Academic literature on the topic 'Gamelan music Study and teaching Japan'

AbstractWhen dealing with traditional music, cultural context and authenticity are issues that need to be considered in designing the teaching of local music traditions. Traditional music is, by nature, an oral tradition. Learning traditional music among musicians was by non-formal education, i.e., by listening, observing and playing. The transfer of skills and knowledge was carried out orally within the community of musicians. With the advent of formal music education in schools and universities, notation is now being used in part to facilitate and expedite the learning process. However, teaching certain traditional music using notation may not only be a misrepresentation of the authentic practice of this music but may also not give students the skills necessary in playing traditional music as opposed to playing in western ensembles. Establishing an accurate context for practical activities on the gamelan can provide not only a sound methodology but also allow for appropriate evaluation.This study examined the teaching approaches of selected Malay traditional music in Malaysian schools and universities. This study utilized a qualitative approach. Ten school and university gamelan instructors were interviewed on the nature of the transmission process of traditional music in the classroom. Based on the responses provided by these respondents, it appears that the nature of the transmission process may not occur in the cultural context and that preservation is of the music and playing techniques. Keywords: traditional music, cultural context

Globalisation and information technology have posed challenges to cultural systems whereby new ways are taking over old ways that are indigenous to a particular culture. Traditional modes of cultural expression are being restructured where changes in musical practices and sound systems are affecting composers to remain vital. New music for the Malay gamelan using new modes of expression require schools to act as agents for change and innovation to occur. This study examines the direction gamelan music is taking in Malaysia and its implications on music education in Malaysia in order for the gamelan to remain relevant. Keywords: Malay gamelan; teaching; learning; approaches eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2021.. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2939

Abstract: This study are to describe the use and application of traditional music therapy in improving concentration, Independence, and Learning Outcomes in the fourth grade students ABK of SDN Sumbersari 1 Malang. This study used a qualitative approach. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects of this study were fourth grade students ABK at SDN Sumbersari 1 year 2012/2013 Malang. The results of this study indicate that traditional music therapy can improve concentration, independence and learning outcomes ABK fourth grade students at SDN Sumbersari 1 Malang. This is evidenced by the results of observations made during the month of January to May and the final results obtained by the percentage increase in the concentration rose between 33 % to 47 % and increased independence increased by 23 % to 39 %. This resulted in an increase in the value of learning outcomes. Activities, especially playing traditional music gamelan and angklung, teaching and learning activities in the fourth grade students of SDN Inclusion unfortunate Sumbersari I looked more effective and fun.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan dan penerapan terapi music tradisional dalam meningkatkan Konsentrasi, Kemandirian, dan Hasil Belajar siswa ABK di kelas IV SDN Sumbersari 1 Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa ABK kelas IV SDN Sumbersari 1 tahun 2012/2013 Malang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terapi musik tradisional dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi, kemandirian dan hasil belajar siswa ABK kelas IV SDN Sumbersari 1 Malang. Hal ini terbukti dengan hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan selama bulan Januari sampai Mei dan hasil akhir yang diperoleh peningkatan prosentase konsentrasi naik antara 33% sd 47% dan peningkatan kemandirian naik 23% sd 39%. Hal ini berdampak pada peningkatan nilai hasil belajar. Kegiatan bermain musik tradisional khususnya gamelan dan angklung , kegiatan belajar mengajar pada siswa kelas IV SDN Inklusi Sumbersari I malang tampak semakin efektif dan menyenang. Kata Kunci: Musik tradisional, konsentrasi,kemandirian, hasil belajar, siswa ABK

This study aimed to investigate the process of constructing a “fast-protocol” for violin instruction. Since learning string instruments has not been common, and because there are limited hours for music in Japanese schools, the author, a violinist, collaborated with the general music teacher at a middle school in the Tokyo metropolitan area, and co-created the protocol which contains three lesson units as follows: (1) to play an open string on the violin; (2) to discriminate pitch by string crosses on the violin; (3) to discriminate pitch by using fingers on the violin. As for data collection, the study videotaped students’ learning, and maintained log notes. This study also collected students’ commentary focusing on perceived challenges after each class ( N = 120). Based on all gathered data, after completing the coding process, researcher and teacher co-constructed the narrative. Findings include critical examinations of readiness in violin teaching and learning, and variations on violin-specific challenges associated with enjoyment and satisfaction for beginners.

