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Journal articles on the topic 'Gamma beam diagnostics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Borgheresi, Rita, Oscar Adriani, Sebastiano Albergo, et al. "A Characterization System for the Monitoring of ELI-NP Gamma Beam." Proceedings 13, no. 1 (2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019013009.

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The ELI-NP (Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics) facility, currently under construction near Bucharest (Romania), is the pillar of the project ELI dedicated to the generation of high-brilliance gamma beams and high-power laser pulses that will be used for frontier research in nuclear physics. To develop an experimental program at the frontiers of the present-day knowledge, two pieces of equipment will be deployed at ELI-NP: a high power laser system consisting of two 10 PW lasers and a high brilliance gamma beam system. The ELI-NP Gamma beam system will deliver an intense gamma beam w

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Cappello, G., O. Adriani, S. Albergo, et al. "Collimation and characterization of ELI-NP gamma beam." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 48 (January 2018): 1860116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194518601163.

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The ELI-NP facility, currently being built in Bucharest, Romania, will deliver an intense and almost monochromatic gamma beam with tunable energy between 0.2 and 20 MeV. The challenging energy bandwidth of [Formula: see text]0.5% will be adjusted through the collimation system, while the main beam parameters will be measured through a devoted gamma-beam characterization system.[Formula: see text] The gamma-beam characterization system, designed by the EuroGammaS collaboration, consists of four elements: a Compton spectrometer that measures the gamma energy spectrum; a sampling calorimeter for

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ROUDSKOY, I. V., A. A. GOLUBEV, A. D. FERTMAN, et al. "Gamma radiation measurements as a diagnostic tool of beam-induced dense plasmas." Laser and Particle Beams 23, no. 4 (2005): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303460505072x.

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The paper presents the first experimental results obtained by using new gamma-quantum diagnostics for ion beam induced high energy density matter. Registration of γ-quantum output from the region of beam-target interaction with time resolution enables to pick-up information on density evolution of the target even if the ionization state of matter involved is unknown.

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Ogawa, K., S. Sangaroon, L. Y. Liao, et al. "Gamma ray diagnostics for high time resolution measurement in large helical device." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 09 (2023): P09024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/09/p09024.

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Abstract A 1-inch LaBr3:Ce gamma ray scintillation detector, characterized by high time and energy resolution, was installed to advance energetic particle physics studies in Large Helical Device (LHD). We reduced the size of the scintillator from 3 inches to 1 inch to reinforce the radiation shielding to reduce the unwanted signal in the detector induced by fast neutrons and stray gamma rays according to the commissioning results. The radiation shielding composed of 10% borated polyethylene and lead was redesigned to suppress the gamma-ray induced signal based on the Monte Carlo three-dimensio

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Quarta, Gianluca, Lucio Calcagnile, and Massimo Vidale. "Integrating Non-Destructive Ion Beam Analysis Methods and AMS Radiocarbon Dating for the Study of Ancient Bronze Statues." Radiocarbon 54, no. 3-4 (2012): 801–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200047457.

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Analytical methods based on particle accelerators are widely used in cultural heritage diagnostics and archaeological sciences from the absolute dating of organic materials by means of radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to the analysis of the elemental composition of a wide range of materials (metals, obsidians, pottery) via ion beam analysis (IBA) techniques. At CEDAD (Centre for Dating and Diagnostics), the accelerator facility of the University of Salento, AMS 14C dating and PIXE (particle-induced X-ray emission)-PIGE (particle-induced gamma-ray emission) compositional analysis

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Schillaci, Francesco, Lorenzo Giuffrida, Maksym Tryus, et al. "The ELIMAIA Laser–Plasma Ion Accelerator: Technological Commissioning and Perspectives." Quantum Beam Science 6, no. 4 (2022): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/qubs6040030.

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We report on the technological commissioning of the Laser–Plasma Ion Accelerator section of the ELIMAIA user beamline at the ELI Beamlines facility in the Czech Republic. The high-peak, high-average power L3-HAPLS laser system was used with an energy of ~10 J and pulse duration of ~30 fs on target, both in single-pulse and high repetition-rate (~0.5 Hz) mode. The laser pulse was tightly focused to reach ultrahigh intensity on target (~1021 W/cm2) and sustain such laser–plasma interaction regime during high repetition-rate operations. The laser beam, ion beam, and laser–plasma emission were mon

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Ton, N. D. Ton, B. D. Linh Linh, and Q. T. Pham Pham. "Dosimetric characteristics of 6 MV photons from TrueBeam STx medical linear accelerator: simulation and experimental data." Nuclear Science and Technology 9, no. 2 (2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v9i2.51.

