüller, Eduardo L. V. Costa, Peter M. Spieth, Pierre Hepp, Alysson R. Carvalho, et al. "Correlation of lung collapse and gas exchange." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-176099.

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Background: Atelectasis can provoke pulmonary and non-pulmonary complications after general anaesthesia. Unfortunately, there is no instrument to estimate atelectasis and prompt changes of mechanical ventilation during general anaesthesia. Although arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and intrapulmonary shunt have both been suggested to correlate with atelectasis, studies yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, we investigated these correlations. Methods: Shunt, PaO2 and atelectasis were measured in 11 sheep and 23 pigs with otherwise normal lungs. In pigs, contrasting measurements were available 12 hours after induction of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Atelectasis was calculated by computed tomography relative to total lung mass (Mtotal). We logarithmically transformed PaO2 (lnPaO2) to linearize its relationships with shunt and atelectasis. Data are given as median (interquartile range). Results: Mtotal was 768 (715–884) g in sheep and 543 (503–583) g in pigs. Atelectasis was 26 (16–47)% in sheep and 18 (13–23) % in pigs. PaO2 (FiO2 = 1.0) was 242 (106–414) mmHg in sheep and 480 (437–514) mmHg in pigs. Shunt was 39 (29–51)% in sheep and 15 (11–20) % in pigs. Atelectasis correlated closely with lnPaO2 (R2 = 0.78) and shunt (R2 = 0.79) in sheep (P-values<0.0001). The correlation of atelectasis with lnPaO2 (R2 = 0.63) and shunt (R2 = 0.34) was weaker in pigs, but R2 increased to 0.71 for lnPaO2 and 0.72 for shunt 12 hours after induction of ARDS. In both, sheep and pigs, changes in atelectasis correlated strongly with corresponding changes in lnPaO2 and shunt. Discussion and Conclusion: In lung-healthy sheep, atelectasis correlates closely with lnPaO2 and shunt, when blood gases are measured during ventilation with pure oxygen. In lung-healthy pigs, these correlations were significantly weaker, likely because pigs have stronger hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) than sheep and humans. Nevertheless, correlations improved also in pigs after blunting of HPV during ARDS. In humans, the observed relationships may aid in assessing anaesthesia-related atelectasis.
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Frost, Thomas. "Environmental controls of air-water gas exchange." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299423.

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Edling, Peter. "Soil air : volume and gas exchange mechanisms /." Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv, 1986. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-8-54.

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Kokic, Jovana. "Gas Exchange over Aquatic Interfaces and its Importance for Greenhouse Gas Emission." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Limnologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-307792.

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Aquatic ecosystems play a substantial role in global cycling of carbon (C), despite covering only about 4% of the earth surface. They emit large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG) to the atmosphere, comparable to the amount of C stored annually in terrestrial ecosystems. In addition, C can be buried in lake sediments. Headwater systems are located at the interface of the terrestrial and aquatic environment, and are first in line to process terrestrial C and throughout its journey through the aquatic continuum. The uncertainties in global estimates of aquatic GHG emissions are largely related to these headwater systems, as they are highly variable in time and space, and underrepresented in global assessments. The overall aim of this thesis was therefore to study GHG exchange between sediment, water and air in headwater systems, from both an ecosystem perspective and at the small scale of physical drivers of gas exchange. This thesis demonstrates that carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from headwater systems, especially streams, was the main pathway of C loss from surface waters from a lake catchment. Of the total aquatic CO2-emission of the catchment, 65% originated from stream systems that covered only 0.1% of the total catchment area. The gas transfer velocity (k) was the main driver of stream CO2-emission, but there was a high variability in k on small spatial scales (meters). This variability may have implications for upscaling GHG emissions, especially when using scaled k estimates. Lake sediments only contributed 16% to total lake C emission, but in reality, sediment C emission is probably even lower because experimentally determined sediment C flux returns high estimates that are biased since artificially induced turbulence enhances C flux rates beyond in-situ conditions. When sediment C flux is estimated in-situ, in natural bottom water turbulence conditions, flux rates were lower than those estimated experimentally. Conclusively, this thesis shows that GHG emissions from small aquatic ecosystems are dominant over other aquatic C fluxes and that our current knowledge regarding the physical processes controlling gas exchange from different small aquatic systems is limited, implying an inherent uncertainty of GHG emission estimates from small aquatic ecosystems.
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Anderson, Joseph Clark. "Quantification of pulmonary gas exchange : combined effects of gas solubility and transport mechanisms /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9823.

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Demurtas, Marco. "Coordination polymers for gas storage and cation exchange." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546267.

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Mortimer, A. J. "High frequency jet ventilation : Mechanics and gas exchange." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373490.

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McKenna, Sean Patrick. "Free-surface turbulence and air-water gas exchange." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88474.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Joint Program in Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 299-312).
by Sean Patrick McKenna.
Ph.D.
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Books on the topic "Gas exchange"

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Boutilier, Robert G., ed. Vertebrate Gas Exchange. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75380-0.