This research considers how the study of musical performances from around the world can be drawn upon as a useful resource for language instruction, particularly in EFL Japanese university classrooms. This study shares the insights gained from literature reviews combined with the researcher’s teaching experiences on the advanced English elective course of Computer Assisted Ethnomusicology. This work was carried out over a five-year period between 2013–2018 at a university in the Tohoku region of Japan, based on a course that focused on the music and culture found in Oceania, South East Asia, East Asia, Africa and North America. This study identifies the language resources present within the ethnomusicological content, and identifies the ways it can help awaken learners to the rich variation that exists among the cultures of the world, and highlighting the way local and global features combine in the ‘glocal.’ In addition to digital applications, approaches introduced in the study also include the combination of high and low contact activities based on ethnomusicological resources. This helps to emphasize how Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), and open source multimedia make it possible to approach musical song texts and discourses that surround musical practice and performance and apply these to EFL teaching.

The Australian mezzo-soprano Ada Beatrice Bloxham (1865–1956) was the inaugural winner (in 1883) of the Clarke Scholarship for a promising musician resident in the Colony of Victoria to study at the Royal College of Music in London. She was the first Australian to enrol at the Royal College of Music and to graduate as an Associate of the College in 1888, and she was the first woman to be awarded a Fellowship of the Tonic Sol-fa College, London, also in 1888. After a period teaching and performing in Japan (1893–1899), she married and lived variously in South Africa, England, and France, returning to Australia in 1927. Due most probably to her marriage and family responsibilities, she appears not to have achieved her full potential as a performer and teacher. Nevertheless, Bloxham is worthy of recognition as having gained success as a musician and educator both in her native Australia and abroad during her early and middle years, and as a pathfinder and role model for other women during the early years of their musical careers.

Introduction. The article examines the origins of Taiwanese piano art, its evolution, the influence of national and numerous non-national musical traditions. Until today, no special study devoted to the general panorama of these important processes has been created. The general picture of the formation and development of Taiwanese musical culture in the context of the political, economic and social situation is considered. The purpose of the article is to highlight the origins of Taiwanese piano art, which influenced its evolution, the process of introducing national and numerous non-national elements at the main stages of its formation and development. With the help of analytical, historical, comparative, interdisciplinary methods of research, a number of tasks are solved: the role of Western Christian missionaries in the development of musical education and piano art on the island is determined, the reasons why the Western classical music was accepted by the local society, the questions about the founders of the system of Western of classical music education, the programs and forms of learning in the first music schools in Taiwan, the names of the first Taiwanese composers-pianists are clarified; а periodization of the development of piano art in Taiwan is proposed. Results. The most important historical stages of the formation and development of Taiwanese piano art can be considered: – the period of its creation from the end of the 16th century to 1894; – the period of Japanese colonial rule from 1895 to 1945; – the period of development of national self-awareness, 1946–1986; – the period of reunification with mainland China from 1987. The proposed periodization makes it possible to reveal the entire historical and cultural context of the existence of piano art in Taiwan, to project its genetic settings for further stages of its development. Its basis was national folklore, but since the middle of the 16th century, the island was visited by Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch and Canadian colonists, and the first contacts of Western music with the indigenous population of Taiwan were made thanks to the activities of Western missionaries and were subordinated mainly to religious purposes. The stage of Japanese colonial rule was important for the development of piano art on the island. Due to the influence of Japan, Taiwanese musicians had further opportunities to join the system of Western classical music education, as the Japanese government was helping Taiwanese youth to obtain it. After 1920, Western classical music becomes popular in Taiwan; the formation of composer creativity in the field of piano music also takes place – the activities of such Taiwanese composers and pianists as Chiang Wen-Yeh, Chen Sizhi, Kuo Chih-Yuan, Kao Tzu-Mei and others. In the years 1946–1986, we observe the further development of performing and teaching activities at the island, a bright burst of creativity by such composers as Chang-Hui Hsu, Hsiao Tyzen, Shui-Long Ma and others. After 1987, active musical contacts between China and Taiwan contribute to the further progress of the island’s piano art. The piano works of Taiwanese composers Shih-Hui Chen, Fan-Ling Su, Chien-Yu Huang and others are widely popularized. In recent decades, the performing activities of Taiwanese pianists, represented in the international space by the names of Chien-Yu Huang, Yi Chih Lu, Chiu Tze Lin and many others, have become very active. Today, the piano art of Taiwan is the most important part of not only Chinese, but also world music culture. Conclusions. The study of the origins of the piano art of Taiwan, the periods of its development, ways of refracting different musical traditions will help to understand both the historical-theoretical and aesthetic-pedagogical and artistic significance of this phenomenon in musical art. The most important events in the social and cultural life of Taiwan, since the end of the 16th century, indirectly affected the development of national piano art, which underwent qualitative changes connected with the emergence of new musical forms and means of expression, the methods of using the national and Western compositional techniques. The prospect of further study of the topic consists in a more detailed study of the modern stage of developing piano art in Taiwan and clarifying the influence of its extensive genetic roots on the compositional and performing creativity of representatives of Taiwanese musical culture.