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A TrueBeam STx is one of the most technologically advanced linear accelerators forradiotherapy and radiosurgery. The Monte Carlo simulation widely used in many applications in various fields such as nuclear physics, astrophysics, particle physics, and medicine. The Geant4/GATE Monte Carlo toolkit is developed for the simulation in imaging diagnostics, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, and radiation biology to more accurately predict beam radiation dosimetry. In this work, we present the simulation results of the dosimetric characteristics of a 6 MV photon beam of TrueBeam STx medical LINAC using

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Drago, Alessandro, Simone Bini, Mariangela Cestelli Guidi, Augusto Marcelli, Valerio Bocci, and Emanuele Pace. "A proposal for a fast infrared bursts detector." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 05 (2024): P05027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/05/p05027.

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Abstract The gravitational wave GW170817 from a binary neutron star merger and the simultaneous electromagnetic detection of the GRB170717A by Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope, opened a new era in the multi-messenger astronomy. Furthermore, the GRBs (Gamma-Ray Bursts) and the mysterious FRBs (Fast Radio Bursts) have sparked interest in the development of new detectors and telescopes dedicated to the time-domain astronomy across the electromagnetic spectrum. Time-domain astronomy aims to acquire fast astronomical bursts in temporal range between a few seconds down to 1 ns. Fast InfraRed Bursts (

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Teterev, Yu G., G. Kaminski, Thanh Huong Phi, and E. Kozik. "Ionization beam profile monitor for operation under hard environmental conditions." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 12, no. 1 (2011): 98–103. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2011.01.098.

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The design and the performance of the Ionization Beam Profile Monitor (IBPM) operating on the residual gas ionization principle are described. The main advantage of the constructed device is the non-contact measuring method. Operating under hard environmental conditions it delivers the information about the primary beam position, profile and intensity in "on-line" regime. It was tested under high gamma and neutron radiation conditions and changing vacuum using a range of low and intermediate energy beams at the beam current of a few nA to 15 μA. The diagnostic box was located in the vicinity o

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Onischuk, H. A., Yu A. Kurachenko, and Yu G. Zabaryansky. "Photoneutrons for Radiation Therapy and Radionuclide Production." KnE Engineering 3, no. 3 (2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/keg.v3i3.1605.

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The possibility of organizing neutron therapy with a photoneutron beam produced by the electron accelerator target, and ensuring the required dose at the tumor at a reasonable exposure time and with minimal impact on patients investigated. Generation of neutrons from the target of electron accelerator takes place in two stages: e- ® γ ® n, and in the selected electron energy range of 20-100 MeV, the bremsstrahlung gamma radiation in many times (~ 3 orders of magnitude) offers more than “useful” neutron yield. This raises the problem of the selective control of the “harmful” for radiotherapy se

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Cappello, Salvatore, Calogero Pace, Aldo Parlato, Salvatore Rizzo, and Elio Tomarchio. "Gamma-ray irradiation tests of CMOS sensors used in imaging techniques." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 29, suppl. (2014): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp140ss14c.

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Technologically-enhanced electronic image sensors are used in various fields as diagnostic techniques in medicine or space applications. In the latter case the devices can be exposed to intense radiation fluxes over time which may impair the functioning of the same equipment. In this paper we report the results of gamma-ray irradiation tests on CMOS image sensors simulating the space radiation over a long time period. Gamma-ray irradiation tests were carried out by means of IGS-3 gamma irradiation facility of Palermo University, based on 60Co sources with different activities. To reduce the do

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Peach, Ken, and Carl Ekdahl. "Particle Beam Radiography." Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology 06 (January 2013): 117–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793626813300065.

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Particle beam radiography, which uses a variety of particle probes (neutrons, protons, electrons, gammas and potentially other particles) to study the structure of materials and objects noninvasively, is reviewed, largely from an accelerator perspective, although the use of cosmic rays (mainly muons but potentially also high-energy neutrinos) is briefly reviewed. Tomography is a form of radiography which uses multiple views to reconstruct a three-dimensional density map of an object. There is a very wide range of applications of radiography and tomography, from medicine to engineering and secu

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Andreev, N. E., I. R. Umarov, and V. S. Popov. "Intense Laser Sources of Gamma Radiation and Neutrons Based on High-Current Beams of Super-Ponderomotive Electrons." Поверхность. Рентгеновские, синхротронные и нейтронные исследования, no. 8 (August 1, 2023): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s1028096023070026.