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J, Piiper, and Meyer M, eds. Pulmonary gas exchange. Basel: Karger, 1986.

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Prange, Henry D. Respiratory physiology: Understanding gas exchange. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1996.

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Gasche, Rainer, Hans Papen, and Heinz Rennenberg, eds. Trace Gas Exchange in Forest Ecosystems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9856-9.

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Karlman, Wasserman, ed. Exercise gas exchange in heart disease. Armonk, NY: Futura Pub. Co., 1996.

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R, Gasche, Papen H, and Rennenberg H, eds. Trace gas exchange in forest ecosystems. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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Ventilation/blood flow and gas exchange. 4th ed. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1985.

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Dennis, Ojima, and Svensson Bo H. 1946-, eds. Trace gas exchange in a global perspective. Copenhagen K., Denmark: Munksgaard International Booksellers and Publishers, 1992.

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1953-, Boutilier R. G., ed. Vertebrate gas exchange: From environment to cell. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990.

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J, Woakes A., Grieshaber M. K, and Bridges C. R, eds. Physiological strategies for gas exchange and metabolism. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gas exchange"

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Hasan, Ashfaq. "Gas Exchange." In Handbook of Blood Gas/Acid-Base Interpretation, 1–50. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4315-4_1.

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Hasan, Ashfaq. "Gas Exchange." In Handbook of Blood Gas/Acid–Base Interpretation, 5–62. London: Springer London, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-334-7_2.

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Sertaridou, Eleni N., and Vasilios E. Papaioannou. "Gas Exchange." In Pulmonary Function Measurement in Noninvasive Ventilatory Support, 61–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76197-4_9.

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Sarnaik, Ashok P. "Gas Exchange." In Mechanical Ventilation in Neonates and Children, 25–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83738-9_3.

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Cheng, Kun-Ming, Linlin Zhang, Xiu-Mei Sun, and Yu-Qing Duan. "Gas Exchange." In Respiratory Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation, 3–33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9770-1_1.

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Graham, Brian L., Neil MacIntyre, and Yuh Chin Huang. "Gas Exchange." In Pulmonary Function Testing, 77–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94159-2_5.

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Val, A. L., and V. M. F. de Almeida-Val. "Gas Exchange." In Fishes of the Amazon and Their Environment, 70–136. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79229-8_4.

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Kimball, B. A. "Canopy Gas Exchange: Gas Exchange with Soil." In Limitations to Efficient Water Use in Crop Production, 215–26. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1983.limitationstoefficientwateruse.c14.

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Boutilier, R. G. "Respiratory Gas Tensions in the Environment." In Vertebrate Gas Exchange, 1–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75380-0_1.

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Milsom, W. K. "Control and Co-Ordination of Gas Exchange in Air Breathers." In Vertebrate Gas Exchange, 347–400. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75380-0_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gas exchange"

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Koyama, K., and Y. Asako. "Heat Exchange Characteristics of a Gas-Gas Counterflow Microchannel Heat Exchanger." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67070.

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Heat exchange characteristics of a gas-gas counterflow microchannel heat exchanger have been investigated experimentally. The microchannel has a rectangular cross section with 200 μm high and 300 μm wide. Working fluid is air. Reynolds number in the hot passage ranges from 127 to 381, and that in the cold passage ranges from 25 to 381. Temperatures and pressures at inlets and outlets of the heat exchanger have been measured to obtain heat transfer rates and pressure losses. The heat exchange and the pressure loss characteristics of the tested microchannel heat exchanger are discussed. Since the partition wall of the heat exchanger is thick comparing with the microchannel dimensions, a simple heat exchange model, the wall temperature of which is constant, is proposed to predict the heat transfer rate. The predicted heat transfer rates are compared with those of the experimental results and both results agree well.
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Dongfang Wang, J. B. Zwischenberger, and S. D. Chambers. "Artificial Gas Exchange." In 2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2005.1616433.

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Hlastala. "Airway Heat And Gas Exchange." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.595790.

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Hlastala, M. P. "Airway heat and gas exchange." In 1992 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.5761175.

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Hong, Chungpyo, Yutaka Asako, and Koichi Suzuki. "Performance of Parallel-Flow Gas-to-Gas Micro-Double-Tubes-Heat Exchangers." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12430.