Dewa Ruci's journal on this edition is felt so special. Since volume 15 has been eager to target a wider audience. Many scientific idiographic concepts are important and need to be known by international readers. This edition is proud to present the most widely written articles by postgraduate students and lecturers from the Indonesian Institute of the Arts Surakarta, Universities of Education from Surabaya, and Malang (East Java). What is special about this edition of this journal is the participation of the second author, who comes from various countries who are very encouraging to the first author. The participating writers from abroad are Adzrool Idzwan Ismail (Malaysia), Michiyo Yoneno Reyes (Japan), Nazima Rangwala Kalita (India), Lee Yong-Shik (South Korea), Jody Diamond (United States).We above appear to have six collaboratively written articles to publish on this occasion. The first author, Soerjo Wido Minato, wrote an article entitled “Art, Nature, and Culinary As Leverages for Village Branding at the Foot of the Mountain.” He discussed that coastal tourism and coastal villages have always been attractions, especially mountain villages that have succeeded in branding themselves as tourist villages. The Malang State University research team conducted research activities to support the preparation of Benjor Village to become a tourist village. An effective strategy for branding Benjor Village as a tourist village at the foot of the mountain is to synergize art, nature, and culinary arts in logos, songs, dances, taglines, videos, and social media.Next is Yulela Nur Imama's article entitled "Masak, Macak, Manak” at this time through challenge-based research on the creation of Nol dance," discussing 3M (cooking, preening, give birth) as cultural values for Javanese women. This study aims to determine the existence and relevance of these 3M values in dance works and how these values must be maintained. Tari Nol interprets 3M's cultural values.Hanna Medita wrote the article “Self Me: interpretation of self-injury in the context of healing,” discussing modernization that affects human needs. Self Me is a work inspired by the author's experience of self-injury which is very common among teenagers towards adulthood. Many symptoms are very likely to affect one's mental health. The work of Self Me gives a message about the importance of knowing self-injury early on and knowing what the symptoms of self-injury are.Rian Prasetya's article entitled "Color Formation of Musical Compositions of Children's Choir "Vocalista Angels" discusses the choir resulting from intensive training in various competitions in the Vocalista Angels (VA) group. The group emphasizes unique performance with sound color processing that deviates from the conventions of music theory. At the heart of quality processing at VA is building a distinctive tone of voice, trying to avoid musical tendencies based on classical vocal theory. An important element to form distinctiveness is a musical work that puts forward the method of wording, processing articulation, resonance, and intonation.Izam Ismail wrote the article "Media Adaptation of Mask Making in Malang: Study of Functional and Process for Making Fiber Masks" which discusses the adaptation made by changing the media without changing the shape and visuals that appear in Topeng Malang. The mask in the Malang Mask performance is a sacred form used by dancers by bringing the Panji character into the show. Making fiber masks begins with practice, namely making molds without changing the shape and ornaments on Malang Masks.Harmanto’s article entitled "The Concept of Tumbuk in Javanese Gamelan Tuning" discusses the phenomenon of musical mash in the Javanese karawitan tradition. Tumbuk is more than just a scale between Sléndro and Pélog. Tumbuk acts as a synchronizer in frequency and range between notes and a tone coordinator or add-on in the tuning system. Tones that have the same frequency in the tone of nêm are nêm sléndro and nêm pélog, nêm sléndro and pélog stuff, and others.The last writer is Hasbullah, with an article entitled "The Meaning Of Bali Aesthetic Code In