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Intense beams of photons and neutrons in the MeV energy range are effective tools in many areas of research, such as diagnostics of matter in extreme states, nuclear physics and materials science, as well as in medical and biophysical applications. A concept is presented for creating efficient sources of γ-radiation and neutrons, based on the generation of relativistic electrons in the direct laser acceleration mode during the interaction between a laser pulse with an intensity of 1019 W/cm2 and extended plasma with a density close to critical.

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Hassan, Sajad Kareem Khalaf, Sajad Riad Kiridi Hajm, Muntazir Kazim Eabd Alamir Hasuwn, and Zahraa Jasim Mohammed. "DISEASES THAT ARE DIAGNOSED AND TREATED BY X-RAYS AND GAMMA RAYS." European Journal of Medical Genetics and Clinical Biology 1, no. 7 (2024): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.61796/jmgcb.v1i7.713.

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rays have long been one of the most effective tools in detecting and diagnosing diseases because of their effective and practical properties in diagnosing the various diseases that appear in the x-ray image. Diagnostic x- rays are considered an examination carried out using To see the internal anatomy of the body Accurately and pinpoint the tiny spots. The x-ray beam passes through the body, and is absorbed in different quantities, depending on the absorption capacity of the material. Dense materials such as bones and metal appear in white in the x-ray image, while air in the lungs appears in

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Trofin, Ana-Maria, Călin Gh Buzea, Răzvan Buga, et al. "Predicting Tumor Dynamics Post-Staged GKRS: Machine Learning Models in Brain Metastases Prognosis." Diagnostics 14, no. 12 (2024): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14121268.

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This study assesses the predictive performance of six machine learning models and a 1D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in forecasting tumor dynamics within three months following Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in 77 brain metastasis (BM) patients. The analysis meticulously evaluates each model before and after hyperparameter tuning, utilizing accuracy, AUC, and other metrics derived from confusion matrices. The CNN model showcased notable performance with an accuracy of 98% and an AUC of 0.97, effectively complementing the broader model analysis. Initial findings highlighted that XGBoost s

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Darmawati, Suzie, Sunarto Sunarto, Hanna Yasmine, and Sigit Santosa. "An overview of the applicability of SNI IEC 61331-1:2016 on Lead apron for medical use." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2328, no. 1 (2022): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2328/1/012002.

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Abstract The use of lead apron for radiation protection is regulated under the Indonesia Nuclear Regulatory Agency (BAPETEN) Decree no. 8 year 2011 about Radiation Safety and the Use of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiological X-Ray Machine. It listed the apron specifications are as follows: having thickness equivalent to 0.2 mm Pb or 0.25 mm Pb for diagnostic use and equivalent to 0.35 mm Pb or 0.5 mm Pb for interventional use. Further, National Standardization Agency (BSN) had issued SNI IEC 61331-1:2016, providing guidance for testing the plate materials on the apron using 400 kV x-ray ma

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Dispenza, Clelia, Daniela Giacomazza, and Mats Jonsson. "Micro- to Nanoscale Bio-Hybrid Hydrogels Engineered by Ionizing Radiation." Biomolecules 11, no. 1 (2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11010047.

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Bio-hybrid hydrogels consist of a water-swollen hydrophilic polymer network encapsulating or conjugating single biomolecules, or larger and more complex biological constructs like whole cells. By modulating at least one dimension of the hydrogel system at the micro- or nanoscale, the activity of the biological component can be extremely upgraded with clear advantages for the development of therapeutic or diagnostic micro- and nano-devices. Gamma or e-beam irradiation of polymers allow a good control of the chemistry at the micro-/nanoscale with minimal recourse to toxic reactants and solvents.

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Paternò, Gianfranco, Paolo Cardarelli, Mauro Gambaccini, and Angelo Taibi. "Dual-Energy X-ray Medical Imaging with Inverse Compton Sources: A Simulation Study." Crystals 10, no. 9 (2020): 834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10090834.

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It has been long recognized that dual-energy imaging could help to enhance the detectability of lesions in diagnostic radiology, by removing the contrast of surrounding tissues. Furthermore, X-ray attenuation is material specific and information about the object constituents can be extracted for tissue characterisation, i.e., to assess whether lesions represent a malignant or benign process. However, a true separation between the low and high energy components is not possible with conventional sources because of their broad X-ray spectrum, and the artifacts produced in the subtracted image can

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Skliarova, Hanna, Sara Cisternino, Gianfranco Cicoria, Mario Marengo, and Vincenzo Palmieri. "Innovative Target for Production of Technetium-99m by Biomedical Cyclotron." Molecules 24, no. 1 (2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24010025.