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Heat transfer performance of two-stream parallel-flow gas-to-gas micro-double-tubes-heat exchangers was investigated numerically. The flow passages of the micro- double-tubes-heat exchanger are a circular tube for hot passage and a concentric annular tube for cold passage. A circular tube of r = 50 μm and a concentric annular tube of ri = 51 μm and ro = 71 μm with an identical cross-sectional area were chosen and the selected length was 20mm, respectively. Then, the partition wall is assumed to be a stainless steel tube with 1 μm in thickness. Numerical methodology is based on the arbitrary-Langrangian-Eulerian method. Computations were performed for wide flow range to find the effects of capacity ratio on the heat transfer characteristics of gas-to-gas micro-double-tubes-heat exchangers. The results are presented in form of temperature contours, bulk temperature, total temperatures and heat flux variation along the length. Also, the effectiveness and the number of transfer units approach and the estimation of the heat exchange rate were discussed.
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McDonald, A., A. Ryabinin, E. Irissou, and J. G. Legoux. "Gas Substrate Heat Exchange during Cold-Gas Dynamic Spraying." In ITSC 2012, edited by R. S. Lima, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, A. McDonald, and F. L. Toma. ASM International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2012p0237.

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Abstract In this study, the temperature distribution of the surfaces of several substrates under an impinging gas jet from a cold spray nozzle was determined. A low-pressure cold-gas dynamic spraying unit was used to generate a jet of hot compressed nitrogen that impinged upon flat substrates. Computer codes based on a finite differences method were used to solve a simplified 2-D temperature distribution equation for the substrate to produce non-dimensional relationships between the surface temperature and the radius of the impinging fluid jet, the substrate thickness, and the heating time. It was found that a single profile of the transient non-dimensional maximum surface temperature could be used to estimate the dimensional maximum surface temperature, regardless of the value of the compressed gas temperature. It was found further that as the thermal conductance of the substrate increased, the maximum surface temperature of the substrate beneath the gas jet decreased. The close agreement of the numerical results with the experimental results suggests that the non-dimensionalized results may be applied to a wide range of conditions and materials.
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Rivas, Eva, Ebymar Arismendi Núñez, Ana Tejedor, Concepción Gistau, Felip BURGOS, Salvadora Delgado, Marcelo Sanchez, Joseph Roca, and Roberto Rodríguez-Roisin. "Gas Exchange Response To Morbid Obesity." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a3637.

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Mokaddem Mohsen, S., K. Kechaou, M. Maalej, A. Chaker, N. Ben Lazreg, and S. Ben Khamsa Jameleddine. "Gas exchange after Covid-19 pneumonia." In ERS International Congress 2022 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2022.4095.

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Avran, P., A. Soudarev, B. Soudarev, and V. Soudarev. "Optimization of Design of High Pressure Compact and Light-Weight Liquid Heat Exchangers." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-202.

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Results of an experimental study with a support of DRET (France) of two designs of liquid heat exchangers made of multi-channel aluminium tubes are presented with the objective to develop a fuel-oil recuperator, compact and light (less than 3 Kg). It was demonstrated that the application of a combined approach to heat exchange enhancements using three-dimensional turbulators as semi-spherical craters and bulges on channel walls of internal paths allows to increase the specific heat output of the heat exchanger from 10.5 to 13.3 kW/kg.
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Liu, Qixin, and Zhiyong Cai. "Gas Molecular Momentum Exchange Characteristics in Nanopores." In The 15th International Heat Transfer Conference. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc15.nmm.009136.

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Reports on the topic "Gas exchange"

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Henderson, James, Tatiana Mitrova, Patrick Heather, Ekaterina Orlova, and Zlata Sergeeva. The SPIMEX Gas Exchange. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26889/9781784671013.

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Pellegrino, J. J., and P. J. Giarratano. Gas separation using ion exchange membranes for producing hydrogen from synthesis gas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7117399.

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Persily, Andrew K. Tracer gas techniques for studying building air exchange. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.88-3708.

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Gazal, Rico M., Mark E. Kubiske, and Kristina F. Connor. Leaf gas exchange of mature bottomland oak trees. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rp-45.

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Gazal, Rico M., Mark E. Kubiske, and Kristina F. Connor. Leaf gas exchange of mature bottomland oak trees. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rp-45.

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Hadjerioua, Boualem, MD Fayzul K. Pasha, Kevin M. Stewart, Merlynn Bender, and Michael L. Schneider. PREDICTION OF TOTAL DISSOLVED GAS EXCHANGE AT HYDROPOWER DAMS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1050299.

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Gauglitz, Phillip A., Scot D. Rassat, Diana T. Linn, Courtney L. H. Bottenus, Gregory K. Boeringa, C. M. Stewart, Brian J. Riley, and Philip P. Schonewill. Gas Retention, Gas Release, and Fluidization of Spherical Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (sRF) Ion Exchange Resin. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1439032.

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Alger, T. W., R. G. Finucane, J. P. Hall, B. M. Penetrante, and T. M. Uphaus. Direct Energy Exchange Enhancement in Distributed Injection Light Gas Launchers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15013536.

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Hseuh H. C. Booster beam loss due to beam-residual gas charge exchange. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1150494.

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Hang, T. Gas generation and bubble formation model for crystalline silicotitanate ion exchange columns. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/758799.

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