The Animated Film Si Uma." He discusses the meaning of the Balinese aesthetic code in the animated film "Si Uma." The animated film gives a message through semantic codes such as cloth poleng, which connotes a balance of life and perfection. The meanings found from studying the Balinese aesthetic code in the animated film “Si Uma” are beauty, concentration, and cultural identity.That is the essence of the issue of Volume 16 Number 2 (December Edition), 2021. Hopefully, the knowledge that has been present in this publication can spur the growth of fine arts and performing arts in international networks, both in the arts. Creation and in the scientific research of art in general. We hope for the development of fine arts and arts.Thank you

04–255 Belcher, Diane D. Trends in teaching English for Specific Purposes. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA), 24 (2004), 165–186.04–257 Burden, P. (Okayama Shoka U., Japan; Email: burden-p@po.osu.ac.jp). An examination of attitude change towards the use of Japanese in a University English ‘conversation’ class. RELC Journal (Singapore),35,1 (2004), 21–36.04–258 Burns, Anne (Macquarie U., Australia; Email: anne.burns@mq.edu.au). ESL curriculum development in Australia: recent trends and debates. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 3 (2003), 261–283.04–259 Bush, Michael D. and Browne, Jeremy M. (Brigham Young U., USA; Email: Michael_Bush@byu.edu). Teaching Arabic with technology at BYU: learning from the past to bridge to the future. Calico Journal (Texas, USA), 21, 3 (2004), 497–522.04–260 Carlo, María S. (U. of Miami, USA; Email: carlo@miami.edu), August, Diane, McLaughlin, Barry, Snow, Catherine E., Dressler, Cheryl, Lippman, David N., Lively, Teresa J. and White, Claire E. Closing the gap: addressing the vocabulary needs of English-language learners in bilingual and mainstream classrooms. Reading Research Quarterly (Newark, USA), 39, 2 (2004), 188–215.04–261 Chambers, Gary N. and Pearson, Sue (School of Education, U. of Leeds, UK). Supported access to modern foreign language lessons. Language Learning Journal (Oxford, UK), 29 (2004), 32–41.04–262 Chesterton, Paul, Steigler-Peters, Susi, Moran, Wendy and Piccioli, Maria Teresa (Australian Catholic U., Australia; Email: P.Chesterton@mary.acu.edu.au). Developing sustainable language learning pathway: an Australian initiative. Language, Culture and Curriculum (Clevedon, UK), 17, 1 (2004), 48–57.04–263 Chin, Cheongsook (Inje U., South Korea; Email: langjin@inje.ac.kr). EFL learners' vocabulary development in the real world: interests and preferences. English Teaching (Anseongunn, South Korea), 59, 2 (2004), 43–58.04–264 Corda, Alessandra and van den Stel, Mieke (Leiden U., The Netherlands; Email: a.corda@let.leidenuniv.nl). Web-based CALL for Arabic: constraints and challenges. Calico Journal (Texas, USA), 21, 3 (2004), 485–495.04–265 Crawford, J. (Queensland U. of Technology, Australia; Email: j.crawford@qut.edu.au). Language choices in the foreign language classroom: target language or the learners' first language?RELC Journal (Singapore), 35, 1 (2004), 5–20.04–266 Derewianka, Beverly (Email: bevder@uow.edu.au). Trends and issues in genre-based approaches. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 2 (2003), 133–154.04–267 Esteban, Ana A. and Pérez Cañado, Maria L. (U. de Jaén, Spain). Making the case method work in teaching Business English: a case study. English for Specific Purposes (Oxford, UK), 23, 2 (2004), 137–161.04–268 Fang, Xu and Warschauer, Mark (Soochow University, China). Technology and curricular reform in China: a case study. TESOL Quarterly (Alexandria, VA, USA), 38, 2 (2004), 301–323.04–269 Foster, James Q., Harrell, Lane Foster, and Raizen, Esther (U. of Texas, Austin, USA; Email: jqf@hpmm.com). The Hebrewer: a web-based inflection generator. Calico Journal (Texas, USA), 21, 3 (2004), 523–540.04–270 Grabe, William (Northern Arizona University, USA). Research on teaching reading. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA), 24 (2004), 44–69.04–271 Grünewald, Andreas (University of Bremen, Germany). Neue Medien im Unterricht: Status quo und Perspektiven. [New media in the classroom: status quo and perspectives.] Der fremdsprachliche Unterricht Spanisch (Seelze, Germany), 6 (2004), 4–11.04–272 Hahn, Laura D. (U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA). Primary stress and intelligibility: research to motivate the teaching of suprasegmentals. TESOL Quarterly (Alexandria, VA, USA), 38, 2 (2004), 201–223.04–273 Hai, T., Quiang, N. and Wolff, M. (Xinyang Agricultural College, China; Email: xytengha@163.com). China's ESL goals: are they being met?English Today (Cambridge, UK), 20, 3 (2004), 37–44.04–274 Hardy, Ilonca M. and Moore, Joyce L. (Max Planck Institute of Human Development, Germany). Foreign language students' conversational negotiations in different task environments. Applied Linguistics (Oxford, UK), 25, 3 (2004), 340–370.04–275 Helbig-Reuter, Beate. Das Europäische Portfolio der Sprachen (II). [The European Language Portfolio (II).] Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Leipzig, Germany), 3 (2004), 173–176.04–276 Hughes, Jane (University College London, UK; Email: jane.hughes@ucl.ac.uk), McAvinia, Claire, and King, Terry. What really makes students like a web site? What are the implications for designing web-based learning sites?ReCALL (Cambridge, UK), 16, 1 (2004), 85–102.04–277 Jackson, J. (The Chinese U. of Hong Kong). Case-based teaching in a bilingual context: perceptions of business faculty in Hong Kong. English for Specific Purposes (Oxford, UK), 23, 3 (2004), 213–232.04–278 Jenkins, Jennifer (Kings College London, UK). Research in teaching pronunciation and intonation. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA.), 24 (2004), 109–125.04–279 Kanda, M. and Beglar, D. (Shiga Prefectural Adogawa Senior High School, Japan; Email: makiko-@iris.eonet.ne.jp). Applying pedagogical principles to grammar instruction. RELC Journal (Singapore), 35, 1 (2004), 105–115.04–280 Kang, I. (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Email: iyang@mail.kaist.ac.kr). Teaching spelling pronunciation of English vowels to Korean learners in relation to phonetic differences. English Teaching (Anseonggun, South Korea), 58, 4 (2003), 157–176.04–281 Kiernan, Patrick J. (Tokyo Denki University, Japan; Email: patrick@cck.dendai.ac.jp) and Aizawa, Kazumi. Cell phones in task based learning. Are cell phones useful language learning tools?ReCALL (Cambridge, UK), 16, 1 (2004), 71–84.04–282 Kim, Eun-Jeong (Kyungpook National U., South Korea; Email: ejkbuffalo@yahoo.co.kr). Considering task structuring practices in two ESL classrooms. English Teaching (Anseongunn, South Korea), 59, 2 (2004), 123–144.04–283 Kondo, David and Yang, Ying-Ling (University of Fukui, Japan). Strategies for coping with language anxiety: the case of students of English in Japan. ELT Journal (Oxford, UK), 58, 3 (2004), 258–265.04–284 Lin, Benedict (SEAMO RELC, Singapore). English in Singapore: an insider's perspective of syllabus renewal through a genre-based approach. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 2 (2003), 223–246.04–285 Lu, Dan (Hong Kong Baptist U., Hong Kong; Email: dan_lu@hkbu.ac.hk). English in Hong Kong: Super Highway or road to nowhere? Reflections on policy changes in language education of Hong Kong. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 3 (2003), 370–384.04–286 Lui, Jun (U. of Arizona, USA). Effects of comic strips on L2 learners' reading comprehension. TESOL Quarterly (Alexandria, VA, USA), 38, 2 (2004), 225–243.04–287 Lukjantschikowa, Marija. Textarbeit als Weg zu interkultureller Kompetenz. [Working with texts as a means to develop intercultural competence.] Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Leipzig, Germany), 3 (2004), 161–165.04–288 Lüning, Marita (Landesinstitut für Schule in Bremen, Germany). E-Mail-Projekte im Spanischunterricht. [E-Mail-Projects in the Spanish classroom.] Der fremdsprachliche Unterricht Spanisch (Seelze, Germany), 6 (2004), 30–36.04–289 Lyster, R. (McGill U., Canada; Email: roy.lyster@mcgill.ca). Differential effects of prompts and recasts in form-focussed instruction. Studies in Second Language Acqusition (New York, USA), 26, 3 (2004), 399–432.04–290 McCarthy, Michael (University of Nottingham, UK) and O'Keeffe, Anne. Research in the teaching of speaking. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA), 24 (2004), 26–43.04–291 Mitschian, Haymo. Multimedia. Ein Schlagwort in der medienbezogenen Fremdsprachendidaktik. [Multimedia. A buzzword for language teaching based on digital media.] Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Leipzig, Germany), 3 (2004), 131–139.04–292 Mohamed, Naashia (U. of Auckland, New Zealand). Consciousness-raising tasks: a learner perspective. ELT Journal (Oxford, UK), 58, 3 (2004), 228–237.04–293 Morrell, T. (U. of Alicante, Spain). Interactive lecture discourse for university EFL students. English for Specific Purposes (Oxford, UK), 23, 3 (2004), 325–338.04–294 Nassaji, Hossein and Fotos, Sandra. Current developments in research on the teaching of grammar. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA), 24 (2004), 126–145.04–295 Pérez Basanta, Carmen (U. of Granada, Spain; Email: cbasanta@ugr.es). Pedagogic aspects of the design and content of an online course for the development of lexical competence: ADELEX. ReCALL (Cambridge, UK), 16, 1 (2004), 20–40.04–296 Read, John. Research in teaching vocabulary. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA), 24 (2004), 146–161.04–297 Rössler, Andrea (Friedrich-Engels-Gymansium in Berlin, Germany). Música actual. [Contemporary music.] Der fremdsprachliche Unterricht Spanisch (Seelze, Germany), 4 (2004), 4–9.04–298 Sachs, Gertrude Tinker (Georgia State U., USA; Email: gtinkersachs@gsu.edu), Candlin, Christopher N., Rose, Kenneth R. and Shum, Sandy. Developing cooperative learning in the EFL/ESL secondary classroom. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 3 (2003), 338–369.04–299 Seidlhofer, Barbara. Research perspectives on teaching English as a lingua franca. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA), 24 (2004), 200–239.04–300 Silva, Tony (Purdue U., USA) and Brice, Colleen. Research in teaching writing. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA), 24 (2004), 70–106.04–301 ková, Alena. Zur jüngeren germanistischen Wortbildungsforschung und zur Nutzung der Ergebnisse für Deutsch als Fremdsprache. [The newest German research in word formation and its benefits for learning German as a foreign language.] Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Leipzig, Germany), 3 (2004), 140–151.04–302 Simmons-McDonald, Hazel. Trends in teaching standard varieties to creole and vernacular speakers. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA), 24 (2004), 187–208.04–303 Smith, B. (Arizona State U. East, USA; Email: bryan.smith@asu.edu). Computer-mediated negotiated interaction and lexical acquisition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition (New York, USA), 26, 3 (2004), 365–398.04–304 Son, Seongho (U. Kyungpool, South Korea). DaF – Unterricht digital. [A digital teaching of German as a foreign language.] Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Leipzig, Germany), 2 (2004), 76–77.04–305 Spaniel, Dorothea. Deutschland-Images als Einflussfaktor beim Erlernen der deutschen Sprache. [The images of Germany as an influencing factor in the process of learning German.] Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Leipzig, Germany), 3 (2004), 166–172.04–306 Steveker, Wolfgang (Carl-Fuhlrott-Gymnasium Wuppertal, Germany). Spanisch unterrichten mit dem Internet – aber wie? [Internet-based teaching of Spanish – how to do this?] Der fremdsprachliche Unterricht Spanisch (Seelze, Germany), 6 (2004), 14–17.04–307 Stoller, Fredricka L. Content-based instruction: perspectives on curriculum planning. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (Cambridge, UK), 24 (2004), 261–283.04–308 Thompson, L. (U. of Manchester, UK; Email: linda.thompson@man.ac.uk). Policy for language education in England: Does less mean more?RELC Journal (Singapore), 35,1 (2004), 83–103.04–309 Tomlinson, Brian (Leeds Metropolitan U., UK; Email: B.Tomlinson@lmu.ac.uk). Helping learners to develop an effective L2 inner voice. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 2 (2003), 178–194.04–310 Vandergrift, Larry (U. of Ottawa, Canada). Listening to learn or learning to listen?Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (New York, USA), 24 (2004), 3–25.04–311 Vences, Ursula (University of Cologne, Germany). Lesen und Verstehen – Lesen heißt Verstehen. [Reading and Comprehension – Reading is Comprehension.] Der fremdsprachliche Unterricht Spanisch (Seelze, Germany), 5 (2004), 4–11.04–312 Xinmin, Zheng and Adamson, Bob (Hong Kong U., Hong Kong; Email: sxmzheng@hkusua.hku.hk). The pedagogy of a secondary school teacher of English in the People's Republic of China: challenging the stereotypes. RELC Journal (Singapore), 34, 3 (2003), 323–337.04–313 Zlateva, Pavlina. Faktizität vs. Prospektivität als Stütze beim Erwerb grammatischer Erscheinungen im Deutschen. [Factuality versus Prospectivity in aid of the acquisition of grammar phenomena in German.] Deutsch als Fremdsprache (Leipzig, Germany), 3 (2004), 158–160.

07–533Anh Tuan, Truong & Storch Neomy (U Melbourne, Australia; neomys@unimelb.edu.au), Investigating group planning in preparation for oral presentations in an EFL class in Vietnam. RELC Journal (Sage) 38.1 (2007), 104–124.07–534Bada, Erdogan & Bilal Genc (U Çukurova, Turkey; erdoganbada@gmail.com), An investigation into the tense/aspect preferences of Turkish speakers of English and native English speakers in their oral narration. The Reading Matrix (Readingmatrix.com) 7.1 (2007), 141–150.07–535Beasley, Robert (Franklin College, USA; rbeasley@franklincollege.edu), Yuangshan Chuang & Chao-chih Liao, Determinants and effects of English language immersion in Taiwanese EFL learners engaged in online music study. The Reading Matrix (Readingmatrix.com) 6.3 (2006), 330–339.07–536Campbell, Dermot, Ciaron Mcdonnell, Marti Meinardi & Bunny Richardson (Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland; dermot.campbell@dit.ie), The need for a speech corpus. 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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 532-554) and discography (leaves 555-557).
Also available by subscription via World Wide Web
2 v. (xix, 557 leaves, bound) music 29 cm

This study aims to utilize music to improve learners' motivation, communication, as well as all subject matters other than music, and to nurture human resources that will contribute to the creation of “symbiosis” society. By creating a new teaching learning model for recurrent education for in-service P-12 teachers in Japan, the study specifically presents several model classes to let the participating teachers plan the “Utilizing Music.” For training, they use active learning methods such as PBL with core communication among students. The data were gathered by asking all of the participants to answer an open-ended questionnaire after each session and to analyze their sample lesson plans after they received the instruction. Findings suggests that there were certain resistances in teachers to change their teaching to be more interdisciplinary and shifted to kyosei-based; however, most of the participants absorbed the proposed idea and created lessons in a new direction.

This study aims to utilize music to improve learners' motivation, communication, as well as all subject matters other than music, and to nurture human resources that will contribute to the creation of “symbiosis” society. By creating a new teaching learning model for recurrent education for in-service P-12 teachers in Japan, the study specifically presents several model classes to let the participating teachers plan the “Utilizing Music.” For training, they use active learning methods such as PBL with core communication among students. The data were gathered by asking all of the participants to answer an open-ended questionnaire after each session and to analyze their sample lesson plans after they received the instruction. Findings suggests that there were certain resistances in teachers to change their teaching to be more interdisciplinary and shifted to kyosei-based; however, most of the participants absorbed the proposed idea and created lessons in a new direction.