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Technetium-99m (99mTc) is the most used radionuclide worldwide in nuclear medicine for diagnostic imaging procedures. 99mTc is typically extracted from portable generators containing 99Mo, which is produced normally in nuclear reactors as a fission product of highly enriched Uranium material. Due to unexpected outages or planned and unplanned reactor shutdown, significant 99mTc shortages appeared as a problem since 2008 The alternative cyclotron-based approach through the 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc reaction is considered one of the most promising routes for direct 99mTc production in order to mitigate p

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Freitas, M. B., F. H. M. Medeiros, and Elisabeth M. Yoshimura. "Detection Properties of CdZnTe Semiconductor for Diagnostic X-Ray Spectroscopic Applications." Materials Science Forum 480-481 (March 2005): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.480-481.53.

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Currently, many semiconductor compounds, particularly Cd1-xZnxTe, have attracted attention for applications in detection of radiation, due to the very good resolution without cryogenic cooling (a 1.3 keV-FWHM at the 122 keV line from 57Co is reported for some detectors). In this study the properties of a zinc doped cadmium telluride detector mounted on a thermoelectric cooler (Amptek Inc., model XR-100T-CZT) were studied. The detection system is based on a Cd0.9Zn0.1Te crystal of 3x3x2 mm, which operates at approximately -21°C and uses a rise time discrimination (RTD) circuit to improve the en

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Snyder, Matthew Harrison, Julian K. Wu, and Adel M. Malek. "370 Enhanced Detection of Angiographically Occult Micro-Arteriovenous Malformations Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography." Neurosurgery 71, Supplement_1 (2025): 89. https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000003360_370.

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INTRODUCTION: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) may cause intracranial hemorrhaging and are usually identifiable by either non-invasive vascular imaging, such as computed tomography angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), or with 2- and 3-dimensional angiography. However, some rare micro-AVMs (<1cm) are not visible on standard angiography. METHODS: We identified all patients undergoing diagnostic angiography for suspected brain AVM. Imaging was reviewed and cases were identified in which a micro-AVM was diagnosed exclusively on CBCT without visibility on non-invasive ima

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Kang, Yun-Jeong, Heechul Park, Sung-Bae Park та ін. "High Procalcitonin, C-Reactive Protein, and α-1 Acid Glycoprotein Levels in Whole Blood Samples Could Help Rapid Discrimination of Active Tuberculosis from Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Healthy Individuals". Microorganisms 10, № 10 (2022): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10101928.

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Tuberculosis (TB) management is important for prompt discrimination of latent TB infection (LTBI) from active TB and proper treatment. Whole blood Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA) is used to diagnose LTBI based on the secretion of IFN-γ by T-cells in the whole blood by using a specific antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the ability of IGRA to distinguish active TB from LTBI is considerably limited. Distinguishing active TB from LTBI is necessary to identify indicators that can be used to effectively manage TB and develop diagnostic methods. In the present study, we us

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Sharifishoshtari, Sanaz, Mansour Jafarzadeh, and Saeed Ansari. "In vitro diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography with variable gamma values for detection of vertical root fractures in teeth with prefabricated metal posts." Dental Research Journal 19, no. 1 (2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.336692.

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Matsui, HIrofumi. "Abstract 1106: A novel cancer therapy using proton beam; an integrated proton dynamic therapy, iPDT." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1106.

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Abstract A super-aged society, the prime example of which is Japan, is being flooded with increasing in numerous numbers of aged cancer patients, who often take anti-coagulant medicines to prevent the attacks of ischemic heart diseases and/or strokes. Since they show bleeding tendency induced by the medicines, it’s hard for them to receive surgical operations. Thus, low invasive cancer treatments without bleedings are abundantly desired. In this study, the applicant will establish a new proton therapy, in which a resonance nuclear reaction (RNR) induced by collision of a proton with a stable n

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Matsui, Hirofumi, Takafumi Ikeda, Iwane Suzuki, and Yasushi Iwata. "A New Cancer Therapy with a Resonance Nuclear Reaction between ¹⁵n-5-ALA and Proton Beam: iPDT." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 15 (2023): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01151429mtgabs.

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A super-aged society, the prime example of which is Japan, is being flooded with increasing in numerous numbers of aged cancer patients, who often take anti-coagulant medicines to prevent the attacks of ischemic heart diseases and/ or strokes. Since they have diseases with bleeding tendency induced by the medicines, it’s hard for them to receive surgical operations. Thus, low invasive cancer treatments without bleedings are abundantly desired. In this study, the applicant will establish a new proton therapy, in which a resonance nuclear reaction (RNR) induced by collision of a proton with a st

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Matsui, Hirofumi. "A Novel Cancer Therapy Using Proton Beam: An Integrated Proton-Dynamic Therapy, iPDT." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 14 (2024): 1116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-01141116mtgabs.

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[Background and Aims] A super-aged society, the prime example of which is Japan, is being flooded with increasing in numerous numbers of aged cancer patients, who often take anti-coagulant medicines to prevent the attacks of ischemic heart diseases and/ or strokes. Since they show bleeding tendency induced by the medicines, it’s hard for them to receive surgical operations. Thus, low invasive cancer treatments without bleedings are abundantly desired. In this study, the applicant will establish a new proton therapy, in which a resonance nuclear reaction (RNR) induced by collision of a proton w

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Luong, Amber, Laurie S. Davis, and Bradley F. Marple. "Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis Adults Express a Th2 Cytokine Response to Fungal Antigens." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 23, no. 3 (2009): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3311.

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Background The etiology of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) remains controversial. Initially thought to represent an immunoglobulin E (IgE)–mediated hypersensitivity to fungal antigens, additional data have implicated other non-IgE and cellular-mediated pathways. The aim of this study was to characterize T-helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses of blood lymphocytes from AFRS patients by fungal antigen stimulation to help differentiate these possible pathways. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from AFRS patients (n = 10) and healthy controls (HCs; n = 11) we

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Hebert, Nicolas, Erica B. Esrick, Myriam Armant, et al. "Effects of BCL11A Shmir-Induced Post-Transcriptional Silencing on Distributions of HbF in Single-RBCs and Reticulocytes." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (2021): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-150186.

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Abstract NH and EE equally contributed. ADW and PB co-signed. The expression of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is one of the main targets of sickle cell disease treatment, as it inhibits the polymerization of hemoglobin S. The hypothesis of an inhibitory threshold of HbF per red blood cell (RBC) has been suggested, 1 although not well defined, as the overall percentage of HbF does not reflect the heterogeneous distribution of HbF per cell. Likewise, the qualitative analysis of RBCs containing HbF, called F cells, is neither reproducible nor clinically interpretable, due to low expression. 2 We have de

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Jiménez-Ortega, Rogelio F., Ricardo Alejandre-Aguilar, Nancy Rivas, Fausto Sánchez, Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz, and Martha A. Ballinas-Verdugo. "Ninoa T. cruzi Strain Modifies the Expression of microRNAs in Cardiac Tissue and Plasma During Chagas Disease Infection." Pathogens 13, no. 12 (2024): 1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13121127.

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Background: Chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy is the most severe clinical manifestation of Chagas disease, which affects approximately seven million people worldwide. Latin American countries bear the highest burden, with the greatest morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, diagnostic methods do not provide information on the risk of progression to severe stages of the disease. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as promising tools for monitoring the progression of Chagas disease. This study aimed to analyze the expression profiles of the miRNAs miR-1, miR-16, miR-208, and miR-208b

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Ozerskyi, Kostiantyn, Andrii Pustovyi, and Volodymyr Skliarov. "Experimental study of dosimetric properties of thermoluminescent powder TLD-100." Ukrainian Metrological Journal, no. 3 (October 18, 2023): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24027/2306-7039.3.2023.291964.

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The creation of a scientifically substantiated quality assurance system for dosimetry and the optimization of medical exposure of the population of Ukraine during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (and the possibility of dosimetric control and monitoring of emergency situations) falls within the field of the application of ionizing radiation sources (IRs). Trends in modern medicine in most countries, including Ukraine, prove a continued increase in the share of medical exposure. The main requirements and recommendations for the use of IRs for medical purposes while ensuring the radiation s

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Petringa, G., V. Kantarelou, R. Catalano, et al. "CR-39 track detector calibration with H and He beams for applications in the p-¹¹B fusion reaction." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 04 (2024): C04044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/04/c04044.

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Abstract The 11B(p,α)2α reaction, generating three alpha particles, emerges as a promising alternative or complementary route for clean and efficient energy generation. A comprehensive understanding of reaction dynamics, energy distribution of emitted particles, and optimization of fusion efficiency requires precise diagnostic methods. CR39 detectors, being highly sensitive to ions and neutrons while remaining transparent to low fluxes of electrons and gammas, are extensively utilized as primary Solid State Nuclear Track Detector devices in laser-plasma environments. This study presents the CR

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Borhanjoo, Panid, Navneet Singh, Sridesh Nath, et al. "Systemic inflammation and protease profile of Afro-Caribbean patients with sepsis." SAGE Open Medicine 9 (January 2021): 205031212110125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121211012521.

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Objectives: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality within the healthcare system and remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. A major issue in the diagnosis of sepsis is understanding the pathophysiologic mechanism, which revolves around host immune system activation and dysregulated responses. African Americans are more likely to experience severe sepsis with higher mortality rates compared to the general population. This pilot study characterized multiple inflammatory markers and proteases in plasma of primarily African American and Afro-Caribbean patients with

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Reddy, V. B., D. K. Oelschlager, J. S. Nolan, et al. "Cytokine expression profiles of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) detected by multiplex assay." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (2007): 18530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.18530.

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18530 Background: To determine the cytokine expression profiles of patients with AML and NHL using a sensitive bead-based Luminex multiplex assay in a routine clinical diagnostic setting. Methods: Blood (plasma/serum) samples were collected from ten AML and five NHL patients. Six control samples from patients diagnosed as non-neoplastic/non-autoimmune/non-inflammatory were also analyzed for comparison. All samples were frozen prior to analysis. Using a bead-based Luminex assay (Human Cytokine 8-Plex Assay, Bio- Rad, Hercules, CA) we analyzed these samples for a panel of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4,

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Nguyen, HD, A. Allaire, P. Diamandis, M. Bisaillon, MS Scott, and M. Richer. "A Machine Learning Analysis of TCGA Expression Data to Finding Signatures for “Normal-Like” IDH-WT Diffuse Gliomas with a Longer Survival." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 48, s1 (2021): S2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2021.88.

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Classification of primary CNS tumours is currently achieved by complementing histologic analysis with molecular information, in accordance with the WHO guidelines, and aims at providing accurate prognosis and optimal patient management. cIMPACT-NOW update 3 now recommends grading diffuse IDH-wild type astrocytomas as grade IV glioblastomas if they bear one or more of the following molecular alterations: EGFR amplification, TERT promoter mutation, and whole-chromosome 7 gain combined with chromosome 10 loss. In this reanalysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) glioma expression datasets, we ide

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Solodiannykova, O. I., Ya V. Kmetyuk, V. V. Danylenko, and H. H. Sukach. "Radionuclide monitoring of targeted therapy of iodine-negative differentiated thyroid cancer." Український радіологічний та онкологічний журнал 29, no. 1 (2021): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46879/ukroj.1.2021.141-155.

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Background. Current management of treating iodine-negative metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer has its features. In recent years, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (sorafenib, sunitinib) have been registered and indicated to treat refractory forms of differentiated thyroid cancer in Ukraine. However, there were only few studies dealing with cytologic aspects of predicting radioiodine resistance of papillary thyroid cancer, development of radionuclide monitoring and diagnostic algorithm to detect relapses and metastases in patients with iodine-negative forms of differentiated thyroid cancer. A

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Quevedo-Martínez, Jonathan Uriel, Yonathan Garfias, Joanna Jimenez, Osvaldo Garcia, Diana Venegas, and Victor Manuel Bautista de Lucio. "Pro-inflammatory cytokine profile is present in the serum of Mexican patients with different stages of diabetic retinopathy secondary to type 2 diabetes." BMJ Open Ophthalmology 6, no. 1 (2021): e000717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000717.

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AimIt’s been reported that pro-inflammatory cytokines are elevated in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR); this may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease. The aim of this study is to measure the concentration of various inflammatory cytokines from the main CD4+ T helper inflammatory responses in blood serum from Mexican patients with DR in different stages using cytometric bead array (CBA) technology and correlate them with the presence and severity of DR in order to find possible DR biomarkers that serve as diagnostic or therapeutic predictors.Methods64 subjects were included i

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Liew, Yun Khoon, Rukman Awang Hamat, Alex van Belkum, Pei Pei Chong, and Vasanthakumari Neela. "Comparative Exoproteomics and Host Inflammatory Response in Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, Bacteremia, and Subclinical Colonization." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 22, no. 5 (2015): 593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00493-14.

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ABSTRACTThe exoproteome ofStaphylococcus aureuscontains enzymes and virulence factors that are important for host adaptation. We investigated the exoprotein profiles and cytokine/chemokine responses obtained in three differentS. aureus-host interaction scenarios by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DGE) and two-dimensional immunoblotting (2D-IB) combined with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and cytometric bead array techniques. The scenarios includedS. aureusbacteremia, skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), and healthy carriage. By the 2-DGE approach, 12 exoproteins (the chapero

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Stefanache, Alina, Cozmin Mihai, Ionut Iulian Lungu, et al. "Evolution and Applications of Radiopharmaceuticals in Nuclear Dentistry: A Comprehensive Overview." Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 16, no. 1 (2024): 628–36. https://doi.org/10.62610/rjor.2024.1.16.61.

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Aim of the Study: Radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear dentistry represent a dynamic field, contributing significantly to the evolution of restorative dentistry. This comprehensive overview focuses on the advancements and applications of these radiopharmaceuticals, aiming to elucidate their role in modern dental practices. Nuclear Medicine (NM) imaging has emerged as a crucial tool for early disease diagnosis in recent decades, complementing conventional imaging modalities in the head and neck region. While conventional techniques like radiographs, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), and Computed

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Lee, Jongmin, Ricardo Carreon, Pavel Trtik, Markus Strobl, and Pierre Boillat. "Framework for Processing Neutron Radiography of Operando Electrochemical Devices." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 40 (2025): 2101. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01402101mtgabs.

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Neutron imaging is an invaluable operando diagnostic tool for electrochemical devices. Over the last two decades, major advancements in neutron imaging methods have been achieved: high spatial resolution below 10 µm, wavelength-resolved imaging, polarized imaging, and grating interferometry. Despite these advances, the primary request for neutron imaging remains conventional time-series radiography for laboratory and industrial cells (5-300 cm² active area), due to its ability to capture dynamic processes and transient phenomena in real time. The information that can be extracted from radiogra

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Manasanch, Elisabet E., Guangchun Han, Zheng Zhang, et al. "Extensive Changes of the Immune Microenvironment Are Associated with Progression from Precursor Stages to Multiple Myeloma." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-137555.

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Myeloma precursors (monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) and smoldering myeloma (SMM)) precede the development of active multiple myeloma. Understanding the genomic and immune mechanisms that underlie transformation to MM may be key to identifying a successful therapy. To this end, we designed a prospective observational study of MGUS/SMM patients to identify genomic, immunological, and clinical parameters that may predict disease progression, and to recognize potential therapeutic targets for MGUS and SMM patients at high-risk of progression. From December 2015 until April 201

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Demirhan, Osman. "Genotoxic Effects of Radiofrequency-Electromagnetic Fields." Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Sciences 1, no. 1 (2021): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.55124/jtes.v1i1.50.

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Genotoxic Effects of Radiofrequency-Electromagnetic Fields. IntroductionRadiation is energy emission in the form of electromagnetic waves emitted from the solar system and natural resources on earth. The currents produced by the elementary particles formed by the electric current create the magnetic field. Earth's surface is under the influence of the geomagnetic field emanating from the sun. However, the outer liquid also has a magnetic field created as a result of heat transfer in the core. Therefore, all living organisms on earth live under the influence of electromagnetic fields (EMF

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"Energetic particles in solar flares: theory and diagnostics." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Physical and Engineering Sciences 336, no. 1643 (1991): 413–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1991.0091.

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Recent progress and future prospects in diagnostics of energetic electrons and ions in the flares are reviewed, together with the roles they play in the flare as a whole. Most of the discussion centres on hard X-ray and gamma-ray and thermal plasma emission data, rather than on radio sources. Since Solar Maximum Mission and Hinotori there has been major progress in all areas of flare electron diagnostics. Electron spectra are now recoverable with some precision, electrons with energies above 10 MeV are known to be highly anisotropic, and indications are available of the spatial distribution of

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Nocente, M., A. Dal Molin, D. Rigamonti, et al. "COSMONAUT: A COmpact spectrometer for measurements of neutrons at the ASDEX upgrade tokamak." Review of Scientific Instruments 95, no. 8 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0218178.

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A COmpact Spectrometer for Measurements Of Neutrons at the ASDEX Upgrade Tokamak (COSMONAUT) has been developed for spectroscopy measurements of the 2.45 MeV neutron emission from deuterium plasmas at the ASDEX Upgrade. The instrument is based on a CLYC-7 inorganic scintillator, whereby the detection of fusion neutrons occurs via their interaction with 35Cl nuclei in the detector crystal, leading to a peak in the detector response function and providing excellent neutron/gamma-ray discrimination capabilities. The diagnostics is installed along a radial line of sight and makes use of a digital

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Petrova, S. A. "Physics of radio emission in gamma-ray pulsars." Journal of Plasma Physics 82, no. 2 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377816000386.

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Propagation of radio emission in a pulsar magnetosphere is reviewed. The effects of polarization transfer, induced scattering and reprocessing to high energies are analysed with a special emphasis on the implications for the gamma-ray pulsars. The possibilities of the pulsar plasma diagnostics based on the observed radio pulse characteristics are also outlined. As an example, the plasma number density profiles obtained from the polarization data for the Vela and the gamma-ray millisecond pulsars J1446-4701, J1939+2134 and J1744-1134 are presented. The number densities derived tend to be the hi

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Rattyananda, Badra Sanditya, Muhamad Abdulkadir Martoprawiro, Aminatus Arifah, et al. "Computation Study of Radioisotopes Gallium-68 (68Ga) Production using Long-lived & High Activity methods." Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Nuklir Indonesia 22, no. 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jstni.2021.22.2.6440.

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Radioisotopes used for gamma-ray-based diagnostics have the main problem that imaging resolution quality.Gallium-68 is a positron (β+) emitting radioisotope that has better imaging resolution than gamma-based radioisotopes. Gallium-68 (68Ga) can be produced by irradiating natural gallium or zinc-68 enriched as a target with protons in an accelerator facility. Indonesia has planned to build a cyclotron type accelerator that operates in 13 MeV proton energy and 50 µA proton beam who has initials named DECY-13. Before it was commissioned for radioisotopes production purpose that was must conduct

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Kiptily, Vasily, Yevgen Kazakov, Massimo Nocente, et al. "Excitation of Alfvén eigenmodes by fusion-born alpha-particles in D-³He plasmas on JET." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, March 14, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ac5d9e.

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Abstract Alfvén eigenmode (AE) instabilities driven by alpha-particles have been observed in D-3He fusion experiments on the Joint European Torus (JET) with the ITER-like wall (ILW). For the efficient generation of fusion alpha-particles from D-3He fusion reaction, the 3-ion radio frequency (RF) scenario was used to accelerate the neutral beam injection 100-keV deuterons to higher energies in the core of mixed D-3He plasmas at high concentrations of 3He. A large variety of fast-ion driven magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes were observed, including the elliptical Alfvén eigenmodes (EAEs) with mode

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"Production of 11C and 18F Isotopes. Getting the “Glucose, 11C “ Radiopharmaceutical." East European Journal of Physics, no. 4 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2312-4334-2018-4-09.

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The results of the photonuclear production of 11C and 18F isotopes in various target-matrices are summarized. The studies were performed using linear electron accelerators of the R&DE "Accelerator" NSC KIPT NAS of Ukraine in the energy range 10 -40 MeV to determine the possibilities of obtaining the maximum achievable activity levels of 11C isotopes, and 18F with a view to planning further developments on the creation of radiopharmaceutical for these nuclear isotopes. In the framework of the above approach, we measured the activity levels of the 18F which is transferred to the surrounding

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von der Linden, J., S. Nißl, A. Deller, et al. "Injection, confinement, and diagnosis of electrons and positrons in a permanent magnet dipole trap." European Physical Journal D 78, no. 12 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-024-00821-x.

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Abstract Prerequisites for the goal of studying long-lived, magnetically confined, electron–positron pair plasmas in the laboratory include the injection of both species into the trap, long trapping times, and suitable diagnostic methods. Here we report recent progress on these tasks achieved in a simple dipole trap based on a supported permanent magnet. For the injection of electrons, both an $$\textbf{E}\times B$$ E × B drift technique (of a $$\sim $$ ∼ 2–$$\upmu $$ μ A, 6-eV beam) and “edge injection” (from a filament emitting a few mA and biased to some tens of volts) have been demonstrate

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Mohamed, Z. L., Y. Kim, and J. P. Knauer. "Gamma-based nuclear fusion measurements at inertial confinement fusion facilities." Frontiers in Physics 10 (October 18, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2022.944339.

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Experiments performed on an inertial confinement fusion (ICF) platform offer a unique opportunity to study nuclear reactions, including reaction branches that are useful for diagnostic applications in ICF experiments as well as several that are relevant to nuclear astrophysics. In contrast to beam-accelerator experiments, experiments performed on an ICF platform occur over a short time scale and produce a plasma environment with physical parameters that are directly relevant to big bang and/or stellar nucleosynthesis. Several reactions of interest, such as D(T,γ)5He, H(D,γ)3He, H(T,γ)4He, and

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Nierer, Lukas, Franziska Walter, Maximilian Niyazi, et al. "Radiotherapy in oncological emergencies: fast-track treatment planning." Radiation Oncology 15, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13014-020-01657-6.

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Abstract Background and purpose To report on our clinical experience with a newly implemented workflow for radiotherapy (RT) emergency treatments, which allows for a fast treatment application outside the regular working-hours, and its clinical applicability. Methods Treatment planning of 18 emergency RT patients was carried out using diagnostic computed tomography (CT) without a dedicated RT simulation CT. The cone-beam CT (CBCT) deviations of the first RT treatment were analyzed regarding setup accuracy. Furthermore, feasibility of the “fast-track” workflow was evaluated with respect to dose

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